(预习部分)专题01 必修一Unit 1 Back to school(新课提前学·精讲精练)-【暑假自学课】2025年新高一英语暑假提升精品讲义(译林版2020)

2025-05-26
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语译林版必修第一册
年级 高一
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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文件大小 844 KB
发布时间 2025-05-26
更新时间 2025-06-03
作者 TP-lucky
品牌系列 上好课·暑假轻松学
审核时间 2025-05-26
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专题01 Unit 1 Back to school (必修一) 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+高考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 重点单词 1. potential adj. 潜在的, 可能的 n. 潜力, 可能性 2. senior adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生); 高级水平的; 老年的; 级别高的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者; 较……年长的人; 高水平运动员 3. challenge n. & vt. 挑战; 质疑 4. opportunity n. 时机; 机会 5. effort n. 努力; 费力的事; 试图 6. resource n. 资源, 资料; 谋略 7. individual adj. 单独的; 个别的 n. 个人 8. independent adj. 自主的; 有主见的; 自立的 9. focus n. 焦点; 重点 vt. &vi. 集中 10. remind vt. 提醒; 使想起 11. proposal n. 建议, 提议, 动议 12. technique n. 技巧, 技艺; 技能 13. professional adj. 职业的; 专业的n. 专门人员; 专业人士 14. exchange n. & vt. 交换; 交流; 兑换 15. host n. 主人; 东道主; 主持人 vt. 主办; 主持 16. tough adj. 艰难的; 严厉的; 坚强的; 坚固的 重点单词变形 1. positive adj. 积极乐观的; 良好的→ positively adv. 肯定地; 乐观地 2. acquire vt. 获得; 得到→ acquisition n. 取得; 获得 3. advance n. 行进, 前进; 进展, 进步vt. & vi. 发展, 进步→ advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的 4. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→ amazed adj. 大为惊奇的, 惊讶的→ amazement n. 惊异; 惊愕 5. confidence n. 信心; 信任; 把握→ confident adj. 自信的; 确信的 6. balance n. 均衡, 平衡; 平衡能力 vt. 同等重视; (使)保持平衡; 权衡重要性→ balanced adj. 平衡的 7. improve vt. & vi. 改善, 改进→ improvement n. 改进, 改善; 提高 8. responsible adj. 负责, 可靠的; 有责任→ responsibility n. 责任, 职责; 义务 9. detail n. 细节; 具体情况→ detailed adj. 详细的, 精细的 10. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→ contribute vt. 贡献, 出力; 投稿 11. fortunately adv. 幸运地, 幸亏→ fortunate adj. 幸运的 12. attract vt. 吸引, 使喜爱; 引起(反应); 招引→ attraction n. 吸引, 吸引力 ( 考点 一 challenge n . 挑战;艰巨任务;质疑 vt. 向 …… 挑战;怀疑 ) face/meet a challenge面临/面对挑战 •________ a challenge接受挑战 •challenge sb to (do) sth 向某人挑战(做)某事;(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议(某人做某事) Finding time for both studies and extra-curriculum activities is really (challenge), so I need to make a workable schedule. ( 考点 二 advance v . 发展,进步,促进;前进;提前;提出 ( 想法、理论、计划等 ) n . 前进,进展;进步,行进 challenge n . 挑战;艰巨任务;质疑 vt. 向 …… 挑战;怀疑 ) •advance ________sb./sth. 向某人/物前进 •________ advance预先;事先;预付 •in advance ________/ahead of (时间上)提前于…… •make an advance/advances ________ 在……方面取得进步 With (advance) skills in survival, she managed to find a way out of the wilderness. ( 考点 三 amazing adj . 令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的 ) •be amazed ________... 对……感到惊讶 •be amazed to do 对做……感到惊讶 •________ one’s amazement让某人惊讶的是 Lisa’s (amaze) performance in the school play made everyone clap loudly. ( 考点 四 equal adj . 相等的;平等的;相当的,能胜任的 n . 同等的人 ( 物 ) linking v . 与 …… 相等 vt . 比得上 ) •be equal ________ sth./doing sth. 与……相等;胜任做某事 •equal sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌 •be without equal/have no equal无与伦比;无敌 In terms of working experience and ability, I believe Tom is equal the job. ( 考点 五 responsible adj . 有责任,负责;可靠的 ) •be responsible for/ take responsibility ________ 为……负责任 •a sense of responsibility ________ •It is sb’s responsibility ________ sth. 做某事是某人的职责。 It is our (responsible) to put them on the right track. ( 考点 六 focus n . 焦点,重点 vt. & vi. 集中 ) •the focus of... ……的焦点 •focus ________ 集中于……;关注…… •focus one’s attention/eyes/energy/effort(s) on/upon...集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/________于…… The key question is focus; why not reach a decision? ( 考点 七 base vt . 以 …… 为基础 ( 依据 ) n . 根据;基础;基底;总部,大本营 ) •base...________... 把……建立在……的基础上 •be based on以……为基础;根据 •________ a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 •on the basis of在……的基础上 His plan (base) on what he had learned from his teacher. ( 考点 八 remind vt . 提醒,使想起 ) •remind sb. ________/ of sth. 提醒某人某事 •remind sb. that... 提醒某人…… In my opinion, everyone should be reminded (be) more careful. ( 考点 九 proposal n . 提议,建议,动议 ) •make/put forward a proposal (to do sth/for sth) 提出(……的)建议 •make a proposal that sb. ________... 提议某人做…… •propose (doing) sth. 提议/建议(做)某事 •propose to sb. ________ •propose that.../It is proposed that...建议……(that从句中的________用“should+动词原形”,should可省略) The committee put forward a (propose) to reduce the time limit. ( 考点 十 aim n . 目的;目标 vi . & vt . 力争做到;目的是;针对 ) •________ the aim of...以……为目标;意在…… •aim to do.../at doing...旨在做……;力求达到…… •be aimed ________ 目的是;旨在 The organization aims the forest resources for the wildlife. (conserve) 重点短语 1. make a difference 起作用, 有影响 2. make the most of 充分利用, 尽情享受 3. take advantage of 利用 4. last but not least 最后但同样重要的 5. look forward to 盼望, 期待 6. as a result of 由于 7. stick to 坚持; 固守, 维持 8. over time 随着时间流逝, 久而久之 ( 考点 一 make a difference 起作用;有影响 ) make no difference ________ sb./ sth. 对某人/某物没有作用,没有影响 ________ the difference between A and B 区分A和B It made me realize that our small act of kindness can make them feel warm and make a great difference them. ( 考点 二 as a result of 由于 ) as a result ________ •result in导致;引起;结果是 •result ________ 由……引起,起因于…… Short writings missed as a result an excused absence will be accepted. 重点句型 1. 完全倒装句 Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的是好的学习习惯,有用的技能和积极的态度。 2. It 作形式主语 It is important for you to make the most of our school resources. 对你来说充分利用我们学校资源是非常重要的。 3. find+宾语+宾语补足语 In time you will find yourself growing and a well-rounded individual.最后,你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长。 4. as引导非限制定语从句 As Lao-Tzn wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” 正如老子所说: “千里之行,始于足下”。 5. 动名词作主语 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. (教材P6) 设定目标能让你在生活中集中精力。 6. so…that… 如此……以致于…… I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm! 我太喜欢这只钟了,现在还在用它当闹钟呢! 7. not as…as… Although there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still challenging. 虽然我没有像以前那么多的作业,但是仍然很有挑战性。 ( 考点 一 完全倒装句 ) 教材原句Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。(P3) •本句是一个完全倒装句。其正常语序为Good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance. •当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语是名词时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为: ________+be+主语。 •副词here,there,now,then等位于句首,而主语是名词,且谓语动词是be,lie,sit,stand,come等不及物动词时,句子用完全倒装。 A village, where people still live a peaceful life, lies at the foot of the mountain. (句型转换) → ,_where people still live a peaceful life.(完全倒装) ( 考点 二 so...that... ) 教材原句I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm!我太喜欢它(这只钟)了,现在还在用它当闹钟呢!(P11) 本句中的so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。so是副词,修饰形容词或副词。具体有以下几种形式: •such...that...中的such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式: •当so/such放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装语序。 用 so… that…句型升级改写下面句子。 ①He is so learned a person. 他是个很有学问的人。 ②We all admire him very much. 单元语法 ( 考点 一 句子成分 ) 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语、补足语、独立成分(感叹词、呼语和插入语)等。构成句子的主体部分是主语和谓语。表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。其它成分如定语、同位语、状语等是句子的次要部分。 1.主语 主语表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。常用的作主语的词类有: 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词性词组和从句。 2. 谓语 谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。由动词或动词短语来充当。 3. 宾语 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。有单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语、同源宾语等。双宾语又分为直接宾语和间接宾语。凡是能作主语的词类都可以作宾语。。 4. 表语 表语与系动词连用,一起构成谓语,说明主语的性质特征。充作表语的可以是名词、介词短语、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、动名词、从句等。 1. 定语 定语是用来修饰名词或代词。它常和名词构成名词短语。定语分前置定语和后置定语。可以作定语的词有形容词、代词、数词、名词、副词、介词短语、分词等。 6. 状语 状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分。它可以表示时间、地点、方式、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件和让步等。充当状语的有副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词和名词等。 7.补足语 补足语分为宾语补足语(object complement)和主语补足语(subject complement),是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等皆可作补足语。 1.Now that Jennifer couldn’t attend the meeting,______ her place? A.who do you suggest that take B.who do you suggest take C.whom do you suggest should take D.who you suggest that takes 2.On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ________ some apples and visited her cousin. A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.having bought ( 考点 二 句子结构 ) 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+V) SV句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思, 这类动词叫不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 2.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) SVO句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词, 后面一定要跟介词构成及物动词词组。 We should often take part in sports and outdoor activities. 我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。 3. 主语+谓语(系动词)+表语(S+V+P) SVP句式就是我们常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样, 谓语动词需用连系动词(主要是be动词), 表语多为形容词, 也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。 4.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语(S+V+A) 5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) SVOO句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面, 直接宾语在后面。常见的接双宾语的及物动词 (1)give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send等后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。 6.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) SVOC句式中的动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语, 才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的, 直接跟在宾语之后。 7.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语(S+V+O+A) 8.存现句: 引导词there引导的句子 1.Studying the history of the country will make your visit more enjoyable. A.主谓宾宾补 B.主系表状 C.主谓宾状 D.状主谓宾 2.The united Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. A.主谓宾状从 B.主系表定从 C.主谓宾定从 D.主系表状从 单句写作/句型转换 1. 桌上有一些花。(完全倒装) 2. 维持和睦关系的关键是定期、坦诚的沟通。 3. (1)An apple tree loves a boy very much. (2)The tree tries to meet the boy's various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return.(用“so…that…”结构连接) _____________________________________________________________ 4. People were so surprised that they were willing to buy some popcorn from the poorly-dressed little boy. (句型转换) → they were willing to buy some popcorn 难点一 宾语补足语 1.The change won’t make you disappointed. (对划线部分进行句子成分划分) A.谓语 B.主语 C.宾补 D.直接宾语 2.(24-25高二下·广东清远·阶段练习)At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.画横线的部分在句子中作什么成分? A.宾语 B.宾补 C.状语 D.定语 难点二 定语 3.(24-25高一上·广东珠海·阶段练习)Our English teacher recommended us a reference book whose content was detailed and well-organized. 请判断划线部分的句子成分:________ A.object (宾语) B.attributive (定语) C.adverbial (状语) D.complement (补语) 4.指出句子 “I like the book which has many pictures.” 中修饰 “book” 的定语是什么。 5.请找出句子“The students from Class Two are very active.”中修饰“students”的定语是什么。 难点三: 基本结构 1.“I drank a cup of coffee before I left for school this morning.”该句所属句子基本类型“________”。 A.主语+谓语+宾语+状语 B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 C.主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语 D.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 2.句子成分分析正确的一项是:(   ) He bought me some interesting English novels. A.S+V+O+ A B.S+V+DO+ IO C.S+V+IO+ DO D.S+V+O+C · 提升专练 一.单句语法填空 1. (fortune), I wore the seat belt, otherwise I would have been injured! 2.She has donated a lot of money to the school and she has made a great (contribute) to education. 3.Whatever happens, we will work together and rise this challenge. 4.Barbara often makes a schedule to get herself (remind) of what she is to do in the day.   5.In the debate competition, the team members showed a (profession) attitude by preparing thoroughly and presenting their arguments logically. 6.Jan’s life (improve) by the Internet so far. 7. (individual) should take responsibility for their actions 8. (aim) at spreading traditional Chinese culture through English, a “Stories of China Retold in English” Challenge was held in our school. 9.The artist combines different (technical) in the same painting. 10.For the past few years, Wuzhen (host) the World Internet Conference, which makes life in this ancient town much more convenient than it has been. 11.More than one worker in this factory (come) from nearby villages. 12.She is very busy these days, she can’t go to the party with us. 13.A daily planner serves as a (remind) for high school students to stay organized and manage their time effectively. 15.A (balance) diet and regular exercise are essential for high school students to maintain good health. 16.The project, (base) on extensive research, aims to enhance the learning experience for high school students. 17.A crucial lesson that high school students must learn is taking (responsible) for their own actions. 18.High school students learn to solve problems (individual) by working on individual projects. 二、完成句子 1.校园吉尼斯活动提供多样的挑战,从一分钟打字到单词背诵比拼。(分词作状语) The Campus Guinness Records event offers one-minute typing competition contests. 2.当你遇到困难时,你会遇到其他正在面临类似挑战的人。 When you times, you meet others . 3.Last term, the members of our school’s music club       digital tools to create an innovative Peking Opera performance for the Cultural Festival in the school. 上学期我校音乐社成员利用数字工具为学校的文化节创作了一场创新的京剧表演。 4.想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化,我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环,然后尽力去调整。 To in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. 5.为了营造出更温馨的氛围,人们常常利用假期开始用一些富有创意且个性化的元素来装饰自己的家。 To create a more welcoming , people often the holidays to start their homes with creative and personalized elements. 6.随着商家对这些庆祝活动的利用,节日正变得越来越商业化。 Festivals , the celebrations. 7.在一个团队中,不同的个体会贡献各自的技能和想法来解决问题。 In a team, different bring skills and ideas to solve problems. 8. , it is believed that regular exercise also boosts mental well-being . (addition) 除了改善身体健康外,人们认为规律锻炼还能促进心理健康。 9.He has always been       me. 他老是占我的便宜。 10.Through Snow’s , the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 经过斯诺的不懈努力,世界各地的霍乱威胁大幅降低。 三、句型转换 1.I’m going to make use of this tour to explore the history of the castle.(同义句转换) I’m going to this tour to explore the history of the castle. 2.How to better store and sell agricultural products is a key issue to farmers once the harvest is done. 记句式: sth. is a key issue to sth. “……是……的关键问题”(点明关键问题) 学仿写:如何利用互联网的优点同时规避其缺点,是解决信息安全的关键问题。 3.The Incas’ dry stone method of building is especially amazing.(改写为倒装句) Incas’ dry stone method of building. 4.They have put forward a proposal to strengthen cybersecurity. (改为被动语态) 5.The host had cleaned the house by the time the guests arrived.(改成被动句) 6.Notice needs to be put in the school newspaper and on the school website.(用put开头改成祈使句) _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.Encourage the students to take an active part in activities about English.(用participate in替换,改成不定式表目的) _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.You are asked to express yourself in the limited time (5 minutes/each). (改成祈使句) _____________________________________________________________________________ 9.Students are confident about/of their English. (用“make+宾语+宾补”结构和不定式表目的改写) _______________________________________________________________________________ 10.We set about discussing when and how we should finish the task. (句型转换) →We    when and how we should finish the task. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 Unit 1 Back to school (必修一) 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+高考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 重点单词 1. potential adj. 潜在的, 可能的 n. 潜力, 可能性 2. senior adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生); 高级水平的; 老年的; 级别高的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者; 较……年长的人; 高水平运动员 3. challenge n. & vt. 挑战; 质疑 4. opportunity n. 时机; 机会 5. effort n. 努力; 费力的事; 试图 6. resource n. 资源, 资料; 谋略 7. individual adj. 单独的; 个别的 n. 个人 8. independent adj. 自主的; 有主见的; 自立的 9. focus n. 焦点; 重点 vt. &vi. 集中 10. remind vt. 提醒; 使想起 11. proposal n. 建议, 提议, 动议 12. technique n. 技巧, 技艺; 技能 13. professional adj. 职业的; 专业的n. 专门人员; 专业人士 14. exchange n. & vt. 交换; 交流; 兑换 15. host n. 主人; 东道主; 主持人 vt. 主办; 主持 16. tough adj. 艰难的; 严厉的; 坚强的; 坚固的 重点单词变形 1. positive adj. 积极乐观的; 良好的→ positively adv. 肯定地; 乐观地 2. acquire vt. 获得; 得到→ acquisition n. 取得; 获得 3. advance n. 行进, 前进; 进展, 进步vt. & vi. 发展, 进步→ advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的 4. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的→ amazed adj. 大为惊奇的, 惊讶的→ amazement n. 惊异; 惊愕 5. confidence n. 信心; 信任; 把握→ confident adj. 自信的; 确信的 6. balance n. 均衡, 平衡; 平衡能力 vt. 同等重视; (使)保持平衡; 权衡重要性→ balanced adj. 平衡的 7. improve vt. & vi. 改善, 改进→ improvement n. 改进, 改善; 提高 8. responsible adj. 负责, 可靠的; 有责任→ responsibility n. 责任, 职责; 义务 9. detail n. 细节; 具体情况→ detailed adj. 详细的, 精细的 10. contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 捐赠→ contribute vt. 贡献, 出力; 投稿 11. fortunately adv. 幸运地, 幸亏→ fortunate adj. 幸运的 12. attract vt. 吸引, 使喜爱; 引起(反应); 招引→ attraction n. 吸引, 吸引力 ( 考点 一 challenge n . 挑战;艰巨任务;质疑 vt. 向 …… 挑战;怀疑 ) face/meet a challenge面临/面对挑战 •________ a challenge接受挑战 •challenge sb to (do) sth 向某人挑战(做)某事;(尤指在对方不情愿时)强烈建议(某人做某事) 答案: take up/accept Finding time for both studies and extra-curriculum activities is really (challenge), so I need to make a workable schedule. 【答案】challenging 【详解】考查形容词。句意:为学习和课外活动腾出时间真的很有挑战性,所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表。根据空前is really可知,空处需填形容词challenging作表语,描述主语的性质。故填challenging。 ( 考点 二 advance v . 发展,进步,促进;前进;提前;提出 ( 想法、理论、计划等 ) n . 前进,进展;进步,行进 challenge n . 挑战;艰巨任务;质疑 vt. 向 …… 挑战;怀疑 ) •advance ________sb./sth. 向某人/物前进 •________ advance预先;事先;预付 •in advance ________/ahead of (时间上)提前于…… •make an advance/advances ________ 在……方面取得进步 答案: advanced; on/towards; in; of; in With (advance) skills in survival, she managed to find a way out of the wilderness. 【答案】advanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意:凭借先进的生存技能,她设法找到了走出荒野的方法。skills前需要形容词作定语修饰,advance形容词形式是advanced,表示“先进的,提高的”。故填advanced。 ( 考点 三 amazing adj . 令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的 ) •be amazed ________... 对……感到惊讶 •be amazed to do 对做……感到惊讶 •________ one’s amazement让某人惊讶的是 答案: amazement; at/by that; to Lisa’s (amaze) performance in the school play made everyone clap loudly. 【答案】amazing 【详解】考查形容词。句意:丽莎在学校戏剧中的精彩表演使每个人都大声鼓掌。名词performance前用形容词修饰。修饰物,一般用-ing形式形容词。形容词amazing表示“精彩的”之意。故填amazing。 ( 考点 四 equal adj . 相等的;平等的;相当的,能胜任的 n . 同等的人 ( 物 ) linking v . 与 …… 相等 vt . 比得上 ) •be equal ________ sth./doing sth. 与……相等;胜任做某事 •equal sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌 •be without equal/have no equal无与伦比;无敌 答案: to In terms of working experience and ability, I believe Tom is equal the job. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意:就工作经验和能力而言,我相信汤姆能胜任这份工作。be equal to...意为“能胜任……”。故填to。 ( 考点 五 responsible adj . 有责任,负责;可靠的 ) •be responsible for/ take responsibility ________ 为……负责任 •a sense of responsibility ________ •It is sb’s responsibility ________ sth. 做某事是某人的职责。 答案: for; 责任感;to do It is our (responsible) to put them on the right track. 【答案】responsibility 【详解】考查名词。句意:让他们走上正轨是我们的责任。our后应用名词,responsible的名词形式是responsibility,意为“责任”。故填responsibility。 ( 考点 六 focus n . 焦点,重点 vt. & vi. 集中 ) •the focus of... ……的焦点 •focus ________ 集中于……;关注…… •focus one’s attention/eyes/energy/effort(s) on/upon...集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/________于…… 答案: on/upon; 努力 The key question is focus; why not reach a decision? 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意:关键问题受到关注;为什么不做出决定呢?根据句中The key question可知,关键问题受到关注,应用固定搭配in focus,表示“受关注”,符合题意。 故填in。 ( 考点 七 base vt . 以 …… 为基础 ( 依据 ) n . 根据;基础;基底;总部,大本营 ) •base...________... 把……建立在……的基础上 •be based on以……为基础;根据 •________ a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 •on the basis of在……的基础上 答案: basis; on/upon ; on His plan (base) on what he had learned from his teacher. 【答案】was based 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:他的计划是以他从老师那里学到的东西为基础的。此处是谓语动词,主语plan和base之间是被动关系,且由what he had learned可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词应用was,be based on (以……为基础)。故填was based。 ( 考点 八 remind vt . 提醒,使想起 ) •remind sb. ________/ of sth. 提醒某人某事 •remind sb. that... 提醒某人…… 答案: reminder; to do In my opinion, everyone should be reminded (be) more careful. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在我看来,每个人都应该被提醒要更加小心。短语be reminded to do sth.表示“被提醒做某事”。故填to be。 ( 考点 九 proposal n . 提议,建议,动议 ) •make/put forward a proposal (to do sth/for sth) 提出(……的)建议 •make a proposal that sb. ________... 提议某人做…… •propose (doing) sth. 提议/建议(做)某事 •propose to sb. ________ •propose that.../It is proposed that...建议……(that从句中的________用“should+动词原形”,should可省略) 答案: propose; (should)do; 向某人求婚;谓语 The committee put forward a (propose) to reduce the time limit. 【答案】proposal 【详解】考查名词。句意:委员会提出了一项缩短时间限制的提议。根据空前的a可知,此处应填可数名词单数形式,作put forward的宾语。propose是动词,意为“提议,建议”,其名词形式为proposal。故填 proposal。 ( 考点 十 aim n . 目的;目标 vi . & vt . 力争做到;目的是;针对 ) •________ the aim of...以……为目标;意在…… •aim to do.../at doing...旨在做……;力求达到…… •be aimed ________ 目的是;旨在 答案: aimless; with; at The organization aims the forest resources for the wildlife. (conserve) 【答案】to conserve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:该组织旨在为野生动物保护森林资源。“aim to do sth”为固定短语,意为“旨在做某事”,所以设空处应填动词不定式to conserve 作宾语。故填to conserve。 重点短语 1. make a difference 起作用, 有影响 2. make the most of 充分利用, 尽情享受 3. take advantage of 利用 4. last but not least 最后但同样重要的 5. look forward to 盼望, 期待 6. as a result of 由于 7. stick to 坚持; 固守, 维持 8. over time 随着时间流逝, 久而久之 ( 考点 一 make a difference 起作用;有影响 ) make no difference ________ sb./ sth. 对某人/某物没有作用,没有影响 ________ the difference between A and B 区分A和B 答案: to; tell It made me realize that our small act of kindness can make them feel warm and make a great difference them. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意:这让我意识到,我们小小的善举可以让他们感到温暖,对他们产生很大的影响。本空用介词to,make a difference to,表示“对……产生影响”。故填to。 ( 考点 二 as a result of 由于 ) as a result ________ •result in导致;引起;结果是 •result ________ 由……引起,起因于…… 答案: 结果,因此;from Short writings missed as a result an excused absence will be accepted. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意:因请假而缺失的短文写作是可以接受的。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处表示“由于,因为”,应用介词短语as a result of。故填of。 重点句型 1. 完全倒装句 Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的是好的学习习惯,有用的技能和积极的态度。 2. It 作形式主语 It is important for you to make the most of our school resources. 对你来说充分利用我们学校资源是非常重要的。 3. find+宾语+宾语补足语 In time you will find yourself growing and a well-rounded individual.最后,你们会发现自己逐渐全面成长。 4. as引导非限制定语从句 As Lao-Tzn wisely said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” 正如老子所说: “千里之行,始于足下”。 5. 动名词作主语 Setting goals gives you a focus in life. (教材P6) 设定目标能让你在生活中集中精力。 6. so…that… 如此……以致于…… I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm! 我太喜欢这只钟了,现在还在用它当闹钟呢! 7. not as…as… Although there was not as much homework as I was used to, it was still challenging. 虽然我没有像以前那么多的作业,但是仍然很有挑战性。 ( 考点 一 完全倒装句 ) 教材原句Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。(P3) •本句是一个完全倒装句。其正常语序为Good study habits,useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance. •当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语是名词时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为: ________+be+主语。 •副词here,there,now,then等位于句首,而主语是名词,且谓语动词是be,lie,sit,stand,come等不及物动词时,句子用完全倒装。 答案: 分词/副词/形容词/介词短语 A village, where people still live a peaceful life, lies at the foot of the mountain. (句型转换) → ,_where people still live a peaceful life.(完全倒装) 【答案】At the foot of the mountain lies a village 【详解】考查完全倒装。句意:山脚下有一个村庄,那里的人们仍然过着平静的生活。此处为完全倒装,介词短语at the foot of位于句首,谓语lies放在主语前面,故填At the foot of the mountain lies a village。 ( 考点 二 so...that... ) 教材原句I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm!我太喜欢它(这只钟)了,现在还在用它当闹钟呢!(P11) 本句中的so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。so是副词,修饰形容词或副词。具体有以下几种形式: •such...that...中的such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式: •当so/such放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装语序。 用 so… that…句型升级改写下面句子。 ①He is so learned a person. 他是个很有学问的人。 ②We all admire him very much. 【答案】He is so learned a person that we all admire him very much. 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意:他是一个很有学问的人,我们都很钦佩他。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句,so后接形容词,故填He is so learned a person that we all admire him very much. 单元语法 ( 考点 一 句子成分 ) 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语、补足语、独立成分(感叹词、呼语和插入语)等。构成句子的主体部分是主语和谓语。表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。其它成分如定语、同位语、状语等是句子的次要部分。 1.主语 主语表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。常用的作主语的词类有: 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词性词组和从句。 2. 谓语 谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。由动词或动词短语来充当。 3. 宾语 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。有单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语、同源宾语等。双宾语又分为直接宾语和间接宾语。凡是能作主语的词类都可以作宾语。。 4. 表语 表语与系动词连用,一起构成谓语,说明主语的性质特征。充作表语的可以是名词、介词短语、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、动名词、从句等。 1. 定语 定语是用来修饰名词或代词。它常和名词构成名词短语。定语分前置定语和后置定语。可以作定语的词有形容词、代词、数词、名词、副词、介词短语、分词等。 6. 状语 状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分。它可以表示时间、地点、方式、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件和让步等。充当状语的有副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词和名词等。 7.补足语 补足语分为宾语补足语(object complement)和主语补足语(subject complement),是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等皆可作补足语。 1.Now that Jennifer couldn’t attend the meeting,______ her place? A.who do you suggest that take B.who do you suggest take C.whom do you suggest should take D.who you suggest that takes 【答案】B 【详解】考查插入语和特殊疑问句。句意:既然Jennifer不能参加会议,你建议谁代替她呢?“do you suggest”是插入语,在特殊疑问句中,插入语不影响句子的基本结构和语序。特殊疑问句“Who take her place?”中,本来应该用陈述语序“who takes her place”,但因为有插入语“do you suggest”,所以“take”用原形,类似“suggest that sb. (should) do”结构,“should”可省略,故选B。 2.On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ________ some apples and visited her cousin. A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.having bought 【答案】A 【详解】考查谓动词的时态。句意:周六下午,格林夫人去了市场,买了一些苹果,还拜访了她的表妹。分析句子结构可知,句中“went”、“设空处(buy)”和“visited”是三个并列的谓语动词,共同描述格林夫人在周六下午的一系列动作,这三个动作都发生在过去,且是先后顺承的关系,所以“buy”应用一般过去式。故选A项。 ( 考点 二 句子结构 ) 1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+V) SV句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为: 句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思, 这类动词叫不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 2.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) SVO句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词, 后面一定要跟介词构成及物动词词组。 We should often take part in sports and outdoor activities. 我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。 3. 主语+谓语(系动词)+表语(S+V+P) SVP句式就是我们常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样, 谓语动词需用连系动词(主要是be动词), 表语多为形容词, 也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。 4.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语(S+V+A) 5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) SVOO句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面, 直接宾语在后面。常见的接双宾语的及物动词 (1)give, tell, teach, write, bring, lend, hand, show, offer, send等后的间接宾语可转换为介词to的宾语。 6.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) SVOC句式中的动词虽然是及物动词, 但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语, 才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的, 直接跟在宾语之后。 7.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语(S+V+O+A) 8.存现句: 引导词there引导的句子 1.Studying the history of the country will make your visit more enjoyable. A.主谓宾宾补 B.主系表状 C.主谓宾状 D.状主谓宾 【答案】A 【详解】考查基本句型。句意:研究这个国家的历史会让你的旅行更加愉快。此为动名词短语Studying the history of the country作主语;will make作谓语,提示句子为一般将来时态;your visit为名词作宾语;more enjoyable为形容词比较级作宾补,所以,该句的结构为“主谓宾宾补”。故选A项。 2.The united Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. A.主谓宾状从 B.主系表定从 C.主谓宾定从 D.主系表状从 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:英国有着悠久而有趣的历史可供探索,这可以帮助你更多地了解这个国家及其传统。The United Kingdom是主语,has是谓语,a long and interesting history是宾语,which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions是which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰history,因此整体句子结构是主谓宾定语从句。故选C。 单句写作/句型转换 1. 桌上有一些花。(完全倒装) 【答案】On the table were/are some flowers. 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。表示“桌上”用介词短语“on the table”,位于句首引起完全倒装;“有”用动词be,表示“一些花”用some flowers。陈述过去或现在的事实,可用一般过在时或一般现去时,主语some flowers为复数,谓语动词为were/are,根据汉语提示,本句使用完全倒装,可以将作表语的介词短语“on the table”置于句首并将主语和谓语倒装,形成完全倒装句,句首字母大写。故翻译为On the table were/are some flowers。 2. 维持和睦关系的关键是定期、坦诚的沟通。 【答案】The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication. 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据汉语提示与句子分析可知,此句为主系表结构,用一般现在时。“维持和睦关系”表达为动词短语keep the peace;“……的关键”用名词短语the key to...来表达, to为介词,所以“维持和睦关系的关键”表达为the key to keeping the peace,在句中做主语,谓语动词用单数;“定期、坦诚的沟通”用名词短语regular and honest communication表达,在句中作表语,communication意为“交流,沟通”时是不可数名词;故此句可以翻译为The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication. 3. (1)An apple tree loves a boy very much. (2)The tree tries to meet the boy's various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return.(用“so…that…”结构连接) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】An apple tree loves a boy so much that it tries to meet the boy's various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return. 【详解】考查so…that…结构的使用。句意: 一棵苹果树非常爱一个男孩以至于树试图满足男孩的各种愿望,但除了他的陪伴,什么也不要。原句中有两个独立的句子,使用“so…that…”结构可以将这两个句子连接起来,表示因果关系。句子结构为“主语 + 动词 + so + 形容词/副词 + that + 结果从句”。故正确答案为An apple tree loves a boy so much that it tries to meet the boy’s various wishes but wants nothing but his company in return。 4. People were so surprised that they were willing to buy some popcorn from the poorly-dressed little boy. (句型转换) → they were willing to buy some popcorn 【答案】So surprised were People that 【详解】考查倒装句型。句意: 人们如此地惊讶,以至于他们愿意从这个衣衫褴褛的小男孩那里买一些爆米花。根据句意以及句子要求句型转换可知,原句为so…that…“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句,可转换为so+形容词位于句首的部分倒装结构,即so+surprised置于句首,主句中的系动词were位于主语之前,其余部分不变。故填So surprised were People that 难点一 宾语补足语 1.The change won’t make you disappointed. (对划线部分进行句子成分划分) A.谓语 B.主语 C.宾补 D.直接宾语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意:这种变化不会让你失望的。分析句子可知,The change为主语;won’t make为谓语;you为宾语;disappointed为形容词作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语you的状态。故选C项。 2.(24-25高二下·广东清远·阶段练习)At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.画横线的部分在句子中作什么成分? A.宾语 B.宾补 C.状语 D.定语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意:50岁时,她发现自己失业了,只能呆在家里用电脑陪伴自己。分析句子可知,本句中she为主语;found为谓语;herself为宾语;out of work and stuck at home为宾补,对宾语进行补充说明其状态。故选B项。 难点二 定语 3.(24-25高一上·广东珠海·阶段练习)Our English teacher recommended us a reference book whose content was detailed and well-organized. 请判断划线部分的句子成分:________ A.object (宾语) B.attributive (定语) C.adverbial (状语) D.complement (补语) 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意:我们的英语老师给我们推荐了一本参考书,内容详细,组织有序。划线部分是whose引导的定语从句,修饰名词book。故选B。 4.指出句子 “I like the book which has many pictures.” 中修饰 “book” 的定语是什么。 【答案】which has many pictures 【详解】考查句子成分。句意:我喜欢那本有许多图画的书。“which has many pictures”是一个定语从句,它的功能就是对先行词“book”进行修饰限定,进一步说明是有着很多图片的那本书,所以它是修饰“book”的定语。故填which has many pictures。 5.请找出句子“The students from Class Two are very active.”中修饰“students”的定语是什么。 【答案】from Class Two 【详解】考查介词短语。句意:二班的学生非常活跃。分析句子可知,介词短语“from Class Two”作后置定语,修饰名词students,用于说明这些学生来自哪个班级。故填:from Class Two。 难点三: 基本结构 1.“I drank a cup of coffee before I left for school this morning.”该句所属句子基本类型“________”。 A.主语+谓语+宾语+状语 B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 C.主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语 D.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子类型。句意:今天早上我去学校之前喝了一杯咖啡。“I”是主语,“drank”是谓语,“a cup of coffee”是宾语,“before I left for school this morning”是时间状语。该句子的基本类型是“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”,故选A。 2.句子成分分析正确的一项是:(   ) He bought me some interesting English novels. A.S+V+O+ A B.S+V+DO+ IO C.S+V+IO+ DO D.S+V+O+C 【答案】C 【详解】考查基本句型。句意:他给我买了几本有趣的英文小说。在本句中,代词He为主语(S),动词buy作谓语(V)使用了一般过去时,代词宾格me作间接宾语(IO)名词短语some interesting English novels作直接宾语(DO)。故选C项。 · 提升专练 一.单句语法填空 1. (fortune), I wore the seat belt, otherwise I would have been injured! 【答案】Fortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意:幸好我系了安全带,否则我就受伤了!提示词修饰后面整个句子,用副词fortunately作状语,意为“幸运地”,且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Fortunately。 2.She has donated a lot of money to the school and she has made a great (contribute) to education. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意:她给学校捐了很多钱,并且她为教育事业做出了巨大的贡献。本空作has made的宾语,应用名词contribution“贡献”,前面有不定冠词a修饰,此处用单数形式。故填contribution。 3.Whatever happens, we will work together and rise this challenge. 【答案】to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意:无论发生什么,我们都将共同努力,迎接这一挑战。rise to“应对,迎接”,固定短语,故填to。 4.Barbara often makes a schedule to get herself (remind) of what she is to do in the day.   【答案】reminded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:芭芭拉经常制定一个时间表,让自己被提醒当天要做的事情。“get+宾语+宾语补足语”是固定结构,herself是宾语,remind和herself 之间是被动关系,即“她自己被提醒”,所以用过去分词reminded作宾语补足语。故填reminded。 5.In the debate competition, the team members showed a (profession) attitude by preparing thoroughly and presenting their arguments logically. 【答案】professional 【详解】考查形容词。句意:在辩论赛中,队员们充分准备,逻辑陈述,表现出了专业的态度。 空格前有冠词a,后接名词attitude,因此需要形容词修饰名词。profession(名词,职业)的形容词形式是professional“专业的”。故填professional。 6.Jan’s life (improve) by the Internet so far. 【答案】has been improved 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,互联网已经改善了简的生活。根据时间状语so far可知,句子时态应用现在完成时,主语Jan’s life与improve之间为被动关系,句子应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语Jan’s life为单数概念,助动词应用has。故填has been improved。 7. (individual) should take responsibility for their actions 【答案】Individuals 【详解】考查名词复数。句意:个人应该对自己的行为负责。individual是可数名词,结合their可知应用名词复数形式作主语,位于句首,首字母应大写,故填Individuals。 8. (aim) at spreading traditional Chinese culture through English, a “Stories of China Retold in English” Challenge was held in our school. 【答案】Aimed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了用英语传播中国传统文化,我校举办了“用英语讲中国故事”挑战赛。短语be aimed at 意为“目的是;旨在”,此处为过去分词短语作状语,首字母大写。故填Aimed。 9.The artist combines different (technical) in the same painting. 【答案】techniques 【详解】考查名词。句意:这位艺术家在同一幅画作中融合了不同的技法。根据句意和空格前的动词combines可知,空格处应该用名词technique作宾语,可数名词,由形容词different可知,此处应该用复数形式。故填techniques。 10.For the past few years, Wuzhen (host) the World Internet Conference, which makes life in this ancient town much more convenient than it has been. 【答案】has hosted 【详解】考查时态。句意:在过去的几年里,乌镇主办了世界互联网大会,这使得这个古镇的生活比以前方便多了。根据时间状语For the past few years可知,此处用现在完成时态,主语是Wuzhen,第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has hosted。 11.More than one worker in this factory (come) from nearby villages. 【答案】comes 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:这家工厂里不止一个工人来自附近的村庄。come from“来自”。这里描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时,“more than one+可数名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。本空用come的第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 12.She is very busy these days, she can’t go to the party with us. 【答案】so 【详解】考查连词。句意:她这些天很忙,所以她不能和我们一起去参加聚会。根据句意可知,此处为连词“so”,表示“所以”在这里表示因果关系,“She is very busy these days”(她这些天很忙)是原因,“she can’t go to the party with us”(她不能和我们一起去参加派对)是结果。故填so。 13.A daily planner serves as a (remind) for high school students to stay organized and manage their time effectively. 【答案】reminder 【详解】考查名词。句意:每日计划可以提醒高中生保持条理,有效地管理他们的时间。空处作宾语,由a可知应用名词单数reminder,故填reminder。 15.A (balance) diet and regular exercise are essential for high school students to maintain good health. 【答案】balanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意:均衡的饮食和规律的运动对高中生保持身体健康是必不可少的。修饰名词diet用形容词balanced,作定语。故填balanced。 16.The project, (base) on extensive research, aims to enhance the learning experience for high school students. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:该项目基于广泛的研究,旨在提高高中学生的学习体验。此处base与project构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填based。 17.A crucial lesson that high school students must learn is taking (responsible) for their own actions. 【答案】responsibility 【详解】考查名词。句意:高中生必须学会的重要一课是对自己的行为负责。作动词的宾语,用名词responsibility,不可数。故填responsibility。 18.High school students learn to solve problems (individual) by working on individual projects. 【答案】individually 【详解】考查副词。句意:高中学生通过个人项目学习单独解决问题。空处修饰动词solve,应用副词形式,故填individually。 二、完成句子 1.校园吉尼斯活动提供多样的挑战,从一分钟打字到单词背诵比拼。(分词作状语) The Campus Guinness Records event offers one-minute typing competition contests. 【答案】 a variety of challenges ranging from to word memorization 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。表示“多样的”应用a variety of;表示“挑战”应用challenge,此处使用名词复数形式;表示“从……到……的范围”应用动词短语range from...to...,作后置定语,修饰名词challenges,二者为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式;表示“单词背诵”应用word memorization。故填①a variety of challenges ranging from;②to word memorization。 2.当你遇到困难时,你会遇到其他正在面临类似挑战的人。 When you times, you meet others . 【答案】 go through tough; who are facing similar challenges 【详解】考查动词(短语)、时态和定语从句。表示“遇到”应用go through,根据主句谓语meet可知when引导的时间状语从句使用一般现在时,主语为you,谓语动词用原形;“遇到困难”表达为go through tough times,tough为形容词“困难的”;表示“面临”应用动词face,表示“类似的挑战”应用similar challenges;“正在面临类似挑战的人”可表达为定语从句修饰先行词others,从句使用现在进行时,表示正在进行的动作;关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语,用who引导,定语从句表达为who are facing similar challenges。故填①go through tough;②who are facing similar challenges。 3.Last term, the members of our school’s music club       digital tools to create an innovative Peking Opera performance for the Cultural Festival in the school. 上学期我校音乐社成员利用数字工具为学校的文化节创作了一场创新的京剧表演。 【答案】 took advantage of 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。此处为动词短语作谓语,根据汉语提示可知,应用take advantage of表示“利用”;根据“Last term”可知,句子时态为一般过去时。故填①took②advantage③of。 4.想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化,我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环,然后尽力去调整。 To in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. 【答案】facilitate a positive change 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据中文提示可知,对比中英文可知,表示“促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化”,可理解为“促使积极改变我们的坏习惯”,“促使”可用动词facilitate,且这里应用原形,与前面To构成不定式;表示“积极”,可用形容词positive,修饰change“改变”,change此处表示泛指,用不定冠词修饰。故填facilitate a positive change。 5.为了营造出更温馨的氛围,人们常常利用假期开始用一些富有创意且个性化的元素来装饰自己的家。 To create a more welcoming , people often the holidays to start their homes with creative and personalized elements. 【答案】 atmosphere take advantage of decorating 【详解】考查名词、固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“氛围”用atmosphere,根据前面的a可知,此处用单数形式,作create的宾语;表示“利用”用take advantage of,句子陈述的是经常或习惯性动作,时态用一般现在时,主语people是复数,所以take用原形;表示“装饰”用decorate,start doing sth.表示 “开始做某事”,所以此处用动名词decorating,作start的宾语。故填:①atmosphere;②take;③advantage;④of;⑤decorating。 6.随着商家对这些庆祝活动的利用,节日正变得越来越商业化。 Festivals , the celebrations. 【答案】 are becoming more and more commercial with business taking advantage of 【详解】考查时态、with复合结构。表示“变得”用become,句子描述正在发生的事情,时态用现在进行时,且主语为festivals,所以be动词用are。表示“越来越商业化”用more and more commercial。表示“随着商家对这些庆祝活动的利用”用with复合结构,表示“商家”用business,作with的宾语;表示“利用”用take advantage of,与business为主动关系,所以用现在分词短语taking advantage of,作宾语补足语。故填①are becoming more and more commercial;②with business taking advantage of。 7.在一个团队中,不同的个体会贡献各自的技能和想法来解决问题。 In a team, different bring skills and ideas to solve problems. 【答案】individuals 【详解】考查名词。设空处表示“个体”,应用individual,为可数名词,空前有different,这里应用名词复数作主语。故填individuals。 8. , it is believed that regular exercise also boosts mental well-being . (addition) 除了改善身体健康外,人们认为规律锻炼还能促进心理健康。 【答案】In addition to improving physical health//In addition to enhancing physical health/In addition to boosting physical health/In addition to promoting physical health/In addition to strengthening physical health 【详解】考查介词短语和动词。根据提示的单词addition及句意,表示“除了……之外”可以用介词短语in addition to表达,其后接动名词形式;表示“改善”的动词为improve, enhance,boost,promote,和strengthen,位于介词后应使用动名词形式作宾语,表示“身体健康”为physical health作宾语,位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填In addition to improving/enhancing/boosting/promoting/strengthening physical health。 9.He has always been       me. 他老是占我的便宜。 【答案】 taking advantage of 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意:他老是占我的便宜。“占……的便宜”常用短语“take advantage of”,根据“has always been”可知,这里使用现在完成进行时,其结构为have/has been doing,take的现在分词形式为taking,taking advantage of符合语境。故填taking advantage of。 10.Through Snow’s , the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 经过斯诺的不懈努力,世界各地的霍乱威胁大幅降低。 【答案】 tireless efforts 【详解】考查形容词和名词。根据句意“不懈努力”可知,句中涉及单词“tireless”,意为“不知疲倦的,不懈的”,形容词,“effort”意为“努力”,为可数名词,句中应用其复数形式“efforts”,表示一类事物,“tireless efforts”表示“不懈努力”。故填tireless efforts。 三、句型转换 1.I’m going to make use of this tour to explore the history of the castle.(同义句转换) I’m going to this tour to explore the history of the castle. 【答案】 take advantage of 【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我将利用这次旅行来探索城堡的历史。“make use of”含义为利用,其另一种英文表达为take advantage of。故答案为①take②advantage③of。 2.How to better store and sell agricultural products is a key issue to farmers once the harvest is done. 记句式: sth. is a key issue to sth. “……是……的关键问题”(点明关键问题) 学仿写:如何利用互联网的优点同时规避其缺点,是解决信息安全的关键问题。 【答案】How to take advantages of the Internet and avoid its disadvantages is a key issue to solve the problem of information security. 【详解】考查固定短语和动词短语。根据原句句型以及句子的提示要求可知,表示“如何去做……”应为固定短语How to do;表示“利用互联网的优点”应为动词短语take advantages of the Internet;表示“规避其缺点”应为动词短语avoid its disadvantages;表示“……是……的关键问题”应为固定短语sth. is a key issue to sth;表示“解决信息安全问题”应为动词短语solve the problem of information security。故答案是:How to take advantages of the Internet and avoid its disadvantages is a key issue to solve the problem of information security. 3.The Incas’ dry stone method of building is especially amazing.(改写为倒装句) Incas’ dry stone method of building. 【答案】 Especially amazing is the 【详解】考查倒装。句意:印加人的干石建筑方法尤其令人惊叹。把作表语的形容词amazing置于句首,句子应该用完全倒装,修饰amazing的副词especially随amazing提前。故填Especially amazing is the。 4.They have put forward a proposal to strengthen cybersecurity. (改为被动语态) 【答案】A proposal has been put forward to strengthen cybersecurity. 【详解】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:他们提出了加强网络安全的建议。变为被动语态时,原句中的宾语“a proposal”是主语,“have put forward a proposal”变为现在完成时的被动语态,have/has been done,主语proposal是单数,因此用has been put forward,“to strengthen cybersecurity”是不定式作目的状语,改为被动语态时,此部分不变,因此被动语态的句子是A proposal has been put forward to strengthen cybersecurity。故答案为A proposal has been put forward to strengthen cybersecurity. 5.The host had cleaned the house by the time the guests arrived.(改成被动句) 【答案】The house had been cleaned by the host by the time the guests arrived. 【详解】考查时态语态。句意:客人到达时,主人已经打扫了房子。原句的主句为过去完成时,过去完成时的被动语态构成应为had been done,根据要求将句子变成被动句,要将原来的宾语the house变成被动语态句子的主语,谓语用had been cleaned,用by引出动作的执行者,即原句的主语the host,时间状语不变。故答案为:The house had been cleaned by the host by the time the guests arrived. 6.Notice needs to be put in the school newspaper and on the school website.(用put开头改成祈使句) _______________________________________________________________________________【答案】Put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website. 【详解】考查祈使句、动词短语和介词短语。句意:在校报和学校网站上发布通知。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知,原句可转换为用put开头的祈使句、表示“张贴告示,通知”应为动词短语Put a notice,表示“在校报和学校网站上”应为介词短语in the school newspaper and on the school website。故答案是Put a notice in the school newspaper and on the school website. 7.Encourage the students to take an active part in activities about English.(用participate in替换,改成不定式表目的) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To encourage the students to participate in activities about English 【详解】考查不定式。句意:鼓励学生积极参加英语活动。根据句意及要求,用participate in“参加”代替take an active part in“积极参加”,在动词encourage前加不定式符号to,构成动词不定式表目的。故答案为:To encourage the students to participate in activities about English。 8.You are asked to express yourself in the limited time (5 minutes/each). (改成祈使句) _____________________________________________________________________________【答案】Express yourself in the limited time (5 minutes/each). 【详解】考查祈使句。句意:在有限的时间内(每人5分钟)表达自己。根据题干要求,需把原句改为祈使句,祈使句是带有请求或命令的句子,且用动词原形开头,所以把原句的“You are asked to”去掉,因为祈使句本身有命令之意,然后用express开头,首字母大写。故改为:Express yourself in the limited time (5 minutes/each). 9.Students are confident about/of their English. (用“make+宾语+宾补”结构和不定式表目的改写) _______________________________________________________________________________【答案】To make the students more confident about their English 【详解】考查不定式和句子结构。句意:学生们对自己的英语很有信心。用不定式表目的改写,故用to make作目的状语,根据“make+宾语+宾补”结构可知,本题用 the students“学生们”作宾语,用more confident about their English“对自己的英语很有信心”作宾补。故答案为To make the students more confident about their English。 10.We set about discussing when and how we should finish the task. (句型转换) →We    when and how we should finish the task. 【答案】 set out to discuss 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我们开始讨论何时以及如何完成这项任务。原句中的谓语部分使用了动词短语set about doing something意为“开始着手做某事”,短语set out to do something表示相同的意思,改写句中可以使用这个短语替换,保持时态一致。所以表示“开始讨论”使用set out to discuss。故填set;out;to;discuss。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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