专题04 阅读理解（夹叙夹议+议论文）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末真题分类汇编（新高考通用）

专题04 阅读理解(夹叙夹议+议论文) ( 地 城 高频话题 01 个人经历 ( 夹叙夹议 ) ) Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一下·浙江台州·期末）Growing up in rural (农村的) communities, I always had a love of the countryside, animals and nature. The books I read as a child often had animals at their heart — The Owl Who was Afraid of the Dark, Charlotte’s Web. Farming, however, was something I experienced later in life, in my teenage years. It’s something I instantly connected with, and I feel fortunate that my children have been able to grow up helping out on the farm and spending lots of time with our livestock and pets. It’s so important to get a connection with farming at an early stage. We all eat food, so being familiar with where it comes from and what goes into producing it is a natural thing. If a spark of interest can be ignited early, it can only be a good thing going forward. It’s a joy to see the children’s faces light up on school visits when they see the photos of animals on our family farm and watch the video of an egg hatching (孵化). Animals have a unique magic all of their own. Being around animals also teaches children what they can take with them into adulthood. It builds foundations of responsibility, kindness, as well as perseverance and problem solving. We work together as a family a lot on the farm, which builds a strong work ethic and a sense of teamwork — both fantastic life skills. I’m a firm believer that you don’t know what you’re going to love until you try it. My hope is that if children from non-rural backgrounds get a taste of what it’s like on a farm, then they might discover something they love. 1．How does the author lead into the topic? A．By showing his desire to keep animals. B．By recommending his childhood reads. C．By sharing his own experience with nature. D．By comparing his farm life with his children’s. 2．What does the underlined word “ignited” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Awakened. B．Expressed. C．Weakened. D．Kept. 3．What role does an early contact with farming play in children’s growth? A．A time killer. B．A character builder. C．A social connector. D．An emotional comforter. 4．Which statement does the author probably agree with? A．Well begun is half done. B．What pains us shapes us. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Interest starts with practice. Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一下·河南周口·期末）It was 8:10 and I was lying in the sun, listening to my favorite CD, on a weekend morning. Then Mum came out. She wanted me to go out with her. She told me about this place called Give Kids the World. It’s a special (特别的) place for families to spend a vacation when a child had a life-threatening (致命的) illness. She did some jobs there, like gift giving and ice-cream serving. Mum said I would enjoy it, but I thought those were boring jobs. Mum told me we were going to take a toy and an ice-cream to every child in the village. We got to the first house and I knocked on the door and shouted, “Gift Giving”, and a woman answered it. Sitting in the middle of the bedroom was a boy in a wheelchair. I gave him the gifts, and his face lighted up (露出喜色) with happiness. I walked out and thought, “That must be boring, unable to jump around.” As I came into the second house with gifts, it seemed a little strange that the child didn’t see me. Her mum said something was much wrong with her eyes, so I needed to go and stand in front of her. When I did that, she became very excited and made a sign for “thanks”, though her legs couldn’t move at all. When we went back home, Mum told me these kids might not live to see tomorrow. Suddenly, I understood I should be more thankful that I don’t have these illnesses. I no longer wanted to be at home listening to my CDs. I would rather (宁愿) be doing this, maybe making a difference (产生影响) in these kids’ lives. 5．Give Kids the World is a special place to spend a vacation when ________. A．people can’t find interesting jobs B．the children are badly ill C．people are interested in toys D．the children want to receive gifts 6．When the first boy received gifts from the writer, he felt ________. A．upset B．nervous C．excited D．sorry 7．Before he went to Give Kids the World, in the free time, the writer’s favorite thing is ____. A．doing sports B．helping others C．listening to music D．reading books 8．The writer wanted to help the kids in bad health ________. A．after he went to visit the two sick kids B．while he was getting badly ill C．when he knew his mother’s boring jobs D．while he was listening to his CDs Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一下·河北保定·期末）There are always two sides to a story. Unfortunately, when it comes to the history of Thanksgiving, generations of Americans have been taught a one-sided history in homes and schools. The mainstream cultural and historical story has been told by the white settlers (殖民者) who landed near Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts in 1620. In this version (版本)of the Thanksgiving story, the holiday celebrates the peaceful, friendly meeting of English settlers and the Wampanoag tribe (部落) for three days of feasting and thanksgiving in 1621. This story paints a picture of courageous settlers braving the dangers of the New World and with the help of some friendly natives, finding a way to make a new life for themselves. Very few teachers get a chance to tell students about the mass killing of native tribes that took place in the years that followed. For many Native Americans, Thanksgiving is a day of mourning (哀悼) and protest. Organised by the United American Indians of New England in1970, the fourth Thursday in November (Thanksgiving) was recognised as the NationalDay of Mourning for Native Americans. While some Native Americans have chosen to reject the Thanksgiving holiday completely, many welcome the positive messages of the holiday without consideration of its origin. This is because the idea of giving thanks is central to Native Americans’ culture, and in this way, Thanksgiving is simply a chance to appreciate the good things of life, like family, community, and the riches of the land. Steven Peters, a Wampanoag tribe spokesman, was asked about his views on Thanksgiving and the fact that most Native Americans still gather to eat turkey and give thanks. “I think it’s great. My ancestors had four harvest festivals throughout the year. Gathering with family and giving thanks for all that we have is a good thing. But I ask that you take a moment on that day to remember what happened to my people and the history as it was and not what had been written in the history books.” 9．What can be learnt about the mainstream Thanksgiving story? A．It is a faithful reflection of the history. B．It mourns the suffering of the natives. C．It represents only one side of the story. D．It is about the real origin of Thanksgiving. 10．What does the underlined word “reject” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Refuse. B．Reflect. C．Promote. D．Celebrate. 11．Why do many Native Americans celebrate Thanksgiving? A．They are misled by history books. B．They have adapted to modern life. C．The history has taught them to be grateful. D．The idea of giving thanks fits their culture. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Storytelling: No More One-Sided Approach B．Native Americans: Let the World Hear Our Voice C．American History: Tears and Blood of the Natives D．Thanksgiving: A Different Story to Native Americans Passage 4 （2023-2024学年高一下·河北保定·期末）Kids are even more in the bag of social media companies than we think. Many of them have given away their online autonomy fully to their phones. For them, the only acceptable online environment is one designed by big tech algorithms (算法). As children’s free time and imaginations become more and more tightly joined to the social media, we need to understand that uncontrolled access to the Internet comes at a cost. This spring, I visited with a group of high school students in Connecticut to have a conversation about the role that social media plays in their daily lives and in their mental health. More children today report feeling depressed, lonely, and disconnected than ever before. There are countless problems with children and teenagers using social media. But the high schoolers with whom I met alerted me to a hidden result of teenagers’ growing addiction to social media: the death of exploration and discovery. Algorithmic recommendations now do the work of discovering and pursuing interests, finding community, and learning about the world. Kids today are, simply put, not learning how to be curious, critical adults—and they don’t seem to know what they’ve lost. We all know the journeys in life matter just as much as the destinations. It is the sweat to get the outcome that makes the outcome more fulfilling and satisfying. What the kids I spoke to did not know is that these algorithms have been designed in a way that unavoidably makes and keeps users unhappy. Social media companies know that content that generates negative feelings holds our attention longer than that which makes us feel good. If you are a teenager feeling bad about yourself, your social media feed will keep delivering you videos and pictures that are likely to produce negative feelings. We should take some measures. Teenagers and kids are to be inspired to determine if we will really be happier as a species when machines and algorithms do all the work for us, or if fulfillment only comes when humans actually do the work, searching and discovering, of being human. 13．We can learn from paragraph 1 that social media companies ______. A．earn a lot of money from kids B．have a great impact on kids C．make kids give away their phones D．provide necessary services to kids 14．According to the author, what is the result of children’s addiction to social media? A．They become more dependent on their phones. B．They feel less depressed and lonely than ever before. C．They are unable to find community and learn about the world. D．They gradually lose the ability to be curious and critical. 15．Why do social media companies prefer content that generates negative feelings? A．It helps them gain more attention from users. B．It makes users feel more satisfied with their products. C．It encourages users to explore and discover new things. D．It promotes the development of artificial intelligence. 16．What should be done to change the current situation? A．Limit the use of social media for children and teenagers. B．Inspire children to complete the work without the help of algorithms. C．Encourage teenagers and children to explore and discover the contentment of life. D．Redesign social media algorithms to make users happier and more fulfilled. Passage 5 （2023-2024学年高一下·河北保定·期末）Artificial intelligence is making its way into classrooms, suggesting a future where education is more personalized and active. AI’s ability to customize learning and provide immediate feedback could change how students learn, making education more effective and attracting. Schools globally are starting to see the benefits of AI. For example, adaptive learning platforms can now tailor lessons to each student’s pace and style of learning, improving engagement and understanding. DreamBox Learning, an AI-powered math platform, has already showed how such technology can improve students’ abilities in problem solving. However, there’s a notable concern raised alongside these advancements —the AI divide, or the growing gap between those who have access to advanced AI tools and those who do not. A 2023 report by the Educational Data Trust found that wealthier school districts are three times more likely to have adopted AI-powered learning platforms compared to the under-resourced districts. We don’t know what this technology will look like 10 years from now, but the current trend shuts out poor districts. It’s in the big dog’s best interest to do so, but it sucks anyways. Addressing the AI divide requires a concerted effort. Policymakers have the power to level the playing field by supporting AI accessibility in all schools. Schools and educators have a role to play too. They must train their students to use AI as a tool. They can foster partnerships to share AI resources and focus on building universally essential skills like critical thinking and digital literacy. Tech companies and community groups have roles to play as well, such as offering AI expertise and support to schools lacking resources. AI in education has both advantages and disadvantages, with the promise of transformative(带来变革的)learning coming alongside the risk of deepening divides. As we accept AI’s potential, we must also make sure that it serves as a tool for to help everyone, paving the way for a future where every student has the opportunity to succeed. 17．Why does the author mention “DreamBox Learning” in paragraph 2? A．To show the advantages of AI. B．To introduce an AI-powered social media platform. C．To help students to solve math problems. D．To improve students’ abilities in problem solving. 18．What is the author’s attitude towards AI in education? A．Supportive. B．Disappointed. C．Objective. D．Critical. 19．What does the underlined word “concerted” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Tough. B．Joint. C．Limited. D．Brief. 20．What is the best title for the text? A．AI in Education—A Double-edged Sword B．AI in Education—A Great Success C．AI in Media Platform—An Advanced Tool D．AI in Classroom—A Replacement for the Teacher Passage 6 （2023-2024学年高一下·湖南长沙·期末）I wanted to set myself the writing challenge of citing some of the many positive things about having a baby. It’s addressed to one person, but I hope that those who find themselves at a similar crossroads get help from it. To my friend A, All you ever seem to hear about parenthood is negative. I do not feel this. You create a new life in that child, and with that baby, you get a new life, too. When I became a mother, my own mother’s embrace, and my father’s, not to mention my extended family’s, have kept me going. We are used to hearing about how motherhood limits your life, less so about how it can expand it. I have always believed that life is fundamentally about human relationships, and having a baby has enhanced mine. Becoming a mother — and giving birth — has enhanced my feelings of unity with other women. Parenting has also allowed me to experience childhood again. I have always wanted to give someone else a childhood. My wide-eyed little boy is at the stage where he is simply in love with the world, and that love is thrillingly unconditional. It is a privilege to witness, and it makes me determined to maintain it for him as much as I am able to, because his laugh is the best sound that I have ever heard. A note about sleep: you will be OK — you’ve had enough wild nights to know you can cope. And you can get your body back, whatever that might mean to you. As for your career, it’s normal to worry. I speak only for myself when I say that I wish I had spent less time worrying beforehand about how I would write. I have far less time, now, but I’m still writing. Even a paragraph a day adds up to a novel, eventually. There is so much untapped joy and love there waiting for you, and I hope I’ve given you a small glimpse of some of it to hold on to. 21．Who might be the intended audience for this article? A．Self-centered parents. B．Those fearing to have a baby. C．Broken-hearted friends. D．Those avoiding marriage. 22．How does the author mainly make her arguments convincing? A．By explaining ideas. B．By quoting sayings. C．By comparing facts. D．By concluding opinions. 23．Why does the author give examples of her writing in the last paragraph? A．To show how successful she was as a writer. B．To note that where there is a will there is a way. C．To tell her friend that giving birth is a piece of cake. D．To persuade her friend not to worry about her career. 24．Which column may the article be chosen from? A．Opinion. B．Headline. C．Health. D．Culture. ( 地 城 高频话题 02 艺术 / 社会问题社会现象 / 学习 / 生活方式 / 科学技术 ) Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末）“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere,” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing what I’ve described. Welcome to the world of AI image generation, where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts (提示). But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction. AI image generation could influence everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process. Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate (模仿) the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is also adding emotion and slight difference into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same—it can only copy. The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as excellent as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughter, but you are no match for professionals. 1．What does the writer think of his image creation? A．Exciting. B．Concerned. C．Unsatisfying. D．Shocking. 2．What do children’s illustrators value most about art? A．The final art work. B．External expressions in art. C．The opposite of reality. D．The journey to creation. 3．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A．The ethical concerns in AI art imitation. B．Human artists’ influence on AI generators. C．The superiority of human artworks. D．The over-reliance of human on technology. 4．Which of the following best summarizes the last paragraph? A．Art is the mirror of life. B．Rome is not built in a day. C．No man can do two things at once. D．Don’t judge a book by its cover. Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末）We live in an era, where a vast ocean of information is available immediately, and the question arises: can one learn too much? Because no individual can grasp the entirety of human knowledge. However, there exists a phenomenon where too much learning can lead to inaction, a state of being flooded with too much information. Consider a situation where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting lots of research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding weakens. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complicated and out of reach. This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit affects practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes. A more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather necessary information and then shift into action quickly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. The comparison with a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually mastered. This method applies to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals. In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interaction of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our ambitions. 5．What stops people from achieving the goal? A．The confusion caused by too much information. B．The inability to find relevant information. C．The distraction caused by unrelated tasks. D．The desire to learn basic concepts or strategies. 6．How do you achieve goals effectively according to the text? A．Sticking to continuous learning. B．Gaining as much knowledge as possible. C．Taking practical action without delay. D．Focusing more on theoretical knowledge. 7．Why is the example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To compare different learning styles. B．To illustrate learning through action and experience. C．To show the significance of making mistakes. D．To emphasize the necessity for parental guidance. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Process of Absorbing Information B．The Harmony of Learning and Doing C．The Pursuit of Advanced Knowledge D．The importance of Hands-on Experience Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一下·安徽亳州·期末）Playtime in your childhood is closely connected to feelings of joy. Play shouldn’t be dismissed as mere childishness (幼稚). Engaging in play goes beyond fun and games — it’s a powerful tool for growth, learning, and healing. When children play, it’s not just about having a good time; they’re also actively developing life skills. The roots of playfulness sprout (萌芽) early; even babies respond to interactions with their family, whether it’s singing songs, gentle rocking, or active movement. Simple engagements like eye contact, smiles, or voices capture the attention of newborns, laying the foundation for essential connection, trust, and mutual play. Through these seemingly ordinary yet meaningful interactions, play begins. When playing, children learn about themselves and others. Play serves as a dynamic training ground for trying new things — from running and jumping to planning and organizing. Children discover their inborn talents and develop self-confidence. Engaging in positive play with others increases children’s desire to connect with peers. Laughter and fun create lightness and bring healing powers. Harmonious play fights against laziness and stress. Importantly, when parents play with children, it reduces stress, serving as a way to take up challenges. Playtime results in curiosity, causing the natural drive to learn. For instance, children playing “grocery store” uses math and problem-solving skills. In essence, play becomes a fun approach to learning. Despite its many benefits, play has declined in recent years, a result of the swift life pace of parents. The consequences of a play-lacking childhood extend far beyond the immediate, impacting long-term well-being. The absence of fun social interactions hinders (妨碍) social development and allows stress to accumulate. Without play, opportunities to connect, learn, and experiment are cut back, killing creativity and restricting the development of essential life skills. Among the demands and hustle (忙碌) of daily life, as parents, it’s easy to overlook the value of play — not just for children but also for ourselves. Prioritizing (优先) play as an adult isn’t a luxury; it’s a vital component for a healthy and happy life. Beyond the joy it brings, play offers the same physical and mental benefits for adults as it does for children. Welcoming fun and laughter not only enriches our lives but also brings moments of joy into our families. 9．What is mainly talked about babies in paragraph 2? A．The methods of communication. B．The interactions with parents. C．The beginning of first play. D．The ways to draw their attention. 10．Why do children play less these years than before? A．Because play is widely considered as childishness. B．Because children have a huge academical burden. C．Because no one benefits from play. D．Because their parents are too busy. 11．Who is the passage mainly intended for? A．Parents. B．Educators. C．Children. D．Doctors. 12．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Benefits of Leisure B．The Power of Play C．The Advice for Parents D．The growth of Children Passage 4 （2023-2024学年高一下·安徽阜阳·期末）One of the greatest musical geniuses (天才) of our time is Itzhak Perlman — but carrying the weight of that title as a child wasn’t easy. The violinist describes his early musical education as hell, with pressure from his teacher and his parents. They required him to do as they said. When Perlman got to Juilliard School, he was shocked when he was encouraged by his new teacher to be more expressive and self-reflective. Now, in the program for young musicians that he runs with his wife Toby, he uses a similar style with his own students, encouraging each to become the best version of themselves. It’s easy for us to regard Perlman’s early experience as a misguided approach of the past. Yet, in effect, this is exactly what we do when we label (贴标签) some as “gifted”. Whether it happens at school, at home, or elsewhere, research has proven that singling out a chosen few has negative influences on us all. When we single out those we believe to be exceptional, we create a culture of genius. This is an environment where star performers get the most resources and where the basic belief is the fixed mindset: Some have it, and some don’t. Once you single out children as exceptional, you put them on a pedestal (受人尊敬的地位) — one they often become afraid of falling off. Additionally, those labeled as gifted tend to possess a narrow set of skills. This affects their long-term development. In contrast, in cultures of growth, the central belief is the growth mindset — a belief in universal potential (普遍的潜能): Everyone has the ability to grow, learn, and contribute from wherever they are. In cultures of growth, everyone receives the necessary resources and instruction to develop. Cultures of growth nurture (培养) everyone based on their needs and abilities. We all have the power to create cultures of growth in our families, schools, and workplaces by holding the belief that everyone can learn and contribute, and by supporting one another on the path to success. Because we know that it’s in cultures of growth where the real genius lies. 13．What’s Perlman’s attitude toward his new teacher’s requirement? A．Excited. B．Surprised. C．Stressed. D．Disappointed. 14．How does labeling individuals as “gifted” affect their development? A．It causes a terrible fear of failure. B．It discourages their self-expression. C．It brings them too much self-confidence. D．It traps them into an old-fashioned mindset. 15．What is the difference between cultures of genius and cultures of growth? A．Cultures of growth provide limited resources. B．Cultures of growth believe in everyone’s ability. C．Cultures of genius encourage unhealthy competition. D．Cultures of genius focus on the increase of resources. 16．What is the main idea of the text? A．Competition leads to success. B．Talent is key to achievements. C．Labeling someone as gifted is harmful. D．Teachers are important for one’s development. Passage 5 （2023-2024学年高一下·福建三明·期末）Is social media harmful to teenagers? This is the question we are going to examine. Social media sites have been blamed for most of the world's social problems from feeling disconnected and lonely to having difficulty forming meaningful relationships. Yet, many of us feel a need to use social media because it offers something we cannot find elsewhere, despite knowing the downsides. We will explore both the advantages and disadvantages of social media usage before reaching a conclusion on its impact on teenagers. An argument for social media claims it can contribute to social bonds (纽带) by promoting relationships with people in different areas. For example, social media has helped old school friends to get back in touch after many years without contact. Moreover, people find jobs now through social media or research information for their studies. These are real benefits of using social media. Additionally, social media bridges cultural divides, enabling people to connect and understand diverse perspectives, further strengthening social cohesion. Personally, the disadvantages of social media outweigh the benefits. The argument used by many people is that interactions on social media are no substitute (代替品) for face-to-face communication. When you are out with friends, how many times they check their phones, for example. It is all too easy to become absorbed in this online life rather than communicate in real life. Obviously, the downsides of social media overshadow its positive aspects. Researches highlight that it is far more satisfying to physically laugh out loud in real life rather than to replace the act with a typed representation of laughter such as “haha” or “LOL”. Ideally, we should have enough self-control to be able to limit our use of social media, enjoying the benefits it can bring. I think we should aim to do this, although it is not an easy job in today's connected world where so many people live their lives online. 17．What does the underlined word “downsides” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Disadvantages. B．Difficulties. C．Effects. D．Benefits. 18．What does the example in Paragraph 2 prove? A．Social media improve social relationship. B．Old school friends value their friendship. C．People in different areas seldom keep in touch. D．It is easier to find jobs through social media. 19．What is the author's attitude towards social media? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Unclear. 20．What does the author suggest? A．Laughing out loudly in real life. B．Controlling the time of using social media. C．Getting rid of social media entirely. D．Connecting the world through social media. Passage 6 （2023-2024学年高一下·福建南平·期末）Parents who force their children to have piano lessons are keeping them away from classical music, Lang Lang, a world-leading pianist, has suggested. The Chinese musician stresses that children who are forced into piano lessons can end up shunning music. Lang Lang has launched an initiative (倡议) through his foundation (基金会) to put piano lessons into primary school schedules, so they are not just an after-school activity for the rich. The lessons, designed by professionals, can be taught by any teacher and the foundation has donated dozens of digital pianos to schools. The initiative uses tablets (平板电脑) and keyboards to get children playing right away, from Beethoven to Mozart. Lang, who became famous in his mid-twenties, expressed his strong disagreement with the parents who forced children to have piano lessons because“the neighbour’s kid does”. He said: “Those parents don’t even know what music is. They get their kids to play without knowing what they are going to listen for. ” Lang said children had to be educated about classical music to truly enjoy it. “You really need to have a good childhood education in music. Take the reading of Shakespeare as an example. If you don’t learn Shakespeare in schools, you are less likely to pick it up later. ” The school initiative, Keys of Inspiration, is running in 100 schools in America and 110 in China. And the UK programme has started in four primary schools in London. The initiative was created partly because arts education had been forced out in schools. Lang added:“When I came toAmerica, the first day I realized few students in the high school knew Mozart. In the regular schools they just simply don’t have art and culture. ” 21．What does the underlined word“shunning”in paragraph l mean? A．Avoiding. B．Appreciating. C．Making. D．Performing. 22．Why did Lang Lang launch the initiative? A．To design piano lessons for teachers. B．To present pianos to primary schools. C．To make his foundation more famous. D．To give more kids access to piano lessons. 23．How did Lang Lang stress the importance of a good childhood music education? A．By telling a story. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving an example. D．By using an expert’s words. 24．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Art lessons are fully valued in schools. B．Music schools have been started worldwide. C．The lack of arts education is a global problem. D．Most Americans know nothing about Mozart. Passage 7 （2023-2024学年高一上·福建厦门·期末）“FIND YOUR PASSION (热爱)! ”  This inspiring instruction suggests it’s important to discover what truly excites us in life. But is it good advice? Science tells us that passions are developed. They can be raised through curiosity and repeated practices. Our first interest can be developed into a true passion with positive experiences. But “finding” a passion means that it already exists and is waiting to be discovered. This misunderstanding can hold people back. Fortunately, our latest research shows there are ways to encourage a more open outlook about it. To study these ideas, we use a framework of “fixed” and “growth” mindsets: fixed mindset sees interests as unchangeable, while a growth mindset views interests and passions as developed. A growth mindset of interest comes with many advantages, while a fixed mindset may discourage exploration. In one study, after we excited participants’(参与者的) interest in a topic of black holes with an easy-to-understand video, people with a fixed mindset came to dislike the topic when faced with a technical article. Those with a growth mindset kept their new-found interest despite the difficulty. So can a growth mindset of interest be taught? We published findings with 700 liberal arts undergraduates, most of whom held limited interest in math and science. We offered students either our intervention (干预) or a study skills module. The intervention included reading and reflective writing activities that helped students think about interests and passions as developed rather than found and fixed. For example, students wrote a paragraph about a case when they developed interest in a new activity. The study skills module, meanwhile, stressed practices such as time management. By the end of the school year, the students who had received the intervention were more interested in their required math and science courses——and earned better grades in those courses—than their study skills peers. While our intervention offers a way for schools to support their students, we also believe people can independently build up a growth mindset of interest. Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found.” Take an active role in developing them. 25．What does “this misunderstanding” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Passions can be developed with more practices. B．Interest is of great help to build up confidence. C．Passions are fixed and wait to be uncovered. D．Interest can be discouraged by repeated work. 26．Why does the author mention the “black holes” study? A．To make a prediction. B．To show the difference. C．To protest a decision. D．To explain the rule. 27．What can we learn about the study from paragraph 4? A．Students were grouped based on types of mindset. B．Reflective writings helped students build up interest. C．Study skills were used to reduce students’ stress. D．Better grades contributed to one’s favour to a subject. 28．Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A．Love what you do, and you’ll keep going and become better. B．Find what you love, and you’ll never have to work a day. C．It can always be easy and exciting to dig into new areas. D．It is much better to get lost in the passion than to lose it. Passage 8 （2023-2024学年高一下·江西·期末）Where is “space” exactly? This may seem like a simple question, but the answer may be more difficult than you think. Nowadays, most countries are generally in agreement that space begins when Earth’s atmosphere ends. But no one can tell where atmosphere actually ends and outer space begins. This leaves the door open for a variety of explanations until the Karman Line was recognized by international laws. The so-called Karman Line is an imaginary line 100 kilometers above Earth’s surface. Once this line is crossed, the air is too thin and traditional planes would need to reach the speed of 30,564 kilometers per hour or risk falling back to Earth. According to the international laws, once pilots and aircraft cross that line, they are recognized as astronauts and spacecraft and are free to conduct space operations without concern for international borders (边境). In the early age of space exploration, the US defined space differently and insisted that space start 19.3 kilometers below the Karman Line, since the US was confident that it would lead and remain to be the leader in the traditional aircraft industry. Well aware that the US wanted to operate advanced spying (侦查) aircraft safely, many developing countries opposed the idea and sought to establish much higher space limits — 965.6 kilometers above Earth’s surface. This space limit makes things a bit difficult for every country, though. At that height, even the International Space Station and Tiangong Space Station (orbiting between 320 to 435 kilometers up), and many satellites (orbiting 869 kilometers up) would not be considered spacecraft! In recent years, the US has been trying to determine a “safer border of space”. In 2009, it suggested that the border of space begin at l18 kilometers above Earth’s surface. What was its argument this time? It said that many breakthroughs have been made in space and spying technologies by other countries! 29．What is correct about the Kármán Line according to the international laws? A．It is unsafe for some countries. B．Traditional planes should not cross it. C．Pilots can fly freely above it. D．It is the highest line pilots can reach. 30．Many less developed countries suggested that space begin at_______. A．965.6 kilometers above Earth’s surface B．118 kilometers above Earth’s surface C．100 kilometers above Earth’s surface D．90.7 kilometers above Earth’s surface 31．What does the author most probably think of the US’ suggestions? A．Smart. B．Unfair. C．Scientific. D．Uncreative. 32．What is the best title for the text? A．Where Does Space Begin Exactly? B．How High Should the Karman Line Be? C．How Can We Protect Our National Borders? D．Why Does the US Want to Change the Karman Line? Passage 9 （2023-2024学年高一下·江西上饶·期末）When I interview the students for admission to my institution, Pitzer College, I usually ask them the same question, “What do you look forward to the most in the university?”. I was surprised and delighted recently when a student sat across from and replied, “I look forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when sitting before the person who can make decision about their academic futures, but this young man took a risk. “You see, my parents have never let me fail,” he said. “When I want to take a chance at something, they remind me it’s not a safe route to take. Taking a more rigorous course or trying an activity І may not succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at college admission.” Kids all over the world admit they are under heavy pressure to be perfect. So students are usually in shock when I tell them I never expect perfection. How could a dean (院长) of admission at one of America’s most selective institutions not want the best and the brightest ? The reality is(that)perfection doesn’t exist. I’ve spent enough time in high schools to know teenagers will never be perfect. They do silly things, mess up, fall down, and lack confidence. The lessons of failure can’t be taught in a classroom; they are experienced and reflected upon. During my weekend of interviews, another student told me, “I’m ashamed to admit I failed English, but I decided to take it again and got a B-plus. I’ m now taking English lessons, and even though I don’t love it, I’m glad I pushed through!” I asked him what he learned from the experience. “I learned to let go of shame,” he said. “I realized that I can’t let a grade define my success. I also learned that if you want anything bad enough, you can achieve it.” I smiled as I wrote his words down on the application-review form. This kid will thrive on my campus. Not only will the college teachers love him, but he has the skills he needs to adjust to the life in a college. Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college. 33．What can we learn from the student mentioned in paragraph 3? A．Teachers can help students to admit failure. B．Parents define their children’s success by grades. C．Young people spend enough time letting go of shame. D．Teenagers get lessons of failure through experiences. 34．Which of the following statements may the author disagree with? A．To make error is human and nobody can achieve perfection. B．Pursuing perfection puts too much pressure on kids. C．A student should keep pushing for what he wants and try to avoid failure. D．Failure is viewed as an unavoidable but valuable learning opportunity. 35．Why did the author smile as he wrote the student’s words down? A．Because the college teachers would love the student for his perfection. B．Because he succeeded in recommending the student to enter the college. C．Because the student realized his dream of being a perfect person. D．Because he thought the student would have a promising future. 36．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Learn to Fail B．Live to Learn C．Try to Succeed D．Decide to Experience Passage 10 （2023-2024学年高一上·云南玉溪·期末）Everybody likes to laugh sometimes, whether at a funny joke, an amusing incident or a humorous photograph or sound. The great thing is that once we’ve had a good laugh, we feel happier. It would seem therefore, that bringing a bit of humour into more serious situations might be good for us. Places like a humourless office or a tense classroom could sometimes need a good dose of laughter. I know that in my workplace, a bit of hilarity can go a long way towards making it a more enjoyable place to spend eight or so hours a day. Seeing the funny side of things can certainly lift our spirits and that in turn can make us feel better about what we’re doing. Maybe we should get inspiration from Steve Carlisle, president of General Motors of Canada. When he walks around the firm’s Ontario headquarters he shares his sense of humour to bond (与……建立密切联系) with his staff. He says, “It can help people feel more relaxed, more comfortable and thus be more effective at what they do.” Humour can be used by teachers in the classroom too. It’s a good way to break the ice with students and create a more relaxing atmosphere which is good for learning. But we have to be careful; not everyone laughs at the same things. While some of us may admire a work colleague or fellow student for their clever and well-told joke, others may consider them sarcastic (讽刺的), offensive or just an idiot! According to Professor Schweitzer, from the University of Philadelphia’s Wharton School, a worker or boss who successfully uses humour is seen as both confident and competent, which in turn increases his or her status. He says, “Being funny is taking a risk, and being risky shows confidence.” 37．What does the underlined word “hilarity” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Humour. B．Horror. C．Stress. D．Time-off. 38．What can we infer from the passage? A．Bad jokes can have positive effects. B．People are always admired for their jokes. C．Humour can help employees get more effective. D．Seriousness can have a bad impact on your health. 39．What do we know about Steve Carlisle? A．He likes telling jokes to his employees. B．He uses his humour to break ice with students. C．He often leaves his office to watch over his staff. D．He considers humour a reflection of confidence and competence. 40．In which column will you probably find the text in a magazine? A．History. B．Lifestyle. C．Travel. D．Sport. Passage 11 （2023-2024学年 高一下·湖北武汉·期末）When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese, etc.” But this kind of response misses the point. More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! Every person speaks a dialect, too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not？” (meaning “Have you eaten？”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well­formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 41．What does the author think of his/her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A．It reflects their self confidence. B．It misses the real meaning of accents. C．It misses the point of communication. D．It reflects their language levels. 42．Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A．To correct a grammatical mistake. B．To show the diversity of dialects. C．To justify the use of dialects. D．To highlight a traditional approach. 43．What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A．Seek for an official definition of accents. B．Learn to speak with your local dialect. C．Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D．Distinguish our local languages from others’. 44．What can be a suitable title for this passage? A．Standard English Is at Risk B．Accents Enhance Our Identities C．Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D．Everyone Has an Accent Passage 12 （2023-2024学年高一下·湖北咸宁·期末）I ask every student I interview for admission to my institution, Pitzer College, the same question, “What do you look forward to the most in college?” I was amazed and delighted recently when a student sat across from me at a Starbucks in New York City and replied, “I look forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when sitting before the person who can make decisions about their academic futures, but this young man took a risk. “You see, my parents have never let me fail,“ he said. “When I want to take a chance at something, they remind me it’s not a safe route to take. Taking a more demanding (要求高的) course or trying an activity I may not succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at college admission. Even the sacrifice of staying up late to do something unrelated to school, they see as a risk to my academic work and college success.” These days, finding imperfections in a college application is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Students try their best to hide factors they regard as negative and only tell us things they believe we will find impressive. This is supported by a secondary school culture where teachers are under pressure to give students nothing less than an A, and are told not to report disciplinary infractions (违纪) to colleges. Education agents in other countries are known to falsify student transcripts (成绩单), assuming that outstanding grades are the ticket to admission. I’ve spent enough time in high schools to know teenagers will never be perfect. They do silly things, mess up, fall down, and lack confidence. The ability to bounce (回弹) back is an essential life skill students have to learn on their own. The lessons of failure can’t be taught in a classroom; they are experienced and reflected upon. Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming, and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college. 45．What can you infer about students in the author’s interviews? A．They usually try all out to display their strengths. B．They usually express a desire to experience failure. C．They usually take a risk so as to get admitted into college. D．They usually complain about their parents’ control over them. 46．What can you learn from paragraph 3? A．Students should make their college applications perfect. B．Secondary school teachers don’t like to give students A． C．Secondary schools tend to help cover students’ imperfections. D．Outstanding scores will certainly ensure you a place in a college. 47．According to the author, what quality may be expected from students by college professors? A．The ability to learn outside class. B．The ability to deal with failure. C．The ability to be always confident. D．The ability to learn on their own. 48．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Teenagers are far from being perfect. C．If you want to get into college, learn to fail. D．If you want to impress interviewers, take a risk. 试卷第1页，共3页 23 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解(夹叙夹议+议论文) ( 地 城 高频话题 01 个人经历 ( 夹叙夹议 ) ) Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一下·浙江台州·期末）Growing up in rural (农村的) communities, I always had a love of the countryside, animals and nature. The books I read as a child often had animals at their heart — The Owl Who was Afraid of the Dark, Charlotte’s Web. Farming, however, was something I experienced later in life, in my teenage years. It’s something I instantly connected with, and I feel fortunate that my children have been able to grow up helping out on the farm and spending lots of time with our livestock and pets. It’s so important to get a connection with farming at an early stage. We all eat food, so being familiar with where it comes from and what goes into producing it is a natural thing. If a spark of interest can be ignited early, it can only be a good thing going forward. It’s a joy to see the children’s faces light up on school visits when they see the photos of animals on our family farm and watch the video of an egg hatching (孵化). Animals have a unique magic all of their own. Being around animals also teaches children what they can take with them into adulthood. It builds foundations of responsibility, kindness, as well as perseverance and problem solving. We work together as a family a lot on the farm, which builds a strong work ethic and a sense of teamwork — both fantastic life skills. I’m a firm believer that you don’t know what you’re going to love until you try it. My hope is that if children from non-rural backgrounds get a taste of what it’s like on a farm, then they might discover something they love. 1．How does the author lead into the topic? A．By showing his desire to keep animals. B．By recommending his childhood reads. C．By sharing his own experience with nature. D．By comparing his farm life with his children’s. 2．What does the underlined word “ignited” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Awakened. B．Expressed. C．Weakened. D．Kept. 3．What role does an early contact with farming play in children’s growth? A．A time killer. B．A character builder. C．A social connector. D．An emotional comforter. 4．Which statement does the author probably agree with? A．Well begun is half done. B．What pains us shapes us. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Interest starts with practice. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过讲述个人的经历，论述了在人生的早期阶段，在农村长大给成长带来的好处。 1．推理判断题。根据首段“Growing up in rural (农村的) communities, I always had a love of the countryside, animals and nature. The books I read as a child often had animals at their heart—The Owl Who was Afraid of the Dark, Charlotte’s Web.(在农村社区长大，我一直热爱乡村、动物和大自然。我小时候读的书里经常有动物的身影——《怕黑的猫头鹰》、《夏洛的网》。)”可知，该段介绍了作者在农村成长的经历带来的影响，由此可知，本文是通过介绍个人经历引入话题的。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的“It’s a joy to see the children’s faces light up on school visits when they see the photos of animals on our family farm and watch the video of an egg hatching (孵化). Animals have a unique magic all of their own.(当孩子们参观学校时，看到我们家庭农场里动物的照片和鸡蛋孵化的视频，他们的脸上都露出了喜悦的表情。)”可知，孩子们看到农场里的动物的照片和鸡蛋孵化的视频时，他们都会感到开心，结合划线单词所在的句子“If a spark of interest can be…early, it can only be a good thing going forward.(如果兴趣的火花能够及早被……，那么它在将来只会是一件好事。)”可推知，兴趣的火花被尽早“点燃”，在将来会是一件好事，划线单词的意思应与A项“Awakened点燃”意义相近。故选A项。 3．细节理解题，根据倒数第二段中的“Being around animals also teaches children what they can take with them into adulthood. It builds foundations of responsibility, kindness, as well as perseverance and problem solving. We work together as a family a lot on the farm, which builds a strong work ethic and a sense of teamwork—both fantastic life skills.(它建立了责任、善良、毅力和解决问题的基础。我们一家人经常在农场一起工作，这建立了强烈的职业道德和团队意识——这两种都是很棒的生活技能。)”可知，早期与农场接触可以让孩子建立责任、善良、毅力和解决问题的基础，还可以形成强烈的职业道德和团队意识这样的生活技能，由此可知，早期与农场的接触可以培养儿童的性格和能力。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据尾段“I’m a firm believer that you don’t know what you’re going to love until you try it. My hope is that if children from non-rural backgrounds get a taste of what it’s like on a farm, then they might discover something they love.(我坚信你不知道你会爱上什么，除非你尝试过。我的希望是，如果来自非农村背景的孩子们能体验一下农场的生活，那么他们可能会发现自己喜欢的东西。)”可知，作者认为只有你尝试过才会爱上，同时，作者希望没有农村成长背景的孩子来体验一下农场生活会发现自己喜欢的东西，由此可知，作者赞成的观点是兴趣源于实践。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一下·河南周口·期末）It was 8:10 and I was lying in the sun, listening to my favorite CD, on a weekend morning. Then Mum came out. She wanted me to go out with her. She told me about this place called Give Kids the World. It’s a special (特别的) place for families to spend a vacation when a child had a life-threatening (致命的) illness. She did some jobs there, like gift giving and ice-cream serving. Mum said I would enjoy it, but I thought those were boring jobs. Mum told me we were going to take a toy and an ice-cream to every child in the village. We got to the first house and I knocked on the door and shouted, “Gift Giving”, and a woman answered it. Sitting in the middle of the bedroom was a boy in a wheelchair. I gave him the gifts, and his face lighted up (露出喜色) with happiness. I walked out and thought, “That must be boring, unable to jump around.” As I came into the second house with gifts, it seemed a little strange that the child didn’t see me. Her mum said something was much wrong with her eyes, so I needed to go and stand in front of her. When I did that, she became very excited and made a sign for “thanks”, though her legs couldn’t move at all. When we went back home, Mum told me these kids might not live to see tomorrow. Suddenly, I understood I should be more thankful that I don’t have these illnesses. I no longer wanted to be at home listening to my CDs. I would rather (宁愿) be doing this, maybe making a difference (产生影响) in these kids’ lives. 5．Give Kids the World is a special place to spend a vacation when ________. A．people can’t find interesting jobs B．the children are badly ill C．people are interested in toys D．the children want to receive gifts 6．When the first boy received gifts from the writer, he felt ________. A．upset B．nervous C．excited D．sorry 7．Before he went to Give Kids the World, in the free time, the writer’s favorite thing is ____. A．doing sports B．helping others C．listening to music D．reading books 8．The writer wanted to help the kids in bad health ________. A．after he went to visit the two sick kids B．while he was getting badly ill C．when he knew his mother’s boring jobs D．while he was listening to his CDs 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者和母亲一同去给残疾的孩子们送礼物，从而让作者意识到没有疾病应该心存感激。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“She told me about this place called Give Kids the World. It’s a special place for families to spend a vacation when a child had a life-threatening (致命的) illness. (她告诉我一个叫“给孩子们世界”的地方。这是一个特殊的地方，当孩子患有危及生命的疾病时，家庭可以在这里度假。)”可知，Give Kids the World是一个当孩子有致命的疾病时，一家人会去那里度假的特殊的地方。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“I gave him the gifts, and his face lighted up with happiness. (我给了他礼物，他高兴得满脸通红。)”可知，当第一个男孩收到作者的礼物时，他觉得很兴奋。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据第一段“It was 8:10 and I was lying in the sun, listening to my favorite CD, on a weekend morning. (那是一个周末的早晨，8点10分，我躺在阳光下，听我最喜欢的CD。)”可知，作者空闲时间最喜欢听音乐。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When we went back home, Mum told me these kids might not live to see tomorrow. Suddenly, I understood I should be more thankful that I don’t have these illnesses. I no longer wanted to be at home listening to my CDs. I would rather (宁愿) be doing this, maybe making a difference (产生影响) in these kids’ lives. (当我们回家时，妈妈告诉我这些孩子可能活不到明天。突然间，我明白我应该更加感激自己没有这些疾病。我不想再呆在家里听CD了。我宁愿这样做，也许能改变这些孩子的生活。)”可知，在作者去看望两个生病的孩子之后，他想帮助那些身体不好的孩子。故选A。 Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一下·河北保定·期末）There are always two sides to a story. Unfortunately, when it comes to the history of Thanksgiving, generations of Americans have been taught a one-sided history in homes and schools. The mainstream cultural and historical story has been told by the white settlers (殖民者) who landed near Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts in 1620. In this version (版本)of the Thanksgiving story, the holiday celebrates the peaceful, friendly meeting of English settlers and the Wampanoag tribe (部落) for three days of feasting and thanksgiving in 1621. This story paints a picture of courageous settlers braving the dangers of the New World and with the help of some friendly natives, finding a way to make a new life for themselves. Very few teachers get a chance to tell students about the mass killing of native tribes that took place in the years that followed. For many Native Americans, Thanksgiving is a day of mourning (哀悼) and protest. Organised by the United American Indians of New England in1970, the fourth Thursday in November (Thanksgiving) was recognised as the NationalDay of Mourning for Native Americans. While some Native Americans have chosen to reject the Thanksgiving holiday completely, many welcome the positive messages of the holiday without consideration of its origin. This is because the idea of giving thanks is central to Native Americans’ culture, and in this way, Thanksgiving is simply a chance to appreciate the good things of life, like family, community, and the riches of the land. Steven Peters, a Wampanoag tribe spokesman, was asked about his views on Thanksgiving and the fact that most Native Americans still gather to eat turkey and give thanks. “I think it’s great. My ancestors had four harvest festivals throughout the year. Gathering with family and giving thanks for all that we have is a good thing. But I ask that you take a moment on that day to remember what happened to my people and the history as it was and not what had been written in the history books.” 9．What can be learnt about the mainstream Thanksgiving story? A．It is a faithful reflection of the history. B．It mourns the suffering of the natives. C．It represents only one side of the story. D．It is about the real origin of Thanksgiving. 10．What does the underlined word “reject” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Refuse. B．Reflect. C．Promote. D．Celebrate. 11．Why do many Native Americans celebrate Thanksgiving? A．They are misled by history books. B．They have adapted to modern life. C．The history has taught them to be grateful. D．The idea of giving thanks fits their culture. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Storytelling: No More One-Sided Approach B．Native Americans: Let the World Hear Our Voice C．American History: Tears and Blood of the Natives D．Thanksgiving: A Different Story to Native Americans 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．D 12．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了从原住民的角度看待感恩节的历史和意义，强调了这是一个讲述故事两面性的时刻，对于许多美国原住民而言，感恩节承载着哀悼与抗议的情感，同时也表达了对生活中美好事物的感激之情。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“There are always two sides to a story. Unfortunately, when it comes to the history of Thanksgiving, generations of Americans have been taught a one-sided history in homes and schools.(故事总是有两面性的。不幸的是，当谈到感恩节的历史时，几代美国人在家庭和学校里被灌输了片面的历史)”以及第二段的“The mainstream cultural and historical story has been told by the white settlers (殖民者) who landed near Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts in 1620. (1620年在马萨诸塞州普利茅斯岩附近登陆的白人定居者讲述了主流文化和历史故事)”可知，主流的感恩节故事只代表了一方面的情况，即白人定居者的视角，而没有全面反映历史的真实情况。故选C。 10．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子“many welcome the positive messages of the holiday without consideration of its origin.(许多人欢迎这个节日的积极信息，而不考虑它的起源)”以及句首的While可知，虽然一些美洲原住民选择完全拒绝感恩节，但许多人欢迎这个节日的积极信息，而不考虑它的起源。这里reject对应的是完全不庆祝感恩节的行为，即“拒绝”或“不接受”。故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据第五段的“This is because the idea of giving thanks is central to Native Americans’ culture, and in this way, Thanksgiving is simply a chance to appreciate the good things of life, like family, community, and the riches of the land.(这是因为感恩的理念是美洲原住民文化的核心，因此，感恩节只是一个欣赏生活中美好事物的机会，比如家庭、社区和土地的财富)”可知，许多原住民庆祝感恩节是因为感恩的理念符合他们的文化传统。故选D。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“There are always two sides to a story. Unfortunately, when it comes to the history of Thanksgiving, generations of Americans have been taught a one-sided history in homes and schools.(故事总是有两面性的。不幸的是，当谈到感恩节的历史时，几代美国人在家庭和学校里被灌输了片面的历史)”以及全文可知，全文探讨了感恩节对于原住民来说有着不同的含义，不仅仅是庆祝，也包含哀悼和抗议，以及他们如何从自己的文化角度看待这个节日。因此，最合适的标题是“感恩节：对原住民来说是一个不同的故事”。故选D。 Passage 4 （2023-2024学年高一下·河北保定·期末）Kids are even more in the bag of social media companies than we think. Many of them have given away their online autonomy fully to their phones. For them, the only acceptable online environment is one designed by big tech algorithms (算法). As children’s free time and imaginations become more and more tightly joined to the social media, we need to understand that uncontrolled access to the Internet comes at a cost. This spring, I visited with a group of high school students in Connecticut to have a conversation about the role that social media plays in their daily lives and in their mental health. More children today report feeling depressed, lonely, and disconnected than ever before. There are countless problems with children and teenagers using social media. But the high schoolers with whom I met alerted me to a hidden result of teenagers’ growing addiction to social media: the death of exploration and discovery. Algorithmic recommendations now do the work of discovering and pursuing interests, finding community, and learning about the world. Kids today are, simply put, not learning how to be curious, critical adults—and they don’t seem to know what they’ve lost. We all know the journeys in life matter just as much as the destinations. It is the sweat to get the outcome that makes the outcome more fulfilling and satisfying. What the kids I spoke to did not know is that these algorithms have been designed in a way that unavoidably makes and keeps users unhappy. Social media companies know that content that generates negative feelings holds our attention longer than that which makes us feel good. If you are a teenager feeling bad about yourself, your social media feed will keep delivering you videos and pictures that are likely to produce negative feelings. We should take some measures. Teenagers and kids are to be inspired to determine if we will really be happier as a species when machines and algorithms do all the work for us, or if fulfillment only comes when humans actually do the work, searching and discovering, of being human. 13．We can learn from paragraph 1 that social media companies ______. A．earn a lot of money from kids B．have a great impact on kids C．make kids give away their phones D．provide necessary services to kids 14．According to the author, what is the result of children’s addiction to social media? A．They become more dependent on their phones. B．They feel less depressed and lonely than ever before. C．They are unable to find community and learn about the world. D．They gradually lose the ability to be curious and critical. 15．Why do social media companies prefer content that generates negative feelings? A．It helps them gain more attention from users. B．It makes users feel more satisfied with their products. C．It encourages users to explore and discover new things. D．It promotes the development of artificial intelligence. 16．What should be done to change the current situation? A．Limit the use of social media for children and teenagers. B．Inspire children to complete the work without the help of algorithms. C．Encourage teenagers and children to explore and discover the contentment of life. D．Redesign social media algorithms to make users happier and more fulfilled. 【答案】13．B 14．D 15．A 16．C 【导语】本文是议论文。主要讨论了社交媒体算法对青少年和儿童的影响，特别是它们如何影响孩子们的探索和发现能力，以及由此产生的心理健康问题。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Kids are even more in the bag of social media companies than we think. Many of them have given away their online autonomy fully to their phones. For them, the only acceptable online environment is one designed by big tech algorithms (算法). (孩子们比我们想象的更容易受到社交媒体公司的影响。他们中的许多人已经把上网的自主权完全交给了手机。对他们来说，唯一可以接受的网络环境是由大型科技算法设计的。)”可知，社交媒体公司对孩子们有很大的影响。故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are countless problems with children and teenagers using social media. But the high schoolers with whom I met alerted me to a hidden result of teenagers’ growing addiction to social media: the death of exploration and discovery. Algorithmic recommendations now do the work of discovering and pursuing interests, finding community, and learning about the world. Kids today are, simply put, not learning how to be curious, critical adults—and they don’t seem to know what they’ve lost. (儿童和青少年使用社交媒体存在无数问题。但我遇到的那些高中生提醒我，青少年越来越沉迷于社交媒体的一个隐藏结果是：探索和发现的死亡。算法推荐现在的工作是发现和追求兴趣，寻找社区和了解世界。简单地说，今天的孩子没有学会如何成为好奇、挑剔的成年人，而且他们似乎不知道自己失去了什么。)”可知，根据作者的观点，儿童沉迷于社交媒体的结果是他们逐渐失去了好奇和批判的能力。故选D项。 15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What the kids I spoke to did not know is that these algorithms have been designed in a way that unavoidably makes and keeps users unhappy. Social media companies know that content that generates negative feelings holds our attention longer than that which makes us feel good. (与我交谈的孩子们不知道的是，这些算法的设计方式不可避免地会让用户不满意。社交媒体公司知道，产生负面情绪的内容比让我们感觉良好的内容更能吸引我们的注意力。)”可知，社交媒体公司更喜欢产生负面情绪的内容，因为这有助于他们获得更多用户的关注。故选A项。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We should take some measures. Teenagers and kids are to be inspired to determine if we will really be happier as a species when machines and algorithms do all the work for us, or if fulfillment only comes when humans actually do the work, searching and discovering, of being human. (我们应该采取一些措施。青少年和孩子们应该受到启发，去决定，当机器和算法为我们做所有的工作时，我们作为一个物种是否真的会更快乐，或者只有当人类真正去做作为人类的工作，去寻找和发现时，我们才会得到满足。)”可知，应该鼓励青少年和儿童探索和发现生活的满足感来改变现状。故选C项。 Passage 5 （2023-2024学年高一下·河北保定·期末）Artificial intelligence is making its way into classrooms, suggesting a future where education is more personalized and active. AI’s ability to customize learning and provide immediate feedback could change how students learn, making education more effective and attracting. Schools globally are starting to see the benefits of AI. For example, adaptive learning platforms can now tailor lessons to each student’s pace and style of learning, improving engagement and understanding. DreamBox Learning, an AI-powered math platform, has already showed how such technology can improve students’ abilities in problem solving. However, there’s a notable concern raised alongside these advancements —the AI divide, or the growing gap between those who have access to advanced AI tools and those who do not. A 2023 report by the Educational Data Trust found that wealthier school districts are three times more likely to have adopted AI-powered learning platforms compared to the under-resourced districts. We don’t know what this technology will look like 10 years from now, but the current trend shuts out poor districts. It’s in the big dog’s best interest to do so, but it sucks anyways. Addressing the AI divide requires a concerted effort. Policymakers have the power to level the playing field by supporting AI accessibility in all schools. Schools and educators have a role to play too. They must train their students to use AI as a tool. They can foster partnerships to share AI resources and focus on building universally essential skills like critical thinking and digital literacy. Tech companies and community groups have roles to play as well, such as offering AI expertise and support to schools lacking resources. AI in education has both advantages and disadvantages, with the promise of transformative(带来变革的)learning coming alongside the risk of deepening divides. As we accept AI’s potential, we must also make sure that it serves as a tool for to help everyone, paving the way for a future where every student has the opportunity to succeed. 17．Why does the author mention “DreamBox Learning” in paragraph 2? A．To show the advantages of AI. B．To introduce an AI-powered social media platform. C．To help students to solve math problems. D．To improve students’ abilities in problem solving. 18．What is the author’s attitude towards AI in education? A．Supportive. B．Disappointed. C．Objective. D．Critical. 19．What does the underlined word “concerted” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Tough. B．Joint. C．Limited. D．Brief. 20．What is the best title for the text? A．AI in Education—A Double-edged Sword B．AI in Education—A Great Success C．AI in Media Platform—An Advanced Tool D．AI in Classroom—A Replacement for the Teacher 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文的体裁是议论文。文章探讨了人工智能在教育领域的应用，指出其能定制学习、提供即时反馈，使教育更个性化和有效。 17．推理判断题。根据第二段中“For example, adaptive learning platforms can now tailor lessons to each student’s pace and style of learning, improving engagement and understanding. DreamBox Learning, an AI-powered math platform, has already showed how such technology can improve students’ abilities in problem solving.(例如，适应性学习平台现在可以根据每个学生的学习速度和风格定制课程，从而提高参与度和理解力。DreamBox Learning是一个人工智能数学平台，它已经展示了这种技术如何提高学生解决问题的能力)”可知，作者提到DreamBox Learning是为了通过举例的方式来展示人工智能在教育中的优势，故选A项。 18．推理判断题。根据前文内容和最后一段“AI in education has both advantages and disadvantages, with the promise of transformative (带来变革的) learning coming alongside the risk of deepening divides. As we accept AI’s potential, we must also make sure that it serves as a tool for to help everyone, paving the way for a future where every student has the opportunity to succeed.( 教育中的AI既有优势也有劣势，它既可能带来变革性的学习，也可能加深社会分化的风险。随着我们接受AI的潜力，我们必须确保它成为一种帮助每个人的工具，为每个学生都有机会成功的未来铺平道路)”可知，作者在文章中既提到了人工智能在教育中的好处，也指出了其存在的问题，可见作者对人工智能在教育中的态度是客观的，故选C项。 19．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Addressing the AI divide requires a… effort. Policymakers have the power to level the playing field by supporting AI accessibility in all schools. Schools and educators have a role to play too(解决 AI 鸿沟需要……努力。政策制定者有权通过支持所有学校使用人工智能来创造公平的竞争环境。学校和教育工作者也发挥着作用) ”可知解决 AI 鸿沟需要需要政策制定者、学校和教育工作者多方共同努力，可推知concerted意为“联合的，共同的”，与“joint”意思相近，故选B项。 20．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AI’s ability to customize learning and provide immediate feedback could change how students learn, making education more effective and attracting(人工智能的定制化学习和即时反馈能力可能会改变学生的学习方式，使教育更有效并吸引更多学生)”、第二段“Schools globally are starting to see the benefits of AI. For example, adaptive learning platforms can now tailor lessons to each student’s pace and style of learning, improving engagement and understanding.( 全球的学校开始看到人工智能的好处。例如，自适应学习平台现在可以根据每个学生的学习速度和风格来定制课程，提高参与度和理解力)”以及第三段“However, there’s a notable concern raised alongside these advancements —the AI divide, or the growing gap between those who have access to advanced AI tools and those who do not.( 然而，随着这些进步，人们提出了一个值得注意的问题——AI鸿沟，即那些能够使用先进AI工具的人和那些无法使用的人之间的差距正在扩大)”可知，文章探讨了人工智能在教育中的应用，提到了其带来的好处，如个性化学习、提高学习效果等，同时也指出了存在的问题，如造成地区之间的差距。所以文章的最佳标题是“AI in Education—A Double-edged Sword (教育中的人工智能——一把双刃剑) ”，故选A项。 Passage 6 （2023-2024学年高一下·湖南长沙·期末）I wanted to set myself the writing challenge of citing some of the many positive things about having a baby. It’s addressed to one person, but I hope that those who find themselves at a similar crossroads get help from it. To my friend A, All you ever seem to hear about parenthood is negative. I do not feel this. You create a new life in that child, and with that baby, you get a new life, too. When I became a mother, my own mother’s embrace, and my father’s, not to mention my extended family’s, have kept me going. We are used to hearing about how motherhood limits your life, less so about how it can expand it. I have always believed that life is fundamentally about human relationships, and having a baby has enhanced mine. Becoming a mother — and giving birth — has enhanced my feelings of unity with other women. Parenting has also allowed me to experience childhood again. I have always wanted to give someone else a childhood. My wide-eyed little boy is at the stage where he is simply in love with the world, and that love is thrillingly unconditional. It is a privilege to witness, and it makes me determined to maintain it for him as much as I am able to, because his laugh is the best sound that I have ever heard. A note about sleep: you will be OK — you’ve had enough wild nights to know you can cope. And you can get your body back, whatever that might mean to you. As for your career, it’s normal to worry. I speak only for myself when I say that I wish I had spent less time worrying beforehand about how I would write. I have far less time, now, but I’m still writing. Even a paragraph a day adds up to a novel, eventually. There is so much untapped joy and love there waiting for you, and I hope I’ve given you a small glimpse of some of it to hold on to. 21．Who might be the intended audience for this article? A．Self-centered parents. B．Those fearing to have a baby. C．Broken-hearted friends. D．Those avoiding marriage. 22．How does the author mainly make her arguments convincing? A．By explaining ideas. B．By quoting sayings. C．By comparing facts. D．By concluding opinions. 23．Why does the author give examples of her writing in the last paragraph? A．To show how successful she was as a writer. B．To note that where there is a will there is a way. C．To tell her friend that giving birth is a piece of cake. D．To persuade her friend not to worry about her career. 24．Which column may the article be chosen from? A．Opinion. B．Headline. C．Health. D．Culture. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．D 24．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者向朋友阐述拥有孩子带来的积极影响，旨在鼓励处于是否成为父母十字路口的朋友。 21．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I wanted to set myself the writing challenge of citing some of the many positive things about having a baby. It’s addressed to one person, but I hope that those who find themselves at a similar crossroads get help from it.(我想要给自己设定一个写作挑战，那就是列举出拥有一个宝宝所带来的许多积极方面。这封信虽然是写给一个人的，但我希望那些发现自己处于相似人生十字路口的人们，也能从中得到帮助)”可知，作者想写一些关于生孩子的积极的事情，这篇文章的目标读者是那些对生孩子有恐惧或担忧的人。故选B。 22．推理判断题。根据全文内容及第三段中“All you ever seem to hear about parenthood is negative. I do not feel this. You create a new life in that child, and with that baby, you get a new life, too. When I became a mother, my own mother’s embrace, and my father’s, not to mention my extended family’s, have kept me going.(你所听到的关于为人父母的一切似乎都是负面的。我没有这种感觉。你在那个孩子身上创造了新的生活，有了那个孩子，你也获得了新的生活。当我成为一名母亲时，我母亲和父亲的拥抱，更不用说我的大家庭了，让我一直坚持下去)”和第四段“I have always believed that life is fundamentally about human relationships, and having a baby has enhanced mine.(我一直相信，生活从根本上讲是关于人际关系的，生孩子增强了我的人际关系)”可知，作者主要通过解释自己对为人父母的看法和积极体验来说服读者，比如提到母子关系、与其他女性的团结感增强、重新体验童年等，都是在阐述观点以使论证具有说服力。故选A。 23．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“As for your career, it’s normal to worry. I speak only for myself when I say that I wish I had spent less time worrying beforehand about how I would write. I have far less time, now, but I’m still writing. Even a paragraph a day adds up to a novel, eventually. There is so much untapped joy and love there waiting for you, and I hope I’ve given you a small glimpse of some of it to hold on to.(关于你的职业生涯，感到担忧是很正常的。我仅从个人经历出发，希望自己当初没有花那么多时间去提前担心写作的问题。现在我的时间少了很多，但我仍在坚持写作。哪怕每天只写一段，终究也能累积成一部小说。那里有太多尚未被发掘的快乐与爱等着你，我希望我已经让你对此有了些许了解，让你有所期待并紧握不放)”可知，作者在最后一段中举例说明她的写作，是为了说服她的朋友，孩子不会影响她的事业，不必担心。故选D。 24．推理判断题。根据全文内容及第一段“I wanted to set myself the writing challenge of citing some of the many positive things about having a baby. It’s addressed to one person, but I hope that those who find themselves at a similar crossroads get help from it.(我想要给自己设定一个写作挑战，那就是列举出拥有一个宝宝所带来的许多积极方面。这封信虽然是写给一个人的，但我希望那些发现自己处于相似人生十字路口的人们，也能从中得到帮助)”可知，这篇文章以个人经历和观点为主，旨在分享成为母亲的积极面，鼓励对生育有顾虑的朋友，因此最可能出现在“Opinion(观点)”栏目。故选A。 ( 地 城 高频话题 02 艺术 / 社会问题社会现象 / 学习 / 生活方式 / 科学技术 ) Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一下·广东广州·期末）“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere,” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing what I’ve described. Welcome to the world of AI image generation, where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts (提示). But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction. AI image generation could influence everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process. Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate (模仿) the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is also adding emotion and slight difference into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same—it can only copy. The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as excellent as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughter, but you are no match for professionals. 1．What does the writer think of his image creation? A．Exciting. B．Concerned. C．Unsatisfying. D．Shocking. 2．What do children’s illustrators value most about art? A．The final art work. B．External expressions in art. C．The opposite of reality. D．The journey to creation. 3．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A．The ethical concerns in AI art imitation. B．Human artists’ influence on AI generators. C．The superiority of human artworks. D．The over-reliance of human on technology. 4．Which of the following best summarizes the last paragraph? A．Art is the mirror of life. B．Rome is not built in a day. C．No man can do two things at once. D．Don’t judge a book by its cover. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人工智能图像生成技术的现状和潜在问题，这种技术生成的图像存在不自然之处且缺乏创造性，违背了儿童插画家对艺术核心的理解，缺少最重要的创作过程，而且会引发一些伦理担忧，同时导致对专业艺术家作品的贬低。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction. (但仔细观察就会发现一些奇怪之处。在我的图像中，这个女人的脸有着非常奇怪的特征，似乎拿着多本书。而且，虽然看到图像出现时会有一种最初的兴奋感，但却没有创造性的满足感)”可知，作者认为这张创作出的图像很奇怪，无法令人满意。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. (从根本上说，艺术就是把你内心的感受转化成外在的东西。无论采用何种形式，真正的艺术都是关于创造过程而不是最终作品)”可知，儿童插画家最看重的是艺术的创作过程。故选D项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate (模仿) the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is also adding emotion and slight difference into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same—it can only copy. (除了创造力，还有更深层次的问题。为了根据提示创建图像，人工智能生成器依赖于已经存在的艺术和文本数据库。这可能会导致在未经其他艺术家同意的情况下，故意模仿其他艺术家的风格。有一种观点认为，人工智能生成器在受他人工作影响方面与人类没有什么不同。然而，人类艺术家也会在混合中添加情感和细微的差异。人工智能不会这样做——它只能复制)”可知，本段主要有关人工智能生成图像可能涉及的伦理问题，这种生成可能会未经艺术家同意模仿其风格，且无法像人类艺术家那样融入情感和细微差异。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as excellent as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughter, but you are no match for professionals. (越来越多地使用人工智能也将导致艺术家的作品贬值。人们已经对创意产业产生了负面偏见。人们会开始认为他们的“作品”和那些从事艺术创作的人一样优秀。当然，这是无稽之谈。你可以用你的手机给你的女儿拍一张漂亮的照片，但你比不上专业人士)”可知，更多地使用人工智能导致人们进一步贬低艺术创作的价值，但作者认为实际上人工智能生成的作品是无法与艺术创作者的作品相比的，这暗示了艺术创作需要经过长期的训练。因此，B项“罗马不是一天建成的”指做事不能急于求成，只有付出努力并持之以恒，才能取得成功，最能总结本段表达的意思。A. 艺术是生活的镜子；C. 一心不可二用；D. 不要以貌取人。故选B项。 Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一下·安徽合肥·期末）We live in an era, where a vast ocean of information is available immediately, and the question arises: can one learn too much? Because no individual can grasp the entirety of human knowledge. However, there exists a phenomenon where too much learning can lead to inaction, a state of being flooded with too much information. Consider a situation where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting lots of research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding weakens. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complicated and out of reach. This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit affects practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes. A more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather necessary information and then shift into action quickly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. The comparison with a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually mastered. This method applies to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals. In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interaction of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our ambitions. 5．What stops people from achieving the goal? A．The confusion caused by too much information. B．The inability to find relevant information. C．The distraction caused by unrelated tasks. D．The desire to learn basic concepts or strategies. 6．How do you achieve goals effectively according to the text? A．Sticking to continuous learning. B．Gaining as much knowledge as possible. C．Taking practical action without delay. D．Focusing more on theoretical knowledge. 7．Why is the example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To compare different learning styles. B．To illustrate learning through action and experience. C．To show the significance of making mistakes. D．To emphasize the necessity for parental guidance. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Process of Absorbing Information B．The Harmony of Learning and Doing C．The Pursuit of Advanced Knowledge D．The importance of Hands-on Experience 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．B 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出，在信息爆炸的时代，过度学习可能导致无所作为。追求更多信息有时会使目标复杂化，阻碍实际行动。实现目标的有效途径是在学习和实践间取得平衡，迅速行动并从实践中学习。学习应促进行动，而非成为障碍，通过实践应用知识，才能有效推进目标的实现。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, there exists a phenomenon where too much learning can lead to inaction, a state of being flooded with too much information. (然而，有一种现象是，太多的学习可能导致无所作为，一种被太多信息淹没的状态)”可知，信息过多造成的混乱会阻碍人们实现目标。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Gather necessary information and then shift into action quickly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. (收集必要的信息，然后迅速采取行动，即使你觉得有些措手不及。这通常是最好的学习方式，因为实践经验提供了理论知识无法提供的见解)”可知，通过毫不拖延地采取实际行动，你可以有效地实现目标。故选C项。 7．推理判断题。根据第五段中“A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated effort, walking is eventually mastered. (婴儿不是通过坐着和分析走路的过程来学习走路的。相反，它通过尝试走路和摔倒来学习，然后从每次跌倒中了解什么有用，什么没用。通过反复的努力，最终学会了走路)”可知，婴儿学习走路的例子充分体现了在尝试中吸取经验，再反复尝试，最终实现目标的模式。由此推知，作者举这个例子是为了展示通过行动和经验来学习。故选B项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中“A more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. (实现目标更有效的方法是在学习和实践之间取得平衡)”和最后一段中“Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interaction of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our ambitions. (学习应该是行动的垫脚石，而不是目的本身。只有通过收集知识和应用知识的互动，我们才能真正朝着我们的目标前进)”可知，文章指出，在信息爆炸的时代，过度学习可能导致无所作为。追求更多信息有时会使目标复杂化，阻碍实际行动。文章认为实现目标的有效途径是在学习和实践间取得平衡，迅速行动并从实践中学习。学习应促进行动，而非成为障碍，通过实践应用知识，才能有效推进目标的实现。因此，B项“学与做的和谐”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一下·安徽亳州·期末）Playtime in your childhood is closely connected to feelings of joy. Play shouldn’t be dismissed as mere childishness (幼稚). Engaging in play goes beyond fun and games — it’s a powerful tool for growth, learning, and healing. When children play, it’s not just about having a good time; they’re also actively developing life skills. The roots of playfulness sprout (萌芽) early; even babies respond to interactions with their family, whether it’s singing songs, gentle rocking, or active movement. Simple engagements like eye contact, smiles, or voices capture the attention of newborns, laying the foundation for essential connection, trust, and mutual play. Through these seemingly ordinary yet meaningful interactions, play begins. When playing, children learn about themselves and others. Play serves as a dynamic training ground for trying new things — from running and jumping to planning and organizing. Children discover their inborn talents and develop self-confidence. Engaging in positive play with others increases children’s desire to connect with peers. Laughter and fun create lightness and bring healing powers. Harmonious play fights against laziness and stress. Importantly, when parents play with children, it reduces stress, serving as a way to take up challenges. Playtime results in curiosity, causing the natural drive to learn. For instance, children playing “grocery store” uses math and problem-solving skills. In essence, play becomes a fun approach to learning. Despite its many benefits, play has declined in recent years, a result of the swift life pace of parents. The consequences of a play-lacking childhood extend far beyond the immediate, impacting long-term well-being. The absence of fun social interactions hinders (妨碍) social development and allows stress to accumulate. Without play, opportunities to connect, learn, and experiment are cut back, killing creativity and restricting the development of essential life skills. Among the demands and hustle (忙碌) of daily life, as parents, it’s easy to overlook the value of play — not just for children but also for ourselves. Prioritizing (优先) play as an adult isn’t a luxury; it’s a vital component for a healthy and happy life. Beyond the joy it brings, play offers the same physical and mental benefits for adults as it does for children. Welcoming fun and laughter not only enriches our lives but also brings moments of joy into our families. 9．What is mainly talked about babies in paragraph 2? A．The methods of communication. B．The interactions with parents. C．The beginning of first play. D．The ways to draw their attention. 10．Why do children play less these years than before? A．Because play is widely considered as childishness. B．Because children have a huge academical burden. C．Because no one benefits from play. D．Because their parents are too busy. 11．Who is the passage mainly intended for? A．Parents. B．Educators. C．Children. D．Doctors. 12．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Benefits of Leisure B．The Power of Play C．The Advice for Parents D．The growth of Children 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了玩耍在儿童成长中的重要性，指出玩耍不仅是娱乐，还是成长、学习和治愈的强大工具，同时强调了在快节奏生活中保持玩耍的重要性。 9．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The roots of playfulness sprout (萌芽) early; even babies respond to interactions with their family, whether it’s singing songs, gentle rocking, or active movement. Simple engagements like eye contact, smiles, or voices capture the attention of newborns, laying the foundation for essential connection, trust, and mutual play. Through these seemingly ordinary yet meaningful interactions, play begins.”（玩耍的根源很早就萌芽了；即使是婴儿也会对与家人的互动做出反应，无论是唱歌、轻轻摇晃，还是积极运动。眼神交流、微笑或声音等简单的互动都会吸引新生儿的注意力，为重要的联系、信任和相互玩耍打下基础。通过这些看似普通却有意义的互动，玩耍开始了。）可推知，第二段主要介绍了婴儿玩耍的开始。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Despite its many benefits, play has declined in recent years, a result of the swift life pace of parents.”（尽管玩耍有很多好处，但近年来玩耍的次数却有所减少，这是父母生活节奏加快的结果。）可知，近年来孩子们玩的时间比以前少了，是因为他们的父母太忙了。故选D项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Among the demands and hustle (忙碌) of daily life, as parents, it’s easy to overlook the value of play — not just for children but also for ourselves.”（在日常生活的需求和忙碌中，作为父母，我们很容易忽视玩耍的价值——不仅仅是对孩子，对我们自己也是如此。）可推知，这篇文章主要是要告诫父母不要忽视玩耍的价值，文章的对象是父母。故选A项。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Playtime in your childhood is closely connected to feelings of joy. Play shouldn’t be dismissed as mere childishness (幼稚). Engaging in play goes beyond fun and games — it’s a powerful tool for growth, learning, and healing.”（你童年时的玩耍时间与快乐的感觉紧密相连。玩耍不应该被视为仅仅是幼稚的。参与玩耍不仅仅是为了娱乐和游戏——它是一个促进成长、学习和治愈的强大工具。）以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了玩耍的好处，所以“The Power of Play”（玩耍的力量）作为文章标题最为合适。故选B项。 Passage 4 （2023-2024学年高一下·安徽阜阳·期末）One of the greatest musical geniuses (天才) of our time is Itzhak Perlman — but carrying the weight of that title as a child wasn’t easy. The violinist describes his early musical education as hell, with pressure from his teacher and his parents. They required him to do as they said. When Perlman got to Juilliard School, he was shocked when he was encouraged by his new teacher to be more expressive and self-reflective. Now, in the program for young musicians that he runs with his wife Toby, he uses a similar style with his own students, encouraging each to become the best version of themselves. It’s easy for us to regard Perlman’s early experience as a misguided approach of the past. Yet, in effect, this is exactly what we do when we label (贴标签) some as “gifted”. Whether it happens at school, at home, or elsewhere, research has proven that singling out a chosen few has negative influences on us all. When we single out those we believe to be exceptional, we create a culture of genius. This is an environment where star performers get the most resources and where the basic belief is the fixed mindset: Some have it, and some don’t. Once you single out children as exceptional, you put them on a pedestal (受人尊敬的地位) — one they often become afraid of falling off. Additionally, those labeled as gifted tend to possess a narrow set of skills. This affects their long-term development. In contrast, in cultures of growth, the central belief is the growth mindset — a belief in universal potential (普遍的潜能): Everyone has the ability to grow, learn, and contribute from wherever they are. In cultures of growth, everyone receives the necessary resources and instruction to develop. Cultures of growth nurture (培养) everyone based on their needs and abilities. We all have the power to create cultures of growth in our families, schools, and workplaces by holding the belief that everyone can learn and contribute, and by supporting one another on the path to success. Because we know that it’s in cultures of growth where the real genius lies. 13．What’s Perlman’s attitude toward his new teacher’s requirement? A．Excited. B．Surprised. C．Stressed. D．Disappointed. 14．How does labeling individuals as “gifted” affect their development? A．It causes a terrible fear of failure. B．It discourages their self-expression. C．It brings them too much self-confidence. D．It traps them into an old-fashioned mindset. 15．What is the difference between cultures of genius and cultures of growth? A．Cultures of growth provide limited resources. B．Cultures of growth believe in everyone’s ability. C．Cultures of genius encourage unhealthy competition. D．Cultures of genius focus on the increase of resources. 16．What is the main idea of the text? A．Competition leads to success. B．Talent is key to achievements. C．Labeling someone as gifted is harmful. D．Teachers are important for one’s development. 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．B 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文中通过描述Itzhak Perlman的早期经历和他对新教育方式的接受，以及对比天才文化和成长文化的不同，强调了给个人贴上“天才”标签所带来的负面影响。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段“When Perlman got to Juilliard School, he was shocked when he was encouraged by his new teacher to be more expressive and self-reflective.(当Perlman进入茱莉亚音乐学院时，他被他的新老师鼓励要更善于表达和自我反思，这让他感到震惊。)”可知，Perlman对新老师的要求的态度是惊讶的。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Once you single out children as exceptional, you put them on a pedestal (受人尊敬的地位) — one they often become afraid of falling off.(一旦你把孩子挑出来，认为他们是杰出的，你就把他们放在了一个受人尊敬的地位上——他们常常害怕从这个位置上掉下来。)”可知，给个人贴上“天才”的标签会导致他们对失败的恐惧。故选A。 15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In contrast, in cultures of growth, the central belief is the growth mindset — a belief in universal potential (普遍的潜能): Everyone has the ability to grow, learn, and contribute from wherever they are.(相比之下，在成长文化中，核心信念是成长心态——一种对普遍潜能的信念：无论身在何处，每个人都有成长、学习和贡献的能力。)”可知，天才文化和成长文化的区别是成长的文化相信每个人的能力。故选B。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Yet, in effect, this is exactly what we do when we label (贴标签) some as “gifted”. Whether it happens at school, at home, or elsewhere, research has proven that singling out a chosen few has negative influences on us all.(然而，实际上，当我们给一些人贴上“天才”的标签时，这正是我们所做的。无论是发生在学校、家里还是其他地方，研究已经证明，挑出少数人对我们所有人都有负面影响。)”可知，本文主要讲的是给个人贴上“天才”标签所带来的负面影响，因此本文的主旨是C选项“Labeling someone as gifted is harmful.(给别人贴上有天赋的标签是有害的。)”。故选C。 Passage 5 （2023-2024学年高一下·福建三明·期末）Is social media harmful to teenagers? This is the question we are going to examine. Social media sites have been blamed for most of the world's social problems from feeling disconnected and lonely to having difficulty forming meaningful relationships. Yet, many of us feel a need to use social media because it offers something we cannot find elsewhere, despite knowing the downsides. We will explore both the advantages and disadvantages of social media usage before reaching a conclusion on its impact on teenagers. An argument for social media claims it can contribute to social bonds (纽带) by promoting relationships with people in different areas. For example, social media has helped old school friends to get back in touch after many years without contact. Moreover, people find jobs now through social media or research information for their studies. These are real benefits of using social media. Additionally, social media bridges cultural divides, enabling people to connect and understand diverse perspectives, further strengthening social cohesion. Personally, the disadvantages of social media outweigh the benefits. The argument used by many people is that interactions on social media are no substitute (代替品) for face-to-face communication. When you are out with friends, how many times they check their phones, for example. It is all too easy to become absorbed in this online life rather than communicate in real life. Obviously, the downsides of social media overshadow its positive aspects. Researches highlight that it is far more satisfying to physically laugh out loud in real life rather than to replace the act with a typed representation of laughter such as “haha” or “LOL”. Ideally, we should have enough self-control to be able to limit our use of social media, enjoying the benefits it can bring. I think we should aim to do this, although it is not an easy job in today's connected world where so many people live their lives online. 17．What does the underlined word “downsides” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Disadvantages. B．Difficulties. C．Effects. D．Benefits. 18．What does the example in Paragraph 2 prove? A．Social media improve social relationship. B．Old school friends value their friendship. C．People in different areas seldom keep in touch. D．It is easier to find jobs through social media. 19．What is the author's attitude towards social media? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Unclear. 20．What does the author suggest? A．Laughing out loudly in real life. B．Controlling the time of using social media. C．Getting rid of social media entirely. D．Connecting the world through social media. 【答案】17．A 18．A 19．B 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了使用社交媒体的优点和缺点，并且作者建议要控制使用社交媒体的时间。 17．词义猜测题。根据上文“Yet, many of us feel a need to use social media because it offers something we cannot find elsewhere (然而，我们中的许多人觉得有必要使用社交媒体，因为它提供了我们在其他地方找不到的东西)”和划线词中的“despite”可知上下文是转折关系，所以下文意思是“尽管知道它的缺点”，故猜测downsides意为“缺点”，和Disadvantages同义，故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据第二段“An argument for social media claims it can contribute to social bonds (纽带) by promoting relationships with people in different areas. For example, social media has helped old school friends to get back in touch after many years without contact. Moreover, people find jobs now through social media or research information for their studies. These are real benefits of using social media. Additionally, social media bridges cultural divides, enabling people to connect and understand diverse perspectives, further strengthening social cohesion. (支持社交媒体的一种观点认为，它可以通过促进与不同领域的人的关系来促进社会纽带。例如，社交媒体帮助多年没有联系的老同学重新取得联系。此外，人们现在通过社交媒体或研究信息来找工作。这些都是使用社交媒体的真正好处。此外，社交媒体弥合了文化鸿沟，使人们能够联系和理解不同的观点，进一步加强了社会凝聚力。)”由此推知本段举例子是为了证明社交媒体改善社会关系。故选A。 19．推理判断题。根据第三段“Personally, the disadvantages of social media outweigh the benefits. (就我个人而言，社交媒体的缺点大于优点。)”由此可推知作者对社交媒体的态度是消极的，故选B。 20．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ideally, we should have enough self-control to be able to limit our use of social media, enjoying the benefits it can bring. I think we should aim to do this, although it is not an easy job in today's connected world where so many people live their lives online. (理想情况下，我们应该有足够的自制力来限制我们对社交媒体的使用，享受它带来的好处。我认为我们应该以做到这一点为目标，尽管在当今这个许多人都在网上生活的互联世界里，这不是一件容易的事。)”可知作者建议要控制使用社交媒体的时间。故选B。 Passage 6 （2023-2024学年高一下·福建南平·期末）Parents who force their children to have piano lessons are keeping them away from classical music, Lang Lang, a world-leading pianist, has suggested. The Chinese musician stresses that children who are forced into piano lessons can end up shunning music. Lang Lang has launched an initiative (倡议) through his foundation (基金会) to put piano lessons into primary school schedules, so they are not just an after-school activity for the rich. The lessons, designed by professionals, can be taught by any teacher and the foundation has donated dozens of digital pianos to schools. The initiative uses tablets (平板电脑) and keyboards to get children playing right away, from Beethoven to Mozart. Lang, who became famous in his mid-twenties, expressed his strong disagreement with the parents who forced children to have piano lessons because“the neighbour’s kid does”. He said: “Those parents don’t even know what music is. They get their kids to play without knowing what they are going to listen for. ” Lang said children had to be educated about classical music to truly enjoy it. “You really need to have a good childhood education in music. Take the reading of Shakespeare as an example. If you don’t learn Shakespeare in schools, you are less likely to pick it up later. ” The school initiative, Keys of Inspiration, is running in 100 schools in America and 110 in China. And the UK programme has started in four primary schools in London. The initiative was created partly because arts education had been forced out in schools. Lang added:“When I came toAmerica, the first day I realized few students in the high school knew Mozart. In the regular schools they just simply don’t have art and culture. ” 21．What does the underlined word“shunning”in paragraph l mean? A．Avoiding. B．Appreciating. C．Making. D．Performing. 22．Why did Lang Lang launch the initiative? A．To design piano lessons for teachers. B．To present pianos to primary schools. C．To make his foundation more famous. D．To give more kids access to piano lessons. 23．How did Lang Lang stress the importance of a good childhood music education? A．By telling a story. B．By making a comparison. C．By giving an example. D．By using an expert’s words. 24．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Art lessons are fully valued in schools. B．Music schools have been started worldwide. C．The lack of arts education is a global problem. D．Most Americans know nothing about Mozart. 【答案】21．A 22．D 23．C 24．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了钢琴家郎朗提出父母强迫孩子上钢琴课会使他们远离古典音乐，他通过自己的基金会向学校捐赠钢琴，推广钢琴课程进入小学课程体系，让更多的孩子享受音乐的乐趣。 21．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“The Chinese musician stresses that children who are forced into piano lessons can end up …music.(这位中国音乐家强调，被迫上钢琴课的孩子最终可能会……音乐)”可知，文章提到了强迫孩子上钢琴课可能导致他们最终不喜欢音乐，可以推断出“shunning”在此处的意思应该是“避免”。故选A项。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Lang Lang has launched an initiative (倡议) through his foundation (基金会) to put piano lessons into primary school schedules, so they are not just an after-school activity for the rich.(郎朗通过他的基金会发起了一项倡议，将钢琴课纳入小学课程表，这样它们就不只是富人的课外活动)”可以得出，郎朗发起这项倡议的目的是为了让更多的孩子有机会接触到钢琴课，而不只是作为富人的课外活动。故选D项。 23．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“You really need to have a good childhood education in music. Take the reading of Shakespeare as an example. If you don’t learn Shakespeare in schools, you are less likely to pick it up later.(你真的需要在音乐方面接受良好的童年教育。以阅读莎士比亚为例。如果你在学校没有学习莎士比亚，以后就不太可能再学)”可以看出，郎朗通过举例说明了如果在童年时期没有接受良好的音乐教育，长大后可能就无法真正欣赏音乐，就像没有在学校学习莎士比亚，以后就不太可能再去阅读一样。因此，他是通过给出例子来强调良好童年音乐教育的重要性。故选C项。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The initiative was created partly because arts education had been forced out in schools. Lang added:“When I came to America, the first day I realized few students in the high school knew Mozart. In the regular schools they just simply don’t have art and culture.”(这项倡议部分是因为学校中的艺术教育被边缘化了。郎朗补充道：“当我来到美国时，第一天我就意识到高中里几乎没有学生认识莫扎特。在普通的学校里，他们根本就没有艺术和文化)”可以推断出，艺术教育在全球范围内的学校中都受到了忽视，这是一个全球性的问题。故选C项。 Passage 7 （2023-2024学年高一上·福建厦门·期末）“FIND YOUR PASSION (热爱)! ”  This inspiring instruction suggests it’s important to discover what truly excites us in life. But is it good advice? Science tells us that passions are developed. They can be raised through curiosity and repeated practices. Our first interest can be developed into a true passion with positive experiences. But “finding” a passion means that it already exists and is waiting to be discovered. This misunderstanding can hold people back. Fortunately, our latest research shows there are ways to encourage a more open outlook about it. To study these ideas, we use a framework of “fixed” and “growth” mindsets: fixed mindset sees interests as unchangeable, while a growth mindset views interests and passions as developed. A growth mindset of interest comes with many advantages, while a fixed mindset may discourage exploration. In one study, after we excited participants’(参与者的) interest in a topic of black holes with an easy-to-understand video, people with a fixed mindset came to dislike the topic when faced with a technical article. Those with a growth mindset kept their new-found interest despite the difficulty. So can a growth mindset of interest be taught? We published findings with 700 liberal arts undergraduates, most of whom held limited interest in math and science. We offered students either our intervention (干预) or a study skills module. The intervention included reading and reflective writing activities that helped students think about interests and passions as developed rather than found and fixed. For example, students wrote a paragraph about a case when they developed interest in a new activity. The study skills module, meanwhile, stressed practices such as time management. By the end of the school year, the students who had received the intervention were more interested in their required math and science courses——and earned better grades in those courses—than their study skills peers. While our intervention offers a way for schools to support their students, we also believe people can independently build up a growth mindset of interest. Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found.” Take an active role in developing them. 25．What does “this misunderstanding” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Passions can be developed with more practices. B．Interest is of great help to build up confidence. C．Passions are fixed and wait to be uncovered. D．Interest can be discouraged by repeated work. 26．Why does the author mention the “black holes” study? A．To make a prediction. B．To show the difference. C．To protest a decision. D．To explain the rule. 27．What can we learn about the study from paragraph 4? A．Students were grouped based on types of mindset. B．Reflective writings helped students build up interest. C．Study skills were used to reduce students’ stress. D．Better grades contributed to one’s favour to a subject. 28．Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A．Love what you do, and you’ll keep going and become better. B．Find what you love, and you’ll never have to work a day. C．It can always be easy and exciting to dig into new areas. D．It is much better to get lost in the passion than to lose it. 【答案】25．C 26．B 27．B 28．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了“找到你的热爱”这一流行观念，并指出激情并非与生俱来、等待被发现的，而是可以通过好奇心、重复实践以及积极的体验逐步培养和发展的。 25．词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词上文“But “finding” a passion means that it already exists and is waiting to be discovered.( 然而，“找到”激情意味着它已经存在并等待被发现)”可推理出，划线词指的是上文说的“激情是固定的，等待被发现”，故选C项。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段“In one study, after we excited participants’(参与者的)interest in a topic of black holes with an easy-to-understand video, people with a fixed mindset came to  dislike the topic when faced with a technical article. Those with a growth mindset kept their new-found interest despite the difficulty.( 在一项研究中，当我们在一个易于理解的视频中激发参与者对黑洞主题的兴趣后，面对一篇技术文章时，具有固定心态的人开始不喜欢这个话题。而具有成长心态的人即使面临困难，也保持了他们新发现的兴趣)”可知，作者提到对黑洞的研究，其目的是为了对具有固定心态的人和具有成长心态的人进行对比，展示差异，故选B项。27．推理判断题，根据第四段的“We ofered students either our intervention(干预)or a study skills module.The intervention included reading and reflective writing activities that helped students think about interests and passions as developed rathe than found and fired.(我们为学生提供干预或学习技巧模块。干预包括阅读和反思性写作活动，帮助学牛思考兴趣和激情是发 恶而不是发现和固定的。)”以及“By the end of the school year, the students who had received the intervention were more interested in their required math and science courses——and earned better grades in those courses—than their study skills peers(到学年结束时,接受干预的学生对他们的必修数学和科学课程更感兴趣,并且在这些课程中取得了更好的成绩。)”可知本 段表明反思性写作帮助学生建立兴趣，故选B项。 28．推理判断题。根据第二段“Science tells us that passions are developed. They can be raised through curiosity and repeated practices.(科学告诉我们，激情是可以培养和发展的。它们可以通过好奇心和重复实践得以提升)”、倒数第二段“By the end of the school year, the students who had received the intervention were more interested in their required math and science courses——and earned better grades in those courses—than their study skills peers.( 到学年结束时，接受干预的学生比接受学习技能指导的同学在必修的数学和科学课程上表现出了更大的兴趣，并且在这些课程中取得了更好的成绩。)”以及最后一段“While our intervention offers a way for schools to support their students, we also believe people can independently build up a growth mindset of interest. Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found.” Take an active role in developing them(虽然我们的干预措施为学校支持学生提供了一种途径，但我们同样认为，人们也可以独立地建立起对兴趣的成长心态。认识到激情不是等待被“发现”的，而是要主动去培养和发展它们。)”可知，作者认为激情是可以培养和发展的，人们也可以独立地建立起对兴趣的成长心态，并主动去培养和发展它们，A项“Love what you do, and you’ll keep going and become better(热爱你所做的，你将保持前进并变得更好)”表达的含义与作者的观点一致，故选A项。 Passage 8 （2023-2024学年高一下·江西·期末）Where is “space” exactly? This may seem like a simple question, but the answer may be more difficult than you think. Nowadays, most countries are generally in agreement that space begins when Earth’s atmosphere ends. But no one can tell where atmosphere actually ends and outer space begins. This leaves the door open for a variety of explanations until the Karman Line was recognized by international laws. The so-called Karman Line is an imaginary line 100 kilometers above Earth’s surface. Once this line is crossed, the air is too thin and traditional planes would need to reach the speed of 30,564 kilometers per hour or risk falling back to Earth. According to the international laws, once pilots and aircraft cross that line, they are recognized as astronauts and spacecraft and are free to conduct space operations without concern for international borders (边境). In the early age of space exploration, the US defined space differently and insisted that space start 19.3 kilometers below the Karman Line, since the US was confident that it would lead and remain to be the leader in the traditional aircraft industry. Well aware that the US wanted to operate advanced spying (侦查) aircraft safely, many developing countries opposed the idea and sought to establish much higher space limits — 965.6 kilometers above Earth’s surface. This space limit makes things a bit difficult for every country, though. At that height, even the International Space Station and Tiangong Space Station (orbiting between 320 to 435 kilometers up), and many satellites (orbiting 869 kilometers up) would not be considered spacecraft! In recent years, the US has been trying to determine a “safer border of space”. In 2009, it suggested that the border of space begin at l18 kilometers above Earth’s surface. What was its argument this time? It said that many breakthroughs have been made in space and spying technologies by other countries! 29．What is correct about the Kármán Line according to the international laws? A．It is unsafe for some countries. B．Traditional planes should not cross it. C．Pilots can fly freely above it. D．It is the highest line pilots can reach. 30．Many less developed countries suggested that space begin at_______. A．965.6 kilometers above Earth’s surface B．118 kilometers above Earth’s surface C．100 kilometers above Earth’s surface D．90.7 kilometers above Earth’s surface 31．What does the author most probably think of the US’ suggestions? A．Smart. B．Unfair. C．Scientific. D．Uncreative. 32．What is the best title for the text? A．Where Does Space Begin Exactly? B．How High Should the Karman Line Be? C．How Can We Protect Our National Borders? D．Why Does the US Want to Change the Karman Line? 【答案】29．C 30．A 31．B 32．A 【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了太空的起点在哪里的问题。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“According to the international laws, once pilots and aircraft cross that line, they are recognized as astronauts and spacecraft and are free to conduct space operations without concern for international borders (边境).(根据国际法，一旦飞行员和飞机跨过了这条线，它们就被看做是宇航员或者宇宙飞船，能自由地进行太空操作，而不用担心国际边界的问题。)”可知，根据国际法律，飞机一旦跨越了卡门线，就不用受国际边界的约束，能自由地飞行，故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Well aware that the US wanted to operate advanced spying(侦查) aircraft safely, many developing countries opposed the idea and sought to establish much higher space limits—965.6 kilometers above Earth’s surface.(知道美国想要安全地操控先进的侦察飞船，因此很多发展中国家反对这一想法，并寻求建立更高的太空限制——在地球表面以上965.6千米处。)”可知，许多欠发达国家建议太空从地球表面以上965.6公里开始，故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In recent years, the US has been trying to determine a “safer border of space”. In 2009, it suggested that the border of space begin at l18 kilometers above Earth’s surface. What was its argument this time? It said that many breakthroughs have been made in space and spying technologies by other countries!(近年来，美国一直在试图确定一个“更安全的太空边界”。2009年，它提出太空边界始于地球表面以上118公里处。这次它的论点是什么？它说其他国家在太空和间谍技术方面取得了许多突破！)”可知，美国因为认为其他国家在太空和间谍技术方面取得了许多突破，因此提出太空边界应始于地球表面以上118公里处，这只是为了它自己的利益出发，故可推知，作者认为美国的建议是不公平的，故选B。 32．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Where is “space” exactly? This may seem like a simple question, but the answer may be more difficult than you think.(太空到底从哪里开始？这似乎是第一个简单的问题，但答案却比你想象中难得多。)”可知，文章在第一段提出关于太空的起点在哪里的问题，后文分别介绍了不同的国家有不同的看法。由此可知，A项“太空到底从哪里开始？”为文章的最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 9 （2023-2024学年高一下·江西上饶·期末）When I interview the students for admission to my institution, Pitzer College, I usually ask them the same question, “What do you look forward to the most in the university?”. I was surprised and delighted recently when a student sat across from and replied, “I look forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when sitting before the person who can make decision about their academic futures, but this young man took a risk. “You see, my parents have never let me fail,” he said. “When I want to take a chance at something, they remind me it’s not a safe route to take. Taking a more rigorous course or trying an activity І may not succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at college admission.” Kids all over the world admit they are under heavy pressure to be perfect. So students are usually in shock when I tell them I never expect perfection. How could a dean (院长) of admission at one of America’s most selective institutions not want the best and the brightest ? The reality is(that)perfection doesn’t exist. I’ve spent enough time in high schools to know teenagers will never be perfect. They do silly things, mess up, fall down, and lack confidence. The lessons of failure can’t be taught in a classroom; they are experienced and reflected upon. During my weekend of interviews, another student told me, “I’m ashamed to admit I failed English, but I decided to take it again and got a B-plus. I’ m now taking English lessons, and even though I don’t love it, I’m glad I pushed through!” I asked him what he learned from the experience. “I learned to let go of shame,” he said. “I realized that I can’t let a grade define my success. I also learned that if you want anything bad enough, you can achieve it.” I smiled as I wrote his words down on the application-review form. This kid will thrive on my campus. Not only will the college teachers love him, but he has the skills he needs to adjust to the life in a college. Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college. 33．What can we learn from the student mentioned in paragraph 3? A．Teachers can help students to admit failure. B．Parents define their children’s success by grades. C．Young people spend enough time letting go of shame. D．Teenagers get lessons of failure through experiences. 34．Which of the following statements may the author disagree with? A．To make error is human and nobody can achieve perfection. B．Pursuing perfection puts too much pressure on kids. C．A student should keep pushing for what he wants and try to avoid failure. D．Failure is viewed as an unavoidable but valuable learning opportunity. 35．Why did the author smile as he wrote the student’s words down? A．Because the college teachers would love the student for his perfection. B．Because he succeeded in recommending the student to enter the college. C．Because the student realized his dream of being a perfect person. D．Because he thought the student would have a promising future. 36．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Learn to Fail B．Live to Learn C．Try to Succeed D．Decide to Experience 【答案】33．D 34．C 35．D 36．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了完美主义对学生成长的影响以及失败在教育中的重要性。 33．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The lessons of failure can’t be taught in a classroom; they are experienced and reflected upon. During my weekend of interviews, another student told me, “I’m ashamed to admit I failed English, but I decided to take it again and got a B-plus. I’ m now taking English lessons, and even though I don’t love it, I’m glad I pushed through!” I asked him what he learned from the experience. “I learned to let go of shame,” he said. “I realized that I can’t let a grade define my success. I also learned that if you want anything bad enough, you can achieve it.”(失败的教训不能在教室里教授；他们经历和反思。在我周末的面试中，另一个学生告诉我：“我很惭愧地承认我英语不及格，但我决定再考一次，并得了B +。我现在正在上英语课，尽管我不喜欢，但我很高兴我坚持了下来！”我问他从这次经历中学到了什么。“我学会了放下羞耻，”他说。“我意识到我不能让一个分数来定义我的成功。我还学到了，如果你足够想要什么，你就能实现。”)”可知，作者在第三段中举的这个例子说明了青少年通过自己失败的经历获得了宝贵的教训，关于坚持不懈、自我接纳以及不让成绩定义自己价值的教训。重点是通过实际经历失败获得的教训，而不仅仅是在课堂上被告知这些教训。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“So students are usually in shock when I tell them I never expect perfection.(因此，当我告诉学生们我从不期望完美时，他们通常会感到震惊。)”、最后一段“Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming and moving on. Let's allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college.(失败是成长、学习、克服和继续前进的过程。让我们允许年轻人失败。他们不仅会学到一些东西，甚至可能会进入大学。)”以及全文内容可知，在整篇文章中，作者都强调了失败作为学习机会的重要性，并鼓励学生去接受它，而不是避免它。作者通过举例说明了学生从失败中获得了宝贵的教训，并因此成长。相比之下，C选项中的说法“A student should keep pushing for what he wants and try to avoid failure.(学生应该坚持追求自己想要的东西，并尽量避免失败)”与作者的观点相悖，因为作者认为失败是学习过程中的一个不可避免的部分，学生应该学会接受并从中学习。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I smiled as I wrote his words down on the application-review form. This kid will thrive on my campus. Not only will the college teachers love him, but he has the skills he needs to adjust to the life in a college.(我微笑着把他的话写在申请审查表上。这孩子会在我的校园里茁壮成长。不仅大学老师会爱他，而且他有适应大学生活所需的技能。)”可知，作者之所以在写下学生的话时微笑，是因为作者被学生从失败中学习并坚持不懈的能力所打动。学生认识到成绩并不能定义成功，并克服了与失败相关的羞耻感，这展现了他的成熟和韧性。这些品质表明他是一个能够成长并在未来取得成功的学生。作者的微笑反映了他对学生的潜力的信心，以及他对学生的未来前景的乐观态度。故选D。 36．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college.(失败是成长、学习、克服和继续前进的过程。让我们允许年轻人失败。他们不仅会学到一些东西，甚至可能会进入大学。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了将失败视为学习机会的重要性，而不是去避免它。作者举了学生从失败中学习并获得宝贵经验的例子，并因此成长。选项A“Learn to Fail(学会失败)”准确地概括了文章的主要信息，即失败是学习过程中的一个自然且必要的部分，学生应该学会接受并从中学习。故选A。 Passage 10 （2023-2024学年高一上·云南玉溪·期末）Everybody likes to laugh sometimes, whether at a funny joke, an amusing incident or a humorous photograph or sound. The great thing is that once we’ve had a good laugh, we feel happier. It would seem therefore, that bringing a bit of humour into more serious situations might be good for us. Places like a humourless office or a tense classroom could sometimes need a good dose of laughter. I know that in my workplace, a bit of hilarity can go a long way towards making it a more enjoyable place to spend eight or so hours a day. Seeing the funny side of things can certainly lift our spirits and that in turn can make us feel better about what we’re doing. Maybe we should get inspiration from Steve Carlisle, president of General Motors of Canada. When he walks around the firm’s Ontario headquarters he shares his sense of humour to bond (与……建立密切联系) with his staff. He says, “It can help people feel more relaxed, more comfortable and thus be more effective at what they do.” Humour can be used by teachers in the classroom too. It’s a good way to break the ice with students and create a more relaxing atmosphere which is good for learning. But we have to be careful; not everyone laughs at the same things. While some of us may admire a work colleague or fellow student for their clever and well-told joke, others may consider them sarcastic (讽刺的), offensive or just an idiot! According to Professor Schweitzer, from the University of Philadelphia’s Wharton School, a worker or boss who successfully uses humour is seen as both confident and competent, which in turn increases his or her status. He says, “Being funny is taking a risk, and being risky shows confidence.” 37．What does the underlined word “hilarity” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Humour. B．Horror. C．Stress. D．Time-off. 38．What can we infer from the passage? A．Bad jokes can have positive effects. B．People are always admired for their jokes. C．Humour can help employees get more effective. D．Seriousness can have a bad impact on your health. 39．What do we know about Steve Carlisle? A．He likes telling jokes to his employees. B．He uses his humour to break ice with students. C．He often leaves his office to watch over his staff. D．He considers humour a reflection of confidence and competence. 40．In which column will you probably find the text in a magazine? A．History. B．Lifestyle. C．Travel. D．Sport. 【答案】37．A 38．C 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过举例阐述了幽默对于学习和工作的好处，同时辩证地提到了不合适的幽默的反面作用。 37．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“It would seem therefore, that bringing a bit of humour into more serious situations might be good for us.(因此，在更严肃的场合中加入一点幽默似乎对我们有好处)”；第二段“Places like a humourless office or a tense classroom could sometimes need a good dose of laughter.(像毫无幽默感的办公室或紧张的教室这样的地方，有时需要一点笑声)”以及划线词后文“can go a long way towards making it a more enjoyable place to spend eight or so hours a day”可知，对于严肃的办公室或者紧张的教室之类的地方，有时一剂笑声就会带来大不同，所以在上班的地方，一点点幽默就能让这个每天工作八小时的场所变得更愉快。故划线词意思是“幽默”。故选 A。 38．推理判断题。根据第三段“When he walks around the firm’s Ontario headquarters he shares his sense of humour to bond (与……建立密切联系) with his staff. He says, “It can help people feel more relaxed, more comfortable and thus be more effective at what they do.”(当他在公司位于安大略省的总部走动时，他会分享自己的幽默感，与员工建立联系。他说：“它可以帮助人们感到更放松，更舒适，从而更有效地工作。”)”可知，幽默能帮助员工在工作中更高效。故选 C。 39．推理判断题。根据第三段“When he walks around the firm’s Ontario headquarters he shares his sense of humour to bond (与……建立密切联系) with his staff.(当他在公司位于安大略省的总部走动时，他会分享自己的幽默感，与员工建立联系)”可知，Steve Carlisle 喜欢给员工讲笑话。故选 A。 40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Everybody likes to laugh sometimes, whether at a funny joke, an amusing incident or a humorous photograph or sound. The great thing is that once we’ve had a good laugh, we feel happier. It would seem therefore, that bringing a bit of humour into more serious situations might be good for us.(每个人有时都喜欢笑，无论是一个有趣的笑话，一个有趣的事件或一个幽默的照片或声音。最棒的是，一旦我们开怀大笑，我们会感到更快乐。因此，在更严肃的场合中加入一点幽默似乎对我们有好处)”结合本文是谈论幽默的议论文，推测来源于杂志里的生活方式板块。故选 B。 Passage 11 （2023-2024学年 高一下·湖北武汉·期末）When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese, etc.” But this kind of response misses the point. More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do! Every person speaks a dialect, too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not？” (meaning “Have you eaten？”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well­formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different? We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. 41．What does the author think of his/her friends’ response in paragraph 1? A．It reflects their self confidence. B．It misses the real meaning of accents. C．It misses the point of communication. D．It reflects their language levels. 42．Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English? A．To correct a grammatical mistake. B．To show the diversity of dialects. C．To justify the use of dialects. D．To highlight a traditional approach. 43．What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph? A．Seek for an official definition of accents. B．Learn to speak with your local dialect. C．Appreciate the value of accents and dialects. D．Distinguish our local languages from others’. 44．What can be a suitable title for this passage? A．Standard English Is at Risk B．Accents Enhance Our Identities C．Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding D．Everyone Has an Accent 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．C 44．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“口音和方言”这一主题，阐述对口音和方言的狭隘观念需要被超越，并强调语言差异对于了解人们文化经历和背景的重要性。 41．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese, etc.” But this kind of response misses the point.(当我向一些朋友提到我们每个人都有口音时，他们中的大多数都自豪地回答说：“嗯，我的英语/中文等说得很标准。”但这种回答并没有抓住要点”。)”可知，作者认为朋友们的回答并没有理解他提到的“口音”的真正含义，即口音是每个人都有的，而不是只有非标准语言使用者才有。故选B。 42．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Every person speaks a dialect, too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance, “You got eat or not？” (meaning “Have you eaten？”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is wellformed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different?(每个人也都说一种方言。在语言研究领域，方言是一种语言变体，以其结构、短语和词汇的变化为特征。例如，“You got eat or not？”（意思是“你吃饭了吗？”）在新加坡英语口语中是一个可接受且能被理解的问题。这个表达会让标准美式英语的说话者感到困惑，但这并不意味着新加坡英语口语是“错误的”或“不符合语法的”。根据新加坡英语母语者坚实的语法体系，这个句子结构完整，表达清晰。为什么仅仅因为它不同就说是错误的呢？)”可知，作者举了新加坡英语口语的例子是为了证明方言使用的合理性，因为方言只是语言的一种变体，有其独特的结构和表达方式，不能仅因为其不同于标准语言就认为是错误的。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects—for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.(我们需要超越对口音和方言的狭隘观念——这对每个人都有好处。这样的语言差异提供了了解人们文化经历和背景的机会。在全球化的时代，一个人的说话方式是其身份的独特组成部分。大多数人都很乐意谈论自己言语背后的文化。我们将更多地了解我们所生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友”。)”可知，作者建议我们要超越对口音和方言的狭隘观念，欣赏口音和方言的价值，因为它们提供了了解人们文化经历和背景的机会。故选C。 44．主旨大意题。文章第一段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese, etc.” But this kind of response misses the point.(当我向一些朋友提到我们每个人都有口音时，他们中的大多数都自豪地回答说：“嗯，我的英语/中文等说得很标准。”但这种回答并没有抓住要点”。)”引出本文主题，即每个人都有口音，文章接着详细论述了口音和方言的多样性、存在的合理性以及欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选D。 Passage 12 （2023-2024学年高一下·湖北咸宁·期末）I ask every student I interview for admission to my institution, Pitzer College, the same question, “What do you look forward to the most in college?” I was amazed and delighted recently when a student sat across from me at a Starbucks in New York City and replied, “I look forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when sitting before the person who can make decisions about their academic futures, but this young man took a risk. “You see, my parents have never let me fail,“ he said. “When I want to take a chance at something, they remind me it’s not a safe route to take. Taking a more demanding (要求高的) course or trying an activity I may not succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at college admission. Even the sacrifice of staying up late to do something unrelated to school, they see as a risk to my academic work and college success.” These days, finding imperfections in a college application is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Students try their best to hide factors they regard as negative and only tell us things they believe we will find impressive. This is supported by a secondary school culture where teachers are under pressure to give students nothing less than an A, and are told not to report disciplinary infractions (违纪) to colleges. Education agents in other countries are known to falsify student transcripts (成绩单), assuming that outstanding grades are the ticket to admission. I’ve spent enough time in high schools to know teenagers will never be perfect. They do silly things, mess up, fall down, and lack confidence. The ability to bounce (回弹) back is an essential life skill students have to learn on their own. The lessons of failure can’t be taught in a classroom; they are experienced and reflected upon. Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming, and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college. 45．What can you infer about students in the author’s interviews? A．They usually try all out to display their strengths. B．They usually express a desire to experience failure. C．They usually take a risk so as to get admitted into college. D．They usually complain about their parents’ control over them. 46．What can you learn from paragraph 3? A．Students should make their college applications perfect. B．Secondary school teachers don’t like to give students A． C．Secondary schools tend to help cover students’ imperfections. D．Outstanding scores will certainly ensure you a place in a college. 47．According to the author, what quality may be expected from students by college professors? A．The ability to learn outside class. B．The ability to deal with failure. C．The ability to be always confident. D．The ability to learn on their own. 48．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Teenagers are far from being perfect. C．If you want to get into college, learn to fail. D．If you want to impress interviewers, take a risk. 【答案】45．A 46．C 47．B 48．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过个人的面试经历引出了一个关于教育理念的讨论，特别是关于青少年面对失败的态度以及当前教育系统如何处理学生失败的问题。 45．推理判断题。由文章第一段“I ask every student I interview for admission to my institution, Pitzer College, the same question,“ What do you look forward to the most in college?” I was amazed and delighted recently when a student sat across from me at a Starbucks in New York City and replied, “I look forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when sitting before the person who can make decisions about their academic futures, but this young man took a risk. (我在Pitzer College面试每一个学生时都会问同样的问题：“你在大学里最期待什么？”最近，在纽约的一家星巴克，一个学生坐在我对面回答我：“我期待着失败的可能性。”这让我既惊讶又高兴。当然，大多数学生坐在能决定他们学术前途的人面前时，并不是这样回答这个问题的，但这个年轻人冒了一个险)”和文章第三段中的“These days, finding imperfections in a college application is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Students try their best to hide factors they regard as negative and only tell us things they believe we will find impressive. (如今，在大学申请中寻找缺陷就像大海捞针一样困难。学生们尽力隐藏他们认为消极的因素，只告诉我们他们认为会给我们留下深刻印象的事情)”可知，学生们在面试中通常会尽力展示他们的优点，隐藏他们认为负面的因素。故选A。 46．推理判断题。由文章第三段“These days, finding imperfections in a college application is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Students try their best to hide factors they regard as negative and only tell us things they believe we will find impressive. This is supported by a secondary school culture where teachers are under pressure to give students nothing less than an A, and are told not to report disciplinary infractions (违纪) to colleges. Education agents in other countries are known to falsify student transcripts (成绩单), assuming that outstanding grades are the ticket to admission. (如今，在大学申请中寻找缺陷就像大海捞针一样困难。学生们尽力隐藏他们认为消极的因素，只告诉我们他们认为会给我们留下深刻印象的事情。这一观点得到了中学文化的支持，在中学文化中，老师们承受着给学生不低于A的压力，并被告知不要向大学报告违纪行为。众所周知，其他国家的教育中介伪造学生成绩单，认为优秀的成绩是进入大学的入场券)”可知，第三段主要说明了当前中学文化中存在的问题，即教师受到压力给予学生高分，且不向大学报告学生的纪律违规行为，以及国外教育中介篡改学生成绩单的情况。由此推知，这反映了中学倾向于掩盖学生的不完美之处。故选C。 47．细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“The ability to bounce (回弹) back is an essential life skill students have to learn on their own. The lessons of failure can’t be taught in a classroom; they are experienced and reflected upon. (重新振作起来的能力是学生们必须自学的一项基本生活技能。失败的教训不能在教室里教授；他们经历和反思)”可知，作者认为处理失败的能力是一个学生需要自己学习的重要生活技能。故选B。 48．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中的“I was amazed and delighted recently when a student sat across from me at a Starbucks in New York City and replied,“Ilook forward to the possibility of failure.” Of course, this is not how most students respond to the question when sitting before the person who can make decisions about their academic futures, but this young man took a risk. (最近，在纽约的一家星巴克，一个学生坐在我对面回答我：“我期待着失败的可能性。”这让我既惊讶又高兴。当然，大多数学生坐在能决定他们学术前途的人面前时，并不是这样回答这个问题的，但这个年轻人冒了一个险)”和最后一段“Failure is about growth, learning, overcoming, and moving on. Let’s allow young people to fail. Not only will they learn something, it might even get them into college. (失败是成长、学习、克服和继续前进的过程。让我们允许年轻人失败。他们不仅会学到一些东西，甚至可能会进入大学)”可知，整篇文章通过一个学生期待在大学里体验失败的例子，引出当前教育体系下学生被过度保护，缺乏面对和处理失败的机会的问题，并强调了失败对于个人成长和学习的重要性，最终呼吁应允许年轻人经历失败。由此可知，选项C“If you want to get into college, learn to fail. (如果你想上大学，就要学会面对失败)” 最能概括文章的主旨。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 37 / 40 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$