暑假作业01 现在完成时-【暑假分层作业】2025年八年级英语暑假培优练（人教版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业01 现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词 (过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化) 2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型 肯定句 主语+has/have +过去分词+其它. He has finished the work. 一般疑问句 Has/Have + 主语 +过去分词+其它？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+has/have. 否定回答：No,主语 + hasn’t/haven’t. Has he finished the work? 回答 Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t. 否定句 主语+hasn’t/haven’t+过去分词+其它. He has not finished the work. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ has/have +主语 +过去分词+其它？ What has he done? 3. 现在完成时的用法: （1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。   The car has arrived. 车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）   Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） （2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。  My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.  我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。  Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。   How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？ 4. 时间标志词 标志词 词义 例句 already 已经 They have already chosen Li Ping to be the team captain. ever 曾经 Have ever chatted online? 你曾经网上聊过天吗？ never 从未 I have never chatted online. 我从来没有在网上聊天过。 just 刚刚 You have just come back from your hometown. yet 还 Have you handed in your homework yet? 你交作业了吗？ recently 最近 David has made great progress recently. once,twice,a few times 几次 I have been there twice 自2015年以来，我已经去过那里两次 during/in the past＋一段时间 在过去的...时间 Our country has made great achievements during the past decades. 我国在过去几十年中取得了巨大成就。 （1）过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时可以和already(通常用于陈述句), yet(通常用于否定句和疑问句), just（用于陈述句）, ever（用于疑问句）, never（用于否定句）, before, twice, three times等连用。 （2）发生在过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。 表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时（肯定句和疑问句中动词必须用延续性动词）,时间状语有：during/in the past(last) few years , for +时间段, since…ago, since+过去时间点, since+过去式句子，by now, up to now, recently, in recent years… •I have been away from my hometown for three years.(我离开家乡有3年了) = I have been away from my hometown since three years ago. = I have been away from my hometown since 2019. = It is 3 years since I left my hometown. 五、几组辨析 1、already和yet的区别 （1）already. adv. “已经”多用于肯定句中,通常与动词的完成时或进行时连用。　　 ① I’ve seen the film already. 我已经看过这部电影了。 　　② The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。 （2）yet. adv. “已经、仍然、还”一般只用于否定句或疑问句,且常常置于句末。如： ① He hasn’t found his bike yet. 他还没有找到他的自行车。 ②Have you read Treasure Island yet? 你读过《金银岛》？ 【注意】already也可用于疑问句,但不表真心的疑问,而表“惊奇”。它多置于句中。有时为了强调而置于句末。 Have you already had breakfast? 难道你已经吃过早餐了？ 2、since和for的区别 for+时间段: I have worked here for 12 years. since+时间点: I have lived here since 2008. since+一段时间+ago=for +时间段: The film has been on since 10 minutes ago. since +从句（一般过去时）:Two hours have passed since he arrived here. It's+一段时间+since（一般过去时句子）:It's three years since my grandpa died. 3、have been to/have gone to/have been in ①have/has gone to意为“到某地去了”，说话时该人不在现场。一般只用第三人称作主语。 Where is Mr Li? –He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。) ②have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示一种经历，含有“现在已离开那儿”之意，后可接次数（如once， twice，three times等）表示“去过某地几次”，也可和just，never，ever等连用。 I have been to Beijing three times. (我去过那里三次。) ③have been in表示“到某地多长时间了”，常与时间段连用。 He has been in Beijing for ten years. (他在北京呆十年了。) 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 2．—Will you watch the movie NeZha 2 with me together? —Thank you. But I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 3．My uncle is a writer. He ________ many books since he was young. A．writes B．has written C．is writing D．wrote 4．Emma isn’t here. She ________ to Shanghai. She’ll come back tomorrow. A．goes B．was going C．will go D．has gone 5．I met Lily in January and I ________ her since then. A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．haven’t seen D．will see 6．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 7．—I Tom for two years. How is he now? Is he still often ill? —No. He is in excellent condition. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．won’t see 8．Half an hour ________since the train ________. A．has passed; left B．has passed; has left C．passed; has left D．passed; left 9．—Have you finished your science project yet, Danny? —No. I ________ anything useful so far, but I won’t stop trying. A．didn’t invent B．haven’t invented C．won’t invent D．don’t invent 10．In the past few years, the Shanghai government ________ many new subway lines to make transportation more convenient. A．had built B．has built C．built D．has been built 11．—Where is your brother? —He ________ to Shanghai. He ________ back in a week. A．has gone; will come B．has been; has come C．went; came D．went; will come 12．Henry’s grandfather ________ for many years, but Henry still misses him. A．died B．has died C．is dead D．has been dead 13．The meeting ________ at 9:00 AM, and it ________ for three hours. A．began; has been on B．began; has begun C．has begun; was on D．has begun; has been on 14．—I borrowed this dictionary two weeks ago. —You mean you ________ it for only half a month. A．have kept B．have had C．have bought D．have taken 15．—Are you a soccer player in your school? —Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ in the team for two years. A．have joined; have been B．was joined; am C．joined; was D．joined; have been 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．— you (have) breakfast yet? —Yes, I have. 2．My mum (feed) the cat since it came to our house. 3．Great changes (take place) in the last ten years in China. 4．So far, we (hand) out more than 500 leaflets by ourselves. 5．We (not see) that film yet. 6．This is the first time that I (interview) people. 7．Her grandmother (die) for ten years. 8．She got in 1999. That is, she for over twenty years. (marry) 9．—Mum, I want to watch Readers on TV tonight. —Oh, dear, it (begin) for a few minutes. Come on! 10．— May I speak to Nick? — Sorry, he (go) to Paris and will be back in two days. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I was 13, I climbed my first high mountain near where I live in Surrey British Columbia. I was overweight at the time and felt tired when I reached the 1 . But I loved the feeling of overcoming something bigger than myself. Soon I’d climbed nearly 100 2 . Two years ago, on 30 December, my friend Mel Olsen and I drove to Oregon to 3 11,240-foot Mount Hood. That day, we started at 3 a.m.. It was about -10℃. Along the way, we met 4 other climbers, and the four of us continued on together. 5 the final push to the top, my face felt as if it were burning. The other climbers decided to 6 , but Mel and I went ahead. As we went higher, it became 7 to climb on. At around 9 a.m., we reached an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall. I went first. I placed my left foot on the ice step. I was 8 that I was safe, so I put my full weight on it. Suddenly, I heard a sound, and a whole piece of ice broke off the step, right 9 my foot. In a second, I fell backwards. I could hear Mel calling my name as I was rolling down the mountain. After a few seconds, I found I’d fallen 50 feet. Then I checked my body to see 10 I was hurt, starting with my head, then my neck and arms. For the most part, I was fine. But I felt a huge pain in my left leg and 11 move. I shouted for help, and Mel and other climbers came to help me 12 and called Mountain Rescue (救援队). Then 13 took me to a hospital. The doctors told me it would be a year before my leg was well again, but I started climbing again half a year later. The 14 has made me more careful. It 15 made me grow as a person. Since the accident. I’ve climbed another 60 mountains. I’m not going to let one fall stop me from doing my favorite thing. 1．A．top B．bottom C．point D．level 2．A．rocks B．trees C．mountains D．stairs 3．A．fight B．count C．run D．climb 4．A．one B．two C．three D．four 5．A．Before B．After C．Since D．As 6．A．get together B．turn back C．move forward D．walk away 7．A．more interesting B．more difficult C．less interesting D．less difficult 8．A．sure B．worried C．nervous D．lucky 9．A．under B．on C．over D．in 10．A．why B．how C．where D．when 11．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 12．A．suddenly B．immediately C．slowly D．seriously 13．A．we B．he C．they D．it 14．A．fall B．stay C．walk D．help 15．A．again B．also C．never D．almost 二、阅读理解 A Here are four students’ opinions to the books they read. Student Book/Price Introduction of the book Jimmy ¥16.00 Little Women is a classic novel. It tells the story of the four sisters and their lives in New England during the 19th century. Cathy ¥18.40 Tom Sawyer is a famous novel. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a naughty but clever and brave boy. This book presents Tom’s growth journey, which is filled with childlike naivety (天真), adventure, and the pursuit (追求) of freedom. Alex ¥12.80 Alice in Wonderland is a classic full of wonderful and imaginative ideas. A little girl, Alice, chases a talking rabbit and accidentally falls into a rabbit hole, entering a wonderful underground world. Amy ¥20.70 Treasure Island mainly tells about a young boy, Jim Hawkins, who sets out on a thrilling treasure hunt with a group of pirates (海盗) after getting a treasure map. 16．Who read Little Women? A．Alex. B．Jimmy. C．Cathy. 17．Why does Alice enter a wonderful underground world? A．Because she loves rabbit. B．Because she chases a talking rabbit and accidentally falls into a rabbit hole. C．Because she takes his rabbit to school. 18．What can we learn from the books Tom Sawyer and Treasure Island? A．The value of the friendship. B．The advantage of the teamwork. C．The spirit of never giving up. 19．Which books can you buy with 30 yuan? A．Little Women and Alice in Wonderland. B．Tom Sawyer and Alice in Wonderland. C．Alice in Wonderland and Treasure Island. 20．What is the book Tom Sawyer about? A．It’s about four sisters and their lives. B．It’s about a young boy who gets a treasure map. C．It’s about a boy who is naughty but clever and brave. B Guide dogs help blind people with their daily lives. Training a guide dog takes time. 21 Families that train guide dogs are called “puppy raisers”. They will raise the dog and give him a loving home. As the dog grows, he will learn what it is like to live in the world around him. 22 The dog must be brushed every day. He must have fresh water and be fed three times a day. The family also needs to take the dog for walks in the neighborhood. The most important thing is that the family needs to train the dog to take simple orders. 23 He can go into restaurants, supermarkets, and shopping centers. He can also travel on buses and trains. Dogs spend one year with the puppy raisers. Then the family brings the dog to a special school. The dog will learn more there. They will learn to tell when there is a danger. 24 After four months at the school the dog is ready to meet his new owner. They will get to know each other. 25 That’s what a guide dog has learned to do. 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．Taking care of a dog is hard work. B．After learning simple orders, the dog can go everywhere with the family. C．The first step is to make the dog live with a family. D．The dog will then help his new owner move around safely. E．They will also learn to tell when it is safe to cross a street. F．A cat is clever. 三、任务型阅读 Read the article and answer the questions One day, as Debbie was relaxing at home, she suddenly heard a girl shouting, “Help! Please help my little brother!” Without thinking twice, Debbie rushed out. The girl, almost in tears, explained to Debbie that her little brother fell down and cut his arm on the glass. Luckily, Debbie had first aid training at school last week. She calmly said, “We need to stop the bleeding first.” She looked around and found a clean bandage. Then, she gently pressed it onto the boy’s wound. While doing this, she also talked to the boy in a soft voice to make him feel better. She knew how he felt was also important in such a situation. At the same time, she told the boy’s sister to call their parents right away. Not long after, the mother arrived. She was very thankful to Debbie. After thanking her, she took the boy to the nearby hospital. Debbie got a strong feeling of satisfaction. She never thought that the first aid skills she learned at school would be used so soon and that she could help others by herself one day! It made her realize the importance of first aid skills in daily life. 26．What’s the matter with the girl’s little brother? 27．What did Debbie use to stop the boy’s bleeding? 28．Why did Debbie talk to the boy in a soft voice? 29．How did Debbie feel after helping the boy? 30．Do you think first aid training is important? Give a reason. 完成图表, 根据短文内容, 完成图表中所缺信息。 Weight Gain (增加) in Winter For many, winter holidays offer a perfect time to enjoy themselves. This can certainly make it easy to put on weight. “Holiday weight gain isn’t all from celebrating,” says Christina Badaracco, a doctor. Some animals like to eat more to keep warm in cold weather, when food is more valuable (宝贵的). We human beings are just like them in this way. Lots of fresh fruit and vegetables aren’t in season this time of year. As a result, we have to eat richer foods. “In winter, we gel less sunlight and stay inside more,” says Badaracco. This can slow our metabolism (新陈代谢), which plays a role in holiday weight gain. We move less in cold days. People are less active during the winter months. They have less interest in getting outside to exercise or even drive to the gym. It’s reported that more than one-third of the Americans sleep more in winter. What’s more, when the temperature drops, we feel especially cold. So many people like to find comfort in drinks. It’s much easier for them to become fatter. According to a survey, people expected to gain 5.5 pounds over the winter holiday, but a study shows that in fact, most people gained only around 1.5 pounds. “People always think that they will gain more weight over the holidays than they really do, but the weight they do gain over the holidays will keep going up over time if they don’t lose it,” Badaracco says. In fact, a study has found that those weight gains add up over the years. It is completely normal to have weight changes during the whole year. The key is that you take action early to stop it if it continues growing over time. You can make an exercise plan, weigh yourself daily, or find a friend to do exercise with. “It’s more important and useful to set small, slow and proper goals first. Then you can set bigger ones through small wins,” says Badaracco. Weight Gain in Winter Facts about weight gain in winter For many people, winter holidays provide a perfect time for them to enjoy themselves and this makes it easy to put on weight. But holiday weight gain isn’t all from celebrating. 1 for weigh gain in winter •Similar to some animals, we eat more in cold weather Lots of fresh fruit and vegetables aren’t available this time of year and it 2 the richer foods to eat. •We get less sunlight. 3 the warm weather, the cold weather makes us move less. We are less interested in going outside. •Having drinks can make us comfortable. Survey results After the winter holiday, most people gained only about 1.5 pounds unexpectedly 4 gaining more pounds. •They will put more weight if they don’t lose it. Ways to lose holiday weight Make an exercise plan, weigh yourself daily, or find a friend to do exercise with. Badaracco’s opinion: Losing weight should 5 small goals. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业01 现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词 (过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化) 2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型 肯定句 主语+has/have +过去分词+其它. He has finished the work. 一般疑问句 Has/Have + 主语 +过去分词+其它？ 肯定回答：Yes,主语+has/have. 否定回答：No,主语 + hasn’t/haven’t. Has he finished the work? 回答 Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t. 否定句 主语+hasn’t/haven’t+过去分词+其它. He has not finished the work. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ has/have +主语 +过去分词+其它？ What has he done? 3. 现在完成时的用法: （1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。   The car has arrived. 车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）   Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） （2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。  My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.  我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。  Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。   How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？ 4. 时间标志词 标志词 词义 例句 already 已经 They have already chosen Li Ping to be the team captain. ever 曾经 Have ever chatted online? 你曾经网上聊过天吗？ never 从未 I have never chatted online. 我从来没有在网上聊天过。 just 刚刚 You have just come back from your hometown. yet 还 Have you handed in your homework yet? 你交作业了吗？ recently 最近 David has made great progress recently. once,twice,a few times 几次 I have been there twice 自2015年以来，我已经去过那里两次 during/in the past＋一段时间 在过去的...时间 Our country has made great achievements during the past decades. 我国在过去几十年中取得了巨大成就。 （1）过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时可以和already(通常用于陈述句), yet(通常用于否定句和疑问句), just（用于陈述句）, ever（用于疑问句）, never（用于否定句）, before, twice, three times等连用。 （2）发生在过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。 表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时（肯定句和疑问句中动词必须用延续性动词）,时间状语有：during/in the past(last) few years , for +时间段, since…ago, since+过去时间点, since+过去式句子，by now, up to now, recently, in recent years… •I have been away from my hometown for three years.(我离开家乡有3年了) = I have been away from my hometown since three years ago. = I have been away from my hometown since 2019. = It is 3 years since I left my hometown. 五、几组辨析 1、already和yet的区别 （1）already. adv. “已经”多用于肯定句中,通常与动词的完成时或进行时连用。　　 ① I’ve seen the film already. 我已经看过这部电影了。 　　② The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。 （2）yet. adv. “已经、仍然、还”一般只用于否定句或疑问句,且常常置于句末。如： ① He hasn’t found his bike yet. 他还没有找到他的自行车。 ②Have you read Treasure Island yet? 你读过《金银岛》？ 【注意】already也可用于疑问句,但不表真心的疑问,而表“惊奇”。它多置于句中。有时为了强调而置于句末。 Have you already had breakfast? 难道你已经吃过早餐了？ 2、since和for的区别 for+时间段: I have worked here for 12 years. since+时间点: I have lived here since 2008. since+一段时间+ago=for +时间段: The film has been on since 10 minutes ago. since +从句（一般过去时）:Two hours have passed since he arrived here. It's+一段时间+since（一般过去时句子）:It's three years since my grandpa died. 3、have been to/have gone to/have been in ①have/has gone to意为“到某地去了”，说话时该人不在现场。一般只用第三人称作主语。 Where is Mr Li? –He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英国。) ②have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示一种经历，含有“现在已离开那儿”之意，后可接次数（如once， twice，three times等）表示“去过某地几次”，也可和just，never，ever等连用。 I have been to Beijing three times. (我去过那里三次。) ③have been in表示“到某地多长时间了”，常与时间段连用。 He has been in Beijing for ten years. (他在北京呆十年了。) 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 一、单项选择 1．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：林先生办公室的灯还亮着。恐怕他还没有完成工作。 考查现在完成时。根据“The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office.”可知，林先生办公室的灯还亮着，说明他的工作应该还没有完成，句子应用现在完成时。故选C。 2．—Will you watch the movie NeZha 2 with me together? —Thank you. But I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你要和我一起去看《哪吒2》吗？——谢谢。但我已经看过两遍了。 考查现在完成时。根据“But I ...it twice.”可知，此处表达“我已经看了两次了”，需用现在完成时have/has done结构。故选D。 3．My uncle is a writer. He ________ many books since he was young. A．writes B．has written C．is writing D．wrote 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我叔叔是一位作家。他从年轻时起就已经写了很多书。 考查时态。根据“since he was young”可知，是强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时。故选B。 4．Emma isn’t here. She ________ to Shanghai. She’ll come back tomorrow. A．goes B．was going C．will go D．has gone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：艾玛不在这里。她去上海了。她明天会回来。 考查现在完成时。根据“Emma isn’t here.”和“She’ll come back tomorrow.”可知，此处应该表达她去上海了，应用has gone to+地点，是现在完成时，意为“去了某地还未回来”。故选D。 5．I met Lily in January and I ________ her since then. A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．haven’t seen D．will see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我在一月份遇到了莉莉，从那以后我就没见过她。 考查时态。根据“since then”可知，句子要用现在完成时，表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作。肯定结构为have/has done，否定结构为haven’t/hasn’t done。故选C。 6．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好。露西在家吗？——不在，她去图书馆了。她刚才给你留了个口信。 考查时态和短语辨析。has been in在某地待了一段时间；has been to曾经去过某地（现在已不在那里）；has gone to去了某地（还没回来）。根据“No”可知露西不在家，去了图书馆还没回来，第一空用“has gone to”；根据“just now”可知第二空时态是一般过去时，用过去式“left”。故选C。 7．—I Tom for two years. How is he now? Is he still often ill? —No. He is in excellent condition. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．won’t see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我已经两年没见汤姆了。他现在怎么样？还经常生病吗？——没有。他现在身体非常好。 考查现在完成时。根据“for two years”可知，时态为现在完成时have/has + 过去分词结构。故选B。 8．Half an hour ________since the train ________. A．has passed; left B．has passed; has left C．passed; has left D．passed; left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：火车离开已经半小时了。     考查动词时态。此处是since引导的从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，即：第一空表示“半小时已经过去”，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时（has passed）；第二空表示“火车离开”是过去的动作，用一般过去时（left）。故选A。 9．—Have you finished your science project yet, Danny? —No. I ________ anything useful so far, but I won’t stop trying. A．didn’t invent B．haven’t invented C．won’t invent D．don’t invent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Danny，你的科学项目完成了吗？——不。到目前为止，我还没有发明任何有用的东西，但我不会停止尝试。 考查现在完成时。didn’t invent没有发明，一般过去时；haven’t invented还没有发明，现在完成时；won’t invent不会发明，一般将来时；don’t invent不发明，一般现在时。根据“so far”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has + 过去分词，故选B。 10．In the past few years, the Shanghai government ________ many new subway lines to make transportation more convenient. A．had built B．has built C．built D．has been built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，上海政府修建了许多新的地铁线路，使交通更加便利。 考查现在完成时。根据“In the past few years”可知，此处需用现在完成时，谓语动词构成是have/has+过去分词，主语“the Shanghai government”为单数，因此用has built。故选B。 11．—Where is your brother? —He ________ to Shanghai. He ________ back in a week. A．has gone; will come B．has been; has come C．went; came D．went; will come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你弟弟在哪里？——他去上海了。他将在一周后回来。 考查时态。has gone to去了某地，还没回来；has been to去过某地，已经回来。根据“Where is your brother?”可知，第一空表示“去了上海（还没回来）”，需用现在完成时has gone to；第二句“in+一段时间”表将来，应用一般将来时will do结构。故选A。 12．Henry’s grandfather ________ for many years, but Henry still misses him. A．died B．has died C．is dead D．has been dead 【答案】D 【详解】句意：亨利的祖父去世多年了，但亨利仍然想念他。 考查现在完成时的延续性用法。根据“for many years”可知，句子用现在完成时，且动词用延续性动词，die是短暂性动词，对应的延续性动词为be dead，主语是第三人称单数，因此此处现在完成时结构为has been dead。故选D。 13．The meeting ________ at 9:00 AM, and it ________ for three hours. A．began; has been on B．began; has begun C．has begun; was on D．has begun; has been on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：会议上午9点开始，已经持续了3个小时。 考查动词时态辨析。began; has been on一般过去时；现在完成时；began; has begun一般过去时；表述错误；has begun; was on表述错误；has begun; has been on表述错误；现在完成时。began是begin的过去式，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作；has begun是现在完成时结构，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。题干“会议在上午9点开始”是过去的一个具体时间点发生的动作，需用began；has been on表示“持续；进行”，是延续性表达；begin是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的for three hours连用。这里表示会议持续了3个小时要用has been on。故选A。 14．—I borrowed this dictionary two weeks ago. —You mean you ________ it for only half a month. A．have kept B．have had C．have bought D．have taken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我两周前借了这本词典。——你意思是说你只保留了半个月。 考查延续性与非延续性动词。根据“for only half a month.”可知，句子用现在完成时，且动词用延续性动词，排除C、D选项；结合“I borrowed this dictionary two weeks ago.”可知，此处是指保留了词典半个月，borrow的延续性动词是keep。故选A。 15．—Are you a soccer player in your school? —Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ in the team for two years. A．have joined; have been B．was joined; am C．joined; was D．joined; have been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你是你们学校的足球运动员吗？——是的，两年前我加入了足球队。我已经在队里两年了。 考查一般过去时和现在完成时时态。根据“two years ago”可知，动作发生在过去且是主语主动发出，因此排除选项A及选项B；根据“for two years”可知，第二个题空时态为现在完成时，现在完成时的谓语动词形式为have/has done。故选D。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．— you (have) breakfast yet? —Yes, I have. 【答案】Have had 【详解】句意：——你吃早餐了吗？——是的，吃过了。根据答语“Yes, I have.”以及“yet”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“have done”，此句为一般疑问句，主语为“you”，将have放置句首，首字母大写；主语后接过去分词had。故填Have；had。 2．My mum (feed) the cat since it came to our house. 【答案】has fed 【详解】句意：自从猫来到我们家，我妈妈就一直在喂它。根据“since it came to our house”可知，主句应用现在完成时，主语为“My mum”，应填has fed。故填has fed。 3．Great changes (take place) in the last ten years in China. 【答案】have taken place 【详解】句意：在过去的十年中，中国发生了巨大的变化。根据“in the last ten years in China.”可知，该句应该使用现在完成时，主语是changes，应该使用结构have done，故填have taken place。 4．So far, we (hand) out more than 500 leaflets by ourselves. 【答案】have handed 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我们已经亲自分发了500多份传单。根据“So far”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语是we，have handed符合句意，故填have handed。 5．We (not see) that film yet. 【答案】haven’t seen 【详解】句意：我们还没有看过那部电影。根据“yet”可知，本句是现在完成时的否定句，其结构为“have/has not + 动词的过去分词”，主语是“We”，所以助动词用“have”，“have not”的缩写形式为“haven't”，“see”的过去分词是“seen”。故填haven’t seen。 6．This is the first time that I (interview) people. 【答案】have interviewed 【详解】句意：这是我第一次采访别人。根据“This is the first time that”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，结合该句主语是I，所以结构为：have+过去分词，interview的过去分词形式是interviewed，所以此处应该填入have interviewed，作谓语。故填have interviewed。 7．Her grandmother (die) for ten years. 【答案】has been dead 【详解】句意：她的祖母已经去世十年了。根据“for ten years”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，应该用延续性动词，die是短暂性动词，与其对应的延续性动词为be dead，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been dead。 8．She got in 1999. That is, she for over twenty years. (marry) 【答案】 married has been married 【详解】句意：她在1999年结婚。那就是说，她已经结婚20多年了。根据“She got ... in 1999. That is, she ... for over twenty years.”，可知，在第一句中作谓语，get+过去分词可用来表示状态的变化，此处应用过去分词形式，即married；在第二句中作谓语，结合后面的时间状语“for over twenty years ”可知，表示“持续了多长时间”，应用现在完成时，即have+过去分词，表示某种动作或状态从过去持续到现在，且后面接时间段时，谓语应用延续性动词，marry 为实义动词，表示“结婚”，是瞬间动作，应用be married 表示持续的状态，即已婚的状态，be 的过去分词为been。故填married；has been married。 9．—Mum, I want to watch Readers on TV tonight. —Oh, dear, it (begin) for a few minutes. Come on! 【答案】has been on 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今晚想在电视上看《朗读者》。——噢，亲爱的，它已经开始几分钟了。快来！根据“for a few minutes”可知此处应用现在完成时“主语+have/has+done”，动词“begin”是非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用，因此此处需变为“be on”，主语是“it”，助动词应用“has”，“be”需变为过去分词“been”。故填has been on。 10．— May I speak to Nick? — Sorry, he (go) to Paris and will be back in two days. 【答案】has gone 【详解】句意：——我可以和Nick通话吗？——抱歉，他去巴黎了，两天之内会回来。根据语境和“and will be back in 2 weeks.”可知，此题时态为现在完成时:have/has gone to，Nick是第三人称单数。故填has gone。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I was 13, I climbed my first high mountain near where I live in Surrey British Columbia. I was overweight at the time and felt tired when I reached the 1 . But I loved the feeling of overcoming something bigger than myself. Soon I’d climbed nearly 100 2 . Two years ago, on 30 December, my friend Mel Olsen and I drove to Oregon to 3 11,240-foot Mount Hood. That day, we started at 3 a.m.. It was about -10℃. Along the way, we met 4 other climbers, and the four of us continued on together. 5 the final push to the top, my face felt as if it were burning. The other climbers decided to 6 , but Mel and I went ahead. As we went higher, it became 7 to climb on. At around 9 a.m., we reached an ice step. It was about three or four feet tall. I went first. I placed my left foot on the ice step. I was 8 that I was safe, so I put my full weight on it. Suddenly, I heard a sound, and a whole piece of ice broke off the step, right 9 my foot. In a second, I fell backwards. I could hear Mel calling my name as I was rolling down the mountain. After a few seconds, I found I’d fallen 50 feet. Then I checked my body to see 10 I was hurt, starting with my head, then my neck and arms. For the most part, I was fine. But I felt a huge pain in my left leg and 11 move. I shouted for help, and Mel and other climbers came to help me 12 and called Mountain Rescue (救援队). Then 13 took me to a hospital. The doctors told me it would be a year before my leg was well again, but I started climbing again half a year later. The 14 has made me more careful. It 15 made me grow as a person. Since the accident. I’ve climbed another 60 mountains. I’m not going to let one fall stop me from doing my favorite thing. 1．A．top B．bottom C．point D．level 2．A．rocks B．trees C．mountains D．stairs 3．A．fight B．count C．run D．climb 4．A．one B．two C．three D．four 5．A．Before B．After C．Since D．As 6．A．get together B．turn back C．move forward D．walk away 7．A．more interesting B．more difficult C．less interesting D．less difficult 8．A．sure B．worried C．nervous D．lucky 9．A．under B．on C．over D．in 10．A．why B．how C．where D．when 11．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t 12．A．suddenly B．immediately C．slowly D．seriously 13．A．we B．he C．they D．it 14．A．fall B．stay C．walk D．help 15．A．again B．also C．never D．almost 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文介绍了作者的一次爬山时的遇险经历以及影响。 1．句意：当时我超重，到达山顶时感到非常疲惫。 top顶部；bottom底部；point点；level水平。根据“I was overweight at the time and felt tired when I reached the…”可知，作者到达的是山顶，故选A。 2．句意：很快，我几乎爬了100座山。 rocks岩石；trees树木；mountains山；stairs楼梯。根据“Soon I’d climbed nearly 100…”和“my first high mountain”可知，作者爬的是山，故选C。 3．句意：两年前，12月30日，我和我的朋友梅尔·奥尔森开车去俄勒冈州攀登11240英尺高的胡德山。 fight战斗；count计数；run跑步；climb攀登。根据“my friend Mel Olsen and I drove to Oregon to…”和下文可知，作者和朋友的目的是攀登，故选D。 4．句意：一路上，我们遇到了另外两名登山者，我们四个人一起继续前进。 one一；two二；three三；four四。根据“the four of us continued on together”可知，作者遇到了两名登山者，故选B。 5．句意：在最后冲刺到山顶之前，我的脸感觉像在燃烧。 Before在……之前；After在……之后；Since自从；As当……时。根据“the final push to the top, my face felt as if it were burning”和“but Mel and I went ahead.”可知，作者的脸在最后冲刺到山顶之前感到燃烧，这时还没到达山顶，所以用before。故选A。 6．句意：其他登山者决定返回，但我和梅尔继续前进。 get together聚会；turn back返回；move forward前进；walk away走开。根据“but Mel and I went ahead”可知，其他登山者决定返回，故选B。 7．句意：随着我们爬得更高，攀登变得更加困难。 more interesting更有趣；more difficult更困难；less interesting不太有趣；less difficult不太困难。根据“As we went higher, it became…to climb on”可知，攀登变得更加困难，故选B。 8．句意：我确信自己是安全的，所以我全身的重量都压在上面。 sure确信的；worried担心的；nervous紧张的；lucky幸运的。根据“I was…that I was safe”和“so I put my full weight on it.”可知，作者确信自己是安全的，故选A。 9．句意：突然，我听到一声响，一大块冰从台阶上掉了下来，正好在我的脚下。 under在……下面；on在……上面；over在……上方；in在……里面。根据“a whole piece of ice broke off the step, right…my foot”可知，冰块掉在作者的脚下，没有砸到作者，故选A。 10．句意：然后我检查身体看看哪里受伤了，从头部开始，然后是脖子和手臂。 why为什么；how怎样；where哪里；when何时。根据“starting with my head, then my neck and arms”可知，是检查身体哪里受伤了，故选C。 11．句意：但我感到左腿剧痛，无法移动。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could能；couldn’t不能。根据“a huge pain in my left leg”可知，腿疼到无法移动，故选D。 12．句意：我大声呼救，梅尔和其他登山者立即赶来帮助我，并呼叫了山地救援队。 suddenly突然地；immediately立即地；slowly缓慢地；seriously严肃地。根据“came to help me”可知，作者受伤了，所以其他人是立即赶来帮忙，故选B。 13．句意：然后他们把我送到了医院。 we我们；he他；they他们；it它。根据“Mel and other climbers”和“Mel and other climbers came to help”可知，是他们把作者送到医院，故选C。 14．句意：这次坠落让我更加小心。 fall坠落；stay停留；walk行走；help帮助。根据“I’m not going to let one fall stop me from doing my favorite thing.”可知，这次坠落让作者更小心，故选A。 15．句意：它也让我在个人成长方面有所提升。 again再次；also也；never从不；almost几乎。根据“more careful”和“made me grow”可知，此处表示递进，坠落也让作者成长，故选B。 二、阅读理解 A Here are four students’ opinions to the books they read. Student Book/Price Introduction of the book Jimmy ¥16.00 Little Women is a classic novel. It tells the story of the four sisters and their lives in New England during the 19th century. Cathy ¥18.40 Tom Sawyer is a famous novel. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a naughty but clever and brave boy. This book presents Tom’s growth journey, which is filled with childlike naivety (天真), adventure, and the pursuit (追求) of freedom. Alex ¥12.80 Alice in Wonderland is a classic full of wonderful and imaginative ideas. A little girl, Alice, chases a talking rabbit and accidentally falls into a rabbit hole, entering a wonderful underground world. Amy ¥20.70 Treasure Island mainly tells about a young boy, Jim Hawkins, who sets out on a thrilling treasure hunt with a group of pirates (海盗) after getting a treasure map. 16．Who read Little Women? A．Alex. B．Jimmy. C．Cathy. 17．Why does Alice enter a wonderful underground world? A．Because she loves rabbit. B．Because she chases a talking rabbit and accidentally falls into a rabbit hole. C．Because she takes his rabbit to school. 18．What can we learn from the books Tom Sawyer and Treasure Island? A．The value of the friendship. B．The advantage of the teamwork. C．The spirit of never giving up. 19．Which books can you buy with 30 yuan? A．Little Women and Alice in Wonderland. B．Tom Sawyer and Alice in Wonderland. C．Alice in Wonderland and Treasure Island. 20．What is the book Tom Sawyer about? A．It’s about four sisters and their lives. B．It’s about a young boy who gets a treasure map. C．It’s about a boy who is naughty but clever and brave. 【答案】16．B 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C 【解析】本文是四个学生的书评。 16．细节理解题。 根据表格中Jimmy的书籍介绍“Little Women is a classic novel.”可知，Jimmy读了Little Women。故选B。 17．细节理解题。 根据表格中Alex的书籍介绍“Alice in Wonderland is a classic full of wonderful and imaginative ideas. A little girl, Alice, chases a talking rabbit and accidentally falls into a rabbit hole, entering a wonderful underground world.”可知，Alice是因为追逐一只会说话的兔子，不小心掉进了兔子洞，从而进入了一个奇妙的地下世界。故选B。 18．细节理解题。 根据表格中Cathy的书籍介绍“Tom Sawyer is a famous novel. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a naughty but clever and brave boy. This book presents Tom’s growth journey, which is filled with childlike naivety, adventure, and the pursuit of freedom.”和Amy的书籍介绍“Treasure Island mainly tells about a young boy, Jim Hawkins, who sets out on a thrilling treasure hunt with a group of pirates after getting a treasure map.”可知，这两本书都体现了主人公的冒险精神和永不放弃的精神。故选C。 19．细节理解题。 根据表格中书籍的价格：Little Women ¥16.00，Tom Sawyer ¥18.40，Alice in Wonderland ¥12.80，Treasure Island ¥20.70计算可知，Little Women和Alice in Wonderland的总价为16.00 + 12.80 = ¥28.80，总价低于¥30。故选A。 20．细节理解题。 根据表格中Cathy的书籍介绍“Tom Sawyer is a famous novel. It tells the story of Tom Sawyer, a naughty but clever and brave boy.”可知，Tom Sawyer讲述的是一个淘气但聪明勇敢的男孩的故事。故选C。 B Guide dogs help blind people with their daily lives. Training a guide dog takes time. 21 Families that train guide dogs are called “puppy raisers”. They will raise the dog and give him a loving home. As the dog grows, he will learn what it is like to live in the world around him. 22 The dog must be brushed every day. He must have fresh water and be fed three times a day. The family also needs to take the dog for walks in the neighborhood. The most important thing is that the family needs to train the dog to take simple orders. 23 He can go into restaurants, supermarkets, and shopping centers. He can also travel on buses and trains. Dogs spend one year with the puppy raisers. Then the family brings the dog to a special school. The dog will learn more there. They will learn to tell when there is a danger. 24 After four months at the school the dog is ready to meet his new owner. They will get to know each other. 25 That’s what a guide dog has learned to do. 根据短文内容，将下面的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．Taking care of a dog is hard work. B．After learning simple orders, the dog can go everywhere with the family. C．The first step is to make the dog live with a family. D．The dog will then help his new owner move around safely. E．They will also learn to tell when it is safe to cross a street. F．A cat is clever. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 24．E 25．D 【解析】本文介绍了导盲犬的训练过程，包括与寄养家庭生活、学习指令、进入特殊学校深造及最终服务主人的流程。 21．根据“Families that train guide dogs are called ‘puppy raisers’. They will raise the dog…”可知，此处在介绍训练导盲犬的第一步是什么。选项C“第一步是让狗和一个家庭一起生活。”符合语境。故选C。 22．根据“The dog must be brushed every day…fed three times a day…take the dog for walks”可知，此段围绕照顾导盲犬的具体工作展开。选项A“照顾一只狗是一项艰巨的工作。”符合语境。故选A。 23．根据“He can go into restaurants, supermarkets…travel on buses and trains”可知，狗在学会简单指令后能够随家庭去各种场所。选项B“学习简单指令后，狗可以和家庭一起去任何地方。”符合语境。故选B。 24．根据“The dog will learn more there. They will learn to tell when there is a danger”可知，此空需补充狗在学校学习的其他安全技能。选项E“它们还将学会辨别什么时候过马路是安全的。”符合语境。故选E。 25．根据 “After four months at the school the dog is ready to meet his new owner…That’s what a guide dog has learned to do” 可知，导盲犬最终要帮助新主人安全活动。选项D “然后这只狗将帮助它的新主人安全地四处走动。”符合语境。故选D。 三、任务型阅读 Read the article and answer the questions One day, as Debbie was relaxing at home, she suddenly heard a girl shouting, “Help! Please help my little brother!” Without thinking twice, Debbie rushed out. The girl, almost in tears, explained to Debbie that her little brother fell down and cut his arm on the glass. Luckily, Debbie had first aid training at school last week. She calmly said, “We need to stop the bleeding first.” She looked around and found a clean bandage. Then, she gently pressed it onto the boy’s wound. While doing this, she also talked to the boy in a soft voice to make him feel better. She knew how he felt was also important in such a situation. At the same time, she told the boy’s sister to call their parents right away. Not long after, the mother arrived. She was very thankful to Debbie. After thanking her, she took the boy to the nearby hospital. Debbie got a strong feeling of satisfaction. She never thought that the first aid skills she learned at school would be used so soon and that she could help others by herself one day! It made her realize the importance of first aid skills in daily life. 26．What’s the matter with the girl’s little brother? 27．What did Debbie use to stop the boy’s bleeding? 28．Why did Debbie talk to the boy in a soft voice? 29．How did Debbie feel after helping the boy? 30．Do you think first aid training is important? Give a reason. 【答案】26． He fell down and cut his arm on the glass. 27． A clean bandage. 28． To make him feel better. 29．She got a strong feeling of satisfaction. 30．Yes. It can help people handle emergencies quickly and effectively,  saving lives or reducing injuries in time. 【解析】本文讲述了黛比利用在学校学到的急救技能，成功帮助了一个受伤的小男孩止血并安抚他，最终使其得到及时救治。 26．根据“explained to Debbie that her little brother fell down and cut his arm on the glass.”可知她的弟弟摔倒了，胳膊被玻璃割伤了。故填He fell down and cut his arm on the glass. 27．根据“She looked around and found a clean bandage. Then, she gently pressed it onto the boy’s wound”可知她用一个干净的绷带止住了血。故填A clean bandage. 28．根据“While doing this, she also talked to the boy in a soft voice to make him feel better. ”可知她用温柔的声音和男孩说话，让他感觉好些。故填To make him feel better. 29．根据“Debbie got a strong feeling of satisfaction.”可知她有一种强烈的满足感。故填She got a strong feeling of satisfaction. 30．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes. It can help people handle emergencies quickly and effectively, saving lives or reducing injuries in time. 完成图表, 根据短文内容, 完成图表中所缺信息。 Weight Gain (增加) in Winter For many, winter holidays offer a perfect time to enjoy themselves. This can certainly make it easy to put on weight. “Holiday weight gain isn’t all from celebrating,” says Christina Badaracco, a doctor. Some animals like to eat more to keep warm in cold weather, when food is more valuable (宝贵的). We human beings are just like them in this way. Lots of fresh fruit and vegetables aren’t in season this time of year. As a result, we have to eat richer foods. “In winter, we gel less sunlight and stay inside more,” says Badaracco. This can slow our metabolism (新陈代谢), which plays a role in holiday weight gain. We move less in cold days. People are less active during the winter months. They have less interest in getting outside to exercise or even drive to the gym. It’s reported that more than one-third of the Americans sleep more in winter. What’s more, when the temperature drops, we feel especially cold. So many people like to find comfort in drinks. It’s much easier for them to become fatter. According to a survey, people expected to gain 5.5 pounds over the winter holiday, but a study shows that in fact, most people gained only around 1.5 pounds. “People always think that they will gain more weight over the holidays than they really do, but the weight they do gain over the holidays will keep going up over time if they don’t lose it,” Badaracco says. In fact, a study has found that those weight gains add up over the years. It is completely normal to have weight changes during the whole year. The key is that you take action early to stop it if it continues growing over time. You can make an exercise plan, weigh yourself daily, or find a friend to do exercise with. “It’s more important and useful to set small, slow and proper goals first. Then you can set bigger ones through small wins,” says Badaracco. Weight Gain in Winter Facts about weight gain in winter For many people, winter holidays provide a perfect time for them to enjoy themselves and this makes it easy to put on weight. But holiday weight gain isn’t all from celebrating. 1 for weigh gain in winter •Similar to some animals, we eat more in cold weather Lots of fresh fruit and vegetables aren’t available this time of year and it 2 the richer foods to eat. •We get less sunlight. 3 the warm weather, the cold weather makes us move less. We are less interested in going outside. •Having drinks can make us comfortable. Survey results After the winter holiday, most people gained only about 1.5 pounds unexpectedly 4 gaining more pounds. •They will put more weight if they don’t lose it. Ways to lose holiday weight Make an exercise plan, weigh yourself daily, or find a friend to do exercise with. Badaracco’s opinion: Losing weight should 5 small goals. 【答案】1．Reasons 2．leads to 3．Compared with 4．instead of 5．start with 【解析】文章主要探讨冬季体重增加的现象。 1．根据“Similar to some animals, we eat more in cold weather Lots of fresh fruit and vegetables aren’t available this time of year…”可知，表格此部分列举的是冬季体重增加的原因，故填Reasons。 2．根据“Lots of fresh fruit and vegetables aren’t in season this time of year. As a result, we have to eat richer foods.”可知，这里需要表达“导致我们吃更丰盛食物”，主语是it，lead to表示“导致”，且主语是第三人称单数it，故填leads to。 3．根据“the warm weather, the cold weather makes us move less. We are less interested in going outside.”可知，文中将寒冷天气和温暖天气作对比，说明寒冷天气使人活动减少，compared with意为“与……相比”，符合语境。故填Compared with。 4．根据“people expected to gain 5.5 pounds over the winter holiday, but a study shows that in fact, most people gained only around 1.5 pounds.”可知，人们实际增重比预期少，这里需要表达“而不是”。故填instead of。 5．根据“It’s more important and useful to set small, slow and proper goals first.”可知，减肥应该先从设定小目标开始，start with表示“以……开始”，should后接动词原形，故填start with。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$