考点串讲03 正反对比议论文写作指导及预测-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019）

2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考点串讲03 正反对比议论文写作指导及预测 原卷版 一、写作指导 1.遵循“三段论” 第一段：提出问题：最近围绕某话题展开了一个讨论； 第二段：分析问题：罗列一种观点，然后给出具体论据； 第三段：分析问题：罗列另一观点，然后给出具体论据。 有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由。 2.学写主题句 提出文章话题后，先写大家有不同观点。然后每段首句罗列观点，再分述具体理由。经典句式有： Most students are in favour of this.//However, the rest hold different views. 3.用好过渡句 主题句之后，往往需要借助于过渡句来陈述大家的意见或观点。经典句式有： Their opinions are as follows. First of all…In addition….What’s more… 二、真题再现 （2002全国卷）最近, 你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请你根据下表所提供的信息, 给报社写一封信, 客观地介绍讨论情况。 60%的同学认为 40%的同学认为 1.不应收门票； 2.公园是公众休闲的地方； 3如收票, 需建大门、围墙, 会影响城市形象。 1应收门票, 但票价不宜高； 2.支付园林工人工资； 3购新花木。 注意：1.词数：100左右。 参考词汇：门票-entrance fees 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 四、小试牛刀 假设你是李华, 最近你校学生组织了一场讨论。讨论的主题是：本市要不要修地铁?请你根据下表所提供的信息, 给某报社编辑写一封信, 客观地介绍讨论情况，并表达自己的看法。 60％的学生赞成 40％的学生反对 1. 方便, 快速, 安全 1. 花费太大, 浪费钱 2. 节能, 无污染 2. 应花钱建更多的公路和铁路 3. 缓解地面交通拥挤；减少交通事故 3. 可能破坏某些地下文物古迹 注意：1. 参考词汇：地铁subway文物古迹historical relics 2. 词数：l20左右。 五、经典句式 首段引入话题： 1. _____________________________________________________________________________ 1.最近我们班就纸质书是否应该被电子书取代进行了辩论。 2. _____________________________________________________________________________ 2.最近我们学校的学生就是否应该在我们城市修建地铁进行了热烈的讨论。 3. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3.最近我们学校的学生就公园是否应该收取入场费进行了激烈的讨论。 首段承上启下句： 1. _____________________________________________________________________________ 1.关于这个话题，人们的观点各不相同。 2. _____________________________________________________________________________ 2.我们在这个问题上意见分歧。 3. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3.对这个问题的看法因人而异。 第二段正方观点： 1. _____________________________________________________________________________ 1.大多数学生认为修建地铁是个好主意。 2. _____________________________________________________________________________ 2.45%的赞成这一想法的学生认为电子书是便携式的，这让我们可以在任何地方阅读。 3. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3.我们大约60%的人赞成这个计划。他们认为修建地铁具有方便、快捷、安全等优点。 第三段反方观点： 1. _____________________________________________________________________________ 然而，凡事都有两面性一样，有些人持相反观点。 2. _____________________________________________________________________________ 2.另一方面，40%的人认为应该收费。他们的理由如下。 3. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3.然而，其他学生持有相反的观点。他们认为修建地铁是浪费钱。 4. _____________________________________________________________________________ 4.相反，其他人认为纸质书不应该被电子书取代，声称阅读电子书不能提供阅读纸质书的乐趣。 第四段表达自己观点： 1. _____________________________________________________________________________ 1.一切都考虑在内的话，这利远大于弊。 2. _____________________________________________________________________________ 2.就我而言，如果可能的话，建议去国外上学。 3. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3.我个人认为利大于弊。因此，我希望修建地铁。 4. _____________________________________________________________________________ 4.就我个人而言，我强烈建议应该高度重视体育活动。 5. _____________________________________________________________________________ 5.在我看来，翻阅纸质书是阅读乐趣的一部分，这是我无法放弃的。 七、押题预测 预测1 是否可以使用词典笔 目前，越来越多的中学生使用电子词典笔来学英语。最近，你班同学就“Should students use electronic dictionary pens?”这一话题进行了讨论，大家对此看法不一。请你根据表格提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍此次的讨论情况并表明自己的观点。 赞成(40%)的理由 1. 电子词典笔便于携带，查单词容易； 2. 功能多：可以纠正发音，练习听力等。 反对(60%)的理由 1. 电子词典笔有其它功能，导致学习分心； 2. 容易产生依赖性，不再下功夫记单词。 你的观点 …… 注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 预测2 是否应投资太空探索 假设你是李华，请用英语写一篇文章，主题是：太空探险的意义。客观地分析其利弊并表达你自己的观点。 优点：1.获得新知识；2.从太空取得新资源；3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。 缺点：1.耗资巨大；2.宇航员的安全问题。 预测3 是否应允许手机校园 假定你是李华，外教Tom在上周的英语口语课上组织了一场关于“手机是否应该允许进入校园”的讨论。请你给你的英国笔友Jerry写一封邮件，分享你对此话题的看法，内容包括： 1．你的观点; 2．说明理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右; 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jerry, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试卷第4页，共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 考点串讲03 正反对比议论文写作指导及预测 解析版 一、写作指导 1.遵循“三段论” 第一段：提出问题：最近围绕某话题展开了一个讨论； 第二段：分析问题：罗列一种观点，然后给出具体论据； 第三段：分析问题：罗列另一观点，然后给出具体论据。 有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由。 2.学写主题句 提出文章话题后，先写大家有不同观点。然后每段首句罗列观点，再分述具体理由。经典句式有： Most students are in favour of this.//However, the rest hold different views. 3.用好过渡句 主题句之后，往往需要借助于过渡句来陈述大家的意见或观点。经典句式有： Their opinions are as follows. First of all…In addition….What’s more… 二、真题再现 （2002全国卷）最近, 你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请你根据下表所提供的信息, 给报社写一封信, 客观地介绍讨论情况。 60%的同学认为 40%的同学认为 1.不应收门票； 2.公园是公众休闲的地方； 3如收票, 需建大门、围墙, 会影响城市形象。 1应收门票, 但票价不宜高； 2.支付园林工人工资； 3购新花木。 注意：1.词数：100左右。 参考词汇：门票-entrance fees 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考答案】 Dear Editor, Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. Opinions on the question are divided from person to person. 60% of the students are against the idea of charging entrance fees. First of all, they are convinced that a public park should be free of charge. In addition, residents need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will undoubtedly keep some people away. Furthermore, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city. On the other hand, 40 % think that fees should be charged. Their reasons are as follows. Firstly, you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. Meanwhile, they suggest that entrance fees should be charged low. 四、小试牛刀 假设你是李华, 最近你校学生组织了一场讨论。讨论的主题是：本市要不要修地铁?请你根据下表所提供的信息, 给某报社编辑写一封信, 客观地介绍讨论情况，并表达自己的看法。 60％的学生赞成 40％的学生反对 1. 方便, 快速, 安全 1. 花费太大, 浪费钱 2. 节能, 无污染 2. 应花钱建更多的公路和铁路 3. 缓解地面交通拥挤；减少交通事故 3. 可能破坏某些地下文物古迹 注意：1. 参考词汇：地铁subway文物古迹historical relics 2. 词数：l20左右。 Dear editor, Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion about whether the subway should be built in our city. Our opinions are divided on this topic. About 60 percent of us are in favor of the plan. They hold the view that building the subway has such advantages as convenience, speed and safety. Besides, it is energy-saving and free from pollution. What's more, it can help reduce the traffic jams and accidents on the ground. However, the other students have opposite opinions. They think building the subway is a waste of money which can be used to build more roads and railways. Worse still, it can damage some historical relics under the ground. Personally I think the advantages overweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, I would like the subway to be built. 五、经典句式 首段引入话题： 1. Recently our class has had a debate on whether paper books should be replaced by e-books. 1.最近我们班就纸质书是否应该被电子书取代进行了辩论。 2. Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion about whether the subway should be built in our city. 2.最近我们学校的学生就是否应该在我们城市修建地铁进行了热烈的讨论。 3. Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. 3.最近我们学校的学生就公园是否应该收取入场费进行了激烈的讨论。 首段承上启下句： 1. Opinions vary on this topic. 1.关于这个话题，人们的观点各不相同。 2. Our opinions are divided on this topic. 2.我们在这个问题上意见分歧。 3. Opinions on the question are divided from person to person. 3.对这个问题的看法因人而异。 第二段正方观点： 1. Most of the students think it a good idea to build the subway. 1.大多数学生认为修建地铁是个好主意。 2. 45% of the students who are in favor of the idea think that e-books are portable, which allows us to read them anywhere. 2.45%的赞成这一想法的学生认为电子书是便携式的，这让我们可以在任何地方阅读。 3. About 60 percent of us are in favor of the plan. They hold the view that building the subway has such advantages as convenience, speed and safety. 3.我们大约60%的人赞成这个计划。他们认为修建地铁具有方便、快捷、安全等优点。 第三段反方观点： 1. However, just as every coin has two sides, some others hold the opposite view. 然而，凡事都有两面性一样，有些人持相反观点。 2. On the other hand, 40 % think that fees should be charged. Their reasons are as follows. 2.另一方面，40%的人认为应该收费。他们的理由如下。 3. However, the other students have opposite opinions. They think building the subway is a waste of money. 3.然而，其他学生持有相反的观点。他们认为修建地铁是浪费钱。 4. On the contrary, the rest think paper books shouldn’t be replaced by e-books, claiming that reading an e-book can’t offer the pleasure of reading a paper book. 4.相反，其他人认为纸质书不应该被电子书取代，声称阅读电子书不能提供阅读纸质书的乐趣。 第四段表达自己观点： 1. Everything taken into account, the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 1.一切都考虑在内的话，这利远大于弊。 2. As far as I’m concerned, it is advisable to attend schools abroad if possible. 2.就我而言，如果可能的话，建议去国外上学。 3. I think the advantages overweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, I would like the subway to be built. 3.我个人认为利大于弊。因此，我希望修建地铁。 4. From my perspective, I strongly suggest great importance should be attached to physical activities. 4.就我个人而言，我强烈建议应该高度重视体育活动。 5. From my point of view, turning the pages of a paper book is part of the pleasure of reading, which is what I can’t let go of. 5.在我看来，翻阅纸质书是阅读乐趣的一部分，这是我无法放弃的。 七、押题预测 预测1 是否可以使用词典笔 目前，越来越多的中学生使用电子词典笔来学英语。最近，你班同学就“Should students use electronic dictionary pens?”这一话题进行了讨论，大家对此看法不一。请你根据表格提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍此次的讨论情况并表明自己的观点。 赞成(40%)的理由 1. 电子词典笔便于携带，查单词容易； 2. 功能多：可以纠正发音，练习听力等。 反对(60%)的理由 1. 电子词典笔有其它功能，导致学习分心； 2. 容易产生依赖性，不再下功夫记单词。 你的观点 …… 注意：1. 词数120左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Recently, my classmates had a discussion on whether students should use electronic dictionary pens for learning English. The opinions were divided, with 40% in favor and 60% against. Supporters of electronic dictionary pens argue that they are portable and make word lookup easy. They also highlight the additional functionalities, such as pronunciation correction and listening practice, which can enhance learning. Opponents, however, believe that these pens have other features that can distract students from studying. They express concerns about the potential dependency on these devices, leading to a lack of effort in memorizing words. In my view, while electronic dictionary pens can be helpful, it is important for students to find a balance. A moderate approach to using electronic dictionary pens alongside traditional learning methods can be beneficial for students’ English learning journey. 【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作，针对越来越多的中学生使用电子词典笔来学英语。班级就“学生是否应该使用电子词典？”这一话题进行了讨论，根据表格提示用英语写一篇短文，介绍赞成和反对的情况并表明自己的观点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 应该：should→be supposed to 表达：express→convey 导致：lead to→result in 重要的：important→essential 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Opponents, however, believe that these pens have other features that can distract students from studying. 拓展句：Opponents, however, hold the belief that these pens have other features that can distract students from studying. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, my classmates had a discussion on whether students should use electronic dictionary pens for learning English. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】In my view, while electronic dictionary pens can be helpful, it is important for students to find a balance. (运用了while引导的让步状语从句) 预测2 是否应投资太空探索 假设你是李华，请用英语写一篇文章，主题是：太空探险的意义。客观地分析其利弊并表达你自己的观点。 优点：1.获得新知识；2.从太空取得新资源；3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。 缺点：1.耗资巨大；2.宇航员的安全问题。 【答案】 Should we invest in outer space explorations? Should we invest in outer space explorations? Opinions are divided on this particular topic. Some people think it very significant to research the outer space. First of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration. Second, new resources can be found there for human being. Third, this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future. However, others are strongly against it. They believe that it takes so much money to do this kind of exploration, which is not worth the value. Additionally, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work in the outer space. As far as I’m concerned, outer space explorations do us more good than harm. Therefore, people should be pioneering and adventurous and such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out. 预测3 是否应允许手机校园 假定你是李华，外教Tom在上周的英语口语课上组织了一场关于“手机是否应该允许进入校园”的讨论。请你给你的英国笔友Jerry写一封邮件，分享你对此话题的看法，内容包括： 1．你的观点; 2．说明理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右; 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jerry, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jerry, How is everything going? I’m writing to share my opinion on whether mobile phones should be allowed on campus, which is a really controversial issue. I firmly believe mobile phones should be restricted at school. First, they are a huge distraction during classes. Many students can’t resist checking messages or playing games, and this seriously affects their learning. Second, excessive phone use weakens face-to-face communication skills because students are more into the virtual world on their phones. What’s your view on this? Looking forward to your reply. Yours truly, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。文章要求考生给英国笔友Jerry写一封邮件，就“手机是否应该允许进入校园”的话题发表自己的看法并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 观点：opinion→view 限制：restrict→limit 首先：first→in the first place 影响：affect→have an effect on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Many students can’t resist checking messages or playing games, and this seriously affects their learning. 拓展句：Many students can’t resist checking messages or playing games, which seriously affects their learning. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share my opinion on whether mobile phones should be allowed on campus, which is a really controversial issue.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句，which引导的非限定性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Second, excessive phone use weakens face-to-face communication skills because students are more into the virtual world on their phones.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 试卷第1页，共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$