精品解析：2025届湖北省襄阳市第五中学高三下学期适应考试三英语试题

襄阳五中2025届高三下学期适应考试三 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（1-20小题，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Where is the man probably? A. In an office. B. In a lift. C. At home. 2．Who does the man’s niece take after most? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her grandfather. 3．Why does the woman call the man? A. To borrow a book. B. To invite him on a trip. C. To comment on a book. 4．What is the man trying to do? A. Make an apology. B. Motivate the woman. C. Predict the result. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Methods for learning new words. B. Difficulties of memorizing words. C. Apps for learning a new language. 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 听材料，回答下列题。 6. What does the man’s job mainly involve? A. Writing about caves. B. Cleaning up caves. C. Drawing on cave walls. 7. What does the man invite the woman to do? A. Attend a meeting. B. Explore a cave. C. Photograph rocks. 听材料，回答下列题。 8. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To explain her absence. B. To borrow his notes. C. To ask about a class. 9.Which poem did the man fail to learn today? A. For the Peace. B. The Small Island. C. Flowers Under the Sun. 10. What will the speakers do this afternoon? A. Buy a poetry book. B. Go to the library. C. Talk to their professor. 听材料，回答下列题。 11. What uniform did the woman wear in the photo? A. The autumn uniform. B. The summer uniform. C. The winter uniform. 12.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Workmates. C. Schoolmates. 13. What is the man’s last suggestion for the old uniforms? A. Donate them to charity. B. Transform them into new items. C. Throw them into the recycling bins. 听材料，回答下列题。 14.When did the woman take an interest in computers? A. When she created her first program. B. When she attended a computer class. C. When she solved a computer problem. 15. How old was the woman when her first app came onto the market? A. Seven. B. Nine. C. Sixteen. 16. What will the woman do next year? A. Study in college. B. Work on a new software. C. Get training in an AI company. 17. What is the woman’s future plan? A. To write a book about AI. B. To develop a new computer. C. To create a language model. 听材料，回答下列题。 18. How did the speaker feel about her career just after graduation? A. Puzzled. B. Confident. C. Carefree. 19. What made the speaker decide to take the sign language course? A. Its free fees. B. Its bright job prospects. C. Its good studying conditions. 20.What did the speaker find most difficult? A. Hosting a sports event. B. Learning sign language well. C. Signing a song with a happy beat. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Part of STEM learning is seeing and doing, and then recording and analyzing the results. But not all online or homeschool programs are set up to accommodate science experiments or other STEM learning activities. Let’s take a look at a few mind-blowing labs that can help bring STEM topics alive for your child’s online school experience. Weather Laboratories To make learning about weather accessible and fun, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) created a lot of informative weather activities and virtual labs they recommend for students and educators. In fact, their weather science content for kids features a Weather Lab application that allows middle school students to predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when ocean currents and air masses interact. Simulations (模拟) for Science and Math It is a project of the University of Colorado Boulder and one of the richest single databases of online science interactive and virtual labs. Investigate more than 150 physics, chemistry, math, biology, and Earth science topics. Available in dozens of languages, they are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility. Space Exploration Simulations The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) features many STEM learning activities for students in grades K-12. The interactive simulations are also gamified and make learning engaging and fun for your child. The app allows users to explore the universe and unlock stories of pioneering scientists and their contributions to space exploration and science. 1. Who is the text intended for? A. Researchers. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. Parents. 2. What is unique about Simulations for Science and Math? A. It has a translation centre. B. It provides virtual labs. C. It covers the most subjects. D. It offers interactive games. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To persuade. B. To inform. C. To comment. D. To advertise. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用。文章主要介绍了一些能让孩子在线学习STEM课程时更生动有趣的实验室，包括气象实验室、科学与数学模拟实验室、太空探索模拟实验室。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Let’s take a look at a few mind-blowing labs that can help bring STEM topics alive for your child’s online school experience.(让我们看看几个令人惊叹的实验室，它们可以帮助您的孩子在在线学习中让 STEM 主题变得生动起来。)”中的“your child”可知，文章是面向家长推荐适合孩子的在线STEM学习资源。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It is a project of the University of Colorado Boulder and one of the richest single databases of online science interactive and virtual labs.(它是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一个项目，也是最丰富的在线科学互动和虚拟实验室单一数据库之一。)”及“Investigate more than 150 physics, chemistry, math, biology, and Earth science topics.(可研究 150 多个物理、化学、数学、生物学和地球科学主题。)”以及其他实验室介绍可知，Simulations for Science and Math涵盖学科范围极广（超过150个主题），这是其独特之处。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文客观介绍了多个STEM虚拟实验室的功能和特点，未包含劝说、评论或广告意图，目的是向读者传递信息。所以根据文章整体内容可推知，写作目的是告知。故选B。 When I bought a house in Portland four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, intending to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or long-lasting flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d dealt with such difficulties with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. Replacing this vastly greater quantity of dirt was neither practical nor financially possible. Instead, I decided to remediate(补救)what I already had. The challenge before me was to revive the soil. Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift—minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns, prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers, integrating crops and trees with livestock like cattle or sheep, and sheltering soil from being washed away with cover crops, often work. I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived my garden’s ecological communities. In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, various forms of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white fungal mycelium(真菌菌丝). Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard—it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity(个体)in its own right. Although science still lacks an agreed definition of life, textbooks highlight criteria widely considered to differentiate the living and nonliving. Soil meets many of them: It has a highly organized structure. It has a capacity for active self-preservation. It grows. It breathes. And it can die. 4. What was the original state of the soil in the author’s garden? A. Wet and salty. B. Poor and stony. C. Dry and sandy. D. Acidic and weedy. 5. What was the focus of the author’s gardening methods? A. Restricting plant varieties. B. Increasing soil intervention. C. Creating a sustainable environment. D. Employing chemical fertilizers. 6. Why does the author mention the replanting in May? A. To argue for the use of fertilizers. B. To show the effect of soil restoration. C. To highlight garden’s role as a habitat. D. To demonstrate the transplanting process. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Discovering the Living Nature of Soil. B Exploring Soil’s Role in Creating Life. C. Understanding Plants’ Soil Requirements. D. Overcoming Urban Gardening Challenges. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在波特兰购买房屋后，面对不肥沃的土壤如何进行花园改造的个人经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones.(但我很快发现，这里的土壤贫瘠，黏土含量高，还布满了石块。)”可知，作者花园里的土壤原本贫瘠且布满石块。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift—minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity.(现代农业的两个核心原则可以指导这一转变——尽量减少对土壤的干扰，强调生物多样性。)”以及第三段“I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived my garden’s ecological communities.(我试着在我的花园里运用这些方法。在曾经只有草的地方，我建了一个池塘、一个岩石花园、一片野花田和一些种蔬菜的高架苗床。我让植物自然生长和分解。我还引入了不同的植物，让花园的生态群落重新焕发生机。)”可知，作者采用现代农业的核心原则（减少土壤干扰、强调生物多样性），通过引入多样植物、恢复生态群落等方式改善土壤。这些方法的核心是营造可持续的生态环境。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, various forms of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white fungal mycelium(真菌菌丝).(五月，我决定移栽一株开花植物。当我把它挖出来时，各种各样的生命出现了。蚯蚓从根部晃来晃去。一只盲蛛匆匆找地方躲起来。在植物下面，我甚至注意到了纤细的白色真菌菌丝。)”可知，作者在移栽植物时发现土壤中出现了蚯蚓、盲蛛、真菌菌丝等多种生物。旨在通过展示土壤中生机勃勃的生命迹象，证明土壤修复措施已产生效果。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕作者改良花园土壤的经历展开，核心在于通过实践（减少干扰、增加生物多样性）使土壤恢复生机，并在过程中领悟到土壤本身是有生命的个体。文中多次强调土壤的生命特征（如组织结构、自我保护、生长呼吸等），最后一段更直接升华主题：土壤不仅是生命载体，更是具有生命特质的存在。选项A“Discovering the Living Nature of Soil(发现土壤的生命本质)”准确概括了作者从“改良土壤”到“认识土壤生命性”的转变，紧扣全文核心。故选A。 Genres are often viewed as structural frameworks for literary texts, onto which elements like imagery, character, plot, and setting are layered. These frameworks are passed down through generations, evolving over time. Among all genres, the novel received the most critical attention in the twentieth century, often praised as the “king of genres” due to its reflection on the real world. Yet, in the nineteenth century, it was primarily seen as a form of middle-class entertainment. It was not until the twentieth century that the novel was lifted to the status of an art form, joining in the same league as painting or classical music. Later on, many scholars successively studied the characteristics of novels from the 18th and 19th centuries. Recently, in a book of Edwin Frank, Stranger Than Fiction, he raises an appealing question: Is there such a thing as a “twentieth-century novel”? Is it meaningful to distinguish the twentieth-century novel from the nineteenth-century one—or even from the novel of the twenty-first century? Frank thinks so. In his book, he illustrates how the twentieth-century novel matures into a distinct literary genre. The twentieth century was a period of violent change; therefore, violent change is what the twentieth-century novel reflects—not, or not only, in its subject matter but in its form. Frank suggests that, modern as the twentieth-century novel is, it shows the cultural relevance to development of societies. However, that relevance seems to have decreased. Today, the novel no longer holds a central place in the cultural conversation. People’s daily question has shifted from “What are you reading?” to “What are you streaming?” Television series have emerged as the dominant form of middle-class entertainment in the twenty-first century. Has influential television reshaped the role of the novel? Many nineteenth-century novels gain vitality in the twentieth century through film adaptations. Henry James, for example, would likely be pleased to know that The Portrait of a Lady has been adapted into a BBC miniseries, a feature film, and even a television version—each reaching a far larger audience than the original print edition could ever have hoped for. 8. Why did the novel gain recognition in the twentieth century? A. It mirrored real life. B. It displayed attractive characters. C. It was penned by the middle-class. D. It was presented in entertaining styles. 9. Which aspect of twentieth-century novel does Stranger Than Fiction talk about? A. Its rises and falls. B. Its expansion and effect. C. Its significance and limitation. D. Its evolution and uniqueness. 10. What is the author’ attitude towards the current role of novel in paragraph 4? A. Optimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Content. D. Concerned. 11. What does the example of The Portrait of a Lady indicate? A. Novels lose their artistic appeal. B. Adaptations reduce novelsˈ flavor. C. Media breathe new life into novels. D. TV shows change the role of novels. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨小说体裁的发展，尤其是20世纪小说的地位变化。小说在20世纪因反映现实而备受关注，被视为“体裁之王” 。如今小说在文化讨论中地位下降，而许多19世纪小说借改编重获生机，显示出媒体能赋予小说新生命。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Among all genres, the novel received the most critical attention in the twentieth century, often praised as the “king of genres” due to its reflection on the real world.(在所有体裁中，小说在20世纪受到了最重要的关注，因其对现实世界的反映而被誉为“体裁之王”)”可知，小说在二十世纪获得了认可是因为它反映了与现实的联系。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“In his book, he illustrates how the twentieth-century novel matures into a distinct literary genre. The twentieth century was a period of violent change; therefore, violent change is what the twentieth-century novel reflects — not, or not only, in its subject matter but in its form. Frank suggests that, modern as the twentieth-century novel is, it shows the cultural relevance to development of societies.(在他的书中，他阐述了20世纪的小说是如何发展成熟，成为一种独特的文学体裁的。20世纪是一个发生剧烈变革的时期；因此，剧烈的变革正是20世纪小说所反映的内容——这种反映不仅（或者说不只是）体现在小说的主题上，还体现在其形式上。弗兰克指出，尽管20世纪的小说具有现代性，但它也显示出与社会发展的文化关联性)”可知，Stranger Than Fiction阐述了二十世纪小说如何发展成为一种独特的文学体裁，且它还反应了二十世纪的社会动荡，即与社会文化相关，这是社会背景造成的，是它的独特性，由此可推知，Stranger Than Fiction关注的是二十世纪小说的发展和其独特性。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“However, that relevance seems to have decreased. Today, the novel no longer holds a central place in the cultural conversation. People’s daily question has shifted from “What are you reading?” to “What are you streaming?” Television series have emerged as the dominant form of middle-class entertainment in the twenty-first century.(然而，这种相关性似乎已经减弱。今天，小说在文化对话中不再占据中心位置。人们的日常问题已经从“你在看什么？”到“你在直播什么？”电视连续剧已成为21世纪中产阶级娱乐的主要形式)”可知，作者对于小说当下所扮演的角色的态度是担心的，故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Many nineteenth-century novels gain vitality in the twentieth century through film adaptations. Henry James, for example, would likely be pleased to know that The Portrait of a Lady has been adapted into a BBC miniseries, a feature film, and even a television version—each reaching a far larger audience than the original print edition could ever have hoped for.(许多19世纪的小说在20世纪通过电影改编而焕发了活力。例如，Henry James可能会很高兴地知道，The Portrait of a Lady已经被改编成BBC的迷你剧、故事片，甚至是电视版本——每一部都吸引了比原版印刷版所希望的更多的观众。)”可推知，The Portrait of a Lady的例子表明媒体为小说注入了生命。故选C。 As most Americans spend at least 50% of their food budget dining out, public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices. The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect, requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus. By representing these values (数值) in a discrepant way — intentionally using physically larger size of numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller size of numbers for high-calorie foods — businesses can shift customersˈ preferences toward healthier food, according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University. In their study, Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups. In the first group, calorie counts and font (字体) sizes rose and fell together. In the second group, the size became larger as the calorie count fell. Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness. Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option. Moreover, less health-conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. “Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” 12. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Creative. B. Relative. C. Inconsistent. D. Misleading. 13. What kind of customers would be affected most according to the research? A. Strict diet followers. B. Convenience food lovers. C. Home-cooking advocates. D. Health magazine readers. 14. In Cai’s study, the Stroop effect is mainly reflected in __________. A. the tendency to choose healthy food due to calorie B. the effect of customers’ preference for larger-sized food C the influence of color-word mismatch on people’s judgment D. the delay in reaction when number sizes mismatch their values 15. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants? A. Remove calorie information from menus. B. Use font magic to drive healthier choices. C. Pay more attention to the taste of the food. D. Attach healthy labels to food on the menu. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了华盛顿州立大学的蔡瑞英及其同事进行的一项研究，该研究通过改变菜单上卡路里数值的字体大小来影响顾客对食物的选择，从而鼓励顾客做出更健康的选择。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“intentionally using physically larger size of numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller size of numbers for high-calorie foods (故意在页面上为低热量选项使用更大的数字，而为高热量食品使用更小的数字)”可知，这种数值表示方式是不一致的，即故意在页面上使用更大的数字来表示低热量的食物选项，而使用更小的数字来表示高热量的食物。因此，划线词“discrepant”意为“不一致的”。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Moreover, less health-conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. (此外，健康意识较弱的参与者受到的影响最大，而健康意识较强的参与者受到的影响较小，因为他们已经倾向于选择更健康的食物。)”可知，健康意识较弱的参与者最容易受到影响，由此可推知，喜欢方便食品的人健康意识相对较弱，所以最容易受到影响。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. (以心理学家J. Ridley Stroop的名字命名，Stroop效应指的是在其经典形式中对不匹配的反应延迟。例如，如果单词“purple”是用绿色书写的，那么受访者识别颜色的时间就会比单词和颜色匹配的时间长。同样，在这项研究中，当数字的实际大小与其数值不匹配时，也会观察到这种效应。)”可知，在蔡的研究中，Stroop效应主要体现在当数字的大小与其数值不匹配时，人们的反应会出现延迟。故选D项。 15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” (她解释说：“健康食品对餐馆来说可能是有利可图的，但只要贴上‘健康’的标签，人们就会认为它不好吃。”“我们试图为餐馆提供间接的建议，而不是大声说出来。”)”可知，蔡瑞英认为简单地将食物标记为健康可能不会产生预期的效果，因为人们可能会认为健康的食物不好吃。她试图为餐馆提供间接的建议，而不是直接说出来。由此可推知，蔡瑞英可能会建议餐馆使用字体魔法来推动更健康的选择，即通过改变菜单上卡路里数值的字体大小来影响顾客对食物的选择。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a leadership consultant for many years, I’ve found many of the leaders I work with report feeling frustrated as they face the continuous change and uncertainty in the growing challenges of their roles. ____16____ Throughout their careers, leaders are conditioned to come up with the final, correct answer. Given that human brains tend to see uncertainty as a risk or threat, it’s physiologically normal to feel stress when faced with unfamiliar situations. Sadly, in the world of leadership training, we often celebrate qualities like decisiveness, innovation, and resilience (适应力). ____17____Without it, even the most talented leaders struggle to sustain their success. According to the psychological definition, frustration tolerance involves the ability to bear discomfort, manage emotional responses and maintain a forward mindset in the face of challenges. ____18____ It not only allows leaders to stand the discomfort of meaningful work without giving up but also helps them stay grounded and purposeful, even when results don’t match expectations. ____19____ Leaders can train this skill by pursuing goals outside of leadership that don’t offer instant rewards. Try going to the gym teaching discipline, patience and the value of gradual progress. These experiences build resilience and enhance frustration tolerance as a transferable skill. Also remember to prioritize rest and schedule breaks for re-energizing. ____20____ Recharging your energy ensures you’re better equipped to handle frustration and maintain the endurance needed for long-term success. A. They quit their jobs out of nowhere. B. Leadership is a marathon, not a sprint. C. Understandably, it’s easy for them to feel this way. D. In leadership, it is the unsung hero of long-term success. E. It’s tough yet achievable to develop frustration tolerance. F. Leadership can’t be developed by a one-size-fits-all approach. G. But one vital skill—frustration tolerance—is often overlooked. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述许多领导者因挑战感沮丧，领导力培训常忽视挫折容忍力，它对长期成功重要，可通过目标训练和休息培养。 【16题详解】 由上文“As a leadership consultant for many years, I’ve found many of the leaders I work with report feeling frustrated as they face the continuous change and uncertainty in the growing challenges of their roles. (作为一名多年的领导力顾问，我发现许多与我合作的领导者在面对其角色日益增长的挑战中持续的变化和不确定性时，都感到沮丧。)”可知， 这里指出领导者因挑战而感到沮丧的现象，空格处需解释这种感受的合理性，C项Understandably, it’s easy for them to feel this way.(可以理解，他们很容易有这种感觉。)符合语境，Understandably承接前文挑战背景，说明该感受源于领导者“被要求给出正确答案”的职业习惯和大脑对不确定性的本能反应，逻辑自洽。故选C项。 【17题详解】 由上文“we often celebrate qualities like decisiveness, innovation, and resilience.(我们经常推崇果断、创新和适应力等品质。)”可知， 此处提及领导力培训中常被推崇的品质，空格处需引出被忽视的关键能力，G项But one vital skill—frustration tolerance—is often overlooked.(但一项至关重要的技能 —— 挫折容忍力 —— 却常常被忽视。)符合语境，But转折前文内容，通过vital和overlooked突出“挫折容忍力”的重要性，且it与下文Without it形成指代呼应。故选G项。 【18题详解】 由上文“According to the psychological definition, frustration tolerance involves the ability to bear discomfort, manage emotional responses and maintain a forward mindset in the face of challenges. (根据心理学定义，挫折承受力包括忍受不适、管理情绪反应以及在面对挑战时保持积极向前的心态的能力。)”可知， 这里阐释挫折容忍力的心理学定义，空格处需说明其在领导力中的作用，D项In leadership, it is the unsung hero of long-term success.(在领导力中，它是长期成功的无名英雄。)符合语境，it指代frustration tolerance，用unsung hero形象化表达其未被重视却至关重要的地位，与后文“维持成功”的论述衔接紧密。故选D项。 【19题详解】 由下文“Leaders can train this skill by pursuing goals outside of leadership that don’t offer instant rewards. Try going to the gym teaching discipline, patience and the value of gradual progress.(领导者可以通过追求非即时回报的领导力之外的目标来训练这种能力。尝试去健身房 —— 这能培养纪律性、耐心以及循序渐进的价值。)”可知， 这里进入“如何培养挫折容忍力”的论述，E项It’s tough yet achievable to develop frustration tolerance.(培养挫折容忍力虽然困难，但并非不可能。)符合语境，tough yet achievable总领后文培养方法，强调该技能的可训练性，形成“总—分”结构。故选E项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Also remember to prioritize rest and schedule breaks for re-energizing.(还要记住优先休息并安排休息时间来恢复精力。)”可知， 这里建议通过休息恢复精力，空格处需强调领导力的长期性，B项Leadership is a marathon, not a sprint.(领导力是一场马拉松，而不是短跑。) 符合语境，用比喻说明领导力需要持续耐力，因此“休息”是必要策略，与“长期成功”主题呼应。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’ve reached the turn-around point of the day’s kayaking (皮划艇) adventure. Sweat drips down my cheeks and I ____21____ my fingers through the cool water. I look around. It’s just me, a couple of seagulls, and shining freshwater to the horizon. This, I whisper to myself, is ____22____. It had never ____23____ my mind to go on solo outings before because my loyal friends were always willing to go with me. But three years ago, I moved to Cleveland. Meeting close friends in a new city is ____24____. And a worldwide health crisis made ____25____ impossible. In October 2022, I decided to ____26____ solo hiking and spent a whole day in Cuyahoga Valley National Park (CVNP) appreciating the autumn leaves. Five miles in, I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so alive. I was more ____27____ of my surroundings than I’d ever been while hiking that day. I studied the markings of trees, focused my ____28____ on each forest sound and did something I had almost never ____29____ time in: I listened to my own thoughts. Every thought led me to a newfound ____30____ — solo hiking was where I found joy. From then on, I have adjusted myself to any solo activity. Pride ____31____ through my body when I first launched my kayak. My chest, ____32____ tightened by nerves, was bursting with happiness as I finally reached the middle of the river that I’d long ____33____ standing on shore before. Adventuring alone has become like medicine for me! It’s also pushed me to go ____34____ my comfort zone and to meet new people. Through meetups and social media, my adventure friend circle has ____35____. But at least once per month, I schedule time to hit nature with my favorite hiking companion: me. 21. A. slip B. tap C. point D. raise 22. A. exhausting B. terrible C. surprising D. awesome 23. A. changed B. crossed C. cleared D. opened 24. A. common B. crucial C. joyful D. tough 25. A. admissions B. conversations C. connections D. relationships 26. A. take up B. put up C. bring up D. pull up 27. A. ashamed B. scared C. aware D. tired 28. A. ears B. eyes C. fingers D. hands 29. A. wasted B. killed C. lost D. invested 30. A. myth B. truth C. taste D. story 31. A. pulled B. looked C. coursed D. carried 32. A. occasionally B. initially C. gradually D. instantly 33. A. swam B. visited C. rowed D. admired 34. A. within B. into C. beyond D. through 35. A. ballooned B. emerged C. narrowed D. faded 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从习惯与朋友一同出行到因搬家和全球健康危机开始尝试独自活动，并在独自徒步和皮划艇探险中找到乐趣和自我成长的过程。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汗水顺着我的脸颊淌下来，我的手指滑过冰凉的水。A. slip滑；B. tap轻拍，轻扣；C. point指；D. raise提高。根据下文“my fingers through the cool water”可知，作者的手指滑过冰凉的水。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我低声对自己说，这太棒了。A. exhausting令人精疲力竭的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. awesome很棒的。根据上文“It’s just me, a couple of seagulls, and shining freshwater to the horizon”可知，只有作者，几只海鸥，还有地平线上闪闪发光的淡水，所以作者觉得这很棒。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前从来没有想过要独自出游，因为我忠实的朋友总是愿意和我一起去。A. changed改变；B. crossed掠过，闪过；C. cleared清理；D. opened打开。根据下文“my mind to go on solo outings before because my loyal friends were always willing to go with me”可知，作者以前从来没有想过独自出游。cross one’s mind“闪过脑海，想过”，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个陌生的城市遇见亲密的朋友是很困难的。A. common常见的；B. crucial关键的；C. joyful令人高兴的；D. tough困难的。根据上文“Meeting close friends in a new city”可知，在一个陌生的城市遇见亲密的朋友是很困难的。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一场世界性的健康危机使得连接变得不可能。A. admissions入场费；B. conversations对话；C. connections连接；D. relationships关系。根据上文“a worldwide health crisis”可知，健康危机使得连接变得不可能。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：2022年10月，我决定开始独自徒步旅行，在Cuyahoga Valley National Park花了一整天的时间欣赏秋叶。A. take up开始从事；B. put up张贴；C. bring up养大；D. pull up停下来，停车。根据下文“solo hiking and spent a whole day in Cuyahoga Valley National Park”可知，作者决定开始独自徒步旅行，空格处意为“开始从事”。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天我比以往任何一次徒步旅行都更了解我周围的环境。A. ashamed惭愧的；B. scared害怕的；C. aware知道的，明白的；D. tired累的。根据下文“I studied the markings of trees”可知，作者比以往更了解周围的环境。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我研究树木的标记，把耳朵集中在森林里的每一个声音上，并做了一件我几乎从未花时间做的事：倾听自己的想法。A. ears耳朵；B. eyes眼睛；C. fingers手指；D. hands手。根据下文“on each forest sound”可知，此处指用耳朵听，把耳朵集中在每一个声音上。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我研究树木的标记，把耳朵集中在森林里的每一个声音上，并做了一件我几乎从未花时间做的事：倾听自己的想法。A. wasted浪费；B. killed杀死；C. lost丢失；D. invested投入。根据下文“time in: I listened to my own thoughts”可知，作者做了一件从未投入时间做的事情。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一个想法都让我找到了一个新的真理——独自徒步旅行是我找到快乐的地方。A. myth错误的观点，荒诞的说法；B. truth真理；C. taste味道；D. story故事。根据下文“solo hiking was where I found joy”可知，作者找到了一个新的真理。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次下水划皮划艇的时候，我的骄傲贯穿了我的全身。A. pulled拉；B. looked看；C. coursed奔流，快速流动，（感情、思想）涌动；D. carried搬运。根据下文“through my body when I first launched my kayak”可知，作者第一次划皮划艇的时候感到骄傲。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我终于到达河中央时，我的胸脯起初因紧张而绷紧，但现在却充满了幸福，因为我以前一直站在岸边，很羡慕这里。A. occasionally偶尔；B. initially起初；C. gradually逐渐；D. instantly立刻。根据下文“tightened by nerves, was bursting with happiness as I finally reached the middle of the river”可知，作者到河中央时，起初是因为紧张而感到紧绷。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于划到了那条我曾站在岸边长久欣赏的河流中央时，最初因紧张而紧绷的胸口，此刻充满了幸福。A. swam游泳；B. visited参观；C. rowed划（船）；D. admired欣赏。根据上文“the middle of the river”和下文“standing on shore before”可知，作者以前站在岸边长久地欣赏河流的中央。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：这也促使我走出自己的舒适区，去结识新朋友。A. within在（某段时间）之内；B. into进入；C. beyond超出；D. through穿过。根据下文“to meet new people”可知，此处是指走出自己的舒适区，去结识新朋友，go beyond意为“超出”。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过聚会和社交媒体，我的冒险朋友圈迅速扩大。A. ballooned激增，膨胀；B. emerged出现；C. narrowed使变窄；D. faded褪色。根据上文“Through meetups and social media, my adventure friend circle has”可知，通过聚会和社交媒体，作者的冒险朋友圈迅速扩大，空格处用ballooned。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Ru Kiln (汝窑) was one of the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty. Even today, it is believed ____36____ (hold) a crucial position in Chinese porcelain (瓷器) culture. Located in Ruzhou, Henan Province, it dedicated its production mainly to the royal court during the late Northern Song Dynasty when the demand for high-quality porcelain among the noble was ____37____ its peak. During the firing process, small pointed pieces of metal, which are arranged to support the precisely ____38____ (craft) porcelain, leave tiny marks on the bottom and play an important role in fully glazing (上釉) the porcelain body. The glaze, ____39____ color and texture are unique to Ru porcelain, is its most remarkable feature. Additionally, the porcelain body features delicate “crab claw patterns” cracks, which are ____40____ unusual and eye-catching characteristic. What causes these cracks is ____41____ the expansion rates between the glaze and the porcelain body vary as the temperature changes during the cooling process and they ____42____ (become) an intensely attractive part of the porcelain’s charm for generations. In 2001, the Ru Kiln site, where numerous precious porcelain-making ____43____ (remain) were unearthed, became a National Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit. In 2011, its firing technique, passed down with great care, was added to the list of National Intangible Cultural Heritage, showing its great value in Chinese culture. These recognitions ____44____ (effective) demonstrate the Ru Kiln’s profound significance, with its existence _____45_____ (function) as a living testament to China’s extensive porcelain-making heritage. 【答案】36. to hold 37. at 38. crafted 39. whose 40. an 41. that 42. have become 43. remains 44. effectively 45. functioning 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了宋代五大名窑之一的汝窑。 【36题详解】 考查不定式。句意：即使在今天，它也被认为在中国瓷器文化中占有至关重要的地位。sb. is believed to do sth.是固定短语，意为“某人被认为做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to hold。故填to hold。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：它位于河南省汝州，在北宋晚期，贵族对高品质瓷器的需求达到顶峰，主要为皇室生产。at its peak意为“达到巅峰”，因此空格处用介词at，故填at。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在烧制过程中，用来支撑精确制作的瓷器的小尖金属片会在底部留下微小的痕迹，并在瓷体上釉方面发挥重要作用。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词porcelain，空格处意为“精心制作的”，用crafted，故填crafted。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：釉的颜色和质地是汝瓷所特有的，是其最显著的特点。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，The glaze和color and texture之间是所属关系，因此用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此外，瓷体上还有精致“蟹爪纹”裂纹，这是一个不寻常的、引人注目的特征。characteristic是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unusual是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 【41题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：造成这些裂纹的原因是在冷却过程中，随着温度的变化，釉面和瓷体之间的膨胀率也会发生变化，它们已经成为一代又一代瓷器魅力中极具吸引力的一部分。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句，故填that。 【42题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：造成这些裂纹的原因是在冷却过程中，随着温度的变化，釉面和瓷体之间的膨胀率也会发生变化，它们已经成为一代又一代瓷器魅力中极具吸引力的一部分。根据语境可知，句子表示“它们已经成为一代又一代瓷器魅力中极具吸引力的一部分”，句子用现在完成时，主语they是复数，因此空格处是have become。故填have become。 【43题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：2001年，汝窑遗址成为全国重点文物保护单位，出土了大量珍贵的瓷器制作遗迹。根据“were”，空格处意为“遗址”，要用复数remains作主语。故填remains。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些认可有效地证明了汝窑深远意义，它的存在是中国广泛的瓷器制作遗产的活证明。空格处用副词effectively修饰动词demonstrate，effectively意为“有效地”，故填effectively。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些认可有效地证明了汝窑的深远意义，它的存在是中国广泛的瓷器制作遗产的活证明。此处是with复合结构，existence和function之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作宾语补足语，故填functioning。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，针对校园常有学生受伤的现象，外教Allen要求学生分组完成一份校园生活急救手册。请你代表小组写封邮件给Allen，内容包括： 1. 汇报任务完成情况； 2. 询问外教改进意见。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：急救手册 a first-aid manual Dear Allen, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Allen, This is Li Hua. On behalf of our group, I’m writing to inform you that we have completed the draft of the campus first-aid manual as assigned. We focused on common injuries like minor cuts, sprains, and nosebleeds, providing clear steps and illustrations. However, we would appreciate your feedback to improve it further. Could you please review the content and suggest any adjustments regarding accuracy, language, or design? Your guidance will be invaluable for the final version. Thank you! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表小组写封邮件给Allen，汇报任务完成情况以及询问外教改进意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 代表：on behalf of→in the name of 集中：focus on→concentrate on 改进：improve→upgrade 宝贵的：invaluable→precious 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We focused on common injuries like minor cuts, sprains, and nosebleeds, providing clear steps and illustrations. 拓展句：We focused on common injuries, which include minor cuts, sprains, and nosebleeds, providing clear steps and illustrations. 【点睛】[高分句型1] On behalf of our group, I’m writing to inform you that we have completed the draft of the campus first-aid manual as assigned. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] We focused on common injuries like minor cuts, sprains, and nosebleeds, providing clear steps and illustrations. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The old workshop door swung open slowly. Mia quietly walked in, her shoes stepping on wood shavings (刨花) that covered the floor. Sunlight streamed through the dusty windows, shining on her grandfather’s rough hands. He was gluing a chair leg. The calendar on the wall still showed January, its edges curled like dried leaves. On the desk, the order book lay open — February’ page was blank. There had been no new orders since mid-January. Mia quietly took out her phone and recorded Grandpa’s steady hands as he measured the wood with a metal ruler. “Maybe this will help,” she thought, eager to show how skilled he was. But when she posted the video online, the comments were cruel. “Nobody wants old-fashioned furniture anymore!” “No wonder his shop is failing!” Heart sinking, Mia quickly deleted it. A spider crawled across the empty order book, as if even it knew not many people wanted handmade things these days. “Want to see my treasure?” Grandpa’s voice broke the silence. He pulled out an old photo album filled with pencil sketches — dining tables from 1960 and rocking chairs from 1972. A faded photo slipped out: a grinning boy with a missing tooth, proudly holding a curved (弧形的) wooden spoon. “Jake,” Grandpa said, smiling. “My first student. Now a famous furniture designer. This curved spoon was his first project.” He gently touched the curve of the spoon in the photo and told Mia how Jake carved this as a boy. “Machines make things fast, but hands remember stories. Jake never forgot. Last year, he won an award for a curved staircase, and the idea came from this very spoon.” Mia looked at the photo — the curved spoon, Jakeˈs smile, and Grandpa’s young handwriting on the back: Jakeˈs first piece, age 7. Beside her, fresh wood shavings were shining. Suddenly she had an idea: to share not just the work, but the story behind it! 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para.1 “Stories must be told,” Mia murmured, picking up her phone again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para.2 Hours later, when Mia read the comments, her eyes widened in disbelief. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “Stories must be told,” Mia murmured, picking up her phone again. She started with Grandpa’s wrinkled hands carving wood, then zoomed in on (镜头拉近) the photo of young Jake with his spoon. At last, she focused the camera on Grandpa’s recent creations — a gracefully curved rocking chair, a delicately crafted dining table, each piece with a story to be remembered. After she hit the “Upload” button, a wave of hope and nervousness surged through her. Hours later, when Mia read the comments, her eyes widened in disbelief. The screen flooded with comments: “This moved me to tears!” “How can I order a piece?” Then, an email popped up. It was from Jake, the grinning boy from Grandpa’s faded photo, who said he would come back to collaborate with Grandpa. Soon orders began flooding in, filling February’s blank page and breathing life back into the silent workshop. Mia, smiling, knew their workshop’s legacy would live on — one story at a time. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mia在爷爷的老木工坊里，目睹了爷爷手艺精湛却面临订单稀少的困境。她试图通过录制视频分享爷爷的手艺来帮助他，但遭到了网友的负面评论。在感到沮丧时，爷爷向她展示了一本旧相册，其中包含了他与第一个学生Jake的回忆，以及Jake以一把弧形木勺为起点，最终成为著名家具设计师的故事，受到启发的Mia决定不仅要分享爷爷的手艺，还要分享背后的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““一定要讲故事，”Mia喃喃地说，又拿起了电话。”可知，第一段可描写Mia受到爷爷启发后，重新拿起手机，开始录制并分享爷爷的手艺以及这些手艺背后的故事。 ②由第二段首句内容“几个小时后，当Mia读到这些评论时，她难以置信地睁大了眼睛。”可知，第二段可描写Mia在上传分享爷爷手艺及其背后故事的视频后，所获得的积极反馈和意外收获。 2.续写线索：录制视频——上传视频——收到评论——Jake说要回来和爷爷合作——收到订单——Mia感到高兴 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①把相机对准：focus the camera on/concentrate the camera on ②点击按钮：hit the button/click on the button ③涌入：flood in/flock in 情绪类 ①紧张：nervousness/tension ②笑：smile/grin 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was from Jake, the grinning boy from Grandpa’s faded photo, who said he would come back to collaborate with Grandpa. (由who引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Mia, smiling, knew their workshop’s legacy would live on—one story at a time. (由that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 襄阳五中2025届高三下学期适应考试三 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（1-20小题，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Where is the man probably? A. In an office. B. In a lift. C. At home. 2．Who does the man’s niece take after most? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her grandfather. 3．Why does the woman call the man? A. To borrow a book. B. To invite him on a trip. C. To comment on a book. 4．What is the man trying to do? A. Make an apology. B. Motivate the woman. C. Predict the result. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Methods for learning new words. B Difficulties of memorizing words. C. Apps for learning a new language. 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 听材料，回答下列题。 6. What does the man’s job mainly involve? A. Writing about caves. B. Cleaning up caves. C. Drawing on cave walls. 7. What does the man invite the woman to do? A. Attend a meeting. B. Explore a cave. C. Photograph rocks. 听材料，回答下列题。 8. Why does the woman come to the man? A. To explain her absence. B. To borrow his notes. C. To ask about a class. 9.Which poem did the man fail to learn today? A. For the Peace. B. The Small Island. C. Flowers Under the Sun. 10. What will the speakers do this afternoon? A. Buy a poetry book. B. Go to the library. C. Talk to their professor. 听材料，回答下列题。 11. What uniform did the woman wear in the photo? A. The autumn uniform. B. The summer uniform. C. The winter uniform. 12.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Workmates. C. Schoolmates. 13. What is the man’s last suggestion for the old uniforms? A. Donate them to charity. B. Transform them into new items. C. Throw them into the recycling bins. 听材料，回答下列题。 14.When did the woman take an interest in computers? A. When she created her first program. B. When she attended a computer class. C. When she solved a computer problem. 15. How old was the woman when her first app came onto the market? A. Seven. B. Nine. C. Sixteen. 16. What will the woman do next year? A. Study in college. B. Work on a new software. C. Get training in an AI company. 17. What is the woman’s future plan? A. To write a book about AI. B. To develop a new computer. C. To create a language model. 听材料，回答下列题。 18. How did the speaker feel about her career just after graduation? A. Puzzled. B. Confident. C. Carefree. 19. What made the speaker decide to take the sign language course? A. Its free fees. B Its bright job prospects. C. Its good studying conditions. 20.What did the speaker find most difficult? A. Hosting a sports event. B. Learning sign language well. C. Signing a song with a happy beat. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Part of STEM learning is seeing and doing, and then recording and analyzing the results. But not all online or homeschool programs are set up to accommodate science experiments or other STEM learning activities. Let’s take a look at a few mind-blowing labs that can help bring STEM topics alive for your child’s online school experience. Weather Laboratories To make learning about weather accessible and fun, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) created a lot of informative weather activities and virtual labs they recommend for students and educators. In fact, their weather science content for kids features a Weather Lab application that allows middle school students to predict weather patterns, and learn what happens when ocean currents and air masses interact. Simulations (模拟) for Science and Math It is a project of the University of Colorado Boulder and one of the richest single databases of online science interactive and virtual labs. Investigate more than 150 physics, chemistry, math, biology, and Earth science topics. Available in dozens of languages, they are searchable by grade level, subject, and accessibility. Space Exploration Simulations The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) features many STEM learning activities for students in grades K-12. The interactive simulations are also gamified and make learning engaging and fun for your child. The app allows users to explore the universe and unlock stories of pioneering scientists and their contributions to space exploration and science. 1. Who is the text intended for? A. Researchers. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. Parents. 2. What is unique about Simulations for Science and Math? A. It has a translation centre. B. It provides virtual labs. C. It covers the most subjects. D. It offers interactive games. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To persuade. B. To inform. C. To comment. D. To advertise. When I bought a house in Portland four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, intending to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or long-lasting flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d dealt with such difficulties with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. Replacing this vastly greater quantity of dirt was neither practical nor financially possible. Instead, I decided to remediate(补救)what I already had. The challenge before me was to revive the soil. Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift—minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns, prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers, integrating crops and trees with livestock like cattle or sheep, and sheltering soil from being washed away with cover crops, often work. I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived my garden’s ecological communities. In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, various forms of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white fungal mycelium(真菌菌丝). Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard—it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity(个体)in its own right. Although science still lacks an agreed definition of life, textbooks highlight criteria widely considered to differentiate the living and nonliving. Soil meets many of them: It has a highly organized structure. It has a capacity for active self-preservation. It grows. It breathes. And it can die. 4 What was the original state of the soil in the author’s garden? A. Wet and salty. B. Poor and stony. C. Dry and sandy. D. Acidic and weedy. 5. What was the focus of the author’s gardening methods? A. Restricting plant varieties. B. Increasing soil intervention. C. Creating a sustainable environment. D. Employing chemical fertilizers. 6. Why does the author mention the replanting in May? A. To argue for the use of fertilizers. B. To show the effect of soil restoration. C. To highlight garden’s role as a habitat. D. To demonstrate the transplanting process. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Discovering the Living Nature of Soil. B. Exploring Soil’s Role in Creating Life. C. Understanding Plants’ Soil Requirements. D. Overcoming Urban Gardening Challenges. Genres are often viewed as structural frameworks for literary texts, onto which elements like imagery, character, plot, and setting are layered. These frameworks are passed down through generations, evolving over time. Among all genres, the novel received the most critical attention in the twentieth century, often praised as the “king of genres” due to its reflection on the real world. Yet, in the nineteenth century, it was primarily seen as a form of middle-class entertainment. It was not until the twentieth century that the novel was lifted to the status of an art form, joining in the same league as painting or classical music. Later on, many scholars successively studied the characteristics of novels from the 18th and 19th centuries. Recently, in a book of Edwin Frank, Stranger Than Fiction, he raises an appealing question: Is there such a thing as a “twentieth-century novel”? Is it meaningful to distinguish the twentieth-century novel from the nineteenth-century one—or even from the novel of the twenty-first century? Frank thinks so. In his book, he illustrates how the twentieth-century novel matures into a distinct literary genre. The twentieth century was a period of violent change; therefore, violent change is what the twentieth-century novel reflects—not, or not only, in its subject matter but in its form. Frank suggests that, modern as the twentieth-century novel is, it shows the cultural relevance to development of societies. However, that relevance seems to have decreased. Today, the novel no longer holds a central place in the cultural conversation. People’s daily question has shifted from “What are you reading?” to “What are you streaming?” Television series have emerged as the dominant form of middle-class entertainment in the twenty-first century. Has influential television reshaped the role of the novel? Many nineteenth-century novels gain vitality in the twentieth century through film adaptations. Henry James, for example, would likely be pleased to know that The Portrait of a Lady has been adapted into a BBC miniseries, a feature film, and even a television version—each reaching a far larger audience than the original print edition could ever have hoped for. 8. Why did the novel gain recognition in the twentieth century? A. It mirrored real life. B. It displayed attractive characters. C. It was penned by the middle-class. D. It was presented in entertaining styles. 9. Which aspect of twentieth-century novel does Stranger Than Fiction talk about? A. Its rises and falls. B. Its expansion and effect. C. Its significance and limitation. D. Its evolution and uniqueness. 10. What is the author’ attitude towards the current role of novel in paragraph 4? A. Optimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Content. D. Concerned. 11. What does the example of The Portrait of a Lady indicate? A. Novels lose their artistic appeal. B. Adaptations reduce novelsˈ flavor. C. Media breathe new life into novels. D. TV shows change the role of novels. As most Americans spend at least 50% of their food budget dining out, public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices. The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect, requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus. By representing these values (数值) in a discrepant way — intentionally using physically larger size of numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller size of numbers for high-calorie foods — businesses can shift customersˈ preferences toward healthier food, according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University. In their study, Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups. In the first group, calorie counts and font (字体) sizes rose and fell together. In the second group, the size became larger as the calorie count fell. Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness. Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option. Moreover, less health-conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. “Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” 12. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Creative. B. Relative. C. Inconsistent. D. Misleading. 13. What kind of customers would be affected most according to the research? A. Strict diet followers. B. Convenience food lovers. C. Home-cooking advocates. D. Health magazine readers. 14. In Cai’s study, the Stroop effect is mainly reflected in __________. A. the tendency to choose healthy food due to calorie B the effect of customers’ preference for larger-sized food C. the influence of color-word mismatch on people’s judgment D. the delay in reaction when number sizes mismatch their values 15. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants? A. Remove calorie information from menus. B. Use font magic to drive healthier choices. C. Pay more attention to the taste of the food. D. Attach healthy labels to food on the menu. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a leadership consultant for many years, I’ve found many of the leaders I work with report feeling frustrated as they face the continuous change and uncertainty in the growing challenges of their roles. ____16____ Throughout their careers, leaders are conditioned to come up with the final, correct answer. Given that human brains tend to see uncertainty as a risk or threat, it’s physiologically normal to feel stress when faced with unfamiliar situations. Sadly, in the world of leadership training, we often celebrate qualities like decisiveness, innovation, and resilience (适应力). ____17____Without it, even the most talented leaders struggle to sustain their success. According to the psychological definition, frustration tolerance involves the ability to bear discomfort, manage emotional responses and maintain a forward mindset in the face of challenges. ____18____ It not only allows leaders to stand the discomfort of meaningful work without giving up but also helps them stay grounded and purposeful, even when results don’t match expectations. ____19____ Leaders can train this skill by pursuing goals outside of leadership that don’t offer instant rewards. Try going to the gym teaching discipline, patience and the value of gradual progress. These experiences build resilience and enhance frustration tolerance as a transferable skill. Also remember to prioritize rest and schedule breaks for re-energizing. ____20____ Recharging your energy ensures you’re better equipped to handle frustration and maintain the endurance needed for long-term success. A. They quit their jobs out of nowhere. B. Leadership is a marathon, not a sprint. C. Understandably, it’s easy for them to feel this way. D. In leadership, it is the unsung hero of long-term success. E. It’s tough yet achievable to develop frustration tolerance. F. Leadership can’t be developed by a one-size-fits-all approach. G. But one vital skill—frustration tolerance—is often overlooked. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’ve reached the turn-around point of the day’s kayaking (皮划艇) adventure. Sweat drips down my cheeks and I ____21____ my fingers through the cool water. I look around. It’s just me, a couple of seagulls, and shining freshwater to the horizon. This, I whisper to myself, is ____22____. It had never ____23____ my mind to go on solo outings before because my loyal friends were always willing to go with me. But three years ago, I moved to Cleveland. Meeting close friends in a new city is ____24____. And a worldwide health crisis made ____25____ impossible. In October 2022, I decided to ____26____ solo hiking and spent a whole day in Cuyahoga Valley National Park (CVNP) appreciating the autumn leaves. Five miles in, I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so alive. I was more ____27____ of my surroundings than I’d ever been while hiking that day. I studied the markings of trees, focused my ____28____ on each forest sound and did something I had almost never ____29____ time in: I listened to my own thoughts. Every thought led me to a newfound ____30____ — solo hiking was where I found joy. From then on, I have adjusted myself to any solo activity. Pride ____31____ through my body when I first launched my kayak. My chest, ____32____ tightened by nerves, was bursting with happiness as I finally reached the middle of the river that I’d long ____33____ standing on shore before. Adventuring alone has become like medicine for me! It’s also pushed me to go ____34____ my comfort zone and to meet new people. Through meetups and social media, my adventure friend circle has ____35____. But at least once per month, I schedule time to hit nature with my favorite hiking companion: me. 21. A. slip B. tap C. point D. raise 22 A. exhausting B. terrible C. surprising D. awesome 23. A. changed B. crossed C. cleared D. opened 24. A. common B. crucial C. joyful D. tough 25. A. admissions B. conversations C. connections D. relationships 26. A. take up B. put up C. bring up D. pull up 27. A. ashamed B. scared C. aware D. tired 28. A. ears B. eyes C. fingers D. hands 29. A. wasted B. killed C. lost D. invested 30. A. myth B. truth C. taste D. story 31. A. pulled B. looked C. coursed D. carried 32. A. occasionally B. initially C. gradually D. instantly 33. A. swam B. visited C. rowed D. admired 34. A. within B. into C. beyond D. through 35. A. ballooned B. emerged C. narrowed D. faded 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Ru Kiln (汝窑) was one of the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty. Even today, it is believed ____36____ (hold) a crucial position in Chinese porcelain (瓷器) culture. Located in Ruzhou, Henan Province, it dedicated its production mainly to the royal court during the late Northern Song Dynasty when the demand for high-quality porcelain among the noble was ____37____ its peak. During the firing process, small pointed pieces of metal, which are arranged to support the precisely ____38____ (craft) porcelain, leave tiny marks on the bottom and play an important role in fully glazing (上釉) the porcelain body. The glaze, ____39____ color and texture are unique to Ru porcelain, is its most remarkable feature. Additionally, the porcelain body features delicate “crab claw patterns” cracks, which are ____40____ unusual and eye-catching characteristic. What causes these cracks is ____41____ the expansion rates between the glaze and the porcelain body vary as the temperature changes during the cooling process and they ____42____ (become) an intensely attractive part of the porcelain’s charm for generations. In 2001, the Ru Kiln site, where numerous precious porcelain-making ____43____ (remain) were unearthed, became a National Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit. In 2011, its firing technique, passed down with great care, was added to the list of National Intangible Cultural Heritage, showing its great value in Chinese culture. These recognitions ____44____ (effective) demonstrate the Ru Kiln’s profound significance, with its existence _____45_____ (function) as a living testament to China’s extensive porcelain-making heritage. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，针对校园常有学生受伤的现象，外教Allen要求学生分组完成一份校园生活急救手册。请你代表小组写封邮件给Allen，内容包括： 1. 汇报任务完成情况； 2. 询问外教改进意见。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：急救手册 a first-aid manual Dear Allen, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The old workshop door swung open slowly. Mia quietly walked in, her shoes stepping on wood shavings (刨花) that covered the floor. Sunlight streamed through the dusty windows, shining on her grandfather’s rough hands. He was gluing a chair leg. The calendar on the wall still showed January, its edges curled like dried leaves. On the desk, the order book lay open — February’ page was blank. There had been no new orders since mid-January. Mia quietly took out her phone and recorded Grandpa’s steady hands as he measured the wood with a metal ruler. “Maybe this will help,” she thought, eager to show how skilled he was. But when she posted the video online, the comments were cruel. “Nobody wants old-fashioned furniture anymore!” “No wonder his shop is failing!” Heart sinking, Mia quickly deleted it. A spider crawled across the empty order book, as if even it knew not many people wanted handmade things these days. “Want to see my treasure?” Grandpa’s voice broke the silence. He pulled out an old photo album filled with pencil sketches — dining tables from 1960 and rocking chairs from 1972. A faded photo slipped out: a grinning boy with a missing tooth, proudly holding a curved (弧形的) wooden spoon. “Jake,” Grandpa said, smiling. “My first student. Now a famous furniture designer. This curved spoon was his first project.” He gently touched the curve of the spoon in the photo and told Mia how Jake carved this as a boy. “Machines make things fast, but hands remember stories. Jake never forgot. Last year, he won an award for a curved staircase, and the idea came from this very spoon.” Mia looked at the photo — the curved spoon, Jakeˈs smile, and Grandpa’s young handwriting on the back: Jakeˈs first piece, age 7. Beside her, fresh wood shavings were shining. Suddenly she had an idea: to share not just the work, but the story behind it! 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para.1 “Stories must be told,” Mia murmured, picking up her phone again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para.2 Hours later, when Mia read the comments, her eyes widened in disbelief. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$