暑假作业04 动词不定式-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（人教版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业04 动词不定式 1. 动词不定式的形式： to+动词原形（有时可以省略to）；否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 2. 动词不定式的句法功能 功能 用法 例句 作宾语 一般只作某些动词的宾语 They decided to visit the Great Lakes. 作宾语补足语 位于宾语后，补充说明宾语的意义、状态等。 The teacher asked us to turn off the lights. 作状语 一般在句中作目的、结果、原因状语 He opened the door for her to come in.（作目的状语） Paul is too excited to say anything.（作结果状语） 作主语 常用it作形式主语，而将不定式后置 To learn English well is important. =It is important to learn English well. 作表语 常位于be动词后 Her job is to do the dishes. 作定语 常放在所修饰词的后面作后置定语（如果是不及物动词，则需加介词） I have a lot of books to read. Please give me some paper to write on. 【拓展】特殊结构的不定式 结构 功能 例句 疑问词+动词不定式 作主语 When to go to Beijing hasn't been decided yet. 作宾语 I haven't decided yet when to leave. 作表语 The question is where to find water. 作宾语时，还可转化为宾语从句。如： Can you tell me where to get the scarf ? =Can you tell me where I can get the scarf ? 3.常见可接动词不定式作宾语的动词（词组）（v.+to do sth.） afford负担得起 agree同意 choose选择 continue继续 decide决定 expect期望 fail失败 forget忘记 hope希望 learn学习 like喜欢 manage设法 need需要 plan计划 prefer更喜欢 prepare准备 promise承诺 refuse拒绝 wait等待 want想要［2024.69］ would like想要 4.常见接动词不定式作宾补的动词（v.+sb. to do sth.） advise建议 allow允许 ask要求 expect期望 force强迫 help帮助 invite邀请 teach教 tell告诉 want想要 warn警告 wish希望 encourage鼓励 request要求 order命令 5.动词不定式符号to的省略 （1）在一些使役动词和感官动词之后，要把不定式结构中的to省略，但在变为被动语态时，要把省略的to加上（let除外）。常用的有： 一感： feel 二听： listen to， hear 三让： let， have， make 四看： watch， see， look at， notice 如：The boy's funny action made everyone laugh.=Everyone was made to laugh by the boy's funny action. （2）help后带to不带to均可。如： She still works there once a week to help kids （to） learn to read. （3）当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时，通常只需在第一个不定式处用to，其余不定式的to可以省略。但是，如果两者有对比关系，则后面的不定式to不可省略。如： To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （4）why not…后省略to。如： Why not go with Tom? （5）had better…后省略to。如： We'd better ride a shared bike there. 6.不定式的常见句型 （1）It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……/某人做某事真是…… （2）It takes/took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.做某事花某人……时间。 （3）It's time to do sth.到做某事的时间了。 （4）It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。 （5）prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 （6）too+adj.+to do sth.太……而不能做某事 （7）adj.+enough to do sth.足够……去做某事 （8）It's one's duty to do sth.做某事是某人的义务。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．There is no need ________ that robots will take the place of us. Humans make them. A．to remind B．to fear C．remind D．fear 【答案】B 【详解】句意：没有必要担心机器人会取代我们。人类制造了它们。 考查动词辨析及非谓语动词。fear担心；remind使想起。根据“There is no need…that robots will take the place of us.”可知，没有必要担心机器人会取代我们，there is no need to do sth.“没有必要做某事”。故选B。 2．I advise you ________ anything out of the window while driving. A．to throw B．throwing C．not to throw D．not throwing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我建议你在开车时不要向窗外扔任何东西。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I advise you...anything out of the window while driving.”可知此处指不要向窗外扔东西，advise sb. not to do sth.意为“建议某人不要做某事”，为固定搭配。故选C。 3．________ is important for us ________ sports every day. A．It; do B．That; to do C．This; to do D．It; to do 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每天做运动对我们来说是很重要的。 考查固定句型。句型“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”，在此句型中，要用It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语，要用to do。故选D。 4．Would you mind telling me how ________ English words? A．remember B．remembered C．remembering D．to remember 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你介意告诉我如何记住英语单词吗？ 考查非谓语动词。根据“how … English words”可知此处是疑问词how+动词不定式作宾语，表示如何记住英语单词。故选D。 5．It is raining, so John decides ________ at home. A．stay B．to stay C．stayed D．staying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下雨了，所以约翰决定呆在家里。 考查不定式结构。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，空处用不定式形式to stay。故选B。 6．— Why do they hold the activity? — The purpose is ________ for a charity. A．to donate money B．raising money C．donating money D．to raise money 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——他们为什么要举办这个活动？——目的是为慈善机构筹集资金。 考查动词不定式。donate money捐钱；raise money筹集资金；根据语境可知，此处表示“为了筹钱”，用动词不定式作表语，排除选项B和C，raise money for sth.“为……筹集资金”，固定用法。故选D。 7．Singapore is a good place ________ your English. A．practice B．practicing C．to practice D．practices 【答案】C 【详解】句意：新加坡是一个练习你的英语的好地方。 考查非谓语动词。a good place to do sth表示“做某事的好地方”，不定式作后置定语。故选C。 8．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中秋节对中国家庭来说是团聚的好时候。 考查非谓语动词。根据“a good time…to get together”可知，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰time，表示“做某事的时间”。故选D。 9．Our teacher advises us ________ each other when we are in trouble. A．to help B．helped C．helping D．help 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的老师建议我们遇到困难时互相帮助。 考查非谓语。此处是固定短语advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”，空处用不定式形式，故选A。 10．Dale, please remind me ________ the windows after school. I’m so forgetful now. A．to closing B．closing C．close D．to close 【答案】D 【详解】句意：戴尔，放学后请提醒我关窗户。我现在很健忘。 考查非谓语动词。根据“please remind me”可知，考查remind sb to do sth“提醒某人做某事”，因此设空处填不定式。故选D。 11．________ the task on time, the workers were working day and night. A．Finishing B．Finish C．To finish D．Finished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了按时完成任务，工人们日夜工作。 考查非谓语动词。Finishing完成，现在分词或动名词；Finish动词原形；To finish动词不定式；Finished过去式或过去分词。根据“the workers were working day and night”可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“工人们日夜工作的目的是为了按时完成任务”。故选C。 12．We should do everything we can ______ the animals in danger. A．save B．to save C．saving D．saved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该尽我们所能拯救处于危险中的动物。 考查非谓语。根据“do everything we can”和“the animals in danger”可知，此处需要动词不定式“to save”作目的状语，表示我们做一切能做的事情是为了拯救处于危险中的动物。故选B。 13．We must do something ________ the left-behind children in rural areas. A．help B．helps C．helping D．to help 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们必须做一些事情来帮助农村的留守儿童。 考查非谓语动词。根据“the left-behind children in rural areas”可知，是帮助留守儿童，设空处表目的，填不定式作状语。故选D。 14．Although Linda felt sad ________ certain toys, she gave many to children ______. A．to part with, in need B．part with, in need C．part with, of need D．to part with, on need 【答案】A 【详解】 句意：虽然琳达要舍弃某些玩具而感觉很伤心，但她还是把许多玩具给了有需要的孩子。 考查非谓语动词和介词短语。第一空应用动词不定式表示原因，即感觉伤心是因为要舍弃某些玩具；第二空表示把玩具给有需要的孩子，in need有需要的，为固定短语，在句中作后置定语修饰“children”。故选A。 15．Our English teacher is patient enough ______ much time explaining grammar rules to us. A．spend B．spending C．to spend D．spent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师很有耐心，花了很多时间给我们解释语法规则。 考查非谓语动词。adj.+enough to do“足够……去做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．We must remember (not put) rubbish into the sea. 【答案】not to put 【详解】句意：我们必须记住不要把垃圾投放到海里。remember to do sth记住干某事，此事未做；remember doing sth记住做过某事，此事已做。根据句意可知这里指记着要做某事，空格处应填不定式形式；动词不定式的否定是在动词不定式符号to前加not。故填not to put。 2．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me where (park) my car? —Sure. Park it right here. 【答案】to park 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我把车停在哪里吗？——当然，把它停在这里。“疑问词+动词不定式”相当于一个名词性从句；where to park my car“停在哪里”相当于一个宾语从句where I should park my car。故填to park。 3．It’s necessary for volunteers (receive) training before doing the tasks. 【答案】to receive 【详解】句意：志愿者们在进行任务之前让接受训练是有必要的。根据句意和句子结构可知，本题考查It is + 形容词 + (for sb) to do sth.“做某事对某人来说是……的”，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。所以，此空须填receive的动词不定式形式to receive。故填to receive。 4．They volunteered (take) care of these homeless people. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：他们自愿照顾这些无家可归的人。volunteer to do sth“自愿做某事”，空处应填动词不定式作宾语。故填to take。 5．For thousands of tourists, this small island is a wonderful place (take) a holiday. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：对于成千上万的游客来说，这个小岛是度假的好地方。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式to take作后置定语修饰名词place。故填to take。 6．The signs in the museum warn us (not touch) those works of art. 【答案】not to touch 【详解】句意：博物馆里的告示牌警告我们不要碰那些艺术品。touch“触摸”，动词；warn sb not to do sth“警告某人不要做某事” 。故填not to touch。 7．The government did whatever it could ( protect ) people from the war. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：政府尽其所能保护人民免受战争的伤害。protect“保护”，结合句意，政府尽其所能，目的是保护人民免受战争的伤害，因此用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。 8．I’m always ready (help) others. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：我总是乐于帮助别人。be ready to do sth.“准备好去做某事，乐意做某事”，为固定短语。故填to help。 9．Mr. Brown was too busy working on the project (answer) the question. 【答案】to answer 【详解】句意：布朗先生忙于这个项目，没有时间回答这个问题。根据“Mr. Brown was too busy working on the project”可知，他没时间回答这个问题。too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，故填to answer。 10．Mr. Brown made his students (write) letters in English. 【答案】write 【详解】句意：布朗先生让他的学生用英语写信。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”固定搭配，填动词原形write“写”。故填write。 一、完形填空 One day, a king was traveling in his own land. He saw a farmer who was working 1 hard that he didn’t notice a snake coiling around (缠绕着) his leg. The king 2 , “Farmer, there is a snake on your leg!” The farmer shook the snake off and 3 his work. The king was surprised 4 this and asked, “Don’t you know that the snake can 5 you? Is your work more important than your life?” The farmer said, “Your Majesty (陛下), 6 I don’t work hard, my family will starve (挨饿) to death! That’s the only thing that I am 7 of.” The king was moved and 8 to reward (奖励) the farmer with a lot of money. A year later, the king met the farmer 9 . The farmer was well dressed and looked a little 10 . The king saw that he had a bandage on his right hand. The king asked him, “What 11 to your hand?” “Your Majesty,” the farmer replied, “my finger was pricked (刺伤) by a thorn (刺) on a pumpkin. Now I need to 12 my hand.” The king was surprised. “When you were 13 , you were not afraid of a snakebite. But now you say that you need to 14 after being pricked by a thorn!” The farmer said, “Your Majesty, perhaps you’ve never 15 the saying: ‘That was then, this is now!’” 1．A．very B．such C．so D．quite 2．A．asked B．shouted C．agreed D．laughed 3．A．stopped B．changed C．continued D．finished 4．A．by B．to C．with D．for 5．A．hurt B．help C．eat D．protect 6．A．unless B．or C．so D．if 7．A．tired B．bored C．afraid D．sad 8．A．refused B．decided C．reported D．believed 9．A．still B．even C．too D．again 10．A．thin B．fat C．short D．tall 11．A．happened B．turned C．returned D．belonged 12．A．look up B．take after C．part with D．take care of 13．A．famous B．poor C．smart D．creative 14．A．work B．rest C．breathe D．hide 15．A．watched B．listened to C．heard D．noticed 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个国王在旅行中遇到一个农民的故事，通过对比农民在贫穷和富裕时的不同反应，揭示了环境变化对人行为的影响。 1．句意：他看见一个农民工作如此努力，以至于没注意到一条蛇正缠绕在他的腿上。 very非常；such如此，修饰名词；so如此，修饰形容词、副词；quite相当。根据“... hard that he didn’t notice a snake coiling around (缠绕着) his leg.”可知，此处为“so+副词+ that ...”结构，用于引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，修饰副词hard“努力地”应用so。故选C。 2．句意：国王喊道：“农民，你的腿上有一条蛇！” asked询问；shouted大喊；agreed同意；laughed大笑。根据“Farmer, there is a snake on your leg!”结合语境可知，当看到一条蛇缠绕腿的紧急情况，应是需大声提醒，shouted“大喊”符合语境。故选B。 3．句意：农民抖掉了蛇，继续他的工作。 stopped停止；changed改变；continued继续；finished完成。根据下文“Don’t you know that the snake can ... you? Is your work more important than your life?”可知，工作对于农民来说比命重要，所以是农民抖掉了蛇，继续工作。故选C。 4．句意：国王对此感到惊讶，问道：“你不知道蛇会伤害你吗？难道你的工作比生命还重要？” by被；to到；with和……一起；for为了。此处是国王对农民的反应感到惊讶，be surprised by sth.“对……感到惊讶”，固定搭配。故选A。 5．句意：你不知道蛇会伤害你吗？ hurt伤害；help帮助；eat吃；protect保护。根据“Don’t you know that the snake can ... you?”结合常识可知，蛇可能会伤害人。故选A。 6．句意：陛下，如果我不努力工作，我的家人会饿死！ unless除非；or或者；so因此；if如果。根据“... I don’t work hard, my family will starve (挨饿) to death!”可知，“不努力工作”是“家人饿死”的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选D。 7．句意：那是我唯一害怕的事情。 tired疲惫的；bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；sad悲伤的。根据前文可知，农民面对蛇时不害怕，而此处担心家人挨饿，be afraid of“害怕”，符合语境。故选C。 8．句意：国王被感动了，决定奖赏农民一大笔钱。 refused拒绝；decided决定；reported报告；believed相信。根据“The king was moved ...”可知，国王被农民的话感动了，因此接下来应是采取积极的行动，决定奖赏农民，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，符合语境。故选B。 9．句意：一年后，国王再次遇见了这位农民。 still仍然；even甚至；too也；again再次。根据“A year later, the king met the farmer ...”可知，此处表示再次遇见。故选D。 10．句意：农民穿着讲究，看起来有点胖。 thin瘦的；fat胖的；short短的；tall高的。根据“The farmer was well dressed ...”结合上文“The king was moved and decided to reward (奖励) the farmer with a lot of money.”可知，农民因获得奖赏而生活改善，穿着讲究，因此胖符合生活富裕后的形象。故选B。 11．句意：国王问他：“你的手怎么了？” happened发生；turned转变；returned返回；belonged属于。根据“The king saw that he had a bandage on his right hand.”可知，此处是国王询问手怎么了，what happened to...“……怎么了”，固定句型，用于询问状况。故选A。 12．句意：现在我需要照顾我的手。 look up查找；take after长得像；part with放弃；take care of照顾。根据“my finger was pricked (刺伤) by a thorn (刺) on a pumpkin.”可知，手指被刺扎，因此需要照顾手。故选D。 13．句意：当你贫穷的时候，你不怕被蛇咬。 famous著名的；poor贫穷的；smart聪明的；creative有创造力的。根据“... you were not afraid of a snakebite.”结合前文可知，是当农民贫穷的时候，不怕被蛇咬。故选B。 14．句意：但现在你说被刺扎后需要休息！ work工作；rest休息；breathe呼吸；hide隐藏。根据前文“Now I need to take care of my hand.”可知，是手指受伤后需要休息。故选B。 15．句意：陛下，也许你从未听说过这句话：“那时是那时，现在是现在！” watched观看；listened to听，强调动作；heard听见，听说，强调结果；noticed注意到。根据“the saying: ‘That was then, this is now!’”可知，此处是说或许国王没有听过这句话，强调听的结果。故选C。 二、阅读理解 A The Himalaya Mountains are the largest in the world. They are over 2, 600 kilometers long from Pakistan in the west, to Namcha Barwa of Tibet in China in the east. They have the highest and most dangerous climbing peaks (峰顶) in the world. The most well-known ones are Mount Qomolangma (8, 844.43 meters) and the K2 (8,611 meters). People from all over the world come to Asia to try climbing these huge mountains. Mount Qomolangma is close to Nepal and Tibet of China, and K2 separates the Xinjiang area in the northwest of China from Pakistan. The most difficult peak to climb is K2 not only because of its terrible rocks but also because of the dangerous weather there. The mountain is the tallest in the area and doesn’t have any protection from the wind and storms. The mountains are not just for climbing. Three important rivers come from these mountains. The Indus River, the Gangabrahmaputra River and the Yangtze River all receive water from the snowy peaks of these mountains. The Yangtze River is the largest river in Asia and the third largest in the world. It runs to the east from the Himalayas out to the China Sea. The Himalayas are a reminder of the power and beauty of nature. 16．Where is the east point of the Himalaya mountains? A．Pakistan. B．Namcha Barwa of Tibet. C．Mount Qomolangma. 17．What does the underlined word “separates” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．连接 B．分割 C．排列 18．Why is K2 the most difficult peak to climb? A．Because it makes climbers feel terrible and give up. B．Because it has strongest wind and storms and no water. C．Because it has many terrible rocks and dangerous weather. 19．What is the importance of the Himalaya Mountains? A．They are just for climbing. B．They protect people from the danger. C．They mean the power and beauty of nature. 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Himalayas. B．Qomolangma. C．K2. 【答案】16．B 17．B 18．C 19．C 20．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了喜马拉雅山脉的地理位置、著名山峰的攀登难度，以及其作为三条重要河流发源地的生态意义，展现了山脉的自然力量与美丽。 16．细节理解题。根据文中“They are over 2,600 kilometers long from Pakistan in the west, to Namcha Barwa of Tibet in China in the east.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉的东端是中国西藏的南迦巴瓦峰，故选B。 17．词义猜测题。根据“K2 separates the Xinjiang area in the northwest of China from Pakistan”并结合地理常识可知，K2处于中国新疆与巴基斯坦之间，起到分隔的作用，所以separates意思是“分割”，故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“The most difficult peak to climb is K2 not only because of its terrible rocks but also because of the dangerous weather there.”可知，K2难攀登是因为有可怕的岩石和危险的天气，故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“The Himalayas are a reminder of the power and beauty of nature.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉代表着自然的力量与美丽，这是其重要性所在，故选C。 20．最佳标题题。文章围绕喜马拉雅山脉展开，介绍了它的长度、著名山峰、地理意义以及重要性等，故选A。 B As students, taking tests is a part of our life. But do you know how to get ready for tests? 21 Check the details (细节) 22 At the same time, find out if the teacher has a system which can help you write your answers on the test paper more properly. It’s always useful to check which school things you might need, too. Review (复习) methods Reviewing what you have learned before the test can make sure of better grades. 23 First of all, you can create flashcards to test your memory of facts. Besides, you can ask a friend to test you on what you’ve learned. Last but not least, you can create a brainstorm or a mind map. Make preparation 24 Eat healthily and allow lots of time to reach school on the test day. Then you will feel organized and ready, and also remember to take a bottle of water. What’s more, have a positive attitude (积极的态度)—you’ll pass the test! Own your achievements Everyone learns in different ways. The best thing about learning is that it never ends. Use the test result to understand your strong points and weak points. Be proud of the hard work you’ve done. 25 Take it easy and just go for it. A．And there are different ways to review. B．Pack (打包) your bag the night before the test. C．The most important thing is to make you sleep well. D．Now I’ll share some useful ways to prepare for them. E．Check twice when the test will be and how long it will last. F．Hard work and carefulness (仔细) can help you achieve success. 【答案】21．D 22．E 23．A 24．B 25．F 【解析】本文主要讲述了如何有效地为考试做准备。 21．根据“But do you know how to get ready for tests?”以及下文可知，后文主要介绍了如何为考试做准备，选项D“现在我将分享一些有用的方法来准备它们。”符合语境，故选D。 22．根据“Check the details (细节)”可知，此处是关于考试细节方面的内容，选项E“检查两次考试时间和考试时长。”符合语境，故选E。 23．根据“Review (复习) methods”可知，此处主要讲复习方法，选项A“并且有不同的复习方法。”符合语境，故选A。 24．根据“Make preparation”可知，此处是考试准备工作的一部分，选项B“考试前一天晚上把你的书包打包好。”符合语境，故选B。 25．根据“Own your achievements”可知，此处是在鼓励读者以正确的态度对待考试，选项F“勤奋和仔细可以让你成功。”符合语境，故选F。 三、语法填空。 It’s Day 45 of our adventure to the South Pole. This is one of the most difficult days I’ve ever had. However, we keep 26 (walk) against the wind and snow to get to the South Pole. This journey has been special even though at times it 27 (feel) like it is never going to end. First, it’s not easy to move over the white snow and ice that feels like an ocean. Sometimes it’s white everywhere and it’s hard to see more than a few 28 (meter) ahead because of storms. Whenever I almost give 29 , I try to think of how Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary overcame (战胜) their difficulties more than 80 years ago. Another challenge of the jourrney is 30 (prepare) food. For example, we have to eat any hot food fast since it gets cold 31 (quick). Sometimes, we just have some sweets and nuts 32 there’s no time to stop for a proper meal. We’ve always made sure that we eat the right food so that we can continue our journey with enough energy. I think the 33 (hard) part is to protect our feet. It would be bad if we couldn’t get to the pole because of accidents. Our team doctor has always helped us and has 34 (keep) us in good shape. This adventure has taught us that we need to challenge 35 (we) before we can succeed. It will feel wonderful to be finally standing at the South Pole. 【答案】 26．walking 27．felt 28．meters 29．up 30．preparing 31．quickly 32．because 33．hardest 34．kept 35．ourselves 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者南极探险的经历和感受。 26．句意：然而，我们顶着风雪继续走向南极。keep doing sth意为 “继续做某事”，固定搭配，所以此处用walk的动名词形式walking。故填walking。 27．句意：这段旅程很特别，尽管有时感觉它永远不会结束。根据“even though at times it…like it is never going to end.”可知，此处描述的是过去这段时间里的感受，所以用一般过去时，feel的过去式是felt，故填felt。 28．句意：有时到处都是白色，由于风暴，很难看到前方几米远的地方。根据空前的“a few”可知， 此处应填可数名词meter“米”的复数形式meters，故填meters。 29．句意：每当我几乎要放弃的时候，我就会试着去想80多年前丹增・诺尔盖和埃德蒙・希拉里是如何克服他们的困难的。give up意为 “放弃”，动词短语，符合语境。故填up。 30．句意：旅程的另一个挑战是准备食物。“is”后面用动名词作表语，所以用prepare的动名词形式preparing。故填preparing。 31．句意：例如，我们必须尽快吃热的食物，因为它很快就会变冷。根据空前的“gets”可知，这里需要用副词来修饰动词，quick的副词形式是quickly。故填quickly。 32．句意：有时，我们只吃一些糖果和坚果，因为没有时间停下来吃一顿合适的饭。根据“there’s no time to stop for a proper meal”和“we just have some sweets and nuts”可知，此处是前果后因，所以用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，故填because。 33．句意：我认为最难的部分是保护我们的脚。根据上下文语境，这里是在说众多挑战中最困难的部分，所以用hard的最高级形式hardest。故填hardest。 34．句意：我们的队医一直帮助我们，让我们保持良好的状态。根据“Our team doctor has always helped us and has…”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，句中has已给出，keep的过去分词是kept，故填kept。 35．句意：这次冒险告诉我们，在成功之前我们需要挑战自己。challenge oneself表示“挑战某人自己”，固定搭配，主语是“we”，所以用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 根据短文内容完成表格，每空限填一词。 Wang Qian was a lovely girl, who didn’t argue (争论) with her parents. But when she became an eighth-grader, things started to change. “We often argue, sometimes because of unimportant things,” she said. Maybe Wang has got the “eighth-grader syndrome (综合症)”. Some experts think eighth-grader usually suffer a lot because of the changes in their body and mind. The lack (缺少) of support is also a possible reason. Wang’s classmate Liu Shijia is an example. “The exams in Grade 8 are more difficult, but my parents still don’t support me,” she said sadly. As eighth-graders enter the rebellious phase (叛逆期), they want to be free and have their own ideas. The survey shows that eighth-graders may try to persuade (说服) their parents when they have different ideas. Wang feels this deeply. She thinks there is nothing wrong with playing with boys, but her parents don’t agree with her. They often argue about this. An expert from Jiangsu gives useful advice to eighth-graders. “First, calm down and pay more attention to your studies. Second, develop what you are interested in and share them with your parents. Finally, learn about your changes and know yourself well. Then try to accept them,” she said. An example Wang Qian 1 argued with her parents before she became an eighth-grader. The problem 1. Eighth-grader syndrome makes some children suffer a lot because 2 are some changes in their body and mind. 2. The lack of support is also a possible reason. 3. Eighth-graders want to be free and have 3 ideas with their parents. Some 4 1. Calm down and pay more attention to your studies. 2. Develop some 5 and share them with your parents. 3. Learn about your changes and know yourself well, then try to accept them. 【答案】1．seldom 2．there 3．different 4．advice 5．interests 【解析】本文主要讲述了八年级学生可能经历的“八年级综合症”，包括他们与父母之间的争吵、身体和心理的变化、缺乏支持等问题。 1．根据“Wang Qian was a lovely girl, who didn’t argue with her parents. But when she became an eighth-grader, things started to change. ”可知，Wang Qian在八年级之前很少和父母争吵。故填seldom。 2．根据“Some experts think eighth-grader usually suffer a lot because of the changes in their body and mind.”可知，八年级学生因为有身体和心理的改变，使他们承受很多，这里表示“有”，用there be句型。故填there。 3．根据“The survey shows that eighth-graders may try to persuade their parents when they have different ideas.”可知，当八年级学生有不同的观点时，试图说服父母。故填different。 4．根据“An expert from Jiangsu gives useful advice to eighth-graders.”可知，此处指建议。故填advice。 5．根据“Second, develop what you are interested in and share them with your parents”可知，这里是指培养兴趣。故填interests。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业04 动词不定式 1. 动词不定式的形式： to+动词原形（有时可以省略to）；否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 2. 动词不定式的句法功能 功能 用法 例句 作宾语 一般只作某些动词的宾语 They decided to visit the Great Lakes. 作宾语补足语 位于宾语后，补充说明宾语的意义、状态等。 The teacher asked us to turn off the lights. 作状语 一般在句中作目的、结果、原因状语 He opened the door for her to come in.（作目的状语） Paul is too excited to say anything.（作结果状语） 作主语 常用it作形式主语，而将不定式后置 To learn English well is important. =It is important to learn English well. 作表语 常位于be动词后 Her job is to do the dishes. 作定语 常放在所修饰词的后面作后置定语（如果是不及物动词，则需加介词） I have a lot of books to read. Please give me some paper to write on. 【拓展】特殊结构的不定式 结构 功能 例句 疑问词+动词不定式 作主语 When to go to Beijing hasn't been decided yet. 作宾语 I haven't decided yet when to leave. 作表语 The question is where to find water. 作宾语时，还可转化为宾语从句。如： Can you tell me where to get the scarf ? =Can you tell me where I can get the scarf ? 3.常见可接动词不定式作宾语的动词（词组）（v.+to do sth.） afford负担得起 agree同意 choose选择 continue继续 decide决定 expect期望 fail失败 forget忘记 hope希望 learn学习 like喜欢 manage设法 need需要 plan计划 prefer更喜欢 prepare准备 promise承诺 refuse拒绝 wait等待 want想要［2024.69］ would like想要 4.常见接动词不定式作宾补的动词（v.+sb. to do sth.） advise建议 allow允许 ask要求 expect期望 force强迫 help帮助 invite邀请 teach教 tell告诉 want想要 warn警告 wish希望 encourage鼓励 request要求 order命令 5.动词不定式符号to的省略 （1）在一些使役动词和感官动词之后，要把不定式结构中的to省略，但在变为被动语态时，要把省略的to加上（let除外）。常用的有： 一感： feel 二听： listen to， hear 三让： let， have， make 四看： watch， see， look at， notice 如：The boy's funny action made everyone laugh.=Everyone was made to laugh by the boy's funny action. （2）help后带to不带to均可。如： She still works there once a week to help kids （to） learn to read. （3）当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时，通常只需在第一个不定式处用to，其余不定式的to可以省略。但是，如果两者有对比关系，则后面的不定式to不可省略。如： To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （4）why not…后省略to。如： Why not go with Tom? （5）had better…后省略to。如： We'd better ride a shared bike there. 6.不定式的常见句型 （1）It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.对某人来说做某事是……/某人做某事真是…… （2）It takes/took sb.+一段时间+to do sth.做某事花某人……时间。 （3）It's time to do sth.到做某事的时间了。 （4）It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。 （5）prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 （6）too+adj.+to do sth.太……而不能做某事 （7）adj.+enough to do sth.足够……去做某事 （8）It's one's duty to do sth.做某事是某人的义务。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．There is no need ________ that robots will take the place of us. Humans make them. A．to remind B．to fear C．remind D．fear 2．I advise you ________ anything out of the window while driving. A．to throw B．throwing C．not to throw D．not throwing 3．________ is important for us ________ sports every day. A．It; do B．That; to do C．This; to do D．It; to do 4．Would you mind telling me how ________ English words? A．remember B．remembered C．remembering D．to remember 5．It is raining, so John decides ________ at home. A．stay B．to stay C．stayed D．staying 6．— Why do they hold the activity? — The purpose is ________ for a charity. A．to donate money B．raising money C．donating money D．to raise money 7．Singapore is a good place ________ your English. A．practice B．practicing C．to practice D．practices 8．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 9．Our teacher advises us ________ each other when we are in trouble. A．to help B．helped C．helping D．help 10．Dale, please remind me ________ the windows after school. I’m so forgetful now. A．to closing B．closing C．close D．to close 11．________ the task on time, the workers were working day and night. A．Finishing B．Finish C．To finish D．Finished 12．We should do everything we can ______ the animals in danger. A．save B．to save C．saving D．saved 13．We must do something ________ the left-behind children in rural areas. A．help B．helps C．helping D．to help 14．Although Linda felt sad ________ certain toys, she gave many to children ______. A．to part with, in need B．part with, in need C．part with, of need D．to part with, on need 15．Our English teacher is patient enough ______ much time explaining grammar rules to us. A．spend B．spending C．to spend D．spent 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．We must remember (not put) rubbish into the sea. 2．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me where (park) my car? —Sure. Park it right here. 3．It’s necessary for volunteers (receive) training before doing the tasks. 4．They volunteered (take) care of these homeless people. 5．For thousands of tourists, this small island is a wonderful place (take) a holiday. 6．The signs in the museum warn us (not touch) those works of art. 7．The government did whatever it could ( protect ) people from the war. 8．I’m always ready (help) others. 9．Mr. Brown was too busy working on the project (answer) the question. 10．Mr. Brown made his students (write) letters in English. 一、完形填空 One day, a king was traveling in his own land. He saw a farmer who was working 1 hard that he didn’t notice a snake coiling around (缠绕着) his leg. The king 2 , “Farmer, there is a snake on your leg!” The farmer shook the snake off and 3 his work. The king was surprised 4 this and asked, “Don’t you know that the snake can 5 you? Is your work more important than your life?” The farmer said, “Your Majesty (陛下), 6 I don’t work hard, my family will starve (挨饿) to death! That’s the only thing that I am 7 of.” The king was moved and 8 to reward (奖励) the farmer with a lot of money. A year later, the king met the farmer 9 . The farmer was well dressed and looked a little 10 . The king saw that he had a bandage on his right hand. The king asked him, “What 11 to your hand?” “Your Majesty,” the farmer replied, “my finger was pricked (刺伤) by a thorn (刺) on a pumpkin. Now I need to 12 my hand.” The king was surprised. “When you were 13 , you were not afraid of a snakebite. But now you say that you need to 14 after being pricked by a thorn!” The farmer said, “Your Majesty, perhaps you’ve never 15 the saying: ‘That was then, this is now!’” 1．A．very B．such C．so D．quite 2．A．asked B．shouted C．agreed D．laughed 3．A．stopped B．changed C．continued D．finished 4．A．by B．to C．with D．for 5．A．hurt B．help C．eat D．protect 6．A．unless B．or C．so D．if 7．A．tired B．bored C．afraid D．sad 8．A．refused B．decided C．reported D．believed 9．A．still B．even C．too D．again 10．A．thin B．fat C．short D．tall 11．A．happened B．turned C．returned D．belonged 12．A．look up B．take after C．part with D．take care of 13．A．famous B．poor C．smart D．creative 14．A．work B．rest C．breathe D．hide 15．A．watched B．listened to C．heard D．noticed 二、阅读理解 A The Himalaya Mountains are the largest in the world. They are over 2, 600 kilometers long from Pakistan in the west, to Namcha Barwa of Tibet in China in the east. They have the highest and most dangerous climbing peaks (峰顶) in the world. The most well-known ones are Mount Qomolangma (8, 844.43 meters) and the K2 (8,611 meters). People from all over the world come to Asia to try climbing these huge mountains. Mount Qomolangma is close to Nepal and Tibet of China, and K2 separates the Xinjiang area in the northwest of China from Pakistan. The most difficult peak to climb is K2 not only because of its terrible rocks but also because of the dangerous weather there. The mountain is the tallest in the area and doesn’t have any protection from the wind and storms. The mountains are not just for climbing. Three important rivers come from these mountains. The Indus River, the Gangabrahmaputra River and the Yangtze River all receive water from the snowy peaks of these mountains. The Yangtze River is the largest river in Asia and the third largest in the world. It runs to the east from the Himalayas out to the China Sea. The Himalayas are a reminder of the power and beauty of nature. 16．Where is the east point of the Himalaya mountains? A．Pakistan. B．Namcha Barwa of Tibet. C．Mount Qomolangma. 17．What does the underlined word “separates” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．连接 B．分割 C．排列 18．Why is K2 the most difficult peak to climb? A．Because it makes climbers feel terrible and give up. B．Because it has strongest wind and storms and no water. C．Because it has many terrible rocks and dangerous weather. 19．What is the importance of the Himalaya Mountains? A．They are just for climbing. B．They protect people from the danger. C．They mean the power and beauty of nature. 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Himalayas. B．Qomolangma. C．K2. B As students, taking tests is a part of our life. But do you know how to get ready for tests? 21 Check the details (细节) 22 At the same time, find out if the teacher has a system which can help you write your answers on the test paper more properly. It’s always useful to check which school things you might need, too. Review (复习) methods Reviewing what you have learned before the test can make sure of better grades. 23 First of all, you can create flashcards to test your memory of facts. Besides, you can ask a friend to test you on what you’ve learned. Last but not least, you can create a brainstorm or a mind map. Make preparation 24 Eat healthily and allow lots of time to reach school on the test day. Then you will feel organized and ready, and also remember to take a bottle of water. What’s more, have a positive attitude (积极的态度)—you’ll pass the test! Own your achievements Everyone learns in different ways. The best thing about learning is that it never ends. Use the test result to understand your strong points and weak points. Be proud of the hard work you’ve done. 25 Take it easy and just go for it. A．And there are different ways to review. B．Pack (打包) your bag the night before the test. C．The most important thing is to make you sleep well. D．Now I’ll share some useful ways to prepare for them. E．Check twice when the test will be and how long it will last. F．Hard work and carefulness (仔细) can help you achieve success. 三、语法填空。 It’s Day 45 of our adventure to the South Pole. This is one of the most difficult days I’ve ever had. However, we keep 26 (walk) against the wind and snow to get to the South Pole. This journey has been special even though at times it 27 (feel) like it is never going to end. First, it’s not easy to move over the white snow and ice that feels like an ocean. Sometimes it’s white everywhere and it’s hard to see more than a few 28 (meter) ahead because of storms. Whenever I almost give 29 , I try to think of how Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary overcame (战胜) their difficulties more than 80 years ago. Another challenge of the jourrney is 30 (prepare) food. For example, we have to eat any hot food fast since it gets cold 31 (quick). Sometimes, we just have some sweets and nuts 32 there’s no time to stop for a proper meal. We’ve always made sure that we eat the right food so that we can continue our journey with enough energy. I think the 33 (hard) part is to protect our feet. It would be bad if we couldn’t get to the pole because of accidents. Our team doctor has always helped us and has 34 (keep) us in good shape. This adventure has taught us that we need to challenge 35 (we) before we can succeed. It will feel wonderful to be finally standing at the South Pole. 根据短文内容完成表格，每空限填一词。 Wang Qian was a lovely girl, who didn’t argue (争论) with her parents. But when she became an eighth-grader, things started to change. “We often argue, sometimes because of unimportant things,” she said. Maybe Wang has got the “eighth-grader syndrome (综合症)”. Some experts think eighth-grader usually suffer a lot because of the changes in their body and mind. The lack (缺少) of support is also a possible reason. Wang’s classmate Liu Shijia is an example. “The exams in Grade 8 are more difficult, but my parents still don’t support me,” she said sadly. As eighth-graders enter the rebellious phase (叛逆期), they want to be free and have their own ideas. The survey shows that eighth-graders may try to persuade (说服) their parents when they have different ideas. Wang feels this deeply. She thinks there is nothing wrong with playing with boys, but her parents don’t agree with her. They often argue about this. An expert from Jiangsu gives useful advice to eighth-graders. “First, calm down and pay more attention to your studies. Second, develop what you are interested in and share them with your parents. Finally, learn about your changes and know yourself well. Then try to accept them,” she said. An example Wang Qian 1 argued with her parents before she became an eighth-grader. The problem 1. Eighth-grader syndrome makes some children suffer a lot because 2 are some changes in their body and mind. 2. The lack of support is also a possible reason. 3. Eighth-graders want to be free and have 3 ideas with their parents. Some 4 1. Calm down and pay more attention to your studies. 2. Develop some 5 and share them with your parents. 3. Learn about your changes and know yourself well, then try to accept them. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$