精品解析：广东省深圳市2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

2024~2025学年度高一下学期期中考试 英语 考生注意： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4.本卷命题范围：外研+人教版必修Book 2 Unit 3~ Book 3 Unit 1. 第一部分 单项选择（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. ______ by his teammates' support, the young athlete finally realized his goal. A. Having inspired B. Inspiring C. Inspired D. To inspire 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在队友们的鼓励下，这位年轻运动员终于实现了自己的目标。the young athlete与inspire为被动关系，用形容词化的过去分词作状语。故选C项。 2. The volunteer worked tirelessly ______ awareness of environmental protection. A. being raised B. having raised C. raised D. to raise 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位志愿者不知疲倦地工作，以提高环保意识。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式to raise。故选D。 3. The government has ______ new measures to address the rising issue of homelessness. A. increased B. introduced C. affected D. afforded 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府已经采取了新措施来解决日益严重的无家可归问题。A. increased增加；B. introduced引入；实施；C. affected影响；D. afforded负担得起。根据下文的“ to address the rising issue of homelessness.”可知，为了解决无家可归的问题，政府应该是“引入，实施”新政策或措施，符合语境。故选B项。 4. The scientists are going to ______ the remote mountain area for new species of plants. A. explore B. gather C. attack D. imagine 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们将在偏远山区探索新的植物物种。A. explore探索；B. gather收集；C. attack攻击；D. imagine想象。根据“for new species of plants.”可知，科学家探索偏远山区以寻找新植物物种。故选A。 5. The company plans to expand its business ______ by establishing partnerships in Europe and Asia. A. illegally B. actually C. forever D. further 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：该公司计划通过在欧洲和亚洲建立合作伙伴关系来进一步扩大业务。A. illegally非法地；B. actually实际上；C. forever永远；D. further进一步地。根据“by establishing partnerships in Europe and Asia.”可知，通过在欧洲和亚洲建立合作伙伴关系，公司进一步扩大业务。故选D。 6. The teacher gave a clear ______ of the new topic, making it easy for students to understand. A. explanation B. suggestion C. imagination D. arrangement 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师对新题目作了清楚的解释，使学生容易理解。A. explanation解释；B. suggestion建议；C. imagination想象；D. arrangement安排。根据“making it easy for students to understand.”可知，老师清晰的解释让学生容易理解。故选A。 7. He was ______ about the exam, even though he had studied well. A. busy B. excited C. anxious D. happy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他学习很好，但他还是对考试感到焦虑。A. busy忙碌的；B. excited兴奋的；C. anxious焦虑的，担忧的；D. happy高兴的。根据“even though he had studied well.”可知，他虽然学习好，但对考试还是感到焦虑。故选C。 8. The tourist guidebook ______ useful tips about budget travel is available at the information desk. A. contained B. containing C. to contain D. being contained 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在问讯处可以拿到那本包含经济型旅行实用小贴士的旅游指南。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，The tourist guidebook和contain为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故选B。 9. After the long hike, they felt a great sense of ______ when they finally reached the top of the hill. A. achievement B. disappointment C. failure D. confusion 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的徒步旅行，当他们终于到达山顶时，他们感到很有成就感。A. achievement成就；B. disappointment失望；C. failure失败；D. confusion困惑。根据“when they finally reached the top of the hill”可知，到达山顶应是感到很有成就感。故选A。 10. Not until the rescue team arrived ______ how much damage the flood caused. A. they realized B. they had realized C. had they realized D. did they realize 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：直到救援队到达，他们才意识到洪水造成了多大的破坏。Not until 位于句首时，主句需用部分倒装，需将助动词置于主语之前，结合“arrived”可知，助动词使用did。故选D。 11. She felt really ______ after finishing the difficult project on time. A. confused B. proud C. guilty D. familiar 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她按时完成了那个困难项目，感到非常自豪。A. confused困惑的；糊涂的；B. proud骄傲的；自豪的；C. guilty愧疚的；D. familiar熟悉的。由句意及空后的after finishing the difficult project on time可知在按时完成困难的项目之后她一定会感到非常自豪，故选B项。 12. There was a big ______ in the classroom when the teacher announced the surprise test. A. reaction B. presentation C. competition D. collection 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师宣布要进行突击考试时，教室里一片哗然。A. reaction反应；B. presentation展示；C. competition竞争；D. collection收集。根据后文“when the teacher announced the surprise test”可知，老师宣布要进行突击考试，这会引起学生们的“反应”，应用reaction。故选A。 13. The Dragon Boat Festival, ______ features dragon boat races, is celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan. A. where B. when C. which D. who 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：端午节以龙舟赛为特色，是为纪念屈原而庆祝的。 features dragon boat races是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Dragon Boat Festival。从句中缺少主语，且先行词为“节日”(事物)，需用关系代词which引导从句。故选C项。 14. So far this semester, Sarah ______ her public speaking skills significantly by practicing daily in front of a mirror to take part in the school debate competition next month. A. improved B. had improved C. has improved D. is improving 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止这个学期，萨拉通过每天在镜子前练习，为参加下个月的学校辩论比赛，已经显著提高了她的公众演讲技巧。根据时间状语“so far”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为Sarah，助动词用has。故选C。 15. Her kind words gave me a lot of ______ when I was feeling down. A. comfort B. danger C. pressure D. honour 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我情绪低落时，她体贴的话语给了我很多安慰。A. comfort安慰；B. danger危险；C. pressure压力；D. honour荣誉。由语意可知，在我情绪失落的时候，她跟我说了一些体贴的话语，给了我一些安慰。故选A项。 16. The flight was delayed for three hours. ______, we received no apology from the airline. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：航班延误了三个小时。然而，我们没有收到航空公司的任何道歉。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。前半句“航班延误三小时”与后半句“未收到道歉”之间存在语义转折，需用however表示转折关系。故选C。 17. The “Zero Waste” campaign encourages people to ______ single-use plastics in daily life. A. express B. quit C. describe D. consider 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“零浪费”运动鼓励人们在日常生活中停止使用一次性塑料制品。A. express表达；B. quit停止，放弃；C. describe描述；D. consider考虑。根据“The“Zero Waste” campaign”以及常识可知，此处表示停止使用一次性塑料制品。故选B。 18. ______ technology makes communication faster and easier, people can stay connected with loved ones from afar. A. Until B. Unless C. Although D. Since 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：由于科技使交流变得更快、更容易，人们可以与远方的亲人保持联系。A. Until直到；B. Unless除非；C. Although尽管；虽然；D. Since因为；自从。由句意及空后的technology makes communication faster and easier, people can stay connected with loved ones from afar可知人们可以与远方的亲人保持联系的原因是因为科技使交流变得更快、更容易了，此处为原因状语从句，应用引导词since，故选D项。 19. The ancient tradition of storytelling ______ in many cultures, preserving history through generations. A. helps out B. holds on C. dies out D. lives on 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：讲故事的古老传统在许多文化中得以延续，通过代代相传来保存历史。A. helps out帮助解决问题；B. holds on继续，坚持（强调不放弃，不松手）；C. dies out灭绝，消失；D. lives on继续存在，延续。根据后文“preserving history through generations”可知，此处表示讲故事的古老传统在许多文化中得以延续，应用lives on。故选D。 20. She received a lot of ______ from her friends when she started her new job. A. tension B. support C. gratitude D. confusion 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她开始新工作时，她得到了朋友们的大力支持。A. tension紧张；B. support支持；C. gratitude感激；D. confusion混乱。根据后文“when she started her new job”可知，开始新工作，应是得到支持。故选B项。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Futurescape: Where AI Meets Space & Sustainability ●Robots of the Future(First Floor): Engage with advanced AI robots through dynamic demonstrations and hands-on programming activities. Experience real-time machine learning interactions and humanoid robot communication in this continuously updated exhibition. ● Space Exploration(Second Floor): Journey through space history with authentic (真实的) NASA historical objects, including rare moon rock samples collected during the Apollo missions. This popular exhibition operates only on weekends due to the delicate nature of its lunar samples. ●Eco-Planet(Third Floor): Fight climate change through immersive VR games that recreate renewable energy projects. Design wind farms, restore coral reefs, or balance urban ecosystems in our award-winning interactive stations. Admission & Discounts: ●Adults:￥60 | Students(with ID):￥30 ●Group rates: 10% discount for groups of 10+ visitors ●Free entry for children under 6 and seniors over 70 Special Events: Solar Car Workshop(Ages 12+): Build functional solar-powered vehicles using recycled materials at this free workshop. Limited to 30 participants. Date: Saturday, April 20(2:00-4:00 PM) Registration: Required by April 18 at the front desk Visitor Guidelines: ●No food/ drinks in exhibition zones ●Photography permitted(turn off flash to protect exhibits) ●Stroller (婴儿车) parking available near elevators Plan Your Visit: Open Tuesday-Sunday(9 AM-5 PM). Allow 2-3 hours for full experience. Download our app for augmented (增强) reality exhibit guides! 21. What do all three exhibition floors have in common? A. Display historical objects. B. Showcase future technology. C. Focus on young children. D. Offer interactive experiences. 22. How much would a group of 15 students pay in total? A. ¥405. B. ￥300. C. ¥450. D. ¥495. 23. What activity requires advance registration? A. VR games. B. Robot interaction. C. Solar car workshop. D. Photography. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“Futurescape: Where AI Meets Space & Sustainability”的展览或活动场所，包括其展览内容、参观指南以及开放时间等。旨在向潜在参观者提供关于该场所的详细信息，以吸引他们前来参观或参与活动。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Robots of the Future(First Floor)”中的“Engage with advanced AI robots through dynamic demonstrations and hands-on programming activities. Experience real-time machine learning interactions and humanoid robot communication in this continuously updated exhibition.(通过动态演示和动手编程活动接触先进的人工智能机器人。在这个不断更新的展览中，体验实时机器学习互动和人形机器人通信)”、“Space Exploration(Second Floor)”部分中的“Journey through space history with authentic(真实的)NASA historical objects, including rare moon rock samples collected during the Apollo missions. This popular exhibition operates only on weekends due to the delicate nature of its lunar samples.(借助美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的真实历史文物追溯太空历史，包括阿波罗任务期间采集的稀有月球岩石样本。由于月球样本的敏感性，这个热门展览仅在周末开放)”以及“Eco-Planet(Third Floor)”部分中的“Fight climate change through immersive VR games that recreate renewable energy projects. Design wind farms, restore coral reefs, or balance urban ecosystems in our award-winning interactive stations.(通过沉浸式虚拟现实（VR）游戏参与应对气候变化，体验可再生能源项目的重建过程。在我们屡获殊荣的互动站中设计风力发电场、修复珊瑚礁或平衡城市生态系统)”可知，这三个展览都提供互动体验：一楼编程活动、二楼观看真实展品、三楼VR游戏。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Admission & Discounts”部分中的“Adults:￥60 | Students(with ID):￥30(成人：60 元|学生（凭学生证）：30元)”和“Group rates: 10% discount for groups of 10+ visitors(团体票：10人以上团体可享10%折扣)”可知，学生单人票价为30元，15人团体符合“10 人以上”条件，可享10%折扣。因此价格为：15*30*90%=405元。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Special Events”部分中的“Solar Car Workshop(Ages 12+): Registration: Required by April 18 at the front desk(太阳能汽车工作坊（12 岁以上）：报名：需在4月18日前到前台登记)”可知，太阳能汽车工作坊需要提前登记。故选C。 B Seventeen-year-old Mei missed her grandmother's lively countryside garden after moving to a gray city apartment. The busy streets and crowded elevators made her feel lonely. One rainy afternoon, she found a rooftop covered with trash and broken tiles (瓦片). Remembering a lesson about how plants could improve cities, Mei dug into her pocket and found a dry sunflower seed from her old home. With trembling hands, she planted it in a broken flowerpot, determined to bring life to the empty space. Classmates laughed at Mei's idea, saying plants couldn't grow in the polluted air. She didn't listen, collecting old buckets and plastic bottles to use as planters. Every weekend, she carried heavy soil from nearby building sites until her shoulders ached. But her first plants turned yellow in the rain, and strong winds blew away her pots. Just as Mei felt hopeless, Ms. Chen, an experienced gardener living downstairs, noticed her struggles. She brought Mei bamboo sticks and taught her to grow plants upward on metal pipes, where the air was cleaner. Together, they built tall bamboo supports for climbing vegetables. Slowly, green leaves appeared: sunflowers grew taller than Mei, herbs filled tin cans with fresh smells, and red tomatoes brightened the gray rooftop. Neighbors began visiting teenagers helped mix leftover food into plant soil, while children painted smiling faces on old bottles. During a powerful typhoon that flooded the streets, the garden's bamboo pipes directed the rainwater away, protecting their building from damage. People who once doubted Mei now watered the plants daily. At the autumn festival, the rooftop was full of color. Mei gave out basil plants (罗勒植物) in reused yogurt cups, explaining how the garden connected everyone. Ms. Chen smiled as families shared stories, their clothes dirty from soil and paint. The rooftop, once silent, now buzzed with bees and children's laughter. Against the cold city buildings, golden sunflowers stood like brave soldiers, proving that even in the hardest places, life — and hope — could grow. 24. What directly inspired Mei to start her rooftop project? A. A lesson on urban green spaces. B. Support from her friends. C. Advice from a plant expert. D. Encouragement from neighbors. 25. Which of the following best describes Mei's project in paragraph 2? A. Interesting and simple. B. Costly and demanding. C. Challenging and creative. D. Ineffective and progressing. 26. What role did the rooftop garden play during the typhoon? A. Food supply for residents. B. Building structure support. C. Safe place for animals. D. Flood damage prevention. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Pollution Crisis: Urban Challenges. B. Green Revival: Healing Broken Spaces. C. Elder Wisdom: Agricultural Revival. D. Storm Defense: Engineering Success. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 17 岁的 Mei 搬到城市公寓后，因怀念祖母的乡村花园，受关于植物可改善城市的课程启发，在满是垃圾的屋顶开启种植项目。过程中虽遭遇诸多困难，但在邻居帮助下获得成功，花园不仅美化屋顶，还在台风时保护建筑，更凝聚了邻里关系。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“One rainy afternoon, she found a rooftop covered with trash and broken tiles(瓦片).Remembering a lesson about how plants could improve cities, Mei dug into her pocket and found a dry sunflower seed from her old home. With trembling hands, she planted it in a broken flowerpot, determined to bring life to the empty space.(一个下雨的下午，她发现屋顶上满是垃圾和碎瓦。想起一堂关于植物如何改善城市的课，Mei 把手伸进口袋，找到了一颗从老家带来的干向日葵种子。她颤抖着双手，把它种在一个破花盆里，决心给这个空荡荡的地方带来生机)” 可知，直接激励Mei开始屋顶项目的是一堂关于城市绿地的课。故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段 “She didn't listen, collecting old buckets and plastic bottles to use as planters. Every weekend, she carried heavy soil from nearby building sites until her shoulders ached. But her first plants turned yellow in the rain, and strong winds blew away her pots. Just as Mei felt hopeless. Ms. Chen, an experienced gardener living downstairs, noticed her struggles. She brought Mei bamboo sticks and taught her to grow plants upward on metal pipes, where the air was cleaner.(她不听，收集旧水桶和塑料瓶作为花盆。每个周末，她都会从附近的建筑工地搬运沉重的泥土，直到肩膀酸痛。但是她种的第一批植物在雨中变黄了，强风吹走了她的花盆。就像梅感到绝望一样。住在楼下的陈女士是一位经验丰富的园丁，她注意到了她的挣扎。她给梅带来了竹竿，教她在金属管道上种植植物，那里的空气更干净。)” 可知, Mei的项目既充满挑战又富有创造性。故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 “During a powerful typhoon that flooded the streets, the garden's bamboo pipes directed the rainwater away, protecting their building from damage.(在一场淹没街道的强台风期间，花园的竹管将雨水引走，保护他们的建筑物免受损坏)” 可知，屋顶花园在台风期间起到了预防洪水破坏的作用。故选D。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段 “One rainy afternoon, she found a rooftop covered with trash and broken tiles(瓦片).Remembering a lesson about how plants could improve cities, Mei dug into her pocket and found a dry sunflower seed from her old home. With trembling hands, she planted it in a broken flowerpot, determined to bring life to the empty space.(一个下雨的下午，她发现屋顶上满是垃圾和碎瓦。想起一堂关于植物如何改善城市的课，Mei 把手伸进口袋，找到了一颗从老家带来的干向日葵种子。她颤抖着双手，把它种在一个破花盆里，决心给这个空荡荡的地方带来生机)”可知，文章围绕 Mei 在城市屋顶开展种植项目，使原本破败的屋顶空间重焕生机，不仅让植物生长，还让邻里关系更加紧密，实现了绿色复苏，治愈了破碎空间。选项 B“绿色复苏：治愈破碎空间”为最佳标题。故选B。 C Marine scientists have built a robot fish named Bionic Swimmer to save struggling coral(珊瑚)areas. Weighing just 1. 2k g—about as heavy as a thick dictionary—this robot fish moves like a real fish with its soft rubber-like material fins that wave gently. Designed as a hidden observer of the sea, it navigates through coral gardens without frightening marine life. It takes clear pictures of corals that are losing color and checks the water’s temperature and acidity(酸度). Unlike noisy underwater machines that scare sea animals away, Bionic Swimmer fits perfectly with underwater habitats. This robot fish can work nonstop for 12 hours and map fading coral areas 20% faster than human divers. Unlike traditional underwater machines that scare sea life with loud noises it uses a flexible, fish-like tail to move quietly. During a 2023 mission on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, it checked risky areas 35% faster by using tiny sensors to check water changes in real time. However, when diving deeper than 50 meters, 40% of its data disappears because water pressure weakens signals—like a text message that doesn’t get delivered. This shows the challenges of exploring the deep sea. To fix this, MIT scientists added light-up to its “skin,” inspired by bioluminescent anglerfish that “talk” with self-made light in dark water. These spots blink like a code to send data upwards. Tests in complete darkness under high pressure showed that this “light language” works 85% of the time. “Deep-sea creatures gave us this smart method,” says project leader Dr. Elena Torres, “especially how bioluminescent animals learned to communicate in darkness.” By 2025, upgraded Bionic Swimmers will use long-distance laser(激光)technology to send real-time warnings from the deepest parts of the ocean. These robotic protectors can keep watch on coral areas all the time, noticing dangerous temperature increases from farther away than current systems. Imagine bright robot fish swimming through a coral area—their new tools sending signals across wide underwater spaces to keep sea life safe! 28. What is the main task of Bionic Swimmer? A. Exploring deep-sea volcanoes. B. Testing ocean material resistance. C. Monitoring coral health secretly. D. Replacing underwater photographers. 29. How does Bionic Swimmer differ from older equipment? A. Diving beyond 100 meters. B. Using solar energy. C. Managing extreme pressure. D. Silent fish-like movement. 30. What does “bioluminescent” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Surviving without oxygen. B. Sensing temperature shifts. C. Producing natural light. D. Hiding from hunters. 31. What is expected to improve performance? A. Expanding signal range. B. Increasing swimming speed. C. Attracting sea creatures. D. Cutting production costs. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋科学家研发的一款名为Bionic Swimmer的机器人鱼，详细描述了它的设计、功能、工作原理、优势以及面临的挑战和解决方案。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Designed as a hidden observer of the sea, it navigates through coral gardens without frightening marine life. It takes clear pictures of corals that are losing color and checks the water's temperature and acidity(酸度).(作为海洋的“隐形观察者”，它能在珊瑚礁群中穿行而不惊吓海洋生物，可拍摄正在褪色的珊瑚的清晰照片，并监测海水的温度和酸度)”可知，仿生游泳者的主要任务是秘密监测珊瑚健康状况。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Unlike traditional underwater machines that scare sea life with loud noises, it uses a flexible, fish-like tail to move quietly.(它采用灵活的鱼形尾鳍安静游动，不像传统水下机器会因噪音惊扰海洋生物)”可知，仿生游泳者与旧设备的区别在于其像鱼一样的静音移动方式。故选D。 【30题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“To fix this, MIT scientists added light-up to its “skin,” inspired by bioluminescent anglerfish that “talk” with self-made light in dark water.(为解决这一问题，麻省理工学院的科学家受bioluminescent鮟鱇鱼的启发，在机器鱼的“皮肤”上添加了发光点——这类深海鱼类能利用自身产生的光在黑暗的海水中“交流”)”可知，“bioluminescent”指这类鮟鱇鱼能在黑暗的水中用“自身产生的光”交流，因此其含义为“产生自然光”。选项C“Producing natural light(产生自然光)”与此相符。故选C。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“By 2025, upgraded Bionic Swimmers will use long-distance laser (激光) technology to send real-time warnings from the deepest parts of the ocean.(到2025年，升级后的“仿生游泳者”将利用长距离激光技术，从海洋最深处发送实时警报)”可知，未来升级的仿生游泳者将通过长距离激光技术从海洋最深处发送实时警报，解决深海信号传输问题，预期通过扩大信号范围提升性能。故选A。 D School dining halls discovered a surprising fact: When students face 6 jam choices, they buy 10 times more than when offered 24 options. This “choice overload,” studied by psychologist Barry Schwartz, now affects teenagers everywhere. From picking school courses to choosing drink flavors, endless options leave teens stressed instead of excited. Schwartz’s research highlights a paradox (矛盾): while freedom of choice seems desirable, too many options often lead to anxiety and indecision, making it harder to take action. Brain science shows why this happens. Too many choices activate the brain’s fear center, triggering feelings of uncertainty, and tire the decision-making area, which handles logical judgments. For example, a 10th grader from a coastal city admits spending 40 minutes daily surfing a video app. “I can’t stop searching for the perfect short video,” he says. This illustrates “decision fatigue (疲劳)”—a mental exhaustion caused by constant small choices. Over time, this takes energy needed for critical tasks like homework or planning future goals. Philosopher Hannah Arendt’s idea about “small evils” from thoughtless actions finds new meaning today. She argued that repetitive, unthinking behaviors could lead to harmful consequences. Modern life mirrors this: endless trivial(琐碎的)decisions—like picking snacks or adjusting photo filters—dull our ability to make meaningful choices. Automatic scrolling replaces deep thinking, much like blindly following orders once normalized harmful historical acts. Arendt’s warning urges us to reflect: Are we losing the capacity to focus on what truly matters? Schools are fighting back. A high school in eastern China reduced elective course dropouts by 55% using “decision cleanliness”—a method offering only 3 options per subject. This approach simplifies choices, allowing students to focus on quality over quantity. As one headmaster explains, “Limiting options reduces stress and helps students commit to their decisions.” Other strategies include simplifying cafeteria menus and setting screen-free time blocks. These practices enable teens to regain mental energy, proving that sometimes, less truly is more. 32. What can be inferred from the school dining hall experiment? A. More choices drive sales. B. Fewer options aid decisions. C. Foreign foods tempt youth. D. Adults decide more quickly. 33. Which term best describes the student’s 40-minute surfing habit? A. Efficient task-switching. B. Schoolwork stress relief. C. Creative content browsing. D. Decision-making fatigue. 34. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Hannah Arendt in paragraph 3? A. Mindless acts cause harm. B. Choices shape actions. C. Habits weaken thinking. D. Reflection prevents mistakes. 35. What solution worked in the eastern China high school? A. Banning smartphone usage. B. Offering limited options. C. Extending decision time. D. Increasing teacher guidance. 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“选择过载”这一现象展开，阐述了这一现象对青少年的影响，产生这一现象的原因以及应对这一现象的策略。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“School dining halls discovered a surprising fact: When students face 6 jam choices, they buy 10 times more than when offered 24 options.(学校食堂发现了一个惊人的事实：当学生面对6种果酱选择时，他们的购买量是提供24种选择时的10倍)”以及“Schwartz’s research highlights a paradox(矛盾): while freedom of choice seems desirable, too many options often lead to anxiety and indecision, making it harder to take action.(Schwartz的研究揭示了一个矛盾：尽管选择的自由看似令人向往，但过多的选项往往会导致焦虑和优柔寡断，使人更难采取行动)”可知，更少的选项反而促进了购买行为，说明选择过载会抑制决策，而精简选项有助于人们更快做出决定。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For example, a 10th grader from a coastal city admits spending 40 minutes daily surfing a video app. “I can’t stop searching for the perfect short video,” he says. This illustrates “decision fatigue(疲劳)”—a mental exhaustion caused by constant small choices. Over time, this takes energy needed for critical tasks like homework or planning future goals.(例如，一名来自沿海城市的十年级学生承认，自己每天花40分钟刷视频应用。“我忍不住一直在寻找完美的短视频，”他说。这说明了“决策疲劳”——一种由持续的小选择引起的精神疲惫。久而久之，这种疲劳会消耗完成作业或规划未来目标等重要任务所需的精力)”可知，学生因为不断寻找完美短视频这一持续的小选择导致精神疲惫，对应决策疲劳。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Philosopher Hannah Arendt’s idea about “small evils” from thoughtless actions finds new meaning today. She argued that repetitive, unthinking behaviors could lead to harmful consequences. Modern life mirrors this: endless trivial (琐碎的) decisions—like picking snacks or adjusting photo filters—dull our ability to make meaningful choices. Automatic scrolling replaces deep thinking, much like blindly following orders once normalized harmful historical acts. Arendt’s warning urges us to reflect: Are we losing the capacity to focus on what truly matters?( Hannah Arendt关于“不假思索的行为产生小恶”的观点在今天有了新的意义。她认为，重复性的、缺乏思考的行为可能导致有害后果。现代生活印证了这一点：选择零食或调整照片滤镜等无尽的琐碎决定，削弱了我们做出有意义选择的能力。无意识的滑动屏幕取代了深度思考，就像盲目服从命令曾让历史上的有害行为常态化一样。Arendt的警告敦促我们反思：我们是否正在失去关注真正重要事物的能力？)”可知，第三段提到Arendt的“小恶”观点，指出“重复性、缺乏思考的行为（如无休止的琐碎决策）会导致有害后果”，并以“无意识滑动屏幕”为例说明其削弱深度思考能力。作者引用Arendt的目的是强调不假思索的行为可能带来负面影响。故选A。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Schools are fighting back. A high school in eastern China reduced elective course dropouts by 55% using “decision cleanliness”—a method offering only 3 options per subject. This approach simplifies choices, allowing students to focus on quality over quantity.(学校正在采取应对措施。中国东部一所高中通过“决策精简”（每门学科仅提供3种选项）将选修课退课率降低了55%。这种方法简化了选择，让学生专注于质量而非数量)”可知，该校通过“每门学科仅提供3种选项”的方式减少了退课率，核心措施是限制选项数量。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Smart learning isn’t just about study hours — it’s about study skills. To remember more, try these science-backed methods. Short, spaced study sessions are more effective. For example, studying 30 minutes daily for a week beats 5 hours the night before a test. ___36___ Active recall is better than passive reading. Instead of rereading notes, test yourself. ___37___ This forces your brain to access knowledge, strengthening memory and improving retention. ___38___ Mixing subjects in one session (math, history, science) helps you spot connections. For instance, linking historical events to scientific discoveries deepens understanding. It also prevents boredom and keeps your mind engaged, making study sessions more efficient. Metacognition means checking how well you know something. ___39___ Ask: “What don’t I understand?” Use tools like mind maps to visualize (可视化) knowledge gaps. This self-awareness helps you focus on weak areas and adjust your study plan accordingly. Finally, rest and exercise matter. Sleep helps your brain save memories. ___40___ A 10-minute walk increases blood flow to the brain, keeping you awake. Even light stretching can improve concentration during study sessions. Aim for 30 minutes of exercise daily to improve overall brain function. A. Combine different subjects during study time. B. Study in a quiet environment for better focus. C. Reflect on your understanding and find gaps. D. Physical activity and rest improve mental focus. E. Write down what you remember or use flashcards. F. This “spacing effect” strengthens long-term memory. G. Some learning methods are more effective than others. 【答案】36. F 37. E 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些有科学依据的、有效的学习方法。 【36题详解】 上文“For example, studying 30 minutes daily for a week beats 5 hours the night before a test.(例如，连续一周每天学习30分钟胜过考试前一晚学习5个小时)”举例说明一种有效的学习方法，F项“这种‘间隔效应’加强了长期记忆”说明这种方法的作用，符合语境，故选F。 【37题详解】 上文“Active recall is better than passive reading. Instead of rereading notes, test yourself.(主动回忆比被动阅读好。与其重读笔记，不如测试自己)”强调“主动回忆”，E项“写下你所记得的或使用抽认卡”是主动回忆的具体实践方法，与后文“This forces your brain to access knowledge, strengthening memory and improving retention.(这会迫使你的大脑获取知识，加强记忆，提高记忆力)”中“forces your brain to access knowledge”完全匹配，故选E。 【38题详解】 根据下文“Mixing subjects in one session（math, history, science）helps you spot connections.(把不同的科目混合在一起（数学、历史、科学）可以帮助你找到联系)”可知，段落核心是“把不同的科目混合在一起”，A项“在学习期间结合不同的科目”直接概括这一主题，故选A。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Metacognition means checking how well you know something.(元认知意味着检查你对某事的了解程度)”可知，段落围绕“元认知”展开，结合下文“Ask: “What don’t I understand?” Use tools like mind maps to visualize (可视化) knowledge gaps. This self-awareness helps you focus on weak areas and adjust your study plan accordingly..(问：“我有什么不明白的？”使用思维导图之类的工具来可视化知识差距。这种自我意识可以帮助你专注于薄弱的领域，并相应地调整你的学习计划)”可知，此处强调反思理解和发现知识漏洞，C项“反思你的理解，找出差距”符合语境，故选C。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Finally, rest and exercise matter. Sleep helps your brain save memories.(最后，休息和锻炼很重要。睡眠有助于大脑保存记忆)”可知，段落主题是休息和运动对大脑的重要性，D项“体育活动和休息可以提高注意力”既涵盖“sleep”又包含“exercise”，和下文“A 10-minute walk increases blood flow to the brain, keeping you awake. Even light stretching can improve concentration during study sessions.(10分钟的散步可以增加大脑的血流量，让你保持清醒。即使是轻微的拉伸也能提高学习期间的注意力)” 提到的“提高注意力”呼应，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A decade ago, I began an investigation into the secrets of luck. I wanted to know why some people were ___41___ in the right place at the right time, while others always experienced misfortune. I ___42___ notices in newspapers asking those who felt lucky or unlucky to contact me. Hundreds volunteered for my ___43___. Over the years, I interviewed them and had them ___44___ various experiments. I conducted a simple ___45___ to determine if differences in luck were due to differences in their ability to ___46___ opportunities. I gave both groups a newspaper and asked them to count the photographs. I had ___47___ placed a bold (加粗) message midway saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and win $50.” This ___48___ occupied half the page, written in over two-inch type. It stared everyone in the face, yet the unlucky tended to ___49___ it while the lucky spotted it. Unlucky people are generally more ____50____, and this anxiety weakens their ability to notice the ____51____. As a result, they miss opportunities by over-focusing on specific goals. They attend events just for finding a partner, missing chances to make friends. They look through newspapers ____52____ to find certain types of job, missing other types of jobs. Lucky people are more relaxed and open, seeing what is there ____53____ exactly what they need. My research suggested that lucky people create good fortune via four ____54____. They are good at recognizing chance opportunities, making intuitive (直觉) decisions, forming self-fulfilling prophecies (预言) with positive expectations, and adopting an attitude that ____55____ bad luck into good. 41. A. never B. always C. sometimes D. seldom 42. A. posted B. edited C. created D. read 43. A. game B. adventure C. research D. contest 44. A. participate in B. call off C. look into D. carry out 45. A. observation B. experiment C. competition D. discussion 46. A. share B. predict C. decline D. identify 47. A. hesitantly B. carelessly C. secretly D. excitedly 48. A. copy B. message C. diagram D. introduction 49. A. miss B. pass C. revise D. misunderstand 50. A. nervous B. careless C. awkward D. pitiful 51. A. unaffected B. unexplained C. unchanged D. unexpected 52. A. confident B. disappointed C. determined D. surprised 53. A. as to B. but for C. regardless of D. rather than 54. A. goals B. preferences C. principles D. beliefs 55. A. throws B. transforms C. takes D. forces 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文通过一项关于“运气”的研究，揭示了幸运者与不幸者的行为差异：不幸者因焦虑而过度专注特定目标，错过意外机会；幸运者则更放松开放，能识别机会、凭直觉决策，并通过积极心态将厄运转化为好运。研究总结出幸运者创造好运的四个原则，强调心态和行为模式对“运气”的影响。 【41题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想知道为什么有些人总是在正确的时间出现在正确的地方，而另一些人却总是遭遇不幸。A. never从不；B. always总是；C. sometimes有时；D. seldom很少。根据下文“while others always experienced misfortune.”可知，通过while形成对比逻辑，“others always”提示上文应与“always”对应，强调幸运者总是处于正确的时间和地点。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在报纸上刊登启事，邀请那些自认为幸运或不幸的人联系我。A. posted发布；B. edited编辑；C. created创造；D. read阅读。根据下文“notices in newspapers asking those who felt lucky or unlucky to contact me”可知，作者在报纸上发布通知征集参与者。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：数百人自愿参与我的研究。A. game游戏；B. adventure冒险；C. research研究；D. contest比赛。首段首句“I began an investigation into the secrets of luck”明确主题为“调查幸运的秘密”，因此志愿者参与的是研究。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，我采访了他们，并让他们参与了各种实验。A. participate in参加；B. call off取消；C. look into调查；D. carry out执行。根据“various experiments”可知，作者让他们参与了各种实验。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进行了一项简单的实验，以确定运气的差异是否源于人们识别机会的能力不同。A. observation观察；B. experiment实验；C. competition竞争；D. discussion讨论。根据下文“I gave both groups a newspaper and asked them to count the photographs.”可知，下文详细描述了“给两组人报纸数照片”的过程，属于具体的实验设计。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我进行了一项简单的实验，以确定运气的差异是否源于人们识别机会的能力不同。A. share分享；B. predict预测；C. decline下降；D. identify识别。根据下文“It stared everyone in the face, yet the unlucky tended to ___9___ it while the lucky spotted it.”可知，幸运者发现了明显的获奖信息，而不幸者错过，说明关键能力是识别机会。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我偷偷地在报纸中间位置用加粗字体写了一条信息：“告诉实验人员你看到了这条信息，就能赢得50美元。”A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. secretly秘密地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据下文“midway”和“stared everyone in the face”可知，研究者秘密地放置信息，以测试参与者否主动注意到意外线索。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条信息占据了一半的版面，用两英寸多高的字体写着。A. copy副本；B. message信息；C. diagram图表；D. introduction介绍。根据上文“I had ___7___ placed a bold (加粗) message midway saying”可知，此处是信息词message的词汇复现。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它直视着每个人的脸，但不幸的人往往会错过它，而幸运的人却发现了它。A. miss错过；B. pass通过；C. revise修改；D. misunderstand误解。根据“while the lucky spotted it”可知，while表对比，“spotted”（发现）的反义词为“错过（miss）”。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的人通常更紧张，这种焦虑削弱了他们注意意外事物的能力。A. nervous紧张的；B. careless粗心的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. pitiful可怜的。根据下文“and this anxiety weakens their ability to notice the ___11___.”可知，不幸的人通常更紧张。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的人通常更紧张，这种焦虑削弱了他们注意意外事物的能力。A. unaffected未受影响的；B. unexplained未解释的；C. unchanged未改变的；D. unexpected意外的。实验中的获奖信息属于“意外的（unexpected）”机会，不幸者因过度专注目标而忽略意外线索。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们翻阅报纸，决心找到某种类型的工作，却错过了其他类型的工作。A. confident自信的；B. disappointed失望的；C. determined坚定的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“by over-focusing on specific goals.”可知，不幸者专注于特定目标，因此他们决心找到某种类型的工作。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：幸运的人则更放松、更开放，他们会关注眼前的一切，而不仅仅是自己需要的东西。A. as to至于；B. but for要不是；C. regardless of不管；D. rather than而不是。根据上文“Lucky people are more relaxed and open,”可知，这样的性格特质决定了幸运的人看到的是存在的东西，而不仅仅是他们需要的东西。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的研究表明，幸运的人通过四个原则创造好运。A. goals目标；B. preferences偏好；C. principles原则；D. beliefs信仰。根据下文“They are good at recognizing chance opportunities, making intuitive (直觉) decisions, forming self-fulfilling prophecies (预言) with positive expectations, and adopting an attitude that ___15___ bad luck into good.”可知，下文列举的四点（识别机会、直觉决策等）属于幸运者遵循的原则。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们善于识别偶然机会，能凭直觉做出决策，用积极的期望形成自我实现的预言，并拥有将厄运转化为好运的心态。A. throws扔；B. transforms转变；C. takes拿；D. forces强迫。根据“bad luck into good”可知，此处表示把厄运变成好运，应用transforms。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Keeping a healthy weight isn’t about extreme diets but requires ___56___ (organize) strategies. Research shows that people tracking (跟踪)both nutrition and exercise have a 50% ___57___ (high) chance of achieving long-term success than those focusing only on calorie counting. The process begins with ___58___ (set) realistic goals. ___59___ is recommended that they create weekly meal plans rich in fiber instead of aiming for rapid weight loss. ___60___ (interesting) , drinking water before meals, though a simple habit, can reduce overeating by 30%. It is ___61___ role of physical activity that equally matters. Studies confirm that combining aerobic (有氧的) exercises ___62___ strength training improves metabolism (新陈代谢) more effectively. A little each day is better than a lot once — 20-minute daily walks ___63___ (prove) beneficial since their introduction. Psychological factors cannot ___64___ (avoid). Keeping a journal to record emotions linked to eating helps identify unhealthy patterns. Remember: sustainable weight management isn't a destination _____65_____ a continuous journey of self-care. 【答案】56 organized 57. higher 58. setting 59. It 60. Interestingly 61. the 62. with##and 63. have proved##have proven 64. be avoided 65. but 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述保持健康体重需要有条理的策略。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：保持健康的体重并非意味着极端节食，而是需要有条理的策略。此处用形容词 organized 修饰名词 strategies，表示“有条理的”。故填 organized。 【57题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：研究表明，同时关注营养和锻炼的人比那些关注计算卡路里的人，实现长期成功的几率高出 50%。由than可知，这里应用比较级，high 的比较级为 higher。故填higher。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个过程从设定现实的目标开始。介词with 后接动名词作宾语，set 的动名词形式为 setting。故填setting。 【59题详解】 考查 it 作形式主语。句意：建议他们制定富含纤维的每周饮食计划，而不是追求快速减肥。这里 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句，首字母大写。故填It。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意：有趣的是，饭前喝水，虽然是个简单的习惯，却能减少 30% 的过度进食。副词interestingly 修饰整个句子，意为“有趣的是”，首字母大写。故填Interestingly。 【61题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：体育活动的作用同样重要。此处表示特指体育活动的作用，用定冠词the。故填the。 【62题详解】 考查介词或连词。句意：研究证实，将有氧运动与力量训练相结合，能更有效地提高新陈代谢。“combine...with/and...”表示“把…… 与…… 结合”。故填with/and。 【63题详解】 考查时态。句意：每天一点比一次大量运动更好 —— 自引入每天 20 分钟的步行以来，已证明它是有益的。since引导时间状语，主句常用现在完成时，主语“20-minute daily walks”是复数，所以用have proved/have proven。故填have proved/have proven。 【64题详解】 考查语态。句意：心理因素无法避免。Psychological factors与 avoid 是被动关系，“cannot be + 过去分词”构成情态动词的被动语态。故填be avoided。 【65题详解】 考查连词。句意：记住：可持续的体重管理不是一个终点，而是一段持续的自我关爱之旅。“not...but...” 表示 “不是…… 而是……”，是固定搭配。故填but。 第三节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：1.每个选项只能使用一次；2.方框中有一个多余选项。 A. ensure B. balance C. destination D. die out E. significant F. extinction G. get across H. be aware of I. represent J. responsible K. affect Eco-tourism has become a popular way to enjoy nature while protecting it. Many travelers choose remote reserves as their ___66___. Through these trips, they aim to ___67___ the importance of environmental care. However, finding the ___68___ between tourism and conservation is still a big challenge. Human activities like hiking can ___69___ ecosystems. Without proper care, some species could face ___70___. To solve this, governments have made strict rules. These rules limit visitor numbers in sensitive areas to reduce the ___71___ impact of tourism. Scientists say certain species might ___72___ soon. To help those in charge of education campaigns must ___73___ their duty. These campaigns should be designed to clearly ___74___ the urgency of losing biodiversity. Local communities also help by stressing preservation. Eco-tourism can help local economies. By supporting ____75____ practices, it drives economic growth in harmony with nature. In short, eco-tourism needs global effort. Through smart choices, we can save nature for future generations. 【答案】66. C 67. G 68. B 69. K 70. F 71. E 72. D 73. H 74. I 75. J 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨生态旅游在享受自然与保护环境之间的平衡问题。 【66题详解】 考查名词。句意：许多旅行者选择偏远的保护区作为他们的目的地。根据句意“目的地”可知，此处用名词destination，作宾语。故选C。 【67题详解】 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：通过这些旅行，他们旨在传达环境保护的重要性。根据句意“传达”可知，此处用动词短语get across，aim to do sth为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故选G。 【68题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，在旅游业和自然保护之间找到平衡仍然是一个巨大的挑战。根据句意“平衡”可知，此处用名词balance，作宾语。故选B。 【69题详解】 考查动词。句意：像徒步旅行这样的人类活动会影响生态系统。根据句意“影响”可知，此处用动词affect，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形。故选K。 【70题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果没有适当的照顾，一些物种可能面临灭绝。根据句意“灭绝”可知，此处用名词extinction，作宾语。故选F。 【71题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些规定限制了敏感地区的游客数量，以减少旅游业的重大影响。根据句意“重大的”可知，此处用形容词significant，作定语，修饰名词impact。故选E。 【72题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：科学家表示，某些物种可能很快就会灭绝。根据句意“灭绝”可知，此处用动词短语die out，位于情态动词might后面，使用动词原形。故选D。 【73题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：为了提供帮助，负责教育宣传活动的人员必须意识到自己的责任。根据句意“意识到”可知，此处用动词短语be aware of，位于情态动词must后面，使用动词原形。故选H。 【74题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些运动的设计应该清楚地表明失去生物多样性的紧迫性。根据句意“表明”可知，此处用动词represent，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。故选I。 【75题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通过支持负责任的做法，它在与自然和谐相处的同时推动了经济增长。根据句意“负责任的”可知，此处用形容词responsible，作定语，修饰名词practices。故选J。 第四部分 写作（满分20分） 76. 假定你是校英语角负责人李华，为庆祝“世界读书日”，将举办“经典小说英文海报设计比赛”。请你用英文写一则通知，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.参赛要求； 3.提交方式及截止日期。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ English Corner 【答案】 Notice To celebrate World Book Day, the English Corner is thrilled to announce an English poster design competition on classic novels! This event aims to inspire creativity and deepen appreciation for literary masterpieces. Firstly, choose a classic novel (e. g. , Pride and Prejudice) and feature its title, author, and key characters. Secondly, include a brief English summary and one meaningful quote. Additionally, use A3-sized paper and creative visuals to bring the story to life. Finally, ensure your design is original and visually appealing. Email your entries to englishcorner @ school. combyApril22. Winners will be awarded prizes and their posters will be displayed in the school library! English Corner Notice Calling all book enthusiasts! Join our “Classic Novels in Art” competition to mark World Book Day. This event encourages you to blend literature with creativity. First, select a classic novel（e. g., The Great Gatsby）and design an A3 poster. Next, include the plot summary, themes, and your personal reflection in English. Additionally, both hand-drawn and digital designs are welcome. Finally, ensure your work is neat and reflects the novel's essence. Submit your posters to Room 305 by April 23. Top 3 designers will win gift cards and have their posters exhibited! English Corner 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生用英文写一则通知，介绍学校将举办“经典小说英文海报设计比赛”的相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 宣布：announce→declare 有意义的：meaningful→significant 最终：finally→eventually 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To celebrate World Book Day, the English Corner is thrilled to announce an English poster design competition on classic novels! 拓展句：To celebrate World Book Day, the English Corner is thrilled to announce an English poster design competition which is related to classic novels! 【点睛】[高分句型1] To celebrate World Book Day, the English Corner is thrilled to announce an English poster design competition on classic novels!（运用了动词不定式作目的状语） [高分句型2] Finally, ensure your design is original and visually appealing.（运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句作ensure的宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024~2025学年度高一下学期期中考试 英语 考生注意： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4.本卷命题范围：外研+人教版必修Book 2 Unit 3~ Book 3 Unit 1. 第一部分 单项选择（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 单项选择从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. ______ by his teammates' support, the young athlete finally realized his goal. A. Having inspired B. Inspiring C. Inspired D. To inspire 2. The volunteer worked tirelessly ______ awareness of environmental protection. A. being raised B. having raised C. raised D. to raise 3. The government has ______ new measures to address the rising issue of homelessness. A. increased B. introduced C. affected D. afforded 4. The scientists are going to ______ the remote mountain area for new species of plants. A. explore B. gather C. attack D. imagine 5. The company plans to expand its business ______ by establishing partnerships in Europe and Asia. A. illegally B. actually C. forever D. further 6. The teacher gave a clear ______ of the new topic making it easy for students to understand. A. explanation B. suggestion C. imagination D. arrangement 7. He was ______ about the exam, even though he had studied well. A. busy B. excited C. anxious D. happy 8. The tourist guidebook ______ useful tips about budget travel is available at the information desk. A. contained B. containing C. to contain D. being contained 9. After the long hike, they felt a great sense of ______ when they finally reached the top of the hill. A. achievement B. disappointment C. failure D. confusion 10. Not until the rescue team arrived ______ how much damage the flood caused. A. they realized B. they had realized C. had they realized D. did they realize 11. She felt really ______ after finishing the difficult project on time. A. confused B. proud C. guilty D. familiar 12. There was a big ______ in the classroom when the teacher announced the surprise test. A. reaction B. presentation C. competition D. collection 13. The Dragon Boat Festival, ______ features dragon boat races, is celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan. A. where B. when C. which D. who 14. So far this semester, Sarah ______ her public speaking skills significantly by practicing daily in front of a mirror to take part in the school debate competition next month. A. improved B. had improved C. has improved D. is improving 15. Her kind words gave me a lot of ______ when I was feeling down. A. comfort B. danger C. pressure D. honour 16. The flight was delayed for three hours. ______, we received no apology from the airline. A Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise 17. The “Zero Waste” campaign encourages people to ______ single-use plastics in daily life. A. express B. quit C. describe D. consider 18. ______ technology makes communication faster and easier, people can stay connected with loved ones from afar. A. Until B. Unless C. Although D. Since 19. The ancient tradition of storytelling ______ in many cultures, preserving history through generations. A. helps out B. holds on C. dies out D. lives on 20. She received a lot of ______ from her friends when she started her new job. A. tension B. support C. gratitude D. confusion 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Futurescape: Where AI Meets Space & Sustainability ●Robots of the Future(First Floor): Engage with advanced AI robots through dynamic demonstrations and hands-on programming activities. Experience real-time machine learning interactions and humanoid robot communication in this continuously updated exhibition. ● Space Exploration(Second Floor): Journey through space history with authentic (真实的) NASA historical objects, including rare moon rock samples collected during the Apollo missions. This popular exhibition operates only on weekends due to the delicate nature of its lunar samples. ●Eco-Planet(Third Floor): Fight climate change through immersive VR games that recreate renewable energy projects. Design wind farms, restore coral reefs, or balance urban ecosystems in our award-winning interactive stations. Admission & Discounts: ●Adults:￥60 | Students(with ID):￥30 ●Group rates: 10% discount for groups of 10+ visitors ●Free entry for children under 6 and seniors over 70 Special Events: Solar Car Workshop(Ages 12+): Build functional solar-powered vehicles using recycled materials at this free workshop. Limited to 30 participants. Date: Saturday, April 20(2:00-4:00 PM) Registration: Required by April 18 at the front desk Visitor Guidelines: ●No food/ drinks in exhibition zones ●Photography permitted(turn off flash to protect exhibits) ●Stroller (婴儿车) parking available near elevators Plan Your Visit: Open Tuesday-Sunday(9 AM-5 PM). Allow 2-3 hours for full experience. Download our app for augmented (增强) reality exhibit guides! 21. What do all three exhibition floors have in common? A. Display historical objects. B. Showcase future technology. C. Focus on young children. D. Offer interactive experiences. 22. How much would a group of 15 students pay in total? A. ¥405. B. ￥300. C. ¥450. D. ¥495. 23. What activity requires advance registration? A. VR games. B. Robot interaction. C. Solar car workshop. D. Photography. B Seventeen-year-old Mei missed her grandmother's lively countryside garden after moving to a gray city apartment. The busy streets and crowded elevators made her feel lonely. One rainy afternoon she found a rooftop covered with trash and broken tiles (瓦片). Remembering a lesson about how plants could improve cities, Mei dug into her pocket and found a dry sunflower seed from her old home. With trembling hands, she planted it in a broken flowerpot, determined to bring life to the empty space. Classmates laughed at Mei's idea, saying plants couldn't grow in the polluted air. She didn't listen, collecting old buckets and plastic bottles to use as planters. Every weekend, she carried heavy soil from nearby building sites until her shoulders ached. But her first plants turned yellow in the rain, and strong winds blew away her pots. Just as Mei felt hopeless, Ms. Chen, an experienced gardener living downstairs, noticed her struggles. She brought Mei bamboo sticks and taught her to grow plants upward on metal pipes, where the air was cleaner. Together, they built tall bamboo supports for climbing vegetables. Slowly, green leaves appeared: sunflowers grew taller than Mei, herbs filled tin cans with fresh smells, and red tomatoes brightened the gray rooftop. Neighbors began visiting teenagers helped mix leftover food into plant soil, while children painted smiling faces on old bottles. During a powerful typhoon that flooded the streets, the garden's bamboo pipes directed the rainwater away, protecting their building from damage. People who once doubted Mei now watered the plants daily. At the autumn festival, the rooftop was full of color. Mei gave out basil plants (罗勒植物) in reused yogurt cups, explaining how the garden connected everyone. Ms. Chen smiled as families shared stories, their clothes dirty from soil and paint. The rooftop, once silent, now buzzed with bees and children's laughter. Against the cold city buildings, golden sunflowers stood like brave soldiers, proving that even in the hardest places, life — and hope — could grow. 24. What directly inspired Mei to start her rooftop project? A. A lesson on urban green spaces. B. Support from her friends. C. Advice from a plant expert. D. Encouragement from neighbors. 25. Which of the following best describes Mei's project in paragraph 2? A. Interesting and simple. B. Costly and demanding. C. Challenging and creative. D. Ineffective and progressing. 26. What role did the rooftop garden play during the typhoon? A. Food supply for residents. B. Building structure support. C. Safe place for animals. D. Flood damage prevention. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Pollution Crisis: Urban Challenges. B. Green Revival: Healing Broken Spaces. C. Elder Wisdom: Agricultural Revival. D. Storm Defense: Engineering Success. C Marine scientists have built a robot fish named Bionic Swimmer to save struggling coral(珊瑚)areas. Weighing just 1. 2k g—about as heavy as a thick dictionary—this robot fish moves like a real fish with its soft rubber-like material fins that wave gently. Designed as a hidden observer of the sea, it navigates through coral gardens without frightening marine life. It takes clear pictures of corals that are losing color and checks the water’s temperature and acidity(酸度). Unlike noisy underwater machines that scare sea animals away, Bionic Swimmer fits perfectly with underwater habitats. This robot fish can work nonstop for 12 hours and map fading coral areas 20% faster than human divers. Unlike traditional underwater machines that scare sea life with loud noises, it uses a flexible, fish-like tail to move quietly. During a 2023 mission on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, it checked risky areas 35% faster by using tiny sensors to check water changes in real time. However, when diving deeper than 50 meters, 40% of its data disappears because water pressure weakens signals—like a text message that doesn’t get delivered. This shows the challenges of exploring the deep sea. To fix this, MIT scientists added light-up to its “skin,” inspired by bioluminescent anglerfish that “talk” with self-made light in dark water. These spots blink like a code to send data upwards. Tests in complete darkness under high pressure showed that this “light language” works 85% of the time. “Deep-sea creatures gave us this smart method,” says project leader Dr. Elena Torres, “especially how bioluminescent animals learned to communicate in darkness.” By 2025, upgraded Bionic Swimmers will use long-distance laser(激光)technology to send real-time warnings from the deepest parts of the ocean. These robotic protectors can keep watch on coral areas all the time, noticing dangerous temperature increases from farther away than current systems. Imagine bright robot fish swimming through a coral area—their new tools sending signals across wide underwater spaces to keep sea life safe! 28. What is the main task of Bionic Swimmer? A. Exploring deep-sea volcanoes. B. Testing ocean material resistance. C. Monitoring coral health secretly. D. Replacing underwater photographers. 29. How does Bionic Swimmer differ from older equipment? A. Diving beyond 100 meters. B. Using solar energy. C. Managing extreme pressure. D. Silent fish-like movement. 30. What does “bioluminescent” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Surviving without oxygen. B. Sensing temperature shifts. C. Producing natural light. D. Hiding from hunters. 31. What is expected to improve performance? A. Expanding signal range. B. Increasing swimming speed. C. Attracting sea creatures. D. Cutting production costs. D School dining halls discovered a surprising fact: When students face 6 jam choices, they buy 10 times more than when offered 24 options. This “choice overload,” studied by psychologist Barry Schwartz, now affects teenagers everywhere. From picking school courses to choosing drink flavors, endless options leave teens stressed instead of excited. Schwartz’s research highlights a paradox (矛盾): while freedom of choice seems desirable, too many options often lead to anxiety and indecision, making it harder to take action. Brain science shows why this happens. Too many choices activate the brain’s fear center, triggering feelings of uncertainty, and tire the decision-making area, which handles logical judgments. For example, a 10th grader from a coastal city admits spending 40 minutes daily surfing a video app. “I can’t stop searching for the perfect short video,” he says. This illustrates “decision fatigue (疲劳)”—a mental exhaustion caused by constant small choices. Over time, this takes energy needed for critical tasks like homework or planning future goals. Philosopher Hannah Arendt’s idea about “small evils” from thoughtless actions finds new meaning today. She argued that repetitive, unthinking behaviors could lead to harmful consequences. Modern life mirrors this: endless trivial(琐碎的)decisions—like picking snacks or adjusting photo filters—dull our ability to make meaningful choices. Automatic scrolling replaces deep thinking, much like blindly following orders once normalized harmful historical acts. Arendt’s warning urges us to reflect: Are we losing the capacity to focus on what truly matters? Schools are fighting back. A high school in eastern China reduced elective course dropouts by 55% using “decision cleanliness”—a method offering only 3 options per subject. This approach simplifies choices, allowing students to focus on quality over quantity. As one headmaster explains, “Limiting options reduces stress and helps students commit to their decisions.” Other strategies include simplifying cafeteria menus and setting screen-free time blocks. These practices enable teens to regain mental energy, proving that sometimes, less truly is more. 32. What can be inferred from the school dining hall experiment? A. More choices drive sales. B. Fewer options aid decisions. C. Foreign foods tempt youth. D. Adults decide more quickly. 33. Which term best describes the student’s 40-minute surfing habit? A. Efficient task-switching. B. Schoolwork stress relief. C. Creative content browsing. D. Decision-making fatigue. 34. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Hannah Arendt in paragraph 3? A. Mindless acts cause harm. B. Choices shape actions. C. Habits weaken thinking. D. Reflection prevents mistakes. 35. What solution worked in the eastern China high school? A. Banning smartphone usage. B. Offering limited options. C. Extending decision time. D. Increasing teacher guidance. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Smart learning isn’t just about study hours — it’s about study skills. To remember more, try these science-backed methods. Short, spaced study sessions are more effective. For example, studying 30 minutes daily for a week beats 5 hours the night before a test. ___36___ Active recall is better than passive reading. Instead of rereading notes, test yourself. ___37___ This forces your brain to access knowledge, strengthening memory and improving retention. ___38___ Mixing subjects in one session (math history, science) helps you spot connections. For instance, linking historical events to scientific discoveries deepens understanding. It also prevents boredom and keeps your mind engaged, making study sessions more efficient. Metacognition means checking how well you know something. ___39___ Ask: “What don’t I understand?” Use tools like mind maps to visualize (可视化) knowledge gaps. This self-awareness helps you focus on weak areas and adjust your study plan accordingly. Finally, rest and exercise matter. Sleep helps your brain save memories. ___40___ A 10-minute walk increases blood flow to the brain, keeping you awake. Even light stretching can improve concentration during study sessions. Aim for 30 minutes of exercise daily to improve overall brain function. A. Combine different subjects during study time. B. Study in a quiet environment for better focus. C. Reflect on your understanding and find gaps. D. Physical activity and rest improve mental focus. E. Write down what you remember or use flashcards. F. This “spacing effect” strengthens long-term memory. G. Some learning methods are more effective than others. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A decade ago, I began an investigation into the secrets of luck. I wanted to know why some people were ___41___ in the right place at the right time, while others always experienced misfortune. I ___42___ notices in newspapers asking those who felt lucky or unlucky to contact me. Hundreds volunteered for my ___43___. Over the years, I interviewed them and had them ___44___ various experiments. I conducted a simple ___45___ to determine if differences in luck were due to differences in their ability to ___46___ opportunities. I gave both groups a newspaper and asked them to count the photographs. I had ___47___ placed a bold (加粗) message midway saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and win $50.” This ___48___ occupied half the page, written in over two-inch type. It stared everyone in the face, yet the unlucky tended to ___49___ it while the lucky spotted it. Unlucky people are generally more ____50____, and this anxiety weakens their ability to notice the ____51____. As a result, they miss opportunities by over-focusing on specific goals. They attend events just for finding a partner, missing chances to make friends. They look through newspapers ____52____ to find certain types of job, missing other types of jobs. Lucky people are more relaxed and open, seeing what is there ____53____ exactly what they need. My research suggested that lucky people create good fortune via four ____54____. They are good at recognizing chance opportunities, making intuitive (直觉) decisions, forming self-fulfilling prophecies (预言) with positive expectations, and adopting an attitude that ____55____ bad luck into good. 41. A. never B. always C. sometimes D. seldom 42. A. posted B. edited C. created D. read 43. A. game B. adventure C. research D. contest 44. A. participate in B. call off C. look into D. carry out 45. A. observation B. experiment C. competition D. discussion 46. A. share B. predict C. decline D. identify 47. A. hesitantly B. carelessly C. secretly D. excitedly 48. A. copy B. message C. diagram D. introduction 49. A. miss B. pass C. revise D. misunderstand 50. A. nervous B. careless C. awkward D. pitiful 51 A. unaffected B. unexplained C. unchanged D. unexpected 52. A. confident B. disappointed C. determined D. surprised 53. A. as to B. but for C. regardless of D. rather than 54. A. goals B. preferences C. principles D. beliefs 55. A. throws B. transforms C. takes D. forces 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Keeping a healthy weight isn’t about extreme diets but requires ___56___ (organize) strategies. Research shows that people tracking (跟踪)both nutrition and exercise have a 50% ___57___ (high) chance of achieving long-term success than those focusing only on calorie counting. The process begins with ___58___ (set) realistic goals. ___59___ is recommended that they create weekly meal plans rich in fiber instead of aiming for rapid weight loss. ___60___ (interesting) , drinking water before meals, though a simple habit, can reduce overeating by 30%. It is ___61___ role of physical activity that equally matters. Studies confirm that combining aerobic (有氧的) exercises ___62___ strength training improves metabolism (新陈代谢) more effectively. A little each day is better than a lot once — 20-minute daily walks ___63___ (prove) beneficial since their introduction. Psychological factors cannot ___64___ (avoid). Keeping a journal to record emotions linked to eating helps identify unhealthy patterns. Remember: sustainable weight management isn't a destination _____65_____ a continuous journey of self-care. 第三节 补全语篇（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：1.每个选项只能使用一次；2.方框中有一个多余选项。 A. ensure B. balance C. destination D. die out E. significant F. extinction G. get across H. be aware of I. represent J. responsible K. affect Eco-tourism has become a popular way to enjoy nature while protecting it. Many travelers choose remote reserves as their ___66___. Through these trips, they aim to ___67___ the importance of environmental care. However, finding the ___68___ between tourism and conservation is still a big challenge. Human activities like hiking can ___69___ ecosystems. Without proper care, some species could face ___70___. To solve this, governments have made strict rules. These rules limit visitor numbers in sensitive areas to reduce the ___71___ impact of tourism. Scientists say certain species might ___72___ soon. To help, those in charge of education campaigns must ___73___ their duty. These campaigns should be designed to clearly ___74___ the urgency of losing biodiversity. Local communities also help by stressing preservation. Eco-tourism can help local economies. By supporting ____75____ practices, it drives economic growth in harmony with nature. In short, eco-tourism needs global effort. Through smart choices, we can save nature for future generations. 第四部分 写作（满分20分） 76. 假定你是校英语角负责人李华，为庆祝“世界读书日”，将举办“经典小说英文海报设计比赛”。请你用英文写一则通知，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.参赛要求； 3.提交方式及截止日期。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ English Corner 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$