专题04 祈使句、therebe 句型和特殊疑问句-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(人教版)

2025-05-22
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创佳质英语乐园
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 特殊疑问句,祈使句
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 1.59 MB
发布时间 2025-05-22
更新时间 2025-06-06
作者 创佳质英语乐园
品牌系列 上好课·暑假轻松学
审核时间 2025-05-22
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/52239921.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

内容正文:

专题04 祈使句、there be句型和特殊疑问句 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 ( 祈使句 ) ( 考点一 语法概述 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) ( 考点 二 祈使句的类型 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )祈使句表达请求、命令、警告、劝告、禁止等含义。一般以动词原形开头,常省略主语 “you”,句末用感叹号或句号,读时常用降调。 1.Do 型 肯定形式:实义动词原形 + 其他。例如:Open the door!(打开门!) 否定形式:Don't + 实义动词原形 + 其他。例如:Don't forget to turn off the lights.(别忘了关灯。) 2.Be 型 肯定形式:Be + 形容词。例如:Be careful!(小心!) 否定形式:Don't + e + 形容词。例如:Don't be lazy.(别偷懒。) 3.Let 型 肯定形式:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:Let's play football.(咱们踢足球吧。) 否定形式: Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:Don't let the dog in the house.(别让狗进屋子。) Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:Let him not go out alone.(别让他一个人出去。) 4.No 型 结构:No + 名词/动词 - ing。例如:No parking.(禁止停车。);No littering.(禁止乱扔垃圾。) 5.其他 ( 考点 三 知识拓展 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )形式:直接用名词、副词或 “名词 + 副词” 等。例如:Attention!(注意!);Forward!(向前!);Hands down!(把手放下!) 1.强调:有时为强调,可在句首加 “Do” 或将祈使句的主语表示出来。例如:Do come in.(务必进来。);You clean the classroom.(你打扫教室。) 2.委婉客气:为使祈使句语气委婉、客气,可在句首或句末加 “please”,当 “please” 用在句末时,常用逗号与其余部分隔开。例如:Please pass me the book.(请递给我那本书。);Come in, please.(请进。) 巧学妙记 祈使句表命令,还表请求或建议。 动词原形放句首,主语是 you 常省去。 Don't 置前表否定,let 否定有两种。 ( 考点 四 祈使句的回答 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )想要客气 please,Do 置开头强语气。 祈使句通常表示将要发生的动作,回答时一般用 “will” 或 “won't”。回答肯定形式的祈使句用 “will”,回答否定形式的祈使句用 “won't”。 例如: “Please call me tomorrow.(请明天给我打电话。)” “OK, I will.(好的,我会的。)” “Don't run in the hallway.(不要在走廊里跑。)” “Sorry, I won't.(对不起,我不会了。)” ( There be 句型 ) ( 考点 一 There be句型结构 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) there be 句型表示某处有某人或某物。常用结构为:there is/are +某人/某物+地点状语。There is a computer on the desk. 桌子上有一台电脑。 There are twenty students in the classroom. 教室里有20个学生。 1)肯定句: There is a computer in your study. 2)否定句--在“be”后加“not”: There isn’t a computer in your study. 3)一般疑问句--将“be”提到“there”之前:—— Is there a computer in your study? ——Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. · 当肯定句中有some时,变否定和疑问句要将其改为any There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water? 4)特殊疑问句:There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化: ①对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构: How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? How many apples are there on the tree? How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语? How much water is there in the bottle? There are 45 students in our class.(就划线部分提问) _____ _____ students _____ there in _____ class? ②对主语提问:当主语是人时,用"Who's+介词短语?"; 当主语是物时,用"What's + 介词短语?"。 注:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。 There are many things over there. →What's over there? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room? ③对地点状语提问:提问地点用"Where is / are+主语?" There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? 地点状语也可放在句首,有时可用“,”与后面的部分隔开。 ( 考点 二 There be的be动词确定 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures. 在there be 句型中,be为谓语动词,它在人称和数上应与其临近的主语保持一致。 (1) 若主语为单数或不可数名词,be动词用is。 There is a photo of a star on the wall. 墙上有一张明星照。 (2)若主语是可数名词复数,be动词用are。 There are many animals in the zoo. 动物园里有许多动物。 (3)若有多个主语并列时,谓语动词一般采用“就近原则”。 There is a boy and four girls in our classroom. There are four girls and a boy in our classroom. ( 考点 三 there be与have(has)区别 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) there be 句型与have(has)t同为“有”的意思,但用法有区别。there be结构表示“某地存在某物”; have(has)表示“某人拥有某物”。 There is an orange in the box. 盒子里有一个橘子。 (表示存在) Tony has a car. 托尼有一辆汽车。(表示某人拥有) ( 特殊疑问句 )当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换。 eg.   A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. ( 考点 一 概念 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) ( 考点 二 疑问词的分类及用法 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )特殊疑问句是用特殊疑问词引导,对句中某一成分进行提问的句子。回答时要给出具体信息,不能简单用 yes 或 no,句末通常用降调。 (1)疑问代词 ①who/whom: 用法:对人进行提问,who 在句中作主语或宾语,whom 只作宾语(在口语中常用 who 代替 whom)。 例句:Who is your teacher?(谁是你的老师?) 这里 who 作主语。 例句:Who/Whom did you meet yesterday?(你昨天遇到谁了?) 这里 who/whom 作宾语。 ②whose: 用法:对名词所有格或物主代词进行提问,表示 “谁的”。 例句:Whose book is this?(这是谁的书?) ③what: 用法:对事物进行提问。 例句:What is your favorite sport?(你最喜欢的运动是什么?) ④which: 用法:对特定范围内的人或事物进行提问,意为 “哪一个”。 例句:Which color do you like better, red or blue?(红色和蓝色,你更喜欢哪一个颜色?) (2)疑问副词 ①when: 用法:对时间进行提问。 例句:When do you get up every day?(你每天什么时候起床?) ②where: 用法:对地点进行提问。 例句:Where is your school?(你的学校在哪里?) ③why: 用法:对原因进行提问。 例句:Why are you late?(你为什么迟到?) ④how: 用法:对行为方式、身体状况或程度等进行提问。 例句:How do you go to school?(你怎么去上学?) 这里问方式。 例句:How are you feeling today?(你今天感觉怎么样?) 这里问身体状况。 (3)疑问词组 ①what class/grade: 用法:对所在班级或年级进行提问。 例句:What class are you in?(你在哪个班级?) ②what colour: 用法:对颜色进行提问。 例句:What colour is your bag?(你的书包是什么颜色?) ③what time: 用法:对时间点进行提问。 例句:What time is it now?(现在几点了?) ④how many: 用法:对可数名词的数量进行提问。 例句:How many students are there in your class?(你们班有多少学生?) ⑤how much: 用法:对不可数名词的量或事物的价钱进行提问。 例句:How much water do you need?(你需要多少水?) 例句:How much is this shirt?(这件衬衫多少钱?) ⑥how old: 用法:对年龄进行提问。 例句:How old are you?(你多大了?) ⑦how tall: 用法:对高度进行提问。 例句:How tall is the building?(这座建筑物有多高?) ⑧how often: 用法:对频率进行提问。 例句:How often do you play basketball?(你多久打一次篮球?) how long: 用法:对长度或时间段进行提问。 例句:How long is the river?(这条河有多长?) 例句:How long have you lived here?(你在这里住了多久了?) how far: 用法:对距离进行提问。 例句:How far is it from your home to school?(从你家到学校有多远?) what day: 用法:对星期进行提问。 例句:What day is it today?(今天星期几?) 祈使句 1._________ call me Wangwang! It’s my dog’s name! A.Not B.No C.Don’t D.Doesn’t 2.—________ late for class again. —Sorry, I won’t。 A.Don’t B.Don’t be C.Not be D.Be not 3.Don’t ______ in the hallways. It’s dangerous. A.run B.runs C.running D.to run 4.________ late for class again, Lily. A.Be B.Can’t C.Don’t be D.Don’t 5.—Attention, please! ________ inside because of the heavy rain. —We will, Mr Li. A.To stay B.Stay C.Staying D.Stays 6.—John, ________ up now or we’ll be late for the bus. —All right. I’ll be quick. A.gets B.get C.to get D.getting 7.—John, _________ the classroom right now. It’s too dirty.    —OK. A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.not clean 8.Hurry up, ________ you’ll miss the bus. A.and B.so C.because D.or 9.Read more books, ________ you will improve your reading skills. A.so B.such C.and D.or 10. _______ a diary, and you will improve your writing skills. A.Keep B.Keeps C.To keep D.Keeping There be 句型 1.—________ something wrong with my computer. Can I use yours? —No problem. A.It is B.It was C.There is D.There was 2.There ________ any books on your desk. A.aren’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.doesn’t 3.There ________ a tiger and two lions in the zoo. A.is B.are C.have D.has 4.There ________ some water in the pond. Do you want to go fishing? A.is B.are C.have D.has 5.—Are there any students in the playground? —________. All of them are in the classroom. A.Yes, there are B.No, there aren’t C.Yes, they are D.No, they aren’t 6.How many members ______ in your reading group? A.are there B.there is C.is there D.there are 7.—Is there a supermarket around the old street? —________. I often go shopping there. A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t C.Yes, there are D.No, there aren’t 8.There ______ some old houses near my school last year. A.is B.are C.was D.were 9.—Is ________ an ________ panda in the picture?        —No, there isn’t. A.there; smart B.those; interesting C.there; ugly D.that; scary 10.There are ________ in the classroom. A.a student B.a students C.two student D.two students 特殊疑问句 1.— ________ is the nearest hospital from here? — About two kilometers. A.How long B.How far C.How often D.How soon 2.—______ do you go to the library? —Twice a week. A.How long B.How often C.How far D.How soon 3.—    are you going to London? —I think I will take a train to get there. A.What B.How C.Why D.Where 4.—Could you please tell me ________ the library is from here? —It’s about fifteen minutes’ ride. A.how soon B.how long C.how far D.how many 5.—________ did you do in the activity? —We planted trees and cleaned the garden. A.What B.When C.Where D.How 6.—________? —They are listening to music. A.What do they do B.What are you doing C.How’s it going D.What are your grandparents doing 7.—________ is the boy reading now? —In the classroom. A.What B.Where C.How D.When 8.—________ does he go to clubs after school? — Never. A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How long 9.—________ do you like pandas? —Because they are pretty fun. A.What B.When C.Where D.Why 10.—________ was your first English teacher?     —Miss Zhou. A.What B.Who C.Where D.When 11.—________ salt (盐) do you need to cook Capsicum Fried Meat (辣椒炒肉)? —Two teaspoons. A.How many B.How far C.How much D.How old 12.—________ does it take you to get to school? —About 20 minutes. A.How long B.How far C.How many D.How much 13.—__________ new bikes are these? —I think they are __________. A.Whose; Tim and Tom’s B.Who’s; Tim’s and Tom’s C.Who’s; Tim and Tom’s D.Whose; Tim’s and Tom’s 14.—________ is your telephone number?   —It’s 0532-86982896. A.How many B.How much C.Where D.What 15.—________ is the new coat? —It’s 80 yuan. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often 16.—________ milk do you need? —Two bottles. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far 真题感知 1.(2023·上海·中考真题)Let’s hurry up, ________ we’ll be late for the lecture about fire safety. A.or B.so C.and D.but 2.(2023·西藏·中考真题)________ swimming in the river! It’s dangerous! A.Go B.Goes C.Don’t go D.To go 3.(2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题)David, go to bed early, ________ you will feel sleepy in class tomorrow. A.and B.unless C.or D.but 4.(2023·河北·中考真题)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the concert. A.so B.or C.and D.but 5.(2023·甘肃武威·中考真题)________ trying and do your best. A.Keep B.Keeping C.To keep D.Kept 6.(2023·吉林长春·中考真题)_______ less time on the phone at night, or you will find it hard to fall asleep. A.Spend B.Spending C.To spend D.Spent 7.(2022·西藏·中考真题)Don’t ________ any noise when you are in the library. A.makes B.make C.making D.made 8.(2022·上海·中考真题)Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A.and B.or C.but D.for 9.(2022·山东济南·中考真题)________ more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy. A.Exercise B.To exercise C.Exercises D.Exercising 10.(2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题)Have a try, ________ you will never know what you can achieve. A.or B.while C.till D.and 11.(24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)There ________ any bottles of juice in the fridge, but there is some tea in the kitchen. A.aren’t B.isn’t C.are D.is 12.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk. A.is B.has C.are D.have 13.(23-24七年级下·北京通州·期末)There ______ some old houses near my school last year. A.is B.are C.was D.were 14.(22-23七年级下·重庆开州·期末)Look, ___________ many restaurants in front of the bank. A.has         . B.have C.there is D.there are 15.(2024·四川·中考真题)—________ did Mike say when you told him about the party? —He said he would be happy to come. A.How B.When C.Why D.What 16.(2024·四川广元·中考真题)—Excuse me. ________ can I get the car if I order it today? —In a month. A.How soon B.How long C.How much D.How often 17.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)—________ do you walk your dog every day, Bob? —For about half an hour. A.How much B.How long C.How often D.How many 18.(2024·江苏徐州·中考真题)—________ do the notebooks cost? —They are five yuan each. A.How much B.How many C.How often D.How long 19.(2024·西藏·中考真题)They are good at drawing, but ________ painting is the best? A.whose B.whom C.what D.who 20.(2024·西藏·中考真题)—This watch is cool! ________ is it? —198 yuan. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How old 21.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)—Fanfan, _______ do you read books after school every day? —For about one hour. And I often write down my ideas while reading. A.how far B.how long C.how often D.how soon 22.(2024·北京·中考真题)— Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. ________ did you buy it? — In a store near my home. A.How B.Where C.Why D.When 23.(2024·江苏常州·中考真题)—______ is it from Changzhou to Beijing? —It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train. A.How long B.How far C.How soon D.How often 24.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)—________ are these sports socks? —10 yuan for 3 pairs. A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How long 25.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)________ is the girl wearing a scarf? Is she your sister? A.Who B.Which C.What D.Where 26.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ was the zipper invented? —In 1893. A.When B.How C.Why D.Where 27.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ have you been learning English? —For 7 years. A.How old B.How long C.How often D.How big 提升专练 1.— ________ out of the window. Please listen to the teacher. — ________ A.Doesn’t look; Good idea! B.Don’t look; Sorry, I won’t. C.Don’t look; OK! D.Not look; No way! 2.Jim, ________ eat in the classroom! A.not B.don’t C.doesn’t D.no 3.________ make any noise. You’re in the reading room. A.Doesn’t B.Didn’t C.Don’t D.Did 4.Jenny, ________ out the form please. You are allowed to join the sports club. A.fills B.fill C.will fill D.filled 5.________ quiet, Peter. Your mother is writing a report. A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Keeps 6.Please _________ hard and you’ll get good grades in this exam. A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied 7.—Mum, what should I do now? — ________ the fruit into small pieces, please. A.Cut B.To cut C.Cutting D.Cuts 8.Have enough sleep, ________ you’ll get better soon. A.but B.and C.if D.while 9.Study hard, ________ you’ll make great progress in English. A.or B.and C.because D.so 10.Be more careful, ________ I’m sure you will make fewer mistakes. A.so B.but C.or D.and 11.________ 20 girls in my class, and I ________ two good friends of them. A.There have; are B.There have; have C.There is; are D.There are; have 12.There ________ a robot in every family in the future. A.is B.are C.will be D.will have 13.There ________ five people in my ________. A.are; home B.is; home C.are; family D.is; family 14.There _______ a computer on every student’s desk in the future. A.is B.was C.will be D.will have 15.There is a post office across from the park. A.表语 B.主语 C.宾语 D.定语 16.There are not many giant pandas ________ in the world. A.live B.to live C.living D.lives 17.—________ is it from your home to the park? —It’s about five minutes’ walk. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far 18.—________? —Next to the window. A.What colour are the bookcases B.How much are the bookcases C.Where are the bookcases D.Are there any bookcases 19.—Excuse me, sir. ________ is the water? —Two yuan a bottle. A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How old 20.— ________ do you celebrate your birthday each year, Emma? —I usually eat out with my family on that day. A.Who B.How C.Why D.When 21.— _________ do you do morning exercise every day? — To stay in shape. A.What B.How C.Where D.Why 22.—________ workers are there in each workshop? —There are 20 to 100 workers. A.How much B.How many C.How about D.How long 23.—_________ is the sports hall? —It’s in the front of my school. A.Where B.What C.When D.How 24.—________ is the yogurt? — Two yuan. A.How old B.How long C.How many D.How much 25.—________ piano is this? — My mother’s. A.Who B.Where C.How D.Whose 26.—What does your sister ________ after school? —She often ________ TV. A.does; watches B.does; watch C.do; watches D.do; watch 27.—________ does Lin Hua usually go to bed? —At ten to ten. And it is too late for me. A.How old B.How long C.How many D.What time 28.—________ do you think of my red dress? —Beautiful. You look nice ________ red. A.What; in B.How; in C.What; on D.How; on 29.—________ do you feel about IT? —It’s easy and relaxing. A.Why B.How C.Which D.Who 30.—________ do you usually play basketball? —I usually play basketball before dinner. A.What time B.When C.How often D.How 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 祈使句、there be句型和特殊疑问句 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 ( 祈使句 ) ( 考点一 语法概述 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) ( 考点 二 祈使句的类型 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )祈使句表达请求、命令、警告、劝告、禁止等含义。一般以动词原形开头,常省略主语 “you”,句末用感叹号或句号,读时常用降调。 1.Do 型 肯定形式:实义动词原形 + 其他。例如:Open the door!(打开门!) 否定形式:Don't + 实义动词原形 + 其他。例如:Don't forget to turn off the lights.(别忘了关灯。) 2.Be 型 肯定形式:Be + 形容词。例如:Be careful!(小心!) 否定形式:Don't + e + 形容词。例如:Don't be lazy.(别偷懒。) 3.Let 型 肯定形式:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:Let's play football.(咱们踢足球吧。) 否定形式: Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:Don't let the dog in the house.(别让狗进屋子。) Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:Let him not go out alone.(别让他一个人出去。) 4.No 型 结构:No + 名词/动词 - ing。例如:No parking.(禁止停车。);No littering.(禁止乱扔垃圾。) 5.其他 ( 考点 三 知识拓展 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )形式:直接用名词、副词或 “名词 + 副词” 等。例如:Attention!(注意!);Forward!(向前!);Hands down!(把手放下!) 1.强调:有时为强调,可在句首加 “Do” 或将祈使句的主语表示出来。例如:Do come in.(务必进来。);You clean the classroom.(你打扫教室。) 2.委婉客气:为使祈使句语气委婉、客气,可在句首或句末加 “please”,当 “please” 用在句末时,常用逗号与其余部分隔开。例如:Please pass me the book.(请递给我那本书。);Come in, please.(请进。) 巧学妙记 祈使句表命令,还表请求或建议。 动词原形放句首,主语是 you 常省去。 Don't 置前表否定,let 否定有两种。 ( 考点 四 祈使句的回答 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )想要客气 please,Do 置开头强语气。 祈使句通常表示将要发生的动作,回答时一般用 “will” 或 “won't”。回答肯定形式的祈使句用 “will”,回答否定形式的祈使句用 “won't”。 例如: “Please call me tomorrow.(请明天给我打电话。)” “OK, I will.(好的,我会的。)” “Don't run in the hallway.(不要在走廊里跑。)” “Sorry, I won't.(对不起,我不会了。)” ( There be 句型 ) ( 考点 一 There be句型结构 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) there be 句型表示某处有某人或某物。常用结构为:there is/are +某人/某物+地点状语。There is a computer on the desk. 桌子上有一台电脑。 There are twenty students in the classroom. 教室里有20个学生。 1)肯定句: There is a computer in your study. 2)否定句--在“be”后加“not”: There isn’t a computer in your study. 3)一般疑问句--将“be”提到“there”之前:—— Is there a computer in your study? ——Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. · 当肯定句中有some时,变否定和疑问句要将其改为any There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water? 4)特殊疑问句:There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化: ①对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构: How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? How many apples are there on the tree? How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语? How much water is there in the bottle? There are 45 students in our class.(就划线部分提问) _____ _____ students _____ there in _____ class? ②对主语提问:当主语是人时,用"Who's+介词短语?"; 当主语是物时,用"What's + 介词短语?"。 注:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。 There are many things over there. →What's over there? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room? ③对地点状语提问:提问地点用"Where is / are+主语?" There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? 地点状语也可放在句首,有时可用“,”与后面的部分隔开。 ( 考点 二 There be的be动词确定 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures. 在there be 句型中,be为谓语动词,它在人称和数上应与其临近的主语保持一致。 (1) 若主语为单数或不可数名词,be动词用is。 There is a photo of a star on the wall. 墙上有一张明星照。 (2)若主语是可数名词复数,be动词用are。 There are many animals in the zoo. 动物园里有许多动物。 (3)若有多个主语并列时,谓语动词一般采用“就近原则”。 There is a boy and four girls in our classroom. There are four girls and a boy in our classroom. ( 考点 三 there be与have(has)区别 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) there be 句型与have(has)t同为“有”的意思,但用法有区别。there be结构表示“某地存在某物”; have(has)表示“某人拥有某物”。 There is an orange in the box. 盒子里有一个橘子。 (表示存在) Tony has a car. 托尼有一辆汽车。(表示某人拥有) ( 特殊疑问句 )当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换。 eg.   A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. ( 考点 一 概念 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 ) ( 考点 二 疑问词的分类及用法 inin/on/to 时的句式结构 )特殊疑问句是用特殊疑问词引导,对句中某一成分进行提问的句子。回答时要给出具体信息,不能简单用 yes 或 no,句末通常用降调。 (1)疑问代词 ①who/whom: 用法:对人进行提问,who 在句中作主语或宾语,whom 只作宾语(在口语中常用 who 代替 whom)。 例句:Who is your teacher?(谁是你的老师?) 这里 who 作主语。 例句:Who/Whom did you meet yesterday?(你昨天遇到谁了?) 这里 who/whom 作宾语。 ②whose: 用法:对名词所有格或物主代词进行提问,表示 “谁的”。 例句:Whose book is this?(这是谁的书?) ③what: 用法:对事物进行提问。 例句:What is your favorite sport?(你最喜欢的运动是什么?) ④which: 用法:对特定范围内的人或事物进行提问,意为 “哪一个”。 例句:Which color do you like better, red or blue?(红色和蓝色,你更喜欢哪一个颜色?) (2)疑问副词 ①when: 用法:对时间进行提问。 例句:When do you get up every day?(你每天什么时候起床?) ②where: 用法:对地点进行提问。 例句:Where is your school?(你的学校在哪里?) ③why: 用法:对原因进行提问。 例句:Why are you late?(你为什么迟到?) ④how: 用法:对行为方式、身体状况或程度等进行提问。 例句:How do you go to school?(你怎么去上学?) 这里问方式。 例句:How are you feeling today?(你今天感觉怎么样?) 这里问身体状况。 (3)疑问词组 ①what class/grade: 用法:对所在班级或年级进行提问。 例句:What class are you in?(你在哪个班级?) ②what colour: 用法:对颜色进行提问。 例句:What colour is your bag?(你的书包是什么颜色?) ③what time: 用法:对时间点进行提问。 例句:What time is it now?(现在几点了?) ④how many: 用法:对可数名词的数量进行提问。 例句:How many students are there in your class?(你们班有多少学生?) ⑤how much: 用法:对不可数名词的量或事物的价钱进行提问。 例句:How much water do you need?(你需要多少水?) 例句:How much is this shirt?(这件衬衫多少钱?) ⑥how old: 用法:对年龄进行提问。 例句:How old are you?(你多大了?) ⑦how tall: 用法:对高度进行提问。 例句:How tall is the building?(这座建筑物有多高?) ⑧how often: 用法:对频率进行提问。 例句:How often do you play basketball?(你多久打一次篮球?) how long: 用法:对长度或时间段进行提问。 例句:How long is the river?(这条河有多长?) 例句:How long have you lived here?(你在这里住了多久了?) how far: 用法:对距离进行提问。 例句:How far is it from your home to school?(从你家到学校有多远?) what day: 用法:对星期进行提问。 例句:What day is it today?(今天星期几?) 祈使句 1._________ call me Wangwang! It’s my dog’s name! A.Not B.No C.Don’t D.Doesn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意:不要叫我旺旺!这是我狗的名字! 考查祈使句的否定形式。Not不(副词);No不(形容词);Don’t不要(否定祈使句);Doesn’t不(第三人称单数形式)。在英语中,祈使句的否定形式通常用“Don’t + 动词原形”来表示。根据“It’s my dog’s name!”可知,此处表示“不要叫我旺旺”,用Don’t符合语境。故选C。 2.—________ late for class again. —Sorry, I won’t。 A.Don’t B.Don’t be C.Not be D.Be not 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——别再迟到了。——抱歉,我不会再迟到了。 考查祈使句和形容词短语。“Don’t +动词原形”构成祈使句的否定形式,be late for“迟到”,故选B。 3.Don’t ______ in the hallways. It’s dangerous. A.run B.runs C.running D.to run 【答案】A 【详解】句意:不要在走廊里跑。这很危险。 考查祈使句否定形式用法。run动词原形;runs第三人称单数形式;running现在分词形式;to run动词不定式。“Don’t+动词原形”是祈使句的否定形式,表示“不要做某事”。这里需要一个动词原形来构成祈使句,故选A。 4.________ late for class again, Lily. A.Be B.Can’t C.Don’t be D.Don’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意:莉莉,上课不要再迟到了。 考查祈使句的否定形式。此句为表示提醒的祈使句的否定形式。be late for“迟到”,祈使句的否定形式是在动词原形be前加Don’t,变为Don’t be。故选C。 5.—Attention, please! ________ inside because of the heavy rain. —We will, Mr Li. A.To stay B.Stay C.Staying D.Stays 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——请注意!由于大雨,请待在室内。——我们会的,李老师。 考查祈使句。根据“...inside because of the heavy rain.”可知,此处是劝告对方待在室内,为祈使句,应用动词原形开头。故选B。 6.—John, ________ up now or we’ll be late for the bus. —All right. I’ll be quick. A.gets B.get C.to get D.getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——John,现在起床,否则我们会赶不上公交车。——好的。我会很快的。 考查祈使句。根据“John, ... up now or we’ll be late for the bus.”可知此处是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选B。 7.—John, _________ the classroom right now. It’s too dirty.    —OK. A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.not clean 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——约翰,现在把教室打扫一下。太脏了。——好的。 考查祈使句。clean打扫,动词原形;to clean去打扫,不定式;cleaning正在打扫,现在分词;not clean不打扫,否定形式。根据“the classroom right now”可知本句用祈使句,表示命令或建议,通常以动词原形开头,省略主语。故选A。 8.Hurry up, ________ you’ll miss the bus. A.and B.so C.because D.or 【答案】D 【详解】句意:快点,否则你会错过公共汽车的。 考查连词辨析。and和,并且,表并列或顺承关系;so所以,因此,表因果关系;because因为,表原因;or或者,否则,表选择或表示一种否定的条件结果关系。根据“Hurry up, ... you’ll miss the bus.”可知,前半句为祈使句,后半句表示不采取前句行动的后果,or“否则”,符合语境。故选D。 9.Read more books, ________ you will improve your reading skills. A.so B.such C.and D.or 【答案】C 【详解】句意:多读书,你的阅读技能就会提高。 考查祈使句。so所以;such如此;and并且,表递进;or否则。这里的句式是祈使句+and/or陈述句。根据Read more books“多读书”及“you will improve your reading skills.”可知,表示递进,用and。故选C。 10. _______ a diary, and you will improve your writing skills. A.Keep B.Keeps C.To keep D.Keeping 【答案】A 【详解】句意:坚持写日记,你会提高你的写作技巧。 考查祈使句。根据“…a diary, and you will improve your writing skills.”可知,该句为祈使句,应用动词原形开头。故选A。 There be 句型 1.—________ something wrong with my computer. Can I use yours? —No problem. A.It is B.It was C.There is D.There was 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我的电脑出了些问题。我能使用你的吗?——没问题。 考查There be句型。分析句意可知,电脑存在一些问题,英语中的“存在”用there be句型表达。另外,there be句型使用时be动词与主语单复数一致,不定代词something作单数,应用there is。故选C。 2.There ________ any books on your desk. A.aren’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.doesn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你的桌子上没有书。 考查there be句型的否定句。根据“There…any books on your desk.”可知,此处为there be句型,遵循就近原则,不与do连用,变否定句时在be动词后加not,books为名词复数形式,be动词用are。故选A。 3.There ________ a tiger and two lions in the zoo. A.is B.are C.have D.has 【答案】A 【详解】句意:动物园里有一只老虎和两只狮子。 考查There be 句型。根据“There...a tiger and two lions in the zoo.”可知,本句为There be 句型,遵循就近原则,“a tiger“是单数,需用is,故选A。 4.There ________ some water in the pond. Do you want to go fishing? A.is B.are C.have D.has 【答案】A 【详解】句意:池塘里有一些水。你想去钓鱼吗? 考查there be句型及主谓一致。is是,be的第三人称单数现在时形式;are是,be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式;have有,动词原形;has有,三单形式。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,此句为there be句型,主语“water”为不可数名词,be动词用is。故选A。 5.—Are there any students in the playground? —________. All of them are in the classroom. A.Yes, there are B.No, there aren’t C.Yes, they are D.No, they aren’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——操场上有学生吗?——不,没有。他们都在教室里。 考查一般疑问句。根据“All of them are in the classroom.”可知,此处应是否定回答,“Are there…”一般疑问句的否定回答为“No, there aren’t”。故选B。 6.How many members ______ in your reading group? A.are there B.there is C.is there D.there are 【答案】A 【详解】句意:你们阅读组有多少成员? 考查there be句型用法。根据“How many members...in your reading group?”可知,本句为特殊疑问句,there be句型中be动词需放在there之前,members“成员”为名词复数,be动词需are。故选A。 7.—Is there a supermarket around the old street? —________. I often go shopping there. A.Yes, there is B.No, there isn’t C.Yes, there are D.No, there aren’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——老街附近有超市吗?——是的,有。我经常去那里购物。 考查there be句型的一般疑问句。根据“Is there a supermarket around the old street?”和“I often go shopping there.”可知,此处为there be句型,且应进行肯定回答,be动词为is,其肯定回答结构为“Yes, there is.”。故选A。 8.There ______ some old houses near my school last year. A.is B.are C.was D.were 【答案】D 【详解】句意:去年在我学校附近有一些老房子。 考查there be句型和时态辨析。根据时间状语“last year”可知,句子时态为一般过去时;主语“some old houses”是复数形式,因此be动词用复数形式were。故选D。 9.—Is ________ an ________ panda in the picture?        —No, there isn’t. A.there; smart B.those; interesting C.there; ugly D.that; scary 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——照片中有一只丑陋的熊猫吗?——不,没有。 考查there be句型和形容词。根据回答“there isn’t”可知问句应是“Is there…”,故第一空填there;由第二空前的“an”可知第二空应填元音音素开头的单词,结合选项可知填ugly。故选C。 10.There are ________ in the classroom. A.a student B.a students C.two student D.two students 【答案】D 【详解】句意:教室里有两个学生。 考查There be句型用法。a student一个学生;a students错误表达;two student错误表达;two students两个学生。student“学生”为可数名词,根据“are”可知,其后跟名词复数。故填D。 特殊疑问句 1.— ________ is the nearest hospital from here? — About two kilometers. A.How long B.How far C.How often D.How soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——最近的医院离这儿有多远?——大约两公里。 考查疑问词组辨析。How long多长;How far多远;How often多久一次;How soon多久以后。根据答语“About two kilometers”可知问距离。故选B。 2.—______ do you go to the library? —Twice a week. A.How long B.How often C.How far D.How soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你多久去一次图书馆?——每周两次。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多久;How often多久一次;How far多远;How soon多久以后。根据“Twice a week.”可知,问句是问频率,用how often提问。故选B。 3.—    are you going to London? —I think I will take a train to get there. A.What B.How C.Why D.Where 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你要怎样去伦敦?——我想我会坐火车到那里。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么;How怎样;Why为什么;Where在哪里。根据答语中的“I think I will take a train to get there.”可知,问句是对“交通方式”的提问,用特殊疑问词how,意为“怎样”。故选B。 4.—Could you please tell me ________ the library is from here? —It’s about fifteen minutes’ ride. A.how soon B.how long C.how far D.how many 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你能告诉我图书馆离这里有多远吗?——骑车大约15分钟。 考查特殊疑问词组辨析。how soon询问“多久之后”,通常与将来时连用;how long询问“时间长度”或“物体长度”;how far询问“距离远近”;how many询问“可数名词的数量”。根据答语“It’s about fifteen minutes’ ride.骑车15分钟的路程”可知问句询问距离。故选C。 5.—________ did you do in the activity? —We planted trees and cleaned the garden. A.What B.When C.Where D.How 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你在活动中做了什么?——我们种树和打扫花园。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么;When什么时候;Where哪里;How怎样。根据回答“We planted trees and cleaned the garden.”和选项可知,是询问对方在活动中做了什么。故选A。 6.—________? —They are listening to music. A.What do they do B.What are you doing C.How’s it going D.What are your grandparents doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你的祖父母在做什么?——他们在听音乐。 考查特殊疑问句。What do they do他们是做什么的;What are you doing你正在做什么;How’s it going最近过得怎么样;What are your grandparents doing你的外祖父母正在做什么。根据“They are listening to music.”可知,句子应该是现在进行时,且主语是第三人称复数,故此处应询问他们正在做什么。故选D。 7.—________ is the boy reading now? —In the classroom. A.What B.Where C.How D.When 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——现在,那个男孩在哪里读书?——在教室里。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么;Where在哪里;How怎样;When什么时候。根据答语“In the classroom.”可知,此处询问地点,B项符合。故选B。 8.—________ does he go to clubs after school? — Never. A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How long 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——他放学后多久去一次俱乐部?——从不。 考查特殊疑问句。how many多少;how much多少;how often多久一次;how long多长时间。根据Never可知,此处提问频率。故选C。 9.—________ do you like pandas? —Because they are pretty fun. A.What B.When C.Where D.Why 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你为什么喜欢熊猫?——因为它们很有趣。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么;When何时;Where哪里;Why为什么。根据“Because they are pretty fun.”可知问句询问“为什么”。故选D。 10.—________ was your first English teacher?     —Miss Zhou. A.What B.Who C.Where D.When 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你的第一位英语老师是谁?——周老师。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么;Who谁;Where哪里;When什么时候。根据“Miss Zhou”可知,此处应该问“第一位英语老师是谁”。故选B。 11.—________ salt (盐) do you need to cook Capsicum Fried Meat (辣椒炒肉)? —Two teaspoons. A.How many B.How far C.How much D.How old 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——做辣椒炒肉需要多少盐?——两茶匙。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少,后接复数名词;How far多远,提问距离;How much多少,后接不可数名词;How old多大,提问年龄。根据“Two teaspoons.”可知,这里表达的是“多少盐”,英语中salt是一个不可数名词,所以提问“多少盐”应该用how much提问,故选C。 12.—________ does it take you to get to school? —About 20 minutes. A.How long B.How far C.How many D.How much 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你到学校要花费多长时间?——大约 20 分钟。 考查疑问词辨析。How long多长时间,多久,对时间段提问;How far多远,询问距离;How many多少,对可数名词的数量提问;How much多少,询问不可数名词的数量;多少钱。根据答句“About 20 minutes.”可知,问句是对时间段提问,故选A。 13.—__________ new bikes are these? —I think they are __________. A.Whose; Tim and Tom’s B.Who’s; Tim’s and Tom’s C.Who’s; Tim and Tom’s D.Whose; Tim’s and Tom’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——这些新自行车是谁的? ——我想是它们是蒂姆和汤姆的。 考查名词所有格和特殊疑问句。whose谁的;Who’s=Who is是谁;Tim and Tom’s蒂姆和汤姆的,表示两人共同拥有一辆自行车;Tim’s and Tom’s蒂姆的和汤姆的,表示两辆不同的自行车。根据“...new bikes are these?”可知,第一空问句询问归属,需用疑问代词Whose;再根据“they are...”可知,第二空表示自行车是蒂姆和汤姆两人各自拥有的,需用各自的所有格形式(Tim’s and Tom’s),强调两辆不同的自行车。故选D。 14.—________ is your telephone number?   —It’s 0532-86982896. A.How many B.How much C.Where D.What 【答案】D 【详解】句意:—— 你的电话号码是多少?—— 是0532-86982896。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少(用于可数名词);How much多少(用于不可数名词);Where哪里;What什么。根据答句“It’s 0532-86982896”可知,问句询问的是电话号码是什么。故选D。 15.—________ is the new coat? —It’s 80 yuan. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这件新外套多少钱? ——80元。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少,问数量,后接复数名词;How much多少,问价格或数量(后接不可数名词);How long多长,问时间或长度;How often多久,问频率。根据“It’s 80 yuan.”可知,问的是价格。故选B。 16.—________ milk do you need? —Two bottles. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你需要多少牛奶?——两瓶。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少,问可数名词数量;How much多少,问不可数名词数量;How long多久,问一段时间;How far多远,问距离。根据“...milk do you need?”可知,此处应是询问需要多少牛奶,milk为不可数名词,应用How much来提问。故选B。 真题感知 1.(2023·上海·中考真题)Let’s hurry up, ________ we’ll be late for the lecture about fire safety. A.or B.so C.and D.but 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们要赶紧了,不然我们参加关于消防安全的演讲就要迟到了。 考查从属连词辨析。or否则,不然;so因此;and并且;but但是。根据“Let’s hurry up”和“we’ll be late for the lecture about fire safety”可知,要赶紧,不然就会迟到,用or连接。故选A。 2.(2023·西藏·中考真题)________ swimming in the river! It’s dangerous! A.Go B.Goes C.Don’t go D.To go 【答案】C 【详解】句意:不要去河里游泳!太危险了! 考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“It’s dangerous”可知是不要去河里游泳,用祈使句的否定形式:Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 3.(2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题)David, go to bed early, ________ you will feel sleepy in class tomorrow. A.and B.unless C.or D.but 【答案】C 【详解】句意:大卫,早点睡觉,否则明天上课你会犯困的。 考查连词辨析。and并且;unless除非;or不然,否则;but但是。此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构,结合空后可知,要早点睡觉,否则明天上课会犯困的。故选C。 4.(2023·河北·中考真题)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the concert. A.so B.or C.and D.but 【答案】B 【详解】句意:快点,否则你会错过音乐会的开场。 考查连词辨析。so所以;or否则;and和;but但是。根据“Hurry up...you will miss”可知要快点,否则就会错过音乐会的开场。故选B。 5.(2023·甘肃武威·中考真题)________ trying and do your best. A.Keep B.Keeping C.To keep D.Kept 【答案】A 【详解】句意:继续努力,尽你最大的努力。 考查祈使句。根据“and do your best”可知句子是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选A。 6.(2023·吉林长春·中考真题)_______ less time on the phone at night, or you will find it hard to fall asleep. A.Spend B.Spending C.To spend D.Spent 【答案】A 【详解】句意:晚上少花点时间在电话上,否则你会发现很难入睡。 考查祈使句。根据“... less time on the phone at night, or you will find it hard to fall asleep.”可知此处是“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,祈使句以动词原形开头。故选A。 7.(2022·西藏·中考真题)Don’t ________ any noise when you are in the library. A.makes B.make C.making D.made 【答案】B 【详解】句意:当你在图书馆时不要制造任何噪音。 考查祈使句。此处是祈使句,使用动词原形,故选B。 8.(2022·上海·中考真题)Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy. A.and B.or C.but D.for 【答案】A 【详解】句意: 保持均衡的饮食和有规律的运动,你就会保持健康。 考查连词。and表并列或递进,和;or否则,或者;but但是;for因为。根据句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”可知,此处用and表递进关系。故选A。 9.(2022·山东济南·中考真题)________ more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy. A.Exercise B.To exercise C.Exercises D.Exercising 【答案】A 【详解】句意:在日常生活中多锻炼,你就会精力充沛。 考查祈使句。Exercise锻炼,动词原形;To exercise动词不定式;Exercises动词的三单形式;Exercising动名词或现在分词。本句是“祈使句+and+陈述句”句式,祈使句需要以动词原形置于句首。故选A。 10.(2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题)Have a try, ________ you will never know what you can achieve. A.or B.while C.till D.and 【答案】A 【详解】句意:试一试,否则你永远不知道你能得到什么。 考查连词辨析。or否则;while当……时;till直到;and和。此句是祈使句+or/and+简单句的结构,根据“Have a try, … you will never know what you can achieve”可知,尝试一下,否则不知道能得到什么,故选A。 11.(24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)There ________ any bottles of juice in the fridge, but there is some tea in the kitchen. A.aren’t B.isn’t C.are D.is 【答案】A 【详解】句意:冰箱里没有任何果汁,但厨房里有一些茶。 考查there be句型。bottles是复数名词,因此需要用are或其否定形式。根据“any”提示,句子表否定,故空格处应用aren’t。故选A。 12.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)There ________ some beautiful flowers on the teacher’s desk. A.is B.has C.are D.have 【答案】C 【详解】句意:老师的桌子上有一些漂亮的花。 考查there be句型。there be句型不能和have/has连用,排除选项B和D;主语“some beautiful flowers”为复数,be动词用are。故选C。 13.(23-24七年级下·北京通州·期末)There ______ some old houses near my school last year. A.is B.are C.was D.were 【答案】D 【详解】句意:去年在我学校附近有一些老房子。 考查there be句型和时态辨析。根据时间状语“last year”可知,句子时态为一般过去时;主语“some old houses”是复数形式,因此be动词用复数形式were。故选D。 14.(22-23七年级下·重庆开州·期末)Look, ___________ many restaurants in front of the bank. A.has         . B.have C.there is D.there are 【答案】D 【详解】句意:看,银行前面有很多餐馆。 考查There be句型。根据“...many restaurants in front of the bank.”可知,银行前面有很多餐馆,需用there be句型,表示“某地有某物”。主语many restaurants是复数名词,be动词用are。故选D。 15.(2024·四川·中考真题)—________ did Mike say when you told him about the party? —He said he would be happy to come. A.How B.When C.Why D.What 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你告诉迈克聚会的事时,他说了什么?——他说他很乐意来。 考查特殊疑问句。how如何;when什么时候;why为什么;what什么。根据“...did Mike say”可知是指他说了什么,疑问词用what。故选D。 16.(2024·四川广元·中考真题)—Excuse me. ________ can I get the car if I order it today? —In a month. A.How soon B.How long C.How much D.How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——打扰一下。如果我今天订购这辆车,我多久能收到?——一个月后。 考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久以后;How long多长时间;How much多少;How often多久一次。根据“In a month.”可知,对将来的一段时间提问,应用how soon。故选A。 17.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)—________ do you walk your dog every day, Bob? —For about half an hour. A.How much B.How long C.How often D.How many 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——鲍勃,你每天遛狗多久?——大约半个小时。 考查特殊疑问句。how much多少钱;how long多长时间;how often多久一次;how many多少。根据“For about half an hour.”可知此处询问时间段,疑问词用how long。故选B。 18.(2024·江苏徐州·中考真题)—________ do the notebooks cost? —They are five yuan each. A.How much B.How many C.How often D.How long 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——这些笔记本多少钱?——每本五元。 考查特殊疑问句。How much多少钱,提问价格;How many多少,修饰可数名词;How often 多久一次,提问频率;How long 多长时间,提问一段时间。根据回答“They are five yuan each.”可知,问句是询问价格,用How much提问。故选A。 19.(2024·西藏·中考真题)They are good at drawing, but ________ painting is the best? A.whose B.whom C.what D.who 【答案】A 【详解】句意:他们擅长画画,但谁的画最好? 考查特殊疑问句。whose谁的,表示所有格;whom谁,宾格,指代人;what什么,指代物;who谁,主格,指代人。根据“painting is the best?”可知,空处是指谁的画,需要用表示所有格的疑问词whose,表示“谁的”。故选A。 20.(2024·西藏·中考真题)—This watch is cool! ________ is it? —198 yuan. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How old 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这块手表很酷。它多少钱?——198元。 考查特殊疑问句。how many多少;how much多少/多少钱;how long多久;how old多大。根据“198 yuan.”可知,对价格提问用how much,故选B。 21.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)—Fanfan, _______ do you read books after school every day? —For about one hour. And I often write down my ideas while reading. A.how far B.how long C.how often D.how soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——樊凡,你每天放学后读书多长时间?——大约一个小时。我经常在阅读时写下我的想法。 考查特殊疑问句。how far多远,对距离提问;how long多久,对时间段提问;how often多久一次,对频率提问;how soon多久,对将来时间提问。根据答语“For about one hour.”可知,对时间段提问,用how long。故选B。 22.(2024·北京·中考真题)— Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. ________ did you buy it? — In a store near my home. A.How B.Where C.Why D.When 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——莉莉,你的新书包很漂亮。你在哪里买的?——在我家附近的一家商店。 考查特殊疑问句。How怎么;Where哪里;Why为什么;When 什么时候。根据答语“In a store near my home”可知,此处询问在哪里买的书包,应用where。故选B。 23.(2024·江苏常州·中考真题)—______ is it from Changzhou to Beijing? —It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train. A.How long B.How far C.How soon D.How often 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——从常州到北京有多远?——坐高铁大约需要4个小时。 考查特殊疑问句。how long多久;how far多远;how soon多久以后;how often多久一次。根据答语“It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train”可知,对距离提问用疑问词how far,故选B。 24.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)—________ are these sports socks? —10 yuan for 3 pairs. A.How many B.How much C.How often D.How long 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这些运动袜多少钱?——3双10元。 考查特殊疑问句。how many多少;how much多少钱;how often多久一次;how long多长时间。根据“10 yuan for 3 pairs.”可知此处询问价格,疑问词用how much。故选B。 25.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)________ is the girl wearing a scarf? Is she your sister? A.Who B.Which C.What D.Where 【答案】A 【详解】句意:戴围巾的女孩是谁?她是你姐姐吗? 考查特殊疑问句。Who谁;Which哪一个;What什么;Where在哪里。根据“Is she your sister?”可知,此处询问戴围巾的女孩是谁,对人提问应用who。故选A。 26.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ was the zipper invented? —In 1893. A.When B.How C.Why D.Where 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——拉链是什么时候发明的?——1893年。 考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候;How怎样;Why为什么;Where哪里。根据答语“In 1893.”可知,此处询问时间,应用When提问。故选A。 27.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)—________ have you been learning English? —For 7 years. A.How old B.How long C.How often D.How big 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你学英语多久了?——7年。 考查特殊疑问句。How old多大,询问年龄;How long多长时间;How often多久一次;How big多大。答语“For 7 years.”指一段时间,应用How long对其提问。故选B。 提升专练 1.— ________ out of the window. Please listen to the teacher. — ________ A.Doesn’t look; Good idea! B.Don’t look; Sorry, I won’t. C.Don’t look; OK! D.Not look; No way! 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——别往窗外看。请听老师讲课。——对不起,我不会了。 考查祈使句和情景交际。Good idea好主意;Sorry, I won’t对不起,我不会了;OK好的;No way没门。祈使句的否定形式是在动词原形前加“Don’t”,所以第一空用“Don’t look”;第二空,对于别人的提醒或批评,应该表示歉意并承诺改正,因此Sorry, I won’t“对不起,我不会了”最符合语境。故选B。 2.Jim, ________ eat in the classroom! A.not B.don’t C.doesn’t D.no 【答案】B 【详解】句意:吉姆,不要在教室里吃东西! 考查祈使句。not不;don’t不;doesn’t不;no没有。此处是祈使句否定结构,结构应为“Don’t + 动词原形”。故选B。 3.________ make any noise. You’re in the reading room. A.Doesn’t B.Didn’t C.Don’t D.Did 【答案】C 【详解】句意:不要发出任何噪音。你在阅览室。 考查祈使句。根据“…make any noise. You’re in the reading room.”可知,句子为祈使句否定形式,表示命令,在动词原形make前加Don’t。故选C。 4.Jenny, ________ out the form please. You are allowed to join the sports club. A.fills B.fill C.will fill D.filled 【答案】B 【详解】句意:Jenny,请填写表格。你被允许加入体育俱乐部。 考查祈使句的用法。此处表示请Jenny填写表格,用祈使句,表示请求,动词用原形的fill。故选B。 5.________ quiet, Peter. Your mother is writing a report. A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Keeps 【答案】A 【详解】句意:保持安静,彼得。你妈妈正在写报告。 考查祈使句。根据“quiet, Peter.”可知,该句是祈使句,应该使用动词原形,通常表示命令、请求或劝告。故选A。 6.Please _________ hard and you’ll get good grades in this exam. A.study B.to study C.studying D.studied 【答案】A 【详解】句意:请努力学习,你在这次考试中会取得好成绩。 考查动词形式。根据“Please...hard and you’ll get good grades in this exam.”可知,此处是祈使句,“Please”后接动词原形表示请求或建议。故选A。 7.—Mum, what should I do now? — ________ the fruit into small pieces, please. A.Cut B.To cut C.Cutting D.Cuts 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——妈妈,我现在该怎么办?——请把水果切成小块。 考查祈使句。本句为祈使句,省略主语,动词原形开头。 故选A。 8.Have enough sleep, ________ you’ll get better soon. A.but B.and C.if D.while 【答案】B 【详解】句意:有足够的睡眠,你很快就会好的。 考查连词辨析。but但是;and那么;if如果;while当……时。根据“Have enough sleep, … you’ll get better soon.”可知,此处为固定句型“祈使句+and+陈述句”,表示如果做到保证充足睡眠,就会很快好转,应用and连接。故选B。 9.Study hard, ________ you’ll make great progress in English. A.or B.and C.because D.so 【答案】B 【详解】句意:努力学习,你就会在英语上取得很大进步。 考查连词辨析。or或者,表示选择关系;and和,表顺承关系;because因为;so因此。根据“Study hard…you’ll make great progress in English.”可知,此处是说努力学习,你就会在英语上取得很大进步,设空处前后为顺承关系,and符合语境。故选B。 10.Be more careful, ________ I’m sure you will make fewer mistakes. A.so B.but C.or D.and 【答案】D 【详解】句意:更认真些,我相信你会少犯错误的。 考查连词辨析。so所以;but但是;or否则;and并且。分析句子结构可知,此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构,前后句子之间是顺承关系,应用连词and连接。故选D。 11.________ 20 girls in my class, and I ________ two good friends of them. A.There have; are B.There have; have C.There is; are D.There are; have 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我班上有20个女孩,他们中有我的两个好朋友。 考查there be结构以及have的用法。根据“20 girls in my class”可知,本句为there be句型,表示“某地有某物”,排除选项A和B;20 girls为名词复数,be动词需are,排除选项C;根据“I...two good friends of them”可知,此处指我“有”两个朋友,用动词have。故选D。 12.There ________ a robot in every family in the future. A.is B.are C.will be D.will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意:将来每个家庭都会有一个机器人。 考查There be句型。此句是There be句型,不与have连用,排除选项D;结合“in the future”可知,用一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时,其构成形式为There will be或There is/are going to be。故选C。 13.There ________ five people in my ________. A.are; home B.is; home C.are; family D.is; family 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我家有五口人。 考查there be句型及名词辨析。home家;family家庭。本题是there be句型,句子主语five people是复数,be动词用are;此处指的是我的家庭里有五口人,故第二空填family。故选C。 14.There _______ a computer on every student’s desk in the future. A.is B.was C.will be D.will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意:将来每个学生的桌子上都有一台电脑。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“in the future”可知,要用一般将来时,there be句型的一般将来时构成:there will be和there is/are going to be。故选C。 15.There is a post office across from the park. A.表语 B.主语 C.宾语 D.定语 【答案】B 【详解】句意:公园对面有一个邮局。 考查句子成分。There be句型的主语是名词或名词性短语,a post office“一个邮局”为名词性短语,故在句中作主语。故选B。 16.There are not many giant pandas ________ in the world. A.live B.to live C.living D.lives 【答案】C 【详解】句意:没有很多大熊猫生活在世界上。 考查there be句型。there be +主语+doing,是固定用法。主语与doing之间是逻辑主谓关系,doing作定语,表示状态性的、正在进行的。空处填living。故选C。 17.—________ is it from your home to the park? —It’s about five minutes’ walk. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——从你家到公园有多远?——步行大约五分钟。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少;How much多少钱;How long多久;How far多远。根据“It’s about five minutes’ walk.”可知,询问距离用how far。故选D。 18.—________? —Next to the window. A.What colour are the bookcases B.How much are the bookcases C.Where are the bookcases D.Are there any bookcases 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——书架在哪里?——窗户旁边。 考查特殊疑问句。What colour are the bookcases这些书架是什么颜色的;How much are the bookcases这些书架多少钱;Where are the bookcases书架在哪里;Are there any bookcases有书架吗。根据“Next to the window.”可知此处询问地点,疑问词用where。故选C。 19.—Excuse me, sir. ________ is the water? —Two yuan a bottle. A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How old 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——打扰一下,先生。水多少钱?——两元一瓶。 考查特殊疑问句。how much多少钱;how many多少;how long多长时间;how old多大。根据“Two yuan a bottle.”可知此处询问价格,疑问词用how much。故选A。 20.— ________ do you celebrate your birthday each year, Emma? —I usually eat out with my family on that day. A.Who B.How C.Why D.When 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你每年怎么庆祝你的生日,艾玛?——我通常在那天和我的家人出去吃饭。 考查特殊疑问句。Who谁;How怎样;Why为什么;When什么时候。根据句意“I usually eat out with my family on that day.”可知,此处是询问怎么庆祝生日,所以用how提问。故选B。 21.— _________ do you do morning exercise every day? — To stay in shape. A.What B.How C.Where D.Why 【答案】D 【详解】——你为什么每天都锻炼?——为了保持体型。 考查疑问句。what什么;how怎么;where哪里;why为什么。根据答句“To stay in shape.”可知,是解释做早锻炼的原因,因此选择“为什么”对应的疑问词“Why”。故选D。 22.—________ workers are there in each workshop? —There are 20 to 100 workers. A.How much B.How many C.How about D.How long 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——每个车间有多少工人?——有20到100名工人。 考查特殊疑问句。How much多少,修饰不可数名词;How many多少,修饰可数名词;How about……怎么样;How long多长。根据“There are 20 to 100 workers.”可知,设空处询问数量,且“workers”是可数名词复数,因此用how many提问。故选B。 23.—_________ is the sports hall? —It’s in the front of my school. A.Where B.What C.When D.How 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——体育馆在哪?——在我的学校的前面。 考查特殊疑问句。Where哪里;What什么;When什么时候;How怎么样。根据答语“It’s in the front of my school.”可知,此处应询问体育馆的位置,应用疑问词Where。故选A。 24.—________ is the yogurt? — Two yuan. A.How old B.How long C.How many D.How much 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——酸奶多少钱?——两元。 考查特殊疑问句。How old几岁,提问年龄;How long多长,提问时间或长度 ;How many多少,提问数量;How much多少,提问价格。根据答语“Two yuan.”可知,此处应该提问的是酸奶的价格。故选D。 25.—________ piano is this? — My mother’s. A.Who B.Where C.How D.Whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——这是谁的钢琴?——是我妈妈的。 考查特殊疑问句。Who谁;Where在哪里;How怎样;Whose谁的。根据答语“ My mother’s.”可知,此处应该提问这是谁的钢琴?故选D。 26.—What does your sister ________ after school? —She often ________ TV. A.does; watches B.does; watch C.do; watches D.do; watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你妹妹放学后做什么?——她经常看电视。 考查一般现在时的特殊疑问句及回答。根据题干“does”和“often”可知这两个句子是一般现在时,“What does sb do?”意为“某人做什么?”,故第一空用do;答句的主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式,watch的三单形式为watches。故选C。 27.—________ does Lin Hua usually go to bed? —At ten to ten. And it is too late for me. A.How old B.How long C.How many D.What time 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——林华经常什么时候睡觉?——九点五十了。对我来说已经太晚了。 考查特殊疑问句。How old几岁;How long多久,多长;How many多少;What time什么时间。根据答句“At ten to ten.”可知,问句是在问“什么时间”。故选D。 28.—________ do you think of my red dress? —Beautiful. You look nice ________ red. A.What; in B.How; in C.What; on D.How; on 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你觉得我的红裙子怎么样?——真漂亮。你穿红色很好看。 考查特殊疑问句和介词。What什么;How怎样;in穿着,其后跟颜色,表示“穿着什么颜色的衣服”;on在……上。根据句意可知,表达“你认为……怎么样?”的句式有两种:What do you think of...?和How do you like...?,所以第一个空格所填词为What;穿着什么颜色的衣服,应使用介词in,in red“穿着红色的衣服”。故选A。 29.—________ do you feel about IT? —It’s easy and relaxing. A.Why B.How C.Which D.Who 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你觉得信息技术怎么样?——很容易,也很放松。 考查特殊疑问句。Why为什么;How怎样;Which哪一个;Who谁。根据“...do you feel about IT”和“It’s easy and relaxing.”可知,问句是问对方对IT的看法,用How。故选B。 30.—________ do you usually play basketball? —I usually play basketball before dinner. A.What time B.When C.How often D.How 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你通常什么时候打篮球?——我通常在晚饭前打篮球。 考查特殊疑问句。what time几点;when什么时候;how often多久一次;how怎样。根据“before dinner.”可知,询问打篮球的时间段,故选B。 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题04 祈使句、therebe 句型和特殊疑问句-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(人教版)
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专题04 祈使句、therebe 句型和特殊疑问句-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(人教版)
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专题04 祈使句、therebe 句型和特殊疑问句-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(人教版)
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