内容正文:
2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)
Unit 1 Friendship语法知识
必备知识清单
单元语法释疑
形容词的比较级与最高级
一、基本概念
1. 形容词的三个等级
原级(原形):原级也就是单词的原形,主要用于描述事物原本的属性,表达“… 的”这样的含义。例如“tall”,用于描述人或物体具有“高的”这一特征;“beautiful”,用于形容人或事物展现出“美丽的”特质。
比较级:当需要对两个事物进行比较时,就会用到比较级,它表达的是“更…”的意思。比如“taller”,是在比较两者高度时,用来表示其中一方比另一方“更高”;“more beautiful”则是在对两者的美丽程度进行对比时,说明一方比另一方“更美丽”。
最高级:当比较的对象达到三个及以上时,就需要使用最高级,它传达的是“最…”的概念。像“tallest”,在多个对象的高度比较中,用来指出其中“最高的”那一个;“most beautiful”则是在众多对象的美丽程度对比里,表明某一个是“最美丽的”。
二、规则变化
(一)单音节 / 部分双音节形容词
变化规则
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
直接加 -er/-est
tall
taller
tallest
Tom is the tallest in our class.(汤姆是班上最高的。)
以 e 结尾,加 -r/-st
nice
nicer
nicest
This flower is nicer than that one.(这朵花比那朵美。)
辅音 + y → i+er/est
busy
busier
busiest
She is the busiest student today.(她今天是最忙的学生。)
重读闭音节双写辅音字母
big
bigger
biggest
The elephant is bigger than the horse.(大象比马大。)
特殊双音节(-ow/-er 结尾)
narrow
narrower
narrowest
This river is the narrowest of the three.(这条河是三条中最窄的。)
(二)多音节 / 其他双音节形容词(规则:前加 more/most)
例如:
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
beautiful
more beautiful
most beautiful
Lily is more beautiful than Lucy.(莉莉比露西美。)
dangerous
more dangerous
most dangerous
This is the most dangerous animal in the zoo.(这是动物园里最危险的动物。)
(三)不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
good/well
better
best
This book is better than that one.(这本书比那本好。)
bad
worse
worst
The weather today is worse than yesterday.(今天天气比昨天差。)
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
He is my elder brother.(他是我哥哥。)(elder 仅用于家人)
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
I can run farther than you.(我比你跑得远。)
三、核心用法
(一)比较级(专门用于两者之间的对比情况)
1.标志词:在使用比较级进行两者对比时,常见的标志词有“than”,它直接表明前后两者存在比较关系;“of the two”,用于从特定的两者之中进行比较选择;“Which...A or B?”这种特殊疑问句形式,也是在两者 A 和 B 之间进行比较,询问哪一个更具某种特性。
[示例分析]
“Lucy is taller than Lily.”,此句清晰地表明在露西和莉莉这两人之间,露西的身高比莉莉更高。
“This is the better one of the two pens.”,该句指出在这两支笔当中,所提及的这支是更好的那一支。
2. 修饰词强化:为了更精确地描述两者之间的差异程度,会用到一些修饰词,如“much/a little/a bit/even/still”,它们能够加强比较级的程度。例如“ The cake is much sweeter than candy.”,这里“much”的使用,强调了蛋糕比糖果甜的程度差距较大,即蛋糕比糖果甜得多。
(二)最高级(适用于三者及以上的比较场景)
1. 标志词:当涉及到三者及以上的比较时,常用标志词有“in”,后面接范围,明确在某个特定范围里进行比较;“of”,后接群体,表示从某一群体中进行比较;“one of...”,用于表达在众多事物当中,某一个是具有某种特性的其中之一。
[示例分析]
“She is the tallest in our class.”,意思是在整个班级这个范围内,她的身高是最高的。
“This is one of the most interesting books I’ve read.”,此句表明在“我”读过的众多书籍里,这本书是最有趣的书籍之一。
2.注意事项:在使用最高级时,需要特别注意,一般情况下,最高级前必须加“the”,以体现其唯一性和特定性。然而,当句子中有物主代词时,就不需要再加“the”了。例如“He is my the best friend.”这种表述是错误的,因为物主代词“my”已经对“best friend”进行了限定,所以正确的表述应该是“He is my best friend.” 。
(三)特殊句型
在英语的学习中,存在一些特殊句型,它们有着独特的表达意义和用法。其中比较典型的两种特殊句型如下:
1. 比较级 + and + 比较级(越来越…):此句型用于描述事物随着时间或其他因素的发展,在程度上不断加深的变化。例如:“The weather is getting warmer and warmer.” 这句话生动地描绘出天气逐渐变暖的过程,其中 “warmer and warmer” 就直观地传达出 “越来越暖” 的意思,让我们清晰地感受到天气变化的趋势。
2.The + 比较级,the + 比较级(越…,越…):该句型通常用于表示两个事物之间的比例关系,即一个事物的变化会导致另一个事物相应地发生变化。例如:“The harder you study, the better grades you’ll get.” 它清晰地表明了学习努力程度与所取得成绩之间的关联,意味着付出越多的努力,就会获得越好的成绩,这种表达简洁而有力地揭示了两者之间的因果联系。
四、易错警示(八年级高频错误)
1.比较对象一致性
[错误示例]My room is bigger than my sister.
此句错误原因在于比较对象不一致,房间不能直接与姐姐进行比较,两者属于不同类型的事物。
[正确示例]My room is bigger than my sister’s.
这里“my sister’s”实际上等同于“my sister’s room”,这样就保证了比较的是两个房间,使比较对象一致。
2.最高级范围表达
[正确示例]He is the tallest in his family.
在表达最高级时,“in + 范围”,比如这里“in his family”表示在家庭这个范围里;“of + 群体”,是另一种常见的搭配,用于明确范围。
3.多音节词比较级形式
[错误示例]This story is importanter than that one.
“important”是多音节词,不能直接在词尾加“ er”构成比较级。
[正确示例]This story is more important than that one.
多音节词的比较级通常是在词前加“more”,以此来正确表达比较关系。
核心知识回顾
比较状语从句简析
比较状语从句用于比较两个事物的性质、程度或动作,通常由 than 或 as...as 引导,从句中常省略与主句重复的部分。
一、核心结构与用法
1. 同级比较:as + 原级 + as(和…… 一样)
肯定句:A + be / 动词 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B.
→ Lily is as tall as her sister.(莉莉和她姐姐一样高。)
→ He runs as fast as a deer.(他跑得和鹿一样快。)
否定句:A + be / 动词 + not + as/so + 原级 + as + B.
→ This book is not as interesting as that one.(这本书不如那本有趣。)
2. 比较级:比较级 + than(比…… 更)
结构:A + be / 动词 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than + B.
→ Tom is more active than his brother.(汤姆比他哥哥更活跃。)
→ She speaks English better than me.(她英语说得比我好。)
比较级规则变化:
单音节词:+er(tall→taller, short→shorter)。
多音节词:more + 原级(beautiful→more beautiful, carefully→more carefully)。
不规则变化:good/well→better, bad/badly→worse, far→farther/further。
3. 最高级:the + 最高级 + 比较范围
结构:A + be / 动词 + the + 形容词 / 副词最高级 + (in/of/among 范围).
→ She is the most honest student in our class.(她是我们班最诚实的学生。)
→ This is the worst movie I've ever seen.(这是我看过最差的电影。)
二、注意事项
1.比较对象一致性
比较的双方需为同类事物,避免逻辑错误。
Her hair is longer than mine(= my hair).
Her hair is longer than I.(错误:头发和人不能比较)
2.修饰比较级的副词
可用 much, a little, even, far 等修饰比较级,加强程度。
→ He is much taller than he was last year.(他比去年高多了。)
→ This problem is a little more difficult than that one.(这个问题比那个稍难一点。)
3.隐含比较的情况
有时比较对象通过语境暗示,无需明确写出。
→ I studied harder to get better grades.(隐含:比之前更努力)
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.—Your sister seems ________ than before. She used to be shy.
—Yes. She has changed a lot. She is more active in class now.
A.outgoing B.more outgoing C.shy D.shyer
2.—Oh, no! I have to lose weight. The sweater doesn’t fit me. Could you show me a _________ one?
—Just a second.
A.bigger B.biggest C.smaller D.smallest
3.May plans to have ________ study in Britain, so she’d like to get ________ information about the schools there.
A.farther; many B.farther; more C.further; many D.further; more
4.—Look at that toy truck. It’s so beautiful.
—Yes. It looks like a real one. It’s just ________.
A.big B.bigger C.small D.smaller
5.If you want to make ________mistakes in your work, you________be careful.
A.a few; must B.fewer; need C.a few; may D.fewer; must
6.Amy learns ________ about pets than before because she often helps at the animal centre.
A.little B.much C.less D.more
7.After entering the cave, the crew members walked even ________ to avoid the sharp rocks.
A.careful B.more careful C. carefully D.more carefully
8.—The fruit-cake looks ________.
—Yes, and it tastes a lot ________.
A.good; better B.good; worse C.well; good D.better; good
9.— Which game do you like to watch better, football or baseball?
— Football. I think it’s ________.
A.excited B.exciting C.more excited D.more exciting
10.I like doing sports. I think swimming is ________ than skiing.
A.easy B.easier C.easiest D.the easiest
11.To save the earth, we’d better use less water and plant ________ trees.
A.many B.more C.few D.fewer
12.The population of Beijing is ________ than that of Tianjin.
A.large B.larger C.largest D.the largest
13.— The air isn’t fresh these days. That’s terrible.
— Yes. I hope people can plant trees. ________ trees, ________ air pollution.
A.The more; the more B.The more; the less
C.The fewer; the less D.The fewer; the fewer
14.—Mum, I feel much ________ now and I can go to school tomorrow.
—Ok, dear. I can drive you to school.
A.good B.worse C.better D.the best
15.I think I made a wrong decision to stay here. The weather in Wuhan is ________ hotter than that in my hometown.
A.very B.quite C.much D.even
16.This book is ________ better than that one.
A.even B.a lot of C.very D.many
17.—I have tried my best, but it’s still not so good.
—If you don’t ________ these things seriously, the results will be ________ worse.
A.bring; more B.take; even C.make; much D.take; a lot of
18.Someone says “Time is money”. But I think time is ________ than money.
A.very more important B.more much important
C.much more important D.much least important
19.Mary’s Clothes Store is one of ________ stores in town.
A.the most cheaply B.the cheapest C.the most cheap D.the cheapliest
20.— Mary is one of ________ students in our class.
— She is as ________ as her friends.
A.friendlier; the friendliest B.friendly; friendliest
C.friendliest; friendlier D.the friendliest; friendly
21.Yesterday we all went shopping. I had ________ money so I bought ________ things.
A.the least; the fewest B.the fewest; the least C.less; fewer D.fewer; less
22.Shanghai is the first ________ famous city in China. It covers an area of 6,340 square kilometres.
A.most B.more C.least D.less
23.The bridge crosses the river at its ________ point.
A.narrow B.narrower
C.the narrowest D.narrowest
24.Quan Hongchan did well in the Asian Games. I think she is one of __________ players in the world.
A.talented B.more talented
C.most talented D.the most talented
25.I think Her Story is the ________ movie of all the movies this year.
A.meaningful B.more meaningful C.most meaningful D.less meaningful
26.Of all the subjects I’ve studied this year, English is ________ because it allows me to express Chinese culture and stories well to the world by using this language.
A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting
27.—Guess what? The company has accepted my application.
—Wow! That’s ________ news I’ve heard this year, Wilson! Congratulations!
A.a worse B.a better C.the worst D.the best
28.— Kitty, how much do you know about The Book of Songs?
— It is the ________ collection of poems in China and the beginning of China’s poetry tradition.
A.earlier B.earliest C.later D.last
29.Sun Cinema has ________ seats of all the cinemas in the city.
A.comfortable B.more comfortable C.most comfortable D.the most comfortable
30.Of all the four restaurants, I think Blue Ocean has ________ service.
A.more friendly B.the more friendly C.the most friendly D.more much friendly
31.Qian Xuesen is one of ________ scientists in China.
A.famous B.more famous C.most famous D.the most famous
32.The Fuxing high-speed train is one of ________ trains in the world.
A.modern B.more modern C.most modern D.the most modern
33.Wuhu is one of ________ cities in China, so many people like to travel here.
A.very beautiful B.much beautiful C.more beautiful D.the most beautiful
34.Yunhe Park is one of ________ parks in our city.
A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful
35.Suining is one of ________ cities in China. More and more people come to visit it.
A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular
36.—Jim is one of ________ students in our class.
—I agree. He is as ________ as my elder brother.
A.taller; tallest B.taller; tall C.the tallest; taller D.the tallest; tall
37.As we all know, the Yellow River is the second ________ river in China. It’s called “Mother River” of China.
A.longest B.longer C.long D.much longer
38.The Dongting Lake is ________ lake in China.
A.second largest B.second large C.the second largest D.largest
39.Among the four girls, Lily is the third ________.
A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest
40.Nanjing isn’t ________ large as Shanghai. But it’s the second ________ city in East China.
A.like; largest B.as; largest C.as; larger D.like; large
41.The Yellow River is the ________ river in China.
A.second B.second long C.longest D.second longest
42.Our city is _________ city in China.
A.second biggest B.the second biggest C.second the biggest D.the second big
43.—Good news! Xie Zhenye came first in the men’s 100-meter race of the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games.
—Yes. There is ________ more exciting than this piece of news.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
44.China is larger than ________ in Africa.
A.any other country B.other country C.any country D.the other country
45.Mount Mao is more famous than ________ in Jurong.
A.any other tourist attraction B.any other tourist attractions
C.the other tourist attraction D.any tourist attraction
二、单词拼写
46.The coat is too big. Do you have a (small) one?
47.I think he can jump (far) of us all and he will go abroad (在国外) for (far) study.
48.The (care) you do your homework, the more mistakes you will make.
49.Streets will be much (crowd) in the future.
50.—Which of the skirts do you prefer?
—I think I prefer (short) one of the two.
51.The hotel is much (comfort) to stay in, next time we will change another one.
52.Which day was (hot), today or yesterday?
53.Thanks to technology development, nowadays class has become much (live) to students.
54.It made me (feel) much (wet) because it rained a lot these days.
55.The more people there are, the (little) space there is.
56.The more exercise you take , the (healthy)you will be.
57.Playing computer games is (exciting) than watching movies on TV.
58.The higher the mountain is, the (thin) the air is.
59.He is one of the (friendly) people in the class, I think.
60.Yancheng Nature Reserve is also one of the world's (important) wetlands.
61.Of all the girls my sister had (little) rice.
62.In my town, of all the movie theaters, the Movie World is (popular).
63.We all think it is (danger) job in the world.
64.Of all the clothes stores, Star Clothes Store is (cheap) one.
65.The (three) longest river in the world is the Yangtze River.
66.This is (good) jacket in our shop and it is also the most expensive.
67.Of the winters in recent years, it is said that last winter was the (cold) one.
68.Mo Yan is one of the (great) writers in China.
69.Friends are those who see you at your (bad), and still take you as you are.
70.He is one of the (excellent) students I have ever taught.
三、完成句子
71.你越勤奋,在学业上就能做得越好。
The more you are, the you can do in your schoolwork.
72.他们大声地为我们欢呼加油,我们感到更有信心赢得比赛了。
They cheer us on loudly and we feel to win the game.
73.安擅长数学,我比她更擅长数学。
Ann is maths. I’m maths than her.
74.我的朋友Jack比我工作更加努力。
My friend Jack is than me.
75.尽管越来越困难,他依然保持冷静。
Although it was getting more and , he still kept calm.
76.人工智能在我们的日常生活中发挥着越来越大的作用。
AI is playing a bigger and in our everyday life.
77.长江是中国最长的河流。 (根据汉语完成译句)
The Yangtze River is longer than any in China.
78.今天比昨天冷得多。
It is much today it was yesterday.
79.澳大利亚的海滩比其他任何国家的都多。
Australia has more beaches than .
80.Tom是我们班最高的学生。
Tom is taller than our class.
81.我认为农村还比城市安静得多。
I think the countryside is the city, too.
82.新电脑的运行速度比旧电脑快得多,这会节省我很多时间。
The working speed of the new computer is that of the old one. It saves me a lot of time.
83.我认为玫瑰是所有花中最好看的。
I think roses are all the flowers.
84.对中学生来说,最重要的事是保持健康和努力学习。
The thing is to healthy and hard for the middle school students.
85.我认为最重要的事是保持健康。
I think is to keep healthy.
86.你 (在那儿) 可以坐得最舒服,因为它们有最大的座位。
You can sit because they have seats.
87.你能坐得最舒服,因为它们有最大的座位。
You can sit because they have seats.
88.电影城有最糟糕的服务。
Movie City has the .
89.西塞山是黄石最漂亮的地方之一
The Xisai mountain is one of in Huangshi.
90.中秋节是中国最为重要的节日之一。
Mid-Autumn Day is one of in China.
参考答案
一、
1.B
【解析】句意:——你姐姐似乎比以前更外向了。她过去很害羞。——是的。她改变了很多,现在在课堂上更活跃了。
考查形容词。outgoing外向的;more outgoing更外向的;shy害羞的;shyer更害羞的。根据“than before”和“She used to be shy”可知,此处是比较级结构,表示“比以前更外向”,故选B。
2.A
【解析】句意:——哦,不!我必须减肥了。这件毛衣不适合我。你能给我拿一件大一点的吗?——稍等一下。
考查形容词比较级和形容词辨析。big大的;small小的。根据“Could you show me a…one?”可知,此处要用形容词比较级,结合“I have to lose weight.”可知,是需要大一点的。故选A。
3.D
【解析】句意:May打算去英国深造,所以她想了解更多关于那里学校的信息。
考查形容词辨析和形容词比较级。farther更远的,表示实际空间上的距离;further更进一步的,表示程度上的更进一步;many许多的,形容词原级;more更多的,形容词比较级。further study“深造”,第一个空用further;根据“May plans to have…study in Britain”可知,此处指想获得更多的信息,用比较级more。故选D。
4.D
【解析】句意:——看那辆玩具卡车。太美了。——是的。它看起来像一个真的卡车。它只是小一点。
考查形容词比较级。big大的,形容词原级;bigger更大的,形容词比较级;small小的,形容词原级;smaller更小的,形容词比较级。根据“Look at that toy truck.”以及“It looks like a real one.”可知,此处指玩具卡车比真的卡车小,应用形容词比较级,应用smaller。故选D。
5.D
【解析】句意:如果你想在工作中犯更少的错误,你必须小心。
考查形容词比较级和情态动词。a few一些,修饰可数名词复数,表示肯定意义;fewer更少的,few的比较级,修饰可数名词复数;must必须;need需要;may可能。根据“If you want to make...mistakes in your work”可知,此处想要表达“更少的错误”,所以第一空应填fewer;再根据句意可知,想要犯更少的错误,必须要小心,所以第二空应填must。故选D。
6.D
【解析】句意:因为经常在动物中心帮忙,Amy比以前学到了更多关于宠物的知识。
考查形容词比较级。little几乎没有;much许多;less更少的;more更多的。根据“than before”可知用比较级,结合“because she often helps at the animal centre”可知经常在动物中心帮忙,学到了更多关于宠物的知识。故选D。
7.D
【解析】句意:进入洞穴后,队员们行走更加小心,避开锋利的岩石。
考查副词的用法和比较级。careful小心的,形容词;more careful更小心的,比较级;carefully小心地,原级;more carefully更小心地,副词比较级。根据“walked even”可知,此处用副词修饰动词,排除A和B;even修饰副词的比较级,故选D。
8.A
【解析】句意:——水果蛋糕看起来不错。——是的,而且尝起来味道更好。
考查形容词的用法、形容词辨析和比较级。good好的,形容词;well好,副词;better更好的,比较级;worse更差的,比较级。第一个空作looks的表语用形容词,且无比较之意,故第一个空用原级good,排除CD;根据“The fruit-cake looks good”以及“it tastes a lot”可知它尝起来更好,用better。故选A。
9.D
【解析】句意:——你更喜欢看哪场比赛,足球还是棒球? ——足球。我认为这更令人兴奋。
考查形容词辨析和形容词比较级用法。excited感到兴奋的;exciting令人兴奋的。根据“Which game do you like to watch better”可知,此处填形容词比较级;句子主语是“football”,描述事物令人兴奋用exciting。故选D。
10.B
【解析】句意:我喜欢做运动。我认为游泳比滑雪更容易。
考查形容词比较级。easy容易的,形容词原级;easier更容易的,形容词比较级;easiest最容易的,形容词最高级;the easiest最容易的,the+形容词最高级。根据“than”可知此处应用形容词比较级形式。故选B。
11.B
【解析】句意:为了拯救地球,我们最好节约用水,多种树。
考查形容词辨析和比较级。many很多;more更多;few几乎没有;fewer更少的。根据“use less water and plant...trees”可知是使用更少的水,多种树,故此处用比较级more。故选B。
12.B
【解析】句意:北京的人口比天津的人口多。
考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知,应使用形容词比较级形式,large的比较级是larger。故选B。
13.B
【解析】句意:——这些天的空气很不新鲜。太糟糕了。——是的。我希望人们能多种树。树越多,空气污染越少。
考查形容词比较级。more更多的;less较少的,后接不可数名词;fewer较少的,后接可数名词复数形式。“the+比较级,the+比较级”是固定句式,表示“越……越……”,trees为可数名词复数形式,pollution为不可数名词,根据常识可知,树越多,空气污染越少。故选B。
14.C
【解析】句意:——妈妈,我现在感觉好多了,明天我可以去上学了。——好的,亲爱的。我可以开车送你去学校。
考查形容词辨析和比较级。good好的;worse更糟糕的;better更好的;the best最好的。根据“I feel much”可知,空格处应用形容词比较级。由“and I can go to school tomorrow”可知,应是感觉更好了。故选C。
15.C
【解析】句意:我想我留在这里是一个错误的决定。武汉的天气比我家乡的热得多。
考查副词辨析及副词修饰比较级的用法。very很,通常不能修饰比较级;quite相当;通常不能修饰比较级;much很:程度很深或范围很大地;even (用以加强比较) 甚至更,修饰比较级。根据“The weather in Wuhan is ... hotter than that in my hometown.”可知,此处修饰比较级,表示“热得多”,所以填much。故选C。
16.A
【解析】句意:这本书比那本书甚至更好。
考查比较级修饰词。even甚至;a lot of许多;very非常;many许多。better为比较级,even可修饰比较级,放其前面。故选A。
17.B
【解析】句意:——我已经尽力了,但还是不太好。——如果你不认真对待这些事情,结果会更糟。
考查动词辨析和副词辨析。bring带来;take接受;make制作;more更多;even甚至;much更;a lot of许多。根据“If you don’t...these things seriously”和选项可知,本题考查短语take...seriously“认真对待……”;再者根据“worse”可知,副词even/much可修饰比较级,故选B。
18.C
【解析】句意:有人说“时间就是金钱”。但是我认为时间比金钱重要得多。
考查形容词比较级。根据“But I think time is … than Money.”并结合语境可知,此处是说认为时间比金钱重要得多,需要填形容词比较级形式。important的比较级是more important,且“much”可以修饰比较级,表示“……得多”。故选C。
19.B
【解析】句意:玛丽服装店是镇上最便宜的商店之一。
考查形容词最高级的用法。由“is one of”可知,此空用形容词最高级,cheap最高级形式为:the cheapest最便宜的。故选B。
20.D
【解析】句意:——玛丽是我们班最友好的学生之一。——她和她的朋友一样友好。
考查形容词原级和最高级。friendlier更友好的,形容词比较级; the friendliest最友好的,形容词最高级;friendly友好的,形容词原级。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数,表示“最……的……之一……”,第一空应用形容词最高级。as ... as和……一样,中间用形容词原级。故选D。
21.A
【解析】句意:昨天我们都去购物了。我有最少的钱,所以我买了最少的东西。
考查形容词辨析及形容词的最高级。less是little的比较级,least是little的最高级,修饰不可数名词;fewer是few的比较级,fewest是few的最高级,修饰可数名词。money是不可数名词,应用“less”或“least”修饰,排除选项B和D;根据“all”可知应用最高级。故选A。
22.A
【解析】句意:上海是中国第一个最著名的城市。它占地6340平方公里。
考查形容词的最高级。most最多的;more更多的;least最少的;less更少的。根据“Shanghai is the first...famous city in China.”可知,此处为“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”的用法,意为“第……最……的……”,famous的最高级为most famous“最著名的”。故选A。
23.D
【解析】句意:这座桥在河流最窄的地方跨过。
考查形容词的最高级用法。narrow“窄的”;narrower“更窄的”;the narrowest“最窄的”;narrowest“最窄的”。根据“The bridge crosses the river”及常识可知,桥一般在河床最窄的地方跨过,所以用形容词最高级,空前有限定词,所以省略定冠词the。故选D。
24.D
【解析】句意:全红婵在亚运会上做得很棒。我认为她是世界上最有天赋的运动员之一。
考查one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数的结构。one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数+范围,意为“在某个范围内最……的……之一”,符合语境,所以此处应用the+形容词最高级,故选D。
25.C
【解析】句意:我认为《她的故事》是今年所有电影中最有意义的电影。
考查形容词最高级。meaningful有意义的,形容词;more meaningful比较有意义的,形容词比较级;most meaningful最有意义的,形容词最高级;less meaningful更无意义的,形容词比较级。根据“the...movie of all the movies this year.”可知,此处表达所有电影中最有意义的电影,应用最高级形式,the+最高级+比较范围。故选C。
26.D
【解析】句意:在我今年学习的所有学科中,英语是最有趣的,因为它能让我用这种语言很好地向世界表达中国文化和故事。
考查形容词最高级用法。根据“Of all the subjects”可知,此处是三者以上的比较,要用最高级,最高级前常加the。故选D。
27.D
【解析】句意:——你猜怎么着?公司已经接受了我的申请。——哇!这是我今年听到的最好的消息,威尔逊!恭喜你!
考查形容词最高级。根据“this year”可知,此处应用形容词的最高级;根据“Congratulations!”可知,在恭喜对方,说明是最好的消息,此处应用the best。故选D。
28.B
【解析】句意:——基蒂,你对《诗经》了解多少?——它是中国最早的诗歌集,也是中国诗歌传统的开端。
考查比较等级及形容词辨析。earlier更早的;earliest最早的;later稍后;last最后的。“the”后接最高级,结合常识可知,《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌总集,此处用“earliest”。故选B。
29.D
【解析】句意:太阳电影院有这个城市所有电影院中最舒服的座位。
考查形容词的最高级。根据“of all the cinemas in the city”可知此处应用形容词的最高级修饰名词seats,comfortable的最高级为the most comfortable。故选D。
30.C
【解析】句意:在所有四家餐厅中,我认为Blue Ocean的服务最友好。
考查形容词最高级的用法。more friendly更友好的,形容词比较级;the more friendly更友好的,形容词比较级;the most friendly最友好的,形容词最高级;more much friendly为错误形式。根据“Of all the four restaurants”可知,该句比较四个餐馆的服务,使用最高级形式。故选C。
31.D
【解析】句意:钱学森是中国最著名的科学家之一。
考查形容词最高级用法。根据“Qian Xuesen is one of...”可知此处考查one of the+最高级+名词复数表示“最……之一”。故空处应使用形容词最高级形式。最高级前加the。故选D。
32.D
【解析】句意:复兴号高速列车是世界上最现代化的列车之一。
考查最高级。modern“现代的”,形容词;more modern“更现代的”,比较级;most modern“最现代的”,最高级。根据one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”可知,此处应用the+形容词最高级。故选D。
33.D
【解析】句意:芜湖是中国最美丽的城市之一,所以很多人喜欢在这里旅游。
考查形容词最高级。根据“one of...cities in China”可知,本句是固定句型one of the+形容词最高级+比较范围,表示“……中最……之一”,所以此处用最高级the most beautiful。故选D。
34.D
【解析】句意:云河公园是我们城市最美丽的公园之一。
考查形容词最高级。根据“one of … parks”可知,此处考查one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”,固定搭配。故选D。
35.D
【解析】句意:遂宁是中国最受欢迎的城市之一。越来越多的人前来参观。
考查形容词最高级。popular受欢迎的,形容词原级;more popular更受欢迎的,比较级;most popular最受欢迎的,最高级;the most popular最受欢迎的。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”为固定用法,表示“最……的之一”,故选D。
36.D
【解析】句意:——吉姆是我们班上最高的学生之一。——我同意。他和我哥一样高。
考查形容词的原级和最高级。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”,第一空应用形容词的最高级,排除A和B;as+形容词原级+as表示“和……一样……”,第二空应用形容词的原级。故选D。
37.A
【解析】句意:我们都知道,黄河是中国第二长河。它被称为中国的“母亲河”。
考查形容词最高级。根据“We all know that the Yellow River is the second …river in China.”和选项可知,此处指“黄河是中国第二长河”,结构为“the+序数词+形容词最高级”,故选A。
38.C
【解析】句意:洞庭湖是中国第二大湖。
考查最高级。根据“...lake in China”可知是中国第二大湖,用结构“the+序数词+最高级”,表示“第几最……的”。故选C。
39.C
【解析】句意:在四个女孩中,莉莉是第三高的。
考查形容词最高级。tall高的;taller更高的,比较级;tallest最高的,最高级;the tallest最高的,the+最高级。根据“the third”可知此处应用最高级形式,但不需要定冠词the。故选C。
40.B
【解析】句意:南京没有上海那么大。但它是中国东部第二大城市。
考查形容词原级和最高级的用法。根据“Nanjing isn’t...large as Shanghai.”可知,此处是同级比较,应用“not+so/as+形容词原级+as”,意为“不如……”;根据“But it’s the second...city in East China.”可知,此处为“序数词+最高级+名词”,表示“第几最……”,应用最高级largest。故选B。
41.D
【解析】句意:黄河是中国第二长河。
考查最高级。此处是结构“the+序数词+形容词最高级+n.”,表示“第几最……的……”。故选D。
42.B
【解析】句意:在中国,我们的城市是第二大城市。
考查形容词最高级。in China在中国,较大范围要用最高级;序数词可以和最高级一起修饰名词,其结构为“the+序数词+最高级+名词”。根据句意结构,故选B。
【点睛】本题需注意两点:①big是重读闭音节形容词,最高级需要双写辅音字母g,再加-est;②在使用“the+序数词+最高级+名词”这一结构时不要忘记定冠词the。
43.D
【解析】句意:——好消息!谢震业在第19届杭州亚运会男子100米比赛中获得第一名。——是的。没有什么比这条消息更令人兴奋的了。
考查不定代词。something某事;anything任何事;everything一切;nothing没什么事。根据“more exciting than this piece of news”可知,此处用否定词+比较级,表示“没有比……更……的了”,表达的是最高级的概念,故选D。
44.C
【解析】句意:中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。
考查比较级和代词的用法。any other任何其他,后加单数名词,表示在同一个范围内比较;other其他的,后常加名词复数;any任何一个,后加单数名词,表示不在同一个范围内比较;the other(两者中)另一个。分析题干可知,此处表示中国比非洲任何一个国家都大,中国不在非洲的范围内,所以此处应用any country。故选C。
45.A
【解析】句意:茅山比句容的其他任何旅游景点都更有名。
考查形容词比较级的用法。比较级表最高级意义的形式有:比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数,比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数;选项B和C的数不对,故排除。根据常识可知,茅山在句容的范围内,茅山不能和本身比较,应用“比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数”结构。故选A。
二、
46.smaller
【解析】句意:这件外套太大了。你有一件小一点的吗?根据“The coat is too big”可知,此处暗含比较的意思,表示一件小一些的外套。smaller“更小的”。故填smaller。
47. farthest/furthest further
【解析】句意:我认为他在我们所有人中能跳得最远,并且,他将去国外进一步学习。根据“I think he can jump...of us all and he will go abroad (在国外) for...study.”可知,第一空强调距离上跳得最远,所以,farthest/furthest“最远地”都符合题意;第二空强调的是“进一步的学习”,只有further“进一步的”符合题意。故填farthest/furthest;further。
48.more carelessly/less carefully
【解析】句意:你做作业越不认真,你会犯的错误就越多。根据后文“the more mistakes you will make.”可知本题考查“the +比较级,the +比较级”结构。空格处修饰的是动词“do your homework”,应用副词修饰。“care”对应的副词是“carelessly和carefully”,因此可以用more carelessly或less carefully修饰。故填more carelessly/less carefully。
49.more crowded
【解析】句意:将来街道会更加拥挤。be动词后接形容词作表语,crowd的形容词形式crowded,意为“拥挤的”,much后接其比较级more crowded。故填more crowded。
50.the shorter
【解析】句意:——你更喜欢哪条裙子?——我认为在两者中我更喜欢比较短的那个。根据“I think I prefer… (short) one of the two.”可知两者中选一个,故用“the+比较级”并表示特指某一个,故填the shorter。
51.more uncomfortable
【解析】句意:这家酒店住起来很不舒服,下次我们会换一家的。根据后文“next time we will change another one”可知下一次要换酒店了可以推测前面应该是不舒服的“uncomfortable”要用形容词做表语。又因为空前“much”是程度副词,后面要跟形容词比较级,且“uncomfortable”是一个多音节单词,所以在前面加上“more”。故填more uncomfortable。
52.hotter
【解析】句意:今天和昨天,哪一天更热?
根据today or yesterday可知此处是这两天进行比较,故用hot的比较级,故为hotter。
53.livelier
【解析】句意:由于技术的发展,现在的课堂对学生来说变得更加生动。系动词become后加形容词作表语,live的形容词为lively“生动的”,much后加形容词的比较级。故填livelier。
54. feel wetter
【解析】句意:这让我觉得更湿了,因为这几天下了很多雨。make sb. do sth.使某人做某事,第一空用动词不定式作宾语补足语,to常省略;程度副词much后接wet的比较级wetter。故填feel;wetter。
55.less
【解析】句意:人越多,空间就越小。
考查比较级,根据英文提示“little 小的,少的”,根据句子前面“the more”更多的,与后面的the可知这里应该用比较级句型“the+比较级.....,the+比较级.....越......就越.....”,故答案为less。
56.healthier
【解析】句意:你锻炼的越多,你就越健康。
根据题干,可判断句意,你锻炼的越多,你就越健康。考查the+比较级,the+比较级表示越……越…… 故填healthier。
57.more exciting
【解析】句意:玩电脑游戏比在电视上看电影更刺激。根据“than watching movies on TV.”可知,这里用形容词exciting的比较级,exciting是多音节的形容词,比较级是more exciting。故填more exciting。
58.thinner
【解析】句意:山越高空气越稀薄。
考查比较级句型。根据前半句The higher the mountain is,以及空格前为the,所给词thin为形容词,可知该句中含有固定句型the+比较级,the+比较级此句型表示后者随着前者的变化而变化,意为"越……就越……",thin的比较级要双写n+er,故填thinner。
59.friendliest/most friendly
【解析】句意:我认为他是班里最友好的人之一。这里用到固定句型“one of +the+形容词/副词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……的之一”,friendly最高级是friendliest/ most friendly,两种形式都可以。故填friendliest/ most friendly。
60.most important
【解析】句意:盐城自然保护区也是世界上最重要的湿地之一。根据“one of”可知,后接形容词的最高级,名词的复数;important的最高级为the most important,因为空格前有“the world’s”,应该去掉the。故答案为:most important。
61.the least
【解析】句意:在所有的女孩中,我妹妹吃米饭最少。由“Of all the girls”判断,此处应该用形容词的最高级,little的最高级为least,最高级前需用定冠词the。故填the least。
62.the most popular
【解析】句意:我们镇上,在所有的电影院中,电影世界是最受欢迎的。根据“In my town, of all the movie theaters”可知,比较范围是“of all the movie theaters”,故三者及以上的比较应用最高级,即the most popular。故填the most popular。
63.the most dangerous
【解析】句意:我们都认为这是世界上最危险的工作。此处作定语修饰job应用形容词dangerous,且本句给出范围“in the world”,所以用形容词最高级。故填the most dangerous。
64.the cheapest
【解析】句意:所有衣服店里,星星衣服店是最便宜的一个。根据“Of all the clothes stores”可知,这是在三者及三者以上比较中选最优级别,需使用形容词cheap对应的最高级形式,且最高级前要加定冠词the。故填the cheapest。
65.third
【解析】句意:世界第三长河是长江。three“三”,基数词。根据提示词和空前的The以及空后的最高级longest可知,此处应用“序数词+最高级”结构表示“第几最”,所以空处应填序数词third“第三”。故填third。
66.the best
【解析】句意:这是我们店里最好的夹克衫,它也是最贵的。good“好的”,形容词,根据“in our shop”和“the most expensive”可知,此处是在进行多者之间的比较,要用形容词的最高级形式,good的最高级是best“最好的”,形容词最高级前通常要加上定冠词the。故填the best。
67.coldest
【解析】句意:在近几年的冬天里,据说去年冬天是最冷的。根据“Of the winters in recent years”可知,在“近几年的冬天”这个范围内进行比较,属于三者及以上,用最高级,cold的最高级是coldest。故填coldest。
68.greatest
【解析】句意:莫言是中国最伟大的作家之一。此处是结构“one of the+最高级+复数名词”,表示“最……之一”,故填greatest。
69.worst
【解析】句意:朋友是那些看到你最不好的一面的人,仍然接纳你本来面目的人。根据“Friends are those who see you at your...(bad) , and still take you as you are.”可知,空处指“最坏的”,需形容词bad的最高级worst。故填worst。
70.most excellent
【解析】句意:他是我教过的最优秀的学生之一。“one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数”意为“最……之一”,所以此处需要形容词的最高级形式,“excellent”的最高级为“most excellent”。故填most excellent。
三、
71. hardworking better
【解析】根据汉语提示可知,此处应填“越……越……”的表达,即the+比较级,the+比较级。hardworking“努力的,勤奋的”,good“好的”的比较级为better。故填hardworking;better。
72. more confident
【解析】结合中英文对照可知,设空处缺少表达“更有信心”,暗含比较级,feel后应接形容词作表语,此处应用形容词的比较级more confident表示“更加自信”。故填more;confident。
73. good at much better at
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,be good at“擅长”,good比较级为better,much better at“更擅长”。故填good;at;much;better;at。
74. more hard-working
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空格处缺少“工作更加努力”的表达,hard-working“努力工作的,勤奋的”,形容词,由than可知,需用形容词的比较级more hard-working。故填more;hard-working。
75. more difficult
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空格处缺少“越来越困难”的表达,difficult“困难的”,形容词,“比较级+and+比较级”结构表示“越来越……”,“越来越困难”译为more and more difficult。故填more;difficult。
76. bigger role
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“发挥着越来越大作用”,常用短语是“play a role in…”。bigger and bigger表示“越来越大”,role意为“作用,角色”。故填bigger;role。
77. other river
【解析】在比较级结构中,“比较级 + than + any other + 可数名词单数”可以表达最高级的含义。这里是长江和中国其他的河流作比较,“any other”表示“其他任何一个”,后接可数名词单数形式“river”,即长江比中国其他任何一条河流都长,也就是长江是中国最长的河流。故填other;river。
78. colder than
【解析】根据题意和汉语提示可知,cold“寒冷的”,形容词,其比较级为colder。且根据much修饰比较级可知,此处表示“比……冷得多”,需要用比较级加上连词than。故填colder;than。
79. any other country
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少“其他任何国家”,此处指同一范围内比较,用any other“其他”,主语Australia为单数,后也接名词单数,country“国家”。故填any;other;country。
80. any/the other student/students in
【解析】结合中英文,本句是Tom和班上其他学生的一个对比,“其他的学生”可表达为:the other students/any other student;在班级用介词in。故填any/the;other;student/students;in。
81. much quieter than
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“安静得多”;结合英文题干和汉语提示可知,此处考查形容词的比较级,其结构为:sth.+ be +比较级+than + sth.;quiet“安静的”,形容词,其比较级为quieter,此处应用副词much修饰比较级quieter,表示“安静得多”。故填much;quieter;than。
82. much faster than
【解析】fast:快的,形容词;比……快得多:much faster than,故填much;faster;than。
83. the nicest of
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“最好看的”;结合英文题干和汉语提示可知,此处考查形容词的最高级;nice“好看的”,形容词,其最高级形式为nicest,前应加定冠词the;空后为“all the flowers”,所以这里应用of表示范围。故填the;nicest;of。
84. most important keep study
【解析】由汉语和所给的英语翻译可知,“最重要的”译成:most important;“保持健康”译成:keep healthy;“努力学习”译成:study hard;to后跟动词原形。故填most;important;keep;study。
85. the most important thing
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,the most important表示“最重要的”;thing“事情”,结合“is”可知,应用单数。故填the;most;important;thing。
86. the most comfortably the biggest
【解析】修饰动词“sit”用副词最高级“most comfortably”;最高级前加the;“最大的”用形容词最高级“biggest”,其前用定冠词“the”修饰。故填the;most;comfortably;the;biggest。
87. the most comfortably the biggest
【解析】the most comfortably“最舒服地”,为副词最高级,修饰动词sit;the biggest“最大的”,为形容词最高级,修饰名词seats。故填the;most;comfortably;the;biggest。
88. worst service
【解析】根据中英文提示可知,定冠词the后应用worst表示“最糟糕的”,形容词最高级作定语;service“服务”,不可数名词作宾语。故填worst;service。
89. the most beautiful places
【解析】根据汉语提示可知,the+形容词最高级;beautiful为多音节词,变最高级时,用most修饰;one of“…之一”,后接名词复数,places“地方”。故填the;most;beautiful;places。
90. the most important festivals
【解析】根据题干可知需要翻译“最重要的节日”。“最重要的”the most important,“节日”festival,可数名词,且“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”,故用复数festivals。故填the;most;important;festivals。
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2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)
Unit 1 Friendship语法知识
必备知识清单
单元语法释疑
形容词的比较级与最高级
一、基本概念
1. 形容词的三个等级
原级(原形):原级也就是单词的原形,主要用于描述事物原本的属性,表达“… 的”这样的含义。例如“tall”,用于描述人或物体具有“高的”这一特征;“beautiful”,用于形容人或事物展现出“美丽的”特质。
比较级:当需要对两个事物进行比较时,就会用到比较级,它表达的是“更…”的意思。比如“taller”,是在比较两者高度时,用来表示其中一方比另一方“更高”;“more beautiful”则是在对两者的美丽程度进行对比时,说明一方比另一方“更美丽”。
最高级:当比较的对象达到三个及以上时,就需要使用最高级,它传达的是“最…”的概念。像“tallest”,在多个对象的高度比较中,用来指出其中“最高的”那一个;“most beautiful”则是在众多对象的美丽程度对比里,表明某一个是“最美丽的”。
二、规则变化
(一)单音节 / 部分双音节形容词
变化规则
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
直接加 -er/-est
tall
taller
tallest
Tom is the tallest in our class.(汤姆是班上最高的。)
以 e 结尾,加 -r/-st
nice
nicer
nicest
This flower is nicer than that one.(这朵花比那朵美。)
辅音 + y → i+er/est
busy
busier
busiest
She is the busiest student today.(她今天是最忙的学生。)
重读闭音节双写辅音字母
big
bigger
biggest
The elephant is bigger than the horse.(大象比马大。)
特殊双音节(-ow/-er 结尾)
narrow
narrower
narrowest
This river is the narrowest of the three.(这条河是三条中最窄的。)
(二)多音节 / 其他双音节形容词(规则:前加 more/most)
例如:
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
beautiful
more beautiful
most beautiful
Lily is more beautiful than Lucy.(莉莉比露西美。)
dangerous
more dangerous
most dangerous
This is the most dangerous animal in the zoo.(这是动物园里最危险的动物。)
(三)不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
例句
good/well
better
best
This book is better than that one.(这本书比那本好。)
bad
worse
worst
The weather today is worse than yesterday.(今天天气比昨天差。)
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
He is my elder brother.(他是我哥哥。)(elder 仅用于家人)
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
I can run farther than you.(我比你跑得远。)
三、核心用法
(一)比较级(专门用于两者之间的对比情况)
1.标志词:在使用比较级进行两者对比时,常见的标志词有“than”,它直接表明前后两者存在比较关系;“of the two”,用于从特定的两者之中进行比较选择;“Which...A or B?”这种特殊疑问句形式,也是在两者 A 和 B 之间进行比较,询问哪一个更具某种特性。
[示例分析]
“Lucy is taller than Lily.”,此句清晰地表明在露西和莉莉这两人之间,露西的身高比莉莉更高。
“This is the better one of the two pens.”,该句指出在这两支笔当中,所提及的这支是更好的那一支。
2. 修饰词强化:为了更精确地描述两者之间的差异程度,会用到一些修饰词,如“much/a little/a bit/even/still”,它们能够加强比较级的程度。例如“ The cake is much sweeter than candy.”,这里“much”的使用,强调了蛋糕比糖果甜的程度差距较大,即蛋糕比糖果甜得多。
(二)最高级(适用于三者及以上的比较场景)
1. 标志词:当涉及到三者及以上的比较时,常用标志词有“in”,后面接范围,明确在某个特定范围里进行比较;“of”,后接群体,表示从某一群体中进行比较;“one of...”,用于表达在众多事物当中,某一个是具有某种特性的其中之一。
[示例分析]
“She is the tallest in our class.”,意思是在整个班级这个范围内,她的身高是最高的。
“This is one of the most interesting books I’ve read.”,此句表明在“我”读过的众多书籍里,这本书是最有趣的书籍之一。
2.注意事项:在使用最高级时,需要特别注意,一般情况下,最高级前必须加“the”,以体现其唯一性和特定性。然而,当句子中有物主代词时,就不需要再加“the”了。例如“He is my the best friend.”这种表述是错误的,因为物主代词“my”已经对“best friend”进行了限定,所以正确的表述应该是“He is my best friend.” 。
(三)特殊句型
在英语的学习中,存在一些特殊句型,它们有着独特的表达意义和用法。其中比较典型的两种特殊句型如下:
1. 比较级 + and + 比较级(越来越…):此句型用于描述事物随着时间或其他因素的发展,在程度上不断加深的变化。例如:“The weather is getting warmer and warmer.” 这句话生动地描绘出天气逐渐变暖的过程,其中 “warmer and warmer” 就直观地传达出 “越来越暖” 的意思,让我们清晰地感受到天气变化的趋势。
2.The + 比较级,the + 比较级(越…,越…):该句型通常用于表示两个事物之间的比例关系,即一个事物的变化会导致另一个事物相应地发生变化。例如:“The harder you study, the better grades you’ll get.” 它清晰地表明了学习努力程度与所取得成绩之间的关联,意味着付出越多的努力,就会获得越好的成绩,这种表达简洁而有力地揭示了两者之间的因果联系。
四、易错警示(八年级高频错误)
1.比较对象一致性
[错误示例]My room is bigger than my sister.
此句错误原因在于比较对象不一致,房间不能直接与姐姐进行比较,两者属于不同类型的事物。
[正确示例]My room is bigger than my sister’s.
这里“my sister’s”实际上等同于“my sister’s room”,这样就保证了比较的是两个房间,使比较对象一致。
2.最高级范围表达
[正确示例]He is the tallest in his family.
在表达最高级时,“in + 范围”,比如这里“in his family”表示在家庭这个范围里;“of + 群体”,是另一种常见的搭配,用于明确范围。
3.多音节词比较级形式
[错误示例]This story is importanter than that one.
“important”是多音节词,不能直接在词尾加“ er”构成比较级。
[正确示例]This story is more important than that one.
多音节词的比较级通常是在词前加“more”,以此来正确表达比较关系。
核心知识回顾
比较状语从句简析
比较状语从句用于比较两个事物的性质、程度或动作,通常由 than 或 as...as 引导,从句中常省略与主句重复的部分。
一、核心结构与用法
1. 同级比较:as + 原级 + as(和…… 一样)
肯定句:A + be / 动词 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B.
→ Lily is as tall as her sister.(莉莉和她姐姐一样高。)
→ He runs as fast as a deer.(他跑得和鹿一样快。)
否定句:A + be / 动词 + not + as/so + 原级 + as + B.
→ This book is not as interesting as that one.(这本书不如那本有趣。)
2. 比较级:比较级 + than(比…… 更)
结构:A + be / 动词 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than + B.
→ Tom is more active than his brother.(汤姆比他哥哥更活跃。)
→ She speaks English better than me.(她英语说得比我好。)
比较级规则变化:
单音节词:+er(tall→taller, short→shorter)。
多音节词:more + 原级(beautiful→more beautiful, carefully→more carefully)。
不规则变化:good/well→better, bad/badly→worse, far→farther/further。
3. 最高级:the + 最高级 + 比较范围
结构:A + be / 动词 + the + 形容词 / 副词最高级 + (in/of/among 范围).
→ She is the most honest student in our class.(她是我们班最诚实的学生。)
→ This is the worst movie I've ever seen.(这是我看过最差的电影。)
二、注意事项
1.比较对象一致性
比较的双方需为同类事物,避免逻辑错误。
Her hair is longer than mine(= my hair).
Her hair is longer than I.(错误:头发和人不能比较)
2.修饰比较级的副词
可用 much, a little, even, far 等修饰比较级,加强程度。
→ He is much taller than he was last year.(他比去年高多了。)
→ This problem is a little more difficult than that one.(这个问题比那个稍难一点。)
3.隐含比较的情况
有时比较对象通过语境暗示,无需明确写出。
→ I studied harder to get better grades.(隐含:比之前更努力)
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.—Your sister seems ________ than before. She used to be shy.
—Yes. She has changed a lot. She is more active in class now.
A.outgoing B.more outgoing C.shy D.shyer
2.—Oh, no! I have to lose weight. The sweater doesn’t fit me. Could you show me a _________ one?
—Just a second.
A.bigger B.biggest C.smaller D.smallest
3.May plans to have ________ study in Britain, so she’d like to get ________ information about the schools there.
A.farther; many B.farther; more C.further; many D.further; more
4.—Look at that toy truck. It’s so beautiful.
—Yes. It looks like a real one. It’s just ________.
A.big B.bigger C.small D.smaller
5.If you want to make ________mistakes in your work, you________be careful.
A.a few; must B.fewer; need C.a few; may D.fewer; must
6.Amy learns ________ about pets than before because she often helps at the animal centre.
A.little B.much C.less D.more
7.After entering the cave, the crew members walked even ________ to avoid the sharp rocks.
A.careful B.more careful C. carefully D.more carefully
8.—The fruit-cake looks ________.
—Yes, and it tastes a lot ________.
A.good; better B.good; worse C.well; good D.better; good
9.— Which game do you like to watch better, football or baseball?
— Football. I think it’s ________.
A.excited B.exciting C.more excited D.more exciting
10.I like doing sports. I think swimming is ________ than skiing.
A.easy B.easier C.easiest D.the easiest
11.To save the earth, we’d better use less water and plant ________ trees.
A.many B.more C.few D.fewer
12.The population of Beijing is ________ than that of Tianjin.
A.large B.larger C.largest D.the largest
13.— The air isn’t fresh these days. That’s terrible.
— Yes. I hope people can plant trees. ________ trees, ________ air pollution.
A.The more; the more B.The more; the less
C.The fewer; the less D.The fewer; the fewer
14.—Mum, I feel much ________ now and I can go to school tomorrow.
—Ok, dear. I can drive you to school.
A.good B.worse C.better D.the best
15.I think I made a wrong decision to stay here. The weather in Wuhan is ________ hotter than that in my hometown.
A.very B.quite C.much D.even
16.This book is ________ better than that one.
A.even B.a lot of C.very D.many
17.—I have tried my best, but it’s still not so good.
—If you don’t ________ these things seriously, the results will be ________ worse.
A.bring; more B.take; even C.make; much D.take; a lot of
18.Someone says “Time is money”. But I think time is ________ than money.
A.very more important B.more much important
C.much more important D.much least important
19.Mary’s Clothes Store is one of ________ stores in town.
A.the most cheaply B.the cheapest C.the most cheap D.the cheapliest
20.— Mary is one of ________ students in our class.
— She is as ________ as her friends.
A.friendlier; the friendliest B.friendly; friendliest
C.friendliest; friendlier D.the friendliest; friendly
21.Yesterday we all went shopping. I had ________ money so I bought ________ things.
A.the least; the fewest B.the fewest; the least C.less; fewer D.fewer; less
22.Shanghai is the first ________ famous city in China. It covers an area of 6,340 square kilometres.
A.most B.more C.least D.less
23.The bridge crosses the river at its ________ point.
A.narrow B.narrower
C.the narrowest D.narrowest
24.Quan Hongchan did well in the Asian Games. I think she is one of __________ players in the world.
A.talented B.more talented
C.most talented D.the most talented
25.I think Her Story is the ________ movie of all the movies this year.
A.meaningful B.more meaningful C.most meaningful D.less meaningful
26.Of all the subjects I’ve studied this year, English is ________ because it allows me to express Chinese culture and stories well to the world by using this language.
A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting
27.—Guess what? The company has accepted my application.
—Wow! That’s ________ news I’ve heard this year, Wilson! Congratulations!
A.a worse B.a better C.the worst D.the best
28.— Kitty, how much do you know about The Book of Songs?
— It is the ________ collection of poems in China and the beginning of China’s poetry tradition.
A.earlier B.earliest C.later D.last
29.Sun Cinema has ________ seats of all the cinemas in the city.
A.comfortable B.more comfortable C.most comfortable D.the most comfortable
30.Of all the four restaurants, I think Blue Ocean has ________ service.
A.more friendly B.the more friendly C.the most friendly D.more much friendly
31.Qian Xuesen is one of ________ scientists in China.
A.famous B.more famous C.most famous D.the most famous
32.The Fuxing high-speed train is one of ________ trains in the world.
A.modern B.more modern C.most modern D.the most modern
33.Wuhu is one of ________ cities in China, so many people like to travel here.
A.very beautiful B.much beautiful C.more beautiful D.the most beautiful
34.Yunhe Park is one of ________ parks in our city.
A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful
35.Suining is one of ________ cities in China. More and more people come to visit it.
A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular
36.—Jim is one of ________ students in our class.
—I agree. He is as ________ as my elder brother.
A.taller; tallest B.taller; tall C.the tallest; taller D.the tallest; tall
37.As we all know, the Yellow River is the second ________ river in China. It’s called “Mother River” of China.
A.longest B.longer C.long D.much longer
38.The Dongting Lake is ________ lake in China.
A.second largest B.second large C.the second largest D.largest
39.Among the four girls, Lily is the third ________.
A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallest
40.Nanjing isn’t ________ large as Shanghai. But it’s the second ________ city in East China.
A.like; largest B.as; largest C.as; larger D.like; large
41.The Yellow River is the ________ river in China.
A.second B.second long C.longest D.second longest
42.Our city is _________ city in China.
A.second biggest B.the second biggest C.second the biggest D.the second big
43.—Good news! Xie Zhenye came first in the men’s 100-meter race of the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games.
—Yes. There is ________ more exciting than this piece of news.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
44.China is larger than ________ in Africa.
A.any other country B.other country C.any country D.the other country
45.Mount Mao is more famous than ________ in Jurong.
A.any other tourist attraction B.any other tourist attractions
C.the other tourist attraction D.any tourist attraction
二、单词拼写
46.The coat is too big. Do you have a (small) one?
47.I think he can jump (far) of us all and he will go abroad (在国外) for (far) study.
48.The (care) you do your homework, the more mistakes you will make.
49.Streets will be much (crowd) in the future.
50.—Which of the skirts do you prefer?
—I think I prefer (short) one of the two.
51.The hotel is much (comfort) to stay in, next time we will change another one.
52.Which day was (hot), today or yesterday?
53.Thanks to technology development, nowadays class has become much (live) to students.
54.It made me (feel) much (wet) because it rained a lot these days.
55.The more people there are, the (little) space there is.
56.The more exercise you take , the (healthy)you will be.
57.Playing computer games is (exciting) than watching movies on TV.
58.The higher the mountain is, the (thin) the air is.
59.He is one of the (friendly) people in the class, I think.
60.Yancheng Nature Reserve is also one of the world's (important) wetlands.
61.Of all the girls my sister had (little) rice.
62.In my town, of all the movie theaters, the Movie World is (popular).
63.We all think it is (danger) job in the world.
64.Of all the clothes stores, Star Clothes Store is (cheap) one.
65.The (three) longest river in the world is the Yangtze River.
66.This is (good) jacket in our shop and it is also the most expensive.
67.Of the winters in recent years, it is said that last winter was the (cold) one.
68.Mo Yan is one of the (great) writers in China.
69.Friends are those who see you at your (bad), and still take you as you are.
70.He is one of the (excellent) students I have ever taught.
三、完成句子
71.你越勤奋,在学业上就能做得越好。
The more you are, the you can do in your schoolwork.
72.他们大声地为我们欢呼加油,我们感到更有信心赢得比赛了。
They cheer us on loudly and we feel to win the game.
73.安擅长数学,我比她更擅长数学。
Ann is maths. I’m maths than her.
74.我的朋友Jack比我工作更加努力。
My friend Jack is than me.
75.尽管越来越困难,他依然保持冷静。
Although it was getting more and , he still kept calm.
76.人工智能在我们的日常生活中发挥着越来越大的作用。
AI is playing a bigger and in our everyday life.
77.长江是中国最长的河流。 (根据汉语完成译句)
The Yangtze River is longer than any in China.
78.今天比昨天冷得多。
It is much today it was yesterday.
79.澳大利亚的海滩比其他任何国家的都多。
Australia has more beaches than .
80.Tom是我们班最高的学生。
Tom is taller than our class.
81.我认为农村还比城市安静得多。
I think the countryside is the city, too.
82.新电脑的运行速度比旧电脑快得多,这会节省我很多时间。
The working speed of the new computer is that of the old one. It saves me a lot of time.
83.我认为玫瑰是所有花中最好看的。
I think roses are all the flowers.
84.对中学生来说,最重要的事是保持健康和努力学习。
The thing is to healthy and hard for the middle school students.
85.我认为最重要的事是保持健康。
I think is to keep healthy.
86.你 (在那儿) 可以坐得最舒服,因为它们有最大的座位。
You can sit because they have seats.
87.你能坐得最舒服,因为它们有最大的座位。
You can sit because they have seats.
88.电影城有最糟糕的服务。
Movie City has the .
89.西塞山是黄石最漂亮的地方之一
The Xisai mountain is one of in Huangshi.
90.中秋节是中国最为重要的节日之一。
Mid-Autumn Day is one of in China.
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