知识清单3 语法填空高频考点变式训练16组-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019）

2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 知识清单3 语法填空高频考点变式训练 解析版 2025必考点一：并列句用法 【高考母题】(2025八省联考卷) Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, __________the bond of understanding among civilizations. 【精准解析】考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication，the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 考点精讲： 并列句“A and B”三种考查模式：①A and ________②A ______B ③_____ and B 并列句“A , B and C”并列对象可以是：名词、形容词、副词、不定式, 分词, 介词短语、并列谓语,甚至两个从句。 变式训练1： 1.(2024新高考I卷) Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 2.(2024北京卷)His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ________ (jog) over to him. 3.(2023浙江1月)During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ________ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. 4.(2023新高考II卷) It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. 5.(2022新高考II卷)He hung on for a few minutes _________screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. 变式训练2： 1.(2022全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation _________ cultural exchanges. 2. (2021全国I卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs. 3.(2021全国II卷)I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president. 4.(2021浙江卷1月)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier _______ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. 5.(2017全国III卷)This included digging up the road, ________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 变式训练3： 1.(2020全国III卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _________ (point) down the river. 2.(2019北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _________ (meaning)college experience. 3.（2025·新疆·模拟预测）They also invited Chinese experts to conduct underwater surveys ________ guide coral planting. 4.（2025·福建三明·三模）Compared to traditional sculptural restoration methods, 3D technology offers greater scientific precision, (high) accuracy and improved efficiency. 5.（2025·福建龙岩·二模）Through infrastructure projects, the BRI has successfully promoted the development of involved nations, creating jobs improving living standards. 变式训练1答案：1.and 2.jogged 3.and 4.and 5.and 变式训练2答案：1.and 2. and 3. and 4. and 5.laying 变式训练3答案：1.pointed 2.meaningful 3.and 4.higher 5.and 2025必考点二：接不定式和动名词意义差别较大动词 【高考母题】 (2025浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【精准解析】returning。考查非谓语动词。句意：……这并不总是意味着要在某个特别的周末过后的周一就归还衣服。根据句意可知，mean 此处意为“意味着”，mean doing sth是固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”。 变式训练1： 1. forget to do forget doing 2. remember to do remember doing 3. regret to do regret doing 4. go on to do go on doing 5. stop to do stop doing 6. can’t help to do can’t help doing 7. mean to do mean doing 8. try to do try doing 变式训练2： 1. (2020全国I)Today I tried_________(cook) a simple dish myself. I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook. 2. (2020全国I) “Not that way,” my mom tried _________(stop) me but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn out as I had wished. 3. (2018浙江) I still remember _________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 4. (2018天津改编) I didn’t mean _______(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help __________(try) it. 5. (2015陕西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on_________ (thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 变式训练3： 1. I Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ________(live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. 2. If you think that treating a woman well means always ____________(get) her permission for things, think again. 3. While shopping, people sometimes can't help _____________(persuade) into buying something they don't really need. 4. All of a sudden, I saw something moving on the side of the road. I stopped ___________ (have) a look. 5. I remembered __________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 变式训练1答案： 1. forget to do忘记要做某事（未做） forget doing忘记已做过（已做） 2. remember to do 记住去做（未做） remember doing 记住已做某事（未做） 3. regret to do对即将做的事表遗憾（未做） regret doing后悔已做了（未做） 4. go on to do接着做（另外一件事） go on doing继续做（同一件事） 5. stop to do停下去做（另外一件事） stop doing停止做（同一件事） 6. can’t help (to) do不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing禁不住做某事 7. mean to do想要做某事 mean doing意味着做某事 8. try to do设法要做某事（不涉及结果） try doing尝试做某事（强调做） 变式训练2答案：1.cooking 2.to stop 3.visiting 4.to eat, trying 5.to thank 变式训练3答案：1.lving 2.getting 3.being persuaded 4.to have 5.to lock 2025必考点三：含情态动词的被动语态 【高考母题】(2025八省联考卷) Every language is worthy of respect and should ____________ (treat) equally. 【精准解析】考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。 考点精讲：情态动词后接动词原形，以must为例： must do 必须做某事 一般式 must be doing 肯定正在做某事 进行式 must be done 肯定被做了 被动式 must have done 肯定已经做了某事 完成式 变式训练1： 1.(2024新高考II卷)What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 2.(2024浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes _________ (offer) in smaller packs. 3.(2023全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 4. (2022浙江卷)To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 5. (2020全国III卷)The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 变式训练2： 1.Hurry up. Jane must _____________(wait) for us now. 2.It must ___________ (rain) last night, for the ground is wet in the early morning. 3.It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you would _____________(see) the star from Korea. 4. I can't find my purse. I might ____________(leave) it in the super market yesterday, but I’m not sure. 5. It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should __________ (replace) by a modern hotel. 变式训练1答案：1.be done 2.be offered 3. be employed 4. be appreciated 5. be chosen 变式训练2答案：1.be waiting 2.have rained 3. have seen 4.have left 5. be replaced 2025必考点四：插入语隔离现象 【高考母题】(2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead __________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 【精准解析】on/ upon。考查介词。本题容易受instead影响误填of；其实focus on/upon是固定搭配，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于……”。 考点精讲：有时候空白处故意插入一个单词、短语或从句扰乱理解思路从而起到干扰作用。正确的应对办法是“形意兼顾”，不被表面现象迷惑。 变式训练： 1.(2024新高考II卷) Some of the things that Tang was writing about __________ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways __________ Romeo and Juliet. 2.(2024浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes (offer) in smaller packs. 3.(2023新高考I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 4.(2023全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 5.The country life he’s used to __________(change) a lot since 2021. 变式训练答案：1.were, to 2.be offered 3.or 4.means 5.has changed 2025必考点五：名词性从句what和that区别 【高考母题】(2024全国甲卷) On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in _______ is now northwestern Wyoming. 【精准解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 考点精讲：what是连接代词，引导名词性从句并充当从句的主语、宾语、定语等，而that是连词，不作句子成分，只起引导作用。另外，what在名词性从句中，其作用相当于the+名词+that…从句。 变式训练1： 1.(2024浙江1月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _______ they’ll promote. 2.(2021新高考II卷) _________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 3.(2020浙江7月卷)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on _______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 4.2020·天津卷）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said. 5.（2019全国I卷）While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 变式训练2： 1.(2025·福建龙岩·二模) truly sets the BRI apart is its commitment to fair and win-win cooperation. 2. (2025·河南郑州·二模)As the city expands, dozens of modern buildings have been set up in_________ was a wasteland ten years ago. 3. (2025·广东广州·二模)The official made it clear _________he would do everything possible to solve the problem. 4. (2025·山东济南·二模)The boy dived into the water and after _________ seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 5. (2025·辽宁大连龙岩·二模)Social media tools let us see _________ our friends are up to and keep friendship. 变式训练1：1.what 2.What 3.what4.what 5.that 变式训练2：1.What 2.what 3.that 4.what 5.what 2025必考点六：动词不定式形式复杂化 【高考母题】(2023新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _______ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 考点精讲：以to do为例，在特定语境下不定式有主被动之分，有进行式和完成式之分。 项目 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to find to be found 进行式 to be finding --- 完成式 to have found to have been found 变式训练1： 1. The knots are pulled tightly together and are strong enough___________(use) for binding or wrapping, making them very practical. 2. The design of the app allows feedback ______________(collect) continuously, ensuring constant improvement. 3.We have been informed of the strict rules ______________(adopt) for garbage sorting in the near future． 4.Their colors are not bright enough________________(notice) by the human eye. 5. The naughty boy pretended __________ (study) when his mother stepped into the room. 变式训练2： 1. I hurried to school, only _______________(find) to find it was Sunday. 2. Robert is said _______________(study) abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in. 3. Police are searching for a woman who is reported to _____________(miss) since the flood hit the area. 4. His works are reported to____________________(translate) into 20 languages in the past decade 5. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ___________(hear). 变式训练1答案：1.to be used 2.to be collected 3. to be adopted 4.to be noticed 5. to be studying 变式训练2答案：1.to find 2.to have studied 3. have been missing 4.have been translated 5.to be heard 2025必考点七：现在分词形式复杂化 【高考母题】(2023全国乙卷) ______________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。 考点精讲：现在分词作状语，表示该动作与句子谓语动词（几乎）同时发生；若该动作早于谓语动作，则应用having done或having been done。现在分词短语作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作；being done则表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。以动词do为例： 项目 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 finding being found 完成式 having found having been found 变式训练1： 1. ___________(live) here for about four years up to now, I have a better understanding of China’s northern food. 2. ________________(wait) in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. 3. ________________ (trap) in the river for five hours, the thief looked very pale and exhausted. 4. The manager, ________________ (make) it clear that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. 5. _______________(show) around the factory, they were taken to visit the museum. 变式训练2： 1. Its implementation (实施) follows a well-organized and flexible timeline, ________ (balance) active action with careful planning. 2. The museum (build) now will be open to the public in six months. 3.I heard an English song _________(sing) by the little girl when I passed by her room yesterday. 4. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ____________(perform) live is quite another. 5. ______________(consider) that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job. 变式训练1：1.Having lived 2.Having waited 3. Having been trapped 4.having made 5.Having been shown 变式训练2：1.Balancing 2.being built 3.being sung 4.being performed 5.Considering 2025必考点八：省略介词的动词短语 【高考母题】(2023全国乙卷) As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ________ (record) everything I discovered. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 考点精讲：注意牢记下列省略介词的动词短语，介词后接动名词作宾语。 spend…(in) doing 花费时间做某事 waste…(in) doing浪费时间做某事 be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事 prevent/stop …(from) doing阻止某人做某事 have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing做某事有困难 have problems (in) doing做某事有困难 have fun (in) doing做……开心 There is no point/sense (in) doing做……没有用 There is no harm (in) doing不妨做某事 变式训练1： 1. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time________(pass) the exam. 2. According to a recent survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ______(watch) TV. 3. You can’t imagine what great trouble she had __________(raise) the four children. 4. Even though they knew I didn’t speak Portuguese, that didn’t stop them from ____________ (talk) to me, and we were able to communicate without a problem. 5. China has taken steps to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______________ (attack) in the South China Sea. 变式训练2： 1.There is no harm __________(sign) up for the workshop—you might learn a useful new skill. 2.She is currently occupied __________(write) a research paper on climate change. 3.He wasted hours __________(search) for the lost keys that were in his pocket all along. 4.She had a hard time __________(persuade) her parents to let her study abroad. 5.He has made up his mind, and there is no point __________(try) to persuade him to change it. 变式训练1答案：1.passing 2.watching 3. raising 4. talking 5. being attacked 变式训练2答案：1. signing 2. writing 3. searching 4. persuading 5. trying 2025必考点九：介词后接动名词作宾语 【高考母题】(2025八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in ___63___ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。 考点精讲：语法填空有一类送分题，遇到介词后填动名词。考试需要注意圈画关键词—介词即可。 变式训练1： 1. (2022全国甲) I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not ___________(stay) out with my friends too late. 2.（2021全国甲卷）After ___________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 3.（2021全国乙卷）Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:•Minimize the impact of ___________ (visit) the place. 4.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements. 5.（2018全国I卷）You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___________(die) early by running. 变式训练2： 1.They are seriously thinking about ___________(take) a trip to Europe during the summer vacation. 2.We should focus on ___________(improve) our work efficiency by using advanced software. 3.She dreams of ___________(become) a famous singer one day, practicing singing every morning. 4.He is good at ___________(perform) classic pieces at local concerts to showcase his talent. 5.He apologized for _________(be) late to the important meeting, explaining that he had been stuck in a traffic jam. 变式训练1答案：1.staying 2.spending 3.visiting 4.noting 5.dying 变式训练2答案：1. taking 2. improving 3. becoming 4. performing 5. Being 2025必考点十：括号内给出人称代词填什么 【高考母题】(2024九省联考卷) However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of _________ (they). 【精准解析】考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。 考点精讲： 变式训练1： 1.(2024全国甲卷)What should be done with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with _________(it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 2.(2023•新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of _________(they) contents. 3.（2022北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 4.(2021浙江卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ____________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order. 5.(2021新课标I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to 变式训练2： 1.（2021全国乙卷）Ecotourism has ____________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. 2.(2020新课标卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ____________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 3.(2020全国I卷)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 4. Our neighbors gave _________ (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt_________ (it) when it fell from its nest. 5. It is part of a drive by the Department for Education to address the rise in students who report _________ (they) mental health issues at university. 变式训练1答案：1.its 2.their 3.themselves 4.herself 5.mine 变式训练2答案：1.its 2.themselves 3.its 4.us, itself 5.their 2025必考点十一：使用过去完成时的场合 【高考母题】(2023北京卷)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【精准解析】考查时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 考点精讲：下列情况应考虑使用过去完成时（核心是过去的过去）： 1.had planned to do…, but…. 该句型表示原本打算做某事，实际未发生。 2.hardly had sb done…when…. 该句型表示“刚一……就……”，主句部分倒装。 3.no sooner had sb done…than…. 该句型表示“刚一……就……”，主句部分倒装。 4.It was the second time that…. 该句型表示“某人第二次……”，从句用过去完成时。 5.By/by the end of…/By the time…. 该句型表示“到……为止……”，后面用过去完成时。 6.I wish/had rather that…. 该句型表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。 7.as if/if only…. 该句型表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。 8.虚拟语气if虚拟条件句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。 9.主句是一般过去时，从句视语境需要也会用过去完成时来呼应。 变式训练1： 1.By the end of last year, we ____________(learn) three thousand English words. 2.When I arrived at the cinema, the movie ____________(begin). 3.We ____________(hope) to go on a trip last weekend, but the bad weather stopped us. 4.It was the first time that I ____________(see) such a beautiful sunset. 5.If I ____________(know) you were coming, I would have prepared a big dinner. 变式训练2： 1.By the time I graduated from high school, I ____________(read) hundreds of books. 2.She realized she ____________ (lose) her keys when she got home. 3.I had rather that you ____________(tell) me the truth earlier. 4.He talked as if he ____________(know) everything about the matter. 5.When Sarah finally arrived at the party, most guests _______ (leave). Her best friend Lily _______ (wait) for her for two hours. "You're so late! The cake _______ (eat) by everyone," Lily said. Sarah apologized, explaining that she _______ (miss) the bus because she _______ (forget) her wallet and had to go back home to get it. 变式训练1答案：1. had learned/learnt 2. had begun 3. had hoped 4. had seen 5. had known 变式训练2答案：1. had read 2.had lost 3. had told 4. had known 5.had left; had been waiting; had been eaten; had missed; had forgotten 2025必考点十二：使用现在完成时的场合 【高考母题】(2024浙江1月卷) Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【精准解析】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 考点精讲：下列情况应考虑使用现在完成时（核心是发生在过去，影响现在）： 1.表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。 2.副词标志：recently, lately, already, yet… 3.介词短语标志：so far=up to now=to date到现在为止, for 10 years, ever since 自从……以来, over the past two weeks 在过去两周内…… 4.固定句型：主句（have/has done）+since+从句, It is the first time that+从句（have/has done） 变式训练1： 1.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 2.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 3.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 4. (2021·浙江卷) It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ____________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 5. (2020•天津卷) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ____________ (remain) around that level since. 变式训练2： 1. (2019·江苏卷) The musician along with his band members ___________(give) ten performances in the last three months. 2. (2019•全国II卷) I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______________ (make) over the years. 3. (2018·北京卷) China’s high-speed railways _________ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 4. (2018·全国II卷) Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice. 5. It is the first time that he __________(compete) against a tennis champion. 变式训练2： 1.（2025·新疆·模拟预测）“Thanks to the Chinese standards, technologies and solutions adopted by the port city project, outstanding contributions ____________ (make) to the protection of Sri Lanka’s marine biodiversity and ecological environment,” Piyal said. 2.（24-25高三·云南·期中）The number of Siberian tigers ____________ (grow) from 27 to 70 since the start of China’s pilot national park system in 2017. 3.（2025·河北·二模）Recently, a growing number of tourist attractions ____________ (launch) low-altitude flight and sightseeing programs. 4.（2025·江西·二模）Batstra began practicing Wing Chun at 18 and ____________ (devote) himself to it since 1981. 5.（24-25·河北邯郸·一模）This is the first time that an international poetry festival ____________ (hold) for BRICS nations by China, leaving 146 deep impression on these poets. 变式训练1答案：1.has established 2.has increased 3.has walked 4.has proved 5.has remained 变式训练2答案：1.has given 2.have made 3.have grown 4.has grown 5.has competed 变式训练3答案：1.have been made 2.has grown 3.have launched 4.has devoted 5.has been held 2025必考点十三：词类转换之动词变名词 【高考母题】(2025浙江1月卷) Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive ____________ (solve) to one-time event dressing. 【精准解析】solution。考查词性转换。由空白处前a可知，空白处应填名词形式。故填solution。 考点精讲： 1.-tion/-sion education 教育，decision 决定 2.-ment development 发展，movement 运动 3.-ance/-ence appearance 外貌，difference 差异 4.-age marriage 婚姻，package 包裹 5.-ure departure离开，pleasure 快乐 6.-ty/-ity safety 安全，activity 活动 7.-al survival幸存，arrival到达 8.-er/-or survivor幸存者，educator 教育家 变式训练1： 1. (2025八省联考卷) As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through ___________ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. 2.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ( complete ) of their journey. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 4. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 5.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 变式训练1答案：1.innovation 2.completion 3.criticism 4.arrival 5.warning 变式训练2： 1.（2022全国甲卷）Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___________ (protect). 2.（2022浙江 1月卷）When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___________(invite). 3.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 4.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 5.（2020新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a ___________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 变式训练2答案：1.protection 2.invitation 3.representative 4.marriage 5.celebration 变式训练3： 试卷第1页，共13页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.accept 2.accommodate 3.admit 4.appear 5.approve 6.allow 7.argue 8.arrive 9.assist 10.appoint 11.bore 12.choose 13.compare 14.compete 15.complain 16.consume 17.conclude 18.depart 19.depend 20.describe 21.destroy 22.disturb 23.enter 24.exist 25.expand 26.explain 27.explore 28.found 29.grow 30.ignore 31.improve 32.injure 33.intend 34.introduce 35.invite 36.laugh 37.lose 38.major 39.mix 40.occupy 41.operate 42.participate 43.permit 44.prefer 45.press 46.pronounce 47.publish 48.qualify 49.recognize 50.recover 51.refuse 52.relax 53.relieve 54.resist 55.respond 56.starve 57.vary 变式训练3答案： 1.acceptance 2.accommodation 3.admission 4.appearance 5.approval 6.allowance 7.argument 8.arrival 9.assistant, assistance 10.appointment 11.boredom 12.choice 13.comparison 14.competitor, competition 15.complaint 16.consumer, consumption 17.conclusion 18.departure 29.dependence 30.description 21.destruction 22.disturbance 23.entrance, entry 24.existence 25.expansion 26.explanation 27.explorer, exploration 28.founder, foundation 29.growth 30.ignorance 31.improvement 32.injury 33.intention 34. introduction 35.invitation 36.laughter 37.loser;loss 38.major; majority 39.mixture 40.occupation 41.operator, operation 42.participant, participation 43.permit; permission 44. preference 45.pressure, 46.pronunciation 47.publication 48. qualification 49.recognition 50.recovery 51.refusal 52.relaxation 53.relief 54. resistance 55.response 56.starvation 57.variety 2025必考点十四：词类转换之形容词变名词 【高考母题】（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international __________ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 【精准解析】visibility。解析：考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 考点精讲： 1.-ness happiness 幸福，kindness 善良 2.-ty ability 能力，equality 平等 3.-th growth 成长，truth 真理 4.-ance/-ence importance 重要性，confidence 信心 5-ism socialism 社会主义，optimism 乐观主义 6.-ery bravery 勇敢slavery 奴隶制 7.-dom freedom 自由，wisdom 智慧 8.-cy accuracy 准确性，privacy 隐私 变式训练1： 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the (rich) of gardening in England. 2.（2024新课标I卷）Taking the time to rest allows us to develop a deeper sense of ______ (self-aware). 3.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 4.（2020新课标III卷）Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5.（2020新课标卷）Historical __________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 变式训练2： 1.accurate 2.aggressive 3.anxious 4.aware 5.beautiful 6.certain 7.cruel 8.deep 9.equal 10.familiar 11.generous 12.high 13.honest 14.intelligent 15.lazy 16.likely 17.lonely 18.long 19.mature 20.moral y 21.mysterious 22.necessary 23.open 24.opposite 25.original 26.poor 27.popular 28.private 29.pure 30.secure 31.simpley 32.table 33.thirsty 34.united 35.vacant 试卷第15页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 变式训练3： 1.（2025·甘肃平凉·模拟预测）In 1990, Mount Huangshan was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site that brought sustainable _________ (grow) of visitors to the area. 2.（2025·山东临沂·二模）Today, Pipa is still an important part of Chinese culture and has gained _________ (popular) worldwide. 3.（2025·山东省济南·二模）After successfully gathering nearly six hundred manuscripts (手稿), he resolved to return to China after an _________ (absent) of 16 years. 4.（24-25高三·广东深圳·期中）Modern editors can employ AI to enhance writing for clarity, _________ (precise) and accuracy. 5.（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）In modern times, men and women enjoy _________ (equal) in many walks of life. 变式训练1答案：1.richness 2. self-awareness 3. responsibility 4.curiosity 5.accuracy 变式训练2答案： 1.accurate→accuracy 2.aggressive→aggression 3.anxious→anxiety 4.aware→awareness 5.beautiful→beauty 6.certain→certainty 7.cruel→cruelty 8.deep→depth 9.equal→equality 10.familiar→familiarity 11.generous→generosity 12.high→height 13.honest→honesty 14.intelligent→intelligence 15.lazy→laziness 16.likely→likelihood 17.lonely→loneliness 18.long→length 19.mature→maturity 20.moral→morality 21.mysterious→mystery 22.necessary→necessity 23.open→openness 24.opposite→opposition 25. original→originality 26.poor→poverty 27.popular→popularity 28.private→privacy 29.pure→purity 30. secure→security 31.simple→simplicity 32.table→stability 33.thirsty→thirst 34.united→unity 35.vacant→vacancy 变式训练3答案：1.growth 2.popularity 3.absence 4.precision 5.equality 2025必考点十五：变幻多端的介词 【高考母题】（2024新课标II卷）The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform _________the world to better understand China, but also promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world. 【精准解析】考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth. for sb./sth.，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。 考点精讲： 1.考查“动词+介词”短语的用法，如participate in…； 2.考查“介词+名词”短语的用法，如in person； 3.考查介词表示时间、方法的用法，如by, with等。 变式训练1： 1.(2025八省联考卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 2.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route… 3.（2024北京卷）One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” 4.（2024全国甲卷）This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 5. (2024九省联考卷) He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also __________ old fashioned fountain pens. 变式训练2： 1.（2023新课标I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 2.（2023全国甲卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads. 3.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 4. (2021浙江1月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased __________2.1 in women and men. 5. (2020全国II卷)Bamboo plants are associated __________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy to care for and make great presents. 变式训练3： 1. (2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived __________, through agriculture. 2. (2020新课标卷)Museums must compete __________people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. 3. (2021浙江6月卷) In 1844 they bought it __________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. 4.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 5.（2022北京卷）Helen was walking down the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 变式训练4： 1. (2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It was built originally to protect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 2. (2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s. 3.She was _________ the point of going out when the telephone rang. 4.There are many interesting books to choose from, but I’m _________ a loss which to borrow. 5. Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s ________ the visiting hours. 变式训练1答案：1.on 2.as 3.to 4.for 5.with 变式训练2答案：1.by 2.to 3.as 4.by 5.with 变式训练3答案：1.in 2.for 3.for 4.from 5.in 变式训练4答案：1.in 2.until 3.on 4.at 5.beyond 变式训练5： 1.feel _________ ease安心自在 2. _________ design故意地 3. _________ random随意地,胡乱地 4. _________ vain白费，徒劳 5. _________ guard值班，警戒 6. _________ treatment在治疗中 7. _________ consideration在考虑中 8.be absorbed _________专心于 9.be free _________ charge免费 10.be familiar _________ sb对…熟悉的 11.be keen _________热衷于 12.be hard _________ sb某人苛刻 13.from bad _________ worse越来越糟 14.from hand _________ mouth勉强糊口 15.arm _________ arm手挽手地 16.heart _________ heart互相交心地 17. _________ the sight of 一看见……就 18.be set _________以……为背景 19. _________ one’s advantage 对某人有利 20.give rise _________引起，导致，产生 变式训练5：1. at 2. by 3. at 4. in 5. on 6. under 7. under 8. in9. of 10. to 11. on12. on 13. to 14. to 15. in 16. to 17.1 at 8. in19. to 20. to 2025必考点十六：either…or…等平行结构 【高考母题】（2021浙江6月卷）Although Mary loved flowers, ________she nor her husband was known as a gardener. 【精准解析】考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 考点精讲： 1. not…but…, 不是……而是…… 2. not only…but (also)…, 不但……而且…… 3. not just…but (also)…, 不但……而且…… 4. both…and…, 不但……而且…… 5. either…or…, 要么……要么…… 6. neither…nor…, 既不……也不…… 7. between….and…在……和……之间 8. whether…or…, 不管是……还是…… 变式训练1： 1. (2019全国II) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years. I work not because I have to, ________ because I want to.” 2. He neither drinks alcohol ________nor smokes cigarettes, which contributes to his good health. 3. __________you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you. 4. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ________ their education that causes misunderstanding. 5. Between working full-time ________ taking care of the kids, he didn't have much time for hobbies. 变式训练1： 1. I shall go swimming tomorrow whether you come with me ________stay at home. 2. It is often said that the joy of traveling is ______ in arriving at your destination ______ in the journey itself. 3. It was an extremely dark, lonely country road. Neither a single person ______ any traffic was in sight at all. 4. Not only has the activity developed our creative thinking, ________ it has strengthened our sense of responsibility. 5.I will always support you, ___________you succeed or fail in this business venture. 变式训练1答案：1.but 2.nor 3. Either 4. but 5.and 变式训练2答案：1.or 2.not, but 3.nor 4.but 5. whether 试卷第18页，共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019） 知识清单3 语法填空高频考点变式训练 原卷版 2025必考点一：并列句用法 【高考母题】(2025八省联考卷) Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, __________the bond of understanding among civilizations. 【精准解析】考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication，the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 考点精讲： 并列句“A and B”三种考查模式：①A and ________②A ______B ③_____ and B 并列句“A , B and C”并列对象可以是：名词、形容词、副词、不定式, 分词, 介词短语、并列谓语,甚至两个从句。 变式训练1： 1.(2024新高考I卷) Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 2.(2024北京卷)His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ________ (jog) over to him. 3.(2023浙江1月)During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ________ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. 4.(2023新高考II卷) It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. 5.(2022新高考II卷)He hung on for a few minutes _________screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. 变式训练2： 1.(2022全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation _________ cultural exchanges. 2. (2021全国I卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs. 3.(2021全国II卷)I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president. 4.(2021浙江卷1月)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier _______ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. 5.(2017全国III卷)This included digging up the road, ________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top. 变式训练3： 1.(2020全国III卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _________ (point) down the river. 2.(2019北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _________ (meaning)college experience. 3.（2025·新疆·模拟预测）They also invited Chinese experts to conduct underwater surveys ________ guide coral planting. 4.（2025·福建三明·三模）Compared to traditional sculptural restoration methods, 3D technology offers greater scientific precision, (high) accuracy and improved efficiency. 5.（2025·福建龙岩·二模）Through infrastructure projects, the BRI has successfully promoted the development of involved nations, creating jobs improving living standards. 2025必考点二：接不定式和动名词意义差别较大动词 【高考母题】 (2025浙江1月卷)“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【精准解析】returning。考查非谓语动词。句意：……这并不总是意味着要在某个特别的周末过后的周一就归还衣服。根据句意可知，mean 此处意为“意味着”，mean doing sth是固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”。 变式训练1： 1. forget to do forget doing 2. remember to do remember doing 3. regret to do regret doing 4. go on to do go on doing 5. stop to do stop doing 6. can’t help to do can’t help doing 7. mean to do mean doing 8. try to do try doing 变式训练2： 1. (2020全国I)Today I tried_________(cook) a simple dish myself. I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook. 2. (2020全国I) “Not that way,” my mom tried _________(stop) me but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn out as I had wished. 3. (2018浙江) I still remember _________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 4. (2018天津改编) I didn’t mean _______(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help __________(try) it. 5. (2015陕西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on_________ (thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 变式训练3： 1. I Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ________(live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. 2. If you think that treating a woman well means always ____________(get) her permission for things, think again. 3. While shopping, people sometimes can't help _____________(persuade) into buying something they don't really need. 4. All of a sudden, I saw something moving on the side of the road. I stopped ___________ (have) a look. 5. I remembered __________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. 2025必考点三：含情态动词的被动语态 【高考母题】(2025八省联考卷) Every language is worthy of respect and should ____________ (treat) equally. 【精准解析】考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。 考点精讲：情态动词后接动词原形，以must为例： must do 必须做某事 一般式 must be doing 肯定正在做某事 进行式 must be done 肯定被做了 被动式 must have done 肯定已经做了某事 完成式 变式训练1： 1.(2024新高考II卷)What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 2.(2024浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes _________ (offer) in smaller packs. 3.(2023全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 4. (2022浙江卷)To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? 5. (2020全国III卷)The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 变式训练2： 1.Hurry up. Jane must _____________(wait) for us now. 2.It must ___________ (rain) last night, for the ground is wet in the early morning. 3.It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you would _____________(see) the star from Korea. 4. I can't find my purse. I might ____________(leave) it in the super market yesterday, but I’m not sure. 5. It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should __________ (replace) by a modern hotel. 2025必考点四：插入语隔离现象 【高考母题】(2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead __________ the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 【精准解析】on/ upon。考查介词。本题容易受instead影响误填of；其实focus on/upon是固定搭配，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于……”。 考点精讲：有时候空白处故意插入一个单词、短语或从句扰乱理解思路从而起到干扰作用。正确的应对办法是“形意兼顾”，不被表面现象迷惑。 变式训练： 1.(2024新高考II卷) Some of the things that Tang was writing about __________ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways __________ Romeo and Juliet. 2.(2024浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes (offer) in smaller packs. 3.(2023新高考I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 4.(2023全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 5.The country life he’s used to __________(change) a lot since 2021. 2025必考点五：名词性从句what和that区别 【高考母题】(2024全国甲卷) On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in _______ is now northwestern Wyoming. 【精准解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 考点精讲：what是连接代词，引导名词性从句并充当从句的主语、宾语、定语等，而that是连词，不作句子成分，只起引导作用。另外，what在名词性从句中，其作用相当于the+名词+that…从句。 变式训练1： 1.(2024浙江1月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _______ they’ll promote. 2.(2021新高考II卷) _________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 3.(2020浙江7月卷)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on _______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 4.2020·天津卷）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said. 5.（2019全国I卷）While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 变式训练2： 1.(2025·福建龙岩·二模) truly sets the BRI apart is its commitment to fair and win-win cooperation. 2. (2025·河南郑州·二模)As the city expands, dozens of modern buildings have been set up in_________ was a wasteland ten years ago. 3. (2025·广东广州·二模)The official made it clear _________he would do everything possible to solve the problem. 4. (2025·山东济南·二模)The boy dived into the water and after _________ seemed to be a long time, he came up again. 5. (2025·辽宁大连龙岩·二模)Social media tools let us see _________ our friends are up to and keep friendship. 2025必考点六：动词不定式形式复杂化 【高考母题】(2023新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _______ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 考点精讲：以to do为例，在特定语境下不定式有主被动之分，有进行式和完成式之分。 项目 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to find to be found 进行式 to be finding --- 完成式 to have found to have been found 变式训练1： 1. The knots are pulled tightly together and are strong enough___________(use) for binding or wrapping, making them very practical. 2. The design of the app allows feedback ______________(collect) continuously, ensuring constant improvement. 3.We have been informed of the strict rules ______________(adopt) for garbage sorting in the near future． 4.Their colors are not bright enough________________(notice) by the human eye. 5. The naughty boy pretended __________ (study) when his mother stepped into the room. 变式训练2： 1. I hurried to school, only _______________(find) to find it was Sunday. 2. Robert is said _______________(study) abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in. 3. Police are searching for a woman who is reported to _____________(miss) since the flood hit the area. 4. His works are reported to____________________(translate) into 20 languages in the past decade 5. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ___________(hear). 2025必考点七：现在分词形式复杂化 【高考母题】(2023全国乙卷) ______________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。 考点精讲：现在分词作状语，表示该动作与句子谓语动词（几乎）同时发生；若该动作早于谓语动作，则应用having done或having been done。现在分词短语作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作；being done则表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。以动词do为例： 项目 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 finding being found 完成式 having found having been found 变式训练1： 1. ___________(live) here for about four years up to now, I have a better understanding of China’s northern food. 2. ________________(wait) in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. 3. ________________ (trap) in the river for five hours, the thief looked very pale and exhausted. 4. The manager, ________________ (make) it clear that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. 5. _______________(show) around the factory, they were taken to visit the museum. 变式训练2： 1. Its implementation (实施) follows a well-organized and flexible timeline, ________ (balance) active action with careful planning. 2. The museum (build) now will be open to the public in six months. 3.I heard an English song _________(sing) by the little girl when I passed by her room yesterday. 4. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ____________(perform) live is quite another. 5. ______________(consider) that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job. 2025必考点八：省略介词的动词短语 【高考母题】(2023全国乙卷) As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ________ (record) everything I discovered. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 考点精讲：注意牢记下列省略介词的动词短语，介词后接动名词作宾语。 spend…(in) doing 花费时间做某事 waste…(in) doing浪费时间做某事 be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事 prevent/stop …(from) doing阻止某人做某事 have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing做某事有困难 have problems (in) doing做某事有困难 have fun (in) doing做……开心 There is no point/sense (in) doing做……没有用 There is no harm (in) doing不妨做某事 变式训练1： 1. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time________(pass) the exam. 2. According to a recent survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ______(watch) TV. 3. You can’t imagine what great trouble she had __________(raise) the four children. 4. Even though they knew I didn’t speak Portuguese, that didn’t stop them from ____________ (talk) to me, and we were able to communicate without a problem. 5. China has taken steps to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______________ (attack) in the South China Sea. 变式训练2： 1.There is no harm __________(sign) up for the workshop—you might learn a useful new skill. 2.She is currently occupied __________(write) a research paper on climate change. 3.He wasted hours __________(search) for the lost keys that were in his pocket all along. 4.She had a hard time __________(persuade) her parents to let her study abroad. 5.He has made up his mind, and there is no point __________(try) to persuade him to change it. 2025必考点九：介词后接动名词作宾语 【高考母题】(2025八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in ___63___ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. 【精准解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。 考点精讲：语法填空有一类送分题，遇到介词后填动名词。考试需要注意圈画关键词—介词即可。 变式训练1： 1. (2022全国甲) I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not ___________(stay) out with my friends too late. 2.（2021全国甲卷）After ___________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 3.（2021全国乙卷）Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:•Minimize the impact of ___________ (visit) the place. 4.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements. 5.（2018全国I卷）You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___________(die) early by running. 变式训练2： 1.They are seriously thinking about ___________(take) a trip to Europe during the summer vacation. 2.We should focus on ___________(improve) our work efficiency by using advanced software. 3.She dreams of ___________(become) a famous singer one day, practicing singing every morning. 4.He is good at ___________(perform) classic pieces at local concerts to showcase his talent. 5.He apologized for _________(be) late to the important meeting, explaining that he had been stuck in a traffic jam. 2025必考点十：括号内给出人称代词填什么 【高考母题】(2024九省联考卷) However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of _________ (they). 【精准解析】考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。 考点精讲： 变式训练1： 1.(2024全国甲卷)What should be done with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with _________(it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 2.(2023•新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of _________(they) contents. 3.（2022北京卷）Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. 4.(2021浙江卷)She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ____________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order. 5.(2021新课标I卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to 变式训练2： 1.（2021全国乙卷）Ecotourism has ____________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s. 2.(2020新课标卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ____________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 3.(2020全国I卷)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 4. Our neighbors gave _________ (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt_________ (it) when it fell from its nest. 5. It is part of a drive by the Department for Education to address the rise in students who report _________ (they) mental health issues at university. 2025必考点十一：使用过去完成时的场合 【高考母题】(2023北京卷)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【精准解析】考查时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 考点精讲：下列情况应考虑使用过去完成时（核心是过去的过去）： 1.had planned to do…, but…. 该句型表示原本打算做某事，实际未发生。 2.hardly had sb done…when…. 该句型表示“刚一……就……”，主句部分倒装。 3.no sooner had sb done…than…. 该句型表示“刚一……就……”，主句部分倒装。 4.It was the second time that…. 该句型表示“某人第二次……”，从句用过去完成时。 5.By/by the end of…/By the time…. 该句型表示“到……为止……”，后面用过去完成时。 6.I wish/had rather that…. 该句型表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。 7.as if/if only…. 该句型表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。 8.虚拟语气if虚拟条件句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。 9.主句是一般过去时，从句视语境需要也会用过去完成时来呼应。 变式训练1： 1.By the end of last year, we ____________(learn) three thousand English words. 2.When I arrived at the cinema, the movie ____________(begin). 3.We ____________(hope) to go on a trip last weekend, but the bad weather stopped us. 4.It was the first time that I ____________(see) such a beautiful sunset. 5.If I ____________(know) you were coming, I would have prepared a big dinner. 变式训练2： 1.By the time I graduated from high school, I ____________(read) hundreds of books. 2.She realized she ____________ (lose) her keys when she got home. 3.I had rather that you ____________(tell) me the truth earlier. 4.He talked as if he ____________(know) everything about the matter. 5.When Sarah finally arrived at the party, most guests _______ (leave). Her best friend Lily _______ (wait) for her for two hours. "You're so late! The cake _______ (eat) by everyone," Lily said. Sarah apologized, explaining that she _______ (miss) the bus because she _______ (forget) her wallet and had to go back home to get it. 2025必考点十二：使用现在完成时的场合 【高考母题】(2024浙江1月卷) Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【精准解析】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 考点精讲：下列情况应考虑使用现在完成时（核心是发生在过去，影响现在）： 1.表示从过去某时开始的动作一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去。 2.副词标志：recently, lately, already, yet… 3.介词短语标志：so far=up to now=to date到现在为止, for 10 years, ever since 自从……以来, over the past two weeks 在过去两周内…… 4.固定句型：主句（have/has done）+since+从句, It is the first time that+从句（have/has done） 变式训练1： 1.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 2.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 3.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 4. (2021·浙江卷) It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ____________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 5. (2020•天津卷) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ____________ (remain) around that level since. 变式训练2： 1. (2019·江苏卷) The musician along with his band members ___________(give) ten performances in the last three months. 2. (2019•全国II卷) I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______________ (make) over the years. 3. (2018·北京卷) China’s high-speed railways _________ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. 4. (2018·全国II卷) Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice. 5. It is the first time that he __________(compete) against a tennis champion. 变式训练2： 1.（2025·新疆·模拟预测）“Thanks to the Chinese standards, technologies and solutions adopted by the port city project, outstanding contributions ____________ (make) to the protection of Sri Lanka’s marine biodiversity and ecological environment,” Piyal said. 2.（24-25高三·云南·期中）The number of Siberian tigers ____________ (grow) from 27 to 70 since the start of China’s pilot national park system in 2017. 3.（2025·河北·二模）Recently, a growing number of tourist attractions ____________ (launch) low-altitude flight and sightseeing programs. 4.（2025·江西·二模）Batstra began practicing Wing Chun at 18 and ____________ (devote) himself to it since 1981. 5.（24-25·河北邯郸·一模）This is the first time that an international poetry festival ____________ (hold) for BRICS nations by China, leaving 146 deep impression on these poets. 2025必考点十三：词类转换之动词变名词 【高考母题】(2025浙江1月卷) Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive ____________ (solve) to one-time event dressing. 【精准解析】solution。考查词性转换。由空白处前a可知，空白处应填名词形式。故填solution。 考点精讲： 1.-tion/-sion education 教育，decision 决定 2.-ment development 发展，movement 运动 3.-ance/-ence appearance 外貌，difference 差异 4.-age marriage 婚姻，package 包裹 5.-ure departure离开，pleasure 快乐 6.-ty/-ity safety 安全，activity 活动 7.-al survival幸存，arrival到达 8.-er/-or survivor幸存者，educator 教育家 变式训练1： 1. (2025八省联考卷) As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through ___________ (innovate), and its inclusiveness. 2.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ( complete ) of their journey. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 4. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 5.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 变式训练2： 1.（2022全国甲卷）Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___________ (protect). 2.（2022浙江 1月卷）When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___________(invite). 3.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 4.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 5.（2020新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a ___________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 变式训练3： 试卷第12页，共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.accept 2.accommodate 3.admit 4.appear 5.approve 6.allow 7.argue 8.arrive 9.assist 10.appoint 11.bore 12.choose 13.compare 14.compete 15.complain 16.consume 17.conclude 18.depart 19.depend 20.describe 21.destroy 22.disturb 23.enter 24.exist 25.expand 26.explain 27.explore 28.found 29.grow 30.ignore 31.improve 32.injure 33.intend 34.introduce 35.invite 36.laugh 37.lose 38.major 39.mix 40.occupy 41.operate 42.participate 43.permit 44.prefer 45.press 46.pronounce 47.publish 48.qualify 49.recognize 50.recover 51.refuse 52.relax 53.relieve 54.resist 55.respond 56.starve 57.vary 2025必考点十四：词类转换之形容词变名词 【高考母题】（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international __________ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 【精准解析】visibility。解析：考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 考点精讲： 1.-ness happiness 幸福，kindness 善良 2.-ty ability 能力，equality 平等 3.-th growth 成长，truth 真理 4.-ance/-ence importance 重要性，confidence 信心 5-ism socialism 社会主义，optimism 乐观主义 6.-ery bravery 勇敢slavery 奴隶制 7.-dom freedom 自由，wisdom 智慧 8.-cy accuracy 准确性，privacy 隐私 变式训练1： 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the (rich) of gardening in England. 2.（2024新课标I卷）Taking the time to rest allows us to develop a deeper sense of ______ (self-aware). 3.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 4.（2020新课标III卷）Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5.（2020新课标卷）Historical __________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 变式训练2： 1.accurate 2.aggressive 3.anxious 4.aware 5.beautiful 6.certain 7.cruel 8.deep 9.equal 10.familiar 11.generous 12.high 13.honest 14.intelligent 15.lazy 16.likely 17.lonely 18.long 19.mature 20.moral y 21.mysterious 22.necessary 23.open 24.opposite 25.original 26.poor 27.popular 28.private 29.pure 30.secure 31.simpley 32.table 33.thirsty 34.united 35.vacant 试卷第13页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 变式训练3： 1.（2025·甘肃平凉·模拟预测）In 1990, Mount Huangshan was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site that brought sustainable _________ (grow) of visitors to the area. 2.（2025·山东临沂·二模）Today, Pipa is still an important part of Chinese culture and has gained _________ (popular) worldwide. 3.（2025·山东省济南·二模）After successfully gathering nearly six hundred manuscripts (手稿), he resolved to return to China after an _________ (absent) of 16 years. 4.（24-25高三·广东深圳·期中）Modern editors can employ AI to enhance writing for clarity, _________ (precise) and accuracy. 5.（25-26高三·全国·课后作业）In modern times, men and women enjoy _________ (equal) in many walks of life. 2025必考点十五：变幻多端的介词 【高考母题】（2024新课标II卷）The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform _________the world to better understand China, but also promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world. 【精准解析】考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth. for sb./sth.，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。 考点精讲： 1.考查“动词+介词”短语的用法，如participate in…； 2.考查“介词+名词”短语的用法，如in person； 3.考查介词表示时间、方法的用法，如by, with等。 变式训练1： 1.(2025八省联考卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill. 2.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route… 3.（2024北京卷）One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” 4.（2024全国甲卷）This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 5. (2024九省联考卷) He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also __________ old fashioned fountain pens. 变式训练2： 1.（2023新课标I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled. 2.（2023全国甲卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads. 3.（2022新课标I卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 4. (2021浙江1月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased __________2.1 in women and men. 5. (2020全国II卷)Bamboo plants are associated __________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy to care for and make great presents. 变式训练3： 1. (2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived __________, through agriculture. 2. (2020新课标卷)Museums must compete __________people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. 3. (2021浙江6月卷) In 1844 they bought it __________ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. 4.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 5.（2022北京卷）Helen was walking down the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. 变式训练4： 1. (2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It was built originally to protect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 2. (2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has its origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept __________ the late 1980s. 3.She was _________ the point of going out when the telephone rang. 4.There are many interesting books to choose from, but I’m _________ a loss which to borrow. 5. Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s ________ the visiting hours. 变式训练5： 1.feel _________ ease安心自在 2. _________ design故意地 3. _________ random随意地,胡乱地 4. _________ vain白费，徒劳 5. _________ guard值班，警戒 6. _________ treatment在治疗中 7. _________ consideration在考虑中 8.be absorbed _________专心于 9.be free _________ charge免费 10.be familiar _________ sb对…熟悉的 11.be keen _________热衷于 12.be hard _________ sb某人苛刻 13.from bad _________ worse越来越糟 14.from hand _________ mouth勉强糊口 15.arm _________ arm手挽手地 16.heart _________ heart互相交心地 17. _________ the sight of 一看见……就 18.be set _________以……为背景 19. _________ one’s advantage 对某人有利 20.give rise _________引起，导致，产生 2025必考点十六：either…or…等平行结构 【高考母题】（2021浙江6月卷）Although Mary loved flowers, ________she nor her husband was known as a gardener. 【精准解析】考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 考点精讲： 1. not…but…, 不是……而是…… 2. not only…but (also)…, 不但……而且…… 3. not just…but (also)…, 不但……而且…… 4. both…and…, 不但……而且…… 5. either…or…, 要么……要么…… 6. neither…nor…, 既不……也不…… 7. between….and…在……和……之间 8. whether…or…, 不管是……还是…… 变式训练1： 1. (2019全国II) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years. I work not because I have to, ________ because I want to.” 2. He neither drinks alcohol ________nor smokes cigarettes, which contributes to his good health. 3. __________you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you. 4. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ________ their education that causes misunderstanding. 5. Between working full-time ________ taking care of the kids, he didn't have much time for hobbies. 变式训练1： 1. I shall go swimming tomorrow whether you come with me ________stay at home. 2. It is often said that the joy of traveling is ______ in arriving at your destination ______ in the journey itself. 3. It was an extremely dark, lonely country road. Neither a single person ______ any traffic was in sight at all. 4. Not only has the activity developed our creative thinking, ________ it has strengthened our sense of responsibility. 5.I will always support you, ___________you succeed or fail in this business venture. 试卷第16页，共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$