专题06 阅读理解七选五(二)-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末真题分类汇编（新高考通用）

专题06 阅读理解七选五(二) ( 地 城 高频话题 01 科学技术 ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高一下·河北张家口·期末)Are you guilty(内疚) of bad computer habits? You might not even realize it. 1 So you should break the following bad computer habits for a healthier digital life. Snacking at the screen 2 However, crumbs(碎屑) can damage your keyboard and become a suitable place for bacteria (细菌) to grow. Touching your skin after typing on a crumb-filled keyboard might as well harm your skin. Leaving the computer on around the clock Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity. 3 Your computer and your energy bill will thank you. Marathon gaming time Gaming can be an attractive hobby, with hours flying by as you’re addicted to the screen. However, over-gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity(免疫), and even mental health issues. 4 After an hour of gaming, a 10-minute break can do wonders. Using public computers carelessly Saving passwords on your personal computer is acceptable, but doing the same on public computers is a no-no. It’s extremely easy for someone with tech to know how to get those passwords and access your personal information. Be extremely careful when using public computers. 5 So, in today’s world, where digital wellness is becoming increasingly important, let’s break bad habits and have a healthier, more mindful approach to our digital lives. A. Remember to take a rest B. Make it a habit to shut it down when you’re done for the day. C. Who doesn’t love eating snacks while looking through the web? D. However, some things you do daily can harm your tech and yourself. E. Don’t you know a little comfort now could lead to a big headache later? F. Always exit the computer and never save passwords on public machines G. It’s best to shut down your computer correctly to avoid any possible damage 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了四种不良的电脑使用习惯，包括在电脑前吃零食、长时间开机、长时间玩游戏以及不当地使用公共电脑，并指出了这些习惯对电脑和个人健康的潜在危害。文章建议为了更健康的数字生活，我们应该打破这些不良习惯。 1. 根据前文“Are you guilty (内疚) of bad computer habits? You might not even realize it.( 你有不良的电脑习惯吗？你可能都没有意识到。)”可知，此处强调的是你有诸多不良的电脑习惯，但是你本身没有意识到。D选项“However, some things you do daily can harm your tech and yourself.( 然而，你每天做的一些事情可能会伤害你的科技和你自己。)”中的something指代前文的“一些不良的电脑习惯”，这些“不良习惯”可能伤害你的科技和你自己，该选项符合语境。故选D。 2. 根据本段段旨“Snacking at the screen(对着屏幕吃零食)”可知，本段介绍的是对着电脑屏幕吃零食的坏习惯。C选项“Who doesn’t love eating snacks while looking through the web?( 谁不喜欢边上网边吃零食呢？)”与段旨呼应，符合语境。故选C。 3. 根据前文“Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity. (方便往往能带来更好的保护，但一直开着你的个人电脑或笔记本电脑会磨损它，浪费电力。)”可知，此处强调的是一直开着你的个人电脑或笔记本电脑会磨损它，浪费电力。B选项“Make it a habit to shut it down when you’re done for the day.(当你完成一天的工作时，养成关掉电脑的习惯。)”承接前文，指出针对一直开着电脑的坏习惯，此处强调应该养成关电脑的习惯，符合语境。故选B。 4. 根据前文“ However, over-gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity (免疫) , and even mental health issues.( 然而，过度游戏会导致身体和精神压力，导致睡眠不佳，免疫力下降，甚至精神健康问题。)”可知，此处强调过度游戏的消极后果。后文应该对此问题进行解决。A选项“Remember to take a rest(记得要休息)”承接前文，指出过度的游戏中要适当休息，符合语境。故选A。 5. 根据前文“Be extremely careful when using public computers. (使用公共电脑时要格外小心。)”可知，此处指出使用公共电脑要小心。后文应该给出具体建议。F选项“Always exit the computer and never save passwords on public machines(永远退出计算机，永远不要在公共计算机上保存密码)”承接前文，指出在公共计算机上不要保存自己的密码，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高一下·江苏南京·期末) Do you really want to spend your life looking at you phone? Most time-consuming apps are invented to appeal to us. 6 These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our awareness and data about what we are likely to concentrate on rather than goods or services are being sold. And we are in fact, the product operated into giving our most valuable attention away for free. 7 Instead, advertisers are. App designers draw on users by imitating techniques used by gacha(游戏抽卡), which are widely considered to be some of the most addictive online games ever to be invented. Gacha is devised to trigger the release of dopamine. The latter is a neurotransmitter in our brains that records when behaviour is worth repeating and motivates us to taste it one more time. The tricky thing about our dopamine systems is that they are non-discriminatory. 8 We may be inspired to recount that behaviour, whichever is good for us, like exercise, or harmful, like wasting an hour scrolling on TikTok. In fact, our smartphones and apps are wrapped with considerable dopamine triggers(诱因). Glowing colours are one of them. 9 The more often online activities trigger the release of dopamine, the more likely it is for those leisure entertainments to become a habit or even an addiction. Rewards are also influential triggers. Some of the most common rewards on our phones come as social affirmation, such as a thumbs-up or a comment on a post. This is why apps such as social media, the news, email, games and shopping are so effortless to lose time on. 10 So, if we don’t recognize, don’t consciously fight back, we can be easily conditioned to seek out dopamine hits from our mobile devices like lab rats trained to press a lever to get food. A. So are novel video clips and various live-streaming with melodies. B. They’re the ones with the most dopamine triggers on our bright screen. C. There are many reasons that we are attached to our phones. D. This is how their creators make a profit from the click and usage ratio. E. Suppose specific behaviour sets off the release of dopamine. F. We only experience what we pay attention to. G. We are not the actual customers of these apps. 【答案】6. D 7. G 8. E 9. A 10. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大部分的时间消耗型应用程序都属于“注意力经济”，它们通过包含许多多巴胺触发物来获得流量从而获利，但是长远看来这对我们是有害的。 6. 根据前文“Most time-consuming apps are invented to appeal to us.(大多数耗时的应用程序都是为了吸引我们而发明的。)”和后文“These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our awareness and data about what we are likely to concentrate on rather than goods or services are being sold.(这些应用程序是“注意力经济”的一部分，我们的意识和数据表明，我们可能会关注什么，而不是正在销售的商品或服务。)”可知，此处是讲耗时的应用程序是一种经济手段，被发明出来就是为了吸引消费者从而达到经济目的。选项D“这就是他们的创造者从点击和使用率中获利的方式。”指出这些应用程序的盈利方式，衔接前后文恰当。故选D。 7. 根据后文“Instead, advertisers are.(相反，广告商才是。)”可知，前文会否定一种情况，选项G“我们并不是这些应用的真正用户。”衔接后文，广告商才是这些应用的真正用户，切合文意。故选G。 8. 根据后文“We may be inspired to recount that behaviour, whichever is good for us, like exercise, or harmful, like wasting an hour scrolling on TikTok.(我们可能会受到启发，重新描述这种行为，无论是对我们有益的，比如锻炼，还是有害的，比如在TikTok上浪费一个小时。)”和前文“The tricky thing about our dopamine systems is that they are non-discriminatory.(我们的多巴胺系统的棘手之处在于它们是一视同仁的。)”可知，此处是指特定的行为会激发多巴胺的释放，选项E“假设特定的行为触发了多巴胺的释放。”假设了一种情况，衔接后文这种情况出现的具体结果，切合文意。故选E。 9. 根据前文“In fact, our smartphones and apps are wrapped with considerable dopamine triggers. Glowing colours are one of them.(事实上，我们的智能手机和应用程序都被大量的多巴胺触发物包裹着。发光的颜色就是其中之一。)”可知，此处是指手机上充斥着各种多巴胺触发物，选项A“新颖的视频剪辑和各种带旋律的直播也是如此。”与前文构成并列关系，说明新颖的视频剪辑和各种带旋律的直播也是多巴胺触发物，切合文意。故选A。 10. 根据前文“This is why apps such as social media, the news, email, games and shopping are so effortless to lose time on.(这就是为什么社交媒体、新闻、电子邮件、游戏和购物等应用程序让你毫不费力地浪费时间。)”可知，此处描述了我们会在这些应用程序上浪费大量时间的事实，选项B“在我们明亮的屏幕上，它们是触发多巴胺最多的。”解释了为什么社交媒体、新闻、电子邮件、游戏和购物等应用程序会让我们浪费大量的时间，切合文意。故选B。 Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高一下·浙江宁波·期末)Does your teenager seem addicted to the Internet? Probably yes. 11 At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children. 12 Instead of using the Internet for homework or research, they are spending hours messaging with friends, playing online games or talking to strangers in chat rooms. Keeping a healthy balance between entertainment media and other activities in their children’s lives has always been a challenge for parents. The Internet has made this challenge even more difficult. 13 However, parents are usually not aware that there is a problem until it becomes serious. This is because it is easy to hide what you are doing online and Internet addiction is not widely recognized by the medical community. Children and young people can easily become hooked on online activities such as multi-player games, instant messaging and chat rooms. The most vulnerable children are those who are unpopular or shy with peers. 14 Boys, in particular, are frequent users of online role-playing games, where they assume new identities and interact with other players. For the children who are not so outgoing, playing these games with thousands of other users may apparently be a social activity. 15 . So parents need to help children limit the online time to an appropriate amount. A. That is especially obvious when it comes to online social games. B. In fact, playing too much can further keep them away from friends and peers. C. The amount of time teenagers spend online is a source of concern for many parents. D. But numerous parents don’t discover this worrying situation and ignore it naturally. E. However, many parents soon realize that their kids were gradually becoming Internet addicts. F. The engaging nature of the Internet makes many children lose track of time when they’re online. G. They can be easily attracted to the opportunities for creating new identities in online communities. 【答案】11. C 12. E 13. F 14. G 15. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了孩子沉迷网络的现象以及父母如何让孩子远离沉迷网络。 11. 根据上文“Does your teenager seem addicted to the Internet? Probably yes.”(你的孩子似乎沉迷于网络吗？可能是的。)引出话题，提到沉迷网络。以及下文“At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children.”(起初，父母欢迎互联网进入他们的家，相信他们正在为他们的孩子打开一个令人兴奋的教育机会的新世界。)提到起初父母认为互联网带来的好处。结合选项C项The amount of time teenagers spend online is a source of concern for many parents.(青少年花在网上的时间是许多家长担心的一个问题。)可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时引起下文，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 12. 根据上文“At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children.”(起初，父母欢迎互联网进入他们的家，相信他们正在为他们的孩子打开一个令人兴奋的教育机会的新世界。)提到起初父母认为互联网带来的好处。以及下文“Instead of using the Internet for homework or research, they are spending hours messaging with friends, playing online games or talking to strangers in chat rooms.”(他们不是用互联网做作业或研究，而是花几个小时和朋友发信息，玩网络游戏或在聊天室和陌生人聊天。)提到互联网带来的负面影响。结合选项E项However, many parents soon realize that their kids were gradually becoming Internet addicts.(然而，许多家长很快就意识到他们的孩子正在逐渐成为网瘾者。)可知，承接上文内容，同时下文内容是对空格处的具体解释和说明，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选E项。 13. 根据上文“Keeping a healthy balance between entertainment media and other activities in their children’s lives has always been a challenge for parents. The Internet has made this challenge even more difficult.”(对于父母来说，在娱乐媒体和孩子生活中的其他活动之间保持健康的平衡一直是一个挑战。互联网使这一挑战变得更加困难。)提到互联网给父母带来的挑战。结合选项F项The engaging nature of the Internet makes many children lose track of time when they’re online.(互联网吸引人的本质使许多孩子上网时忘记了时间。)可知，为具体解释这一挑战和困难的原因，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选F项。 14. 根据上文“The most vulnerable children are those who are unpopular or shy with peers.”(最容易受影响的孩子是那些不受欢迎或在同龄人面前害羞的孩子。)提到最容易受影响的孩子，以及下文“Boys, in particular, are frequent users of online role-playing games, where they assume new identities and interact with other players.”(尤其是男孩，他们是在线角色扮演游戏的常客，在那里他们扮演新的身份并与其他玩家互动。)提到尤其是男孩是在线角色扮演游戏的常客。结合选项G项They can be easily attracted to the opportunities for creating new identities in online communities.(他们很容易被在网络社区中创造新身份的机会所吸引。)可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，该句中的They指的就是上文中提到的The most vulnerable children，同时下文是对空格处内容的进一步解释和说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 15. 根据上文“For the children who are not so outgoing, playing these games with thousands of other users may apparently be a social activity.”(对于那些不那么外向的孩子来说，与成千上万的其他用户一起玩这些游戏显然是一种社交活动。)提到对于外向的孩子来说是一种社交活动。以及下文“So parents need to help children limit the online time to an appropriate amount.”(所以父母需要帮助孩子限制上网时间到一个适当的量。)提到父母需要帮助孩子限制上网时间。结合选项B项In fact, playing too much can further keep them away from friends and peers.(事实上，玩得太多会让他们远离朋友和同龄人。)可知，选项中的them指代前文提到的the children who are not so outgoing，符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一下·浙江丽水·期中)Over recent years, AI has become accessible to everyone, significantly making our lives easier compared to before. However, there are risks as well as benefits. 16 Be critical(批判性). AI can do amazing things, like create images or write stories, but it does not reflect on what it is writing. It will put text together in a way that makes sense but often cannot read “between the lines”. 17 You can use this as an opportunity to develop critical thinking skills. Watch out for chatbots. Chatbots are designed to simulate(模拟) conversations as if they were another human being. But there may not be any human checks on improper content. Don’t forget that the “person”you’re speaking to is actually a machine, not a human. 18 It only shows language based on pre-written models and rules. 19 With all the focus on AI text, you might not notice that pictures and videos are also part of the AI. Your photos and facial image become available to AI when uploaded, which makes it harder to protect your identity. So be careful about your privacy and always remember that any data you upload to the internet can be stored, scanned and processed by AI. However, the developments in this field are highly exciting. And with open policy conversations and some oversight, AI can be a powerful learning and engagement tool. - 20 A. Understand AI’s limitations. B. Pay attention to visual uploads. C. It does not share your ideals, beliefs, culture or religion. D. If left unaccompanied, chatbots could feed into your curiosity. E. Here are three things you can keep in mind as you use AI in everyday life. F. This means every word, sentence that AI creates should be treated carefully. G. The potential benefits that could arise from using this technology are endless. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. B 20. G 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人工智能(AI)在日常生活中的利与弊，并提出了在使用AI时应注意的事项。 16. 根据上文“Over recent years, AI has become accessible to everyone, significantly making our lives easier compared to before. However, there are risks as well as benefits.(近年来，每个人都可以接触到人工智能，与以前相比，人工智能大大简化了我们的生活。然而，有风险也有好处)”可知，上文提到人工智能的好处，指出有好处也有风险。选项E“Here are three things you can keep in mind as you use AI in everyday life.(以下是你在日常生活中使用AI时可以记住的三件事)”承上启下，延续上文内容，指出我们在使用AI时需要注意的事项。故选E。 17. 根据空前内容“It will put text together in a way that makes sense but often cannot read “between the lines”.(它会以一种有意义的方式把文本放在一起，但往往不能“读字里行间”)”可知，AI创作的文本只是以一种有意义的方式把文本放在一起，但往往不能“读字里行间”。选项F“This means every word, sentence that AI creates should be treated carefully.(这意味着人工智能创造的每一个单词、句子都应该被仔细对待)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是我们需要谨慎对待AI创作的文本。故选F。 18. 根据空前内容“Don’t forget that the “person” you’re speaking to is actually a machine, not a human.(别忘了，和你说话的“人”实际上是一台机器，而不是一个人)”可知，我们需要牢记与自己说话的是一台机器。而根据下文“It only shows language based on pre-written models and rules.(它只显示基于预先写好的模型和规则的语言)”指出与我们说话的机器只显示基于预先写好的模型和规则的语言。选项C“It does not share your ideals, beliefs, culture or religion.(它不认同你的理想、信仰、文化或宗教)”与下文内容相符，共同指出与我们说话的是机器而不是人。故选C。 19. 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“With all the focus on AI text, you might not notice that pictures and videos are also part of the AI. Your photos and facial image become available to AI when uploaded, which makes it harder to protect your identity. So be careful about your privacy and always remember that any data you upload to the internet can be stored, scanned and processed by AI.(所有的焦点都在人工智能文本上，你可能没有注意到图片和视频也是人工智能的一部分。你的照片和面部图像在上传后就会被人工智能获取，这使得保护你的身份变得更加困难。所以要小心你的隐私，永远记住你上传到互联网上的任何数据都可以被人工智能存储、扫描和处理)”可知，我们要小心传到互联网上的图片和视频。选项B“Pay attention to visual uploads.(注意视觉上传)”与本段内容相符，指的是要小心我们上传的各种图片和视频等。故选B。 20. 根据空前内容“And with open policy conversations and some oversight, AI can be a powerful learning and engagement tool.(通过公开的政策对话和一些监督，人工智能可以成为一个强大的学习和参与工具)”可知，人工智能如果有监督，会成为一个强大的学习和参与工具。选项G“The potential benefits that could arise from using this technology are endless.(使用这项技术可能产生的潜在好处是无穷无尽的)”延续上文内容，指出人工智能有很多潜在的好处。故选G。 Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高一下·安徽安庆·期末)We’ve all heard the standard advice for lifting ourselves out of an unfavorable mood(情绪). Here are some novel ideas beyond that. 21 We all sometimes find activities we enjoy but then unaccountably stop doing them. Pick up an activity you typically enjoy but haven’t done in the past six months. This could be, for example, visiting a park you used to like to walk around, or tending a plant you’ve previously grown. Rewrite a story. We all have stories that get us down. For instance, “I should’ve done X better,” or “X was my fault.” Often, we have replayed the story so many times that we begin to see the story as fact. 22 Come up with other explanations for the causes or results of what has happened. Take a highly creative approach to a task. For example, my kid is currently learning about the 50 states. 23 A more creative way might be to ask individuals which state they grew up in and engage in a conversation about that. Solve a problem in a much simpler way. 24 It can pull down your mood and energy. It’s necessary to identify a much simpler way to solve a problem that’s populating your to-do list. For example: give something away rather than cleaning or storing it. Throw out a “must” thought. It can be a huge mental relief. You can even do this physically. Write the thought on a piece of paper and put it out with your trash! Or type out the thought and strike through it. 25 A. Then write a replaceable item. B. Start with a behavioral strategy. C. Rediscover a forgotten pleasure. D. A common way to do this is a postcard exchange. E. Having hanging items on your to-do list can feel weighty. F. Yet it’s never too late to recompose a story about your own behavior. G. Use what you already own to solve a problem rather than searching for a new resource. 【答案】21. C 22. F 23. D 24. E 25. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章旨在提供了一些新颖的建议，帮助人们从不利的情绪中解脱出来。 21. 根据后文“We all sometimes find activities we enjoy but then unaccountably stop doing them. Pick up an activity you typically enjoy but haven’t done in the past six months. This could be, for example, visiting a park you used to like to walk around, or tending a plant you’ve previously grown.( 有时候，我们都会找到自己喜欢的活动，但后来却莫名其妙地停止了。选择一项你通常喜欢但在过去六个月里没有做过的活动。这可以是，例如，去一个你以前喜欢散步的公园，或者照顾一棵你以前种过的植物。)”可知，本段提到我们有时都会发现自己喜欢的活动，但却莫名其妙地停止了。选择一项你通常喜欢但在过去六个月内没有做过的活动。后边举例重新做回喜欢的事。所以，C项“Rediscover a forgotten pleasure.(重新发现被遗忘的快乐)”符合题意。故选C。 22. 本段主题句是“Rewrite a story. (重写故事)”。同时根据空格前的句子“Often, we have replayed the story so many times that we begin to see the story as fact. (通常，我们把故事重复播放了太多次，以至于我们开始把故事当成事实。)”可知，我们经常因为自己的行为自责，而且多次重复这种负面想法，就会把这看做是事实。F选项“Yet it’s never too late to recompose a story about your own behavior.( 然而，重新编一个关于你自己行为的故事永远不会太晚。)”承接前文，指出可以重新编一个关于你自己行为的故事，这样就不会让自己一直受到自己之前所认为的负面故事造成影响。故选F。 23. 根据后文的内容“A more creative way might be to ask individuals which state they grew up in and engage in a conversation about that.( 一种更有创意的方法可能是询问个人他们是在哪个州长大的，并就此展开对话。)”可知，此处介绍的是一个更有创意的想法，设空处应该给出一个普通的做法与此形成对比。所以，D项“A common way to do this is a postcard exchange.(一种常见的方法是交换明信片)”符合题意。故选D。 24. 根据空格后的“It can pull down your mood and energy.(它会降低你的情绪和精力。)”可知，空格处是一个拉低你的情绪和精力的不好的做法。同时再根据后文“It’s necessary to identify a much simpler way to solve a problem that’s populating your to-do list. (有必要确定一个更简单的方法来解决你的待办事项清单上的问题。)”可知，此处强调的是要确定一个更简单的方法来解决自己代办事项清单上的问题。 E选项“Having hanging items on your to-do list can feel weighty.(待办事项清单上挂着的事项会让你感觉很重。)”引起下文，强调待办事项清单上让你感觉很重，并且降低你的情绪和精力，由此要用一个更简单的方法来解决自己代办事项清单上的问题。故选E。 25. 本段主题句是“Throw out a “must” thought. (“扔掉一个’必须’的想法”)”。同时根据空格前的内容“Write the thought on a piece of paper and put it out with your trash! Or type out the thought and strike through it.( 把你的想法写在一张纸上，和你的垃圾一起扔出去!或者把你的想法打出来，然后划掉。)”可知，此处列举的是一系列行为，包括把你的想法写在一张纸上，然后和你的垃圾一起扔出去，以及把想法打出来，然后把它划掉，设空处应该顺延这个动作。A项“Then write a replaceable item.(然后写一个可替换的项目)”符合题意。故选A。 Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高一下·安徽蚌埠·期末)Some multi-story(多层) buildings are designed with a “soft” level that offers significantly less support than the levels above or below it. These buildings are called soft-story buildings. These floors cannot deal with the destructive forces caused by an earthquake. 26 This will cause what is known as the “soft-story collapse(倒塌)”. Soft-story buildings are characterized by having a story that has a lot of open space. 27 Hotels and office buildings can also have soft stories. Large retail space(零售空间) or floors with a lot of windows are common in such buildings. If a building has a floor that is 70% less firm than the floor above it, it is considered a soft-story building. This soft story creates a major weak point in an earthquake. Soft stories are classically associated with retail space and parking garages. 28 When they collapse, they can make the whole building fall with them, sometimes making the structure unusable. 29 When builders apply for a permit to build a new structure, engineers may analyze the plans to ensure that no soft stories are built in. If the building department decides that the building will be structurally unsound in a quake, recommendations for improving the design may be included in the rejection (拒绝) letter. Older buildings are of great concern to building departments and emergency services in areas where earthquakes are common. 30 Such projects may be relatively inexpensive, especially when compared with the cost of replacing a soft-story building after it collapses. A. As a result, the soft story may fall. B. A building with a soft story is similar. C. A collapsing building is very dangerous. D. So they are often on the lower stories of a building. E. Parking garages, for example, are often soft stories. F. These buildings are often in need of improvement to make them safer. G. Many areas in an earthquake zone have exact building rules about soft-story buildings. 【答案】26. A 27. E 28. D 29. G 30. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了软层建筑的概念及其在地震中的脆弱性。软层建筑是指那些在某一层或多层楼板结构强度远低于其他楼层的多层建筑。这种建筑在地震中容易发生软层倒塌，造成严重的后果。文章提到了软层建筑的特点，常见于零售空间和停车场等有大量开放空间的楼层，并讨论了软层建筑在地震区的建筑规范和改善措施。 26. 根据上文“These floors cannot deal with the destructive forces caused by an earthquake(这些楼层无法应对地震造成的破坏力)”可知，接下来会说明这种情况导致的结果，A选项“As a result, the soft story may fall.(结果，软楼层可能会倒塌)”符合语境，故选A项。 27. 上文“Soft-story buildings are characterized by having a story that has a lot of open space.(软楼层建筑的特点是有一层有很多开放空间)”提到软楼层建筑的特点是有一层有很多开放空间，结合下文“Hotels and office buildings can also have soft stories.(酒店和办公楼也可能有软楼层)”可知，空处和下文并列，都举例说明设置软楼层的场所，E选项“Parking garages, for example, are often soft stories.(例如，停车场通常是软楼层)”符合语境，故选E项。 28. 根据上文“Soft stories are classically associated with retail space and parking garages.(软楼层通常与零售空间和停车场有关)”和下文“When they collapse, they can make the whole building fall with them, sometimes making the structure unusable.(当它们倒塌时，它们可以使整个建筑物随之倒塌，有时使结构无法使用)”可知，软楼层通常与零售空间和停车场有关，倒塌时会导致整个大楼随之倒塌，说明软楼层位于较低的楼层，D选项“So they are often on the lower stories of a building.(所以它们通常在建筑物的较低楼层)”，符合逻辑，故选D项。 29. 根据下文“When builders apply for a permit to build a new structure, engineers may analyze the plans to ensure that no soft stories are built in(当建筑商申请建造新建筑的许可证时，工程师可能会分析计划，以确保没有建造软楼层)”可知，此处引出了关于软楼层建筑的规则，G选项“Many areas in an earthquake zone have exact building rules about soft-story buildings.(地震区的许多地区都有关于软楼层建筑的确切建筑规则。)”符合语境，故选G项。 30. 根据上文“Older buildings are of great concern to building departments and emergency services in areas where earthquakes are common(在地震频繁的地区，老建筑是建筑部门和应急服务部门非常关注的问题)”可知此处提到了老建筑需要改进的情况，F选项“These buildings are often in need of improvement to make them safer.(这些建筑往往需要改进以使其更安全)”，符合语境，故选F项。 Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末)In the 1960s and 1970s, some writers and university professors called themselves “futurists”. These futurists tried to forecast the future. 31 The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. 32 Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. We can also ask the real experts: the scientists and engineers who are bringing us these advances. Because so much of our daily life will be integrated with computers, virtual reality will become an actual, real reality for many of us. This virtual world will at times seem as real as — if not more real than — the actual world around us. Without leaving home, you will be able to take tours of foreign countries, or even get a medical exam by a doctor in another city. 33 There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. Much research is being done to unlock the human mind. Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. 34 For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. These artificial hands are connected to a person’s nerves so that the person’s brain tells the hands what to do. As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. 35 We should all eagerly view the future as a great adventure — a new world waiting to be explored. Who knows exactly what we will find? A. Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. B. That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. C. Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. D. Artificial hands are made stronger and faster than human ones and work very well. E. Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. F. Many new parts will be made to replace broken human body ones. G. This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. 【答案】31. C 32. G 33. A 34. E 35. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了二十世纪六七十年代未来主义者对未来的预测及其局限性，并指出我们可以通过观察当前的科学和技术进步，并咨询真正的专家，可以更好地猜测未来技术的发展，虚拟现实、医学进步和机器人技术将成为未来生活的关键部分。 31. 前文“These futurists tried to forecast the future. (这些未来学家试图预测未来。)”提到未来学家想预测未来，后文“The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. (问题是这些未来学家都不是科学家或工程师。所以，虽然他们知道未来会有更强大的电脑，但他们不知道这些电脑会是什么样子，它们能做什么，或者它们会对我们的生活产生什么影响。)”指出未来学家预测未来所存在的问题，他们的职业导致他们无法预测电脑的具体形态和影响，因此C项“Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. (他们的预测中只有少数是正确的，而且他们都错过了计算机革命。)”符合语境，介绍未来学家预测的对错情况，承前启后，后文是对选项内容的解释，其中的their指代前文的These futurists。故选C。 32. 前文“So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. (所以，虽然他们知道未来会有更强大的电脑，但他们不知道这些电脑会是什么样子，它们能做什么，或者它们会对我们的生活产生什么影响。)”指出未来学家无法预测电脑的具体形态和影响，后文“Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. (话虽如此，我们可以通过观察当前的科学和技术进步来对未来的技术做出一些好的猜测。)”涉及转折，指出实际上是可以对未来做出好的猜测的，因此G项“This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. (这将使我们在尝试预测未来之前犹豫。)”符合语境，提到我们会对预测未来有犹豫，是前文提到的情况的后果，和后文构成转折。故选G。 33. 后文“There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. (例如，现在已经有一种技术可以让盲人通过摄像头看到东西，聋哑人通过与大脑相连的麦克风听到声音。未来的技术将使人们能够战胜各种身体残疾。)”主要介绍医学上的科技进步，说明人们有可能在未来解决各种身体残疾的问题，因此A项“Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. (说到医学，脑损伤的人将能够找到新的希望。)”符合语境，提到脑损伤有望得到治疗，契合段落内容。故选A。 34. 前文“Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. (利用目前正在开发的技术，未来的人们不仅可以读懂别人的思想，还可以像录制电影一样记录他们的想法。)”提到未来的技术有望解读和记录人的想法，后文“For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. (例如，机器人手是为没有手的人开发的。)”举出机器人手的例子，介绍其可以发挥人手的功能，因此E项“Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. (其他一些研究涉及使用机器人技术来替代人类的功能。)”符合语境，提到技术应用的其他领域，涉及用机器人技术的替代功能，和前文是递进关系，后文的例子是选项内容的具体说明。故选E。 35. 前文“As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. (由于这些进步，在未来，一些严重受伤的人可能会变得更像机器人而不是人类。)”指出技术进步将让严重受伤的人变得更像机器人，因此B项“That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. (也就是说，他们的大脑将控制他们的机器人身体部位，这样他们就可以正常地生活。)”符合语境，具体解释这类人的生活方式，说明他们的机器人身体部位会受大脑控制，承接前文。故选B。 Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东聊城·期末)Gift baskets are a popular gift choice. The key idea behind such a basket is that you are giving someone several smaller gifts instead of a larger one. 36 And the entire package is attractively wrapped in cellophane(玻璃纸). Gift baskets are almost always themed. They can be tailored to the recipients’(接受者) interests. Books and pens can be given to a writer. New lipstick and nail polish colors are always good choices for a make-up enthusiast. 37 A gift basket doesn’t have to be a basket. 38 This can be a chance to really highlight the theme. A gift basket for a gardening enthusiast could consist of seed packets, a nice pair of work gloves and a new gardening tool inside a terracotta pot or a watering can. For a movie fan, wrap a few DVDs and some popcorn in a fun serving bowl. 39 Pre-made gift baskets sit on the shelf already wrapped and ready for purchase. This is gift-giving at its easiest. Besides, some stores also offer gift baskets created right before your eyes. They allow you to select the items you would like in your basket, and then they’ll arrange and wrap the items for you. What’s more, you can also bring the contents home and make baskets only by yourself. Homemade ones allow you to have total control over the design. Whether you create the gift baskets by your-self or not, they are excellent presents for any occasion. 40 They can be a unique way to express your appreciation and thoughtfulness and are sure to make the recipients feel special and appreciated. A. Any container will do. B. Not everyone likes small gift baskets. C. These small items are usually packed in a container. D. So don’t forget to make some for those you care about. E. The best containers can be used long after the contents are gone. F. Whatever they look like, gift baskets can be separated into three types. G. These highly personalized baskets can make recipients especially enjoy receiving them. 【答案】36. C 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了礼品篮的设计理念，它们作为礼物是独特的和受欢迎的。 36. 根据上文的“Gift baskets are a popular gift choice. The key idea behind such a basket is that you are giving someone several smaller gifts instead of a larger one. (礼品篮是一种流行的礼物选择。这种篮子背后的关键思想是，你给别人的是几个小礼物，而不是一个大礼物。)”和下文的“And the entire package is attractively wrapped in cellophane.(整个包裹是用玻璃纸包装的。)”可知，C项(这些小物品通常装在一个容器里。)承接上文，说明了你给别人的小物品是装在礼品篮里面的，下文指出礼品篮的外在包装材料，故选C项。 37. 根据上文的“Gift baskets are almost always themed. They can be tailored to the recipients’ interests. Books and pens can be given to a writer. New lipstick and nail polish colors are always good choices for a make-up enthusiast.(礼品篮几乎都是有主题的。它们可以根据收件人的兴趣进行定制。书和笔可以送给作者。对于化妆爱好者来说，新的口红和指甲油颜色总是不错的选择。)”可知，G项(这些高度个性化的篮子会让收礼者特别喜欢收到它们。)承接上文，说明了按照收件人的喜好定制的礼品篮能够让他们特别享受，故选G项。 38. 根据上文的“A gift basket doesn’t have to be a basket. (礼品篮不一定非得是篮子。)”和下文的“This can be a chance to really highlight the theme. A gift basket for a gardening enthusiast could consist of seed packets, a nice pair of work gloves and a new gardening tool inside a terracotta pot or a watering can. For a movie fan, wrap a few DVDs and some popcorn in a fun serving bowl.(这是一个真正突出主题的机会。送给园艺爱好者的礼物篮可以包括种子包、一副漂亮的工作手套和一个装在陶土花盆或喷壶里的新园艺工具。对于一个电影迷来说，在一个有趣的碗里包几张DVD和一些爆米花。)”可知，A项(任何容器都可以。)承接上文，说明了礼品篮不一定非得是篮子，可以是任意的容器，下文指出了不同的礼品需要放在不同的容器中才是合适的，才能突出礼品的独特，故选A项。 39. 根据下文的“Pre-made gift baskets sit on the shelf already wrapped and ready for purchase. This is gift-giving at its easiest. Besides, some stores also offer gift baskets created right before your eyes. They allow you to select the items you would like in your basket, and then they’ll arrange and wrap the items for you. What’s more, you can also bring the contents home and make baskets only by yourself. Homemade ones allow you to have total control over the design.(预制的礼品篮放在架子上，已经包装好，准备消费者购买。这是最简单的送礼方式。此外，一些商店还提供在你眼前制作的礼篮。他们允许你在篮子里选择你想要的东西，然后他们会为你整理和包装这些东西。更重要的是，你也可以把里面的东西带回家，自己做篮子。自制的可以让你完全控制设计。)”可知，本段指出礼品篮共有三种类型，即提前制作的礼品篮、现场制作的礼品篮以及个人自主设计的礼品篮，因此F项(不管礼品篮是什么样子，它们可以分为三种类型。)能够作为本段的主题句，故选F项。 40. 根据上文的“Whether you create the gift baskets by your-self or not, they are excellent presents for any occasion. (无论你是否自己制作礼品篮，它们都是适合任何场合的绝佳礼物。)”和下文的“They can be a unique way to express your appreciation and thoughtfulness and are sure to make the recipients feel special and appreciated.(它们可以是一个独特的方式来表达你的感激和体贴，一定会让接受者感到特别和感激。)”可知，D项(所以别忘了为你关心的人做一些。)承接上文，说明了自制礼品篮也是好礼物，下文对自制礼品篮的好处做出了评价，因此别忘了为你关心的人做一些，故选D项。 Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖南张家界·期末) How to pack the materials for camping Everyone needs a break from everyday life. Camping can be a great way to get outdoors and surround yourself with nature. 41 Bring a tent. 42 It should also be light and easy for transport. If it’s supposed to rain at all while you’re camping, make sure your tent has a rain cover so you don’t get wet while you’re sleeping. Some campsites or outdoor stores may offer tent rentals if you don’t have a tent you can use. Choose a sleeping bag. Sleeping bags have different ratings to determine the temperature at which they can keep you warm and comfortable. Check the weather at the campgrounds and determine what the lowest temperatures are so you know which sleeping bag to bring along. 43 But if you’re camping in cooler months, you may need something thicker. 44 Many times, a campfire is your only heat source while you’re camping, so some foods may not cook as easily as others. Look for foods that you can cook, such as hot dogs, vegetables and meats, since they’re the easiest to hold over an open fire. Pack a basic survival kit. 45 It includes items like pocket knives, flashlights, first aid supplies and multipurpose tools, so you can stay safe while you’re camping. You can either buy a prepackaged camping survival kit or you can make your own and carry it in a toolbox. A. Prepare food that’s easy to cook. B. Use a cooler to keep food cold. C. It should be large enough for you and your things. D. Look at an outdoor store for different types of tents. E. If you’re camping in summer, you can use a thin sleeping bag. F. Make sure you have a survival kit in case there’s an emergency. G. When you start planning your trip, make sure to pack the materials you need. 【答案】41. G 42. C 43. E 44. A 45. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了露营所需携带物品的打包方法，包括帐篷、睡袋、食物选择和基础生存工具等。 41. 根据前文“Everyone needs a break from everyday life. Camping can be a great way to get outdoors and surround yourself with nature.(每个人都需要从日常生活中休息一下。露营是一种很好的户外活动方式，让你置身于大自然之中。)”可知，此处提到每个人都需要从日常生活中休息一下，露营是一种很好的户外活动方式，所以第一空应该是对打包露营材料的总述。G选项“When you start planning your trip, make sure to pack the materials you need.(当你开始计划你的旅行时，一定要打包你需要的材料。)”引出文章介绍的主题即露营时打包材料，符合语境，故选G。 42. 根据空前“Bring a tent.(带一个帐篷)”，可知本段的段旨为带帐篷，后文应该对帐篷进行描述。C选项“It should be large enough for you and your things.( 它应该足够大，可以放得下你和你的东西。)”中的it指代前文中的tent，同时指出帐篷应该足够大，符合语境。故选C。 43. 根据前文“Choose a sleeping bag. (选择一个睡袋。)”可知，此处建议选择一个睡袋。同时根据后文“But if you’re camping in cooler months, you may need something thicker.( 但如果你在凉爽的月份露营，你可能需要更厚的东西。)”可知，后面提到如果你在较冷的月份露营，你可能需要更厚的睡袋。E选项“If you’re camping in summer, you can use a thin sleeping bag.(如果你在夏天露营，你可以用一个薄睡袋。)”与后文的情况形成对比，即如果在夏天可以使用一个薄的睡袋，符合语境。故选E。 44. 设空处为本段的段旨即本段的小标题。根据后文“Many times, a campfire is your only heat source while you’re camping, so some foods may not cook as easily as others. (很多时候，营火是你露营时唯一的热源，所以有些食物可能不像其他食物那么容易煮熟。)”可知，露营时火堆往往是唯一的取暖源，所以有些食物可能不容易煮熟，所以需要准备一些容易烹饪的食物。A选项“Prepare food that’s easy to cook.( 准备容易烹饪的食物。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选A。 45. 根据本段段旨“Pack a basic survival kit.(带上基本的救生包。)”可知，本段强调带上一个救生包。F选项“Make sure you have a survival kit in case there’s an emergency.(确保你有一个救生包，以防发生紧急情况。)”与段旨呼应，强调的是确保准备一个救生包，以防紧急情况，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Have you ever started a new task at work, only to be distracted(干扰) by a ding on your phone? Or perhaps you’re in the middle of a report, and your mind starts to wander to what you’ll have for dinner. If you find yourself familiar with any of these scenes, don’t worry. 46 Now let’s explore the reasons behind these distractions. Our brains are naturally easy to be distracted. They are wonderfully complex machines designed to absorb new information and adapt to our environment. 47 They always quickly change our attention to the new stimulus(刺激), causing us to lose focus on our current task. 48 It’s fortunate for us to have access to technology and the Internet, which provide a wealth of resources for learning, connecting, and entertaining ourselves. But this blessing is double-edged. The tools that help improve productivity can also lead to distractions. We have a short attention span(持续时间). 49 It’s said that our attention span has a cap, much like the limit on a fuel tank(油箱). And once we hit that upper limit, our focus begins searching for other limits, like a traveler eager for new landscapes. In our daily life, distractions come in many forms and the sources of distractions can vary widely. The path to a more focused and productive life isn’t necessarily about removing all distractions. It’s an impossible task in this age of information. 50 A. We live in a world full of distractions. B. We have poor time management skills. C. But this strength can also be a weakness. D. This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest. E. Regaining your focus might be harder than you think. F. You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine. G. Instead, learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively. 【答案】46. F 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. G 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了注意力不集中的理由并给出了措施。 46. 前文“Have you ever started a new task at work, only to be distracted (干扰) by a ding on your phone? Or perhaps you’re in the middle of a report, and your mind starts to wander to what you’ll have for dinner. If you find yourself familiar with any of these scenes, don’t worry.(你是否曾经在工作中开始了一项新任务，却被手机铃声分散了注意力?或者你正在写一份报告，你的思绪开始游荡到晚餐吃什么。如果你发现自己熟悉这些场景中的任何一个，不要担心。)”说明如果做事情的时候分心了，不要担心，因此推断空处应是说明理由，后文“你只是一个比你想象的大得多的群体中的一员。”符合语境，与前文是因果关系。故选F。 47. 前文“They are wonderfully complex machines designed to absorb new information and adapt to our environment.(它们是非常复杂的机器，旨在吸收新信息并适应我们的环境。)”说明大脑是用来吸收新信息的机器，后文“They always quickly change our attention to the new stimulus(刺激), causing us to lose focus on our current task.(它们总是迅速将我们的注意力转移到新的刺激上，导致我们失去对当前任务的关注。)”说明大脑的弱点，容易分散注意力，前后文是转折关系，因此推断C项“但这种优势也可能是劣势。”符合语境，承上启下，前文是大脑的优势，下文是劣势。故选C。 48. 空处为段落标题，根据后文“It’s fortunate for us to have access to technology and the Internet, which provide a wealth of resources for learning, connecting, and entertaining ourselves. But this blessing is double-edged. The tools that help improve productivity can also lead to distractions.(我们很幸运能够接触到科技和互联网，它们为我们学习、交流和娱乐提供了丰富的资源。但这是一把双刃剑。有助于提高工作效率的工具也可能导致分心。)”说明科技和互联网是一把双刃剑，尽管有助于提高工作效率，但是也导致分心，因此推断A项“我们生活在一个充满分心的世界。”为最佳标题。故选A。 49. 根据标题“We have a short attention span(持续时间).(我们的注意力持续时间很短。)”可知，本段讲述我们的注意力持续时间比较短，因此推断D项“这并不一定是因为缺乏兴趣。”符合语境，说明我们的注意力持续时间短的理由，下文讲述了真正可能的理由“It’s said that our attention span has a cap, much like the limit on a fuel tank(油箱). And once we hit that upper limit, our focus begins searching for other limits, like a traveler eager for new landscapes.(据说我们的注意力持续时间是有上限的，就像油箱的极限一样。一旦我们达到了这个上限，我们的注意力就会开始寻找其他的极限，就像一个渴望新风景的旅行者一样。)”。故选D。 50. 前文“The path to a more focused and productive life isn’t necessarily about removing all distractions. It’s an impossible task in this age of information.(通往更专注、更有成效的生活的道路并不一定要消除所有的干扰。在这个信息时代，这是一项不可能完成的任务。)”说明消除所有的干扰是不可能的，因此推断下文给出解决办法，因此推断G项“相反，学会承认并有效地管理它们。”符合语境，与前文是转折关系。故选G。 ( 地 城 高频话题 02 人与动植物 / 灾害防范 ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东肇庆·期末)City gardens are unique spots in busy cities. Who would not like to take a break from the busy life and visit these peaceful places full of life and colours? 1 They take care of the gardens and turn them into colourful places for all to enjoy. Gardens are reminders that we should slow down and appreciate the beauty of nature. 2 There, the wind hits gently on your face while carrying a refreshing fragrance(香味) of flowers. Sounds calm, right? The sound of nature calms the mind like the little bees humming or leaves whispering to each other in the mild wind. 3 It’s as if they’re telling softly stories of the earth’s wonders for those who care and love to listen to them. These places aren’t just pretty; they are a perfect place to hang out with your family or friends. They are like community centers where everyone is welcome to chat, play games, exercise, and do whatever their heart desires. 4 You can plant your own garden in the backyard and enjoy its quietness. It is scientifically proven that spending time around the greens can affect your mood(心情) positively and help you get mental peace. Everyone should visit city gardens monthly for a peaceful break. Whenever you’re feeling stressed, go to relax in nature. And when you do, don’t forget to give a nod to the gardening service teams. 5 A. They’re making it all possible. B. Imagine walking in a city garden. C. It’s like nature’s own conversation. D. That’s where gardeners are discovered. E. Gardening is nothing less than a treatment. F. What makes them even more special are the gardeners. G. It’s easy to keep these gardens good-looking and lively. 【答案】1. F 2. B 3. C 4. E 5. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了城市花园在现代都市生活中的重要性和多重益处。 1. 由上文“City gardens are unique spots in busy cities. Who would not like to take a break from the busy life and visit these peaceful places full of life and colours?(城市花园是繁忙城市中的独特景点。谁不想从繁忙的生活中休息一下，参观这些充满生机和色彩的宁静之地呢？)”可知，这里主要讲城市花园的魅力，而F项What makes them even more special are the gardeners.(让它们更特别的是园丁。)符合语境，其中them指代上文City gardens，the gardeners也与下文They对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选F项。 2. 由下文“There, the wind hits gently on your face while carrying a refreshing fragrance(香味) of flowers. Sounds calm, right?(在那里，风轻轻地吹在你的脸上，同时带着清新的花香。听起来很平静，对吧？)”可知，这里主要讲花园中的风景，而B项Imagine walking in a city garden.(想象一下在城市花园里散步。)符合语境，其中in a city garden与下文There对应，有启下作用。故选B项。 3. 由上文“The sound of nature calms the mind like the little bees humming or leaves whispering to each other in the mild wind.(大自然的声音让心灵平静下来，就像小蜜蜂在微风中嗡嗡作响或树叶在窃窃私语。)”可知，这里主要讲大自然对心灵的作用，而C项It’s like nature’s own conversation.(这就像大自然自己的对话。)符合语境，其中It代指上文The sound of nature，有承上作用。故选C项。 4. 由下文“You can plant your own garden in the backyard and enjoy its quietness. It is scientifically proven that spending time around the greens can affect your mood(心情) positively and help you get mental peace.(你可以在后院种植自己的花园，享受它的宁静。科学证明，花时间在果岭周围可以积极影响你的情绪，帮助你获得心理平静。)”可知，本段提出建议，鼓励人们自己种植花园，并提到这样做对心情有积极影响。而E项Gardening is nothing less than a treatment.(园艺就是一种治疗。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中 a treatment与下文get mental peace对应。故选E项。 5. 由上文“Everyone should visit city gardens monthly for a peaceful break. Whenever you're feeling stressed, go to relax in nature. And when you do, don't forget to give a nod to the gardening service teams. (每个人都应该每月去城市花园放松一下。每当你感到压力时，去大自然放松一下。当你这样做的时候，别忘了向园艺服务团队点头致敬。)”可知，本段进行总结，建议每个人每月至少去一次城市花园放松，同时要感谢园艺服务团队。而A项They’re making it all possible.(他们让这一切成为可能。)符合语境，其中They代指上文the gardening service teams，有承上作用。故选A项。 Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东东营·期末)World Wildlife Day is celebrated each year on March 3rd. This is a day that has the goal of informing the general public about the plants and wild animals in the world. So you can do many things to celebrate this day. As we all know, litter can be harmful to birds, fish, and other wildlife. Therefore, make an effort to pick up any litter that you see. 6 You can visit an aquarium or zoo near you, because aquariums and zoos help a lot with endangered species, allowing their populations to increase. 7 Thus, World Wildlife Day is the perfect day to pay a local aquarium or zoo a visit. If possible, try to learn about the plants and wild animals near you. You can do some research about local wildlife. You can also research some of the threats to these plants and wild animals. 8 For example, if one of the primary threats an animal faces is litter, be sure to deal with it properly, and pick up any litter you see. If you like, you can plant a garden with native tree, bush and flower species. 9 To plant them in the garden accordingly, it is necessary to do some research beforehand on trees, bushes and flowers that are native to your area and where they would grow best. 10 There are a variety of organizations that help wildlife in different ways. If you have a specific species that you’d like to support, or even if you’d just like to help wildlife in general, there might be an organization somewhere that you can join and assist with their efforts. A. Every year, there is a theme for World Wildlife Day. B. If the threat they face is caused by human, try to help reduce it. C. These may be the only places to find certain endangered animals. D. Additionally, it’s a good way to join an organization that helps wildlife. E. These can help provide wild animals with a place where they can shelter. F. Databases online can help us find the plants which are native to our area. G. And you’d better make sure that you reduce the amount of litter you create. 【答案】6. G 7. C 8. B 9. E 10. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章针对如何保护植物和野生动物，介绍了一些具体做法。 6. 上文“As we all know, litter can be harmful to birds, fish, and other wildlife. Therefore, make an effort to pick up any litter that you see.(众所周知，垃圾对鸟类、鱼类和其他野生动物都是有害的。因此，努力捡起你看到的任何垃圾)”建议捡起你看到的对野生动物有害的任何垃圾，选项G“你最好确保减少你制造的垃圾数量。”承接上文，指出进一步保护野生动物的做法，不仅要捡起垃圾，还要减少制造的垃圾数量。故选G项。 7. 上文“You can visit an aquarium or zoo near you, because aquariums and zoos help a lot with endangered species, allowing their populations to increase.(你可以参观附近的水族馆或动物园，因为水族馆和动物园对濒危物种有很大帮助，使它们的数量增加)”说明你可以参观附近的水族馆或动物园，这些地方可以使濒危物种数量增加，选项C“这些可能是唯一能找到某些濒危动物的地方。”承接上文，C项中的“These”指代上文中的“aquariums and zoos”。故选C项。 8. 上文“You can do some research about local wildlife. You can also research some of the threats to these plants and wild animals.(你可以做一些关于当地野生动物的研究。你也可以研究一些对这些植物和野生动物的威胁)”说明你可以对当地植物和野生动物面临的威胁做一些研究，进而采取一些相应的保护措施，选项B“如果他们面临的威胁是由人类造成的，试着帮助减少它。”承接上文，研究发现威胁是人类造成的话，要采取措施减少威胁。故选B项。 9. 上文“If you like, you can plant a garden with native tree, bush and flower species.(如果你喜欢，你可以在花园里种上当地的树木、灌木和花卉)”说明你可以在花园里种上当地的树木、灌木和花卉，选项E“这些可以为野生动物提供一个可以庇护的地方。”承接上文，E项中的“These”指代上文中的“native tree, bush and flower species”。故选E项。 10. 下文“There are a variety of organizations that help wildlife in different ways. If you have a specific species that you’d like to support, or even if you’d just like to help wildlife in general, there might be an organization somewhere that you can join and assist with their efforts.(有各种各样的组织以不同的方式帮助野生动物。如果你有一个特定的物种，你想要支持，或者即使你只是想帮助野生动物，也许在某个地方有一个组织，你可以加入并帮助他们的努力)”说明有各种各样帮助野生动物的组织，你可以加入其中一个组织，来保护野生动物。选项D“此外，加入一个帮助野生动物的组织也是一个好方法。”引出下文，是对下文的总结。故选D项。 Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖南·期末)The number of people dying in natural disasters is lower today than it was in the past. 11 However, if you can keep your head and find the right place to stay when the ground starts shaking, you might be able to survive. 12 The biggest danger is falling pieces. Since earthquakes happen suddenly without warning, you have to think quickly to stay safe. If you are indoors during an earthquake, remember: “drop, cover and hold on.” Drop: When you feel the ground shaking or something crashing, get down on your hands and knees. 13 Quickly crawl(缓慢行进) under a strong desk or table nearby. Don’t try to run downstairs or walk to a safer place because you might fall. If you are in bed, stay there and cover your head with a pillow until the shaking stops. Cover: Use one hand to cover your neck and head. 14 If not, move towards a wall inside the building, not the outside walls with windows. Stay on your hands and knees, keeping your hand over your neck for protection. Hold on: Hold onto your desk or table with one hand while keeping the other over your neck and head. Be ready to move with the desk or table. 15 However, if you are outside, driving or at the beach, trying to find something to hide under may not be an option. A. This keeps you from falling over. B. If it is not strong enough, turn to another one. C. Earthquakes can still be destructive, though. D. Then crawl under a desk or table if there’s one close by. E. Advanced technology provides many ways for us to stay safer. F. Remember, don’t try to move until the shaking has completely stopped. G. The safest place during an earthquake is likely an open field with no trees around. 【答案】11. C 12. G 13. A 14. D 15. F 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了地震中安全逃生的方法。 11. 根据上文“The number of people dying in natural disasters is lower today than it was in the past.(如今死于自然灾害的人数比过去要少)”以及下文“However, if you can keep your head and find the right place to stay when the ground starts shaking, you might be able to survive.(然而，如果你能保持头脑清醒，并在地面开始摇晃时找到合适的地方，你就有可能挽救自己的生命)”可推知，C项“尽管如此，地震仍然具有破坏性)”承接上下文，构成转折关系，符合语境。故选C。 12. 根据后文“The biggest danger is falling pieces. Since earthquakes happen suddenly without warning, you have to think quickly to stay safe. If you are indoors during an earthquake, remember: “drop, cover and hold on.”(最大的危险是掉落的碎片。由于地震突然发生，没有任何预警，你必须迅速思考以保证安全。地震时，如果你在室内，记住：‘蹲下，找地方掩护，坚持住。’)”可知，本段开始讲地震的时候在室外怎么做，然后再引出地震时在室内怎么做，并引出下文。G项“地震时最安全的地方可能是周围没有树木的开阔地带”与第二段最后一句照应。故选G。 13. 根据上文“When you feel the ground shaking or something crashing, get down on your hands and knees.(当你感觉到地面震动或有东西坠落时，趴在地上)”告诉我们感到震动时要趴下；选项A“这可以防止你摔倒”承接上文，说明趴下的好处，符合语境。故选A。 14. 根据后文“If not, move towards a wall inside the building, not the outside walls with windows.(如果没有，就朝着建筑物内部的墙壁移动，而不是有窗户的外墙)”可知，设空处与后文都是在假设情况，且设空处陈述“如果有……”时的做法；D选项“如果附近有桌子，那就爬到桌子下面”符合语境，D项里面的“if”从句与下文的“if not”照应，该项中的“crawl under a desk or table”与上一段中“Quickly crawl (缓慢行进) under a strong desk or table nearby.”相呼应。故选D。 15. 根据上文“Hold on: Hold onto your desk or table with one hand while keeping the other over your neck and head. Be ready to move with the desk or table.(抓住：一只手抓住桌子，另一只手放在脖子和头上。准备好移动书桌或桌子)”可知，本段主要说明了地震的时候抓住物体，不要移动。F项“记住，在震动完全停止之前，不要试图移动”与本段小标题“Hold on”一致，故选F。 Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. It’s a long, dangerous journey. And astronauts will have to take EVERYTHING they need. 16 Launching things into space is expensive. “To get to Mars, we already have the technology,” says Michael Flynn. “The problem is, it’s costly.” 17 Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff, why not build Water Walls — a recycling system and use the stuff as part of the spaceship? Making oxygen and taking away carbon dioxide — the waste gas you breathe out — is one problem in space. Water Walls will remove carbon dioxide the same way it’s done here on Earth — with living plants. Living plants take in carbon dioxide to make their food, and give off oxygen. But plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft. 18 Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by poop and sunlight, eating up carbon dioxide and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe. 19 It’s compact(紧密的), efficient, and doesn’t need a lot of fancy machinery that might break down. A mission to Mars will require astronauts to get back to nature. Alas, the human body needs a lot of help to survive in space. If only we were more like the tardigrade! Tardigrades are very tiny insect-like creatures that live in soil. When they find themselves in danger, they roll themselves up into a ball and dry out. In this state they can survive without food or water for 100 years. 20 A. Algae can be a good choice. B. Nothing is wasted in the spacecraft. C. But Flynn thinks he has a solution. D. So a trip to Mars is full of packing challenge. E. If only we could train them to fly a spaceship. F. This onboard recycling system has many advantages. G. The more you take, the more rockets you must launch, and the more it costs. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了关于火星之旅的挑战、成本问题以及一种可能的解决方案——使用Water Walls回收系统，并提到了藻类作为可能的选择，以及这种系统的一些优势。 16. 根据前文“Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. It’s a long, dangerous journey. And astronauts will have to take EVERYTHING they need.(将宇航员送上火星是一项巨大的挑战。这是一段漫长而危险的旅程。宇航员将不得不带上他们所需要的一切)”可知，设空位于段尾是对前文的总结，所以D项“So a trip to Mars is full of packing challenge.(所以火星之旅充满了打包的挑战)”符合文意，是对前文的总结，宇航员需要带上很多东西，但是空间有限，所以充满了打包的挑战。故选D项。 17. 根据第二段“Launching things into space is expensive. “To get to Mars, we already have the technology,” says Michael Flynn. “The problem is, it’s costly.”(向太空发射东西是昂贵的。“为了到达火星，我们已经有了技术，”迈克尔·弗林说。“问题是，成本太高了。”)”可知，此处是讲述送东西到火星，成本太高，后文“Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff, why not build Water Walls—a recycling system and use the stuff as part of the spaceship?(与其建造一艘沉重的宇宙飞船并把它装满东西，为什么不建造Water Walls——一个回收系统，把这些东西作为宇宙飞船的一部分呢?)”可知，是提出一种解决方法，所以C项“But Flynn thinks he has a solution.(但弗林认为他有办法)”符合文意，承接上文，并引出下文。故选C项。 18. 根据前文“Making oxygen and taking away carbon dioxide——the waste gas you breathe out—is one problem in space. Water Walls will remove carbon dioxide the same way it’s done here on Earth—with living plants. Living plants take in carbon dioxide to make their food, and give off oxygen. But plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft.(制造氧气和带走二氧化碳——你呼出的废气——是太空中的一个问题。Water Walls会像在地球上一样通过植物去除二氧化碳。活的植物吸收二氧化碳来制造食物，并释放氧气。但是植物很难在宇宙飞船中生长)”可知，前文讲述植物很难在宇宙飞船中生长，再根据后文“Algae are tiny plants that live in water.(藻类是生活在水中的微小植物)”可知，后文开始介绍藻类，所以空处应是提到用藻类解决指物很难在宇宙飞船中生长问题，所以A项“Algae can be a good choice.(藻类是一个不错的选择)”符合文意，提出解决方案，引出下文。故选A项。 19. 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It’s compact (紧密的), efficient, and doesn’t need a lot of fancy machinery that might break down. A mission to Mars will require astronauts to get back to nature.(它紧凑、高效，而且不需要很多可能会坏掉的花哨机器。前往火星的任务将要求宇航员回归大自然)”可知，本段在讲述Water Walls回收系统的优点，所以F项“This onboard recycling system has many advantages.(这种机载回收系统有许多优点)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选F项。 20. 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Alas, the human body needs a lot of help to survive in space. If only we were more like the tardigrade! Tardigrades are very tiny insect-like creatures that live in soil. When they find themselves in danger, they roll themselves up into a ball and dry out. In this state they can survive without food or water for 100 years.(唉，人体需要很多帮助才能在太空中生存。要是我们更像水熊虫就好了!缓步动物是一种非常小的昆虫状生物，生活在土壤中。当它们发现自己有危险时，它们会把自己卷成一团，然后干死。在这种状态下，他们可以在没有食物和水的情况下生存100年)”可知，此处是在讲述水熊虫这种生物对于宇宙航行的优势，所以E项“If only we could train them to fly a spaceship.(要是我们能训练他们驾驶宇宙飞船就好了)”是对前文提到的水熊虫的假设，符合文意。故选E项。 ( 地 城 高频话题 03 饮食健康 ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建福州·期末) Street Eats When it comes to running a restaurant, the three most important factors are location, location, and location! 1 These mobile restaurants can sell food at the busiest corners in a city without paying the high cost of renting a permanent space. They set up early in the morning and sell their food over a tiny counter or through a window. 2 However, mobile food vendors are not a new idea. In fact, they have been around for thousands of years. Nearly two thousand years ago, the streets of Rome were filled with food carts selling all types of meals, from sweets and snacks to hearty dinners. 3 Many did not have ovens, which made preparing a hot meal at home impossible. So instead, ancient Romans bought their food on the street. They ate and socialized with their neighbors, strengthening the community and helping the local economy at the same time. Ancient Greece had food carts too. 4 In Sparta, people ate meals of porridge or soup on the go. Mobile food vendors also have a long history in Southeast Asia. In Indonesia and Malaysia, food sellers of the late nineteenth century carried their mini-restaurants on their, backs! These mini-restaurants were made up of a stove, two stools, and a small table. 5 . The success of mobile food vendors lies in their ability to adapt to the needs of modern society. They provide a fast and convenient dining option for those on the go, while also offering a unique and authentic dining experience. As the world continues to urbanize and become more mobile, it’s likely that mobile food vendors will continue to thrive and evolve. A. That is what makes food carts such a clever idea. B. Food carts could bring vendors handsome incomes. C. Vendors with wooden carts sold fried fish to the people of Athens. D. The people of Rome lived in tiny homes without much space to cook. E. At the end of the day, they are packed up and pulled away by a car or truck. F. Street eats often remind you of the good times you spend with your friends. G. They could be put together and carried here and there in search of customers. 【答案】1. A 2. E 3. D 4. C 5. G 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍流动食品摊贩的历史。 1. 由下文“These mobile restaurants can sell food at the busiest corners in a city without paying the high cost of renting a permanent space.(这些移动餐厅可以在城市最繁忙的角落出售食物，而无需支付租用永久空间的高昂成本。)”可知，这里主要讲移动餐厅的优点。而A项“That is what makes food carts such a clever idea.(这就是为什么食品车是一个如此聪明的主意。)”符合语境，选项中food carts与下文mobile restaurants对应，有启下作用。故选A项。 2. 由上文“They set up early in the morning and sell their food over a tiny counter or through a window. (他们一大早就起床，在一个小柜台上或透过窗户卖食物。)”可知，这里描述流动食品摊贩早上开始的情况，而E项“At the end of the day, they are packed up and pulled away by a car or truck.(一天结束时，他们会被一辆汽车或卡车打包带走。)”符合语境，描述流动食品摊贩结束的情况，选项中At the end of the day与上文in the morning对应，所以有承上作用。故选E项。 3. 由上文“Nearly two thousand years ago, the streets of Rome were filled with food carts selling all types of meals, from sweets and snacks to hearty dinners.(近两千年前，罗马的街道上挤满了卖各种食物的食品车，从糖果、小吃到丰盛的晚餐。)”可知，这里描述2000年前罗马流动食品摊贩情况，而D项“The people of Rome lived in tiny homes without much space to cook.(罗马人民住在狭小的房子里，没有太多的空间做饭。)”符合语境，也是在描述当时罗马饮食情况，有承上启下作用。故选D项。 4. 由上文“Ancient Greece had food carts too.(古希腊也有食品车。)”可知，这里描述古希腊流动食品摊贩情况，而C项“Vendors with wooden carts sold fried fish to the people of Athens.(小贩们拿着木车向雅典人民出售煎鱼。)”符合语境，选项中Athens与上文Ancient Greece对应，有承上作用。故选C项。 5. 由上文“Mobile food vendors also have a long history in Southeast Asia. In Indonesia and Malaysia, food sellers of the late nineteenth century carried their mini-restaurants on their, backs! These mini-restaurants were made up of a stove, two stools, and a small table. (流动食品摊贩在东南亚也有着悠久的历史。在印度尼西亚和马来西亚，19世纪末的食品销售商背着他们的迷你餐厅！这些迷你餐厅由一个炉子、两张凳子和一张小桌子组成。)”可知，这里主要介绍动食品摊贩在东南亚的历史，而G项“They could be put together and carried here and there in search of customers.(它们可以被放在一起，带到这里或那里寻找顾客。)”符合语境，选项中They代指前文These mini-restaurants，有承上作用。故选G项。 Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高一下·河南许昌·期末)People have been adding colorings(色素) to their food for thousands of years. This tradition is widely thought to have taken place in Egyptian cities as early as 1500 BC. 6 With time going by, food colorings grew more and more popular. At one point, all food colorings got their colors from natural sources. 7 Insects and rocks were also often used as sources of food colorings. The natural world still remains a common source of many of today’s commercial colorings. Nowadays, scientists have also developed artificial(人造的) food colorings. These colorings have many advantages. For example, in many cases, it’s less expensive to create colors artificially. In addition, with artificial food colorings, people can create especially bright colors or colors hard to find in nature, such as blue. 8 Whether food colorings come naturally or artificially, there are health and safety concerns about them. 9 But they have been removed from the market due to health concerns, and some people thus try to avoid food colorings. However, avoiding food colorings can actually be quite difficult. 10 Many governments around the world limit the types of things that can be used in food colorings. And different countries have different labeling(贴标签) systems for food colorings, which allow people to be clear what food coloring it is. Many countries also make certain rules and laws to deal with adding and creating food colorings illegally. A. All food colorings come from two sources. B. Some food colorings are not good for our health. C. Plants, like flowers, were very common examples. D. Several food colorings were once recognised as safe. E. As a result, artificial food colorings are widely used. F. Measures thus have been taken for food colorings’ safety. G. At that time, candy makers used colorings to improve products’ appearance. 【答案】6. G 7. C 8. E 9. D 10. F 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了色素的起源、人工色素以及食用色素的安全问题。 6. 上文“This tradition is widely thought to have taken place in Egyptian cities as early as 1500 BC.(人们普遍认为，这一传统早在公元前1500年就在埃及的城市中出现了)”提到，在食物中添加色素的传统早在公元前1500年就在埃及的城市中出现了，结合下文“With time going by, food colorings grew more and more popular.(随着时间的推移，食用色素越来越受欢迎)”可知，空处是描述公元前1500年添加色素的情况，G项“当时，糖果制造商使用色素来改善产品的外观”符合语境，故选G。 7. 上文“At one point, all food colorings got their colors from natural sources.(曾经有一段时间，所有的食用色素都是天然色素)”提到，曾经有一段时间，所有的食用色素都是天然色素，结合下文“Insects and rocks were also often used as sources of food colorings.(昆虫和岩石也经常被用作食用色素的来源)”可知，空处和下文并列，都是对天然色素举例，C项“植物，比如花，就是很常见的例子”符合语境，故选C。 8. 上文“In addition, with artificial food colorings, people can create especially bright colors or colors hard to find in nature, such as blue.(此外，使用人工食用色素，人们可以创造出特别明亮的颜色或在自然界中很难找到的颜色，比如蓝色)”描述人工色素的优势，E项“因此，人工食用色素被广泛使用”承接上文，符合语境，因为有诸多优点，故被广泛使用，故选E。 9. 根据下文的转折“But they have been removed from the market due to health concerns, and some people thus try to avoid food colorings.(但出于对健康的考虑，它们已经从市场上撤下，因此一些人试图避免食用色素)”可知，空处应是提及对健康没有威胁的色素，D项“有几种食用色素一度被认为是安全的”符合语境，虽然有些色素是安全的，但是出于对健康的考虑，它们已经从市场上撤下，下文的they指代D项中“Several food colorings”，故选D。 10. 根据下文“Many governments around the world limit the types of things that can be used in food colorings. And different countries have different labeling (贴标签) systems for food colorings, which allow people to be clear what food coloring it is. Many countries also make certain rules and laws to deal with adding and creating food colorings illegally.(世界上许多国家的政府都限制了食用色素的种类。不同的国家对食用色素有不同的标签制度，这让人们清楚地知道它是什么食用色素。许多国家还制定了一些法规和法律来处理非法添加和制造食用色素的问题)”可知， 本段是讲述世界上很多国家对于色素安全采取的措施，F项“因此，对食用色素的安全采取了措施”符合语境，为本段主题句，故选F。 Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Food is not just something that supports life, but tells us stories about who we are, what we value, and how we establish relationships. 11 . Food and cultural identity are closely tied. The preparation and presentation of the traditional Japanese dishes like sushi are considered an art form. 12 Similarly, the use of spices in Indian cuisine reflects the country’s rich agricultural heritage and diverse regional flavors. Through food, individuals not only nourish their bodies but also nurture a deep connection to their cultural roots, cultivating a sense of identity and belonging. 13 A typical Italian child can name twenty-two different kinds of pasta, while a child in Canada might know three to four different kinds. But it’s not just the vocabulary that matters. 14   When people are asked what comes to mind when thinking of fried eggs, the French say “breakfast” while Americans say “cholesterol(胆固醇)”. The French prize the dining experience whereas Americans lay an emphasis on what is entering the bloodstream. Food consumed by one person alone is not a social food. However, when consumed by a group of people together or eaten in a religious ceremony, it brings people together socially. In human society, food is a means for people to establish relationships between one another. 15 For instance, in the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings to express the relationship between themselves and God. In an increasingly interconnected world shaped by globalization, food not only helps preserve our culture but bridges cultural gaps, promoting understanding and appreciation across borders. A. It offers us different perspectives to know about our culture. B. Tradition is a word frequently referred to in their dictionary. C. This bond can exist among individuals and religious groups. D. A culture’s food vocabulary is also a window into its values. E. They mirror people’s culturally rooted respect for artistic value. F. It enables people to makes friends with each other while dining. G. It is also the attitudes that are transmitted through language about food. 【答案】11. A 12. E 13. D 14. G 15. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物不仅是维持生命的基础，更是文化身份的载体，它加深了个体与其文化根源的联系，反映了不同文化的饮食习惯和价值观，以及食物在社会交往和宗教仪式中的团结作用，促进了全球化背景下跨文化的理解和尊重。 11. 上文“Food is not just something that supports life, but tells us stories about who we are, what we value, and how we establish relationships.(食物不仅仅是维持生命的东西，它还告诉我们是谁、我们珍视什么以及我们如何建立关系的故事)”说明食物除了维持生命外，还具备其他作用，以及下文“Food and cultural identity are closely tied.(食物和文化特征紧密相连)”说明食物和文化具备紧密的联系，A项中It指代上文提及的Food，A项“它为我们了解我们的文化提供了不同的视角。”进一步说明食物的作用，承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 12. 上文“The preparation and presentation of the traditional Japanese dishes like sushi are considered an art form.(寿司等日本传统菜肴的制作和呈现被认为是一种艺术形式)”以寿司为例，说明这种食物的制作和呈现被认为是一种艺术形式，E项中They指代上文中的The preparation and presentation of the traditional Japanese dishes，E项“它们反映了人们对艺术价值的文化尊重。”承接上文，并引出下文的例子“Similarly, the use of spices in Indian cuisine reflects the country’s rich agricultural heritage and diverse regional flavors.(同样，印度菜中香料的使用反映了该国丰富的农业遗产和多样化的地区风味)”，E项承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 13. 下文“A typical Italian child can name twenty-two different kinds of pasta, while a child in Canada might know three to four different kinds.(一个典型的意大利孩子可以说出二十二种不同的意大利面，而加拿大的孩子可能知道三到四种不同的面食)”说明食物与词汇之间存在关联，D项中food vocabulary是关键词，D项“一种文化的食物词汇也是了解其价值观的窗口。”引出下文，符合题意。故选D。 14. 下文“When people are asked what comes to mind when thinking of fried eggs, the French say “breakfast” while Americans say “cholesterol(胆固醇)”. The French prize the dining experience whereas Americans lay an emphasis on what is entering the bloodstream.(当人们被问及想到煎蛋时会想到什么时，法国人说“早餐”，而美国人说“胆固醇”。法国人重视用餐体验，而美国人则强调进入血液的东西)”说明使用不同的词汇代表了不同人对于食物的态度，G项“这也是通过语言传递的对食物的态度。”引出下文不同人的不同态度，符合题意。故选G。 15. 上文“Food consumed by one person alone is not a social food. However, when consumed by a group of people together or eaten in a religious ceremony, it brings people together socially. In human society, food is a means for people to establish relationships between one another.(一个人单独食用的食物不是社会性食物。然而，当一群人一起食用或在宗教仪式上食用时，它会将人们聚集在一起。在人类社会中，食物是人们建立相互关系的一种手段)”说明食物被一群人或者被宗教团体在宗教仪式上食用时，食物可以将人们聚集在一起，让人们建立相互关系，C项“这种联系可以存在于个人和宗教团体之间。”承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Do you have difficulty falling asleep? Do you find it hard to sleep deeply? 16 Don’t worry, experts have offered you some tips on how to make yourself a sound sleeper. Make a schedule, and stick to it. Melatonin(褪黑素) is a hormone produced by the body to control when you get sleepy and when you wake up. To work well, the release of this hormone needs to occur at regular times. If your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day or on weekends, your sleep rhythms will be unpredictable and the body won’t know how to respond. 17 Don’t lay in bed awake. The best sleep tip you can ever give somebody is get up — don’t lay in bed awake but not sleeping. 18 Because lying in bed awake can form a link in your brain that can lead to chronic insomnia(慢性失眠). Instead of being a restful spot where you peacefully fall asleep, your bed becomes an anxious place where you toss and turn and wake up tired. 19 Many people view sleeping as the final thing they have to do in a jam-packed day. It is worth postponing to catch up on housework, schoolwork, office work or the latest television series. This thinking needs to be changed. 20 Instead, see your sleep as the amount of time you need to set yourself up for a productive tomorrow. It may sound like a small change in thinking, but it’s an important one. A. Stay positive about sleep. B. For what is that so important? C. Change your attitude towards sleep. D. You may suffer from other sleeping problems. E. So it is necessary to form a good sleeping habit. F. Don’t see your sleep as the amount of time you have left in your day. G. Therefore, it’s important to have a standard wake-up time, even on weekends. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. F 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提出了一些有助于睡眠好的建议。 16. 根据上文“Do you have difficulty falling asleep? Do you find it hard to sleep deeply?(你入睡困难吗？你是否难以深度睡眠？)”以及后文“Don’t worry, experts have offered you some tips on how to make yourself a sound sleeper.(别担心，专家们为你提供了一些让你睡得安稳的建议)”可知，本句列举了患有其他睡眠问题的情况。故D选项“你可能有其他睡眠问题”符合语境。故选D。 17. 根据上文“If your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day or on weekends, your sleep rhythms will be unpredictable and the body won’t know how to respond.(如果你的就寝时间和起床时间每天或周末都在变化，你的睡眠节奏将无法预测，身体将不知道如何做出反应)”可知，后文提到如果起床时间不固定的坏处。由此可知，本句表达周末也要和工作日一样有固定的起床时间。故G选项“因此，有一个标准的起床时间是很重要的，即使是在周末”符合语境。故选G。 18. 根据上文“Don’t lay in bed awake. The best sleep tip you can ever give somebody is get up — don’t lay in bed awake but not sleeping.(不要醒着躺在床上。你能给别人的最好的睡眠建议就是起床——不要躺在床上不睡)”以及后文“Because lying in bed awake can form a link in your brain that can lead to chronic insomnia (慢性失眠).(因为醒着躺在床上会在你的大脑中形成一个链接，导致慢性失眠)”可知，上文建议不要醒着躺在床上，后文说明了原因。由此可知，本句属于过渡句，引出睡眠的重要性。B选项“这有什么重要的？”符合语境。故选B。 19. 根据后文“Many people view sleeping as the final thing they have to do in a jam-packed day. It is worth postponing to catch up on housework, schoolwork, office work or the latest television series. This thinking needs to be changed.(许多人认为睡觉是他们在繁忙的一天中必须做的最后一件事。为了完成家务、功课、办公室工作或看最新的电视剧而推迟是值得的。这种想法需要改变)”可知，后文提到了想法需要改变，即作者建议大家要转变对睡眠的态度。故C选项“改变你对睡眠的态度”符合语境。故选C。 20. 根据上文“Many people view sleeping as the final thing they have to do in a jam-packed day.(许多人认为睡觉是他们在繁忙的一天中必须做的最后一件事)”以及后文“Instead, see your sleep as the amount of time you need to set yourself up for a productive tomorrow.(相反，把你的睡眠看成是你为明天的高效工作所需要的时间)”可推测，此处作者强调不要把睡眠当作一天中剩余的时间。故F选项“不要把你的睡眠看成是你一天中剩下的时间”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高一下·河北·期末)Here are some steps to help you use the power of meditation(冥想) for better sleep. Choose your focus With many meditation choices, it’s important to determine which works for you. If you’re a music lover, listening to meditation music for sleep can be relaxing. 21 . If you want simplicity, focusing on your own breath can be a practical and useful experience. 22 Your surroundings can greatly influence the quality of your meditation. It’s essential to build an environment that is helpful for relaxation. 23 —this might mean turning off notices on your phone. Dim(暗淡的) lights or candles guide senses to deep peace. Sit or lie comfortably 24 . When the goal is to help you fall into sleep more easily, lying down especially in a supportive bed can be ideal. If you can’t fall asleep quickly or feel comfortable, try sitting up with cushions(垫子) to support you. The main thing is to keep your back straight and avoid putting pressure on any part of your body. Be consistent(始终如一的) The power of meditation shines through with regular practice. As with mastering any skill, consistency is your strong supporter. Start with short parts and gradually extend as you become more comfortable. Whether it’s 5 minutes or 30 minutes, the key is to make it a nightly routine. 25 , making the process more effective gradually. A. Create the right space B. Absorb every de tail of the scene C. The base of a successful meditation is comfort D. Remember, it’s natural for the mind to wander E. Make sure your room is free from troublesome noises F. It helps to calm your mind through a regular pattern of sounds G. Over time, your brain will connect this practice with relaxation and sleep 【答案】21. F 22. A 23. E 24. C 25. G 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。冥想被广泛推荐为促进健康的做法，基础冥想及坐在舒适的位置并通过什么都不做来使自己的思想安静。本文介绍了一些开始基本冥想练习的方法。 21. 根据上文“With many meditation choices, it’s important to determine which works for you. If you’re a music lover, listening to meditation music for sleep can be relaxing.(有很多冥想选择，重要的是要确定哪种适合你。如果你是一个音乐爱好者，听冥想音乐睡觉可以让你放松)”可知，听冥想音乐睡觉可以让你放松，空处应承接上文，继续说明冥想音乐的好处。F选项“有规律的声音有助于平静你的头脑”符合语境，故选F。 22. 根据本段内容“Your surroundings can greatly influence the quality of your meditation. It’s essential to build an environment that is helpful for relaxation.(你周围的环境会极大地影响你冥想的质量。营造一个有利于放松的环境是很重要的)”可知，本段的主旨是创造一个适合冥想的环境或空间。A选项“创造合适的空间”符合语境，故选A。 23. 根据后文“this might mean turning off notices on your phone(这可能意味着关掉手机上的通知)”可知，后文提到关掉通知，即确保没有噪音的打扰。E选项“确保你的房间没有烦人的噪音”符合语境，故选E。 24. 根据标题“Sit or lie comfortably(舒适地坐着或躺着)”以及后文“When the goal is to help you fall into sleep more easily, lying down especially in a supportive bed can be ideal. If you can’t fall asleep quickly or feel comfortable, try sitting up with cushions (垫子) to support you. The main thing is to keep your back straight and avoid putting pressure on any part of your body.(当你的目标是帮助你更容易入睡时，躺下，尤其是在有支撑的床上是理想的。如果你不能很快入睡或者感觉不舒服，试着用靠垫支撑你坐起来。最重要的是保持背部挺直，避免对身体的任何部位施加压力)”可知，本段主要强调了舒适性，C选项中comfort可对应标题comfortably。C选项“成功的冥想的基础是舒适”符合语境，故选C。 25. 根据上文“Whether it’s 5 minutes or 30 minutes, the key is to make it a nightly routine.(不管是5分钟还是30分钟，关键是要让它成为每晚的例行公事)”以及后文“making the process more effective gradually(使过程逐渐变得更有效)”可知，本句承接上文，说明变成睡前例行公事的原因是为了让冥想和睡眠联系起来，更加有效。G选项“随着时间的推移，你的大脑会将这种练习与放松和睡眠联系起来”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高一下·江苏扬州·期末)Have you ever heard of “children of the stars”? It might sound mysterious, but the expression refers to children with autism(自闭症). World Autism Awareness Day falls on April 2. 26 Autism is a disorder with signs that appear within the first three years of life. The condition is believed to involve difficulties in social communication as well as limited, repetitive behaviors, interests, or activities. 27 Many children with autism experience epilepsy(癫痫) due to differences in brain activity. Epilepsy among people with autism becomes even more common starting from teen years. At present, the exact cause of autism remains unknown, but research indicates that it is likely a result of a mix of developmental, genetic, and environmental factors. 28 If the first child in a family has autism, the chances of the second child also having autism are about 10 times higher than in families where the first child is not autistic. Although autism is a lifelong condition, there are various ways available to help them. 29 Agreements from others will make them feel proud, enabling them to communicate with others more effectively. For those close to autism sufferers, it’s useful to figure out what is acceptable and what is not. 30 For children with autism, these may benefit them for a lifetime. A. Their parents often feel depressed. B. Children with autism also have physical sufferings. C. They made less eye contact with people compared to other kids. D. It is essential not to view people with autism with a sense of strangeness. E. Older parents are more likely to have autistic children than younger parents. F. They should also have a deep understanding of autism and how to deal with it. G. It was started to raise awareness and promote acceptance of people with autism. 【答案】26. G 27. B 28. E 29. D 30. F 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。自闭症是一种疾病，其症状出现在生命的前三年内。这种情况被认为包括社会沟通困难以及有限的、重复的行为、兴趣或活动。文章对其进行了详细介绍。 26. 根据前文“Have you ever heard of “children of the stars”? It might sound mysterious, but the expression refers to children with autism(自闭症). World Autism Awareness Day falls on April 2.(你听说过“星星的孩子”吗？这听起来可能很神秘，但这个短语指的是患有自闭症的儿童。4月2日是世界提高自闭症意识日。)”可知，此处是指世界提高自闭症意识日起到的目的和作用，所以选项G“它的开始是为了提高人们对自闭症患者的认识和接受度。”切合文意。故选G。 27. 根据后文“Many children with autism experience epilepsy(癫痫) due to differences in brain activity. Epilepsy among people with autism becomes even more common starting from teen years.(由于大脑活动的差异，许多自闭症儿童患有癫痫。自闭症患者的癫痫从青少年时期开始变得更加常见。)”可知，此处是指自闭症儿童也伴有身体疾病，所以选项B“自闭症儿童也有身体上的痛苦。”切合文意。故选B。 28. 根据前文“At present, the exact cause of autism remains unknown, but research indicates that it is likely a result of a mix of developmental, genetic, and environmental factors.(目前，自闭症的确切病因尚不清楚，但研究表明，这可能是发育、遗传和环境因素综合作用的结果。)”可知，此处是介绍导致自闭症的因素，所以选项E“年长的父母比年轻的父母更有可能有自闭症的孩子。”切合文意。故选E。 29. 根据后文“Agreements from others will make them feel proud, enabling them to communicate with others more effectively.(别人的认同会让他们感到自豪，使他们能够更有效地与他人沟通。)”可知，此处是指不要区别对待自闭症患者，所以选项D“不要以一种陌生感来看待自闭症患者，这是很重要的。”切合文意。故选D。 30. 根据前文“For those close to autism sufferers, it’s useful to figure out what is acceptable and what is not.(对于那些接近自闭症患者的人来说，弄清楚什么是可以接受的，什么是不可接受的是很有用的。)”可知，此处是指接近自闭症患者的人应该做的事情，所以选项F“他们还应该对自闭症以及如何应对自闭症有深刻的了解。”切合文意。故选F。 Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建漳州·期末) How to live a longer and healthier life We’re all going to get old — but what if we could live a longer, happier and healthier life? 31 We’ve asked some experts to find out the changes that can have the biggest impact on our health, happiness and longevity. Here are the three areas you can really make difference. Socialising Having friends can be just as important to living longer as giving up smoking. Keep in mind best friends don’t occur overnight. 32 Therefore, putting time to existing relationships is important. Don’t be upset if you don’t find a best friend in a short time. Being patient and not expecting too much too soon can be helpful. What you eat First, don’t eat too much, so you keep a reasonable weight. It’s also important to watch your protein. Don’t eat too much protein, but you should eat more if you’re older to avoid muscle weakness. Another point you need to pay attention to is the intake of salt and sugar, which are mostly found in processed foods. Last, up the plant food. 33 Move your body You need to keep your muscle strength. This means that you can get out of a chair easily. Cross your arms and get out of your chair. 34 If it’s only two or three times, do it every day and see if you can build your muscles up. Regular aerobic(有氧的) exercise is also beneficial. Basically it means anything that increases your heart rate and get your lungs going. For example, when you’re going for a newspaper or walking the dog, go at a proper speed. 35 A. This is where science can help. B. Aerobic exercise is not for all ages. C. See how many times you can do it in 30 seconds. D. That’s looking after your heart and also your brain. E. Five servings of fruit and vegetables a day, if possible. F. Relationships take time and effort to develop and keep. G. Just as we need to be socially active, we need to be physically active. 【答案】31. A 32. F 33. E 34. C 35. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何活得更长寿、更健康的建议。 31. 根据空前的“We’re all going to get old — but what if we could live a longer, happier and healthier life?(我们都会变老，但我们该如何能活得更长久、更快乐、更健康呢？)”可知，此处提出问题，该如何活的更久、更快乐、更健康；结合空后的“We’ve asked some experts to find out the changes that can have the biggest impact on our health, happiness and longevity.(我们请了一些专家来找出对我们的健康、幸福和长寿影响最大的变化。)”可知，专家找出了对我们健康、幸福和长寿影响最大的变化；由此可知，此空应是对空前内容做出的回答；A选项“This is where science can help.(这就是科学可以提供帮助的地方。)”中的this指代的为空前的内容，且其中的science与空后的“experts”相关。故选A项。 32. 根据空前的“Keep in mind best friends don’t occur overnight.(记住，最好的朋友不是一夜之间形成的。)”可知，好朋友形成是需要时间的；结合空后的“Therefore, putting time to existing relationships is important.(因此，花时间在现有的关系上是很重要的。)”可知，此处讲述的是如何维护好朋友关系；F选项“Relationships take time and effort to develop and keep.(关系的发展和维持需要时间和努力。)”讲述的内容是对空前内容的进一步阐述，且与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑，relationships为解题关键信息。故选F项。 33. 根据本段的主题句“What you eat(你吃什么)”可知，本段主要介绍的是饮食相关；根据空前的“Last, up the plant food.(最后，增加植物性食物。)”可知，此处讲述的饮食与植物相关；E选项“Five servings of fruit and vegetables a day, if possible.(如果可能的话，每天吃五份水果和蔬菜。)”讲述的“fruit and vegetables”与饮食相关，且与空前的“plants food”一致。故选E项。 34. 根据本段的主题句“Move your body(移动你的身体)”可知，本段介绍的是运动相关；根据空前的“Cross your arms and get out of your chair.(双臂交叉，从椅子上起来。)”可知，此处建议做一个具体的动作；结合空后的“If it’s only two or three times, do it every day and see if you can build your muscles up.(如果只有两到三次，每天都做，看看你是否能锻炼出肌肉。)”可知，如果只能做两到三次，建议每天都做，由此可知，此空应与做该动作的情况相关；C选项“See how many times you can do it in 30 seconds.(看看你在30秒内能做多少次。)”中的it指代的为空前的动作，且与空后的“it’s only two or three times”内容相关，符合语境。故选C项。 35. 根据空前的“Basically it means anything that increases your heart rate and get your lungs going. For example, when you’re going for a newspaper or walking the dog, go at a proper speed.(基本上，它指的是任何能加快你的心率和肺活量的运动。例如，当你去买报纸或遛狗时，以适当的速度走。)”可知，此处指的是加强有氧运动对心肺的影响；D选项“That’s looking after your heart and also your brain.(这是在照顾你的心脏和大脑。)”中的That指代的事空前的“going for a newspaper or walking the dog”，且“your heart”空前提到的“your heart rate”内容相关，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建福州·期末) Scientific Ways to Improve Our Memory If you have trouble in remembering the date or the number, you are not the only one. 36 However, a research study at UCLA in 2006 has shown that there are scientific ways to improve brain functions through simple lifestyle changes. Exercise regularly 37 So put on your trainers, go outside and start working up a good sweat. It’s healthy for both your mind and your body. 38 It’s a well-known fact eating vegetables can help keep your body healthy, and includes your brain. Various research papers state that vegetables can help lower oxidative stress in your brain as well as help retain healthy cognitive functions. Reduce stress levels Research found that intense and persistent stress, especially at high levels, can easily impair our memory and disturb our cognitive skills. 39 You can do this by meditating or taking a walk. Play video games Yes, you heard us. Get on that controller and spend a couple of hours playing your favorite video game. It’s good for your mind, according to a recent study that illustrated how these pastimes can help improve the functioning of various memory-associated regions in the brain. 40 A. Eat your vegetables. B. Try healthy foods. C. Hundreds of students suffer from poor memory. D. Memory is to experience reporting in the mind in the past. E. But don’t go overboard, too much of a good thing can be bad for you. F. So slow down, and ease yourself into taking it down a notch(冷静). G. Research found that leading a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle can lead to memory loss. 【答案】36. C 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. E 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍的是提高记忆力的科学方法。 36. 根据空前“If you have trouble in remembering the date or the number, you are not the only one.(如果你在记住日期或号码方面有困难，你不是唯一一个.)”可知，记不住日期或号码的还有很多人，故C选项“Hundreds of students suffer from poor memory.(数百名学生的记忆力都很差。)”符合，承接上文，说明还有很多人记忆力不好，因此C选项承接上文。故选C。 37. 根据本段小标题 “Exercise regularly(定期锻炼)”可知，本段是讲锻炼可以提高记忆力。再结合空后“So put on your trainers, go outside and start working up a good sweat.(所以穿上运动鞋，走到户外，开始运动，让自己大汗淋漓)”推断出，空格处应提出如果不锻炼会有什么后果。故G选项“Research found that leading a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle can lead to memory loss.(研究发现，久坐不动的生活方式会导致记忆力减退。)”说明了不锻炼的坏处，为下文提出锻炼的好处做好铺垫，因此G选项引起下文。故选G。 38. 根据本段内容“It’s a well-known fact eating vegetables can help keep your body healthy, and includes your brain.(众所周知，吃蔬菜可以帮助你保持身体健康，包括你的大脑)”可知，本段是要讲吃蔬菜有利于提高记忆力，故A选项“Eat your vegetables(吃你的蔬菜)”概括了吃蔬菜这个主题，可作为小标题。故选A。 39. 根据空前“Research found that intense and persistent stress, especially at high levels, can easily impair our memory and disturb our cognitive skills. (研究发现，强烈和持续的压力，尤其是高水平的压力，很容易损害我们的记忆和扰乱我们的认知技能。)”可知，由此说明，我们需要放松，要减少压力。故F选项“So slow down, and ease yourself into taking it down a notch (冷静).(所以慢下来，让自己放松下来)”承接下文，说明要放松下来，且空格后的“You can do this by meditating or taking a walk.(你可以通过冥想或散步来做到这一点。)”说明了放松的具体方法，由此F选项承上启下。故选F。 40. 根据空前“Yes, you heard us. Get on that controller and spend a couple of hours playing your favorite video game. It’s good for your mind, according to a recent study that illustrated how these pastimes can help improve the functioning of various memory-associated regions in the brain.(是的，你听到了。打开控制器，花几个小时玩你最喜欢的电子游戏。最近的一项研究表明，这些娱乐活动可以帮助改善大脑中与记忆相关的各个区域的功能，这对你的大脑有好处)”，这说明了打电子游戏有利于提高记忆力，但是根据常识，打电子游戏太多是不好的，E选项“But don’t go overboard, too much of a good thing can be bad for you.(但不要太过头，好事过了头可能对你有害。)”强调了不要打太多电子游戏，由此E选项承接上文。故选E。 Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建南平·期末)It’s hard to be energetic in your daily activities when worries are controlling your thoughts and influencing your work, school, or your home life. 41 In fact, trying to do so often makes your worries stronger. But that doesn’t mean there’s nothing you can do to control worries. 42 Rather than trying to stop an anxious thought, the following are what you can do to help: allow yourself to have it, let it out, and get physically active. Create a worry period. Choose a set time and place for worrying. It should be the same every day and early enough that it won’t make you anxious right before bedtime. During your  worry period, you’re allowed to worry about whatever is on your mind. 43 44 If an anxious thought comes into your head during the day, make a brief note of it. Taking it down is like saying it out, which helps you to reduce worries. Also, writing down your thoughts is much harder work than simply thinking them,so your worries are more likely to lose their power. Get up and get moving. Exercise is a natural and effective treatment against anxiety because it helps relieve stress, promote energy,and improve your sense of well-being(幸福). Even more importantly,by really focusing on how your body feels as you move,you can stop worries running through your head. 45 A. Write down your worries. B. You just need a different method. C. Remind yourself of the unfinished. D. Telling yourself to stop worrying doesn’t work. E. The rest of the day, however, is a worry-free time. F. The more you practice, the more control you’ll start to feel over your worries. G. As you relieve worries this way, you’ll find it easier to build up your confidence. 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. E 44. A 45. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何应对日常生活中的忧虑，提出了一些具体的方法和建议。 41. 根据下文“In fact, trying to do so often makes your worries stronger(事实上，试图这样做往往会使你的忧虑更加强烈)”可知，此处表达试图停止忧虑是无效的，与D项“Telling yourself to stop worrying doesn’t work.(告诉自己停止忧虑并不起作用)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 42. 根据上文“But that doesn’t mean there’s nothing you can do to control worrie(但这并不意味着你无法控制忧虑)”以及下文“Rather than trying to stop an anxious thought, the following are what you can do to help: allow yourself to have it, let it out, and get physically active.(与其试图停止焦虑的想法，不如采取以下方法来帮助自己：允许自己有焦虑的想法，释放出来，并进行身体活动)”可知，此处需要一个转折的句子，表达需要采取不同的方法来应对忧虑，与B项“You just need a different method(你只需要一个不同的方法)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 43. 根据上文“Create a worry period. Choose a set time and place for worrying. It should be the same every day and early enough that it won’t make you anxious right before bedtime. During your worry period, you’re allowed to worry about whatever is on your mind(设定一个忧虑时间。选择一个固定的时间和地点来忧虑。它应该是每天相同的，并且足够早，不会让你在临睡前感到焦虑。在你的忧虑时间里，你可以担心任何在你脑海中的事情)”可知，此处需要一个总结的句子，表达除了忧虑时间外，其他时间都是无忧无虑的，与E项“The rest of the day, however, is a worry-free time(然而，一天中的其他时间都是无忧无虑的)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 44. 根据下文“If an anxious thought comes into your head during the day, make a brief note of it. Taking it down is like saying it out, which helps you to reduce worries. Also, writing down your thoughts is much harder work than simply thinking them, so your worries are more likely to lose their power.(如果在白天有一个焦虑的想法进入你的脑海，简要地记下来。把它写下来就像说出来一样，这有助于你减少忧虑。此外，写下你的想法比简单地思考它们要困难得多，所以你的忧虑更有可能失去它们的力量)”可知，此处需要一个主题句，表达将忧虑写下来的方法，与A项“Write down your worries(写下你的忧虑)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 45. 根据上文“Get up and get moving. Exercise is a natural and effective treatment against anxiety because it helps relieve stress, promote energy, and improve your sense of well-being (幸福). Even more importantly, by really focusing on how your body feels as you move, you can stop worries running through your head(起来活动一下。锻炼是一种自然而有效的对抗焦虑的方法，因为它有助于缓解压力，提升能量，改善你的幸福感。更重要的是，通过真正关注你的身体在移动时的感觉，你可以阻止忧虑在你的脑海中蔓延)”可知，此处需要一个总结的句子，表达通过练习，你会感到对忧虑有更多的控制，与F项“The more you practice, the more control you’ll start to feel over your worries.(你练习得越多，你就会开始感到对你的忧虑有更多的控制)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建宁德·期末)Many people think that being healthy is a difficult task that means lots of dieting and time at the gym, but that’s actually not true! 46 Soon, you’ll start to see your healthy life taking shape! Eat at the right times. A good time for a healthy, easy-to-digest evening meal is between 17:00 and 20:00. It’s best to avoid late-night snacks, 47 If you do need that midnight snack, stick to unsalted nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables. Get outside. When you spend time outdoors, the fresh air helps to reduce your stress. Step away from your screens and spend some time in the sun going for a walk, or staying active with a sport. 48 Think positively. 49 A simple positive twist on a situation can turn a setback into an opportunity. Not only will you have more energy for life, but your body can also fight off colds and heart disease better! 50 Getting poor-quality sleep not only makes you easier to get sick, but also increases the time you need to recover from illness. When you sleep well, you can wake up ready to go and be more active all day. A. Get a good night’s rest. B. Create a daily routine. C. so a positive attitude can help you avoid unhealthy habits. D. because they fill you with unnecessary calories and can affect your sleep. E. It’s amazing how much power our minds have over everything in our lives. F. Start a healthier daily habit when it comes to eating, relaxing, being active, and sleeping. G. As an added benefit, the sun helps you get some vitamin D that’s important to your body. 【答案】46. F 47. D 48. G 49. E 50. A 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。作者解释说明了健康生活方式：合理饮食、户外锻炼、积极心态与充足睡眠。 46. 从上文的“Many people think that being healthy is a difficult task that means lots of dieting and time at the gym, but that’s actually not true!(许多人认为保持健康是一项艰巨的任务，这意味着要大量节食和去健身房，但事实并非如此！)”可知，上文提到很多人认为保持健康很难，需要节食和很多健身房时间，但实际上并非如此。F项“Start a healthier daily habit when it comes to eating, relaxing, being active, and sleeping.(开始养成健康的日常习惯，在饮食、放松、活动和睡眠方面。)”提出了一个解决方案，即在日常的吃、放松、运动和睡眠方面养成更健康的习惯。这也与后文提到的具体健康习惯(如吃饭时间、户外活动、积极思考、良好睡眠)相呼应。故选F。 47. 上文“It’s best to avoid late-night snacks,(最好避免深夜小吃)”提到最好避免深夜小吃，接下来的D选项“because they fill you with unnecessary calories and can affect your sleep.(因为它们会给你带来不必要的卡路里，并可能影响你的睡眠。)”解释了为什么应该避免深夜小吃。故选D。 48. 第三段提到“When you spend time outdoors, the fresh air helps to reduce your stress. Step away from your screens and spend some time in the sun going for a walk, or staying active with a sport.(当你在户外活动时，新鲜空气有助于减轻你的压力。远离屏幕，在阳光下散散步，或者参加一项运动。)”户外运动时说到，新鲜空气有助于减轻压力，并建议进行户外活动如散步或运动。G选项“As an added benefit, the sun helps you get some vitamin D that’s important to your body.(作为额外的好处，提到阳光有助于身体获取重要的维生素D)”也进一步说到阳光可以有助于身体获取重要的维生素D，这与前文提到的户外活动相呼应，这是户外运动的额外的健康益处。故选G。 49. 第四段以“Think positively.(积极思考)”开头，强调了积极思考的重要性。E项“It’s amazing how much power our minds have over everything in our lives.(我们的思想对我们的生活有多大的影响力真是令人惊叹)”作为引入句，和小标题呼应，并为后文关于积极思考能带来的好处做了铺垫。故选E。 50. 最后一段提到“Getting poor-quality sleep not only makes you easier to get sick, but also increases the time you need to recover from illness. When you sleep well, you can wake up ready to go and be more active all day.(睡眠质量差不仅会让你更容易生病，还会增加你从疾病中恢复的时间。当你睡得好的时候，你可以起床准备出发，一整天都更加活跃。)”睡眠不足不仅会让你更容易生病，还会增加你从疾病中恢复所需的时间。而良好的睡眠可以让你醒来时精力充沛，整天都更加活跃。因此，A选项“Get a good night’s rest.(获得一个良好的夜间休息)”作为该段的小标题，与后文内容紧密相连。故选A。 Passage 11 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末)Unaided, we can’t do anything without our feet. So why, when our quality of life is directly related to being active, do many of us ignore these two vital parts of our body? 51 In 2021, a study over arise in foot tissues and how poor foot health affects everything from physical activity to the overall health of able-bodied people was conducted. “Foot problems can reduce quality of life, lead to loss of balance, make it difficult to put on shoes and increase the risk of falling,” the authors wrote in the journal Scientific Reports. Meanwhile, a 2017 study, also in Spain, of able-bodied university students confirmed this too. 52 It increased their risk of being socially cutoff. If foot pain limits your activity a and lasts more than a week, says Paul Langer, a sports-medicine podiatrist(足疗医生), it’s time to see a doctor for foot treatment. 53 They’re like the base of the Tower of Pisa. When they’re off, the tower leans (倾斜). Therefore, keeping our foot happy is rather critical. 54 Experts say every move we make creates a chain reaction in our muscles, and joints. The foot is the driver of all movement. 55 If afoot doesn’t work normally, it can drive everything up the chain to be of disfunction, too. The key to a healthy foot is strength and mobility through the hips (臀部). Therefore our feet need help from their friends above to keep them working properly. A. Spanish scientists expressed concern. B. All of this can affect activities of daily living. C. In fact, seeking help from experts is the best way. D. Poor foot health prevented them from being physically active. E. Taking care of your feet sometimes begins elsewhere in your body. F. When the foot hits the ground, everything else in the body changes. G. If the feet aren’t performing properly, they throw everything else off. 【答案】51. A 52. D 53. G 54. E 55. F 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了足部的重要性以及对人活动的影响。 51. 根据后文“In 2021, a study over arise in foot tissues and how poor foot health affects everything from physical activity to the overall health of able-bodied people was conducted. “Foot problems can reduce quality of life, lead to loss of balance, make it difficult to put on shoes and increase the risk of falling,” the authors wrote in the journal Scientific Reports. Meanwhile, a 2017 study, also in Spain, of able-bodied university students confirmed this too.( 2021年，一项关于足部组织的研究以及足部健康状况不佳如何影响从身体活动到健全人群的整体健康等方方面面的研究进行了开展。作者在《科学报告》杂志上写道：“足部问题会降低生活质量，导致失去平衡，使穿鞋困难，增加摔倒的风险。”与此同时，2017年同样在西班牙进行的一项针对健全大学生的研究也证实了这一点)”可知，后文的研究表明足部健康会影响人的整体健康水平，且西班牙的研究也证实了这一点，故本句是在说明研究人员对这一情况的看法。故A选项“西班牙科学家对此表示担忧”符合语境，故选A。 52. 根据上文“Meanwhile, a 2017 study, also in Spain, of able-bodied university students confirmed this too.(与此同时，2017年同样在西班牙进行的一项针对健全大学生的研究也证实了这一点)”以及后文“It increased their risk of being socially cutoff.(这增加了他们社交隔绝的风险)”可知，本句主要说明增加大学生社交隔绝风险的具体情况，D选项中them指代上文able-bodied university students。故D选项“脚部健康状况不佳使他们无法进行体育活动”符合语境，故选D。 53. 根据上文“If foot pain limits your activity a and lasts more than a week, says Paul Langer, a sports-medicine podiatrist (足疗医生), it’s time to see a doctor for foot treatment.(运动医学足病医生兰格说，如果足部疼痛限制了你的活动，并且持续超过一周，那么是时候去看医生进行足部治疗了)”以及后文“They’re like the base of the Tower of Pisa. When they’re off, the tower leans (倾斜).(它们就像比萨斜塔的底座。当他们不工作时，塔就会倾斜)”可知，后文把脚部活动比作是比萨斜塔的底座，故可推测脚的活动会影响身体的其他活动。故G选项“如果脚表现的不好，就会把其他一切都抛在脑后”符合语境，故选G。 54. 根据上文“Therefore, keeping our foot happy is rather critical.(因此，保持我们的脚快乐是相当关键的)”以及后文“Experts say every move we make creates a chain reaction in our muscles, and joints.(专家表示，我们的每一个动作都会在肌肉和关节中产生连锁反应)”可知，后文提到了专家指出每一个动作都会在肌肉和关节中产生连锁反应，由此可知身体的其他部位会影响脚的健康，照顾脚要从身体的其他部位开始。故E选项“照顾你的脚有时要从身体的其他部位开始”符合语境，故选E。 55. 根据上文“The foot is the driver of all movement.(脚是一切运动的动力)”以及后文“If afoot doesn’t work normally, it can drive everything up the chain to be of disfunction, too. The key to a healthy foot is strength and mobility through the hips (臀部). Therefore our feet need help from their friends above to keep them working properly.(如果一只脚不能正常工作，它也会导致链条上的所有东西失灵。健康足部的关键是臀部的力量和机动性。因此，我们的脚需要上面的朋友的帮助来保持它们正常工作)”可知，后文提到我们的脚无法正常工作，会影响与之相关的部位，由此可知脚的运动会影响其他身体部位。故F选项“当脚着地时，身体的其他部位都会发生变化”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 12 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖北武汉·期末)Flu can be very dangerous although in most people the illness may last only a week or two. Getting a flu vaccine(疫苗) every year is the best way to prevent getting the flu. 56 Recognize flu symptoms(症状). Before you can effectively treat the flu, make sure that’s what you actually have. 57 Common symptoms of flu include serious cough, sore throat, fever above 100°F, headaches, weakness and so on while symptoms of the common cold usually include mild cough, low-grade or no fever as well as slight aches. 58 In some extreme cases, the flu can cause symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization. You need to see a doctor immediately if you are experiencing the following symptoms: shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, chest pain or pressure; blueish skin or purplish lips; severe headache or neck pain. Get some rest. Sometimes it’s possible to keep working or going to school with a cold, but when you have the flu, it’s important to rest. 59 Since the flu may spread by contact, staying home is as considerate as it is necessary for your recovery. Take vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for health. Studies suggest that a proper amount of vitamin C can help remove cold and flu symptoms. 60 Then take 1000mg three times daily. Do not continue to take too much vitamin C after you feel better. Though it rarely happens, too much of it may get you poisoned. A. Know when to seek emergency medical treatment. B. But if you get the flu, it pays to learn how to treat it. C. Take a few days off to give your body time to recover. D. You can remove the discomfort of fever by using a cool cloth. E. Take 1000mg per hour within five hours when symptoms appear. F. Flu symptoms are similar to cold symptoms, but much more severe. G. Have some orange juice because it is a good source of natural vitamin C. 【答案】56. B 57. F 58. A 59. C 60. E 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些应对流感的方法。 56. 根据上文“Getting a flu vaccine (疫苗) every year is the best way to prevent getting the flu.(每年接种流感疫苗是预防流感的最好方法)”可知，打疫苗是预防流感的最好方法，根据文章接下来介绍了一些治疗流感的方法可知，空格处应填入如果得了流感等信息。B项But if you get the flu, it pays to learn how to treat it.(但是如果你得了流感，学会如何治疗是值得的)起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选B。 57. 根据上文“Before you can effectively treat the flu, make sure that’s what you actually have.(在你能有效地治疗流感之前，确保你确实患有这种疾病)”及下文“Common symptoms of flu include serious cough, sore throat, fever above 100F, headaches, weakness and so on while symptoms of the common cold usually include mild cough, low-grade or no fever as well as slight aches.(流感的常见症状包括严重咳嗽、喉咙痛、100华氏度以上的发烧、头痛、虚弱等，而普通感冒的症状通常包括轻微咳嗽、低烧或不发烧以及轻微疼痛)”可知，你需要先知道自己得了流感，之后介绍了流感的症状，因此中间缺少的应该是流感和感冒的区别。F项Flu symptoms are similar to cold symptoms, but much more severe.(流感症状与感冒症状相似，但要严重得多)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选F。 58. 由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。根据下文“In some extreme cases, the flu can cause symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization.(在某些极端情况下，流感会导致严重到需要住院治疗的症状)”以及本段内容可知，本段主要讲一些需要立刻到医院接受治疗的紧急情况，A项Know when to seek emergency medical treatment.(知道何时需要寻求紧急医疗)能够概括本段内容，符合语境。故选A。 59. 根据上文中“Sometimes it’s possible to keep working or going to school with a cold, but when you have the flu, it’s important to rest.(有时感冒可以继续工作或上学，但当你得了流感时，休息很重要)”可知，接下来要讲如何休息，C项Take a few days off to give your body time to recover.(休息几天，让你的身体有时间恢复)承接上文内容，是对上文内容的语意递进，符合语境。故选C。 60. 根据上文中“Studies suggest that a proper amount of vitamin C can help remove cold and flu symptoms.(研究表明，适量的维生素C可以帮助消除感冒和流感症状)”以及下文“Then take 1000mg three times daily.(然后每日三次，每次1000mg)”可知，中间缺少的是患流感后要如何服用维他命C的信息。E项Take 1000mg per hour within five hours when symptoms appear.(出现症状后5小时内每小时服用1000毫克)”和上下文内容相关，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 13 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖北武汉·期末)In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa, ran the championship 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State Games. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he$$ 专题06 阅读理解七选五(二) ( 地 城 高频话题 01 科学技术 ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高一下·河北张家口·期末)Are you guilty(内疚) of bad computer habits? You might not even realize it. 1 So you should break the following bad computer habits for a healthier digital life. Snacking at the screen 2 However, crumbs(碎屑) can damage your keyboard and become a suitable place for bacteria (细菌) to grow. Touching your skin after typing on a crumb-filled keyboard might as well harm your skin. Leaving the computer on around the clock Convenience often gets the better of protection, but leaving your PC or laptop on all the time can wear it down and waste electricity. 3 Your computer and your energy bill will thank you. Marathon gaming time Gaming can be an attractive hobby, with hours flying by as you’re addicted to the screen. However, over-gaming can lead to physical and mental stress, resulting in poor sleep, weakened immunity(免疫), and even mental health issues. 4 After an hour of gaming, a 10-minute break can do wonders. Using public computers carelessly Saving passwords on your personal computer is acceptable, but doing the same on public computers is a no-no. It’s extremely easy for someone with tech to know how to get those passwords and access your personal information. Be extremely careful when using public computers. 5 So, in today’s world, where digital wellness is becoming increasingly important, let’s break bad habits and have a healthier, more mindful approach to our digital lives. A. Remember to take a rest B. Make it a habit to shut it down when you’re done for the day. C. Who doesn’t love eating snacks while looking through the web? D. However, some things you do daily can harm your tech and yourself. E. Don’t you know a little comfort now could lead to a big headache later? F. Always exit the computer and never save passwords on public machines G. It’s best to shut down your computer correctly to avoid any possible damage Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高一下·江苏南京·期末) Do you really want to spend your life looking at you phone? Most time-consuming apps are invented to appeal to us. 6 These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our awareness and data about what we are likely to concentrate on rather than goods or services are being sold. And we are in fact, the product operated into giving our most valuable attention away for free. 7 Instead, advertisers are. App designers draw on users by imitating techniques used by gacha(游戏抽卡), which are widely considered to be some of the most addictive online games ever to be invented. Gacha is devised to trigger the release of dopamine. The latter is a neurotransmitter in our brains that records when behaviour is worth repeating and motivates us to taste it one more time. The tricky thing about our dopamine systems is that they are non-discriminatory. 8 We may be inspired to recount that behaviour, whichever is good for us, like exercise, or harmful, like wasting an hour scrolling on TikTok. In fact, our smartphones and apps are wrapped with considerable dopamine triggers(诱因). Glowing colours are one of them. 9 The more often online activities trigger the release of dopamine, the more likely it is for those leisure entertainments to become a habit or even an addiction. Rewards are also influential triggers. Some of the most common rewards on our phones come as social affirmation, such as a thumbs-up or a comment on a post. This is why apps such as social media, the news, email, games and shopping are so effortless to lose time on. 10 So, if we don’t recognize, don’t consciously fight back, we can be easily conditioned to seek out dopamine hits from our mobile devices like lab rats trained to press a lever to get food. A. So are novel video clips and various live-streaming with melodies. B. They’re the ones with the most dopamine triggers on our bright screen. C. There are many reasons that we are attached to our phones. D. This is how their creators make a profit from the click and usage ratio. E. Suppose specific behaviour sets off the release of dopamine. F. We only experience what we pay attention to. G. We are not the actual customers of these apps. Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高一下·浙江宁波·期末)Does your teenager seem addicted to the Internet? Probably yes. 11 At first, parents welcome the Internet into their homes, believing they are opening up an exciting new world of educational chances for their children. 12 Instead of using the Internet for homework or research, they are spending hours messaging with friends, playing online games or talking to strangers in chat rooms. Keeping a healthy balance between entertainment media and other activities in their children’s lives has always been a challenge for parents. The Internet has made this challenge even more difficult. 13 However, parents are usually not aware that there is a problem until it becomes serious. This is because it is easy to hide what you are doing online and Internet addiction is not widely recognized by the medical community. Children and young people can easily become hooked on online activities such as multi-player games, instant messaging and chat rooms. The most vulnerable children are those who are unpopular or shy with peers. 14 Boys, in particular, are frequent users of online role-playing games, where they assume new identities and interact with other players. For the children who are not so outgoing, playing these games with thousands of other users may apparently be a social activity. 15 . So parents need to help children limit the online time to an appropriate amount. A. That is especially obvious when it comes to online social games. B. In fact, playing too much can further keep them away from friends and peers. C. The amount of time teenagers spend online is a source of concern for many parents. D. But numerous parents don’t discover this worrying situation and ignore it naturally. E. However, many parents soon realize that their kids were gradually becoming Internet addicts. F. The engaging nature of the Internet makes many children lose track of time when they’re online. G. They can be easily attracted to the opportunities for creating new identities in online communities. Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一下·浙江丽水·期中)Over recent years, AI has become accessible to everyone, significantly making our lives easier compared to before. However, there are risks as well as benefits. 16 Be critical(批判性). AI can do amazing things, like create images or write stories, but it does not reflect on what it is writing. It will put text together in a way that makes sense but often cannot read “between the lines”. 17 You can use this as an opportunity to develop critical thinking skills. Watch out for chatbots. Chatbots are designed to simulate(模拟) conversations as if they were another human being. But there may not be any human checks on improper content. Don’t forget that the “person”you’re speaking to is actually a machine, not a human. 18 It only shows language based on pre-written models and rules. 19 With all the focus on AI text, you might not notice that pictures and videos are also part of the AI. Your photos and facial image become available to AI when uploaded, which makes it harder to protect your identity. So be careful about your privacy and always remember that any data you upload to the internet can be stored, scanned and processed by AI. However, the developments in this field are highly exciting. And with open policy conversations and some oversight, AI can be a powerful learning and engagement tool. - 20 A. Understand AI’s limitations. B. Pay attention to visual uploads. C. It does not share your ideals, beliefs, culture or religion. D. If left unaccompanied, chatbots could feed into your curiosity. E. Here are three things you can keep in mind as you use AI in everyday life. F. This means every word, sentence that AI creates should be treated carefully. G. The potential benefits that could arise from using this technology are endless. Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高一下·安徽安庆·期末)We’ve all heard the standard advice for lifting ourselves out of an unfavorable mood(情绪). Here are some novel ideas beyond that. 21 We all sometimes find activities we enjoy but then unaccountably stop doing them. Pick up an activity you typically enjoy but haven’t done in the past six months. This could be, for example, visiting a park you used to like to walk around, or tending a plant you’ve previously grown. Rewrite a story. We all have stories that get us down. For instance, “I should’ve done X better,” or “X was my fault.” Often, we have replayed the story so many times that we begin to see the story as fact. 22 Come up with other explanations for the causes or results of what has happened. Take a highly creative approach to a task. For example, my kid is currently learning about the 50 states. 23 A more creative way might be to ask individuals which state they grew up in and engage in a conversation about that. Solve a problem in a much simpler way. 24 It can pull down your mood and energy. It’s necessary to identify a much simpler way to solve a problem that’s populating your to-do list. For example: give something away rather than cleaning or storing it. Throw out a “must” thought. It can be a huge mental relief. You can even do this physically. Write the thought on a piece of paper and put it out with your trash! Or type out the thought and strike through it. 25 A. Then write a replaceable item. B. Start with a behavioral strategy. C. Rediscover a forgotten pleasure. D. A common way to do this is a postcard exchange. E. Having hanging items on your to-do list can feel weighty. F. Yet it’s never too late to recompose a story about your own behavior. G. Use what you already own to solve a problem rather than searching for a new resource. Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高一下·安徽蚌埠·期末)Some multi-story(多层) buildings are designed with a “soft” level that offers significantly less support than the levels above or below it. These buildings are called soft-story buildings. These floors cannot deal with the destructive forces caused by an earthquake. 26 This will cause what is known as the “soft-story collapse(倒塌)”. Soft-story buildings are characterized by having a story that has a lot of open space. 27 Hotels and office buildings can also have soft stories. Large retail space(零售空间) or floors with a lot of windows are common in such buildings. If a building has a floor that is 70% less firm than the floor above it, it is considered a soft-story building. This soft story creates a major weak point in an earthquake. Soft stories are classically associated with retail space and parking garages. 28 When they collapse, they can make the whole building fall with them, sometimes making the structure unusable. 29 When builders apply for a permit to build a new structure, engineers may analyze the plans to ensure that no soft stories are built in. If the building department decides that the building will be structurally unsound in a quake, recommendations for improving the design may be included in the rejection (拒绝) letter. Older buildings are of great concern to building departments and emergency services in areas where earthquakes are common. 30 Such projects may be relatively inexpensive, especially when compared with the cost of replacing a soft-story building after it collapses. A. As a result, the soft story may fall. B. A building with a soft story is similar. C. A collapsing building is very dangerous. D. So they are often on the lower stories of a building. E. Parking garages, for example, are often soft stories. F. These buildings are often in need of improvement to make them safer. G. Many areas in an earthquake zone have exact building rules about soft-story buildings. Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末)In the 1960s and 1970s, some writers and university professors called themselves “futurists”. These futurists tried to forecast the future. 31 The problem was that none of these futurists were scientists or engineers. So, while they knew the future would have more powerful computers, they had no clue what these computers would look like, what they could do, or what impact they would have on our lives. 32 Having said that, we can make some good guesses about future technology by looking at current scientific and technological advances. We can also ask the real experts: the scientists and engineers who are bringing us these advances. Because so much of our daily life will be integrated with computers, virtual reality will become an actual, real reality for many of us. This virtual world will at times seem as real as — if not more real than — the actual world around us. Without leaving home, you will be able to take tours of foreign countries, or even get a medical exam by a doctor in another city. 33 There is already, for example, technology which will allow blind people to see using cameras and deaf people to hear using microphones that are connected to their brains. Future technology will allow people to defeat all sorts of physical disabilities. Much research is being done to unlock the human mind. Using technology that is being developed now, people in the future may be able to not just read someone else’s mind, but also record their thoughts like one would record a movie. 34 For example, robot hands are being developed for people who have no hands. These artificial hands are connected to a person’s nerves so that the person’s brain tells the hands what to do. As a result of such advances, in the future, some people who are badly injured may become more robot than human. 35 We should all eagerly view the future as a great adventure — a new world waiting to be explored. Who knows exactly what we will find? A. Speaking of medicine, people with brain injuries will be able to find new hope. B. That is, their brains will control their robotic body parts so they can live their lives normally. C. Only a few of their predictions were right, and all of them missed the computer revolution. D. Artificial hands are made stronger and faster than human ones and work very well. E. Some other research involves using robotic technology to replace human functions. F. Many new parts will be made to replace broken human body ones. G. This should make us hesitate before we try to predict the future. Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东聊城·期末)Gift baskets are a popular gift choice. The key idea behind such a basket is that you are giving someone several smaller gifts instead of a larger one. 36 And the entire package is attractively wrapped in cellophane(玻璃纸). Gift baskets are almost always themed. They can be tailored to the recipients’(接受者) interests. Books and pens can be given to a writer. New lipstick and nail polish colors are always good choices for a make-up enthusiast. 37 A gift basket doesn’t have to be a basket. 38 This can be a chance to really highlight the theme. A gift basket for a gardening enthusiast could consist of seed packets, a nice pair of work gloves and a new gardening tool inside a terracotta pot or a watering can. For a movie fan, wrap a few DVDs and some popcorn in a fun serving bowl. 39 Pre-made gift baskets sit on the shelf already wrapped and ready for purchase. This is gift-giving at its easiest. Besides, some stores also offer gift baskets created right before your eyes. They allow you to select the items you would like in your basket, and then they’ll arrange and wrap the items for you. What’s more, you can also bring the contents home and make baskets only by yourself. Homemade ones allow you to have total control over the design. Whether you create the gift baskets by your-self or not, they are excellent presents for any occasion. 40 They can be a unique way to express your appreciation and thoughtfulness and are sure to make the recipients feel special and appreciated. A. Any container will do. B. Not everyone likes small gift baskets. C. These small items are usually packed in a container. D. So don’t forget to make some for those you care about. E. The best containers can be used long after the contents are gone. F. Whatever they look like, gift baskets can be separated into three types. G. These highly personalized baskets can make recipients especially enjoy receiving them. Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖南张家界·期末) How to pack the materials for camping Everyone needs a break from everyday life. Camping can be a great way to get outdoors and surround yourself with nature. 41 Bring a tent. 42 It should also be light and easy for transport. If it’s supposed to rain at all while you’re camping, make sure your tent has a rain cover so you don’t get wet while you’re sleeping. Some campsites or outdoor stores may offer tent rentals if you don’t have a tent you can use. Choose a sleeping bag. Sleeping bags have different ratings to determine the temperature at which they can keep you warm and comfortable. Check the weather at the campgrounds and determine what the lowest temperatures are so you know which sleeping bag to bring along. 43 But if you’re camping in cooler months, you may need something thicker. 44 Many times, a campfire is your only heat source while you’re camping, so some foods may not cook as easily as others. Look for foods that you can cook, such as hot dogs, vegetables and meats, since they’re the easiest to hold over an open fire. Pack a basic survival kit. 45 It includes items like pocket knives, flashlights, first aid supplies and multipurpose tools, so you can stay safe while you’re camping. You can either buy a prepackaged camping survival kit or you can make your own and carry it in a toolbox. A. Prepare food that’s easy to cook. B. Use a cooler to keep food cold. C. It should be large enough for you and your things. D. Look at an outdoor store for different types of tents. E. If you’re camping in summer, you can use a thin sleeping bag. F. Make sure you have a survival kit in case there’s an emergency. G. When you start planning your trip, make sure to pack the materials you need. Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Have you ever started a new task at work, only to be distracted(干扰) by a ding on your phone? Or perhaps you’re in the middle of a report, and your mind starts to wander to what you’ll have for dinner. If you find yourself familiar with any of these scenes, don’t worry. 46 Now let’s explore the reasons behind these distractions. Our brains are naturally easy to be distracted. They are wonderfully complex machines designed to absorb new information and adapt to our environment. 47 They always quickly change our attention to the new stimulus(刺激), causing us to lose focus on our current task. 48 It’s fortunate for us to have access to technology and the Internet, which provide a wealth of resources for learning, connecting, and entertaining ourselves. But this blessing is double-edged. The tools that help improve productivity can also lead to distractions. We have a short attention span(持续时间). 49 It’s said that our attention span has a cap, much like the limit on a fuel tank(油箱). And once we hit that upper limit, our focus begins searching for other limits, like a traveler eager for new landscapes. In our daily life, distractions come in many forms and the sources of distractions can vary widely. The path to a more focused and productive life isn’t necessarily about removing all distractions. It’s an impossible task in this age of information. 50 A. We live in a world full of distractions. B. We have poor time management skills. C. But this strength can also be a weakness. D. This isn’t necessarily because of a lack of interest. E. Regaining your focus might be harder than you think. F. You’re just part of a much larger group than you imagine. G. Instead, learn to acknowledge and manage them effectively. ( 地 城 高频话题 02 人与动植物 / 灾害防范 ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东肇庆·期末)City gardens are unique spots in busy cities. Who would not like to take a break from the busy life and visit these peaceful places full of life and colours? 1 They take care of the gardens and turn them into colourful places for all to enjoy. Gardens are reminders that we should slow down and appreciate the beauty of nature. 2 There, the wind hits gently on your face while carrying a refreshing fragrance(香味) of flowers. Sounds calm, right? The sound of nature calms the mind like the little bees humming or leaves whispering to each other in the mild wind. 3 It’s as if they’re telling softly stories of the earth’s wonders for those who care and love to listen to them. These places aren’t just pretty; they are a perfect place to hang out with your family or friends. They are like community centers where everyone is welcome to chat, play games, exercise, and do whatever their heart desires. 4 You can plant your own garden in the backyard and enjoy its quietness. It is scientifically proven that spending time around the greens can affect your mood(心情) positively and help you get mental peace. Everyone should visit city gardens monthly for a peaceful break. Whenever you’re feeling stressed, go to relax in nature. And when you do, don’t forget to give a nod to the gardening service teams. 5 A. They’re making it all possible. B. Imagine walking in a city garden. C. It’s like nature’s own conversation. D. That’s where gardeners are discovered. E. Gardening is nothing less than a treatment. F. What makes them even more special are the gardeners. G. It’s easy to keep these gardens good-looking and lively. Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东东营·期末)World Wildlife Day is celebrated each year on March 3rd. This is a day that has the goal of informing the general public about the plants and wild animals in the world. So you can do many things to celebrate this day. As we all know, litter can be harmful to birds, fish, and other wildlife. Therefore, make an effort to pick up any litter that you see. 6 You can visit an aquarium or zoo near you, because aquariums and zoos help a lot with endangered species, allowing their populations to increase. 7 Thus, World Wildlife Day is the perfect day to pay a local aquarium or zoo a visit. If possible, try to learn about the plants and wild animals near you. You can do some research about local wildlife. You can also research some of the threats to these plants and wild animals. 8 For example, if one of the primary threats an animal faces is litter, be sure to deal with it properly, and pick up any litter you see. If you like, you can plant a garden with native tree, bush and flower species. 9 To plant them in the garden accordingly, it is necessary to do some research beforehand on trees, bushes and flowers that are native to your area and where they would grow best. 10 There are a variety of organizations that help wildlife in different ways. If you have a specific species that you’d like to support, or even if you’d just like to help wildlife in general, there might be an organization somewhere that you can join and assist with their efforts. A. Every year, there is a theme for World Wildlife Day. B. If the threat they face is caused by human, try to help reduce it. C. These may be the only places to find certain endangered animals. D. Additionally, it’s a good way to join an organization that helps wildlife. E. These can help provide wild animals with a place where they can shelter. F. Databases online can help us find the plants which are native to our area. G. And you’d better make sure that you reduce the amount of litter you create. Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖南·期末)The number of people dying in natural disasters is lower today than it was in the past. 11 However, if you can keep your head and find the right place to stay when the ground starts shaking, you might be able to survive. 12 The biggest danger is falling pieces. Since earthquakes happen suddenly without warning, you have to think quickly to stay safe. If you are indoors during an earthquake, remember: “drop, cover and hold on.” Drop: When you feel the ground shaking or something crashing, get down on your hands and knees. 13 Quickly crawl(缓慢行进) under a strong desk or table nearby. Don’t try to run downstairs or walk to a safer place because you might fall. If you are in bed, stay there and cover your head with a pillow until the shaking stops. Cover: Use one hand to cover your neck and head. 14 If not, move towards a wall inside the building, not the outside walls with windows. Stay on your hands and knees, keeping your hand over your neck for protection. Hold on: Hold onto your desk or table with one hand while keeping the other over your neck and head. Be ready to move with the desk or table. 15 However, if you are outside, driving or at the beach, trying to find something to hide under may not be an option. A. This keeps you from falling over. B. If it is not strong enough, turn to another one. C. Earthquakes can still be destructive, though. D. Then crawl under a desk or table if there’s one close by. E. Advanced technology provides many ways for us to stay safer. F. Remember, don’t try to move until the shaking has completely stopped. G. The safest place during an earthquake is likely an open field with no trees around. Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Sending astronauts to Mars is a big challenge. It’s a long, dangerous journey. And astronauts will have to take EVERYTHING they need. 16 Launching things into space is expensive. “To get to Mars, we already have the technology,” says Michael Flynn. “The problem is, it’s costly.” 17 Instead of building a heavy spaceship and packing it full of stuff, why not build Water Walls — a recycling system and use the stuff as part of the spaceship? Making oxygen and taking away carbon dioxide — the waste gas you breathe out — is one problem in space. Water Walls will remove carbon dioxide the same way it’s done here on Earth — with living plants. Living plants take in carbon dioxide to make their food, and give off oxygen. But plants are hard to grow in a spacecraft. 18 Algae are tiny plants that live in water. The algae will live in bags in the walls too, fed by poop and sunlight, eating up carbon dioxide and making oxygen for the astronauts to breathe. 19 It’s compact(紧密的), efficient, and doesn’t need a lot of fancy machinery that might break down. A mission to Mars will require astronauts to get back to nature. Alas, the human body needs a lot of help to survive in space. If only we were more like the tardigrade! Tardigrades are very tiny insect-like creatures that live in soil. When they find themselves in danger, they roll themselves up into a ball and dry out. In this state they can survive without food or water for 100 years. 20 A. Algae can be a good choice. B. Nothing is wasted in the spacecraft. C. But Flynn thinks he has a solution. D. So a trip to Mars is full of packing challenge. E. If only we could train them to fly a spaceship. F. This onboard recycling system has many advantages. G. The more you take, the more rockets you must launch, and the more it costs. ( 地 城 高频话题 03 饮食健康 ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建福州·期末) Street Eats When it comes to running a restaurant, the three most important factors are location, location, and location! 1 These mobile restaurants can sell food at the busiest corners in a city without paying the high cost of renting a permanent space. They set up early in the morning and sell their food over a tiny counter or through a window. 2 However, mobile food vendors are not a new idea. In fact, they have been around for thousands of years. Nearly two thousand years ago, the streets of Rome were filled with food carts selling all types of meals, from sweets and snacks to hearty dinners. 3 Many did not have ovens, which made preparing a hot meal at home impossible. So instead, ancient Romans bought their food on the street. They ate and socialized with their neighbors, strengthening the community and helping the local economy at the same time. Ancient Greece had food carts too. 4 In Sparta, people ate meals of porridge or soup on the go. Mobile food vendors also have a long history in Southeast Asia. In Indonesia and Malaysia, food sellers of the late nineteenth century carried their mini-restaurants on their, backs! These mini-restaurants were made up of a stove, two stools, and a small table. 5 . The success of mobile food vendors lies in their ability to adapt to the needs of modern society. They provide a fast and convenient dining option for those on the go, while also offering a unique and authentic dining experience. As the world continues to urbanize and become more mobile, it’s likely that mobile food vendors will continue to thrive and evolve. A. That is what makes food carts such a clever idea. B. Food carts could bring vendors handsome incomes. C. Vendors with wooden carts sold fried fish to the people of Athens. D. The people of Rome lived in tiny homes without much space to cook. E. At the end of the day, they are packed up and pulled away by a car or truck. F. Street eats often remind you of the good times you spend with your friends. G. They could be put together and carried here and there in search of customers. Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高一下·河南许昌·期末)People have been adding colorings(色素) to their food for thousands of years. This tradition is widely thought to have taken place in Egyptian cities as early as 1500 BC. 6 With time going by, food colorings grew more and more popular. At one point, all food colorings got their colors from natural sources. 7 Insects and rocks were also often used as sources of food colorings. The natural world still remains a common source of many of today’s commercial colorings. Nowadays, scientists have also developed artificial(人造的) food colorings. These colorings have many advantages. For example, in many cases, it’s less expensive to create colors artificially. In addition, with artificial food colorings, people can create especially bright colors or colors hard to find in nature, such as blue. 8 Whether food colorings come naturally or artificially, there are health and safety concerns about them. 9 But they have been removed from the market due to health concerns, and some people thus try to avoid food colorings. However, avoiding food colorings can actually be quite difficult. 10 Many governments around the world limit the types of things that can be used in food colorings. And different countries have different labeling(贴标签) systems for food colorings, which allow people to be clear what food coloring it is. Many countries also make certain rules and laws to deal with adding and creating food colorings illegally. A. All food colorings come from two sources. B. Some food colorings are not good for our health. C. Plants, like flowers, were very common examples. D. Several food colorings were once recognised as safe. E. As a result, artificial food colorings are widely used. F. Measures thus have been taken for food colorings’ safety. G. At that time, candy makers used colorings to improve products’ appearance. Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Food is not just something that supports life, but tells us stories about who we are, what we value, and how we establish relationships. 11 . Food and cultural identity are closely tied. The preparation and presentation of the traditional Japanese dishes like sushi are considered an art form. 12 Similarly, the use of spices in Indian cuisine reflects the country’s rich agricultural heritage and diverse regional flavors. Through food, individuals not only nourish their bodies but also nurture a deep connection to their cultural roots, cultivating a sense of identity and belonging. 13 A typical Italian child can name twenty-two different kinds of pasta, while a child in Canada might know three to four different kinds. But it’s not just the vocabulary that matters. 14   When people are asked what comes to mind when thinking of fried eggs, the French say “breakfast” while Americans say “cholesterol(胆固醇)”. The French prize the dining experience whereas Americans lay an emphasis on what is entering the bloodstream. Food consumed by one person alone is not a social food. However, when consumed by a group of people together or eaten in a religious ceremony, it brings people together socially. In human society, food is a means for people to establish relationships between one another. 15 For instance, in the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings to express the relationship between themselves and God. In an increasingly interconnected world shaped by globalization, food not only helps preserve our culture but bridges cultural gaps, promoting understanding and appreciation across borders. A. It offers us different perspectives to know about our culture. B. Tradition is a word frequently referred to in their dictionary. C. This bond can exist among individuals and religious groups. D. A culture’s food vocabulary is also a window into its values. E. They mirror people’s culturally rooted respect for artistic value. F. It enables people to makes friends with each other while dining. G. It is also the attitudes that are transmitted through language about food. Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末)Do you have difficulty falling asleep? Do you find it hard to sleep deeply? 16 Don’t worry, experts have offered you some tips on how to make yourself a sound sleeper. Make a schedule, and stick to it. Melatonin(褪黑素) is a hormone produced by the body to control when you get sleepy and when you wake up. To work well, the release of this hormone needs to occur at regular times. If your bedtime and wake-up time change from day to day or on weekends, your sleep rhythms will be unpredictable and the body won’t know how to respond. 17 Don’t lay in bed awake. The best sleep tip you can ever give somebody is get up — don’t lay in bed awake but not sleeping. 18 Because lying in bed awake can form a link in your brain that can lead to chronic insomnia(慢性失眠). Instead of being a restful spot where you peacefully fall asleep, your bed becomes an anxious place where you toss and turn and wake up tired. 19 Many people view sleeping as the final thing they have to do in a jam-packed day. It is worth postponing to catch up on housework, schoolwork, office work or the latest television series. This thinking needs to be changed. 20 Instead, see your sleep as the amount of time you need to set yourself up for a productive tomorrow. It may sound like a small change in thinking, but it’s an important one. A. Stay positive about sleep. B. For what is that so important? C. Change your attitude towards sleep. D. You may suffer from other sleeping problems. E. So it is necessary to form a good sleeping habit. F. Don’t see your sleep as the amount of time you have left in your day. G. Therefore, it’s important to have a standard wake-up time, even on weekends. Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高一下·河北·期末)Here are some steps to help you use the power of meditation(冥想) for better sleep. Choose your focus With many meditation choices, it’s important to determine which works for you. If you’re a music lover, listening to meditation music for sleep can be relaxing. 21 . If you want simplicity, focusing on your own breath can be a practical and useful experience. 22 Your surroundings can greatly influence the quality of your meditation. It’s essential to build an environment that is helpful for relaxation. 23 —this might mean turning off notices on your phone. Dim(暗淡的) lights or candles guide senses to deep peace. Sit or lie comfortably 24 . When the goal is to help you fall into sleep more easily, lying down especially in a supportive bed can be ideal. If you can’t fall asleep quickly or feel comfortable, try sitting up with cushions(垫子) to support you. The main thing is to keep your back straight and avoid putting pressure on any part of your body. Be consistent(始终如一的) The power of meditation shines through with regular practice. As with mastering any skill, consistency is your strong supporter. Start with short parts and gradually extend as you become more comfortable. Whether it’s 5 minutes or 30 minutes, the key is to make it a nightly routine. 25 , making the process more effective gradually. A. Create the right space B. Absorb every de tail of the scene C. The base of a successful meditation is comfort D. Remember, it’s natural for the mind to wander E. Make sure your room is free from troublesome noises F. It helps to calm your mind through a regular pattern of sounds G. Over time, your brain will connect this practice with relaxation and sleep Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高一下·江苏扬州·期末)Have you ever heard of “children of the stars”? It might sound mysterious, but the expression refers to children with autism(自闭症). World Autism Awareness Day falls on April 2. 26 Autism is a disorder with signs that appear within the first three years of life. The condition is believed to involve difficulties in social communication as well as limited, repetitive behaviors, interests, or activities. 27 Many children with autism experience epilepsy(癫痫) due to differences in brain activity. Epilepsy among people with autism becomes even more common starting from teen years. At present, the exact cause of autism remains unknown, but research indicates that it is likely a result of a mix of developmental, genetic, and environmental factors. 28 If the first child in a family has autism, the chances of the second child also having autism are about 10 times higher than in families where the first child is not autistic. Although autism is a lifelong condition, there are various ways available to help them. 29 Agreements from others will make them feel proud, enabling them to communicate with others more effectively. For those close to autism sufferers, it’s useful to figure out what is acceptable and what is not. 30 For children with autism, these may benefit them for a lifetime. A. Their parents often feel depressed. B. Children with autism also have physical sufferings. C. They made less eye contact with people compared to other kids. D. It is essential not to view people with autism with a sense of strangeness. E. Older parents are more likely to have autistic children than younger parents. F. They should also have a deep understanding of autism and how to deal with it. G. It was started to raise awareness and promote acceptance of people with autism. Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建漳州·期末) How to live a longer and healthier life We’re all going to get old — but what if we could live a longer, happier and healthier life? 31 We’ve asked some experts to find out the changes that can have the biggest impact on our health, happiness and longevity. Here are the three areas you can really make difference. Socialising Having friends can be just as important to living longer as giving up smoking. Keep in mind best friends don’t occur overnight. 32 Therefore, putting time to existing relationships is important. Don’t be upset if you don’t find a best friend in a short time. Being patient and not expecting too much too soon can be helpful. What you eat First, don’t eat too much, so you keep a reasonable weight. It’s also important to watch your protein. Don’t eat too much protein, but you should eat more if you’re older to avoid muscle weakness. Another point you need to pay attention to is the intake of salt and sugar, which are mostly found in processed foods. Last, up the plant food. 33 Move your body You need to keep your muscle strength. This means that you can get out of a chair easily. Cross your arms and get out of your chair. 34 If it’s only two or three times, do it every day and see if you can build your muscles up. Regular aerobic(有氧的) exercise is also beneficial. Basically it means anything that increases your heart rate and get your lungs going. For example, when you’re going for a newspaper or walking the dog, go at a proper speed. 35 A. This is where science can help. B. Aerobic exercise is not for all ages. C. See how many times you can do it in 30 seconds. D. That’s looking after your heart and also your brain. E. Five servings of fruit and vegetables a day, if possible. F. Relationships take time and effort to develop and keep. G. Just as we need to be socially active, we need to be physically active. Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建福州·期末) Scientific Ways to Improve Our Memory If you have trouble in remembering the date or the number, you are not the only one. 36 However, a research study at UCLA in 2006 has shown that there are scientific ways to improve brain functions through simple lifestyle changes. Exercise regularly 37 So put on your trainers, go outside and start working up a good sweat. It’s healthy for both your mind and your body. 38 It’s a well-known fact eating vegetables can help keep your body healthy, and includes your brain. Various research papers state that vegetables can help lower oxidative stress in your brain as well as help retain healthy cognitive functions. Reduce stress levels Research found that intense and persistent stress, especially at high levels, can easily impair our memory and disturb our cognitive skills. 39 You can do this by meditating or taking a walk. Play video games Yes, you heard us. Get on that controller and spend a couple of hours playing your favorite video game. It’s good for your mind, according to a recent study that illustrated how these pastimes can help improve the functioning of various memory-associated regions in the brain. 40 A. Eat your vegetables. B. Try healthy foods. C. Hundreds of students suffer from poor memory. D. Memory is to experience reporting in the mind in the past. E. But don’t go overboard, too much of a good thing can be bad for you. F. So slow down, and ease yourself into taking it down a notch(冷静). G. Research found that leading a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle can lead to memory loss. Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建南平·期末)It’s hard to be energetic in your daily activities when worries are controlling your thoughts and influencing your work, school, or your home life. 41 In fact, trying to do so often makes your worries stronger. But that doesn’t mean there’s nothing you can do to control worries. 42 Rather than trying to stop an anxious thought, the following are what you can do to help: allow yourself to have it, let it out, and get physically active. Create a worry period. Choose a set time and place for worrying. It should be the same every day and early enough that it won’t make you anxious right before bedtime. During your  worry period, you’re allowed to worry about whatever is on your mind. 43 44 If an anxious thought comes into your head during the day, make a brief note of it. Taking it down is like saying it out, which helps you to reduce worries. Also, writing down your thoughts is much harder work than simply thinking them,so your worries are more likely to lose their power. Get up and get moving. Exercise is a natural and effective treatment against anxiety because it helps relieve stress, promote energy,and improve your sense of well-being(幸福). Even more importantly,by really focusing on how your body feels as you move,you can stop worries running through your head. 45 A. Write down your worries. B. You just need a different method. C. Remind yourself of the unfinished. D. Telling yourself to stop worrying doesn’t work. E. The rest of the day, however, is a worry-free time. F. The more you practice, the more control you’ll start to feel over your worries. G. As you relieve worries this way, you’ll find it easier to build up your confidence. Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高一下·福建宁德·期末)Many people think that being healthy is a difficult task that means lots of dieting and time at the gym, but that’s actually not true! 46 Soon, you’ll start to see your healthy life taking shape! Eat at the right times. A good time for a healthy, easy-to-digest evening meal is between 17:00 and 20:00. It’s best to avoid late-night snacks, 47 If you do need that midnight snack, stick to unsalted nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables. Get outside. When you spend time outdoors, the fresh air helps to reduce your stress. Step away from your screens and spend some time in the sun going for a walk, or staying active with a sport. 48 Think positively. 49 A simple positive twist on a situation can turn a setback into an opportunity. Not only will you have more energy for life, but your body can also fight off colds and heart disease better! 50 Getting poor-quality sleep not only makes you easier to get sick, but also increases the time you need to recover from illness. When you sleep well, you can wake up ready to go and be more active all day. A. Get a good night’s rest. B. Create a daily routine. C. so a positive attitude can help you avoid unhealthy habits. D. because they fill you with unnecessary calories and can affect your sleep. E. It’s amazing how much power our minds have over everything in our lives. F. Start a healthier daily habit when it comes to eating, relaxing, being active, and sleeping. G. As an added benefit, the sun helps you get some vitamin D that’s important to your body. Passage 11 (2023-2024学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末)Unaided, we can’t do anything without our feet. So why, when our quality of life is directly related to being active, do many of us ignore these two vital parts of our body? 51 In 2021, a study over arise in foot tissues and how poor foot health affects everything from physical activity to the overall health of able-bodied people was conducted. “Foot problems can reduce quality of life, lead to loss of balance, make it difficult to put on shoes and increase the risk of falling,” the authors wrote in the journal Scientific Reports. Meanwhile, a 2017 study, also in Spain, of able-bodied university students confirmed this too. 52 It increased their risk of being socially cutoff. If foot pain limits your activity a and lasts more than a week, says Paul Langer, a sports-medicine podiatrist(足疗医生), it’s time to see a doctor for foot treatment. 53 They’re like the base of the Tower of Pisa. When they’re off, the tower leans (倾斜). Therefore, keeping our foot happy is rather critical. 54 Experts say every move we make creates a chain reaction in our muscles, and joints. The foot is the driver of all movement. 55 If afoot doesn’t work normally, it can drive everything up the chain to be of disfunction, too. The key to a healthy foot is strength and mobility through the hips (臀部). Therefore our feet need help from their friends above to keep them working properly. A. Spanish scientists expressed concern. B. All of this can affect activities of daily living. C. In fact, seeking help from experts is the best way. D. Poor foot health prevented them from being physically active. E. Taking care of your feet sometimes begins elsewhere in your body. F. When the foot hits the ground, everything else in the body changes. G. If the feet aren’t performing properly, they throw everything else off. Passage 12 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖北武汉·期末)Flu can be very dangerous although in most people the illness may last only a week or two. Getting a flu vaccine(疫苗) every year is the best way to prevent getting the flu. 56 Recognize flu symptoms(症状). Before you can effectively treat the flu, make sure that’s what you actually have. 57 Common symptoms of flu include serious cough, sore throat, fever above 100°F, headaches, weakness and so on while symptoms of the common cold usually include mild cough, low-grade or no fever as well as slight aches. 58 In some extreme cases, the flu can cause symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization. You need to see a doctor immediately if you are experiencing the following symptoms: shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, chest pain or pressure; blueish skin or purplish lips; severe headache or neck pain. Get some rest. Sometimes it’s possible to keep working or going to school with a cold, but when you have the flu, it’s important to rest. 59 Since the flu may spread by contact, staying home is as considerate as it is necessary for your recovery. Take vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for health. Studies suggest that a proper amount of vitamin C can help remove cold and flu symptoms. 60 Then take 1000mg three times daily. Do not continue to take too much vitamin C after you feel better. Though it rarely happens, too much of it may get you poisoned. A. Know when to seek emergency medical treatment. B. But if you get the flu, it pays to learn how to treat it. C. Take a few days off to give your body time to recover. D. You can remove the discomfort of fever by using a cool cloth. E. Take 1000mg per hour within five hours when symptoms appear. F. Flu symptoms are similar to cold symptoms, but much more severe. G. Have some orange juice because it is a good source of natural vitamin C. Passage 13 (2023-2024学年高一下·湖北武汉·期末)In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa, ran the championship 10,000 meter track race at the Empire State Games. Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go, he collapsed on the final straightaway, with his body temperature at dangerous levels. He had suffered an exertional heat stroke(运动型中暑) or sunstroke. 61 From ancient soldiers on the battlefield to modern warriors on the gridiron(足球球场), exertional heat stroke, has long been a serious concern. And unlike classical heat stroke, which affects people such as babies and the elderly during heat waves, exertional heat stroke is caused by intense exercise in the heat. 62 So how do you diagnose an exertional heat stroke? The main criterion is a core body temperature greater than 40℃ along with signs of central nervous system disfunction such as confused behavior, or loss of consciousness. As far as treatment goes, the most important thing to remember is cool first, transport second. The human body can withstand a core temperature above 40℃ for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in. 63 After any athletic or protective gear has been removed from the victim, place them in an ice water tub while stirring the water and monitoring vitals continuously. 64 As you wait, it’s important to keep the victim calm while cooling as much surface area as possible until emergency personnel arrive. If medical staff are available on site, cooling should continue until a core temperature of 38.9℃ is reached. 65 As Dr. J Levick wrote of exertional heat stroke in 1859, “It strikes down its victim with his full armor on. Youth, health and strength oppose no obstacle to its power.” But don’t be frightened so much for it has been 100% survivable with proper care. A. Fortunately he survived with immediate treatment. B. When possible seek out places with air-conditioners. C. So it’s necessary to start cooling as quickly as possible. D. But emergency services should be called before you start. E. The sun can also take lives away if people are not careful. F. So far it has been one of the top three killers of athletes in training. G. It is important to keep the body temperature close to its normal temperature. 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$