精品解析：天津市第二南开中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中英语试题

天津市第二南开中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中英语试题 温馨提示：本试卷共100分。考试时间100分钟，祝同学们考试顺利! 听力卷(共15分) 第一节 短对话(共5题;每小题1分，满分5分) 1. Why does the man apply for a job as a photographer? A. He lives nearby. B. He loves photography. C. He has a talent for art. 2. What does the woman think of the movie? A. It was satisfying. B. It was boring. C. It was funny 3. Why is the man unhappy? A. He doesn’t like his English class. B. He is worried about an English test. C. He fails to make big progress in English. 4. What is the man doing? A. Turning off the TV. B. Turning on the TV. C. Waiting for a TV program. 5. Who will go to the performance tonight? A. John and Anne. B. Michael and Anne. C. John and Michael. 第二节 长对话(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. When did Richard and his wife spend their honeymoon at the Watermill Inn? A. Last weekend. B. Five weeks ago. C. Five years ago. 7. What kind of room does Richard want to book? A. A standard double room. B. A honeymoon suite. C. A single room. 8. How much should Richard pay in all? A. 180 dollars. B. 270 dollars. C. 300 dollars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 9. At what time is the man due to meet his friend for lunch? A. At 12: 10. B. At 12: 15. C. At 12: 30. 10. How did the man plan to go to McDonald’s Restaurant? A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 11. What is the man going to do? A. Contact his friend. B. Repair his car. C. Send the woman home 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 12. What does the man think of Flower Arranging? A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Practical. 13. Why doesn’t the man want to take Photography? A. It lasts too long. B. It started last week. C. It’s too expensive. 14. What course do the speakers decide to take in the end? A. Indian Cooking. B. Web Design for Beginners. C. Italian Wine. 15. What will the speakers do tomorrow morning? A. Go to the course centre. B. Make a telephone call. C. Attend an Indian party. 第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分) 一、单项选择(共10分) 1. — I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree. — Sounds great! ________. A. That’s all right B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder 2. Thanks to advances in technology, the way we make friends and communicate with them has changed ________. A. currently B. regularly C. significantly D. typically 3. In the face of failure in exams, what we need to do is to ______ our learning methods and make some possible adjustments. A. pass down B. look on C. comment on D. reflect on 4. ________to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A. To learn B. Learn C. Learning D. Having learning 5. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and finally her persistence ________. A. paid off B. took off C. got off D. called off 6. ________ his life to the realization of social equality, the former President Nelson Mandela set a good example for all of us. A. Having devoted B. Devoted C. To be devoted D. Being devoted 7. The highly-anticipated movie finally hit the screens. From the beginning, it kept the audience ________ with its thrilling plot. It ticked all the right boxes in terms of special effects, acting, and story-telling, and truly lived up to our expectations. A. on the edge of their seats B. at a loss C. in high spirits D. out of breath 8. The next thing he saw was smoke ________ from behind the house. A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 9. It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that 10. The student is grateful to his English teacher, without________encouragement he wouldn't have pulled through. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which 二、完型填空(共20分) On Nov. 29, 2011, my little sister Lily was born. The whole family welcomed her arrival with ____11____ and open arms. We were thrilled (激动的) to have a new addition to our family. As she grew, her ____12____ became obvious. We ____13____ she would appear distant at times and was unable to ____14____ with others. The smallest things would keep her entertained for long periods, and she would ____15____ the same routine happily throughout the day. At the age of three, Lily was taken to the hospital by my parents. We were told that she was a child with autism (自闭症), and she would have ____16____ in communicating and forming relationships with others. My family were ____17____ to learn that our loved one would probably be unable to live a ____18____ life. Unaware of what exactly this would bring, we made a decision to consider autism a ____19____. The diagnosis (诊断) brought our family ____20____, and we realized a deeper ____21____ for one another. Raising a child with a developmental disability is a(n) ____22____ process. Mistakes are ____23____. However, through it all, our family is always there watching over her, ____24____ that she is in a comfortable and safe environment at all times. And Lily knows that she has a loving and supportive family who can be ____25____ and her biggest cheerleaders when ____26____ is achieved. For those normal people perhaps my experience might make you more ____27____ what is really important in life. As for me, autism has ____28____ been a blessing of strength, courage and hope. It should not be ____29____ as a burden (负担), but rather as a blessing to the families fortunate enough to ____30____ a different lifestyle. 11. A. excitement B. panic C. surprise D. patience 12. A. messiness B. carelessness C. kindness D. uniqueness 13. A. reported B. predicted C. noticed D. proved 14. A. fight B. communicate C. argue D. debate 15. A. repeat B. treat C. share D. provide 16. A. skills B. belief C. pressure D. difficulty 17. A. disappointed B. calm C. heartbroken D. anxious 18. A. different B. normal C. simple D. relaxing 19. A. sign B. test C. punishment D. blessing 20. A. closer B. stricter C. richer D. healthier 21. A. respect B. mercy C. appreciation D. regret 22. A. encouraging B. learning C. touching D. thinking 23. A. careless B. serious C. intentional D. unavoidable 24. A. realizing B. ensuring C. reminding D. demanding 25. A. kept off B. relied on C. looked after D. helped out 26. A. status B. standard C. progress D. task 27. A. careful with B. curious about C. aware of D. interested in 28. A. actually B. finally C. suddenly D. merely 29. A. designed B. chosen C. known D. viewed 30. A. experience B. imagine C. change D. explain 三、阅读理解(共30分) A A theatre would put on a musical, Beauty and the Beast. I thought Mom would love it. I had been trying to cheer her up since Dad’s passing away. She had already been living with mental disease for a while, and had forgotten many things about her life. Sometimes she remembered Dad had gone. She would wish he could eventually return! When there was nothing to distract her she would feel upset. I tried to keep her focus on the present. When I was growing up, Mom told me the tale of Beauty and the Beast. She and I had rushed to see the movie version when it first came out. She didn’t miss the musical performance, either. I thought maybe this musical could delight her. When I told her about the performance, Mom was eager to go. That was how we sat in the theatre. The lights darkened. The audience quieted. The curtain rose. That was when the big trouble appeared. “What’s this?” Mom asked loudly. “We’re seeing the musical, Beauty and the Beast” I whispered. “Once upon a time…” the narrator (旁白员) began. Mom began listening closely. Then the Beast appeared. “Is this Cats? ” she asked loudly again. “No, Mom,” I said. “I will see Cats! ”she insisted. I felt my face was hot. I had planned the whole night around our favorite show, Beauty and the Beast, but she was now yearning to see Cats! I struggled to calm Mom down and persuaded her to enjoy the show. Gradually, she was into the performance. Finally the performance was over. We left together. The performers were waiting to greet the audience. Some little girls were lined up to get a picture with Belle. Mom stopped short. “Kar, ” Mom asked shyly, “Could I get a picture with Belle? ” She used to take photos with Belle after the movie. “All right,” I said. I took a picture of Mom standing with Belle. Suddenly I saw a different Mom — joyous from within. These were the moments I must hold fast to. 31. Why did the author’s mother sometimes feel very upset? A. She suffered from mental disease. B. She missed her husband very much. C. She found life to be very boring. D. She could be forgetful sometimes. 32. What can we infer from the author’s description of his childhood? A. He lived a very busy childhood life. B. His mother made him love singing and dancing. C. His mother was crazy about Beauty and the Beast. D. He was greatly influenced by Beauty and the Beast. 33. What big trouble appeared when the curtain rose? A. The author’s mother couldn’t keep quiet. B. The author’s mother couldn’t hear the musical. C. The author’s mother required to go home. D. The author’s mother felt uncomfortable physically. 34. What does the underlined word “yearning” in Paragraph 6 mean? A. Forgetting. B. Regretting. C. Desiring. D. Paying. 35. What can be learned from the author’s Mom photographing with Belle? A. His mother enjoyed staying with little girls. B. The movie made much sense to his mother. C. His mother liked taking pictures with others. D. Belle got inspired by his mother’s support. B If you’ve ever been to any of the Disney Parks, you’ve obviously seen little children running around dressed as their favorite characters. In fact, it’s highly encouraged by the parks, and you can even purchase a Disney makeover for your kids. But as the children get older, they are less likely to be dressed up, and once they hit the age of 14, you won’t spot a single one of them in costume (服装). It isn’t because they’re “too cool for school”; it actually runs counter to the rules completely. According to the official rules of the parks, any guest aged 14 or older may be refused admittance to the park if they are wearing costumes. There are exceptions for certain situations such as Mickey’s Not-So-Scary Halloween Party, but invitations and instructions for those events will specific permission for the rule. The reason for this rule is twofold. First, your face can’t be covered, and you can’t be carrying anything looking like a real weapon. This is obviously a safety issue and this part still applies during the “exception events”, so choose your cosplay wisely. The second reason is to ensure that any interactions (互动) park guests have with other park members remain real and on brand. Let’s say it with an example. If there were 20 adults running around dressed like Cinderella, some of the guests in costume may get one confused about Disney’s official princess, ruining the illusion (幻想) for children. So does that mean you can’t truly get into the spirit of your favorite Disney character? Not exactly! Disney fan Leslie Kay began a trend (趋势) that many of her fellow Disney lovers began to pick up on as they entered the parks: Disney bounding. Basically, Disney bounding is dressing up in a non-costume outfit (装束) inspired by your favorite character. Some elements (元素), like the color arrangement, Disney decorations, and unique characteristics of the characters’ famous looks, can be included in your choice. So maybe you can’t dress up in Princess Belle’s yellow dress, but you can wear a yellow dress with rose and teacup-themed jewelry! 36. According to the text, what is not allowed at the Disney Parks? A. Kids’ running around randomly. B. Children’s behaving as an adult. C. Adults’ dressing up as a Disney character. D. Guests’ bringing decorations from outside. 37. What does the underlined phrase “runs counter to” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Applies to. B. Goes against. C. Makes up for. D. Takes advantages of 38. By mentioning the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to ________. A. help readers to picture the confusing situation B. prove Cinderella is a famous Disney character C. explain how guests can dress in the Disney Parks D. describe a rule all Disney employees must follow 39. What does Disneybounding guide people to do? A. Create their own costumes for Disney characters. B. Pick some Disney elements as their decorations. C. Admire the Disney characters spiritually. D. Dress up in a mix of Disney character. 40. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. ①-②-③④⑤ B. ①②-③-④⑤ C. ①-②-③-④⑤ D. ①②-③④-⑤ C For more than two decades, Elon Musk has focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his lifelong goal of reaching Mars. Over the last year, he has also built up work on what will happen if he gets there. Mr. Musk, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city, according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York Times. One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to deal with Mars’s terrible environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have children there. These initiatives, which are at their early stage, are a shift toward more concrete planning for life on Mars as Mr. Musk’s timeline has hastened (加速). While he said in 2016 that it would take 40 to 100 years to have a self-sustaining civilization on the planet, Mr. Musk told SpaceX employees in April that he now expects one million people to be living there in about 20 years. Mr. Musk has long tried to defy (违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly limitless ambitions to their most extreme — and some might say absurdist — point. No one has ever set foot on the planet. NASA doesn’t expect to land humans on Mars until the 2040s. And if people get there, they will be greeted by icy temperatures, dust storms, and air that is impossible to breathe. Yet Mr. Musk sticks to the idea of creating a civilization on Mars—he once said he plans to die there — that it has pushed nearly every business effort he has made on Earth. His vision for Mars underlies most of the six companies that he leads or owns, each of which could potentially contribute to a space colony, according to the documents and the people with knowledge of the efforts. The Boring Company, a private tunneling venture founded by Mr. Musk, was started in part to ready equipment to dig under Mars’s surface, two of the people said. Mr. Musk has told people that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen-led government that rules by consensus (共识) might work on Mars. He has also said that he imagines residents on the planet driving a version of the steel-paneled Cybertrucks made by Tesla, his electric vehicle company. 41. What measures are being taken by SpaceX to realize their dream of Mars? A. Designing large spaceships and building hospitals. B. Planning for habitats and designing spacesuits. C. Developing technologies and training medical teams. D. Building space stations and inspiring employees to strive. 42. What is Elon Musk’s current timeline for establishing a self-sustaining civilization on Mars? A. 40 to 100 years from 2016. B. Within the next 20 years. C. By the 2050s. D. He has not specified a timeline. 43. How do some people find Mr. Musk’s vision for Mars? A. Practical and achievable. B. Unreasonable and time-consuming. C. Theoretical and promising. D. Over-ambitious and ridiculous. 44. Why did Mr. Musk purchase X social media platform? A. Because he intended to create a company on Mars. B. Because he was interested in promoting social network on Mars. C. Because he wanted to make profits by running it on Mars. D. Because he dreamt of a resident-managed government for Mars. 45. What is the passage mainly about? A Elon Musk’s determination and initiatives to put people on Mars. B Elon Musk’s efforts to overcome the challenges of exploring Mars. C. Elon Musk’s overall vision for the future development of Mars. D. Elon Musk’s companies on Mars and their contributions. 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共25分) 一、阅读表达(共10分) 阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Luke has always been my closest companion these past five years. As you already know, there have been a lot of forest fires during the summer season. Many forests are badly damaged by fire each year. Not far from our shelter, a forest caught fire during this hot summer. We are on July, a heat wave which has been going on for three days. Luke rushed towards the forest where flames send out a fierce heat. There’s no longer any hope at the moment to wait for Luke to come back to the shelter. In fact, I was waiting for the fire brigade(消防队) to announce me his death in the forest. Suddenly, a fireman burst into my office and informed me that my dog Luke succeeded to save four kittens who were trapped by the flames. According to the fireman, Luke seized the kittens, one by one moving them to a safe place. I immediately accompanied the fireman to the forest to pick up the rescued kittens. Once on the scene of the incident, Luke was not there. Then we heard the sound of a dog came from the forest barking. I recognized the sound of my dog Luke. The firemen followed the tracks of the dog until they found him barking loudly by the side of an injured fireman who was lying on the ground and desperately waiting for rescue. Thanks to Luke, four kittens and a fireman were saved. That day, I was very proud of Luke for his two heroic actions. Luke showed much compassion for both animals like him and for a human being who was trying to put out the fire with his colleagues. Truth to tell, my happiness is great and immeasurable. I paid a visit to the fireman in his house accompanied with my lovely Luke. What a memorable scene when the fireman hugged Luke tightly to his chest! “One thousand thanks, Luke, for saving my life,” the fireman said. This true story of love and compassion shows us that pets are loving, caring and compassionate. We should love and protect them. Don’t belittle them. Little animals can make enormous things for humans. 46 What happened near the author’s shelter this summer? (no more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________________ 47. What did the author think when Luke rushed towards the burning forest? (no more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________________ 48 Why was Luke heard barking loudly in the forest after picking up the rescued kittens?(no more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________________ 49. What does the underlined “belittle” mean?(no more than 5 words) _____________________________________________________________ 50. How can you describe Luke? Please give your reasons. (no more than 20 words) _____________________________________________________________ 二、书面表达(共15分) 51. 假设你是李津，你的朋友Jack沉迷于短视频而不能自拔，写信向你寻求帮助。请你给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括： (1) 表示理解和关心； (2) 指出沉迷短视频的影响； (3) 你的建议和措施。 参考词汇：短视频short video Dear Jack, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 天津市第二南开中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中英语试题 温馨提示：本试卷共100分。考试时间100分钟，祝同学们考试顺利! 听力卷(共15分) 第一节 短对话(共5题;每小题1分，满分5分) 1. Why does the man apply for a job as a photographer? A. He lives nearby. B. He loves photography. C. He has a talent for art. 2. What does the woman think of the movie? A. It was satisfying. B. It was boring. C. It was funny 3. Why is the man unhappy? A. He doesn’t like his English class. B. He is worried about an English test. C. He fails to make big progress in English. 4. What is the man doing? A. Turning off the TV. B. Turning on the TV. C. Waiting for a TV program. 5. Who will go to the performance tonight? A. John and Anne. B. Michael and Anne. C. John and Michael. 第二节 长对话(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. When did Richard and his wife spend their honeymoon at the Watermill Inn? A. Last weekend. B. Five weeks ago. C. Five years ago. 7. What kind of room does Richard want to book? A. A standard double room. B. A honeymoon suite. C. A single room. 8. How much should Richard pay in all? A. 180 dollars. B. 270 dollars. C. 300 dollars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 9. At what time is the man due to meet his friend for lunch? A. At 12: 10. B. At 12: 15. C. At 12: 30. 10. How did the man plan to go to McDonald’s Restaurant? A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By bus. 11. What is the man going to do? A. Contact his friend. B. Repair his car. C. Send the woman home 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 12. What does the man think of Flower Arranging? A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Practical. 13. Why doesn’t the man want to take Photography? A. It lasts too long. B. It started last week. C. It’s too expensive. 14 What course do the speakers decide to take in the end? A. Indian Cooking. B. Web Design for Beginners. C. Italian Wine. 15. What will the speakers do tomorrow morning? A. Go to the course centre. B. Make a telephone call. C. Attend an Indian party. 第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分) 一、单项选择(共10分) 1. — I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree. — Sounds great! ________. A. That’s all right B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我在考虑重返校园再拿一个学位。——听起来很棒！放手去做吧！A. That’s all right不要紧，没什么，用于回应道歉或安慰；B. Go for it放手向前，努力争取，表示强烈支持对方的决定；C. Never mind没关系，不用担心，用于撤回前文或淡化问题；D. No wonder难怪，怪不得，表示恍然大悟。根据“I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.”可知，说话人应对对方的想法表示支持，Go for it“放手向前，努力争取”符合题意。故选B。 2. Thanks to advances in technology, the way we make friends and communicate with them has changed ________. A. currently B. regularly C. significantly D. typically 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于科技的进步，我们交朋友和交流的方式发生了巨大地变化。A.currently目前地；B. regularly有规律地；C. significantly 有重大意义地。D.typically典型地。根据“ Thanks to advances in technology”可知，我们交朋友和交流的方式发生了巨大地变化。故选C项。 3. In the face of failure in exams, what we need to do is to ______ our learning methods and make some possible adjustments. A. pass down B. look on C. comment on D. reflect on 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：面对考试的失败，我们需要做的是反思我们的学习方法，并做出一些可能的调整。A. pass down使流传；B. look on袖手旁观；C. comment on评论；D. reflect on反思。根据句意及常识可知，面对失败，要做的是反思并做出调整。故选D。 4. ________to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. A. To learn B. Learn C. Learning D. Having learning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学会批判性思考是今天的孩子未来需要的一项重要技能。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作，再结合句意可知，故选C。 5. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and finally her persistence ________. A. paid off B. took off C. got off D. called off 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：桑德拉决心成为一名医生，她的坚持终于得到了回报。A. paid off 回报，取得成功；B. took off 起飞、脱下；C. got off 下车；D. called off 取消。根据句意可知，Sandra立志成为一名医生，在不懈的努力下她取得了成功，一份耕耘一分收获，努力得到了回报，故选A项。 6. ________ his life to the realization of social equality the former President Nelson Mandela set a good example for all of us. A. Having devoted B. Devoted C. To be devoted D. Being devoted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尼尔森·曼德拉前总统一生致力于实现社会平等，为我们大家树立了一个好榜样。分析句子可知，“devote his life to the realization of social equality”作状语，devote（献身；致力）是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the former President Nelson Mandela之间是主动关系，且“致力于实现社会平等”发生在“树立了一个好榜样”之前，应用现在分词的完成式表主动和完成。故选A项。 7. The highly-anticipated movie finally hit the screens. From the beginning, it kept the audience ________ with its thrilling plot. It ticked all the right boxes in terms of special effects, acting, and story-telling, and truly lived up to our expectations. A. on the edge of their seats B. at a loss C. in high spirits D. out of breath 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这部备受期待的电影终于在大银幕上映了。从影片开始，它就以扣人心弦的情节让观众始终保持紧张投入的状态。在特效、演员演技和故事叙事方面，这部电影都完全符合预期，真正达到了我们的期望。A. on the edge of their seats坐立不安，全神贯注；B. at a loss不知所措；C. in high spirits情绪高涨，兴高采烈；D. out of breath气喘吁吁。根据“thrilling plot（扣人心弦的情节）” 可知，语境强调情节紧张刺激，使观众处于 “紧张投入”的状态。故选A。 8 The next thing he saw was smoke ________ from behind the house. A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：他看到的下一件事是从房子后面冒出烟来。作定语时，过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作，和所修饰词是动宾关系。现在分词表示正在发生的伴随性的动作，和所修饰词是主谓关系。不定式表示具体的将要发生的动作。根据题意，他看到的第二件事物是从房后升起的烟。rise的逻辑主语为smoke，是主动关系，用现在分词，故选B。 9. It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他突然想到，他把钥匙忘在办公室了。固定句式：It suddenly occurred to sb. that... (某人突然想起)，it是形式主语，真正的主语是主语从句“ _____ he had left his keys in the office”，从句句意完整，不缺成分，所以填that。故选D项。 10. The student is grateful to his English teacher, without________encouragement he wouldn't have pulled through. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生很感激他的英语老师，没有老师的鼓励，他不会康复。分析句子可知，without________encouragement he wouldn't have pulled through是定语从句，先行词是his English teacher，从句中作定语，修饰encouragement，故用关系代词whose。故选B。 【点睛】定语从句中whose的用法whose引导的定语从句是语法重点，要学好whose引导的定语从句的用法，应注意以下六个方面。 一、whose为who的所有格，作“某(些)人的……”解，它所指代的先行词必须是人，其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词，同时它本身在从句中作定语。 This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。　 二、whose也可作which的所有格，作“某(些)物的……”解，它所指代的先行词必须是物，其语法功能同上。 The company whose name was Notco was in Australia.那个名叫诺特可的公司设在澳大利亚。 三、由于whose具有兼作who和 which的所有格的双重功能，故在指人时可用of whom代替whose，指物时可用of which代替whose。 This kind of book is for children whose native language(=the native language of whom)is Chinese.这种书是给母语是汉语的儿童看的。 二、完型填空(共20分) On Nov. 29, 2011, my little sister Lily was born. The whole family welcomed her arrival with ____11____ and open arms. We were thrilled (激动的) to have a new addition to our family. As she grew, her ____12____ became obvious. We ____13____ she would appear distant at times and was unable to ____14____ with others. The smallest things would keep her entertained for long periods, and she would ____15____ the same routine happily throughout the day. At the age of three, Lily was taken to the hospital by my parents. We were told that she was a child with autism (自闭症), and she would have ____16____ in communicating and forming relationships with others. My family were ____17____ to learn that our loved one would probably be unable to live a ____18____ life. Unaware of what exactly this would bring, we made a decision to consider autism a ____19____. The diagnosis (诊断) brought our family ____20____, and we realized a deeper ____21____ for one another. Raising a child with a developmental disability is a(n) ____22____ process. Mistakes are ____23____. However, through it all, our family is always there watching over her, ____24____ that she is in a comfortable and safe environment at all times. And Lily knows that she has a loving and supportive family who can be ____25____ and her biggest cheerleaders when ____26____ is achieved. For those normal people perhaps my experience might make you more ____27____ what is really important in life. As for me, autism has ____28____ been a blessing of strength, courage and hope. It should not be ____29____ as a burden (负担), but rather as a blessing to the families fortunate enough to ____30____ a different lifestyle. 11. A. excitement B. panic C. surprise D. patience 12. A. messiness B. carelessness C. kindness D. uniqueness 13. A. reported B. predicted C. noticed D. proved 14. A. fight B. communicate C. argue D. debate 15. A. repeat B. treat C. share D. provide 16. A. skills B. belief C. pressure D. difficulty 17. A. disappointed B. calm C. heartbroken D. anxious 18. A. different B. normal C. simple D. relaxing 19. A. sign B. test C. punishment D. blessing 20. A. closer B. stricter C. richer D. healthier 21. A. respect B. mercy C. appreciation D. regret 22. A. encouraging B. learning C. touching D. thinking 23. A. careless B. serious C. intentional D. unavoidable 24. A. realizing B. ensuring C. reminding D. demanding 25. A. kept off B. relied on C. looked after D. helped out 26. A. status B. standard C. progress D. task 27. A. careful with B. curious about C. aware of D. interested in 28. A. actually B. finally C. suddenly D. merely 29. A. designed B. chosen C. known D. viewed 30. A. experience B. imagine C. change D. explain 【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了家人抚养患有自闭症的妹妹的故事以及从中感悟出的道理。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：全家人激动地张开双臂欢迎她的到来。A. excitement激动；B. panic慌张；C. surprise惊喜；D. patience耐心。根据下文“We were thrilled to have a new addition to our family.”可知，妹妹出生，全家人都很激动。故选A。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着她的成长，她的独特之处越来越明显。A. messiness混乱；B. carelessness粗心；C. kindness善良；D. uniqueness独特性。根据下文“she would appear distant at times and was unable to ____4____ with others”以及“The smallest things would keep her entertained for long periods, and she would ____5____ the same routine happily throughout the day.”可知，Lily有时显得冷漠，无法与别人交流，最微小的事情也能让她开心很久等，即她身上的独特之处越来越明显。故选D。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们注意到她有时显得很冷漠，无法与别人交流。A. reported报告；B. predicted预测；C. noticed注意到；D. proved证明。根据下文“she would appear distant at times and was unable to”可知，Lily的家人注意到了她的一些特别的地方。故选C。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们注意到她有时显得很冷漠，无法与别人交流。A. fight奋斗；B. communicate交流；C. argue争论；D. debate辩论。根据下文“in communicating and forming relationships with others.”可知，Lily无法和别人交流。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是最微小的事情也能让她开心很久，而且她会一整天都愉快地重复同样的事情。A. repeat重复；B. treat对待；C. share分享；D. provide提供。根据下文“the same routine happily throughout the day”可知，Lily喜欢一整天重复同样的程序。故选A。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们被告知她是一个患有自闭症的孩子，她在沟通和与他人建立关系方面有困难。A. skills技巧；B. belief信念；C. pressure压力；D. difficulty困难。根据上文“she would appear distant at times and was unable to___4__ with others”和常识可知，患有自闭症的Lily在和他人沟通、建立关系方面有困难。have difficulty in doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。故选D。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得知我们所爱的人可能无法过正常的生活，我的家人都很伤心。A. disappointed失望的；B. calm平静的；C. heartbroken伤心的；D. anxious焦虑的。上文“We were told that she was a child with autism”提到Lily患有自闭症，无法过正常的生活，所以家人很伤心。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：得知我们所爱的人可能无法过正常的生活，我的家人都很伤心。A. different不同的；B. normal正常的；C. simple简单的；D. relaxing令人放松的。上文中“We were told that she was a child with autism”提到Lily患有自闭症，且和别人交流建立关系有困难，因此Lily无法过正常的生活。故选B。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于不知道这将带来什么，我们决定将自闭症视为一种祝福。A. sign迹象；B. test测试；C. punishment惩罚；D. blessing祝福。根据下文“but rather as a blessing to the families ”可知，作者一家决定把这种病视为一种祝福。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，我们意识到对彼此更深的感激。A. closer更亲密的；B. stricter更严厉的；C. richer更富有的；D. healthier更健康的。根据下文“we realized a deeper__11__ for one another”以及“And Lily knows that she has a loving and supportive family”可知，照料自闭症的患者需要付出更多的精力，并且这是一个充满爱和支持的家庭，因此，这个诊断让家人之间的关系更亲密。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个诊断让我们的家庭更加亲密，我们意识到对彼此更深的感激。A. respect尊重；B. mercy仁慈；C. appreciation感激；D. regret后悔。根据上文“Raising a child with a developmental disability”以及下文“And Lily knows that she has a loving and supportive family”可知，在照顾家人的过程中彼此都付出很多，并且家人之间充满爱和支持，所以此处指感激彼此。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：抚养一个有发育障碍的孩子是一个学习的过程。A. encouraging鼓舞人心的；B. learning学习；C. touching感人的，动人的；D. thinking思考，思维。下文“Mistakes”表明，自闭症患者与正常人不一样，会面临很多问题，抚养患自闭症的孩子是一个学习的过程。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：错误不可避免。A. careless粗心的；B. serious严肃的；C. international国际的；D. unavoidable不可避免的。根据上文“Raising a child with a developmental disability”可知，家人以前没有照顾过自闭症患者，在这个过程中肯定会有很多失误，所以错误是不可避免的。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这一切中，我们的家人一直守护着她，确保她始终处于一个舒适、安全的环境中。A. realizing意识到；B. ensuring确保；C. reminding提醒；D. demanding要求。根据上文“our family is always there watching over her”以及下文“a comfortable and safe environment for her at all times”可知，Lily的家人永远在那里照顾着她，确保她一直生活在舒服、安全的环境中。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lily知道她有一个可以依靠的充满爱和支持的家庭，是当她取得进步时她最大的支持者。A. kept off使……远离，回避；B. relied on依靠；C. looked after照顾；D. helped out帮助摆脱困境。根据上文“she has a loving and supportive family who can be”可知，作者一家一直守护着Lily，所以Lily明白她可以依靠家人。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lily知道她有一个可以依靠的充满爱和支持的家庭，是当她取得进步时她最大的支持者。A. status地位；B. standard标准；C. progress进步；D. task任务。根据上文“her biggest cheerleaders”和下文“ is achieved”可知，对患有自闭症的Lily的每一点进步，家人都非常高兴，都会欢呼庆祝。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：对于那些普通人来说，也许我的经历会让你们更清楚什么才是生命中真正重要的东西。A. careful with对……小心；B. curious about对……好奇；C. aware of意识到；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据上文“For those normal people perhaps my experience might make you more”和下文“what is really important in life”可知，作者的经历会使你意识到人生中到底什么东西才是真正重要的。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福。A. actually实际上；B. finally终于；C. suddenly突然；D. merely仅仅。根据下文“been a combination of strength, courage and hope”可知，作者一家人没有把自闭症视为负担，而认为自闭症实际上是一种力量、勇气和希望的祝福，actually符合语境。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的家庭来说，它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福。A. designed设计；B. chosen选择；C. known知道；D. viewed看待，观看。根据下文“as a burden”可知，不应该把自闭症看作负担，短语be viewed as意为“被看作……”。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些有幸体验到不同生活方式的家庭来说，它不应该被看作是一种负担，而应该被看作是一种祝福。A. experience经历，体验；B. imagine想象；C. change改变；D. explain解释。根据下文“a different lifestyle”可知，照顾自闭症患者，整个家庭生活会和普通的正常家庭完全不一样，所以是体验一种不一样的生活方式。故选A。 三、阅读理解(共30分) A A theatre would put on a musical, Beauty and the Beast. I thought Mom would love it. I had been trying to cheer her up since Dad’s passing away. She had already been living with mental disease for a while, and had forgotten many things about her life. Sometimes she remembered Dad had gone. She would wish he could eventually return! When there was nothing to distract her, she would feel upset. I tried to keep her focus on the present. When I was growing up, Mom told me the tale of Beauty and the Beast. She and I had rushed to see the movie version when it first came out. She didn’t miss the musical performance, either. I thought maybe this musical could delight her. When I told her about the performance, Mom was eager to go. That was how we sat in the theatre. The lights darkened. The audience quieted. The curtain rose. That was when the big trouble appeared. “What’s this?” Mom asked loudly. “We’re seeing the musical, Beauty and the Beast” I whispered. “Once upon a time…” the narrator (旁白员) began. Mom began listening closely. Then the Beast appeared. “Is this Cats? ” she asked loudly again. “No, Mom,” I said. “I will see Cats! ”she insisted. I felt my face was hot. I had planned the whole night around our favorite show, Beauty and the Beast, but she was now yearning to see Cats! I struggled to calm Mom down and persuaded her to enjoy the show. Gradually, she was into the performance. Finally the performance was over. We left together. The performers were waiting to greet the audience. Some little girls were lined up to get a picture with Belle. Mom stopped short. “Kar, ” Mom asked shyly, “Could I get a picture with Belle? ” She used to take photos with Belle after the movie. “All right,” I said. I took a picture of Mom standing with Belle. Suddenly I saw a different Mom — joyous from within. These were the moments I must hold fast to. 31. Why did the author’s mother sometimes feel very upset? A. She suffered from mental disease. B. She missed her husband very much. C. She found life to be very boring. D. She could be forgetful sometimes. 32. What can we infer from the author’s description of his childhood? A. He lived a very busy childhood life. B. His mother made him love singing and dancing. C. His mother was crazy about Beauty and the Beast. D. He was greatly influenced by Beauty and the Beast. 33. What big trouble appeared when the curtain rose? A. The author’s mother couldn’t keep quiet. B. The author’s mother couldn’t hear the musical. C. The author’s mother required to go home. D. The author’s mother felt uncomfortable physically. 34. What does the underlined word “yearning” in Paragraph 6 mean? A. Forgetting. B. Regretting. C. Desiring. D. Paying. 35. What can be learned from the author’s Mom photographing with Belle? A. His mother enjoyed staying with little girls. B. The movie made much sense to his mother. C. His mother liked taking pictures with others. D. Belle got inspired by his mother’s support. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲因父亲去世患有精神疾病，常陷入思念与低落。作者为让母亲开心，带她去看她曾经喜爱的音乐剧《美女与野兽》。演出中母亲误将其认作《猫》，一度坚持要看，但最终沉浸其中。结束后，母亲害羞地请求与“贝儿”合影，眼中重现喜悦，这一时刻让作者倍感珍贵。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“ Sometimes she remembered Dad had gone. She would wish he could eventually return! When there was nothing to distract her, she would feel upset.(有时她会想起爸爸已经走了。她希望他最终能回来！当没有什么事情可以分散她的注意力时，她会感到难过。)”可知，作者母亲有时会感到非常难过是因为她非常想念她的丈夫。故选B。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“When I was growing up, Mom told me the tale of Beauty and the Beast. She and I had rushed to see the movie version when it first came out. She didn’t miss the musical performance, either.(在我成长的过程中，妈妈给我讲了《美女与野兽》的故事。电影版刚上映时，我和妈妈就赶去看。她也没有错过音乐剧的演出。)”可知，从作者对他童年的描述中，我们能推断出他的母亲非常喜欢《美女与野兽》。故选C。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段““What’s this?” Mom asked loudly. “We’re seeing the musical, Beauty and the Beast” I whispered. “Once upon a time…” the narrator (旁白员) began. Mom began listening closely. Then the Beast appeared.(‘这是什么？’妈妈大声问道。‘我们在看音乐剧《美女与野兽》’，我低声说。‘从前……’旁白员开始说。妈妈开始仔细听。然后野兽出现了。)”和第六段““Is this Cats? ” she asked loudly again.(‘这是《猫》吗？’她又大声问道。)”可知，幕布升起时出现的大麻烦是作者的母亲无法保持安静，一直在大声说话。故选A。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文““Is this Cats? ” she asked loudly again. “No, Mom, ” I said. “I will see Cats! ”she insisted. I felt my face was hot. I had planned the whole night around our favorite show, Beauty and the Beast,(‘这是《猫》吗？’ 她又大声问道。‘不是的，妈妈。’ 我说道。‘我要看《猫》！’她坚持说。我感到脸上发烫。我原本整晚都计划围绕着我们最喜爱的演出《美女与野兽》来安排)”可知，上文提到母亲误将《美女与野兽》认作《猫》，并坚持要看《猫》，由此可知，她此时强烈渴望看《猫》。yearning意为“渴望”。故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“She used to take photos with Belle after the movie. “All right,” I said. I took a picture of Mom standing with Belle. Suddenly I saw a different Mom—joyous from within. These were the moments I must hold fast to.(她过去常在电影结束后和贝儿合影。‘好吧，’我说。我给妈妈和贝儿站在一起拍了张照片。突然，我看到了一个不同的妈妈——内心充满了喜悦。这些都是我必须紧紧抓住的时刻。)”可知，从作者的妈妈和贝儿合影中，我们可以了解到这部电影对他的母亲很有意义。故选B。 B If you’ve ever been to any of the Disney Parks, you’ve obviously seen little children running around dressed as their favorite characters. In fact, it’s highly encouraged by the parks, and you can even purchase a Disney makeover for your kids. But as the children get older, they are less likely to be dressed up, and once they hit the age of 14, you won’t spot a single one of them in costume (服装). It isn’t because they’re “too cool for school”; it actually runs counter to the rules completely. According to the official rules of the parks, any guest aged 14 or older may be refused admittance to the park if they are wearing costumes. There are exceptions for certain situations such as Mickey’s Not-So-Scary Halloween Party, but invitations and instructions for those events will specific permission for the rule. The reason for this rule is twofold. First, your face can’t be covered, and you can’t be carrying anything looking like a real weapon. This is obviously a safety issue and this part still applies during the “exception events”, so choose your cosplay wisely. The second reason is to ensure that any interactions (互动) park guests have with other park members remain real and on brand. Let’s say it with an example. If there were 20 adults running around dressed like Cinderella, some of the guests in costume may get one confused about Disney’s official princess, ruining the illusion (幻想) for children. So does that mean you can’t truly get into the spirit of your favorite Disney character? Not exactly! Disney fan Leslie Kay began a trend (趋势) that many of her fellow Disney lovers began to pick up on as they entered the parks: Disney bounding. Basically, Disney bounding is dressing up in a non-costume outfit (装束) inspired by your favorite character. Some elements (元素), like the color arrangement, Disney decorations, and unique characteristics of the characters’ famous looks, can be included in your choice. So maybe you can’t dress up in Princess Belle’s yellow dress, but you can wear a yellow dress with rose and teacup-themed jewelry! 36. According to the text, what is not allowed at the Disney Parks? A. Kids’ running around randomly. B. Children’s behaving as an adult. C. Adults’ dressing up as a Disney character. D. Guests’ bringing decorations from outside. 37. What does the underlined phrase “runs counter to” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Applies to. B. Goes against. C. Makes up for. D. Takes advantages of 38. By mentioning the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to ________. A. help readers to picture the confusing situation B. prove Cinderella is a famous Disney character C. explain how guests can dress in the Disney Parks D. describe a rule all Disney employees must follow 39. What does Disneybounding guide people to do? A. Create their own costumes for Disney characters. B. Pick some Disney elements as their decorations. C. Admire the Disney characters spiritually. D. Dress up in a mix of Disney character. 40. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A. ①-②-③④⑤ B. ①②-③-④⑤ C. ①-②-③-④⑤ D. ①②-③④-⑤ 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼乐园的着装规定，即14岁及以上游客穿化妆服可能被拒入内，阐述了原因，还提到了“迪士尼混搭风”这种着装方式。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to the official rules of the parks, any guest aged 14 or older may be refused admittance to the park if they are wearing costumes. (根据乐园的官方规定，任何14岁及以上穿着化妆服的游客可能会被拒绝入园。)”可知，迪士尼乐园不允许14岁及以上游客穿着化妆服入园，所以成年人打扮成迪士尼角色是不允许进入迪斯尼乐园的。故选C项。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In fact, it’s highly encouraged by the parks, and you can even purchase a Disney makeover for your kids. But as the children get older, they are less likely to be dressed up, and once they hit the age of 14, you won’t spot a single one of them in costume (服装). (事实上，公园非常鼓励这样做，你甚至可以为你的孩子购买迪斯尼的化妆服。但随着孩子们年龄的增长，他们不太可能角色扮演，一旦他们到了14岁，你就看不到他们中有一个人穿化妆服了。)”可知，迪斯尼乐园看不到14岁及以上的游客穿迪斯尼化妆服；第二段中“It isn’t because they’re “too cool for school”; it actually runs counter to the rules completely. According to the official rules of the parks, any guest aged 14 or older may be refused admittance to the park if they are wearing costumes. (这并不是因为他们“太酷了，不适合上学”；它实际上完全……规则。根据乐园的官方规定，任何14岁及以上穿着戏服的游客可能会被拒绝入园。)”解释了原因，说明“14岁以上孩子穿化妆服入园”实际上是违背了“任何14岁及以上穿着戏服的游客可能会被拒绝入园”这一规定。所以“runs counter to”意思是“违背”，与“Goes against”同义。故选B项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Let’s say it with an example. If there were 20 adults running around dressed like Cinderella, some of the guests in costume may get one confused about Disney’s official princess, ruining the illusion (幻想) for children. (让我们举个例子来说明。如果有20个成年人打扮成灰姑娘四处走动，一些穿着戏服的游客可能会对迪士尼官方公主产生混淆，破坏孩子们的幻想。)”可知，作者通过这个例子是为了帮助读者想象出一种令人困惑的情景。故选A项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Basically, Disney bounding is dressing up in a non costume outfit (装束) inspired by your favorite character. Some elements (元素), like the color arrangement, Disney decorations, and unique characteristics of the characters’ famous looks, can be included in your choice. (基本上，“迪士尼混搭风”是穿着受你最喜欢的角色启发的非戏服装束。一些元素，如颜色搭配、迪士尼装饰以及角色著名造型的独特特征，可以包含在你的选择中。)”可知，“迪士尼混搭风”引导人们挑选一些迪士尼元素作为自己的装饰。故选B项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。第一段中“If you’ve ever been to any of the Disney Parks, you’ve obviously seen little children running around dressed as their favorite characters...But as the children get older, they are less likely to be dressed up, and once they hit the age of 14, you won’t spot a single one of them in costume (服装). (如果你去过任何一个迪士尼乐园，你显然会看到小孩子们穿着他们最喜欢的角色的服装四处奔跑……但随着孩子们长大，他们穿戏服的可能性就会降低，一旦他们到了14岁，你就看不到一个穿着戏服的孩子了。)”和第二段中“According to the official rules of the parks, any guest aged 14 or older many be refused admittance to the park if they are wearing costumes. (根据乐园的官方规定，任何14岁及以上穿着戏服的游客可能会被拒绝入园。)”介绍了迪士尼乐园孩子和成年人着装的不同情况以及14岁以上穿戏服可能被拒入内的规定；第三段中“The reason for this rule is twofold. First, your face can’t be covered, and you can’t be carrying anything looking like a real weapon. (这项规定有两个原因。首先，你的脸不能被遮住，你不能携带任何看起来像真武器的东西。)”和第四段中“The second reason is to ensure that any interactions (互动) park guests have with other park members remain real and on brand. (第二个原因是确保公园游客与其他公园成员的任何互动都是真实的且符合品牌形象。)”阐述了制定该规定的两个原因；第五段中“Disney fan Leslie Kay began a trend (趋势) that many of her fellow Disney lovers began to pick up on as they entered the parks: Disney bounding. (迪士尼粉丝莱斯利·凯开创了一种潮流，许多迪士尼爱好者进入公园时也开始效仿：迪士尼混搭风。)”介绍了“迪士尼混搭风”这种着装方式。所以文章结构是①②-③④-⑤。故选D项。 C For more than two decades, Elon Musk has focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his lifelong goal of reaching Mars. Over the last year, he has also built up work on what will happen if he gets there. Mr. Musk, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city, according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York Times. One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to deal with Mars’s terrible environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have children there. These initiatives, which are at their early stage, are a shift toward more concrete planning for life on Mars as Mr. Musk’s timeline has hastened (加速). While he said in 2016 that it would take 40 to 100 years to have a self-sustaining civilization on the planet, Mr. Musk told SpaceX employees in April that he now expects one million people to be living there in about 20 years. Mr. Musk has long tried to defy (违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly limitless ambitions to their most extreme — and some might say absurdist — point. No one has ever set foot on the planet. NASA doesn’t expect to land humans on Mars until the 2040s. And if people get there, they will be greeted by icy temperatures, dust storms, and air that is impossible to breathe. Yet Mr. Musk sticks to the idea of creating a civilization on Mars—he once said he plans to die there — that it has pushed nearly every business effort he has made on Earth. His vision for Mars underlies most of the six companies that he leads or owns, each of which could potentially contribute to a space colony, according to the documents and the people with knowledge of the efforts. The Boring Company, a private tunneling venture founded by Mr. Musk, was started in part to ready equipment to dig under Mars’s surface, two of the people said. Mr. Musk has told people that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen-led government that rules by consensus (共识) might work on Mars. He has also said that he imagines residents on the planet driving a version of the steel-paneled Cybertrucks made by Tesla, his electric vehicle company. 41. What measures are being taken by SpaceX to realize their dream of Mars? A. Designing large spaceships and building hospitals. B. Planning for habitats and designing spacesuits. C. Developing technologies and training medical teams. D. Building space stations and inspiring employees to strive. 42. What is Elon Musk’s current timeline for establishing a self-sustaining civilization on Mars? A. 40 to 100 years from 2016. B. Within the next 20 years. C. By the 2050s. D. He has not specified a timeline. 43. How do some people find Mr. Musk’s vision for Mars? A. Practical and achievable. B. Unreasonable and time-consuming. C. Theoretical and promising. D. Over-ambitious and ridiculous. 44. Why did Mr. Musk purchase X social media platform? A. Because he intended to create a company on Mars. B. Because he was interested in promoting social network on Mars. C. Because he wanted to make profits by running it on Mars. D. Because he dreamt of a resident-managed government for Mars. 45. What is the passage mainly about? A. Elon Musk’s determination and initiatives to put people on Mars. B. Elon Musk’s efforts to overcome the challenges of exploring Mars. C. Elon Musk’s overall vision for the future development of Mars. D. Elon Musk’s companies on Mars and their contributions. 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章主要介绍了Elon Musk致力于将人类送上火星的决心和举措。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。 根据文章第二段中的“One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to deal with Mars’s terrible environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have children there.(一个团队正在为小型圆顶栖息地制定计划，包括可以用来建造它们的材料。另一个正在研究宇航服，以应对火星的恶劣环境，而一个医疗小组正在研究人类能否在火星上生孩子。)”可知，SpaceX公司正在采取的措施是规划栖息地和设计宇航服。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“While he said in 2016 that it would take 40 to 100 years to have a self-sustaining civilization on the planet, Mr. Musk told SpaceX employees in April that he now expects one million people to be living there in about 20 years.(尽管他在2016年表示，在火星上建立一个自给自足的文明需要40到100年的时间，但Mr. Musk在今年4月告诉SpaceX的员工，他现在预计，大约20年后，火星上将有100万人居住。)”可知，Elon Musk目前关于在火星上建立自给自足文明的时间表是从2016年起算，40到100年内。故选A。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Mr. Musk has long tried to defy (违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly limitless ambitions to their most extreme—and some might say absurdist—point. No one has ever set foot on the planet.(Mr. Musk长期以来一直试图挑战不可能的事情，并经常成功地克服困难。但他对火星生活的愿景将他看似无限的野心推向了极端——有些人可能会说这是荒谬的。从来没有人踏足过这个星球。)”可知，一些人认为Musk的火星愿景是好高骛远和荒谬的。故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Mr. Musk has told people that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen-led government that rules by consensus (共识) might work on Mars.(Mr. Musk告诉人们，他收购了社交媒体平台X，部分原因是为了帮助测试一个由公民领导、以共识治国的政府如何在火星上运作。)”可知，Musk购买X社交媒体平台是因为他梦想在火星上建立一个居民管理的政府。故选D。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。 通读全文，尤其是第一段的“For more than two decades, Elon Musk has focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his lifelong goal of reaching Mars.(20多年来，Elon Musk一直把他的火箭公司SpaceX专注于他的终身目标——登陆火星。)”和第二段的“Mr. Musk, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city, according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York Times.(据了解《纽约时报》看到的相关工作和文件的五名知情人士透露，Mr. Musk指示SpaceX员工深入研究火星城市的设计和细节。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Elon Musk致力于将人类送上火星的决心和举措，因此文章的主旨是A选项“Elon Musk’s determination and initiatives to put people on Mars.(Elon Musk将人类送上火星的决心和计划。)”。故选A。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共25分) 一、阅读表达(共10分) 阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Luke has always been my closest companion these past five years. As you already know, there have been a lot of forest fires during the summer season. Many forests are badly damaged by fire each year. Not far from our shelter, a forest caught fire during this hot summer. We are on July, a heat wave which has been going on for three days. Luke rushed towards the forest where flames send out a fierce heat. There’s no longer any hope at the moment to wait for Luke to come back to the shelter. In fact, I was waiting for the fire brigade(消防队) to announce me his death in the forest. Suddenly, a fireman burst into my office and informed me that my dog Luke succeeded to save four kittens who were trapped by the flames. According to the fireman, Luke seized the kittens, one by one moving them to a safe place. I immediately accompanied the fireman to the forest to pick up the rescued kittens. Once on the scene of the incident, Luke was not there. Then we heard the sound of a dog came from the forest barking. I recognized the sound of my dog Luke. The firemen followed the tracks of the dog until they found him barking loudly by the side of an injured fireman who was lying on the ground and desperately waiting for rescue. Thanks to Luke, four kittens and a fireman were saved. That day, I was very proud of Luke for his two heroic actions. Luke showed much compassion for both animals like him and for a human being who was trying to put out the fire with his colleagues. Truth to tell, my happiness is great and immeasurable. I paid a visit to the fireman in his house accompanied with my lovely Luke. What a memorable scene when the fireman hugged Luke tightly to his chest! “One thousand thanks, Luke, for saving my life,” the fireman said. This true story of love and compassion shows us that pets are loving, caring and compassionate. We should love and protect them. Don’t belittle them. Little animals can make enormous things for humans. 46. What happened near the author’s shelter this summer? (no more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________________ 47. What did the author think when Luke rushed towards the burning forest? (no more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________________ 48. Why was Luke heard barking loudly in the forest after picking up the rescued kittens?(no more than 15 words) _____________________________________________________________ 49. What does the underlined “belittle” mean?(no more than 5 words) _____________________________________________________________ 50. How can you describe Luke? Please give your reasons. (no more than 20 words) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. A forest caught fire. 47. She thought Luke would have died. /There’s no longer any hope to wait for Luke to come back to the shelter. 48. Because he was trying to ask for help to save an injured fireman. 49. Regard as small or unimportant. /Minimize. /Denigrate. /Disparage. / Look down upon. 50. It is helpful. It can help to save people and little animals. /It is sympathetic. It can help people in danger and ask for help. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，记叙了小狗Luke在森林大火中帮助营救的故事。 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Not far from our shelter, a forest caught fire during this hot summer.(在这个炎热的夏天，离我们的居所不远的地方，一片森林着火了)”可知，在作者居所旁边，发生了森林大火。故填A forest caught fire. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“There’s no longer any hope at the moment to wait for Luke to come back to the shelter. In fact, I was waiting for the fire brigade(消防队) to announce me his death in the forest.(现在已经没有希望等卢克回到住所了。事实上，我一直在等消防队通知我他在森林里死了)”可知，当Luck冲进着火的森林时，作者认为他已经死了，他没有希望回到住所了。故填She thought Luke would have died. /There’s no longer any hope to wait for Luke to come back to the shelter. 【48题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“The firemen followed the tracks of the dog until they found him barking loudly by the side of an injured fireman who was lying on the ground and desperately waiting for rescue.(消防队员循着狗的踪迹，直到他们发现他在一名受伤的消防员旁边大声吠叫，那名消防员躺在地上，绝望地等待救援)”可知，Luck在救了小猫以后又大叫是因为他试图寻求帮助来救一个受伤的消防员。故填Because he was trying to ask for help to save an injured fireman. 【49题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据划线词前文“This true story of love and compassion shows us that pets are loving, caring and compassionate. We should love and protect them.(这个关于爱和同情的真实故事告诉我们，宠物是有爱心，体贴的和有同情心的。我们应该爱护和保护他们)”及后文“Little animals can make enormous things for humans.(小动物可以为人类创造巨大的东西)”可推知，小动物是有爱心的，体贴的和有同情心的，且能为人类做许多事，所以我们不应该认为它们是渺小的，无用的，诋毁，贬低，瞧不起它们。划线词意思为：认为它们是渺小的，无用的，诋毁，贬低，瞧不起它们。故填Regard as small or unimportant. /Minimize. /Denigrate. /Disparage. / Look down upon. 【50题详解】 考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段“Thanks to Luke, four kittens and a fireman were saved. That day, I was very proud of Luke for his two heroic actions. Luke showed much compassion for both animals like him and for a human being who was trying to put out the fire with his colleagues.(多亏了卢克，四只小猫和一名消防员得救了。那天，我为卢克的两个英雄行为感到骄傲。卢克对像他这样的动物和一个试图和他的同事一起灭火的人都表现出了极大的同情)”可知，Luke是有帮助的，它可以帮助拯救人和小动物；它也是有同情心的，可以帮助处于危险中的人并寻求帮助。故填It is helpful. It can help to save people and little animals. /It is sympathetic. It can help people in danger and ask for help. 二、书面表达(共15分) 51. 假设你是李津，你朋友Jack沉迷于短视频而不能自拔，写信向你寻求帮助。请你给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括： (1) 表示理解和关心； (2) 指出沉迷短视频的影响； (3) 你的建议和措施。 参考词汇：短视频short video Dear Jack, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jack, I understand how easy it is to get caught up in short videos because they’re designed to be engaging. But I’m concerned about how much time they’re taking from your studies and real-life interactions. Spending too much time on these videos can harm your focus sleep, and even your mood. Studies show that constant scrolling reduces attention spans and leaves less energy for important tasks. To help manage this, I suggest starting with setting daily time limits. When you feel the urge to scroll, try redirecting that energy into reading a book or going for a short walk. Perhaps we could meet up for regular study sessions or join a sports club together. Remember I’m here to support you. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李津的身份，给沉迷于短视频的朋友Jack回一封电子邮件，应首先对他的处境表示理解和关心，再指出沉迷短视频的影响，最后给出个人建议和解决措施。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 吸引人的：engaging → attractive/appealing 损害：harm → do harm to/be detrimental to 表明：show → indicate/demonstrate 从……开始：start with → begin with/commence with 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To help manage this, I suggest starting with setting daily time limits. 拓展句：To help manage this, I suggest (that) you (should) start with setting daily time limits. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I understand how easy it is to get caught up in short videos because they’re designed to be engaging. (运用了how引导宾语从句、because引导原因状语从句) [高分句型2] Studies show that constant scrolling reduces attention spans and leaves less energy for important tasks. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$