专题01 动词时态-【暑假自学课】2025年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（人教版）

专题01 动词时态（六种时态） 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚 1. 一般现在时 基本结构 （1） 主语+ am/is/are+其他.（肯定句） · 主语+ am/is/are + not +其他。（否定句） · Am/is/are +主语+其他？（一般疑问句） Yes, 主语+am/is/are. No,主语+ am/is/are + not. （2） 主语+动词原形/动词单三形式+其他.（肯定句） · 主语+don’t/doesn’t+动原+其他（否定句） · Do/Does +主语+动原+其他。（一般疑问句） Yes, 主语+do/does. No,主语+ don’t/doesn’t. 常见用法 （1） 表示现阶段所处的状态或经常性、习惯性的动作，常与频度副词连用。 eg：I always go to school at7:00 a.m. （2） 表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象。 eg:The earth goes around the sun. （3） 表示按照计划或安排好的将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来，但仅限于start、begin、leave、go、come、arrive等词。 eg:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. （4） 用在if unless as coon as when等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。 eg:I’ll tell him the news when he comes back. If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go to the park. 动词单三变化 · 规则变化： 1　 一般在动词原形后直接+s: play-plays read-reads 2　 以s x sh ch结尾的动词+es: watch-watches wash-washes discuss-discusses 3　 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变“y”为“i”+es: fly-flies study-studies · 不规则变化： go-goes do- does be-am/is/are have-has 时间状语 （1） 频度副词：always usually often sometimes seldom never hardly（ever） （2） 频率词组：once a week twice a month three times a day 其他词组：on Sundays at weekends every+day/night/week/month/year 2. 一般过去时 结构 （1） 主语+was/were+其他.（肯定句） 主语+was/were not +其他.（否定句） Was/Were +主语+其他？（一般疑问句） （2） 主语+动词过去式+其他.（肯定句） 主语+did not +动原+其他。（否定句） Did 主语+动原+其他？（一般疑问句） 常见 用法 （1） 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 eg:We went to the City Library last week. （2） 表示过去常常或反复发生的动作，常与频度副词连用。 eg:When I was a child, I often played basketball in the park. （3） 表示过去某个特定时间内一次完成的具有先后顺序的几个动作。 eg:The boy opened his eyes, looked at the window, and the cried. （4） 在since引导的时间状语从句中，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 You have been happy since I first met you. 动词过去式变化 · 规则变化： （1） 一般情况下：在动词原形后直接+ed: play-played work-worked （2） 以不发音字母e结尾的动词后+d: arrive-arrived encourage-encouraged （3） 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，将“y”变“i”+ed: study-s tydied carry- carrried （4） 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母，再+ed: stop-stopped plan-planned · 不规则变化： do-did go-went meet-met see-saw be-was/were can-could have-had 标志 词 （1） 时间段+ago （2） yesterday the day before yesterday yesterday+morning/afternoon/evening （3） last+day/night/week/month/year （4） just now in the past in 1920等one day(有一天) long long ago 3. 一般将来时 结构 （1） 主语+will+动原+其他。（肯定句） · 主语+will not/(won’t) 动原+其他。（否定句） · Will +主语+动原+其他？（一般疑问句） · Yes,主语+will. No, 主语+will not. （2） 主语+am/is/are going to +动原+其他。（肯定句） · 主语+am/is/are +not going to +动原+其他。（否定句） · Am/is/are+主语+ going to +动原+其他。（一般疑问句） · Yes, 主语 am/is/are. No, 主语+am/is/are +not. （1）“will + 动原”表示客观上势必将发生的事情，或临时做出的打算。 I will make a cake tomorrow. （2）“be going to +动原”表示说话者主观计划、打算、安排要做某事，或根据某种迹象预测某事即将发生。 eg:What are you going to do next Sunday?（主观计划） Look at the dark clouds.There is going to be a storm.（客观迹象） （3）一般将来时的特殊表达方式： ① be + 动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。 ② be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快，即将发生的动作。如：They are about to leave. ③ 一些位移动词come, go, start, move, leave等词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事情。 ④ 在由when, before, after, as soon as, until/till引导的时间状语从句和由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。 标志词 （1） tomorrow （2） next +day/night/week/month/year （3） in a week in 2030 in +一段时间 one day（某一天） in the future 4. 现在进行时 结构 主语+am/is/are+动词现在分词.（肯定句） · 主语+am/is/are+not 动词现在分词.（否定句） · Am/is/are +主语+ 动词现在分词?（一般疑问句） Yes, 主语+am/is/are. No, 主语+am/is/are not. 常见用法 （1） 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。 eg:—What are you doing? —I am reading. （2） 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。 They are studying hard this term. （3） go leave arrive start 等动词用现在进行时表示将来。 I am leaving next week. 现在分词变化形式 规则变化: （1） 一般情况下动词词尾直接+ing: play-playing be-being study-studying （2） 以不发音字母“e”结尾的动词，去“e”+ing: close-closing dance-dancing （3） 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母，再+ing: put-putting cut-cutting swim-swimming shop-shopping run-running travel-travelling prefer-preferring sit-sitting get-getting begin-beginning （4） 以字母组合“ie”结尾的动词，变“ie”为“y”+ing: lie-lying tie-lying die-dying （5）picnic-picnicking 标志词 （1） now right now （2） at present at this time at the/this moment （3） these days （4） look listen · 不能用于进行时的动词 ① 表示事实状态的动词：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等 ② 表示心理状态、态度情感的动词，如know, realize, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree,等。 ③ 瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。 ④ 感官动词和系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。 5. 过去进行时 结构 主语+was/were+动词现在分词.（肯定句） · 主语+was/were+not 动词现在分词.（否定句） · Was/were +主语+ 动词现在分词?（一般疑问句） · Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+was/were not. 常见用法 （1） 表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。 He was cleaning his room at 10 yesterday. （2） 表示过去某一时间段内正在进行的动作或持续的状态。 They were playing basketball yesterday afternoon. （3） 在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个短暂性动词用一般过去时。 Students were reading aloud when the teacher came into the classroom. （4） 表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行时，不考虑动作的先后顺序，主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时，连词常用while。 I was reading books while my daughter was drawing pictures. 标志词 （1） then （2） at that time at ten yesterday at this time yesterday when while 引导的表示过去的时间状语从句 6. 现在完成时 结构 主语+have/has+ 动词过去分词+其他.（肯定句） · 主语+have/has+not 动词过去分词+其他.（否定句） · Have/has +主语+动词过去分词+其他？（一般疑问句） · Yes, 主语+have/has. No, 主语+have/has not. 常见 用法 （1） 表示过去发生的动作或者已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Tom has visited a fire station. （2） 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或者状态，也许还要持续下去，常和“for+时间段 since+时间点/过去时的句子”连用，表示持续的动作或状态多用延续性动词。 We have lived here since 2005. （3）It is / has been + 时间段since + 从句（一般过去时）。 It is five months since she graduated from the university. 动词 过去 分词 变化 · 规则变化： （1） 一般情况下：在动词原形后直接+ed: play-played work-worked （2） 以不发音字母e结尾的动词后+d: arrive-arrived encourage-encouraged （3） 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，将“y”变“i”+ed: study- studied carry- carried （4） 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母，再+ed: stop-stopped-stopped plan-planned-planned control-controlled-controlled · 不规则变化： · A-B-C型：eat-ate-eaten take-took-taken give-gave-given see-saw-seen begin-began-begun · A-B-B型：burn-burnt-burnt deal-dealt-dealt · A-B-A型：become-became-become run-ran-run · A-A-A型：cut-cut-cut put-put-put hit-hit-hit 标志 词 （1） already ever yet（到目前为止） still （2） recently lately so fay up to now （3） in the past last three years （4） since 1998 since+过去时间点 for five years for+时间段 【注意】 1、have/has been to, have/has gone to和have/has been in的区别 · have/has gone to意为“到某地去了”，说话时该人不在现场。一般只用第三人称作主语。 · have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示一种经历，含有“现在已离开那儿”之意，后可接次数（如once，twice，three times等）表示“去过某地几次”，也可和just，never，ever等连用。 · have been in表示“到某地多长时间了”，常与时间段连用。 2、非延续性动词转化为延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep open be open close be closed begin/start be on come be here go be there finish be over die be dead catch a cold have a cold put on wear wake up be awake fall asleep be asleep lose not have join be in leave be away arrive/reach be 一般现在时 1．The movie Chang’an ________ ancient Chinese poetry to life beautifully. A．brings B．brought C．will bring D．has brought 2．Cindy likes playing the guitar and she always ________ an hour every evening practicing it. A．spent B．was spending C．spends D．has spent 3．Many seagulls (海鸥) ________ to Kunming for the warm winter every year. A．come B．comes C．came D．will come 4．We ______ different plants on the school farm as volunteers every week. Come and join us! A．care for B．will care for C．are caring for D．have cared for 5．Look at the board! The train ________ at 10:20. We’d better set off right now. A．leaves B．left C．has left D．has been left 6．I needn’t hurry up. My train ___________ for Shanghai at 10 o’clock . A．leaves B．will leave C．left D．was leaving 7．The train ________ at 8:00 tomorrow morning. A．leave B．leaves C．will leave D．is leaving 8．Now people often ________ their jobs and have different work experiences. A．changes B．change C．changed D．will change 9．Look, here ________ my English teacher. A．come B．coming C．comes D．came 10．—Look! Here ________ Simon and Amy! —Oh, they seem smart. A．come B．comes C．is coming D．to come 一般过去时 1．She ________ a sandwich for breakfast this morning. A．have B．has C．had D．is having 2．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 3．—May I speak to Mr Jones? —I’m sorry. He isn’t at home. He ________ fishing twenty minutes ago. A．is going B．goes C．went D．was going 4．—How was your weekend? —Great! I ________ to Tianjin and visited my old friends. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone 5．I _________ the bus to school every day when I was in primary school. A．take B．am taking C．took D．will take 6．Ten minutes later, a car came and ________ the old woman to hospital. A．takes B．took C．brings D．brought 7．Sally ________ interested in outdoor photography when she entered university. A．became B．becomes C．is becoming D．will become 8．—Excuse me, look at the sign “NO PHOTOS”! —Sorry, I ________ it. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．won’t see 9．The Zhao family ________ happy because everyone helped them. A．feels B．felt C．feeling D．feel 10．—Excuse me, Sir. Please don’t smoke here. This is a non-smoking area. —I’m really sorry. I ________ it. A．haven’t known B．don’t know C．didn’t know D．won’t know 一般将来时 1．They ________ to the park tomorrow. What about you? A．go B．goes C．are going D．went 2．If you study hard, you ________ your goals in the future. A．achieve B．achieved C．have achieved D．will achieve 3．—Will his parents go to see the film tomorrow? —No, ________. A．they shall not B．they aren’t C．they won’t D．they don’t 4．Tony ________ the Great Wall with his classmates next Sunday. A．visited B．visits C．will visit D．is visiting 5．There ________ a basketball match in our school next Saturday. A．is going to have B．is going to be C．are going to be D．are going to have 6．Look at the black clouds. I think it ________ soon. A．rains B．is going to rain C．to rain D．is raining 7．—Why is Mike looking forward to this weekend? —Because he and his friends ________ their favorite team play basketball. A．watch B．watching C．watched D．are going to watch 8．—Have you heard Ne Zha will go on till the end of this month! —Really? I can’t wait! I ________ tickets to enjoy the fantastic film. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．have bought 9．—Anna, please come to my party this Sunday. —Sorry, I ________ for the coming final exam this weekends. I’m very worried about it. A．prepare B．have prepared C．will prepare D．prepared 10．—Do you have any plans for this weekend, Jim? —Yes, we _________ to Xixi National Wetland Park. A．go B．am going C．will go D．went 现在进行时 1．Look! The students ________ an English class now. A．have B．had C．are having D．will have 2．—Where is your dad, Tom? —He ________ in the garden right now. A．works B．worked C．is working D．has worked 3．— Peter, what are your class doing? —Oh, we ________ a speech about national heroes. A．will prepare B．are preparing C．prepared D．have prepared 4．—Jim, could you help me plant some trees in the garden? —Just a minute, Dad. I ________ my dirty shoes now. A．washed B．am washing C．have washed D．was washing 5．—Have you finished your project yet? —We ________ on it. There is nothing much I can say at the moment. A．have worked B．are working C．worked D．will work 6．—When ________ the train ________? —In ten minutes. A．has; left B．will; be leave C．is; leaving D．did; leave 7．Some teenagers ________ football over there. Let’s go and join them. A．play B．played C．are playing D．were playing 8．Jackson ________ the piano in the hall at the moment, and he will take part in competition next Sunday. A．plays B．has played C．is playing D．will play 9．—Listen! Some foreign artists ________ My Homeland in Chinese. —Yes. Their beautiful voices show their love for Chinese culture. A．sing B．sang C．are singing D．will sing 10．—Alice, don’t ________ on the floor. —I am sorry, Mum. Look! The old hen is ________ an egg. A．lay; laying B．lie; lay C．lay; lie D．lie; laying 过去进行时 1．—I can’t get in touch with Cindy. I’m a little worried. —Take it easy. I noticed she ________ stories to the kids in the classroom when I passed by. A．tells B．is telling C．was telling D．will tell 2．While my mother ________ dinner, I was doing my homework. A．cooked B．cooks C．was cooking D．is cooking 3．—Why didn’t you attend the speech about online learning yesterday? —I ________ all the materials in the library for my science project. A．was organizing B．will organize C．organize D．have organized 4．—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for Youth Day on May 4th. A．will practice B．practice C．am practicing D．was practicing 5．—I didn’t see you when I passed your classroom this morning. —Oh, I ________ with my math teacher in his office. A．talk B．will talk C．am talking D．was talking 6．—Amy, you didn’t answer my call. What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? —Sorry. I ________ TV at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 7．—Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday evening? —Sorry, I ________ dinner and I didn’t hear it. A．was cooking B．cooked C．am cooking D．cook 8．—What were you doing at 9:00 last night? —I ________ a movie on TV. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching 9．—Jim didn’t reply to me when I asked him some questions. —Maybe he ________ about something else. A．thought B．was thinking C．will think D．is thinking 10．—What a heavy rain! When did it start? —I _________ on the way to my office then. A．drove B．will drive C．have driven D．was driving 现在完成时 1．They left for Beijing last week and we ________ them so far. A．don’t hear from B．didn’t hear from C．haven’t heard from D．won’t hear from 2．—Look! There is a set of keys on the ground. —Someone ________ it and he must be very worried. A．leaves B．is leaving C．has left D．will leave 3．—________ you ever ________ the AI exhibition in Kunming? —Not yet. But I plan to go this weekend. A．Have; visited B．Did; visit C．Do; visit D．Are; visiting 4．—What are you going to do this weekend? —I ______ yet. A．haven’t decided B．won’t decide C．didn’t decide D．don’t decide 5．My brother ______ his homework, so he can play basketball with his friends now. A．finished B．has finished C．will finish D．finishes 6．—How long ________ you ________ this book? —For two weeks. A．have; borrowed B．have; kept C．did; borrow D．did; keep 7．—May I speak to Jane? —Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month. A．left B．has left C．has been away D．went away 8．—When did he leave Junan? —He ________ Junan last month. He ________ for more than fifteen days. A．left; has left B．left; has been away C．has left; has been away D．has left; left 9．— Mr Green and Mrs Green ________ for thirty years. —Wow! No wonder they’ve made a lot of great memories together. A．have been married B．got married C．have got married D．will get married 10．I ________ the school football team since I came to Soochow University and I really enjoy playing football. A．have joined B．joined C．have been in D．was in 真题感知 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）A lot of people in China ________ by high-speed train every year. A．travel B．traveled C．will travel D．have traveled 2．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）To make our hometown more beautiful, we _______ many trees and flowers every year. A．plant B．are planting C．planted D．were planting 3．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）As we all know, the Yangtze River ________ as a “mother river” of the Chinese nation. A．knows B．knew C．is known D．was known 4．（2024·北京·中考真题）—What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there. A．go B．went C．will go D．was going 5．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He ________ have breakfast because he woke up late this morning. A．does B．did C．doesn’t D．didn’t 6．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 7．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have 8．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order 9．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him. A．was B．has been C．are D．will be 10．（2024·四川·中考真题）Look at the children. They ________ kites in the park now. A．flew B．flies C．are flying D．will fly 11．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）Look! The students ________ an art class in the park. A．have B．were having C．had D．are having 12．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Look! My sister ________ the table. Let’s give her a hand. A．set B．sets C．is setting D．was setting 13．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking 14．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study. A．am reading B．have read C．was reading D．will read 15．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ______ the dishes. A．wash B．washed C．am washing D．was washing 16．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Mum, I ________ the living room already. —Good job! It is so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 17．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）—Where’s Mr. Yang? —He ________ Longquan Mountain in Danzhai. He ________ there three times because he enjoys the local scenery. A．has gone to; has been B．has gone to; has gone to C．has been to; has gone D．has been to; has been to 18．（2017·四川眉山·中考真题）Her grandfather________ a car in 2007. He________ the car for 10 years. A．buys; has bought B．bought; has had C．buys; has had D．bought; has bought 19．（2018·甘肃天水·中考真题）—When will A bite of China Ⅲ begin tonight? —It ________ for ten minutes. A．will begin B．has begun C．will be on D．has been on 20．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year. She is taken good care of there. A．was back B．came back C．has come back D．has been back 提升专练 1．Every Sunday morning, I ________ a jog around a park near my home. A．take B．took C．will take D．has taken 2．During the physics class, our teacher told us that light ________ much faster than sound. A．travel B．travels C．traveled D．traveling 3．Mary ________ hard every day so she has a good performance in school. A．studied B．studies C．has studied D．will study 4．Wang Xi and his brother ________ the dragon boat races in the village in the summer of 2023. A．take part in B．took part in C．are taking part in D．have taken part in 5．I live in Beijing now, but I ________ in Guangzhou many years ago. A．were living B．are living C．lived D．have lived 6．—Dad, you ________ to come back earlier. But it’s midnight now! —I’m sorry, Lina. I will spend more time with you tomorrow, OK? A．promised B．are promising C．promise D．will promise 7．—I wonder if John ________ next year’s talent show. —I have no idea. But I think if he ________ his class project, he will. A．joins; finishes B．will join in; will finish C．takes part in; finishes D．will take part in; finishes 8．Lisa ________ her grandparents and she expects to see them. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．has visited 9．Leave a note, so your parents ________ about you. A．won’t worry B．don’t worry C．didn’t worry D．haven’t worried 10．—I haven’t seen you these days.What are you busy with? —I ________ my English Speech Competition because the next week to do this. A．am preparing for B．prepared for C．have prepared for D．will prepare for 11．—Where is Lucy? It’s time to go home now. —She ________ the school library with her classmates. A．is cleaning B．cleans C．cleaned D．was cleaning 12．You ________, Frank. Don’t talk on the phone. A．will drive B．have driven C．are driving D．were driving 13．When I got home from school, my sister ________ for dinner, so she invited me to join her. A．goes out B．went out C．has gone out D．was going out 14．—Look at this photo! Do you remember when it was taken? —Yeah! I ________ a cooking class back then and it was so fun. A．have B．am having C．was having D．have had 15．I didn’t see you because I ________ my homework. A．did B．do C．am doing D．was doing 16．—Where is the computer? —I ________ it because it does not work. A．sell B．am selling C．will sell D．have sold 17．—How long have your parents ________? —For more than thirty years. A．married B．got married C．marry D．been married 18．The famous writer ________ for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A．died B．was dying C．has died D．has been dead 19．—Where is Jim? —He ________ to the shop. He’ll be back in an hour. A．goes B．was going C．will go D．has gone 20．—I feel so proud that Zheng Qinwen, the young Chinese tennis player, won second place in the Australian Open. —Me, too. It’s also surprising to find she ________ to seventh in her field in just few months. A．climbed B．has climbed C．is climbing D．climbs 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 动词时态（六种时态） 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚 1. 一般现在时 基本结构 （1） 主语+ am/is/are+其他.（肯定句） · 主语+ am/is/are + not +其他。（否定句） · Am/is/are +主语+其他？（一般疑问句） Yes, 主语+am/is/are. No,主语+ am/is/are + not. （2） 主语+动词原形/动词单三形式+其他.（肯定句） · 主语+don’t/doesn’t+动原+其他（否定句） · Do/Does +主语+动原+其他。（一般疑问句） Yes, 主语+do/does. No,主语+ don’t/doesn’t. 常见用法 （1） 表示现阶段所处的状态或经常性、习惯性的动作，常与频度副词连用。 eg：I always go to school at7:00 a.m. （2） 表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象。 eg:The earth goes around the sun. （3） 表示按照计划或安排好的将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来，但仅限于start、begin、leave、go、come、arrive等词。 eg:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. （4） 用在if unless as coon as when等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。 eg:I’ll tell him the news when he comes back. If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go to the park. 动词单三变化 · 规则变化： 1　 一般在动词原形后直接+s: play-plays read-reads 2　 以s x sh ch结尾的动词+es: watch-watches wash-washes discuss-discusses 3　 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变“y”为“i”+es: fly-flies study-studies · 不规则变化： go-goes do- does be-am/is/are have-has 时间状语 （1） 频度副词：always usually often sometimes seldom never hardly（ever） （2） 频率词组：once a week twice a month three times a day 其他词组：on Sundays at weekends every+day/night/week/month/year 2. 一般过去时 结构 （1） 主语+was/were+其他.（肯定句） 主语+was/were not +其他.（否定句） Was/Were +主语+其他？（一般疑问句） （2） 主语+动词过去式+其他.（肯定句） 主语+did not +动原+其他。（否定句） Did 主语+动原+其他？（一般疑问句） 常见 用法 （1） 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 eg:We went to the City Library last week. （2） 表示过去常常或反复发生的动作，常与频度副词连用。 eg:When I was a child, I often played basketball in the park. （3） 表示过去某个特定时间内一次完成的具有先后顺序的几个动作。 eg:The boy opened his eyes, looked at the window, and the cried. （4） 在since引导的时间状语从句中，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 You have been happy since I first met you. 动词过去式变化 · 规则变化： （1） 一般情况下：在动词原形后直接+ed: play-played work-worked （2） 以不发音字母e结尾的动词后+d: arrive-arrived encourage-encouraged （3） 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，将“y”变“i”+ed: study-s tydied carry- carrried （4） 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母，再+ed: stop-stopped plan-planned · 不规则变化： do-did go-went meet-met see-saw be-was/were can-could have-had 标志 词 （1） 时间段+ago （2） yesterday the day before yesterday yesterday+morning/afternoon/evening （3） last+day/night/week/month/year （4） just now in the past in 1920等one day(有一天) long long ago 3. 一般将来时 结构 （1） 主语+will+动原+其他。（肯定句） · 主语+will not/(won’t) 动原+其他。（否定句） · Will +主语+动原+其他？（一般疑问句） · Yes,主语+will. No, 主语+will not. （2） 主语+am/is/are going to +动原+其他。（肯定句） · 主语+am/is/are +not going to +动原+其他。（否定句） · Am/is/are+主语+ going to +动原+其他。（一般疑问句） · Yes, 主语 am/is/are. No, 主语+am/is/are +not. （1）“will + 动原”表示客观上势必将发生的事情，或临时做出的打算。 I will make a cake tomorrow. （2）“be going to +动原”表示说话者主观计划、打算、安排要做某事，或根据某种迹象预测某事即将发生。 eg:What are you going to do next Sunday?（主观计划） Look at the dark clouds.There is going to be a storm.（客观迹象） （3）一般将来时的特殊表达方式： ① be + 动词不定式。表示有职责，义务，可能，约定，意图等。 ② be about + 动词不定式，表示马上，很快，即将发生的动作。如：They are about to leave. ③ 一些位移动词come, go, start, move, leave等词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事情。 ④ 在由when, before, after, as soon as, until/till引导的时间状语从句和由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。 标志词 （1） tomorrow （2） next +day/night/week/month/year （3） in a week in 2030 in +一段时间 one day（某一天） in the future 4. 现在进行时 结构 主语+am/is/are+动词现在分词.（肯定句） · 主语+am/is/are+not 动词现在分词.（否定句） · Am/is/are +主语+ 动词现在分词?（一般疑问句） Yes, 主语+am/is/are. No, 主语+am/is/are not. 常见用法 （1） 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。 eg:—What are you doing? —I am reading. （2） 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。 They are studying hard this term. （3） go leave arrive start 等动词用现在进行时表示将来。 I am leaving next week. 现在分词变化形式 规则变化: （1） 一般情况下动词词尾直接+ing: play-playing be-being study-studying （2） 以不发音字母“e”结尾的动词，去“e”+ing: close-closing dance-dancing （3） 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母，再+ing: put-putting cut-cutting swim-swimming shop-shopping run-running travel-travelling prefer-preferring sit-sitting get-getting begin-beginning （4） 以字母组合“ie”结尾的动词，变“ie”为“y”+ing: lie-lying tie-lying die-dying （5）picnic-picnicking 标志词 （1） now right now （2） at present at this time at the/this moment （3） these days （4） look listen · 不能用于进行时的动词 ① 表示事实状态的动词：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等 ② 表示心理状态、态度情感的动词，如know, realize, think, see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree,等。 ③ 瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。 ④ 感官动词和系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。 5. 过去进行时 结构 主语+was/were+动词现在分词.（肯定句） · 主语+was/were+not 动词现在分词.（否定句） · Was/were +主语+ 动词现在分词?（一般疑问句） · Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+was/were not. 常见用法 （1） 表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。 He was cleaning his room at 10 yesterday. （2） 表示过去某一时间段内正在进行的动作或持续的状态。 They were playing basketball yesterday afternoon. （3） 在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个短暂性动词用一般过去时。 Students were reading aloud when the teacher came into the classroom. （4） 表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行时，不考虑动作的先后顺序，主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时，连词常用while。 I was reading books while my daughter was drawing pictures. 标志词 （1） then （2） at that time at ten yesterday at this time yesterday when while 引导的表示过去的时间状语从句 6. 现在完成时 结构 主语+have/has+ 动词过去分词+其他.（肯定句） · 主语+have/has+not 动词过去分词+其他.（否定句） · Have/has +主语+动词过去分词+其他？（一般疑问句） · Yes, 主语+have/has. No, 主语+have/has not. 常见 用法 （1） 表示过去发生的动作或者已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Tom has visited a fire station. （2） 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或者状态，也许还要持续下去，常和“for+时间段 since+时间点/过去时的句子”连用，表示持续的动作或状态多用延续性动词。 We have lived here since 2005. （3）It is / has been + 时间段since + 从句（一般过去时）。 It is five months since she graduated from the university. 动词 过去 分词 变化 · 规则变化： （1） 一般情况下：在动词原形后直接+ed: play-played work-worked （2） 以不发音字母e结尾的动词后+d: arrive-arrived encourage-encouraged （3） 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，将“y”变“i”+ed: study- studied carry- carried （4） 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母，再+ed: stop-stopped-stopped plan-planned-planned control-controlled-controlled · 不规则变化： · A-B-C型：eat-ate-eaten take-took-taken give-gave-given see-saw-seen begin-began-begun · A-B-B型：burn-burnt-burnt deal-dealt-dealt · A-B-A型：become-became-become run-ran-run · A-A-A型：cut-cut-cut put-put-put hit-hit-hit 标志 词 （1） already ever yet（到目前为止） still （2） recently lately so fay up to now （3） in the past last three years （4） since 1998 since+过去时间点 for five years for+时间段 【注意】 1、have/has been to, have/has gone to和have/has been in的区别 · have/has gone to意为“到某地去了”，说话时该人不在现场。一般只用第三人称作主语。 · have/has been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示一种经历，含有“现在已离开那儿”之意，后可接次数（如once，twice，three times等）表示“去过某地几次”，也可和just，never，ever等连用。 · have been in表示“到某地多长时间了”，常与时间段连用。 2、非延续性动词转化为延续性动词 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep open be open close be closed begin/start be on come be here go be there finish be over die be dead catch a cold have a cold put on wear wake up be awake fall asleep be asleep lose not have join be in leave be away arrive/reach be 一般现在时 1．The movie Chang’an ________ ancient Chinese poetry to life beautifully. A．brings B．brought C．will bring D．has brought 【答案】A 【详解】句意：电影《长安三万里》将中国古代诗词生动地呈现出来。 考查动词时态。此句描述的是事实情况，所以用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故选A。 2．Cindy likes playing the guitar and she always ________ an hour every evening practicing it. A．spent B．was spending C．spends D．has spent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：辛迪喜欢弹吉他，她总是每天晚上花一个小时练习。 考查动词时态。根据“likes”和“always”可知，句子时态应用一般现在时，且主语为“she”，谓语动词应用三单形式spends。故选C。 3．Many seagulls (海鸥) ________ to Kunming for the warm winter every year. A．come B．comes C．came D．will come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每年都有许多海鸥来昆明过冬。 考查时态。根据“every year”可知，此处句子用一般现在时，主语是复数名词，动词用原形，故选A。 4．We ______ different plants on the school farm as volunteers every week. Come and join us! A．care for B．will care for C．are caring for D．have cared for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们每周作为志愿者在学校农场照料不同的植物。来加入我们吧！ 考查时态。根据“every week”可知，此处表示经常重复性的动作，用一般现在时。故选A。 5．Look at the board! The train ________ at 10:20. We’d better set off right now. A．leaves B．left C．has left D．has been left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看显示屏！火车10点20分出发。我们最好马上出发。 考查时态。根据“Look at the board! The train...at 10:20”可知此处表示按照时刻表进行的动作，用一般现在时，主语是The train，谓语动词用三单。故选A。 6．I needn’t hurry up. My train ___________ for Shanghai at 10 o’clock . A．leaves B．will leave C．left D．was leaving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不需要赶时间，我的火车将在10点钟开往上海。 考查一般将来时。A. leaves离开，一般现在时；B. will leave一般将来时；C. left一般过去时；D. was leaving过去进行时。根据I needn’t to hurry up.可知此处句意为“我的火车将在10点钟开往上海。”在列车时刻表中，用一般现在时表将来，故答案选A。 7．The train ________ at 8:00 tomorrow morning. A．leave B．leaves C．will leave D．is leaving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：火车明天早上8点出发。 考查一般现在时表示将来的用法。一般现在时可以用来表示按照计划或时刻表安排的将来事件，尤其适用于交通工具（如火车、飞机等）的出发时间。“at 8:00 tomorrow morning”是将来时间，火车出发通常是按照时刻表等既定安排，所以这里用一般现在时，主语“the train”是第三人称单数，leave要用第三人称单数形式leaves。故选B。 8．Now people often ________ their jobs and have different work experiences. A．changes B．change C．changed D．will change 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在，人们经常换工作，拥有不同的工作 经历。 考查句子时态。changes改变，动词三单；change改变，动词原形；changed改变，过去式；will change将改变，一般将来时。句子时间状语为Now，且含有频率副词often经常，句子的时态为一般现在时；主语“people”是复数名词，动词需用复数形式，动词用原形，故选B。 9．Look, here ________ my English teacher. A．come B．coming C．comes D．came 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看，我的英语老师来了！ 考查倒装句。根据“here”可知，此处是倒装句，句子是一般现在时，主语my English teacher是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其三单式。故选C。 10．—Look! Here ________ Simon and Amy! —Oh, they seem smart. A．come B．comes C．is coming D．to come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！西蒙和艾米来了！——哦，他们看起来很聪明。 考查动词时态。根据句意，是叙述一件事实，时态应用一般现在时。here位于句首，句子一般用倒装语序，主语是“Simon and Amy”，可知谓语动词用复数即动词原形。故选A。 一般过去时 1．She ________ a sandwich for breakfast this morning. A．have B．has C．had D．is having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她今天早上吃了一个三明治当作早餐。 考查时态。根据“this morning”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 2．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in; is leaving B．has been to; has left C．has gone to; left D．has gone to; leaves 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好。露西在家吗？——不在，她去图书馆了。她刚才给你留了个口信。 考查时态和短语辨析。has been in在某地待了一段时间；has been to曾经去过某地（现在已不在那里）；has gone to去了某地（还没回来）。根据“No”可知露西不在家，去了图书馆还没回来，第一空用“has gone to”；根据“just now”可知第二空时态是一般过去时，用过去式“left”。故选C。 3．—May I speak to Mr Jones? —I’m sorry. He isn’t at home. He ________ fishing twenty minutes ago. A．is going B．goes C．went D．was going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以和Jones先生通话吗？——很抱歉。他不在家。他20分钟前去钓鱼了。 考查动词时态。根据“twenty minutes ago.”可知，空处时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 4．—How was your weekend? —Great! I ________ to Tianjin and visited my old friends. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你周末过得怎么样？——很棒！我去了天津，还拜访了我的老朋友。 考查动词的时态。根据“How was your weekend?”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 5．I _________ the bus to school every day when I was in primary school. A．take B．am taking C．took D．will take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我上小学的时候每天坐公共汽车上学。 考查动词时态。根据“when I was in primary school”可知，此处指过去经常性的动作，时态为一般过去时，用动词过去式。故选C。 6．Ten minutes later, a car came and ________ the old woman to hospital. A．takes B．took C．brings D．brought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：10分钟后，一辆车来了，载着那位老妇人去了医院。 考查动词辨析和时态。take带走；bring带来。根据“... the old woman to hospital”可知，是把那个老人带去了医院，故排除C和D；根据“a car came and...”可知，时态为一般过去时，故选B。 7．Sally ________ interested in outdoor photography when she entered university. A．became B．becomes C．is becoming D．will become 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当Sally进入大学时，她变得对户外摄影感兴趣。 考查时态。根据时间状语“when she entered university”可知是过去时间，因此此处需用一般过去时态描述动作。故选A。 8．—Excuse me, look at the sign “NO PHOTOS”! —Sorry, I ________ it. A．don’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．won’t see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，看“禁止拍照”的标志！——对不起，我没看到它。 考查时态。根据“Excuse me, look at the sign ‘NO PHOTOS’!”以及“Sorry”可知，动作“没看到标志”发生在过去，即拍照时未注意到，从而进行道歉，所以C项符合。故选C。 9．The Zhao family ________ happy because everyone helped them. A．feels B．felt C．feeling D．feel 【答案】B 【详解】句意：赵家人感到高兴，因为每个人都帮助他们。 考查动词时态。“because everyone helped them”表明句子时态是一般过去时，“feel”的过去式是“felt”。故选B。 10．—Excuse me, Sir. Please don’t smoke here. This is a non-smoking area. —I’m really sorry. I ________ it. A．haven’t known B．don’t know C．didn’t know D．won’t know 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰了，先生。请不要在这里吸烟。这是无烟区。——非常抱歉。我不知道。 考查一般过去时。根据“really sorry”可知，回答者在经过别人提醒后才知道这里不能吸烟，说明之前是不知道的，因此用一般过去时，故选C。 一般将来时 1．They ________ to the park tomorrow. What about you? A．go B．goes C．are going D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们明天要去公园。你呢？ 考查动词时态。根据“tomorrow”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，go to the park“去公园”，be going to do“将要做某事”。故选C。 2．If you study hard, you ________ your goals in the future. A．achieve B．achieved C．have achieved D．will achieve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你努力学习，你就会在未来实现你的目标。 考查句子时态。achieve一般现在时；achieved一般过去时；have achieved现在完成时；will achieve一般将来时。根据“If you study hard”可知，此句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，空处所在的句子为主句，用一般将来时will+动词原形。故选D。 3．—Will his parents go to see the film tomorrow? —No, ________. A．they shall not B．they aren’t C．they won’t D．they don’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他的父母明天会去看电影吗？——不，他们不会的。 考查一般疑问句和时态。根据助动词“will”可知，句子为一般将来时，否定答语用主语+won’t。故选C。 4．Tony ________ the Great Wall with his classmates next Sunday. A．visited B．visits C．will visit D．is visiting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：托尼下星期天将和他的同学们一起去参观长城。 考查时态。根据“next Sunday”可知，此处表示将来的事情，应用一般将来时。故选C。 5．There ________ a basketball match in our school next Saturday. A．is going to have B．is going to be C．are going to be D．are going to have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下周六我们学校将有一场篮球赛。 考查there be的一般将来时。there be句型不可以和have“有”连用，排除A、D选项；主语“a basketball match”是单数，be going to中的be动词用单数is，排除C选项，故选B。 6．Look at the black clouds. I think it ________ soon. A．rains B．is going to rain C．to rain D．is raining 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看那些乌云。我认为很快就要下雨了。 考查动词时态。根据“Look at the black clouds.”可知，说话者看到乌云，根据这一迹象预测很快就要下雨了，这里应该用一般将来时表示对未来情况的预测。在英语中，当有迹象表明某事即将发生时，常用“be going to”结构来表示一般将来时，主语为it，be动词用is，故选B。 7．—Why is Mike looking forward to this weekend? —Because he and his friends ________ their favorite team play basketball. A．watch B．watching C．watched D．are going to watch 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——迈克为什么这么期待这个周末？——因为他和他的朋友们要去看他们最喜欢的球队打篮球。 考查一般将来时。watch一般现在时；watching动词ing形式；watched一般过去时；are going to watch一般将来时。根据“this weekend”可知，时态是一般将来时，谓语结构为“be going to+动词原形”。故选D。 8．—Have you heard Ne Zha will go on till the end of this month! —Really? I can’t wait! I ________ tickets to enjoy the fantastic film. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．have bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听说《哪吒》要放映到这个月底吗！——真的吗？我等不及了！我要买票去看这部精彩的电影。 考查动词时态。根据“Ne Zha will go on till the end of this month”以及“I can’t wait!”可知，《哪吒》要放映到这个月底，说话者等不及了，由此可推测说话者打算去买票，应用一般将来时，will buy符合语境。故选C。 9．—Anna, please come to my party this Sunday. —Sorry, I ________ for the coming final exam this weekends. I’m very worried about it. A．prepare B．have prepared C．will prepare D．prepared 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——安娜，这个星期天请来参加我的派对。——对不起，我要为这周末的期末考试准备，我很担心。 考查时态。prepare准备，一般现在时；have prepared准备，现在完成时；will prepare准备，一般将来时；prepared准备，一般过去时。根据“this weekends”可知本句时态应为一般将来时，故选C。 10．—Do you have any plans for this weekend, Jim? —Yes, we _________ to Xixi National Wetland Park. A．go B．am going C．will go D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吉姆，这周你有什么计划吗？——是的，我们将要去西溪国家湿地公园。 考查一般将来时时态。根据“have any plans for this weekend”可知，是在问还未发生且将要发生的事情，因此用一般将来时。一般将来时谓语动词的形式为“be going to”或“will+动词原形”，主语为we，因此be动词用are。故选C。 现在进行时 1．Look! The students ________ an English class now. A．have B．had C．are having D．will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！学生们现在正在上英语课。 考查动词时态。根据句首“Look!”和句中时间状语“now”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，需用现在进行时。故选C。 2．—Where is your dad, Tom? —He ________ in the garden right now. A．works B．worked C．is working D．has worked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 汤姆，你爸爸在哪里？—— 他现在正在花园里干活。 考查动词时态。根据“right now”可知，句子描述的是当前正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，结构为am/is/are+现在分词。主语He是第三人称单数，be动词用is，work的现在分词为working。故选C。 3．— Peter, what are your class doing? —Oh, we ________ a speech about national heroes. A．will prepare B．are preparing C．prepared D．have prepared 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——彼得，你们班在做什么？——哦，我们正在准备关于国家英雄的演讲。 考查时态。根据“what are your class doing”可知，此处指动作正在发生，应用现在进行时，故选B。 4．—Jim, could you help me plant some trees in the garden? —Just a minute, Dad. I ________ my dirty shoes now. A．washed B．am washing C．have washed D．was washing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你能帮我在花园里种些树吗？  ——稍等一下，爸爸。我现在正在洗我的脏鞋子。 考查动词时态。washed洗，过去式，一般过去时；am washing正在洗，现在进行时；have washed已经洗，现在完成时；was washing正在洗，过去进行时。根据“Just a minute, Dad.”以及“now”可知，吉姆现在正在洗鞋子，强调此时此刻正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时am washing。故选B。 5．—Have you finished your project yet? —We ________ on it. There is nothing much I can say at the moment. A．have worked B．are working C．worked D．will work 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的项目完成了吗？——我们正在努力。目前我没什么可说的。 考查现在进行时。根据“We ... on it. There is nothing much I can say at the moment.”可知，强调动作正在发生，时态用现在进行时，故选B。 6．—When ________ the train ________? —In ten minutes. A．has; left B．will; be leave C．is; leaving D．did; leave 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——火车什么时候出发？——十分钟后。 考查动词时态。根据答语“In ten minutes”可知，询问的是将来的动作，火车按时刻表出发，应该用现在进行时表将来，故选C。 7．Some teenagers ________ football over there. Let’s go and join them. A．play B．played C．are playing D．were playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一些青少年正在那边踢足球。我们去加入他们吧。 考查动词时态。根据“Let’s go and join them.”可知，青少年们应该是正在踢足球，应用现在进行时：am/is/are doing。故选C。 8．Jackson ________ the piano in the hall at the moment, and he will take part in competition next Sunday. A．plays B．has played C．is playing D．will play 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰克逊此刻正在大厅里弹钢琴，他将在下周日参加比赛。 考查现在进行时。plays一般现在时；has played现在完成时；is playing现在进行时；will play一般将来时。根据“at the moment”可知，说明动作正在发生，应使用现在进行时。故选C。 9．—Listen! Some foreign artists ________ My Homeland in Chinese. —Yes. Their beautiful voices show their love for Chinese culture. A．sing B．sang C．are singing D．will sing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——听！一些外国艺术家正在用中文演唱《我的祖国》。——是的。他们美妙的嗓音展现了他们对中国文化的热爱。 考查时态辨析。根据“Listen!”可知，这里强调此时此刻正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，其结构为“be动词 + 现在分词”，“Some foreign artists”是复数，be动词用are，sing的现在分词是singing，所以用are singing，故选C。 10．—Alice, don’t ________ on the floor. —I am sorry, Mum. Look! The old hen is ________ an egg. A．lay; laying B．lie; lay C．lay; lie D．lie; laying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，不要躺在地板上。——对不起，妈妈。看啊！这只老母鸡正在下蛋。 考查动词辨析和现在进行时。lie躺；lay放置，下（蛋）。根据“on the floor”可知，第一空指，不要躺在地上，don’t后跟动词原形；第二空主语是The old hen，指老母鸡在下蛋，用现在分词，与空前的is一起构成现在进行时结构。故选D。 过去进行时 1．—I can’t get in touch with Cindy. I’m a little worried. —Take it easy. I noticed she ________ stories to the kids in the classroom when I passed by. A．tells B．is telling C．was telling D．will tell 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我联系不上Cindy。我有点担心。——别紧张。我经过时注意到她正在教室里给孩子们讲故事。 考查过去进行时。根据“...stories to the kids in the classroom when I passed by”可知，我经过时注意到她正在教室里给孩子们讲故事，强调的是过去正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选C。 2．While my mother ________ dinner, I was doing my homework. A．cooked B．cooks C．was cooking D．is cooking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我妈妈在做饭的时候，我在做作业。 考查动词时态。根据“While my mother …dinner, I was doing my homework.”可知，此处为while引导的时间状语从句，从句和主句的时态应一致，应用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing。故选C。 3．—Why didn’t you attend the speech about online learning yesterday? —I ________ all the materials in the library for my science project. A．was organizing B．will organize C．organize D．have organized 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么没参加关于在线学习的演讲？——我正在为我的科学项目整理图书馆里的所有资料。 考查过去进行时。根据“Why didn’t you attend the speech about online learning yesterday?”和“I ... all the materials in the library for my science project.”可知，我昨天没参加演讲，是因为正在整理资料。根据语境可知是过去进行时was/were doing，表示过去某个时间段正在进行的动作。故选A。 4．—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for Youth Day on May 4th. A．will practice B．practice C．am practicing D．was practicing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Helen，昨天下午五点我没在教室看到你。——哦，我当时正在为5月4日的青年节练习唱歌。    考查动词时态辨析。will practice一般将来时；practice一般现在时； am practicing现在进行时；was practicing过去进行时。根据题干中“at five yesterday afternoon”可知，动作发生在过去某一具体时间，强调当时正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时。故选D。 5．—I didn’t see you when I passed your classroom this morning. —Oh, I ________ with my math teacher in his office. A．talk B．will talk C．am talking D．was talking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天早上我经过你们教室的时候没有看到你。——噢，我当时正在我数学老师的办公室里和他聊天呢。 考查时态。根据“I didn’t see you when I passed your classroom this morning.”可知，当时经过教室没有看到“我”，是因为“我”那时正在数学老师的办公室里和他交谈，应用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选D。 6．—Amy, you didn’t answer my call. What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? —Sorry. I ________ TV at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——艾米，你没接我电话。昨晚8点你在做什么？——抱歉，我当时正在看电视。 考查过去进行时。根据“at that time”可知需用过去进行时，故选C。 7．—Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday evening? —Sorry, I ________ dinner and I didn’t hear it. A．was cooking B．cooked C．am cooking D．cook 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你昨晚为什么没接我的电话？——抱歉，我当时正在做晚饭，没听见。 考查动词时态。was cooking过去进行时；cooked一般过去时，am cooking现在进行时，cook一般现在时。根据“—Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday evening?  —Sorry, I…dinner and I didn’t hear it.”可知，句子时态是一般过去时态；而“做晚饭”是过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+现在分词，句子主语为I，用was。故选A。 8．—What were you doing at 9:00 last night? —I ________ a movie on TV. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨晚9点你在做什么？——我正在电视上看电影。 考查时态。根据“at 9:00 last night”可知，此处是回答过去的某一时刻正发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选D。 9．—Jim didn’t reply to me when I asked him some questions. —Maybe he ________ about something else. A．thought B．was thinking C．will think D．is thinking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——当我问吉姆一些问题时，他没有回答我。——可能他正在考虑其他事情。 考查动词时态。根据“Jim didn’t reply to me when I asked him some questions.”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生的事，因此用过去进行时：was/were+doing，故选B。 10．—What a heavy rain! When did it start? —I _________ on the way to my office then. A．drove B．will drive C．have driven D．was driving 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—— 好大的雨啊！什么时候开始下的？——那时我正在开车去办公室的路上。 考查动词时态。根据“then”和“When did it start?”可知，是指那时正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时。故选D。 现在完成时 1．They left for Beijing last week and we ________ them so far. A．don’t hear from B．didn’t hear from C．haven’t heard from D．won’t hear from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们上周去了北京，到现在我们还没有他们的消息。 考查时态。so far表示“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用，其构成为主语+have/has+done。故选C。 2．—Look! There is a set of keys on the ground. —Someone ________ it and he must be very worried. A．leaves B．is leaving C．has left D．will leave 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！地上有一串钥匙。——有人把它丢了，他一定很担心。 考查现在完成时。leaves一般现在时；is leaving现在进行时；has left现在完成时；will leave一般将来时。分析句子可知，“丢钥匙”这一动作发生在说话之前，且对现在造成了影响，即“地上有一串钥匙”，所以此句的时态应为现在完成时。故选C。 3．—________ you ever ________ the AI exhibition in Kunming? —Not yet. But I plan to go this weekend. A．Have; visited B．Did; visit C．Do; visit D．Are; visiting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你去过昆明的AI展览吗？——还没去，但我计划这周末去。 考查现在完成时。题干中“ever”是现在完成时的标志词，表示询问过去的经历对现在的影响，且答句“Not yet”也暗示动作可能发生在过去但与现在相关，所以用现在完成时（have/has done）。故选A。 4．—What are you going to do this weekend? —I ______ yet. A．haven’t decided B．won’t decide C．didn’t decide D．don’t decide 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个周末你打算做什么？——我还没有决定。 考查现在完成时的用法。根据“yet”可知，此处应用现在完成时表示动作对现在的影响，谓语结构为have/has done。故选A。 5．My brother ______ his homework, so he can play basketball with his friends now. A．finished B．has finished C．will finish D．finishes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我兄弟已经完成了他的作业，所以他现在可以和朋友们打篮球了。 考查现在完成时。根据“so he can play basketball now”可知，作业完成是当前能打球的前提，需用现在完成时have/has done，表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响。故选B。 6．—How long ________ you ________ this book? —For two weeks. A．have; borrowed B．have; kept C．did; borrow D．did; keep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这本书你借了多久？——两周。 考查现在完成时中的延续性动词。根据“For two weeks.”可知，问句为现在完成时，并且为持续性动作，其谓语结构是：has/have+动词的过去分词，所以第一空用have；“borrowed”是短暂性动词，不能与一段时间连用，应用“kept”。故选B。 7．—May I speak to Jane? —Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month. A．left B．has left C．has been away D．went away 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以和Jane通话吗？——抱歉，她不在家。她从上个月就离开家了。 考查现在完成时。根据“since last month”可知，本句是现在完成时，排除AD；当谓语动词和一段时间连用时，需要用延续性动词，leave对应的延续性短语是be away。故选C。 8．—When did he leave Junan? —He ________ Junan last month. He ________ for more than fifteen days. A．left; has left B．left; has been away C．has left; has been away D．has left; left 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他什么时候离开君安的？——他上个月离开了君安。他已经离开超过15天了。 考查动词时态和延续性动词的用法。left离开，动词过去式，非延续性动词；has left离开，现在完成时，非延续性动词；has been away离开，现在完成时，延续性动词。根据“last month”可知，第一空使用一般过去时，排除选项CD；根据“for more than fifteen days.”可知，句末有“for+时间段”，需用现在完成时，且动词需为持续性状态，故选B。 9．— Mr Green and Mrs Green ________ for thirty years. —Wow! No wonder they’ve made a lot of great memories together. A．have been married B．got married C．have got married D．will get married 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——格林夫妇结婚已经30年了。——哇！难怪他们在一起留下了很多美好的回忆。 考查动词时态。have been married已婚，表持续状态；got married结婚，表示过去的短暂动作；have got married错误表达；will get married将结婚，用于一般将来时。根据“for thirty years.”可知，空处需现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，marry为短暂性动词，需变成延续性词be married，主语为复数，助动词用have。故选A。 10．I ________ the school football team since I came to Soochow University and I really enjoy playing football. A．have joined B．joined C．have been in D．was in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从我来到东吴大学，我就加入了学校足球队，并且我真的很享受踢足球。 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。join加入，短暂性动词；be in加入，延续性动词。根据“since I came to Soochow University”可知，时态为现在完成时，且应用延续性动词，主语为I，助动词用have，be的过去分词为been。故选C。 真题感知 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）A lot of people in China ________ by high-speed train every year. A．travel B．traveled C．will travel D．have traveled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国每年有很多人乘坐高铁出行。 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“every year”可知，本句应用一般现在时。故选A。 2．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）To make our hometown more beautiful, we _______ many trees and flowers every year. A．plant B．are planting C．planted D．were planting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了使我们的家乡更美丽，我们每年都种很多树和花。 考查时态。根据“every year”可知，是一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形，故选A。 3．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）As we all know, the Yangtze River ________ as a “mother river” of the Chinese nation. A．knows B．knew C．is known D．was known 【答案】C 【详解】句意：众所周知，长江被誉为中华民族的“母亲河”。 考查动词时态。长江是中华民族的“母亲河”，本句阐述事实，应为一般现在时。be known as“被称为，被认为是”，固定短语。故选C。 4．（2024·北京·中考真题）—What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there. A．go B．went C．will go D．was going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你上周六做了什么？——我去了养老院，在那里做志愿者。 考查动词的时态。根据“last Saturday”可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。 5．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He ________ have breakfast because he woke up late this morning. A．does B．did C．doesn’t D．didn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他没有吃早饭，因为他今天早上起晚了。 考查动词时态。根据“woke”可知，此句是一般过去时，句中有实义动词have，结合“woke up late”可知，起晚了所以没有吃早餐，所以用助动词didn’t。故选D。 6．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师们过去常常在黑板上写关键点，但现在他们习惯于通过PPT展示。 考查非谓语动词。used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”，可排除BD选项；get used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”，可排除C选项。故选A。 7．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这个星期天，简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然。到时见。 考查动词时态。根据“this Sunday”可知，这个星期天要去野餐，事情发生在将来，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do或be doing to do。故选D。 8．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我在等一个朋友。恐怕我要晚点点餐。 考查时态。根据“I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ... later.”可知，在等朋友，所以要晚点点餐，用一般将来时will do，故选D。 9．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him. A．was B．has been C．are D．will be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——哦，不！你哥哥把伞忘在家里了。今天下午会有大雨。——别担心，妈妈。我会拿给他的。 考查动词时态。根据“this afternoon”可知是一般将来时，故选D。 10．（2024·四川·中考真题）Look at the children. They ________ kites in the park now. A．flew B．flies C．are flying D．will fly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看孩子们。他们现在正在公园放风筝。 考查时态。根据“Look at the children”以及“now”可知此处表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时am/is/are doing。故选C。 11．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）Look! The students ________ an art class in the park. A．have B．were having C．had D．are having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：看！学生们正在公园里上艺术课。 考查时态。根据“Look”可知此处表示动作正在进行，用现在进行时，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选D。 12．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Look! My sister ________ the table. Let’s give her a hand. A．set B．sets C．is setting D．was setting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！我姐姐正在摆桌子。让我们帮她一把。 考查动词时态。根据“Look”可知，姐姐正在摆桌子，动作正在发生，应为现在进行时。故选C。 13．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嗨，约翰！有什么事吗？你打电话的时候我正在洗澡。 考查过去进行时。根据“I...a shower when you called.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选C。 14．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study. A．am reading B．have read C．was reading D．will read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Amy，你昨天晚上没接我的电话。你在干什么？——对不起，我没听到铃声。我当时正在书房里读书。 考查动词的时态。read阅读；am reading现在进行时；have read现在完成时；was reading过去进行时；will read一般将来时。根据“yesterday evening”和问句“What were you doing?”可知，此处是在描述过去某一时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选C。 15．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ______ the dishes. A．wash B．washed C．am washing D．was washing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——嗨，伊森。我昨晚8点给你打电话，但你没有接。——抱歉，我当时正在洗碗。 考查动词时态。根据“at 8:00 last night”可知，此处指昨晚8点打电话时伊森正在洗碗，过去某一时间点正在做某事，应用过去进行时。故选D。 16．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Mum, I ________ the living room already. —Good job! It is so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我已经打扫了客厅。——干得好！现在很整洁。 考查时态。根据“already”以及“It is so tidy now.”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done。故选A。 17．（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）—Where’s Mr. Yang? —He ________ Longquan Mountain in Danzhai. He ________ there three times because he enjoys the local scenery. A．has gone to; has been B．has gone to; has gone to C．has been to; has gone D．has been to; has been to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——杨先生在哪里？——他去了丹寨的龙泉山。 他去过那里三次，因为他喜欢当地的风景。 考查has been to以及has gone to的区别。has gone to去了某地（未回来）；has been to去过某地（已回来）。根据“Where’s Mr. Yang”可知，杨先生不在说话地，所以是去了龙泉山，还没有回来，故第一空填has gone to，排除C和D选项。根据“three times”可知，去过三次，且there是地点副词，前不加任何介词，用has been。故选A。 18．（2017·四川眉山·中考真题）Her grandfather________ a car in 2007. He________ the car for 10 years. A．buys; has bought B．bought; has had C．buys; has had D．bought; has bought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她的祖父在2007年买了一辆车。这辆车他已经买了10年了。 考查动词时态。根据“in 2007”可知，第一个句子用一般过去时。第二个句子中for+一段时间要与现在完成时一起连用，且动词要用延续性动词，buy是短暂性动词，have是延续性动词，故选B。 19．（2018·甘肃天水·中考真题）—When will A bite of China Ⅲ begin tonight? —It ________ for ten minutes. A．will begin B．has begun C．will be on D．has been on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今天晚上《舌尖上的中国第三部》将在什么时间开始播出？——它已经开始播了有10分钟了。 考查动词的时态。根据“for ten minutes”可知，答语要用现在完成时，排除AC；且要求句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，终止系动词begin不能跟一段时间连用。故选D。 20．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year. She is taken good care of there. A．was back B．came back C．has come back D．has been back 【答案】D 【详解】句意：熊猫丫丫已经回到北京动物园一年多了。她在那里受到很好的照顾。 考查现在完成时。根据“for over one year”可知，本句应用现在完成时，排除AB；和一段时间连用，现在完成时的谓语动词需要是延续性动词，come是短暂性动词，排除C。故选D。 提升专练 1．Every Sunday morning, I ________ a jog around a park near my home. A．take B．took C．will take D．has taken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每个星期天早上, 我都会在家附近的公园里慢跑。 考查时态。根据时间状语“Every Sunday Morning”可知，慢跑这个动作是经常性、习惯性的，时态是一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形。故选A。 2．During the physics class, our teacher told us that light ________ much faster than sound. A．travel B．travels C．traveled D．traveling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在物理课上，我们的老师告诉我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。 考查时态。当表达客观真理或自然规律时，句子应用一般现在时，主语“light”是不可数名词，谓语动词应用三单形式travels。故选B。 3．Mary ________ hard every day so she has a good performance in school. A．studied B．studies C．has studied D．will study 【答案】B 【详解】句意：玛丽每天都很努力学习，所以她在学校表现很好。 考查一般现在时。studied一般过去时；studies一般现在时；has studied现在完成时；will study一般将来时。根据“ every day”可知，该用一般现在时。故选B。 4．Wang Xi and his brother ________ the dragon boat races in the village in the summer of 2023. A．take part in B．took part in C．are taking part in D．have taken part in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Wang Xi和他的弟弟在2023年夏天在村子里参加了龙舟比赛。 考查一般过去时。根据“in the summer of 2023”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，动词需要使用过去式。故选B。 5．I live in Beijing now, but I ________ in Guangzhou many years ago. A．were living B．are living C．lived D．have lived 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我现在住在北京，但许多年前我住在广州。 考查动词的时态。根据“many years ago”可知，此处是一般过去时，故动词需用其过去式。故选C。 6．—Dad, you ________ to come back earlier. But it’s midnight now! —I’m sorry, Lina. I will spend more time with you tomorrow, OK? A．promised B．are promising C．promise D．will promise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——爸爸，你答应早点回来的。但现在已经是午夜了！——对不起，丽娜。明天我会花更多的时间和你在一起，好吗？ 考查动词时态。根据“to come back earlier. But it’s midnight now!”可知，此处说的是过去答应的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选A。 7．—I wonder if John ________ next year’s talent show. —I have no idea. But I think if he ________ his class project, he will. A．joins; finishes B．will join in; will finish C．takes part in; finishes D．will take part in; finishes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想知道约翰是否会参加明年的才艺表演。——我不知道。但我想如果他完成了他的班级项目，他会的。 考查时态。第一处是if引导的宾语从句，根据“next year’s talent show”可知，用一般将来时；第二处是if引导的条件状语从句，需满足“主将从现”原则，主语是“he”，动词用三单。故选D。 8．Lisa ________ her grandparents and she expects to see them. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．has visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：丽莎将要去看望她的祖父母，并且她期待着见到他们。 考查一般将来时态。根据“Lisa...her grandparents and she expects to see them.” 可知，句中表述丽莎期待去看望祖父母，是将来要去做的事，要用一般将来时，所以使用“will visit”表示“将要看望”符合语境。故选C。 9．Leave a note, so your parents ________ about you. A．won’t worry B．don’t worry C．didn’t worry D．haven’t worried 【答案】A 【详解】句意：留张纸条，这样你的父母就不会担心你了。 考查动词时态。根据“Leave a note, so your parents...”可知，留下纸条的结果是父母不会担心你，结果还未发生，用一般将来时。故选A。 10．—I haven’t seen you these days.What are you busy with? —I ________ my English Speech Competition because the next week to do this. A．am preparing for B．prepared for C．have prepared for D．will prepare for 【答案】A 【详解】——这几天没见到你, 你在忙什么呢？——我正在为英语演讲比赛做准备, 因为下周就要进行了。 考查动词时态。根据“I haven’t seen you these days.What are you busy with?”可知, 此处是我正在为英语演讲比赛做准备，所以用现在进行时态，现在进行时态的结构是：be + doing。主语是I，所以此处be应用am。故选A。 11．—Where is Lucy? It’s time to go home now. —She ________ the school library with her classmates. A．is cleaning B．cleans C．cleaned D．was cleaning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——露西在哪？现在是时候回家了。——她正在和她的同班同学打扫学校图书馆。 考查动词的时态。根据问句“Where is Lucy? It’s time to go home now.”可知，询问的是露西现在的位置，回答应该是她正在做某事，所以要用现在进行时。故选A。 12．You ________, Frank. Don’t talk on the phone. A．will drive B．have driven C．are driving D．were driving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你在开车，弗兰克。不要打电话。 考查时态。根据“Don’t talk on the phone.”可知，让弗兰克不要打电话，说明他现在正在开车，应该用现在进行时“am/is/are+动词现在分词”，主语为You，be动词用are。故选C。 13．When I got home from school, my sister ________ for dinner, so she invited me to join her. A．goes out B．went out C．has gone out D．was going out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我放学回家时，我姐姐正要出去吃晚饭，所以她邀请我一起去。 考查时态辨析。goes out出去，一般现在时；went out出去，一般过去时；has gone out出去，现在完成时；was going out出去，过去进行时。根据句中的“When I got home from school”可知，此处指的是“我到家时姐姐正要出门”，强调过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，故选D。 14．—Look at this photo! Do you remember when it was taken? —Yeah! I ________ a cooking class back then and it was so fun. A．have B．am having C．was having D．have had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看这张照片！你还记得是什么时候照的吗？——耶！那时正在上烹饪课，真有意思。 考查过去进行时态。have，一般现在时态；am having，现在进行时态；was having，过去进行时态；have had，现在完成时态。根据“back then and it was so fun”可知要描述过去照片中正在发生的事情，用过去进行时态，选项C符合题意。故选C。 15．I didn’t see you because I ________ my homework. A．did B．do C．am doing D．was doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我没看见你是因为我在做作业。 考查动词时态。根据“I didn’t see you”可知，过去没看到对方是因为自己正在做作业，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，故选D。 16．—Where is the computer? —I ________ it because it does not work. A．sell B．am selling C．will sell D．have sold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——电脑在哪里？——我把它卖了，因为它坏了。 考查现在完成时态。根据答句“because it does not work.”以及问句询问电脑现在哪里，可知电脑已经被卖掉了，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，即现在没有电脑了，所以应该用现在完成时。选项D“have sold”表示“已经卖了”，是现在完成时态。故选D。 17．—How long have your parents ________? —For more than thirty years. A．married B．got married C．marry D．been married 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你父母结婚多久了？——30多年了。 考查现在完成时持续性动词。该句为现在完成时，动词marry和get married是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，应用延续性动词be married，故选D。 18．The famous writer ________ for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A．died B．was dying C．has died D．has been dead 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位著名的作家已经去世400年了，但他的作品现在仍然有大的影响。 考查动词时态。根据“for 400 years”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，选项核心词die为短暂性动词，需变成延续性动词be dead。故选D。 19．—Where is Jim? —He ________ to the shop. He’ll be back in an hour. A．goes B．was going C．will go D．has gone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——吉姆在哪里？ ——他去商店了。他一小时后回来。 考查动词时态。根据下文“He’ll be back in an hour.”可知，是指他去了商店，主语是He，应用现在完成时“has gone to”表示人去了还没回来。故选D。 20．—I feel so proud that Zheng Qinwen, the young Chinese tennis player, won second place in the Australian Open. —Me, too. It’s also surprising to find she ________ to seventh in her field in just few months. A．climbed B．has climbed C．is climbing D．climbs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我为年轻的中国网球运动员郑钦文在澳大利亚网球公开赛中获得第二名而感到骄傲。——我也是。同样令人惊讶的是，她在短短几个月内就攀升到了该领域的第七名。 考查现在完成时。根据“It’s also surprising to find she...to seventh in her field in just few months.”可知她在短短几个月内已经达到了第七名，这个已经完成的动作，并对现在产生了影响，应用现在完成时。其结构为have/has+过去分词，主语为she，第三人称单数，用has climbed。故选B。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$