专题04 被动语态-【暑假自学课】2025年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（冀教版）

专题04 被动语态 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+常考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 中考考点聚焦 题型 考察形式 题量/分值 示例 考察重点 单项选择 选择正确的被动语态结构 1-2题（1分/题） "The bridge ______ last year." A. built B. was built 被动语态构成及时态（一般过去时） 完形填空 根据语境补全被动语态 1题（1分） "The problem ______ by scientists." （选项含被动形式） 语境中被动语态的合理使用 阅读理解 理解含被动语态的句子（非直接考察） 间接涉及 文中出现："The rules were made to protect students." 被动语态在长难句中的理解 词语运用 用所给词的正确形式填空（含被动） 1题（1分） 提供动词"invite"，要求填"was invited" 动词变形及时态搭配（如一般过去时） 连词成句 重组含被动语态的句子 1题（1分） 给出单词：built, in 2020, the park, was 结构重组能力（The park was built in 2020.） 书面表达 在写作中合理使用被动语态 隐性加分项 建议句式："More trees should be planted." 被动语态在建议、说明类文体中的应用 说明： 考察频率：被动语态在河北中考中占比约5%-8%，集中于单项选择、完形填空和词语运用题。 重点时态：以一般现在时、一般过去时为主，偶见含情态动词的被动语态（如can be done）。 备考建议：需掌握被动语态结构（be + 过去分词）、时态变化及与主动语态的转换。 ( 考点一 被动语态的构成 被动语态的构成 形容词的基本用法 ) 语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句,谓语动词为被动语态的句子叫被动句。同一件事情往往可以通过主动句或被动句来表达,侧重点虽有所不同,但意思基本相同。一般说来,主动语态侧重于行为者,被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。 被动语态的基本结构是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。与主动语态一样,被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下(以动词do为例): 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+done 一般过去时 did was/were+done 一般将来时 will/shall+do或be(am/is/are) going to+do will/shall be+done或be(am/is/are) going to be+done 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been+done 含情态动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done (1)带双宾语的主动语态改为用其直接宾语(物)作主语的被动语态时,间接宾语(人)前必须加介词to或for。 My father bought me a computer. →A computer was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一台电脑。 注意：间接宾语前带to的动词有:bring, give, send, show, pass, take, lend, post, teach, write, throw, hand等。间接宾语前带for的动词有:buy, cook, find, set, make, save等。 (2)有些感官动词和使役动词(hear, see, watch, notice, make, have等)在主动语态中作谓语时,其宾语补足语后的动词不定式省略to,但变成被动语态时,必须将to还原。 The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. →The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.老板让工人们一天工作12个小时。 1．（2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题）Many traffic accidents ________ by careless driving. A．are causing B．are caused C．have caused 【答案】B 【解析】句意：许多交通事故是由粗心驾驶造成的。 考查被动语态。根据“by careless driving”可知，空格处应用被动语态，即交通事故应是被造成，句子陈述一般事实，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为“Many traffic accidents”，故be动词应用are，动词cause用过去分词形式，故此处应用are caused。故选B。 2．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene. A．harvests B．harvested C．is harvested D．was harvested 【答案】D 【解析】句意：上个月，高淳区小麦顺利收获4.5万亩，形成了一片繁忙的收获景象。 考查被动语态。根据“last month”可知，此句是一般过去时，主语“45,000 mu of wheat”与动词harvest之间是被动关系，此处用一般过去时被动语态，故选D。 3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——下周我们学校大礼堂将举办一场时装秀。——太棒了！我很期待。 考查时态和语态。主语A fashion show和谓语hold之间是被动关系，根据“next week”可知此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选D。 4．（2023·四川泸州·中考真题）The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (CIADE) ________ in Luzhou from April 13th to April 16th, 2023. A．was held B．is held C．will be held D．has been held 【答案】D 【解析】句意：第十八届中国国际酒类博览会于2023年4月13日至4月16日在泸州举行。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (CIADE) … in Luzhou from April 13th to April 16th, 2023.”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，表示一段时间内的状态，主语和动词hold之间为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态“has/have been done”。故选D。 5．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. —OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now. A．clean B．be cleaned C．is cleaned 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——鲍勃，你的房间太脏了。必须每天清扫一下。——好的。妈妈，我现在就去。 考查含情态动词的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态be done，must后用动词原形，故选B。 ( 考点二 被动语态的用法 ) 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种植水稻。 2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者,而不是强调动作的执行者。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人讲汉语。 3.动作的发出者是某个事物。 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 在洪水中许多房子被冲走了。 4.固定句型中常用的被动语态。 如:It’s said that…(据说……), It’s reported that…(据报道……), It’s well-known that…(众所周知……)等。 1．（2019·湖南长沙·中考真题）Life is like a story. What matters is not how long it is but______. A．how good it is B．how good is it C．what good it is 【答案】A 【解析】句意：生活就像一个故事。重要的不是它有多长，而是它有多好。is后跟表语从句，从句要用陈述句的语序，排除B；how+形容词或副词，what+（形容词）+名词，good为形容词形式，故答案为A。 2．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Hanfu lovers ________ walking down the street in many cities. —Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture. A．can be found B．can find C．must be found D．must find 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——在许多城市的大街上都能找到汉服爱好者。——嗯，穿汉服有助于了解中国文化。 考查被动语态。can能够；must必须。“Hanfu lovers”与find是被动关系，所以此处用被动语态，排除B和D选项。此处表示能在大街上找到汉服爱好者，故选A。 3．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）— Why do the elephants in Thailand have to ________? — Because humans there catch them for their ivory to make money. A．protect B．be protected C．are protected 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——为什么泰国的大象必须受到保护？——因为那里的人类为了赚钱而抓大象取象牙。 考查被动语态。elephants和protect之间是被动关系，此处用含情态动词的被动语态have to be done。故选B。 4．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Do you think junior high school students ________ to get their ears pierced? —No, I don’t think so. It is against the school rules. A．should allow B．allow C．have allowed D．should be allowed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你认为初中学生应该被允许打耳洞吗？——不，我不这么认为。这是违反校规的。 考查被动语态。主语students和动词allow之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选D。 ( 考点三 主动语态表被动意义 ) 1.look, smell, feel, taste等系动词用主动形式表被动意义。 The cloth feels soft.这布摸起来很软。 The cake tastes delicious. 这蛋糕尝起来很美味。 2.need/require/want+doing sth. 意为“……需要……”,表被动意义,相当于need/require/want+to be done。 The door needs repairing. =The door needs to be repaired. 这门需要修理。 3.某物+write/open/sell/wash/clean/cut/open+其他。该结构为主动形式,可表被动意义。 These books sell well. 这些书卖得很好。 The shop opens every day. 这家店每天都营业。 4.不及物动词和动词短语,如:happen, take place, come out, come true, run out 等。 A traffic accident happened last night. 昨晚发生了一起交通事故。 If you work hard, your dream will come true. 如果你努力工作,你的梦想就会实现。 1．（2019·四川宜宾·中考真题）The tickets for The Wandering Earth _____ well, and they will _____ soon. A．are sold; sell out B．are sold; sold out C．sell; be sold out 【答案】C 【解析】句意：《流浪地球》的票卖得很好，他们很快就卖完了。 are sold被卖，被动语态；sell卖，动词原形；sell out卖完；be sold out是被动形式。第一个空表示“票卖得好”，sell well，用主动形式表示表示被动含义，故排除A和B，选C。第二个空是will be sold out一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。 2．（2019·四川达州·中考真题）﹣Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics____，Cindy？ ﹣In Beijing， the capital of China，the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics． A．be taken place B．take place C．take part D．be taken part 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——2022年冬季奥运会将在哪里举行,辛迪?——北京，中国的首都，第一个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。 考查动词语态辨析。take part in参加；take place举行/发生，没有被动语态。根据句意语境，可知take place符合句意，需用主动形式表被动意义，故选B。 3．（2013·江苏常州·中考真题）This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ____________well. A．sells B．sell C．is sold D．are sold 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这些听力材料，连同它的光盘卖得很好。 考查主谓一致及语态。根据句意，东西卖的好，表示现在的一种状态，故用一般现在时。并且当sell后接副词时，其主动形式表示被动含义。together with 连接几个主语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致， 即与 listening material 保持一致，所以sell用单数形式；故答案选A。 【点睛】表示事物性质或特点的，用主动形式表示被动语态。此处表示这个听力材料卖得好，sell可用作及物动词和不及物动词，其主语一般是指人，但是在表示某物卖得不错时，要用主动语态表示被动。together with 连接几个主语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致，即采用就远原则，本句是与listening material保持一致，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故答案选A。 1．Knives are ________ cutting things. A．used to B．used for C．use to D．use for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：刀是用来切东西的。 考查动词短语和被动语态。be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”；be used for doing sth.“被用来做某事”。主语“Knives”和动词use是被动关系，“are”后接过去分词used构成被动语态，排除选项C和D；空后为动名词，应用短语be used for doing sth.。故选B。 2．Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering. A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for D．care for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上个月，当小女孩的父母在当志愿者时，她被邻居们照顾得很好。 考查时态。根据“the little girl…well enough by the neighbors”可知此处表示“被照顾”要用被动语态，再根据Last month可知此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是the little girl，结构为was done。故选B。 3．Have you heard that some people ________ to Mars in a few years? A．was sent B．is sent C．sent D．will be sent 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你听说有些人几年后要被送去火星吗？ 考查动词时态和语态辨析。was sent一般过去时被动语态；is sent一般现在时被动语态；sent过去时主动语态；will be sent一般将来时被动语态。根据句中时间状语“in a few years”和主语“some people”与动词的被动关系，应使用将来时被动语态。故选D。 4．The new film ________ in the cinema now. Why ________ and see it? A．is showing; not to go B．is being shown; not go C．is shown; don’t go D．shows; don’t you go 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这部新电影正在电影院上映。为什么不去看看呢？ 考查现在进行时的被动语态和特殊疑问句。Why not do/don’t you do“为什么不”，排除AC；主语“The new film”是动作的承受者，用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B。 5．Now these magazines ________ in the library for a long time. A．have kept B．are keeping C．have been kept 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这些杂志已经在图书馆里保存了很长时间了。 考查被动语态。分析题干可知，动词keep和主语magazines之间是被动关系，结合“for a long time”可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。 6．These pieces of paper ________ on yet. A．have not written B．have not been written C．has not written 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这些纸还没有写过。 考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语和动词write之间是被动关系，结合“yet”可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态结构，故选B。 7．The books should ________ to the library on time. A．return B．returned C．be returned D．are returned 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这些书应按时归还图书馆。 考查被动语态。根据“The books should …to the library on time.”可知，主语“The books”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态，句中有情态动词should，其被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。故选C。 8．Some details must not ________. A．forgot B．be forgetting C．be forgotten 【答案】C 【解析】句意：一些细节不能被忘记。 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语Some details与动词forget存在被动关系，且句中含有情态动词must，后接be+过去分词。故选C。 9．Pictures should ________ made a little different. A．are B．were C．be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：图片应该做得有点不同。 考查被动语态结构。分析句子可知，此处是含有情态动词should的被动语态：should be done。故选C。 10．—Du Fu is called “the saint of poetry”, isn’t he? —Yes. He ________ by many people and his works ________ in different languages around the world. A．is looked up; are sold well B．is looked up; sell well C．is looked up to; sell well D．is looked up to; are sold well 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——杜甫被称为“诗圣”，不是吗？——是的。他受到许多人的尊敬，他的作品在世界各地以不同的语言畅销。 考查被动语态和动词短语。look up查阅；look up to仰慕。根据语境可知，他被很多人仰慕，用被动语态be looked up to，排除AB；空二处表示“卖得好”，此处用主动形式表示被动，排除D。故选C。 11．—Our new sports car ________ well. —Yes. But there’s still a lot _________. A．are sold; to improve B．sells; to improve C．is selling; to be improved D．sell; to be improving 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我们的新跑车卖得很好。——是的。但仍有很多需要改进的地方。 考查被动语态。第一句是通常性状态，表示车卖得好，sell“卖”，应用主动表被动，且主语为“Our new sports car”，谓语用第三人称单数sells；第二句如果是“there’s a lot to improved”，improve用作及物动词，与a lot指代的名词形成动宾关系；若是“there’s a lot to be improved”，需要不定式与a lot指代的名词形成主谓关系，此时improve用作不及物动词，而不及物动词无被动语态，所以“there’s a lot to be improved”不对。故选B。 12．The car needs checking. The accidents will _______ if it _______ as soon as possible. A．be happened; isn’t checked B．happen; won’t be checked C．be happened; doesn’t check D．happen; isn’t checked 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这辆车需要检查。如果不尽快检查，事故就会发生。 考查时态与语态。第一空，happen为不及物动词，无被动，所以排除A和C选项。根据“if’可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，所以B选项错误，故选D。 13．Your car is very dirty. It needs ________. A．to wash B．to washing C．be washed D．washing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你的车很脏。它需要被清洗。 考查非谓语动词。need接动名词，表示被动意义，这时动名词和主语之间有动宾关系，“need doing”可转换为“need to be done”结构，根据语境可知，此处指汽车需要被清洗。故选D。 14．—Did you watch the movie last night? —No, I watched news about the mountain fire in Beibei. I wondered ________ there. A．what’s going on B．what happened C．how’s everything going D．what was happened 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你昨晚看电影了吗？——没有，我看了关于北碚山火的新闻。我想知道那里发生了什么。 考查宾语从句。根据“I wondered... there.”可知，主句是一般过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态，排除A、C两项；happen没有被动语态，排除D项。故选B。 15．—You should return the book to Mike. It ________ him. —Sure. A．belongs to B．is belonged C．is belonging to D．is being belonged to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你应该把书还给迈克。它属于他。——当然。 考查动词时态和语态。belong to sb“属于某人”，这是一个状态短语，不用于进行时和被动语态，排除BCD选项。故选A。 16．Great changes ________ in the city, and a lot of factories _________. A．have been taken place; have been set up B．have taken place; have been set up C．have taken place; have set up D．were taken place; were set up 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个城市里发生了巨大的变化，建了很多工厂。 考查被动语态。take place“发生”，没有被动语态，所以排除A和D；“factories”与“set up”是动宾关系，可知空格2用被动语态，排除C。故选B。 真题感知 1．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）—Good morning! May I have a plate of dumplings, please? —Sorry. Dumplings ________ only at dinner. A．serve B．are served C．are serving D．will serve 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——早上好！我能要一盘饺子吗？——抱歉。饺子只在晚餐时供应。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。Dumplings和serve之间为动宾关系，故此处使用被动语态。本句描述一般的状态，用一般现在时的被动语态即可。故选B。 2．（2024·海南·中考真题）To protect the environment, more and more trees ________ in our country every year A．have planted B．plant C．are planted 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了保护环境，在我们国家每年有越来越多的树被种植。 考查被动语态。trees和plant之间是被动关系，即“树被种植”，所以要用被动语态be done的形式。选项C是一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知要用一般现在时，所以应选are planted。故选C。 3．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）I feel proud that Chinese ________ by the most people in the world. A．is saying B．is spoken C．speaks 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我为中文是世界上最多人说的语言而感到自豪。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语“Chinese”和谓语动词的关系可知，中文作为语言是被说的，应用被动语态；句子陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时被动语态“is spoken”。故选B。 4．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——太可惜了！像你这样的乐迷没有去南通音乐节。——我知道这是几周前举行的。但我是出差。 考查时态和语态。主语it指代“南通音乐节”，和谓语hold“举办”之间是被动关系，根据“several weeks ago”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。 5．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】D 【解析】句意：去年春天种了很多树，所以今年我们可以看到更多的绿色。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last spring”可知，动作发生在过去，且“trees”与“plant”之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态。故选D。 6．（2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A．names B．named C．was named D．has named 【答案】C 【解析】句意：老舍写了很多戏剧，被评为“人民艺术家”。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，此处指老舍被称为“人民艺术家”，主语he和谓语name之间是被动关系，应为被动语态，结构是be done。故选C。 7．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. —The government has made a great effort on it. I’m sure this problem ______ one day in the future. A．was solved B．solves C．will be solved 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这些年来，乐山的污染越来越少。——政府在这方面做了很大的努力。我相信这个问题未来总有一天会得到解决。 考查动词时态。此处主语“this problem”与“解决”之间应是被动关系，且结合“in the future”可知是指未来，因此此处需用一般将来时的被动语态，形式为will be done。故选C。 8．（2024·安徽·中考真题）The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ________ this July. Don’t miss it. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 【答案】D 【解析】句意：2024年巴黎奥运会将于今年7月举行。不要错过。 考查被动语态。主语Olympic Games和动词hold“举行”之间是被动关系，结合“this July.”和“The 2024”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done，故选D。 9．（2020·湖北·中考真题）—Do you need any help? —No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year. A．have offered B．have been offered C．were offered D．were offering 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你需要帮助吗？——不，谢谢。自去年以来，我们得到了许多支持。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。offer提供。have offered现在完成时；have been offered现在完成时的被动语态；were offered一般过去时的被动语态；were offering过去进行时。主语“We”与动词offer之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态，结合题干中“since last year”可知要用现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been offered。故选B。 10．（2015·山东泰安·中考真题）—Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday? —I’m not sure. Because I ________ so far. A．haven’t invited B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t been invited D．will be invited 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——莉莉，这个周六你参加詹尼的生日派对吗？——我不确定。因为目前为止我还没有被邀请。 考查时态和语态。根据“so far”可知，时态用现在完成时，排除B和D；主语“I”与invite是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态have been done，否定为haven’t been done。故选C。 11．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an. A．is found B．has been found C．will be found D．could be found 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在唐朝，在长安的街道上几乎可以找到世界上所有的东西。 考查时态和语态。主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是动宾关系，此处表示能够被找到，结合“During the Tang dynasty”可知用过去式could表示“能够”，此处是含情态动词的被动语态，用could be found。故选D。 12．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）—More trees need to be planted in the northwest of China —Yes. With enough trees, sandstorms（沙尘暴）could ________. A．protect B．be protected C．stop D．be stopped 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——中国西北部需要种植更多的树木。——是的。有了足够的树木，沙尘暴就可以被阻止。 考查情态动词的被动语态以及动词辨析。protect保护；stop停止。根据“With enough trees, sandstorms（沙尘暴）could”可知，有了足够的树，沙尘暴才可以被阻止，主语“sandstorms”与谓语动词“stop”是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动语态；又因题空前“could”可知，这里是情态动词的被动语态，结构是“情态动词+be done”。故选D。 13．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ________ to be smart. A．say B．is said C．says D．are said 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在中国文化中，猴年出生的孩子被认为很聪明。 考查时态和语态。句子主语是children，和谓语say之间是被动关系，用被动语态，be said to“据说”，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选D。 14．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days. A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如今，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“Chinese”和动词speak之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除选项A和B选项；根据时间状语“these days”及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。故选C。 15．（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题）—More and more young people like to wear Hanfu. —Yes. It’s said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes ________ in Heze, Shandong. A．are producing B．will produce C．are produced 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——越来越多的年轻人喜欢穿汉服。——是的。据说大部分中国传统服装都产自山东菏泽。 考查被动语态。主语“most of the Chinese traditional clothes”和动词“produce”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。故选C。 16．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A．is made; sent B．made; sent C．made; is sent 【答案】C 【解析】句意：中国产的茶叶每年运往许多不同的国家和地方。 考查被动语态和过去分词用法。tea与send之间是动宾关系，用被动语态，is sent。此处用make的过去分词made作后置定语，修饰tea。故选C。 17．（2012·江苏盐城·中考真题）In the past few years, thousands of  films all over the  world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在过去的几年里，世界各地已经制作了数千部电影。 考查动词的时态和语态的用法。films不是动词produce的执行者，而是承受者，如果用film做主语，应该使用被动语态；根据句首表示时间的“In the past few years”确定使用现在完成时。故选B。 18．（2010·安徽·中考真题）-- Are you going to the party? -- No, because I ______. A．have asked B．haven’t asked C．have been asked D．haven’t been asked 【答案】D 【解析】考查被动语态。“你要去参加那个晚会吗？”“不，因为我还没被邀请。”I和ask之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，排除A、B；根据句意可知，应该是否定。故选D。 19．（2014·江苏常州·中考真题） —When will the railway that connects the two cities open? — next year. Only two thirds been built. A．Until; has B．Until; have C．Not until; has D．Not until; have 【答案】C 【解析】句意:--连接这两座城市的铁路什么时候开通？--明年才开通。这段铁路只修了三分之二。 until 直到……时候；根据句意可知，直到明年铁路才能开通，因此应该用否定形式not until，直到……时候，才……；第二个空前的主语是two thirds，意思是三分之二的铁路，railway是单数形式，故动词也应该用单数，故选C。 20．（2013·海南·中考真题）Many comic books ______ into cartoons in the past 40 years. A．make B．are made C．have make D．have been made 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：在最近的40年里，许多的漫画被制成了动画。漫画和拍制之间是被动的关系，故用被动语态，in the past 40years,是现在完成时的标志词，故选D。 考点：考查现在完成时态的被动语态的用法 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 被动语态 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+常考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 中考考点聚焦 题型 考察形式 题量/分值 示例 考察重点 单项选择 选择正确的被动语态结构 1-2题（1分/题） "The bridge ______ last year." A. built B. was built 被动语态构成及时态（一般过去时） 完形填空 根据语境补全被动语态 1题（1分） "The problem ______ by scientists." （选项含被动形式） 语境中被动语态的合理使用 阅读理解 理解含被动语态的句子（非直接考察） 间接涉及 文中出现："The rules were made to protect students." 被动语态在长难句中的理解 词语运用 用所给词的正确形式填空（含被动） 1题（1分） 提供动词"invite"，要求填"was invited" 动词变形及时态搭配（如一般过去时） 连词成句 重组含被动语态的句子 1题（1分） 给出单词：built, in 2020, the park, was 结构重组能力（The park was built in 2020.） 书面表达 在写作中合理使用被动语态 隐性加分项 建议句式："More trees should be planted." 被动语态在建议、说明类文体中的应用 说明： 考察频率：被动语态在河北中考中占比约5%-8%，集中于单项选择、完形填空和词语运用题。 重点时态：以一般现在时、一般过去时为主，偶见含情态动词的被动语态（如can be done）。 备考建议：需掌握被动语态结构（be + 过去分词）、时态变化及与主动语态的转换。 ( 考点一 被动语态的构成 被动语态的构成 形容词的基本用法 ) 语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句,谓语动词为被动语态的句子叫被动句。同一件事情往往可以通过主动句或被动句来表达,侧重点虽有所不同,但意思基本相同。一般说来,主动语态侧重于行为者,被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。 被动语态的基本结构是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。与主动语态一样,被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下(以动词do为例): 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+done 一般过去时 did was/were+done 一般将来时 will/shall+do或be(am/is/are) going to+do will/shall be+done或be(am/is/are) going to be+done 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been+done 含情态动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done (1)带双宾语的主动语态改为用其直接宾语(物)作主语的被动语态时,间接宾语(人)前必须加介词to或for。 My father bought me a computer. →A computer was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一台电脑。 注意：间接宾语前带to的动词有:bring, give, send, show, pass, take, lend, post, teach, write, throw, hand等。间接宾语前带for的动词有:buy, cook, find, set, make, save等。 (2)有些感官动词和使役动词(hear, see, watch, notice, make, have等)在主动语态中作谓语时,其宾语补足语后的动词不定式省略to,但变成被动语态时,必须将to还原。 The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. →The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.老板让工人们一天工作12个小时。 1．（2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题）Many traffic accidents ________ by careless driving. A．are causing B．are caused C．have caused 2．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene. A．harvests B．harvested C．is harvested D．was harvested 3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—A fashion show _______ in our school hall next week. —Great! I’m looking forward to it! A．holds B．is held C．was held D．will be held 4．（2023·四川泸州·中考真题）The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (CIADE) ________ in Luzhou from April 13th to April 16th, 2023. A．was held B．is held C．will be held D．has been held 5．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. —OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now. A．clean B．be cleaned C．is cleaned ( 考点二 被动语态的用法 ) 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种植水稻。 2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者,而不是强调动作的执行者。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人讲汉语。 3.动作的发出者是某个事物。 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 在洪水中许多房子被冲走了。 4.固定句型中常用的被动语态。 如:It’s said that…(据说……), It’s reported that…(据报道……), It’s well-known that…(众所周知……)等。 1．（2019·湖南长沙·中考真题）Life is like a story. What matters is not how long it is but______. A．how good it is B．how good is it C．what good it is 2．（2023·新疆·中考真题）—Hanfu lovers ________ walking down the street in many cities. —Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture. A．can be found B．can find C．must be found D．must find 3．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）— Why do the elephants in Thailand have to ________? — Because humans there catch them for their ivory to make money. A．protect B．be protected C．are protected 4．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Do you think junior high school students ________ to get their ears pierced? —No, I don’t think so. It is against the school rules. A．should allow B．allow C．have allowed D．should be allowed ( 考点三 主动语态表被动意义 ) 1.look, smell, feel, taste等系动词用主动形式表被动意义。 The cloth feels soft.这布摸起来很软。 The cake tastes delicious. 这蛋糕尝起来很美味。 2.need/require/want+doing sth. 意为“……需要……”,表被动意义,相当于need/require/want+to be done。 The door needs repairing. =The door needs to be repaired. 这门需要修理。 3.某物+write/open/sell/wash/clean/cut/open+其他。该结构为主动形式,可表被动意义。 These books sell well. 这些书卖得很好。 The shop opens every day. 这家店每天都营业。 4.不及物动词和动词短语,如:happen, take place, come out, come true, run out 等。 A traffic accident happened last night. 昨晚发生了一起交通事故。 If you work hard, your dream will come true. 如果你努力工作,你的梦想就会实现。 1．（2019·四川宜宾·中考真题）The tickets for The Wandering Earth _____ well, and they will _____ soon. A．are sold; sell out B．are sold; sold out C．sell; be sold out 2．（2019·四川达州·中考真题）﹣Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics____，Cindy？ ﹣In Beijing， the capital of China，the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics． A．be taken place B．take place C．take part D．be taken part 3．（2013·江苏常州·中考真题）This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ____________well. A．sells B．sell C．is sold D．are sold 1．Knives are ________ cutting things. A．used to B．used for C．use to D．use for 2．Last month, the little girl ________ well enough by the neighbors while her parents were volunteering. A．is cared for B．was cared for C．will be cared for D．care for 3．Have you heard that some people ________ to Mars in a few years? A．was sent B．is sent C．sent D．will be sent 4．The new film ________ in the cinema now. Why ________ and see it? A．is showing; not to go B．is being shown; not go C．is shown; don’t go D．shows; don’t you go 5．Now these magazines ________ in the library for a long time. A．have kept B．are keeping C．have been kept 6．These pieces of paper ________ on yet. A．have not written B．have not been written C．has not written 7．The books should ________ to the library on time. A．return B．returned C．be returned D．are returned 8．Some details must not ________. A．forgot B．be forgetting C．be forgotten 9．Pictures should ________ made a little different. A．are B．were C．be 10．—Du Fu is called “the saint of poetry”, isn’t he? —Yes. He ________ by many people and his works ________ in different languages around the world. A．is looked up; are sold well B．is looked up; sell well C．is looked up to; sell well D．is looked up to; are sold well 11．—Our new sports car ________ well. —Yes. But there’s still a lot _________. A．are sold; to improve B．sells; to improve C．is selling; to be improved D．sell; to be improving 12．The car needs checking. The accidents will _______ if it _______ as soon as possible. A．be happened; isn’t checked B．happen; won’t be checked C．be happened; doesn’t check D．happen; isn’t checked 13．Your car is very dirty. It needs ________. A．to wash B．to washing C．be washed D．washing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你的车很脏。它需要被清洗。 考查非谓语动词。need接动名词，表示被动意义，这时动名词和主语之间有动宾关系，“need doing”可转换为“need to be done”结构，根据语境可知，此处指汽车需要被清洗。故选D。 14．—Did you watch the movie last night? —No, I watched news about the mountain fire in Beibei. I wondered ________ there. A．what’s going on B．what happened C．how’s everything going D．what was happened 15．—You should return the book to Mike. It ________ him. —Sure. A．belongs to B．is belonged C．is belonging to D．is being belonged to 16．Great changes ________ in the city, and a lot of factories _________. A．have been taken place; have been set up B．have taken place; have been set up C．have taken place; have set up D．were taken place; were set up 真题感知 1．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）—Good morning! May I have a plate of dumplings, please? —Sorry. Dumplings ________ only at dinner. A．serve B．are served C．are serving D．will serve 2．（2024·海南·中考真题）To protect the environment, more and more trees ________ in our country every year A．have planted B．plant C．are planted 3．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）I feel proud that Chinese ________ by the most people in the world. A．is saying B．is spoken C．speaks 4．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival. —I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held 5．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 6．（2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A．names B．named C．was named D．has named 7．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. —The government has made a great effort on it. I’m sure this problem ______ one day in the future. A．was solved B．solves C．will be solved 8．（2024·安徽·中考真题）The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ________ this July. Don’t miss it. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 9．（2020·湖北·中考真题）—Do you need any help? —No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year. A．have offered B．have been offered C．were offered D．were offering 10．（2015·山东泰安·中考真题）—Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday? —I’m not sure. Because I ________ so far. A．haven’t invited B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t been invited D．will be invited 11．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an. A．is found B．has been found C．will be found D．could be found 12．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）—More trees need to be planted in the northwest of China —Yes. With enough trees, sandstorms（沙尘暴）could ________. A．protect B．be protected C．stop D．be stopped 13．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ________ to be smart. A．say B．is said C．says D．are said 14．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days. A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 15．（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题）—More and more young people like to wear Hanfu. —Yes. It’s said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes ________ in Heze, Shandong. A．are producing B．will produce C．are produced 16．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A．is made; sent B．made; sent C．made; is sent 17．（2012·江苏盐城·中考真题）In the past few years, thousands of  films all over the  world. A．have produced B．have been produced C．are producing D．are being produced 18．（2010·安徽·中考真题）-- Are you going to the party? -- No, because I ______. A．have asked B．haven’t asked C．have been asked D．haven’t been asked 19．（2014·江苏常州·中考真题） —When will the railway that connects the two cities open? — next year. Only two thirds been built. A．Until; has B．Until; have C．Not until; has D．Not until; have 意思是三分之二的铁路，railway是单数形式，故动词也应该用单数，故选C。 20．（2013·海南·中考真题）Many comic books ______ into cartoons in the past 40 years. A．make B．are made C．have make D．have been made 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$