精品解析：广东省湛江市霞山区湛江市第二十中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题

2025春季学期高二级第二次阶段性考试 英语试卷 (试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Selecting gifts for your beloved ones can be one of the most difficult parts. But don’t worry! We can help! Here are some gift ideas to suit all pockets. Air purifier Do you have a loved one who suffers from allergies (过敏) or other skin diseases? Why not gift him or her an air cleaner? Research has shown that air purifiers can help reduce allergy reactions, remove asthma (哮喘) causes such as dust by improving air quality in your home. Look for purifiers with more than one filter and, especially, a high efficiency air filter. Electric toothbrush One review of 56 studies has found that a powered toothbrush resulted in a 21 per cent reduction of plaque and an 11 per cent reduction in gingivitis (牙龈炎) after three months, compared with a manual toothbrush. It’s also a fun way for children to look after their dental hygiene. Dark chocolate Nothing screams a gift quite like chocolate. Good news is that dark chocolate is associated with several health benefits. Small amounts of this sweet treat may lower the risk of heart disease, improve brain function and give your immune system a boost, potentially reducing infection. Your time Quality time spent with your nearest and dearest is completely free, but is the most precious gift you could give them. If you’ve been too preoccupied of late, determine to put aside more hours to do fun things together, or if you have time to devote to others outside your immediate circle, consider volunteering with Age UK as a friend to an elderly person. 1. Which of the following is suitable for someone with a dental problem? A. Air purifier. B. Electric toothbrush. C. Dark chocolate. D. Your time. 2. What do the first three presents have in common? A. They belong to tech presents. B. They are non-physical objects. C. They are intended for the elderly. D. They help promote healthy living. 3. What is special about the last present? A. It is priceless. B. It is worthless. C. It is physical. D. It is rare. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了为你所爱的人可挑选的礼物。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Electric toothbrush中的“One review of 56 studies has found that a powered toothbrush resulted in a 21 per cent reduction of plaque and an 11 per cent reduction in gingivitis(牙龈炎)after three months, compared with a manual toothbrush. It’s also a fun way for children to look after their dental hygiene.”（一项对56项研究的综述发现，与手动牙刷相比，三个月后，电动牙刷可以减少21%的牙菌斑，减少11%的牙龈炎。这也是孩子们保持牙齿卫生的一个有趣的方法。）可知，电动牙刷适合有牙齿问题的人。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Air purifier中的“Research has shown that air purifiers can help reduce allergy reactions, remove asthma(哮喘)causes such as dust by improving air quality in your home”（研究表明，空气净化器可以帮助减少过敏反应，通过改善家里的空气质量来消除灰尘等哮喘原因）根据Electric toothbrush中的“One review of 56 studies has found that a powered toothbrush resulted in a 21 per cent reduction of plaque and an 11 per cent reduction in gingivitis(牙龈炎)after three months,”（一项对56项研究的综述发现，三个月后，电动牙刷可以减少21%的牙菌斑，减少11%的牙龈炎，）根据Dark chocolate中的“Good news is that dark chocolate is associated with several health benefits.”（好消息是，黑巧克力对健康有益。）可知，前三个礼物的共同点是它们有助于促进健康的生活方式。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Your time中的“Quality time spent with your nearest and dearest is completely free, but is the most precious gift you could give them.”（与你最亲近的人共度美好时光是完全免费的，但这是你能给他们的最珍贵的礼物。）可知，最后一个礼物是无价的。故选A项。 B I started walking backward for no apparent reason. I was simply waving goodbye to my daughters when it hit me to take a few steps backward. Since I’d already started, I thought I could walk all the way home that way. After all, the contradiction of moving forward by going backward seemed engaging and worth exploring. The first problem was practical. Snow is a pain even for regular walking, so my pace slowed down considerably. At this different pace, life itself felt rushed in comparison. How silly it is that we’re always in such a hurry to get somewhere. For example, I often arrive at places long after my body gets there. Sometimes I reach my daughters’ school, but my mind is still at home, wondering whether I unplugged my wife’s hair dryer. Walking backward, however, forced me to adjust the pace of my body to my mind. The next thing had to do with vision. In regular walking, the path ahead is always visible. Here, you use other senses: you hear the car approaching, you sense the unevenness of the ground, and you notice the change in the firmness of the snow. You activate an entire set of skills we usually don’t use because of our dependence on sight. This way, the familiar path I walked every day suddenly felt like a grand adventure, a discovery I hadn’t anticipated. Because of my addiction to foolish ideas, I decided to continue my backward walking for the rest of the day. And I quickly realized something obvious: the path I enjoyed most was the one I had already travelled. And it struck me that this was the right way to look at life: moving toward a destination without ever forgetting where you’ve been, or how far you’ve come. Looking back is always good for self-value. There’s no way to look at yesterday and not feel better: for the illness that didn’t kill you, or the happy childhood days that still make you smile. 4. What interested the author in the first paragraph? A. Finding a new route back home. B Engaging himself in deep thinking. C. Moving forward in a different manner. D. Seeing his daughters off every morning. 5. What did the author realize on the way back home? A. We need to stay focused at work. B. We don’t need to live a rushed life. C. We should spend more time with family. D. We shouldn’t compare ourselves to others. 6. How did the author overcome the vision problem? A. He studied a set of new skills. B. He depended on his memory. C. He followed his sense of direction. D. He made full use of other senses. 7. What message does the author seem to deliver in the last paragraph? A. Childhood is the best part in life. B. It’s inspiring to reflect on the past. C. It’s important to find your self-value. D. One ought to learn to forgive himself. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇叙议结合的文章。文章通过作者倒着走路的经历，探讨了放慢生活节奏、依赖其他感官以及回顾过去的重要性。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“I started walking backward for no apparent reason. I was simply waving goodbye to my daughters when it hit me to take a few steps backward. Since I’d already started, I thought I could walk all the way home that way. After all, the contradiction of moving forward by going backward seemed engaging and worth exploring.(我毫无缘由地开始倒着行走。当时正挥手向女儿们道别，突然心血来潮想后退几步。既然已经开了头，我索性决定就这么倒着走回家。毕竟，这种通过后退实现前进的矛盾感既引人入胜又值得玩味。)”可知，作者对以一种不同的方式前进感兴趣。故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“At this different pace, life itself felt rushed in comparison. How silly it is that we’re always in such a hurry to get somewhere.(在这个不同的速度下，生活本身相比之下显得很匆忙。我们总是急于到达某个地方，这真是太傻了。)”可知，作者觉得人们总是急于到达某个地方太傻了，可得出作者意识到我们不需要过一种匆忙的生活。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The next thing had to do with vision. In regular walking, the path ahead is always visible. Here, you use other senses: you hear the car approaching, you sense the unevenness of the ground, and you notice the change in the firmness of the snow.(下一件事与视觉有关。在正常的行走中，前方的道路总是可见的。在这里，你使用其他感官：你听到汽车靠近的声音，你感觉到地面的不平整，你注意到雪的硬度的变化。)”可知，作者通过充分利用其他感官来克服视觉问题。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“And I quickly realized something obvious: the path I enjoyed most was the one I had already travelled. And it struck me that this was the right way to look at life: moving toward a destination without ever forgetting where you’ve been, or how far you’ve come. Looking back is always good for self-value. There’s no way to look at yesterday and not feel better: for the illness that didn’t kill you, or the happy childhood days that still make you smile.(我很快意识到一些显而易见的事情：我最喜欢的道路是我已经走过的那条。我突然意识到，这是看待生活的正确方式：朝着一个目的地前进，而不要忘记你去过哪里，也不要忘记你走了多远。回顾总是有利于自我价值。当你回顾昨天的时候，你会感觉好多了：因为那场没有夺去你生命的疾病，或者那些仍然让你微笑的快乐童年。)”可知，作者认为回顾过去是很有启发性的。故选B项。 C Numerous industries produce larger quantities of wastewater containing high concentrations of organic substances and inorganic salts. Discharging (排放) these wastewater to the environment is harmful to ecosystem and human health. However, the high salt content in these wastewater poses serious challenges for existing treatment processes. Researchers at Rice University, in partnership with Guangdong University of Technology, have developed a groundbreaking method for it — adopting dialysis (透析) technology commonly used in medicine. The researchers selected commercial ultrafiltration Membranes (超滤膜) which were designed to let salt pass through while trapping organic substances. They set up a system where salty waste water and fresh water flowed in opposite directions on either side of a special membrane, without needing pumps. Due to the difference of salt concentrations (浓度) between waste water and fresh water, salt naturally moves into the fresh water while organic substances are kept back. To test this, they compared the amount of organic material and salt in the waste water before and after treatment. The results showed the system could effectively remove salt without using extra amounts of fresh water. One significant advantage of dialysis is its resistance to fouling (积垢). Unlike pressure-driven systems, dialysis experienced notably less buildup of organic materials on the membrane because it doesn’t rely on extra pressure. “This could translate to lower energy consumption, less maintenance, and fewer membrane replacements,” said Elimelech, a researcher on the study. Additionally, with suitable membranes, dialysis can be tailored to separate various organics, enabling the selective recovery of valuable resources from the wastewater. In this way, dialysis creates opportunities for transforming wastewater treatment plants into resource recovery factories, aligning the principles of a recycling economy. Overall, while dialysis alone doesn’t fully purify waste water, it can transform the high-salinity (高盐浓度) organic wastewater stream into a low-salinity organic wastewater stream that can be readily treated by conventional methods, which revolutionizes the treatment of some of the most challenging industrial wastewater. 8. What is the major challenge faced by current wastewater treatment? A. The lack of sufficient treatment devices. B. The high salt percentage in wastewater. C. The substantial volumes of wastewater. D. The considerable cost of treatment processes. 9. What can be learned about the process of dialysing wastewater? A. The membrane transformed salt into organics. B. The extra pressure contributed to salt transport. C. The concentration difference played the key role. D. Liquids on both sides flowed in the same direction. 10. What does the underlined word “aligning” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. establishing. B. breaking. C. challenging. D. matching. 11. Which of the following can be a suitable title? A. Dialysis: A Pioneering Blessing for Medicine B. Membranes: A Protective Screen for Fresh Water C. Dialysis: A New Pathway for Wastewater Treatment D. High-Salinity Wastewater: A Threat to the Environment. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了莱斯大学和广东工业大学的研究人员合作开发了一种开创性的处理高盐有机废水的方法 —— 采用医学上常用的透析技术，阐述了该方法的原理、优势以及对废水处理的重要意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, the high salt content in these wastewater pose serious challenges for existing treatment processes.(然而，这些废水中的高盐含量给现有的处理工艺带来了严重的挑战)”可知，当前废水处理面临的主要挑战是废水中的高盐含量。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“They set up a system where salty waste water and fresh water flowed in opposite directions on either side of a special membrane, without needing pumps. Due to the difference of salt concentrations (浓度) between waste water and fresh water, salt naturally moves into the fresh water while organic substances are kept back.(他们建立了一套系统，在该系统中，含盐废水与淡水在一张特殊膜的两侧反向流动，且无需借助水泵。由于废水和淡水之间存在盐浓度差异，盐分会自然地扩散到淡水中，而有机物质则被截留)”可知，在处理废水的透析过程中，浓度差起到了关键作用。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Additionally, with suitable membranes, dialysis can be tailored to separate various organics, enabling the selective recovery of valuable resources from the wastewater. In this way, dialysis creates opportunities for transforming wastewater treatment plants into resource recovery factories(此外，通过采用合适的膜材料，透析技术能够被定制以分离不同的有机物，从而可以从废水中选择性地回收有价值的资源。如此一来，透析技术为将污水处理厂转变为资源回收工厂创造了机遇)”和“the principles of a recycling economy(循环经济的原则)”可知，透析为将废水处理厂转变为资源回收工厂创造了机会，这与循环经济的原则是一致的，所以“aligning”意思最接近“matching(匹配，相一致)”。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers at Rice University, in partnership with Guangdong University of Technology, have developed a groundbreaking method for it — adopting dialysis (透析) technology commonly used in medicine.(Rice University的研究人员与广东工业大学合作，为此开发出了一项突破性方法——采用医学领域常用的透析技术)”以及后文对该方法的介绍可知，本文主要讲的是透析技术为废水处理提供了一条新途径。所以最佳标题为C选项“Dialysis: A New Pathway for Wastewater Treatment(透析：污水处理的新途径)”。故选C。 D Embodied intelligence (具身智能), a revolutionary concept in artificial intelligence (AI), challenges the traditional view that intelligence exists purely in algorithms (算法). Unlike conventional AI systems that process data in isolation, embodied AI interacts with the physical world through sensors and actuators, imitating how humans learn by integrating body and mind. Research from MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) reveals that robots with embodied intelligence outperform screen-bound AI in complex tasks. For example, a robot arm learning to pour water adjusts its movements based on tactile feedback — a process requiring continuous adaptation, which demonstrates how physical interaction enhances cognitive (认知) development in ways keyboard-based training cannot achieve. This “learning-by-doing” approach agrees with developmental psychology theories emphasizing the role of sensory experiences in human intelligence. However, critics argue that embodied AI faces unique challenges. While digital AI can be trained on massive datasets, physical robots require costly real-world trials. A 2023 study in Nature Robotics found that an embodied AI system took 40% longer to master object recognition than its virtual counterpart, partly because environmental variables like lighting and friction (摩擦) introduced unpredictability. Hardware durability further complicates application; saltwater exposure reduces marine exploration robots’ lifespan by 60% compared to lab models. Additionally, ethical concerns emerge as these systems gain autonomy — should a self-driving car prioritize passenger safety or pedestrian lives in unavoidable crashes? Despite these disadvantages, industries are embracing embodied intelligence. Medical robots now assist surgeons by providing tactile (触觉的) feedback during operations, while agricultural drones analyze soil quality through aerial imaging and physical sampling. As Dr. Cynthia Breazeal, a pioneer in social robotics, observes: “True intelligence isn’t just about dealing with numbers; it’s about understanding and navigating the messy reality we live in.” The future of AI may depend on bridging the gap between digital and physical gaps. Emerging technologies like neuromorphic computing, which imitates the brain’s neural structure, could enhance embodied systems’ real-time adaptability. For tasks demanding contextual awareness and adaptive problem-solving, embodied intelligence offers solutions that no screen can reproduce. 12. What can we know about embodied intelligence? A. Physical interaction enhances its cognitive efficiency. B. Screen-bound AI outperforms it in adaptability. C. It prioritizes algorithmic complexity. D. It processes data in isolation. 13. What challenge does the 2023 study in Nature Robotics highlight for embodied intelligence? A. Timely tactile feedback. B. Limited dataset accessibility. C. Unpredictable environmental factors. D. Too much reliance on virtual training. 14. Why is Cynthia Breazeal mentioned in the passage? A. To stress ethical concerns in AI. B. To demonstrate the popularity of robots. C. To clarify hardware durability challenges. D. To prove the feature of embodied intelligence. 15. What is the attitude of the author to embodied intelligence? A. Indifferent. B. Objective. C. Dismissive. D. Skeptical. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了具身智能的概念、优势与挑战，并探讨其应用前景及未来发展方向，呈现了客观分析的态度。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For example, a robot arm learning to pour water adjusts its movements based on tactile feedback — a process requiring continuous adaptation, which demonstrates how physical interaction enhances cognitive (认知) development in ways keyboard-based training cannot achieve. (例如，一个学习倒水的机械臂会基于触觉反馈来调整它的动作——这是一个需要持续适应的过程，这展示了身体互动是如何以基于键盘的训练所无法实现的方式来增强认知发展的)”可知，身体互动能增强具身智能的认知效率。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A 2023 study in Nature Robotics found that an embodied AI system took 40% longer to master object recognition than its virtual counterpart, partly because environmental variables like lighting and friction (摩擦) introduced unpredictability. (《自然·机器人学》2023年的一项研究发现，一个具身人工智能系统掌握物体识别的时间比虚拟人工智能系统长40%，部分原因是诸如光照和摩擦等环境变量带来了不可预测性)”可知，2023年《自然·机器人学》上的一项研究强调了光照和摩擦等环境变量为具身智能带来了不可预测性，即具身智能面临的不可预测的环境因素这一挑战。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“As Dr. Cynthia Breazeal, a pioneer in social robotics, observes: “True intelligence isn’t just about dealing with numbers; it’s about understanding and navigating the messy reality we live in.” (正如社交机器人领域的先驱辛西娅·布雷泽尔博士所观察到的那样：“真正的智能不仅仅是处理数字，还关乎理解和应对我们所生活的复杂现实。”)”可知，辛西娅·布雷泽尔博士强调真正的智能不仅仅是处理数字，而是理解和驾驭我们所生活的混乱现实，这正是具身智能的特征。由此推知，文中提到辛西娅·布雷泽尔是为了证明具身智能的特征。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章首先介绍了具身智能的概念及其相对于传统人工智能的优势，然后提到具身智能面临的独特挑战，如需要昂贵的现实世界试验、环境变量的不可预测性、硬件耐久性问题以及伦理问题等，接着提到具身智能在医疗、农业等行业的应用，最后提到具身智能的未来可能依赖于新兴技术来增强其适应性。作者在介绍具身智能时，既提到了其优势，也提到了其面临的挑战，没有表现出明显的偏见或倾向性。由此推知，作者以一种客观的态度对具身智能进行了介绍和分析。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The final year of senior high school is a critical yet challenging period, marked by intense academic pressure and emotional stress. Balancing exam preparation and personal well-being requires strategic planning. Below are practical methods to help students manage stress and increase learning efficiency. Prioritize Time Management Creating a realistic timetable is foundational. Divide study sessions into 45-minute blocks with 10-minute breaks to prevent burnout. Use tools like planners or apps to track deadlines and arrange time for weak subjects. Avoid multitasking — focus on one task at a time to enhance memory. ____16____. Combine Physical and Mental Wellness Physical activity is proven to lower cortisol (皮质醇) levels. Daily exercise, such as walking, dancing, or cycling, can improve mood and sharpen focus. ____17____. Even 5 minutes of deep breathing before studying can calm nerves and improve cognitive performance. Build a Support Network Isolation will increase stress. Share academic challenges with peers, teachers, or family to gain perspective. Study groups encourage cooperative learning and reduce loneliness by sharing solutions to problems. Schools offer consulting services. ____18____. A strong support system provides emotional relief and practical advice, helping you handle difficulties effectively. Improve Study Techniques ____19____. Thus, adopt active learning methods: summarize notes aloud, use flashcards for memorization, or teach concepts to peers. For instance, the Pomodoro Technique (25 minutes of study+5-minute breaks) enhances concentration. Additionally, simulate exam conditions through timed practice tests to build confidence and identify gaps. In conclusion, while stress is unavoidable during senior high school, adopting these strategies above can help you manage it effectively. ____20____. Stay positive, and you will overcome any challenges! A. A structured routine reduces anxiety and promotes a sense of control B. Remember, being healthy is the key to academic success C. Pair this with mindfulness practices like deep breathing D. Therefore, you should be modest and hardworking E. Nothing is more significant than study F. Turn to professionals if overwhelmed G. Generally, passive strategies are ineffective 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种应对高三的学习压力和紧张情绪的方法。 【16题详解】 上文“Creating a realistic timetable is foundational. Divide study sessions into 45-minute blocks with 10-minute breaks to prevent burnout. Use tools like planners or apps to track deadlines and arrange time for weak subjects. Avoid multitasking — focus on one task at a time to enhance memory.(制定一个现实的时间表是基础。将学习时间划分为45分钟一个时间段，中间休息10分钟，以防止过度疲劳。使用计划本或应用程序等工具来跟踪截止日期，并为薄弱科目安排时间。避免同时处理多项任务，一次只专注于一项任务，以提高记忆力)”说明要制定合理的时间表来管理时间，空处和上文为顺接关系，说明这样做的好处，A项“有结构的日常安排能减少焦虑，增强掌控感”符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 上文“Physical activity is proven to lower cortisol levels. Daily exercise, such as walking, dancing, or cycling, can improve mood and sharpen focus.(有证据表明，体育活动可以降低皮质醇水平。每天锻炼，如散步、跳舞或骑自行车，可以改善情绪，提高注意力)”说明体育活动对身心有益，下文“Even 5 minutes of deep breathing before studying can calm nerves and improve cognitive performance.(甚至在学习前进行5分钟的深呼吸也可以镇静神经，提高认知能力)”强调了深呼吸的作用，空处承上启下，并且呼应本段标题“Combine Physical and Mental Wellness(将身体和心理健康相结合)”，C项“将体育活动与像深呼吸这样的正念练习相结合”符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“Share academic challenges with peers, teachers, or family to gain perspective. Study groups encourage cooperative learning and reduce loneliness by sharing solutions to problems. Schools offer consulting services.(与同学、老师或家人分享学术挑战，以获得新的视角。学习小组通过分享问题解决方案来鼓励合作学习，减少孤独感。学校提供咨询服务)”提供了多种寻求帮助的途径，F项“如果压力过大，可以寻求专业人士的帮助”指出压力大时的做法，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 下文“Thus, adopt active learning methods: summarize notes aloud, use flashcards for memorization, or teach concepts to peers.(因此，采用积极的学习方法：大声总结笔记，使用抽认卡进行记忆，或向同学讲解概念)”表明要采用积极的学习方法，空处和下文为因果关系，说明消极被动的学习方法效果不佳，G项“一般来说，被动的学习策略效果不佳”符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 上文“In conclusion, while stress is unavoidable during senior high school, adopting these strategies above can help you manage it effectively.(总之，虽然高中阶段压力不可避免，但采用上述策略可以帮助你有效地管理压力)”说明要采用上述策略来管理压力，B项“记住，健康是学业成功的关键”作为结论性的建议，强调了健康的重要性，符合语境。故选B。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I never knew a chance encounter was to change my career forever. One snowy December day, I wandered out of my New York apartment and ____21____ for a grocery store on Third Ave. Behind me someone shouted, “Where can I find peaches?” I turned around to ____22____an annoyed woman standing outside the greengrocer’s. The absurdity (荒谬) of the moment____23____ me — why must someone buy peaches in the middle of winter? I was already____24____of the issues facing the food system: industrialized farming destroying our soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens ____25____ in making the right buying decisions, and the ____26____ of ultra-processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets, schools and hospitals, to name a few. But this moment underscored our serious ____27____with nature and its seasons. We had ____28____ the idea that food could and should be eaten any time of the year. Too terrible! An inner voice whispered: “Do something to ____29____seasonal flavour into people’s lives.” After graduation, ____30____ by the skyscrapers (摩天大楼) and energy of the Big Apple, I landed a decent job with a____31____salary, managing financial investment for clients. Yet my work was stuck in an undercurrent of greed that I struggled to ____32____. Now it was time. I was ____33____my 40s. If I did not act now, it would be too late. An urgency____34____ and food became my “North Star”. That was the launcher that ____35____me from a New York skyscraper to a London food market. 21. A. spoke B. cheered C. worked D. headed 22. A. spot B. hit C. approach D. comfort 23. A. amused B. tricked C. struck D. hurt 24. A. afraid B. aware C. ashamed D. careful 25. A. impatient B. reasonable C. picky D. powerless 26. A. assessment B. prejudice C. dominance D. classification 27. A. dissatisfaction B. disconnect C. familiarity D. mixture 28. A. normalized B. finalized C. commercialized D. prioritized 29. A. program B. fold C. channel D. transform 30. A. greeted B. attracted C. surrounded D. refreshed 31. A. flexible B. basic C. handsome D. fair 32. A. escape B. maintain C. interpret D. reveal 33. A. averaging B. nearing C. braving D. battling 34. A. kicked in B. built up C. passed by D. caught on 35. A. witnessed B. accompanied C. saved D. shot 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了作者因为一次购物的时候，发现一个女人要冬天买桃子，意识到食品系统面临的问题:人们与自然及其季节严重脱节。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：12月一个下雪的日子，我走出纽约的公寓，向第三大道的一家杂货店走去。A. spoke说话；B. cheered欢呼；C. worked工作；D. headed前往。根据后文“for a grocery store”指作者前往杂货店。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我转过身来，看见一个生气的女人站在蔬菜水果店外面。A. spot发现；B. hit打击；C. approach靠近；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“ Behind me someone shouted, “Where can I find peaches?””可知，作者看到了一个生气的女人。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一荒谬的时刻触动了我——为什么一定要有人在大冬天买桃子呢？A. amused娱乐；B. tricked欺骗；C. struck打击；D. hurt伤害。根据后文“me — why must someone buy peaches in the middle of winter?”可知，作者开始好奇为什么冬天要买桃子，说明被触动了。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经意识到食品系统面临的问题：工业化农业破坏了我们的土壤，不明确的供应链使公民无力做出正确的购买决定，以及超市、学校和医院中毫无营养价值的超加工食品占主导地位，等等。A. afraid害怕的；B. aware意识到的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. careful仔细的。根据后文“of the issues facing the food system: industrialized farming destroying our soils”可知，作者意识到食品系统面临的问题。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经意识到食品系统面临的问题：工业化农业破坏了我们的土壤，不明确的供应链使公民无力做出正确的购买决定，以及超市、学校和医院中毫无营养价值的超加工食品占主导地位，等等。A. impatient无耐心的；B. reasonable合理的；C. picky挑剔的；D. powerless无力的。根据上文“unclear supply chains leaving citizens”以及后文“in making the right buying decisions”可知，不明确的供应链使公民无力做出正确的购买决定，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经意识到食品系统面临的问题：工业化农业破坏了我们的土壤，不明确的供应链使公民无力做出正确的购买决定，以及超市、学校和医院中毫无营养价值的超加工食品占主导地位，等等。A. assessment评估；B. prejudice偏见；C. dominance优势；D. classification分类。根据后文“of ultra-processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets, schools and hospitals, to name a few”以及上文列举的问题，超市、学校和医院中毫无营养价值的超加工食品占主导地位，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这一时刻凸显了我们与自然及其季节的严重脱节。A. dissatisfaction不满意；B. disconnect切断，脱离；C. familiarity精通；D. mixture混合体。根据上文“why must someone buy peaches in the middle of winter?”可知，冬天买桃子凸显了我们与自然及其季节的严重脱节。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经把食物可以而且应该在一年中的任何时候吃的想法正常化了。A. normalize规范化；B. finalized完成；C. commercialized商业化；D. prioritized优先化。根据后文“the idea that food could and should be eaten any time of the year”以及上文女人要冬天买桃子，说明把食物可以而且应该在一年中的任何时候吃的想法正常化了。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：内心有个声音在低语：“做点什么，把季节性的味道引入人们的生活。”A. program项目；B. fold折叠；C. channel引入；D. transform改变。根据后文“seasonal flavour into people’s lives”指把季节性的味道引入人们的生活。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，被纽约的摩天大楼和活力所吸引，我找到了一份薪水丰厚的体面工作，为客户管理金融投资。A. greeted问候；B. attracted吸引；C. surrounded围绕；D. refreshed使恢复精神。根据后文“by the skyscrapers and energy of the Big Apple, I landed a decent job with a”可知，作者被纽约的摩天大楼和活力所吸引，在纽约找了工作。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，被纽约的摩天大楼和活力所吸引，我找到了一份薪水丰厚的体面工作，为客户管理金融投资。A. flexible灵活的；B. basic基本的；C. handsome可观的；优厚的；D. fair公平的。根据上文“I landed a decent job”可知，作者找到了一份薪水丰厚的体面工作，handsome salary表示“丰厚的薪水”。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的作品陷入了一股贪婪的暗流，我努力想要摆脱它。A. escape逃走；B. maintain维持；C. interpret解释；D. reveal揭露。根据上文“Yet my work was stuck in an undercurrent of greed that I struggled to”可知，作者陷入了一股贪婪的暗流，作者努力想要摆脱它。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我快40岁了。A. averaging平均；B. nearing接近；C. braving勇敢面对；D. battling战斗。根据后文“If I did not act now, it would be too late.(如果我现在不采取行动，就太晚了)”可知，作者快40岁了。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一种紧迫感袭来，食物成了我的“北极星”。A. kicked in开始；B. built up建立；C. passed by路过；D. caught on捕捉。根据上文“If I did not act now, it would be too late.(如果我现在不采取行动，就太晚了)”可知，作者年纪大了，开始有了紧迫感。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那就是把我从纽约摩天大楼射到伦敦食品市场的发射装置。A. witnessed目击；B. accompanied陪伴；C. saved挽救；D. shot射击。根据前文“ If I did not act now, it would be too late.”和后文“from a New York skyscraper to a London food market”可知，作者想要做点什么，因此推断此处用把作者从纽约摩天大楼射到伦敦食品市场的发射装置，说明作者辞去了在纽约摩天大楼的工作，来到了食品市场。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 The Wandering Earth is China’s biggest sci-fi film to date. ____36____ (direct) by Fan Guo of My Old Classmate and starring Wu Jing of Wolf Warrior 1 and 2 The Wandering Earth was one of ____37____ most anticipated films of 2019. The film is based on a short story by Liu Cixin, ____38____ great work The Three Body Problem was ____39____ (original) supposed to receive the popularity. The film is set in a future Earth, whose inhabitants prepare to escape from the solar system as the sun expands into a red giant phase, ____40____ (threaten) to engulf (吞没) Earth in flames. As the expanding sun changes the climate of the Earth, the governments of the world unite ____41____ the guidance of the UN Security Council to build massive engines to push the planet out of the solar system and towards nearby Proxima Centauri. At the same time, the residents of Earth move to underground ____42____ (city) where some AI robots are going to ____43____ (test) out. However, just as the Earth begins on ____44____ (it) journey across the galaxy, it gets trapped in the gravity well of Jupiter — after which it’s up to Wu Jing’s character Liu Peiqiang, his father, his son, his adopted daughter, and a number of Chinese soldiers and scientists ____45____ (save) the world. 【答案】36. Directed 37. the 38. whose 39. originally 40. threatening 41. under##with 42. cities 43. be tested 44. its 45. to save 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影《流浪地球》。 【36题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：《流浪地球》由《我的老同学》的弗朗特•格沃执导，《战狼1》和《战狼2》的吴京主演，是2019年最受期待的电影之一。此处为非谓语动词作状语，The Wandering Earth与direct之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，且首字母大写，故填Directed。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：《流浪地球》由《我的老同学》的弗朗特•格沃执导，《战狼1》和《战狼2》的吴京主演，是2019年最受期待的电影之一。最高级前用定冠词，故填the。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这部电影是根据刘慈欣的一个短篇故事改编的，他的旗舰作品《三体》原本应该在制作问题搁置这部电影之前接受电影化处理。此处引导定语从句，先行词为Liu Cixin，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：这部电影是根据刘慈欣的一个短篇故事改编的，他的旗舰作品《三体》原本应该在制作问题搁置这部电影之前接受电影化处理。此处修饰动词be supposed，应用副词originally“起初，原来”，作状语。故填originally。 【40题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：这部电影以未来的地球为背景，当太阳膨胀到红巨星阶段时，地球上的居民准备逃离太阳系，有可能将地球吞噬在火焰中。此处为非谓语动词作状语，前面一件事与threaten之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填threatening。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着不断膨胀的太阳改变了地球的气候，世界各国政府在联合国安理会的领导下联合起来，建造大型发动机，将地球推出太阳系，并推向附近的半人马座比邻星。固定搭配under/with the guidance表示“在……的指导之下”。故填under或with。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：与此同时，地球上的居民搬到地下城市，在地下城市是机器人将要被测验。city是可数名词，前无限定词，应用名词复数。故填cities。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。be going to do是固定结构，意为“将要做某事”，又根据句意是机器人将要被测验，所以用被动be tested。故填be tested。 【44题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：然而，就在地球开始穿越银河系的旅程时，它被困在木星的引力井中，之后，这取决于吴京饰演的角色刘培强、他的岳父、他的儿子、他的养女，以及许多中国士兵和科学家来拯救世界。此处修饰名词journey，应用形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填its。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，就在地球开始穿越银河系的旅程时，它被困在木星的引力井中，之后，这取决于吴京饰演的角色刘培强、他的岳父、他的儿子、他的养女，以及许多中国士兵和科学家来拯救世界。it’s up to sb to do表示“取决于某人来做某事”。故填to save。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报Youth Voice栏目正在举办征文比赛。请你以“Winners never quit”为题写一篇英文短文参赛，内容包括： （1）对该格言的理解； （2）个人经历及感悟。 参考词汇：格言 motto 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Winners Never Quit _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Winners Never Quit The motto “Winners never quit” resonates deeply with me. It means truly successful people are those who keep pushing forward, even when things get tough. It was put to the test last year when I joined a robotics competition. Initially, I struggled with programming errors and mechanical failures. Frustration crept in when my robot malfunctioned during trials. Yet, instead of giving up, I adjusted my strategy, studied late into nights, and learned from each failure. The turning point came when I redesigned the code logic — a small change that doubled my robot’s efficiency. Holding the first-place trophy, I realized it was my consistent perseverance that led to my success. This experience taught me that every effort, even if imperfect, brings me closer to victory. I’ll carry this truth with me, not just as a rule, but as the fire that keeps me going. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Winners never quit”题写一篇英文短文参赛。 【详解】1.词汇累积 艰难的：tough→difficult 起初：initially→at first 沮丧：frustration→sadness 试验：trial→test 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Holding the first-place trophy I realized it was my consistent perseverance that led to my success. 拓展句：When I was holding the first-place trophy, I realized it was my consistent perseverance that led to my success. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It means truly successful people are those who keep pushing forward, even when things get tough.（运用了who引导限制性定语从句，when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】This experience taught me that every effort, even if imperfect, brings me closer to victory. （运用了even if引导的让步状语从句的省略） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was incredibly proud of my school, the Maplewood Elementary. It connected me to my roots, as my father and grandfather had all graduated from here. So, when our teacher Mr. Dow announced a group project to create a brochure (小册子) about our school for its 100th anniversary, I was thrilled. The best three brochures would be displayed in the school library, which was a chance to show the new students how wonderful our school was. I was paired with two classmates: Jake. who loved photography, and Lily who had a gift for writing. Working with others could be fun, right? But my enthusiasm quickly faded. Our first meeting was a disaster. When we discussed which part of the school we should focus on, Jake kept talking about cameras and photos. I turned to Lily, hoping for some support. But she simply shrugged and said, “I’m not really into this. It sounds boring.” Jake nodded in agreement. The project seemed to be harder than I thought. At our next meeting, I tried to lead the conversation back to the project. I shared some interesting facts I had researched about the school. However, neither of them seemed interested. Jake had promised to gather materials from the library, but instead he showed us photos taken on the weekend. Lily hadn’t started her part of the research either, claiming she had been too busy. I felt like I was the only one who cared. Back home, I decided to take matters into my own hands. I stayed up late that night, trying to create the brochure by myself. But no matter how hard I tried, the result was far from satisfactory. I was exhausted and disheartened. My mom noticed I was upset. “You can’t do this alone,” she gently reminded me. “Jake and Lily have talents that can make this project shine. You just need to find a way to get them involved.” 注意： 1.续写词数为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With only three days left, I knew I had to act. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the final day, we presented our brochure in class. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With only three days left, I knew I had to act. After brainstorming some ideas, I invited Jake and Lily to my house. Opening my grandfather’s diary, I pointed at the faded photo of his class. “Your camera can save the moment for the future,” I told Jake, whose eyes suddenly sparkled. Then I suggested he photograph every corner of the school like “time travelers”. Meanwhile, Lily was engaged in my grandfather’s love letter, eager to bring hidden stories back to life. I was busy organizing layouts, combining historical accuracy with creativity. The clock was ticking, but our laughter replaced earlier frustration. (94词) On the final day, we presented our brochure in class. We stood by the blackboard as everyone went through the pages. They examined the brochure carefully, with their fingers tracing the photos, narratives and timelines which connected three generations of graduates. Noticing surprise on every face, we couldn’t wait to hear Mr. Dow’s announcement of the winner. “This work isn’t just about the school anniversary,” he finally said, tapping the cover where our three names shone, “it’s about how its spirit lives through students’ cooperation.” That afternoon in the library, seeing our brochure on display, we realized our combined talents had created what none could alone. (100词) 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和同学为学校百年校庆制作小册子的经历，展现了团队合作中的挑战、沟通、冲突解决以及最终的成功。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“只剩下三天时间了，我知道必须采取行动了。”以及第二段首句内容“在最后一天，我们在课堂上展示了我们的宣传册。”可知，第一段可描写作者让Jake和Lily一起设计宣传册的过程，其中包含三人分别干什么的内容。 ②由第二段首句内容“在最后一天，我们在课堂上展示了我们的宣传册。”可知，第二段可描写作者和朋友所设计的宣传册大获成功。 2.续写线索：只剩下三天的时候，作者知道必须赶紧行动——作者邀请Jake和Lily来家中商讨宣传册一事——作者翻开祖父的日记，建议Jake可以用相机记录一切——而Lily则被祖父的情书所吸引——作者则负责设计——最后一天，三人在课堂上展示了宣传册——同学们都大为惊叹——最终，作者他们所设计的宣传册获得了成功，而作者也意识到团体合作的重要性 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①建议：suggest/recommend ②正忙于：be engaged in/be occupied with ③注意：notice/take notice of 情绪类 ①渴望做某事：be eager to do sth./be anxious to do sth. ②惊讶：surprise/amazement 【点睛】【高分句型1】Then I suggested he photograph every corner of the school like “time travelers”.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】We stood by the blackboard as everyone went through the pages.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025春季学期高二级第二次阶段性考试 英语试卷 (试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Selecting gifts for your beloved ones can be one of the most difficult parts. But don’t worry! We can help! Here are some gift ideas to suit all pockets. Air purifier Do you have a loved one who suffers from allergies (过敏) or other skin diseases? Why not gift him or her an air cleaner? Research has shown that air purifiers can help reduce allergy reactions, remove asthma (哮喘) causes such as dust by improving air quality in your home. Look for purifiers with more than one filter and, especially, a high efficiency air filter. Electric toothbrush One review of 56 studies has found that a powered toothbrush resulted in a 21 per cent reduction of plaque and an 11 per cent reduction in gingivitis (牙龈炎) after three months, compared with a manual toothbrush. It’s also a fun way for children to look after their dental hygiene. Dark chocolate Nothing screams a gift quite like chocolate. Good news is that dark chocolate is associated with several health benefits. Small amounts of this sweet treat may lower the risk of heart disease, improve brain function and give your immune system a boost, potentially reducing infection. Your time Quality time spent with your nearest and dearest is completely free, but is the most precious gift you could give them. If you’ve been too preoccupied of late, determine to put aside more hours to do fun things together, or if you have time to devote to others outside your immediate circle, consider volunteering with Age UK as a friend to an elderly person. 1. Which of the following is suitable for someone with a dental problem? A. Air purifier. B. Electric toothbrush. C. Dark chocolate. D. Your time. 2. What do the first three presents have in common? A. They belong to tech presents. B. They are non-physical objects. C. They are intended for the elderly. D. They help promote healthy living. 3. What is special about the last present? A. It is priceless. B. It is worthless. C. It is physical. D. It is rare. B I started walking backward for no apparent reason. I was simply waving goodbye to my daughters when it hit me to take a few steps backward. Since I’d already started, I thought I could walk all the way home that way. After all, the contradiction of moving forward by going backward seemed engaging and worth exploring. The first problem was practical. Snow is a pain even for regular walking, so my pace slowed down considerably. At this different pace, life itself felt rushed in comparison. How silly it is that we’re always in such a hurry to get somewhere. For example, I often arrive at places long after my body gets there. Sometimes I reach my daughters’ school, but my mind is still at home, wondering whether I unplugged my wife’s hair dryer. Walking backward, however, forced me to adjust the pace of my body to my mind. The next thing had to do with vision. In regular walking, the path ahead is always visible. Here, you use other senses: you hear the car approaching, you sense the unevenness of the ground, and you notice the change in the firmness of the snow. You activate an entire set of skills we usually don’t use because of our dependence on sight. This way, the familiar path I walked every day suddenly felt like a grand adventure, a discovery I hadn’t anticipated. Because of my addiction to foolish ideas, I decided to continue my backward walking for the rest of the day. And I quickly realized something obvious: the path I enjoyed most was the one I had already travelled. And it struck me that this was the right way to look at life: moving toward a destination without ever forgetting where you’ve been, or how far you’ve come. Looking back is always good for self-value. There’s no way to look at yesterday and not feel better: for the illness that didn’t kill you, or the happy childhood days that still make you smile. 4 What interested the author in the first paragraph? A. Finding a new route back home. B. Engaging himself in deep thinking. C. Moving forward in a different manner. D. Seeing his daughters off every morning. 5. What did the author realize on the way back home? A. We need to stay focused at work. B We don’t need to live a rushed life. C. We should spend more time with family. D. We shouldn’t compare ourselves to others. 6. How did the author overcome the vision problem? A. He studied a set of new skills. B. He depended on his memory. C. He followed his sense of direction. D. He made full use of other senses. 7. What message does the author seem to deliver in the last paragraph? A. Childhood is the best part in life. B. It’s inspiring to reflect on the past. C. It’s important to find your self-value. D. One ought to learn to forgive himself. C Numerous industries produce larger quantities of wastewater containing high concentrations of organic substances and inorganic salts. Discharging (排放) these wastewater to the environment is harmful to ecosystem and human health. However the high salt content in these wastewater poses serious challenges for existing treatment processes. Researchers at Rice University, in partnership with Guangdong University of Technology, have developed a groundbreaking method for it — adopting dialysis (透析) technology commonly used in medicine. The researchers selected commercial ultrafiltration Membranes (超滤膜) which were designed to let salt pass through while trapping organic substances. They set up a system where salty waste water and fresh water flowed in opposite directions on either side of a special membrane, without needing pumps. Due to the difference of salt concentrations (浓度) between waste water and fresh water, salt naturally moves into the fresh water while organic substances are kept back. To test this, they compared the amount of organic material and salt in the waste water before and after treatment. The results showed the system could effectively remove salt without using extra amounts of fresh water. One significant advantage of dialysis is its resistance to fouling (积垢). Unlike pressure-driven systems, dialysis experienced notably less buildup of organic materials on the membrane because it doesn’t rely on extra pressure. “This could translate to lower energy consumption, less maintenance, and fewer membrane replacements,” said Elimelech, a researcher on the study. Additionally, with suitable membranes, dialysis can be tailored to separate various organics, enabling the selective recovery of valuable resources from the wastewater. In this way, dialysis creates opportunities for transforming wastewater treatment plants into resource recovery factories, aligning the principles of a recycling economy. Overall, while dialysis alone doesn’t fully purify waste water, it can transform the high-salinity (高盐浓度) organic wastewater stream into a low-salinity organic wastewater stream that can be readily treated by conventional methods, which revolutionizes the treatment of some of the most challenging industrial wastewater. 8. What is the major challenge faced by current wastewater treatment? A. The lack of sufficient treatment devices. B. The high salt percentage in wastewater. C. The substantial volumes of wastewater. D. The considerable cost of treatment processes. 9. What can be learned about the process of dialysing wastewater? A. The membrane transformed salt into organics. B. The extra pressure contributed to salt transport. C. The concentration difference played the key role. D. Liquids on both sides flowed in the same direction. 10 What does the underlined word “aligning” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. establishing. B. breaking. C. challenging. D. matching. 11. Which of the following can be a suitable title? A. Dialysis: A Pioneering Blessing for Medicine B. Membranes: A Protective Screen for Fresh Water C. Dialysis: A New Pathway for Wastewater Treatment D. High-Salinity Wastewater: A Threat to the Environment. D Embodied intelligence (具身智能), a revolutionary concept in artificial intelligence (AI), challenges the traditional view that intelligence exists purely in algorithms (算法). Unlike conventional AI systems that process data in isolation, embodied AI interacts with the physical world through sensors and actuators, imitating how humans learn by integrating body and mind. Research from MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) reveals that robots with embodied intelligence outperform screen-bound AI in complex tasks. For example, a robot arm learning to pour water adjusts its movements based on tactile feedback — a process requiring continuous adaptation, which demonstrates how physical interaction enhances cognitive (认知) development in ways keyboard-based training cannot achieve. This “learning-by-doing” approach agrees with developmental psychology theories emphasizing the role of sensory experiences in human intelligence. However, critics argue that embodied AI faces unique challenges. While digital AI can be trained on massive datasets, physical robots require costly real-world trials. A 2023 study in Nature Robotics found that an embodied AI system took 40% longer to master object recognition than its virtual counterpart, partly because environmental variables like lighting and friction (摩擦) introduced unpredictability. Hardware durability further complicates application; saltwater exposure reduces marine exploration robots’ lifespan by 60% compared to lab models. Additionally, ethical concerns emerge as these systems gain autonomy — should a self-driving car prioritize passenger safety or pedestrian lives in unavoidable crashes? Despite these disadvantages, industries are embracing embodied intelligence. Medical robots now assist surgeons by providing tactile (触觉的) feedback during operations, while agricultural drones analyze soil quality through aerial imaging and physical sampling. As Dr. Cynthia Breazeal, a pioneer in social robotics, observes: “True intelligence isn’t just about dealing with numbers; it’s about understanding and navigating the messy reality we live in.” The future of AI may depend on bridging the gap between digital and physical gaps. Emerging technologies like neuromorphic computing, which imitates the brain’s neural structure, could enhance embodied systems’ real-time adaptability. For tasks demanding contextual awareness and adaptive problem-solving, embodied intelligence offers solutions that no screen can reproduce. 12. What can we know about embodied intelligence? A. Physical interaction enhances its cognitive efficiency. B. Screen-bound AI outperforms it in adaptability. C. It prioritizes algorithmic complexity. D. It processes data in isolation. 13. What challenge does the 2023 study in Nature Robotics highlight for embodied intelligence? A. Timely tactile feedback. B. Limited dataset accessibility. C. Unpredictable environmental factors. D. Too much reliance on virtual training. 14. Why is Cynthia Breazeal mentioned in the passage? A. To stress ethical concerns in AI. B. To demonstrate the popularity of robots. C. To clarify hardware durability challenges. D. To prove the feature of embodied intelligence. 15. What is the attitude of the author to embodied intelligence? A. Indifferent. B. Objective. C. Dismissive. D. Skeptical. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The final year of senior high school is a critical yet challenging period, marked by intense academic pressure and emotional stress. Balancing exam preparation and personal well-being requires strategic planning. Below are practical methods to help students manage stress and increase learning efficiency. Prioritize Time Management Creating a realistic timetable is foundational. Divide study sessions into 45-minute blocks with 10-minute breaks to prevent burnout. Use tools like planners or apps to track deadlines and arrange time for weak subjects. Avoid multitasking — focus on one task at a time to enhance memory. ____16____. Combine Physical and Mental Wellness Physical activity is proven to lower cortisol (皮质醇) levels. Daily exercise, such as walking, dancing, or cycling, can improve mood and sharpen focus. ____17____. Even 5 minutes of deep breathing before studying can calm nerves and improve cognitive performance. Build a Support Network Isolation will increase stress. Share academic challenges with peers, teachers, or family to gain perspective. Study groups encourage cooperative learning and reduce loneliness by sharing solutions to problems. Schools offer consulting services. ____18____. A strong support system provides emotional relief and practical advice, helping you handle difficulties effectively. Improve Study Techniques ____19____. Thus, adopt active learning methods: summarize notes aloud, use flashcards for memorization, or teach concepts to peers. For instance, the Pomodoro Technique (25 minutes of study+5-minute breaks) enhances concentration. Additionally, simulate exam conditions through timed practice tests to build confidence and identify gaps. In conclusion, while stress is unavoidable during senior high school, adopting these strategies above can help you manage it effectively. ____20____. Stay positive, and you will overcome any challenges! A. A structured routine reduces anxiety and promotes a sense of control B. Remember, being healthy is the key to academic success C. Pair this with mindfulness practices like deep breathing D. Therefore, you should be modest and hardworking E. Nothing is more significant than study F. Turn to professionals if overwhelmed G. Generally, passive strategies are ineffective 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I never knew a chance encounter was to change my career forever. One snowy December day, I wandered out of my New York apartment and ____21____ for a grocery store on Third Ave. Behind me someone shouted, “Where can I find peaches?” I turned around to ____22____an annoyed woman standing outside the greengrocer’s. The absurdity (荒谬) of the moment____23____ me — why must someone buy peaches in the middle of winter? I was already____24____of the issues facing the food system: industrialized farming destroying our soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens ____25____ in making the right buying decisions, and the ____26____ of ultra-processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets, schools and hospitals, to name a few. But this moment underscored our serious ____27____with nature and its seasons. We had ____28____ the idea that food could and should be eaten any time of the year. Too terrible! An inner voice whispered: “Do something to ____29____seasonal flavour into people’s lives.” After graduation, ____30____ by the skyscrapers (摩天大楼) and energy of the Big Apple, I landed a decent job with a____31____salary, managing financial investment for clients. Yet my work was stuck in an undercurrent of greed that I struggled to ____32____. Now it was time. I was ____33____my 40s. If I did not act now, it would be too late. An urgency____34____ and food became my “North Star”. That was the launcher that ____35____me from a New York skyscraper to a London food market. 21. A. spoke B. cheered C. worked D. headed 22. A. spot B. hit C. approach D. comfort 23. A. amused B. tricked C. struck D. hurt 24. A. afraid B. aware C. ashamed D. careful 25. A. impatient B. reasonable C. picky D. powerless 26. A. assessment B. prejudice C. dominance D. classification 27. A. dissatisfaction B. disconnect C. familiarity D. mixture 28. A. normalized B. finalized C. commercialized D. prioritized 29. A. program B. fold C. channel D. transform 30. A. greeted B. attracted C. surrounded D. refreshed 31. A. flexible B. basic C. handsome D. fair 32. A. escape B. maintain C. interpret D. reveal 33. A. averaging B. nearing C. braving D. battling 34 A. kicked in B. built up C. passed by D. caught on 35. A. witnessed B. accompanied C. saved D. shot 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 The Wandering Earth is China’s biggest sci-fi film to date. ____36____ (direct) by Fan Guo of My Old Classmate and starring Wu Jing of Wolf Warrior 1 and 2, The Wandering Earth was one of ____37____ most anticipated films of 2019. The film is based on a short story by Liu Cixin, ____38____ great work The Three Body Problem was ____39____ (original) supposed to receive the popularity. The film is set in a future Earth, whose inhabitants prepare to escape from the solar system as the sun expands into a red giant phase, ____40____ (threaten) to engulf (吞没) Earth in flames. As the expanding sun changes the climate of the Earth, the governments of the world unite ____41____ the guidance of the UN Security Council to build massive engines to push the planet out of the solar system and towards nearby Proxima Centauri. At the same time, the residents of Earth move to underground ____42____ (city) where some AI robots are going to ____43____ (test) out. However, just as the Earth begins on ____44____ (it) journey across the galaxy, it gets trapped in the gravity well of Jupiter — after which it’s up to Wu Jing’s character Liu Peiqiang, his father, his son, his adopted daughter, and a number of Chinese soldiers and scientists ____45____ (save) the world. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报Youth Voice栏目正在举办征文比赛。请你以“Winners never quit”为题写一篇英文短文参赛，内容包括： （1）对该格言的理解； （2）个人经历及感悟。 参考词汇：格言 motto 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Winners Never Quit _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was incredibly proud of my school, the Maplewood Elementary. It connected me to my roots, as my father and grandfather had all graduated from here. So, when our teacher Mr. Dow announced a group project to create a brochure (小册子) about our school for its 100th anniversary, I was thrilled. The best three brochures would be displayed in the school library, which was a chance to show the new students how wonderful our school was. I was paired with two classmates: Jake. who loved photography, and Lily who had a gift for writing. Working with others could be fun, right? But my enthusiasm quickly faded. Our first meeting was a disaster. When we discussed which part of the school we should focus on, Jake kept talking about cameras and photos. I turned to Lily, hoping for some support. But she simply shrugged and said, “I’m not really into this. It sounds boring.” Jake nodded in agreement. The project seemed to be harder than I thought. At our next meeting, I tried to lead the conversation back to the project. I shared some interesting facts I had researched about the school. However, neither of them seemed interested. Jake had promised to gather materials from the library, but instead he showed us photos taken on the weekend. Lily hadn’t started her part of the research either, claiming she had been too busy. I felt like I was the only one who cared. Back home, I decided to take matters into my own hands. I stayed up late that night, trying to create the brochure by myself. But no matter how hard I tried, the result was far from satisfactory. I was exhausted and disheartened. My mom noticed I was upset. “You can’t do this alone,” she gently reminded me. “Jake and Lily have talents that can make this project shine. You just need to find a way to get them involved.” 注意： 1.续写词数为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With only three days left, I knew I had to act. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the final day, we presented our brochure in class. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$