专题04 阅读理解(议论文+记叙文)-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编（新高考通用）

专题04 阅读理解(议论文+记叙文) ( 地 城 高频话题 01 科学技术 / 环境保护 / 社会问题和社会现象 ( 议论文 ) ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高二下·河北石家庄·期末)Have you ever conducted a job interview through video? Do you work remotely and mostly communicate with your colleagues through technologies like Microsoft Teams or Slack? Technologies are rapidly changing how, when, and where we work. But what impact do they have on our work motivation? We recently reviewed the research done to answer this question and unfortunately, the news is not so good. For the most part, technologies have worsened the satisfaction of our psychological needs when we work. They are robbing us of our feelings of control and freedom because they monitor us and tell us what and how to do our work; sometimes they also pressure us to work faster. And they are decreasing our chances to create meaningful relationships with colleagues. To fix and avoid these issues in the future, we have concluded from this review that we need to advocate for the use of psychological knowledge when designing technologies to be used in work environments. Psychologists are well equipped to advise how to design and use technologies in ways that will maintain or even improve the design of our work. Work is considered to be well-designed when it gives us some decision-making power, provides us with performance feedback, and allows us to connect with colleagues not only to increase relatedness but also to see the impact our work has on stakeholders(利益相关者). Good work design makes our work more meaningful. Why is this important? Because work motivation that stems from meaning and enjoyment will be increasingly important in the future of work. Indeed, as work environments and career tracks become more dynamic and precarious, we need workers to be more active and flexible for the changeable situation. And motivation through meaning and enjoyment makes people more active and flexible. So, when you hear your employer wants to introduce new technologies in your workplace, ask them if they have used the service of psychology experts. It will ensure your work keeps being designed in a way that will make it meaningful and enjoyable. 1. According to the recent research review, how do technologies affect our work? A. They decrease our working efficiency. B. They increase our psychological needs. C. They improve our relationships with colleagues. D. They reduce our work motivation for creativity. 2. What does the author suggest for introducing technologies in work? A. Updating technical equipment. B. Consulting psychology experts. C. Reviewing the former research. D. Improving the design of our work. 3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The process of good work design. B. The potential decision-making power. C. The characteristic of well-designed work. D. The meaning of connection with colleagues. 4. What does the underlined word “precarious” mean in paragraph 5? A. Uncertain. B. Unavoidable. C. Rewarding. D. Straightforward. Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高二下·河北沧州·期末)The summer reading season is here. Some people will opt for paperbacks because they’re easy to borrow and share. Others will go for e-readers. But which is the more environmentally sustainable option? According to 2023 data from the literary industry research group Words Rated, when it comes to pulp(纸浆) and paper, print book publishing is the world’s third-largest industrial greenhouse gas producer, and 32 million trees are cut down each year in the United States to make paper for books. So many publishers are switching to on-demand printing. For example, Chronicle Books, are reducing their initial print runs to see how well the titles sell before they print more. “We felt that it was better to have a higher cost and have less waste,” said Chronic le Books president, Tyrrell Mahoney. Publishers are also rethinking book design. It might be a surprise, but certain fonts(字体) can be more climate-friendly by using less ink and less paper. Digital reading seems to have a considerable eco-advantage over print because it is paperless, so it saves trees, pulping and shipping. Moreover, tech companies that make e-readers such as Amazon, which sells the market-leading Kindle e-reader, offer recycling programs for old devices. “By choosing e-books as an alternative to print, Kindle readers helped save an estimated 2.3 million metric tons of carbon emissions over a two-year period,” said Corey Badcock, head of Kindle product and marketing. But digital devices also come with a substantial carbon footprint, mainly at the producing stage. Their cases are made with fossil-fuel-derived plastics and the minerals in their batteries require resource-heavy mining. Berners-Lee, the author of The Carbon Footprint of Everything , said the average e-reader has a carbon footprint of around 80 pounds. “This means that I’ve got to read about 36 small paperback books-worth on it before you break even,” he said. “If you buy an e-reader and you read loads and loads of books on it, then it’s the lowest carbon thing to do,” Berners-Lee said. “But if I buy it, read a couple of books, and decide that I prefer paperback books, then it’s the worst of all worlds.” 5. Why are publishers switching to on-demand printing? A. To further reduce costs. B. To increase market sales. C. To make books more durable. D. To be more environmentally friendly. 6. What is the author’s attitude towards digital devices’ carbon footprint? A. Optimistic. B. Dismissive. C. Objective. D. Defensive. 7. What can we say about the carbon footprint of reading according to Berners-Lee? A. Heavy e-readers will have a lower carbon footprint. B. Paperback readers contribute less to carbon emissions. C. The carbon footprint of reading is unworthy of attention. D. There’s no way to measure the carbon footprint of e-readers. 8. What is the best title for the text? A. An Eco-Debate: Is My E-Reader Really Greener? B. The Decline of Paper: A Look at Modern Publishing C. The Future of Reading: E-ink Technology Advances D. What’s Better for the Climate: A Paper Book or an E-Reader? Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高二下·江苏·期末)ChatGPT, a powerful AI chatbot tool, has swept the world in the past months. While it has been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both excitement and worries in education. According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of the respondents had used ChatGPT to help with a homework assignment. Some students even got high scores thanks to papers written by ChatGPT. Some universities and schools have banned the use of ChatGPT, such as public schools in New York City, CNN reported. The move comes along with growing concerns that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on assignments and be used to spread inaccurate information. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic and lifelong success,” Jenna Lyle, the vice press secretary of the New York City Department of Education, said in a statement. Apart from strict bans, teachers are redesigning their courses in an attempt to block the use of ChatGPT. Some college professors in the US are now including more oral exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported. However, not all educators are saying “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are not planning on banning the tool. Instead, they are drafting policies on its proper usage, for both students and lecturers. Bhaskar Vira, vice-president for education at University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not sensible(合理的). “I’m of the opinion that we have to recognize that AI is a tool people will use but then adapt our learning, teaching and examination processes so that we can continue to have integrity(诚实) while recognizing the use of the tool,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university. Vira’s opinion on ChatGPT is shared by Petervan der Putten, assistant professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands. “It’s there, just how like Google is there. You can write it into your policies for stopping cheating but it’s a reality that the tool exists,” he told Sky News. 9. According to the passage, what can ChatGPT help students do? A. Enrich their school life. B. Hand in better papers. C. Improve their writing skills. D. Spread correct information. 10. What are the professors in US doing to cope with ChatGPT? A. Making policies to ban the use of the tool. B. Requiring students to write papers by hand. C. Making laws to recognize the use of the tool. D. Preventing students from spreading inaccurate information. 11. Which of the following may Vira agree to about using ChatGPT? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. Practice makes perfect. C. No pains, no gains. D. Every coin has two sides. 12. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. ChatGPT: An answer giver? B. ChatGPT: A perfect tool? C. ChatGPT: A homework designer? D. ChatGPT: A cheat helper? Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高二下·浙江温州·期末)“ChatGPT is a computer program that can understand and respond to text like a person. It’s like havinga conversation with a very smart robot,” says ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence text generator. In November of 2022, the computer program ChatGPT generated significant public interest across the globe for its broad applications and commercial value. This AI model demonstrated its ability to perform a variety of tasks, from generating book summaries, recommendations, and personal research assistance, to drafting college SOPs, essays, and emails. According to Ehsan Hoque, Associate Professor of Computer Science at UR, while the concepts used to build ChatGPT are not entirely new, combining them with this AI model marks a significant achievement in the field of AI engineering. With that being said, the system has also generated contention over its possible violation of academic honesty. The use of ChatGPT for homework assignments is a growing concern for professors across the globe. The University, on the other hand, has not addressed or made a statement on this matter. There are potential academic violations for homework and exams. One such case is Professor of Political Science and Business David Primo. He entered one of his previous test questions into ChatGPT, and ChatGPT got it exactly correct. Despite concerns, Primo understands that the issue of academic honesty is a concern that has existed and will exist forever. He talks about this as well as the many other negative uses of the internet, saying “The internet makes it easy to spread hateful messages and pirate music, but do you want to go back to a time where you couldn’t bank online, or listen to music online?” Primo also pictures this technological advancement being integrated into classes and assessments in the future. “Universities should move slowly here and let faculty members experiment with various approaches to AI and adapt to a world of AI,” said Primo. 13. What makes the program a great breakthrough? A. Its ability to perform various tasks. B. Its achievements in learning technology. C. Its wide application and commercial value. D. The combination of its concept and AI model. 14. What does the underlined word in the third paragraph mean? A. dispute B. support C. disadvantage D. mistake 15. What might Primo agree with regarding the use of ChatGPT? A. It is a double-edged sword. B. It has little impact on academia. C. Its advantages outweigh its disadvantages. D. It should be prohibited for academic integrity. 16. What is the text mainly about? A. ChatGPT demonstrates its great strength. B. ChatGPT generates great argument. C. ChatGPT arouses significant public interest. D. ChatGPT causes the potential academic violations. Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高二下·安徽马鞍山·期末)With the development of new media, the promotion of Mandarin(普通话) and the wave of globalization, the range of application for dialects(方言) has become smaller. Dialects, to some extent, are a culmination(积淀) of local culture. If they are not protected and healthily passed down, this “crisis” might lead to their disappearance. However, since the concept of “language resource” was introduced, the status of dialects has been given renewed importance. Dialects are a living form of intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). As the saying goes, “It’s better to sell ancestral(祖先的) land than to abandon ancestral language.” For the recording and preservation of dialects, creating a language environment in which they can enjoy a period of growth and success is vitally important. Folk songs, local operas, dialect courses, community involvement, technological methods, and literary and artistic works can all play significant roles in the protection and inheritance(传承) of dialects. Cao Xueqin was a native of Nanjing, and the Jia family in Dream of the Red Chamber is a distinguished family from Jinling (ancient Nanjing). According to statistics, there are over 1,000 instances of Nanjing dialect in the masterpiece. Shen Congwen’s Border Town vividly portrays a “world of Western Hunan”. The locals refer to copper coins as “tongzi”, the addition of “zi” suggesting it’s just a small object. This reflects the Western Hunan people’s indifference to material wealth. In Lao She’s Rickshaw Boy, the “er” sound is everwhere, full of Beijing flavor. In fact, the literary forms of Chinese dialect have been around since ancient times and are vivid with various flavors. Never forget your dialect and never forget the accent of your hometown. 17. What has happened to dialects since the introduction of the concept of language resource? A. They have been applied less. B. They have gained new recognition. C. They have completely disappeared. D. They have promoted the spread of Mandarin. 18. What does the saying underlined in paragraph 2 imply? A. Ancestral language should be preserved. B. Ancestral land should be developed. C. Ancestral language is a fixed form. D. Ancestral land is more meaningful. 19. Why does the writer refer to the dialects in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber? A. To illustrate the complicated relationship. B. To demonstrate their extensive usage. C. To convey the distinctive Beijing culture. D. To describe the personalities of the characters. 20. In which column of a magazine can you find the text probably? A. Entertainment. B. Culture. C. Health. D. Economy. Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高二下·安徽芜湖·期末)“WHAT IS CIVILISATION?” asked Kenneth Clark 50 years ago in the seminal(开创性的) BBC series on the subject. “I don’t know, and I can’t define it in abstract terms, yet. But I think I can recognize it when I see it, and I’m looking at it now.” And he turned to gesture behind him, at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame(巴黎圣母院). It seems inhuman to care more about a building than about people. That the sight of Notre Dame going up in flames has attracted so much more attention than floods in southern Africa which killed over 1,000 arouses understandable feelings of guilt. Yet the widespread, intense grief at the sight of the cathedral’s(大教堂) collapsing steeple(尖塔) is in fact profoundly human — and in a particularly 21st-century way. Familiarity breeds affection. A building on whose sunny steps you have rested, in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one, becomes a warm part of your memories and thus of yourself. That helps explain why China is in mourning — WeChat, young China’s principal(主要的) means of talking to itself, has been following the story. And it will be rebuilt. The effort to rebuild it will bring people together. Within 24 hours, €600m ($677m) had been raised from businesses and rich people, and a rash of crowdfunding campaigns started. Yet the emotions the sight aroused were less about the building itself than about what losing it might mean. Notre Dame is an expression of humanity at its collective best. Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence — through war, revolution and Nazi occupation — binds the present to the past. It will never be the same, but that is as it should be. As Victor Hugo wrote in “The Hunchback of Notre Dame”, a three-volume love-letter to the cathedral: “Great edifices (建筑物), like great mountains, are the work of centuries. Art is often transformed as it is being made… Time is the architect, the nation is the builder.” 21. What can we infer according to Paragraph 1? A. Kenneth Clark is a staff(职员) in BBC. B. Kenneth Clark believes that Notre Dame is a symbol of civilization. C. Civilization is so abstract that Kenneth Clark can’t recognise it. D. Notre Dame is the subject of the BBC series. 22. Why has the sight of Notre Dame going up in flames attracted so much attention according to the passage? A. Because the sunny steps in Notre Dame for people to rest on is impressive. B. Because Notre Dame has boosted the local economy. C. Because numerable people around the world has been there and left good memories. D. Because social media like WeChat in China help more people know it. 23. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word in Paragraph 4? A. current B. parties C. power D. disorder 24. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The essence(精髓) of Notre Dame will be lost if we rebuild it. B. It is difficult to rebuild Notre Dame. C. If it were not for the fire, Notre Dame would always stay the same. D. Notre Dame will change as time goes by even without the fire. Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高二下·山东潍坊·期末)When discussions are getting heated, divisions on opinions potentially lead to some awkward moments. This causes many of us to struggle with how to convince people to change their minds and how to argue our side effectively. Unfortunately, we’ve already become quite divided. One study showed that when people receive information against their beliefs, their brains aren’t as active as when they receive information that confirms their beliefs. Humans have a well- documented bias(偏见) called the “confirmation bias”, which is a tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing views and to avoid information that disconfirms them. Throwing data at people isn’t at all effective in changing minds and especially hearts. Instead, people just find it super annoying. Luckily, research has provided some guidance about best practices, and, not surprisingly, they all suggest what our parents have been telling us for decades: You catch more flies with honey than with vinegar. In fact, it turns out that instead of citing why you are right and someone else is wrong in a heated conversation, one of the most effective strategies you can use for changing someone’s mind is to find areas where you agree. Another thing we can do is to be open to other perspectives(观点) . We can start by acknowledging our own confirmation bias and making a conscious effort to override it. We can also try to take other people’s perspectives. And better yet — ask them for it. Ask them why they feel the way they do and what would change their mind. Be open to admitting that you could be wrong and make it easy for others to admit their own mistakes. Finally, make new friends — friends that are different from you. Make your bias a disconfirmation bias;in other words, when you have an opinion on something, don’t just read information that confirms it. Instead, make an effort to find information that could potentially prove you wrong. If you were right all along, this exercise will only make your arguments stronger. If you were wrong, your mind will have been opened up to new ideas. Either way, this kind of open-mindedness will give you a brand-new perspective on life, and you might even make some unlikely new friends in the process. 25. Which can illustrate “confirmation bias”? A. We tend to welcome different ideas. B. We accept messages from the others. C. We argue against points of disagreement. D. We prefer information in line with our views 26. What does the underlined word “honey”in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Following advice. B. Sharing common ground. C. Admitting mistakes. D. Blocking different ideas. 27. How can we benefit from our bias according to the last paragraph? A. By letting go of our own opinion. B. By making arguments more reliable. C. By opening up minds to new friends. D. By securing information opposite to ours. 28. What is the best title of the text? A. How to negotiate with others B. Why it’s so hard to change hearts and minds C. How to shift minds in polarized communication D. Why open-mindedness is effective in conversations Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高二下·河南许昌·期末)Standing outside my hospital the other day, I was struck by a sight. In fact, it’s a sight we’ve all seen countless times: obese(肥胖的) nurses standing around outside a hospital. It is estimated that one in four nurses is obese, with nearly two-thirds being overweight. While some have argued that obese nurses may be less productive and take more time off sick, this isn’t my concern at all. I’m just worried about the example they set to others. Yes, of course, nurses and doctors struggle with having a healthy lifestyle like everyone else. But if they can’t stick to the basic principles of maintaining a healthy lifestyle that they are promoting themselves, then in my opinion they have no business being on the front line. No patient is going to take them seriously unless they can demonstrate that they at least try to practise what they promote. It’s a serious professional failing, because it sends the disastrous message of “do as I say not as I do”, which is never going to result in someone changing their ways. You wouldn’t take advice about reducing your drinking from an alcoholic, would you? So why should you be expected to listen to an overweight healthcare professional who is telling you to lose a few pounds? Of course, there are lots of instances when a doctor or nurse’s personal struggles can really help. For example, I used to smoke and I find this actually helps me because I can relate to patients—I know their struggles, I know their concerns and I know the things they say to themselves to avoid quitting. Knowing that I used to smoke helps me come across as more human to my patients—I’ve done silly things but I’ve changed and so can they. Similarly, a nurse who was previously obese but has now lost weight could be a real motivation for patients. But until they have lost weight and can demonstrate that they practise what they promote, they risk alienating (使疏远) the very patients they are charged with helping. 29. What worries the author concerning obese nurses? A. They will call in sick a lot. B. They will be unlikely to take patients seriously. C. They will fail to play their role in health promotion. D. They will be incompetent at their job on the front line. 30. What is the author’s attitude to “do as I say not as I do”? A. Tolerant. B. Contradictory. C. Uncaring. D. Disapproving. 31. In what way is the author’s experience of quitting smoking helpful? A. He understands smokers better. B. He manages to maintain a healthier lifestyle. C. He has become brave in the face of struggles. D. He sets a good example to his workmates. 32. What can we infer about the author? A. He is an alcoholic. B. He is a doctor. C. He is overweight. D. He is impatient. Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高二下·湖南长沙六校联考·期末)For those of us who grew up watching Star Trek, exploring space has been about discovering strange new worlds. And there are plenty of worlds to explore in time, but we still need major technological advancements to reach planets that are light years away. What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth. From space, we can monitor, manage and care for our planet. Satellite-based sensors show us the short- and long-term effects of human activity on our environment. Many companies are using their interest in space to help solve problems here, from using hyperspectral imaging(高光谱成像), which enable us to map vegetation(植被) and rain forests, to microsatellites that provide global connectivity for the network of things. My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. The Internet has become our economic lifeblood. And yet, nearly half of the world’s population doesn’t have Internet access. Space is playing a key role in bridging this digital divide. OneWeb is launching 1,980 satellites to help bring Internet access to people everywhere, and our first production satellites are already flying in space and have shown very high download speeds. Fiber and cable Internet access technologies already cover most financially viable(可行的) major cities. Similarly, these regions will also be the first to be served with 5G. Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty. OneWeb’s satellites will reach every community in the world and enable equal access to the Internet for the world’s less developed places. Fifty years from the day when man first walked on the moon, we are still only approaching the possible. There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully. 33. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. Benefits space exploration can bring to us. B. Problems space exploration leads to. C. Steps of space exploration requires. D. Equipment space exploration needs. 34. What is OneWeb aiming to do? A. Increase download speeds. B. Narrow the gap in Internet learning. C. Help people set up and maintain a website. D. Enable people to make use of the Internet equally. 35. What can be inferred from the text? A. More than six decades ago, man first walked on the moon. B. More than half of the world’s people have no access to the Internet. C. OneWeb’s satellites will make it possible for most people to be served with 5G. D. Without the Internet, poor communities can hardly help themselves out of poverty. 36. What will the writer probably continue to write about in the following paragraph? A. The risks of furthering space exploration. B. The value of setting up space stations. C. The way we could monitor our earth. D. The features of microsatellites. Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东惠州·期末)Creatives across the globe are understandably experiencing a sense of unease in light of the recent strides made in the field of artificial intelligence. In a recent incident, an individual who secured a prestigious accolade at the Colorado State Fair art competition elicited a vehement backlash when he disclosed that his artwork was crafted with the aid of AI technology. Lance Allen, a 39-year-old, faced accusations of deceit from detractors, despite the fact that he had triumphed in the digital art category and was transparent about the method by which his piece was produced. It is evident that the paradigms governing the creation of art are undergoing a transformation. To clarify, Allen’s artistic endeavor was not a mere matter of pressing a button, as Jason Blain noted in Forbes. He dedicated approximately 80 hours to his submission, initially refining his textual prompts and subsequently refining the final visual output using software such as Photoshop, before arranging for the artwork to be printed on canvas. His approach to utilizing AI in the creation of his piece mirrors that of a photographer utilizing a camera to capture an image. This highlights the pivotal role that AI is playing in the realm of artistic creation, which is crucial in comprehending the evolving nature of art making. Allen, who is also a designer of board games, is in awe of the capabilities of AI and advocates for artists and illustrators to embrace this technology rather than resist it. He asserts, “Art is dead,” suggesting that AI has brought about a fundamental shift in the art world, making it more accessible and potentially more widely appreciated. However, a more constructive perspective to glean from his success is that AI-powered image generators are poised to “broaden the appreciation for and the creation of art” by democratizing the field and enabling individuals who may not possess traditional drawing skills, such as himself, to produce intricate works like his award-winning piece. He posits that, “If anything, we will have more artists,” and as the technology continues to evolve, “we might witness the birth of art styles that have never been seen before.” It is not entirely unjustified for traditional artists to feel disconcerted. After all, image generators operate by dissecting the visual elements of countless pre-existing images. One particularly sophisticated image generator, as described by Loz Eliot in New Atlas, “makes it crystal clear just how disruptive this technology can be.” Given a specific prompt, it is capable of generating an image of virtually any concept one can conceive, and can even mimic the style of a preferred artist. Its advent signifies “an extraordinary democratization of visual creativity” while simultaneously posing a threat to those who have dedicated years to honing their artistic skills in the hope of earning a living from their craft. This underscores the potential of AI to disrupt conventional artistic practices, making the field more accessible to novices and potentially jeopardizing the professional prospects of established artists. 37. Why are artists getting nervous about AI recently? A. A winner of an art prize used AI. B. Lance Allen cheated in the art competition. C. The digital art will soon dominate. D. There will be great changes in art creation. 38. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2? A. It was no easy work for Allen even with Al. B. Allen worked as a photographer creating an image. C. AI played a key role in Allen’s art creation. D. Although with AI, Allen’s creation counted a lot. 39. What lesson can we draw from Allen’s winning? A. Human has been beaten by AI. B. AI will make art more popular. C. Greater artists and new art styles will appear. D. AI enables amateurs to win art competitions. 40. Why does Loz Eliot say the new technology will be destructive? A. It works by analyzing images created by human. B. It can produce images beyond people’s imagination. C. It makes artists’ long-time effort meaningless. D. It makes it impossible for artists to make a living. Passage 11 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东深圳·期末)No matter where I direct my gaze, the landscape is dotted with the skeletal frames of new structures taking shape. The familiar neighborhoods of my youth, once adorned with the charm of time-honored edifices, have largely vanished, replaced by the sleek silhouettes of contemporary high-rises. There is a rationale for this transformation: residents are in pursuit of the amenities that modern living promises. However, the question that lingers is, how can the younger generation grasp and uphold their cultural heritage if the tangible remnants of it are continually erased? The advocacy for the conservation of historical buildings transcends mere sentimental yearning for the past. Economic considerations also lend strong support to the cause of preservation. The restoration and safeguarding of historical districts can serve as a catalyst for economic growth, enticing tourists and small enterprises to the locality. A case in point is the historic Al Bastikiya neighborhood in Dubai, which annually attracts a multitude of visitors from across the globe. It also draws the interest of local inhabitants who are keen on exploring the history of their city. Critics often contend that preserving historical monuments is an expensive endeavor, but numerous recent initiatives have shown this belief to be unfounded. In fact, the process of refurbishing an existing structure for alternative use can be approximately £40 per square meter less costly than even the most elementary new construction, all the while retaining the architectural elegance of the original structure. Moreover, despite the common assertion that older buildings are less energy efficient and thus have a larger environmental footprint, architects and environmental specialists assert that the most eco-friendly building is the one that already exists. New construction typically has a more detrimental environmental impact, as it necessitates the procurement and transportation of brand-new materials over potentially lengthy distances, rather than utilizing recycled materials that are readily available on site. In essence, we recycle many other items in our daily lives, and the same principle should be applied to buildings. The act of preserving historical structures presents a multitude of opportunities; in stark contrast, demolition is an irreversible act. Once these architectural gems are lost, they are gone forever, severing an integral thread in our cultural tapestry that can never be regenerated. The decision to preserve or demolish is thus not merely one of aesthetics or economy, but also one of heritage and legacy. 41. What drives people to replace old buildings with new ones? A. Their dislike of old buildings. B. Their pride in cultural identity. C. Their concern about young generations. D. Their desire for modern comforts. 42. What does the example of Al Bastikiya show? A. Historic renovation costs much money. B. Local governments support small businesses. C. Historic preservation brings economic benefits. D. International tourism promises economic recovery. 43. What can be inferred about renovating old buildings from paragraph 3? A. It uses green materials. B. It damages architectural beauty. C. It reduces environmental impact. D. It worries environmental experts. 44. What is the author’s attitude towards historic preservation? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Objective. Passage 12 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东梅州·期末)I once held the conviction that the essence of the human spirit could only be captured through the medium of language. Literary creations, teeming with unique narratives, sculpted our perceptions of reality. It was language that framed the inquiries we pursued and the solutions to those inquiries. To me, words were paramount. That conviction underwent a transformation. During a routine mathematics lesson, my instructor posed a straightforward query: What is 0.99 rounded to the nearest integer? A simple task. When rounded, 0.99 equates to 1. Yet, I pondered the fact that, although 0.99 is a mere 0.01 shy of 1, that slight distinction remains. Doesn't such a minor difference imply a fundamental divergence? My educator addressed my query by introducing an alternative formulation: 1 is equivalent to 0.9, which can also be depicted as 1 equals 0.999999..., an infinite sequence without cessation. There was an enigmatic yet captivating quality to this mathematical statement. The left side was constant and absolute: it encompassed a finite number. On the right was the embodiment of perpetuity, a numeral in an unending cycle. Yet, these two contrasting entities were linked by an equals sign. While contemplating in repose, I mused on the equation's reflection of our existence. The left side of the equation symbolizes the immutable and lucid aspects of life. The definite, whole numbers representing the day of your birth and the day of your demise. However, there exists an interval between birth and death. The right side signifies a realm brimming with boundless potential and infinite prospects stretching into the unforeseen future. Thus, life embodies objectivity coupled with creativity. It is unyielding yet boundless. Life is akin to an equation with two facets that achieve equilibrium. Nevertheless, we seem perpetually unable to articulate it perfectly. Perhaps numbers are just as capable of conveying concepts as words. For now, let us embrace this notion: 1 equals 0.99999... and lead a life in accordance with it. 45. What does the author emphasize about words in paragraph 1? A. Their wide variety. B. Their literary origins. C. Their distinct sounds. D. Their expressive power. 46. What made the author find the equation fascinating? A. The repetition of a number. B. The way two different numbers are equal. C. The question the teacher raised. D. The difference between the two numbers. 47. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "mused" in paragraph 6? A. Measured. B. Composed. C. Mirrored. D. Influenced. 48. What is a suitable title for the text? A. The Perfect Equation B. Numbers Build Equations C. An Attractive Question D. Words Outperform Numbers ( 地 城 高频话题 02 饮食 / 健康 / 中国文化节日 / 著名人物 ( 记叙文 ) ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高二下·江西九江·期末)There was a little boy called Charlie Bucket, who lived together with his parents and four grandparents in a small wooden house on the edge of a great town. There was only one bed, which was given to the four old grandparents. Mr. and Mrs. Bucket and little Charlie Bucket slept in the other room, upon mattresses on the floor. In the summertime, this wasn’t too bad, but in the winter, freezing cold draughts(穿堂风) blew across the floor all night long, and it was awful. Mr. Bucket was the only person in the family with a job, working in a toothpaste factory. But a toothpaste cap-screwer is never paid very much money, and there wasn’t even enough to buy proper food for all of the family. The only meals they could afford were bread for breakfast, boiled potatoes and cabbage for lunch, and cabbage soup for supper. As a growing boy, Charlie desperately wanted something more filling and satisfying than cabbage and cabbage soup. The one thing he longed for more than anything else was… CHOCOLATE. Only once a year, on his birthday, did Charlie Bucket ever get to taste a bit of chocolate. The whole family saved up their money for that special occasion, and when the great day arrived, Charlie was always presented with one small chocolate bar to eat all by himself. And each time he received it, on those marvelous birthday mornings, he would place it carefully in a small wooden box that he owned; and for the next few days, he would allow himself only to look at it, but never to touch it. Then at last, when he could stand it no longer, he would peel back a tiny bit of the paper wrapping at one corner to expose a tiny bit of chocolate, and then he would take a tiny nibble — just enough to allow the lovely sweet taste to spread out slowly over his tongue. The next day, he would take another tiny nibble, and so on, and so on. And in this way, Charlie would make his six penny bar of birthday chocolate last him for more than a month. 1. What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. The big family. B. The freezing winter. C. The poor living conditions. D. The four old grandparents. 2. Why was Charlie desperate for chocolate? A. Because he never had it before. B. Because was greedy and selfish. C. Because he hated cabbage soup. D. Because he was always hungry. 3. Which word can replace the underlined word “nibble”? A. bite B. sniff C. piece D. bar 4. What can you infer about the family? A. They were ambitious. B. They almost starved to death. C. They liked chocolate. D. They cared about each other. Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东惠州·期末)Cai Lei, an individual who previously occupied the role of deputy head of the JD conglomerate, unveils the transformative journey that commenced upon receiving the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, commonly abbreviated as ALS, which propelled him towards a quest for a remedy. Emerging into the world in the year 1978 within the confines of a rural household dedicated to agriculture, Cai was profoundly impacted by the philosophy of his progenitor, which posited that an individual must engage in a struggle for self-advancement. From the earliest stages of his educational journey, he committed to rising at the break of dawn, prior to the arrival of the fifth hour, to partake in physical exertion and the study of the English language. By the age of twenty-nine, he had ascended to the position of principal fiscal overseer within Vanke Corporation. In the year 2011, he transitioned to the JD conglomerate, spearheading his squad in the innovation of the inaugural electronic fiscal document in the nation of China. Irrespective of the professional environment in which he found himself, he consistently endeavored to generate novel contributions of value. In the year 2019, he was confronted with the somber reality of an ALS diagnosis, an affliction that typically portends a lifespan of merely two to five years. ALS is predominantly attributed to the progressive demise of motor neurons, a condition that renders routine activities such as hydration, nourishment, personal hygiene, and verbal communication insurmountable challenges. Ultimately, the afflicted are compelled to depend entirely on mechanical assistance and the support of others for sustenance. To date, the therapeutic arsenal for ALS is limited to a mere duo of pharmaceuticals, the efficacy of which is confined to a marginal prolongation of life by several months, without any substantive enhancement in the quality of existence. The development of efficacious pharmaceuticals stands as the solitary avenue for the salvation of ALS sufferers. Nevertheless, the magnitude of exertion demanded, coupled with the financial infeasibility given the rarity of the condition, renders this endeavor one of Herculean proportions. The gestation period for the research and development of a novel pharmaceutical typically spans a decade to a decade and a half, with an associated financial outlay ranging from one to three billion dollars. For illustrative purposes, consider Alzheimer's disease; between the years 2000 and 2017, the investment in the development of new pharmaceuticals for this more prevalent ailment surpassed six hundred billion dollars, with a staggering 99.6% of the research endeavors on over three hundred drugs culminating in failure. Undeterred, Cai resolved to assume direct control over his fate. He initiated his own enterprise in the domain of medical technology, assembled a dedicated research cohort, and selflessly subjected himself to the trial of more than thirty experimental pharmaceuticals, all of which regrettably proved ineffective. Despite these setbacks, he remains steadfast in his resolve to persevere. In a final, desperate act, he has pledged to bequeath his cerebral cortex and spinal column to the pursuit of scientific inquiry, ensuring that his demise will not be in vain. 5. What kind of person is Cai Lei? A. Extremely gifted and ambitious. B. Hard-working and warm-hearted. C. Quite responsible and dependable. D. Highly motivated and strong-willed. 6. What might happen to people diagnosed with ALS? A. Losing the ability to think and speak normally. B. Maintaining a normal life by taking medicines. C. Dying within months of a confirmed diagnosis. D. Needing external assistance to survive in the end. 7. Why is Alzheimerˈs disease mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To talk about the severity of Alzheimer. B. To prove Alzheimer to be a common disease. C. To explain the difficulty of finding a cure for ALS. D. To ask for more investment in the research on ALS. 8. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Joint efforts to fight ALS B. A man who never gives in C. ASL, a rare deadly disease D. Suffering of a man with ALS Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东·期末)Mia, a pre-adolescent of twelve years, is currently embarking on an annual peregrination with her progenitors and trio of juvenile siblings, distant from their domicile in Quebec, Canada. The familial unit has partaken in equine excursions through the Mongolian steppes, navigated waterways in Cambodia via kayak, sojourned amidst the Namibian wilderness, and soared above the Turkish landscape in a hot air balloon, all in pursuit of a repository of experiences that may occur but once in their existence. These reminiscences hold profound significance as, barring a scientific marvel in the near term, the progeny are destined to succumb to blindness in their maturation. They have been afflicted with a malady that lacks efficacious intervention and possesses an indeterminate schedule, progressively depriving them of the faculty of vision. The revelations of their conditions emerged in 2015. In the face of sorrow, the parents were struck by Mia’s composure at the tender age of seven. She proclaimed the necessity to cultivate an environment of order within her chamber, ensuring that every object held its rightful place. “I shall require prescience of the location of all articles,” Mia articulated. “She is autonomously devising remedies,” the parents remarked to one another. “We must adhere to her guidance.” Consequently, the concept of a yearlong expedition was conceived, one designed to expose the offspring to the panorama of the globe, in a manner both direct and intimate — whilst their visual faculties remained intact. For the subsequent biennium, the progenitors have amassed financial resources and investigated prospective destinations. “The disparity in the perspectival apprehension of the world by adults and children is vast,” the matriarch, Edith, remarked. “Our journey must eschew a focus on religious monuments and institutions of learning, instead gravitating towards whatever captures their gaze.” As the odyssey commenced its conclusion in the nascent stages of 2023, the family had traversed 52,000 miles and traversed eighteen nations. Mia, elongated in stature and on the cusp of adolescence, sought greater autonomy. Her confreres in youth were transformed, exuding an enhanced air of assurance and sociability. The progeny were acutely conscious of the wealth of knowledge they had amassed. “Existence is replete with affliction and destitution, yet it is also abundant in virtue and intriguing phenomena. We ought to maintain a positive stance,” Mia pronounced. 9. What’s the probable function of the first paragraph? A. To lead in the story behind. B. To arouse the readers’ interest. C. To provide background information. D. To inform readers of a wonderful trip. 10. What can be inferred about the parents from paragraph 3 and 4? A. They are optimistic about the children’s disease. B. They are surprised at their daughter’s creative ideas. C. They are proud of their daughter’s courage to face difficulties. D. They are open-minded enough to respect their children’s decision. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The details about the year-long journey. B. The keen anticipation of Mia about the future. C. The changes of the kids physically and mentally. D. The impression Mia had of what she had experienced. 12. Which is the best title of the story? A. Seeing is believing. B. Making the most of the vision. C. Man who travels far knows more. D. The eyes are the window to the soul. Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高二下·湖北咸宁·期末)Alice Howland leads a busy life. She’s a famous professor of psychology at Harvard University and also in great demand as a speaker at seminars and conferences. As the story begins, Alice has traveled to Stanford University to give a talk. She begins sharing information that she has shared a thousand times before; she needs no notes. Then suddenly, a word escapes from her. The pause seems to last forever while she struggles to find the word. Finally, she clumsily uses the word “stuff” and continues, thinking the slip is due to the jet lag as she finishes her talk. Back home, Alice decides to go for a run. She follows a familiar route, but out of the blue(出乎意外) it isn’t familiar. She knows she is in Harvard Square but has no idea which way is home. She begins to panic. Then as suddenly as her sense of direction left her, it’s back again. She rapidly walks the distance to her house. Alice continues to experience other small mistakes now and then. But it isn’t until they become more and more frequent that she has a series of tests confirming that she has early-onset Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔兹海默症). As Alice’s condition worsens, she loses the ability to enjoy books and movies because she can no longer follow the plots. She doesn’t know how to spend her days. The once famous expert in linguistics(语言学), who was used to a busy schedule, suddenly has nothing really to do. She depends on her husband, John, and their three grown children, but she loses touch with everyone else. Although life was disappearing for Alice, it was moving on for her family. Anna, one of her daughters, has twins. Alice’s husband, a successful scientist in his own field, decides to accept a position in New York City and move there leaving Alice with their children. Not long before he leaves, John takes Alice to their beach house for one last vacation. While there, Alice has a clear moment and tells John that she remembers him and that she was smart once. John assures her that she is the smartest person he has ever known, and Alice replies that she misses herself. With John gone, a nurse comes to take care of Alice, who no longer recognizes her own children. Her daughters help care for her every day. 13. What does Alice think causes her mistake when giving a talk at Stanford University? A. The long plane trip. B. Her clumsiness. C. Her forgetting the notes. D. The busy schedule. 14. What does Alice feel when she first gets lost in her neighborhood? A. Embarrassed. B. Frightened. C. Thrilled. D. Annoyed. 15. How does Alice realize she may be ill? A. She can’t enjoy books and movies. B. She gets lost while jogging. C. Her husband decides to go to New York. D. She keeps forgetting familiar things. 16. Why does Alice say “she misses herself”? A. She can’t remember herself. B. She blames her husband. C. She is quite lonely every day. D. She feels sorry for herself. Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东深圳·期末)Growing up in a suburban neighborhood in the Northeastern United States, the advent of springtime didn’t hold much significance for me. While it did bring a week-long respite from school, the focus was more on the vacation aspect than the season itself. For the children in my community, spring was largely an overlooked period. The year was divided into two primary seasons: winter, which offered the thrill of ice skating, sledding, and constructing snow forts; and summer, which allowed us to fully enjoy the beach located a short distance from my home. Spring and autumn were merely transitional periods, marking the countdown to the more exciting seasons. It’s true that as I matured, spring began to hold a certain charm for me, as suggested by the poetic line, “In the spring a young man’s fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love,” penned by Alfred Lord Tennyson. However, my fascination was more with the romantic notions associated with the season rather than the season itself. In essence, spring was not a season I paid much heed to... until my journey to China. After spending roughly three months in Beijing, my first Spring Festival made its presence known in an undeniable way. The sporadic fireworks throughout the day and night were a clear indication, but what truly struck me was the apparent absence of the usual hustle and bustle in the city. The usual throngs of people, streams of vehicles, and the general city noise seemed to have vanished. This mystery was resolved upon my return to work. My colleagues enlightened me that it is customary for Chinese people to travel, if necessary, to reunite with their families during the Spring Festival. Many residents of Beijing are not originally from the capital. Furthermore, I was introduced to a fascinating aspect of the Spring Festival that continues to astonish me. Regardless of when the holiday commences, there is an almost instantaneous and perceptible improvement in the weather. Spring truly makes its entrance. The ancient Chinese ability to devise a system that could consistently and accurately herald the change of seasons, year after year, is beyond my comprehension. Yet, they managed to achieve this remarkable feat. 17. What did the author think of spring as a child? ______ A. It was a season full of promise. B. It was always beyond his imagination. C. It was a tiring and long holiday. D. It hardly left a good impression on him. 18. What impressed the author most about Beijing during the Spring Festival? ______ A. The busy traffic. B. The unexpected quietness. C. Beijingers’ love for travel. D. Occasional bursts of fireworks. 19. How does the author feel about the system created by ancient Chinese? ______ A. Adorable. B. Confused. C. Wonderful. D. Convenient. 20. What can be inferred from the text? ______ A. Spring Festival in Beijing will make one feel quite lonely. B. The author spent his first Spring Festival at a colleague’s home. C. In China Spring Festival always indicates the coming of Spring. D. The author still worked during the Spring Festival while in Beijing. Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东·期末)Canadian author Alice Munro, a master of the contemporary short story, passed away on May 13, 2024, at 92. Munro’s texts featured depictions of everyday but decisive events, pulling vast themes out of ordinary settings. Her characters often mirrored her own rural Ontario lifestyle. In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. “I don’t think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,” she said. “As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.” Munro’s first short story was published when she was 37, a college dropout squeezing in writing time around her children’s naps. By the time she was in her 60s, she had become one of the most celebrated short-story writers in the world. Throughout her long career, she hardly ever failed to wow readers and critics with her quietly powerful language. In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote “A Munro story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes(滋养) us almost as much as a novel does.” In a literary culture that tends to celebrate novels over shorter fiction, Munro has been a constant advocate for the power of the short story. In the interview, Munro emphasized the significance of her win not for herself, but for her art form: “I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you play around with until you get a novel written.” When asked “Do you want young women to be inspired by your books and feel inspired to write?” Munro replied, “I don’t care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways.” 21. Why did Munro feel free to write while living in rural areas? A. She was inspired by rural landscape and lifestyles. B. She was free from stress of a more cultured setting. C. She had more courage to compete with urban writers. D. She had access to ordinary people and decisive events. 22. What did Alan Cheuse say about Munro’s stories in Dear Life? A. They promote readers’ mental well-being. B. They have broken the length limit of short stories. C. They impress readers with quietly powerful language. D. They offer richness and depth in shorter format. 23. How did Munro view the short story in literary culture? A. It is more powerful than novels. B. It is a way of entertainment for young writers. C. It is as important an art form as novels. D. It is an inspiration for young writers. 24. What did Munro want readers to get by reading her books? A. Inspiration to become writers themselves. B. Enjoyment and connection to their own lives. C. Pleasure and motivation to change their lives. D. Information about art forms and literary culture. Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高二下·江苏镇江·期末)For generations, the name Milton Hershey has been a well-known word closely connected with fine chocolate products throughout the country and around the world. He was born in 1857 on a farm near Derry Church, a small Pennsylvania community. Frequent family moves interrupted his schooling and left him with limited education. He only completed the fourth grade. Following a four-year apprenticeship(学徒期) with a Lancaster candy maker, he established his first candy-making business in Philadelphia. That initial effort failed as did his next two attempts in Chicago and New York. However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business. Returning to Lancaster in 1883, Hershey established the Lancaster Caramel Company, which quickly became an outstanding success. It was this business that established him as a candy maker and set the stage for future achievements. Hershey became fascinated with German chocolate-making machinery exhibited at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. He bought the equipment for his Lancaster plant and soon began producing various chocolate creations. Then in 1900, he sold the Lancaster Caramel Co. in order to focus entirely on his chocolate business. Three years later, Hershey returned to Derry Church to build a new factory. There he could obtain the large supplies of fresh milk needed to perfect and produce fine milk chocolate. Through trial and error, he created his own formula for milk chocolate. In 1903 he began construction on what was to become the world’s largest chocolate plant. After its completion, Hershey's milk chocolate quickly became the first nationally marketed product of its kind. With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. The town of Hershey continues to be a special place for its residents and a popular at action for millions of visitors each year. Indeed, Milton Hershey's achievements do speak for themselves. 25. What stopped Hershey from having systematic school education? A. His family’s continual relocation. B. His lack of interest in study. C. His failure to meet school requirements. D. His parents’ attaching little value to education. 26. Why did Hershey sell his Lancaster plant? A. The plant had suffered a huge loss. B. The produced candies were of low quality. C. His machinery business needed a lot of money. D. He decided to commit himself to chocolate production. 27. Which of the following best describes Hershey? A. Gentle and open-minded. B. Determined and public-spirited. C. Honest and generous. D. Humorous and creative. 28. What can be the most suitable title for the text? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Many hands make light work. C. Impossible is nothing to a willing heart. D. Great hopes and good wills make great man. Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高二下·浙江温州·期末)Pablo Picasso, born in 1881 in Malaga, was an active artist for most of his long life. His father, an artist himself, was his first and most formative art teacher. Picasso had one of the most fruitful and creative careers in history. Picasso went through many creative periods in his career. His “Blue Period” started in 1901, when one of his dear friends, a painter and poet named Carlos, passed away in a cafe in Paris. Picasso was deeply affected, and sank into a depression that lasted several years. In 1904, Picasso moved to Montmartre in Paris, and settled into the community of artists and creators there. Coming out of his depression, Picasso moved on from dark and serious subjects in his paintings to more lighthearted compositions featuring harlequins, clowns and carnival performers. His color palette(调色盘) warmed up as well, with his paintings now bathed in reds, oranges, pinks and earth tones. This period was known as Picasso’s “Rose Period” and it lasted until 1906. From 1906 to 1909 Picasso was heavily inspired by African art, after he was exposed to traditional African masks(面具) and other art objects coming from Africa into French museums in Paris. This stage was called his “African Period”, and was a precursor(先驱) to his most famous period, “Cubism”. Influenced by Paul Cezanne’s experimentation with three-dimensional spacing and perspective on art, Picasso and Georges Braque led the artistic movement known as Cubism. This way of breaking down a form to its most basic forms and reconstructing them in an abstracted way is what Picasso is most known for. Throughout his life, Picasso took inspiration from everywhere in his life, whether it be working through his emotions, responding to a difficult life event, or the works of his fellow artists. In turn, his life’s works have inspired and influenced millions of people around the world and forever changed the history of art. 29. Which event caused Picasso’s “Blue Period”? A. His moving to Paris. B. The death of his friend. C. The influence of his father. D. The infection of a serious disease. 30. What can we learn from the text? A. Picasso’s paintings were warm-colored before 1906. B. Picasso went to Africa for new ideas in the 1900s. C. Picasso was the pioneer in the use of 3D techniques. D. Picasso’s painting style changed with his life experience. 31. What’s purpose of this text? A. To show the difficulties Picasso met with in his life. B. To explore when Picasso’s paintings stood out. C. To introduce how Picasso got inspired for his art. D. To tell the way Picasso’s success has influenced the world. 32. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A guidebook. B. A book review. C. A news report. D. A biography. Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高二下·江西·期末)Terry Eugene Bollea, also known as Hulk Hogan, has inspired people for a very long time. Born on August 11, 1953, in Georgia, Hogan had a destiny that aimed for the stars. Terry always had an interest in wrestling, and he further developed the passion during high school. He gained his education at the Hillsborough Community College and then later on from the University of South Florida. In order to pursue his goal, Hulk joined the local gym which was owned by brothers Jack and Jerry Brisco. Astonished by his performance, the brothers motivated him to perform even further. It was in 1979 when his hard work paid off and he was noticed by Vincent McMahon — the promoter of the World Wrestling Federation. McMahon gave Terry a chance to join the WWF and he accepted it. Because of his huge physique and unbelievable similarity to the Marvel Comics character “Hulk”, he took the advice of McMahon and adopted the stage name of Hulk Hogan. To test his flexibility and strength, Hulk Hogan was pitted against(对决) Andre the Giant in 1980. Hogan won the match, alongside the hearts of fans all over the country. It is after this match that he caught the attention of Sylvester Stallone, who actually cast him in his movie Rocky 3. During his career, he became a world champion more than 12 times and earned exhilarating(令人兴奋的) fame for himself. He also starred in many movies and TV shows including his own TV show — Hogan Knows Best. Currently, Netflix is planning to release a biopic(传记) movie of Hulk Hogan starring Chris Hemsworth. Hulk Hogan is America’s most recognized wrestler, and it took him a lot of time and hard work to be in that position. He attained such a crazy fan following known as “Hulkamania” in so little time. Hogan is one of the legendary American Icons now. He also won 12 world titles. Six of them were with World Championship Wrestling and the other six were with World Wrestling Entertainment. 33. Why did Terry adopt “Hulk” as his stage name? A. McMahon ordered him to do so. B. For his high similarity with the character. C. For his superb performance in wrestling. D. He was crazy about the Marvel Comics. 34. What was the impact of the match between Hulk and Andre? A. Hulk became as popular as Stallone. B. Hulk successfully took Andre’s place. C. Hulk was appreciated and given a chance. D. Hulk received gifts from all over the country. 35. What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 4? A. To show Hulk’s great achievements. B. To tell Hulk have earned countless money. C. To promote Hulk’s movies and TV shows. D. To call for making a biopic movie for Hulk. 36. What can we know about Hulk’s success? A. His crazy fans aid in his success. B. He’s the best wrestler in the world. C. It is his appearance that really matters. D. He’s won titles in many wrestling matches. Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高二下·山东聊城·期末)Katalin Kariku along with her colleague Drew Weissman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023 for the development of mRNA technology. Kariku was born in January 1955, in a small village in Hungary. She had an ambition from early on to become a scientist. As a young adult, she became interested in messenger RNA, which carries DNA instructions to the protein-making engine of cells. She hoped that mRNA could play a key role in the treatment of various diseases. It became her mission to make her dream a reality to help cure patients. However, Kariku faced a shortage of funding for her research in her country, and she then faced the choice of stopping and doing something not connected to her mission or continuing her research at the price of having to leave her country. After searching for posts and scholarships worldwide, Kariku accepted an offer from Temple University in Philadelphia for a postdoctoral fellowship. Kariku and her husband gave up everything they had in their homeland and bought a one-way ticket to the U. S., where they knew no one. She was initially on track to become a full professor but received repeated fund rejections. Undeterred by the problems and challenges, she chose to continue her research. By focusing on what mattered to her every day, she “accidentally” met her work partner Dre w Weissman who was also interested in mRNA. They teamed up to work on mRNA and published papers about their groundbreaking discovery for years. Then the pandemic hit the world. The changed mRNA technology Kariku and Weissman invented was then used in vaccines(疫苗) that prevented the infection effectively. Kariku’s life is a testament(证明) to finding one’s passion and then pursuing it every single day. Many of us know what we are fond of, but we are not good self-motivators on a daily basis. 37. What can we learn about Kariku from paragraph 2? A. She had a tolerant mind. B. She longed to be a doctor. C. She was fond of world tours. D. She had a clear sense of purpose. 38. What does the underlined part “Undeterred by” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Not discouraged by. B. Being unaware of. C. Not motivated by. D. Being ashamed of. 39. What is probably the main contribution of Kariku? A. Simplifying the mRNA technology. B. Making the structure of mRNA clear. C. Developing a vaccine for a serious disease. D. Laying the groundwork for mRNA vaccines. 40. What lesson can we learn from Kariku’s success? A. Nothing seek, nothing find. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. D. Necessity is the mother of invention. ( 地 城 高频话题 03 人与动植物 ( 记叙文 ) ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东深圳·期末)Upon my arrival at Falconwood Apiary, Kaat Kaye is already engrossed in the meticulous inspection of the apian domiciles, oblivious to my arrival. I find myself privy to her soft murmurings directed towards the bees, their mellifluous drone resonating through the atmosphere, interspersed with her gentle words of encouragement and compromise. Kaye was born with profound auditory impairment. Although she has the capacity to perceive sounds with the aid of auditory prosthetics, she often dispenses with them during her labors. “Acoustic sensations are alien to my experience,” she elucidates. “I revel in the tranquility and stillness. In the company of bees, aural perception is superfluous. My concentration is heightened when not beset by incessant auditory distractions.” Adorned with naught but her cowl, apiarian instrument, and device for the emission of smoke, Kaye proceeds with a measured and deliberate gait. In contrast, I am excessively attired, having donned a comprehensive protective garment for our encounter. She advises me to shed the gloves I’ve brought along and directs me to a position that will minimize the agitation of the bees. Kaye’s tender and cautious methodology instills a sense of calm in my presence among her charges. As our time together accrues, my admiration for Kaye’s fervor for apiculture and the manner in which her auditory limitations have sculpted her distinctive methodology deepens. In her vocation, she champions organic apicultural practices that minimize the utilization of chemical treatments. Moreover, she gathers all the requisite intelligence for the stewardship of the hives by depending on her non-auditory senses. Perhaps most notably, what renders Kaye an extraordinary apiarist is almost metaphysical. Excelling in her vocation is inextricably linked to adaptability, navigating the myriad uncertainties that emerge on any given day. Is precipitation excessive? Scarce? When will the flora reach full bloom? Will it yield a bountiful harvest of honey? She responds with alacrity, ensuring not to disrupt the bees’ cadence and equilibrium. “There is a profound, almost spiritual dimension to the craft of beekeeping,” she remarked. “You cannot exert absolute dominion over them, akin to any element of the natural world, indeed. Some years bestow upon us an abundant honey harvest. Other years are fraught with adversity, resulting in the loss of half of the hive. There is considerable sorrow but also considerable delight, too, in simply toiling in the great outdoors with these sentient beings — a living, complex superorganism.” 1. Why does Kaye work without hearing aids? A. To feel at ease. B. To better concentrate. C. To reduce dependence on them. D. To avoid the humming noise of the bees. 2. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Kaye knows the bees very well. B. A protective suit is necessary for Kaye. C. Losing hearing brings trouble to Kaye’s work. D. The author is too frightened to follow Kaye’s instructions. 3. What matters most for Kaye to become an exceptional beekeeper? A. Her remarkable honey production. B. Her natural beekeeping techniques. C. Her knowledge on weather conditions. D. Her capability of handling daily uncertainties. 4. What is Kaye like? A. Creative and brave. B. Passionate and skilled. C. Deaf but ambitious. D. Heartbroken but determined. Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东惠州·期末)I used to want to be a zookeeper, but after becoming a wildlife rescue worker, I found that this work is even more valuable than I thought. Not only can I help injured wild animals, but I can also facilitate their return to the wild. We make every effort to accomplish this goal: hiding food under rocks and fallen leaves to simulate(模拟) a natural environment, or doing our best to maintain some distance from the animals and prevent them from bonding with humans. I am often asked whether I feel at all sad when it’s time to release the animals — to tell you the truth, I’m always pretty willing to let them go. All of my efforts have been toward allowing them to return to the wild, and the wild is where they belong, so there’s no reason for reluctance on my part. But it is true that sometimes there is no way for an animal to go back to the wild, or to keep it from bonding with humans. Last year, I rescued a light-vented bulbul(白头鹎). The bird, initially lacking feathers, recovered under our care. It was scheduled for release during its adolescent period, during which it’s relatively easy to socialize. But an injury to its flight feathers delayed its return to the wild. The bird imprinted on humans during the following two months, which was a critical cognitive(认知的) development period, leading it to return to us after being released. When we engage in wildlife rescue, we have to teach animals how to maintain a high degree of caution around humans. If they become too trusting of humans, it is very likely that way, our success depends not on the animals, or on our work here, but more so on the attitude humans would not be a bad thing, and our release attempt could then be successful. 5. What do we know about the author’s job? A. It was his initial career choice. B. It forbids close interaction with animals. C. It mainly aims to cure the injured animals. D. It involves both rescue and release efforts. 6. Which of the following best describes the author’s feeling to release the rescued animals? A. Ambitious. B. Cheerful. C. Sorrowful. D. Anxious. 7. Which is closest in meaning to “imprinted on” in paragraph 3? A. Was attached to. B. Was aware of. C. Was sensitive to. D. Was cautious of. 8. What is the key to the success of wildlife rescue work? A. Animals’ faith in humans. B. Human’s knowledge in the work. C. Human’s attitude towards animals. D. Animals’ ability to survive in the wild. Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东茂名·期末)She came into my life when I was eight years old. My dad found her. She was getting lost and starving. He took one look at her, opened the door and she jumped in. Mom and Dad fed her and gave her a bath. As a girl, I had always wanted a dog. My parents told me when I was old enough and responsible, I could have one. When I got home, I was greeted with many puppy kisses. A very special friendship was born that day. Now she needed a name. My older brother laughed at her and said her tail was deformed. It didn’t wag its tail back and forth, instead, it went in a circle. He said, “She’s squirrely.”Thus my puppy, Squirrely got her name. Squirrely was a smart dog. I taught her to play hide and seek. We would play for hours, spending our days learning and growing together. Eleven years we were together, best of friends. Arthritis(关节炎) and old age set in on her. My parents knew what had to be done, but they stood back and let me make the decision myself. She was suffering so much and the medicine didn’t help. She could barely walk. I looked into those deep brown eyes and realized it was time to let her go. I carried her into the pet doctor’s office and placed her on the table. Squirrely leaned her head forward and gave a lick to my hand, as if to say she understood. Her tail was wagging in that circle as it always did. When the pet doctor said “It’s over”, I wrapped her up in her favorite blanket, and carried her out. I buried her in the farm, where she loved playing and chasing rabbits. I know that special friend will be with me always. 9. What does the underlined word “squirrely” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Strange. B. Cute. C. Active. D. Energetic. 10. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs? A. The author’s parents didn’t like the puppy. B. The author wasn’t responsible when she was young. C. The author’s brother gave the puppy a name on purpose. D. The author and the puppy loved each other at first sight. 11. Why did the author realize it was time to let her pet go? A. Her dog didn’t eat anything any more. B. Her dog had serious illness and suffered. C. Her dog didn’t play hide and seek with her. D. Her parents asked her to make the decision. 12. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show how she trained her dog. B. To explain how she got a smart dog. C. To tell her deep friendship with her dog. D. To describe the final days she spent with her dog. Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高二下·河北沧州·期末)Leaving the comfort of my homeland to a foreign land felt like jumping into the unknown. Tall buildings stood high, traffic roared(咆哮), and faces passed quickly, each more unfamiliar than the last. Culture shock took hold of me, its cold hold taking away the happiness from my days. In search of warmth, I found a local animal shelter, a place where I could find some of the comfort I wanted. The shelter was filled with the sounds of barks and meows, a group of animals wanting to connect. There, I met a poor kitten, with eyes that showed the same desire I felt. We quickly became friends, and soon my time was centered around visits to the shelter. One afternoon, as I held the kitten, I started to read out loud from an old book in my bag. Amazingly, the noise quieted down, replaced by quiet attention. The animals, including my furry(毛茸茸的) friend, became calm, watching me closely. Curious about how reading made the animals calm, I. made it a normal habit during my time at the shelter. The stories, from playful to meaningful, connected us. Each reading was a calming routine, a quiet moment in the middle of noise. Slowly, I learned from these kind animals. They taught me to wait patiently as they got used to me. They showed me the importance of just being there and feeling safe when someone reads to them. As time passed, I felt less like a stranger in this new place. The shelter turned into my safe place, the animals, my new family. The kitten, especially, was a sign of hope, showing me that even when things change, some things stay the same. By helping these animals, I got a sense of being part of a community, relief from my loneliness, and learned about love that everyone can understand. As I read to them, I saw my own life story change, not about being out of place but about finding a home in surprising places. 13. How did the writer initially feel about the change in environment? A. Excited. B. Relieved. C. Curious. D. Uneasy. 14. What was the writer’s primary reason for visiting the animal shelter? A. To adopt a lovely pet. B. To offer volunteer services. C. To learn more about the local culture. D. To find a sense of comfort and belonging. 15. How did the animals react to the writer’s reading? A. They became calmer and more attentive. B. They were confused by the reading. C. They became more restless and noisy. D. They maintained their usual activities. 16. What did the writer learn from interacting with the animals? A. The need for a daily routine. B. The importance of patience and love. C. The necessity for comfortable living space. D. The value of exploring new cultural experiences. Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高二下·浙江衢州·期末)As my wife puts it, “Animals have overtaken our lives.” I was on the air last week when Daisy, our dog, ate a bittersweet chocolate bar heartily. We hide chocolate from her; it can be dangerous for dogs. But Daisy is the Hercule Poirot of hidden sweets. An empty wrapper in her mouth told the tale. Our family rushed Daisy to a vet clinic, where — well, I’ll spare you the details. Daisy is fine now, but our hearts are just restarting. We are also caring for a huge, white cat we’ve named Gato Blanco. He claws furniture on his hind(后部的) legs, like Catzilla tearing down a Tokyo bridge. Every chair in our apartment is now covered with sheets, towels, or plastic wrap. We keep a window open, no matter the weather, because one of our daughters is allergic to cats. But she wants to keep Gat o close, even as he knocks photos, flowers, pens and my microphone off tables, with a smart forehand. Our feline lodger(猫科房客) also climbed onto a planter outside our apartment and strolled over to the other side of the building, seven floors up. Is that Spider-Man? No-it’s Gato! Daisy the dog sits beneath our dinner table, quivering and blinking her large, dew y eyes. Some of us may let a few pieces of food fall her way from time to time. We can’t let her get too excited, though, because she has a tendency to... well, more details to spare. We keep towels handy for such episodes of excitement. Gato Blanco, meanwhile, leaps onto our table. But not to eat, just to hang with the cool kids, our daughters. “Hey, how was your day,” I imagine him saying. “We gonna watch something after dinner?” Our family may complain as we sneeze, mop, and search the floor for our missing pens. But we also hold our animals close as they help us laugh, marvel, and care for them, and for each other. Our lives have been overtaken by our animals. And we’re having a troublesome and wonderful time. 17. What do we know about Daisy? A. She is allergic to cats. B. She has a heart problem. C. She doesn’t get excited easily. D. She is good at finding sweets. 18. What can Gat o do? A. Fly like Spider-Man. B. Make a mess of the room. C. Talk like a real human. D. Tear down a Tokyo bridge. 19. Which of the words can best describe the writer’s feeling towards their animals? A. Bittersweet. B. Concerned. C. Content. D. Depressed. 20. What is the purpose of the text? A. To warn readers against keeping pets at home. B. To give advice on what species of animals to buy. C. To share their stories and feelings about keeping pets. D. To entertain readers with dark humour jokes about pets. Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高二下·安徽黄山·期末)Zlotkowski, a high school girl who lives on Isleboro Island, off Maine’s midcoast, spent her summer helping her mom Kimberly sell seafood at their local farmers’ market. It was there that they met another vendor(小贩) selling homemade goat cheese. A quick taste and the family fell in love with it. “Mom. let’s get some goats so we can have cheese,” said Zlotkowski. Understandably, her mom wasn’t sold on the idea, but it happened that Kimberly was looking to clear some land. Zlotkowski saw her opening. “Goats eat a lot of plants that other livestock(牲畜) won’t touch. They’re also able to access brushy areas that are inaccessible to some larger equipment, and they naturally fertilize(施肥) while they work,” Zlotkowski explained to her mother. Then she suggested, “Why not get some goats to clear the land, and we would also benefit from their milk and cheese?” Kimberly got on board, and Grazy Goat Girls was born. Over the fall, Zlotkowski acquired five goats, and she has been getting the animals adapted to their new environment. She has let the goats clear some of her mom’s land in a safe and eco-friendly manner, inspecting their progress and timing, to help her handle inquiries from people throughout the region about clearing their properties. With two years left of high school, Zlotkowski is growing her landscaping business slowly, balancing the goats with seeing her friends and attending school activities. She wants to see how big she can make Grazy Goat Girls before leaving for college. When she’s not there, Zlotkowski will have to find someone to care for her goats until she can come back. “After college, I’m hoping I can come back and start a farm,” says Zlotkowski. 21. What impressed Zlotkowski at the local market? A. Working as a vendor was no easy job. B. Homemade goat cheese was delicious. C. Seafood was less popular than cheese. D. Many vendors sold homemade goat cheese. 22. What does the underlined phrase “wasn’t sold on” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Seemed uninterested in. B. Becane impatient with. C. Seemed attracted by. D. Became influenced by. 23. What can we infer about Grazy Goat Girls? A. It has made a big name in the neighbourhood. B. It has led to dissatisfaction throughout the region. C. It has failed to balance business with academics. D. It has helped clear land in a sustainable way. 24. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Zlotkowski: a student who saves local livestock B. Raising goats: an emerging trend on the market C. Zlotkowski: a schoolgirl-turned-landscaper D. Grazy Goat Girls: a teenager-inspired workshop Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高二下·山东东营·期末)One afternoon, as we approached a mine from the air, a crew of panicked miners went running into the forest. As I followed their progress, something caught my eye: two macaws, flying away like crazy. After we landed, I found macaw feathers, yellow and blue, hanging on a string from a pole in the camp. Cabral shook his head and said that the miners must have hunted and eaten the bird, “The animals Die a silent death,” he said mournfully. For a public servant, Cabral is unusually outspoken — at least on Instagram, where his account is devoted to strongly criticizing animal cruelty. At the camp, Finger told Cabral that he had found signs of an active site deeper in the forest. We followed him,moving silently along a path through the woods. As we advanced, we could hear a dog barking. There in a clearing was a wooden hut, abandoned except for a black dog, yowling miserably. Then we heard a strange noise from a box next to the hut. Cabral lifted a plastic cover, revealing a mass of puppies, just a few days old. He picked up a couple and held them, then walked to a shelf where the miners had been drying wildlife meat. He threw a piece to the mother dog, which began wolfing it. Early in his career, Cabral acquired the nickname Rambo, but it seemed mostly like a joke. He had taken up armed patrols(巡逻) only in service of wildlife conservation,his lifelong passion. He came from Juiz de Fora, a city in Brazil’s central part, and spent his childhood immersed in nature, watching wildlife programs and reading about animals. “This is all I ever wanted to do,” he told me. He earned a degree in biology and another in ecology, then joined IBAMA, a branch of the environment ministry that protects threatened ecosystems. In 2013, Cabral secured approval to build a unit of rangers (护林员) who were committed to saving the environment, by force if necessary. 25. Why did the miners get so panicked that they ran into the forest? A. Because they mined illegally. B. Because they mistook “us” as invaders. C. Because they killed animals cruelly. D. Because they camped without permission. 26. What was Cabral’s career? A. Fighting against evils like Rambo. B. Protecting wildlife, by force if necessary. C. Volunteering in service of wildlife conservation. D. Filming wildlife programs in nature. 27. What do we know about IMAMA? A. It centered on wildlife protection. B. It originally built a unit of armed rangers. C. It was co-founded by Cabral. D. It worked as branch of a non-profit organization. 28. Which can best describe Cabral? A. Passionate and devoted. B. Smart and straightforward. C. Cooperative and courageous. D. Intelligent and knowledgeable. Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高二下·湖北·期末)A few years ago, I was leaving the dog shelter where I worked only to find a baby goat at the end of the driveway. The shelter’s owners are known as animal rescuers, and I figured someone had abandoned him over the fence. The kid was visibly nervous but stood perfectly still as I approached. I’m an animal lover and I’ve brought home dogs, cats, horses, and chickens, but never a goat. The tiny kid was too adorable to resist. I named him Quincy, and with the help of some experienced friends, bottle-fed him in my bathroom. Quincy proved to be quite sharp-witted. When he was about a week old, I knocked on the bathroom floor and said “lie down”. I was astonished when he dropped down. I was even more amazed when he did it three times in a row. A quick study! Quincy learned to lie down, bow, and turn in a circle in no time. He is house-trained, jumps in the back of my SUV when I say “load up”, and spends the day wandering with my dogs, whom he considers his fellow goats. He knows the name of everything I feed him, and even joins us for trips to the dog park. I love to train animals and often take my dogs to shows where they can perform their tricks. Quincy did his first show when he was just six weeks old. He knew only a few tricks then, but he did them perfectly and never misbehaved or got nervous in front of the crowd. Now he has a whole inventory(清单): he’ll come when called, walk on a string, wave, smile for the camera (“Say cheese!”), and more. Quincy and my dogs perform regularly at schools, nursing homes, and charity events. Quincy can even “read” his tricks off cards, which always earns the most applause. It’s hard to believe that the baby goat nobody wanted turned out to be one of the smartest and most good-natured animals I’ve ever had. He’s by far the sharpest of my bunch—just don’t tell the dogs! 29. Why did the author decide to adopt the goat? A. It touched his heart. B. He could only find a goat. C. A goat was always his favorite. D. Some experienced friends convinced him. 30. What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Brave. B. Gentle. C. Innocent. D. Intelligent. 31. How does the author present the baby goat’s ability? A. By citing figures. B. By listing examples. C. By making a comparison. D. By drawing a diagram. 32. Which words can best describe the author? A. Generous and modest. B. Cautious and smart. C. Humorous and warm-hearted. D. Optimistic and creative. Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高二下·湖南益阳·期末)When Ariel Cordova rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. A mile into her walk, she spotted a beautiful female mute swan near the water’s edge. Cordova, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund recovery center, knew that mute swans can be aggressive(侵略性的). But as she approached this one, it didn’t move. She was certain that the bird needed medical attention. Cordova draped(披，悬挂) her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, carefully picked it up, and held it gently in her arms. She was wondering how to transport a 17-pound swan on her bike to the recovery center when, luckily, some confused strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station. Cordova called the recovery center on the way, and Tristan, an animal care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove the bird, the bike, and the rescuer to the facility(场所). There, staff members determined that the swan might have lead(铅) poisoning. Sadly, even with all that tender loving care, the swan got contracted, which caused her passed away two months after being rescued. It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Cordova traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway. “That’s the perfect summary of who she is,” says Tristan. 33. What made Cordova believe the bird needed medical attention? A. Its careful move. B. Its aggressive nature. C. Its unusual behavior. 34. How did Cordova finally get to the recovery center? A. She walked two hours. B. A manager took her by car. C. Some stranger picked her up. 35. What does the underlined word “contracted” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Infected. B. Rescued. C. Killed. 36. Which of the following can best describe Cordova? A. Caring. B. Demanding. C. Professional. Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高二下·湖南张家界·期末)Craig Foster was diving off the southern-most tip of Africa when he saw her — an octopus(章鱼) hiding under shells and stones. Attracted, he began following this incredibly shy creature, trying to prove he wasn’t an enemy by staying very still in her presence. For weeks she escaped him: hiding in her cave, masking herself, or pushing her liquid body into the nearest crack. And then, after 26 days, she reached out and touched him. Foster was able to have intimate(亲密的) moments of this octopus’ short life by spending up to two hours following her every day for a year. Foster said if you gained the trust of an animal over a period of months, it would actually ignore you to a certain degree, carry on with its normal life and allow you to step inside its secret world. The most powerful moment for Foster was when she allowed him to follow her on a hunt. It was not like arriving upon a hunting scene in a Jeep on land. In the water it was intimate. When she chose to let him go into her world, it was a very, very special moment of not just being accepted, but that his presence to her also felt natural, like he belonged in that space with her. Foster has spent the last ten years diving to relieve his depression. Putting himself in this underwater world has calmed his mind. Over the years, other animals also have reached out to make contact, including otters, whales, cuttlefish and even sharks. But nothing has compared to his “once-in-a-lifetime” bond with the octopus. Foster says the greatest lesson she taught him is that humans are part of the natural world around us, and not simply visitors. Our role in the natural world is the most precious gift we have been given. 37. How did Craig Foster deal with the octopus? A. By protecting her from enemies. B. By controlling her moving range. C. By keeping observing her quietly. D. By feeding her with her favorite food. 38. Which word can best describe Craig Foster? A. Ambitious. B. Cooperative. C. Patient. D. Energetic. 39. What can be learned about the octopus according to the text? A. She was the only animal that contacted Foster. B. She got used to the presence of Foster gradually. C. She regarded Foster as the most experienced hunter. D. She paid no attention to Foster throughout the contact. 40. What is the purpose of Craig Foster’s years of diving? A. To deal with his mental problem. B. To reach out to make contact with ocean animals. C. To explore the secret of the creatures under the water. D. To look for his once-in-a-lifetime bond with the octopus. 1 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解(议论文+记叙文) ( 地 城 高频话题 01 科学技术 / 环境保护 / 社会问题和社会现象 ( 议论文 ) ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高二下·河北石家庄·期末)Have you ever conducted a job interview through video? Do you work remotely and mostly communicate with your colleagues through technologies like Microsoft Teams or Slack? Technologies are rapidly changing how, when, and where we work. But what impact do they have on our work motivation? We recently reviewed the research done to answer this question and unfortunately, the news is not so good. For the most part, technologies have worsened the satisfaction of our psychological needs when we work. They are robbing us of our feelings of control and freedom because they monitor us and tell us what and how to do our work; sometimes they also pressure us to work faster. And they are decreasing our chances to create meaningful relationships with colleagues. To fix and avoid these issues in the future, we have concluded from this review that we need to advocate for the use of psychological knowledge when designing technologies to be used in work environments. Psychologists are well equipped to advise how to design and use technologies in ways that will maintain or even improve the design of our work. Work is considered to be well-designed when it gives us some decision-making power, provides us with performance feedback, and allows us to connect with colleagues not only to increase relatedness but also to see the impact our work has on stakeholders(利益相关者). Good work design makes our work more meaningful. Why is this important? Because work motivation that stems from meaning and enjoyment will be increasingly important in the future of work. Indeed, as work environments and career tracks become more dynamic and precarious, we need workers to be more active and flexible for the changeable situation. And motivation through meaning and enjoyment makes people more active and flexible. So, when you hear your employer wants to introduce new technologies in your workplace, ask them if they have used the service of psychology experts. It will ensure your work keeps being designed in a way that will make it meaningful and enjoyable. 1. According to the recent research review, how do technologies affect our work? A. They decrease our working efficiency. B. They increase our psychological needs. C. They improve our relationships with colleagues. D. They reduce our work motivation for creativity. 2. What does the author suggest for introducing technologies in work? A. Updating technical equipment. B. Consulting psychology experts. C. Reviewing the former research. D. Improving the design of our work. 3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The process of good work design. B. The potential decision-making power. C. The characteristic of well-designed work. D. The meaning of connection with colleagues. 4. What does the underlined word “precarious” mean in paragraph 5? A. Uncertain. B. Unavoidable. C. Rewarding. D. Straightforward. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了技术对我们工作动机的影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“For the most part, technologies have worsened the satisfaction of our psychological needs when we work. They are robbing us of our feelings of control and freedom because they monitor us and tell us what and how to do our work; sometimes they also pressure us to work faster. And they are decreasing our chances to create meaningful relationships with colleagues. (在大多数情况下，技术恶化了我们工作时心理需求的满足。他们剥夺了我们的控制感和自由感，因为他们监视我们并告诉我们做什么以及如何做我们的工作；有时他们也会迫使我们更快地工作。它们正在减少我们与同事建立有意义的关系的机会。)” 可知，技术降低了我们创造性的工作动机。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“To fix and avoid these issues in the future, we have concluded from this review that we need to advocate for the use of psychological knowledge when designing technologies to be used in work environments. Psychologists are well equipped to advise how to design and use technologies in ways that will maintain or even improve the design of our work. (为了在未来解决和避免这些问题，我们从这篇综述中得出结论，在设计用于工作环境的技术时，我们需要倡导使用心理学知识。心理学家有能力就如何设计和使用技术提出建议，以保持甚至改进我们的工作设计。)”可知，对于在工作中引入技术，作者的建议是要咨询心理学专家。故选B项。 3. 主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Work is considered to be well-designed when it gives us some decision-making power, provides us with performance feedback, and allows us to connect with colleagues not only to increase relatedness but also to see the impact our work has on stakeholders(利益相关者). Good work design makes our work more meaningful.(当工作赋予我们一些决策权，为我们提供绩效反馈，并允许我们与同事联系，不仅可以增加相关性，还可以看到我们的工作对利益相关者的影响时，就被认为是精心设计的。好的工作设计使我们的工作更有意义。)”可知，本段主要讲精心设计工作的特点。故选C项。 4. 词句猜测题。根据第五段“Indeed, as work environments and career tracks become more dynamic and precarious, we need workers to be more active and flexible for the changeable situation. (事实上，随着工作环境和职业轨道变得更加动态和precarious，我们需要员工更加积极和灵活地应对多变的情况。)”中的“need workers to be more active and flexible for the changeable situation”可推断，此处表达工作环境和职业轨迹变得更加容易变化、不确定，precarious意为“不确定”与uncertain“多变的，不确定的”的意思一致。故选A项。 Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高二下·河北沧州·期末)The summer reading season is here. Some people will opt for paperbacks because they’re easy to borrow and share. Others will go for e-readers. But which is the more environmentally sustainable option? According to 2023 data from the literary industry research group Words Rated, when it comes to pulp(纸浆) and paper, print book publishing is the world’s third-largest industrial greenhouse gas producer, and 32 million trees are cut down each year in the United States to make paper for books. So many publishers are switching to on-demand printing. For example, Chronicle Books, are reducing their initial print runs to see how well the titles sell before they print more. “We felt that it was better to have a higher cost and have less waste,” said Chronic le Books president, Tyrrell Mahoney. Publishers are also rethinking book design. It might be a surprise, but certain fonts(字体) can be more climate-friendly by using less ink and less paper. Digital reading seems to have a considerable eco-advantage over print because it is paperless, so it saves trees, pulping and shipping. Moreover, tech companies that make e-readers such as Amazon, which sells the market-leading Kindle e-reader, offer recycling programs for old devices. “By choosing e-books as an alternative to print, Kindle readers helped save an estimated 2.3 million metric tons of carbon emissions over a two-year period,” said Corey Badcock, head of Kindle product and marketing. But digital devices also come with a substantial carbon footprint, mainly at the producing stage. Their cases are made with fossil-fuel-derived plastics and the minerals in their batteries require resource-heavy mining. Berners-Lee, the author of The Carbon Footprint of Everything , said the average e-reader has a carbon footprint of around 80 pounds. “This means that I’ve got to read about 36 small paperback books-worth on it before you break even,” he said. “If you buy an e-reader and you read loads and loads of books on it, then it’s the lowest carbon thing to do,” Berners-Lee said. “But if I buy it, read a couple of books, and decide that I prefer paperback books, then it’s the worst of all worlds.” 5. Why are publishers switching to on-demand printing? A. To further reduce costs. B. To increase market sales. C. To make books more durable. D. To be more environmentally friendly. 6. What is the author’s attitude towards digital devices’ carbon footprint? A. Optimistic. B. Dismissive. C. Objective. D. Defensive. 7. What can we say about the carbon footprint of reading according to Berners-Lee? A. Heavy e-readers will have a lower carbon footprint. B. Paperback readers contribute less to carbon emissions. C. The carbon footprint of reading is unworthy of attention. D. There’s no way to measure the carbon footprint of e-readers. 8. What is the best title for the text? A. An Eco-Debate: Is My E-Reader Really Greener? B. The Decline of Paper: A Look at Modern Publishing C. The Future of Reading: E-ink Technology Advances D. What’s Better for the Climate: A Paper Book or an E-Reader? 【答案】5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要谈论了纸质书和电子阅读器，哪个更环保。 5. 细节理解题。根据第二段“According to 2023 data from the literary industry research group Words Rated, when it comes to pulp(纸浆) and paper, print book publishing is the world’s third-largest industrial greenhouse gas producer, and 32 million trees are cut down each year in the United States to make paper for books. (根据文学产业研究机构Words Rated 2023年的数据，在纸浆和纸张方面，印刷图书出版业是世界第三大工业温室气体排放国，美国每年有3200万棵树被砍伐，用于制造书籍的纸张。)”和第三段中“So many publishers are switching to on-demand printing.( 因此，许多出版商正在转向按需印刷。)”可知，出版商转向按需印刷是因为这样更环保。故选D项。 6. 推理判断题。根据第六段中“By choosing e-books as an alternative to print, Kindle readers helped save an estimated2.3 million metric tons of carbon emissions over a two-year period (通过选择电子书代替纸质书，Kindle阅读器在两年的时间里减少了230万吨的碳排放。)”和第七段“But digital devices also come with a substantial carbon footprint, mainly at the producing stage.(但数字设备也会产生大量的碳足迹，主要是在生产阶段。)”可知，作者客观陈述了数字设备的碳足迹。故选C项。 7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If you buy an e-reader and you read loads and loads of books on it, then it’s the lowest carbon thing to do.(如果你买了一个电子阅读器，然后在上面读了很多很多的书，那么这是碳排放最低的事情。)”可知，Berners-Lee认为容量大的电子阅读器的碳足迹较低。故选A项。 8. 主旨大意题。通读前文，根据第一段中“Some people will opt for paperbacks because they’re easy to borrow and share. Others will go for e-readers. But which is the more environmentally sustainable option? (有些人会选择平装书，因为它们很容易借阅和分享。其他人则会选择电子阅读器。但哪一个是更环保的可持续选择呢？)”可知，本文主要谈论了纸质书和电子阅读器，哪个更环保。D“哪个对气候更好：纸质书还是电子阅读器？”符合主题，故选D项。 Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高二下·江苏·期末)ChatGPT, a powerful AI chatbot tool, has swept the world in the past months. While it has been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both excitement and worries in education. According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of the respondents had used ChatGPT to help with a homework assignment. Some students even got high scores thanks to papers written by ChatGPT. Some universities and schools have banned the use of ChatGPT, such as public schools in New York City, CNN reported. The move comes along with growing concerns that the tool could make it easier for students to cheat on assignments and be used to spread inaccurate information. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic and lifelong success,” Jenna Lyle, the vice press secretary of the New York City Department of Education, said in a statement. Apart from strict bans, teachers are redesigning their courses in an attempt to block the use of ChatGPT. Some college professors in the US are now including more oral exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported. However, not all educators are saying “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian universities are not planning on banning the tool. Instead, they are drafting policies on its proper usage, for both students and lecturers. Bhaskar Vira, vice-president for education at University of Cambridge in the UK, said that bans on AI software like ChatGPT are not sensible(合理的). “I’m of the opinion that we have to recognize that AI is a tool people will use but then adapt our learning, teaching and examination processes so that we can continue to have integrity(诚实) while recognizing the use of the tool,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university. Vira’s opinion on ChatGPT is shared by Petervan der Putten, assistant professor at Leiden University in the Netherlands. “It’s there, just how like Google is there. You can write it into your policies for stopping cheating but it’s a reality that the tool exists,” he told Sky News. 9. According to the passage, what can ChatGPT help students do? A. Enrich their school life. B. Hand in better papers. C. Improve their writing skills. D. Spread correct information. 10. What are the professors in US doing to cope with ChatGPT? A. Making policies to ban the use of the tool. B. Requiring students to write papers by hand. C. Making laws to recognize the use of the tool. D. Preventing students from spreading inaccurate information. 11. Which of the following may Vira agree to about using ChatGPT? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. Practice makes perfect. C. No pains, no gains. D. Every coin has two sides. 12. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. ChatGPT: An answer giver? B. ChatGPT: A perfect tool? C. ChatGPT: A homework designer? D. ChatGPT: A cheat helper? 【答案】9. B 10. B 11. D 12. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在教育界掀起了一场风暴以及教育界是如何应对的。 9. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to a US survey of more than 1,000 students, over 89 percent of the respondents had used ChatGPT to help with a homework assignment. Some students even got high scores thanks to papers written by ChatGPT.(美国一项针对1000多名学生的调查显示，超过89%的受访者曾使用ChatGPT来帮助完成家庭作业。一些学生甚至因为ChatGPT写的论文而获得了高分。)”可知，ChatGPT可以帮助学生们提交更好的论文，故选B。 10. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Some college professors in the US are now including more oral exams and handwritten papers instead of typed ones, The New York Times reported.(据《纽约时报》报道，美国一些大学教授现在增加了口试和手写试卷，而不是打字试卷。)”可知，为了解决ChatGPT带来的影响，美国一些大学教授现在增加了口试和手写试卷，故选B。 11. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中““I’m of the opinion that we have to recognize that AI is a tool people will use but then adapt our learning, teaching and examination processes so that we can continue to have integrity (诚实) while recognizing the use of the tool,” he told Varsity, the school newspaper of the university.(“我的观点是，我们必须认识到人工智能是一种人们会使用的工具，但随后调整我们的学习、教学和考试过程，这样我们才能在认识到这种工具的使用的同时保持诚信，”他在接受该校校报《Varsity》采访时表示。)”可知，Vira的观点是，虽然ChatGPT导致了在大学教育中出现了如学生作弊的问题，但他认为必须要认识到人工智能是一种人们会使用的工具，在认识到这种工具的使用的同时保持诚信，调整我们的学习、教学和考试过程。由此推断他认为凡是都有两面性，故选D。 12. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“ChatGPT, a powerful AI chatbot tool, has swept the world in the past months. While it has been dominating social media with its frighteningly good essays, ChatGPT has also caused both excitement and worries in education.(ChatGPT，一个强大的人工智能聊天机器人工具，在过去的几个月里席卷了全球。虽然ChatGPT凭借其出色的论文在社交媒体上占据了主导地位，但它也在教育领域引发了兴奋和担忧。)”以及通读全文可知，文章就人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在教育界掀起了一场风暴以及教育界是如何应对的而展开的，它对教育界带来的影响有利有弊，故B选项“ChatGPT: A perfect tool?(ChatGPT：一个完美的工具？)”概括文章主题，故选B。 Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高二下·浙江温州·期末)“ChatGPT is a computer program that can understand and respond to text like a person. It’s like havinga conversation with a very smart robot,” says ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence text generator. In November of 2022, the computer program ChatGPT generated significant public interest across the globe for its broad applications and commercial value. This AI model demonstrated its ability to perform a variety of tasks, from generating book summaries, recommendations, and personal research assistance, to drafting college SOPs, essays, and emails. According to Ehsan Hoque, Associate Professor of Computer Science at UR, while the concepts used to build ChatGPT are not entirely new, combining them with this AI model marks a significant achievement in the field of AI engineering. With that being said, the system has also generated contention over its possible violation of academic honesty. The use of ChatGPT for homework assignments is a growing concern for professors across the globe. The University, on the other hand, has not addressed or made a statement on this matter. There are potential academic violations for homework and exams. One such case is Professor of Political Science and Business David Primo. He entered one of his previous test questions into ChatGPT, and ChatGPT got it exactly correct. Despite concerns, Primo understands that the issue of academic honesty is a concern that has existed and will exist forever. He talks about this as well as the many other negative uses of the internet, saying “The internet makes it easy to spread hateful messages and pirate music, but do you want to go back to a time where you couldn’t bank online, or listen to music online?” Primo also pictures this technological advancement being integrated into classes and assessments in the future. “Universities should move slowly here and let faculty members experiment with various approaches to AI and adapt to a world of AI,” said Primo. 13. What makes the program a great breakthrough? A. Its ability to perform various tasks. B. Its achievements in learning technology. C. Its wide application and commercial value. D. The combination of its concept and AI model. 14. What does the underlined word in the third paragraph mean? A. dispute B. support C. disadvantage D. mistake 15. What might Primo agree with regarding the use of ChatGPT? A. It is a double-edged sword. B. It has little impact on academia. C. Its advantages outweigh its disadvantages. D. It should be prohibited for academic integrity. 16. What is the text mainly about? A. ChatGPT demonstrates its great strength. B. ChatGPT generates great argument. C. ChatGPT arouses significant public interest. D. ChatGPT causes the potential academic violations. 【答案】13. D 14. A 15. C 16. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。本文介绍了一种人工智能文本生成程序ChatGPT，它能像人一样理解和回应文本，如同与一个聪明的机器人对话。同时文章也揭露了由人工智能所引起的学术诚信的问题将会一直存在。 13. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to Ehsan Hoque, Associate Professor of Computer Science at UR, while the concepts used to build ChatGPT are not entirely new, combining them with this AI model marks a significant achievement in the field of AI engineering.(根据UR计算机科学副教授Ehsan Hoque的说法，虽然用于构建ChatGPT的概念并不是全新的，但将它们与人工智能模型相结合标志着人工智能工程领域的重大成就。)”可知，尽管构建ChatGPT的概念并不完全新，但将其与AI模型结合在一起在AI工程领域取得了重大成就。故选D。 14. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后的内容“…over its possible violation of academic honesty.( ......可能违反学术诚信。)”可知，这个系统也因可能违反学术诚信而引起了争论。故划线词与A选项“dispute(争论)”为同义词。故选A。 15. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Primo also pictures this technological advancement being integrated into classes and assessments in the future. “Universities should move slowly here and let faculty members experiment with various approaches to AI and adapt to a world of AI,” said Primo.( Primo还描绘了这种技术进步在未来被整合到课堂和评估中。Primo说：“大学应该在这方面慢慢行动，让教师们试验各种人工智能方法，适应人工智能的世界。”)”可知，Primo还描绘了这种技术进步在未来被整合到课堂和评估中。Primo认为大学应该在这方面慢慢行动，让教师们试验各种人工智能方法，适应人工智能的世界，由此推断，Primo认为ChatGPT的优点大于缺点。故选C。 16. 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“With that being said, the system has also generated contention over its possible violation of academic honesty. (话虽如此，该系统也引发了可能违反学术诚信的争论。)”以及第四段中“There are potential academic violations for homework and exams.(在家庭作业和考试中有潜在的学术违规。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了ChatGPT引起了很大的争论，特别是在学术诚信方面。B选项“ChatGPT generates great argument.( ChatGPT产生了大量的争论。)”能概括全文。故选B。 Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高二下·安徽马鞍山·期末)With the development of new media, the promotion of Mandarin(普通话) and the wave of globalization, the range of application for dialects(方言) has become smaller. Dialects, to some extent, are a culmination(积淀) of local culture. If they are not protected and healthily passed down, this “crisis” might lead to their disappearance. However, since the concept of “language resource” was introduced, the status of dialects has been given renewed importance. Dialects are a living form of intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产). As the saying goes, “It’s better to sell ancestral(祖先的) land than to abandon ancestral language.” For the recording and preservation of dialects, creating a language environment in which they can enjoy a period of growth and success is vitally important. Folk songs, local operas, dialect courses, community involvement, technological methods, and literary and artistic works can all play significant roles in the protection and inheritance(传承) of dialects. Cao Xueqin was a native of Nanjing, and the Jia family in Dream of the Red Chamber is a distinguished family from Jinling (ancient Nanjing). According to statistics, there are over 1,000 instances of Nanjing dialect in the masterpiece. Shen Congwen’s Border Town vividly portrays a “world of Western Hunan”. The locals refer to copper coins as “tongzi”, the addition of “zi” suggesting it’s just a small object. This reflects the Western Hunan people’s indifference to material wealth. In Lao She’s Rickshaw Boy, the “er” sound is everwhere, full of Beijing flavor. In fact, the literary forms of Chinese dialect have been around since ancient times and are vivid with various flavors. Never forget your dialect and never forget the accent of your hometown. 17. What has happened to dialects since the introduction of the concept of language resource? A. They have been applied less. B. They have gained new recognition. C. They have completely disappeared. D. They have promoted the spread of Mandarin. 18. What does the saying underlined in paragraph 2 imply? A. Ancestral language should be preserved. B. Ancestral land should be developed. C. Ancestral language is a fixed form. D. Ancestral land is more meaningful. 19. Why does the writer refer to the dialects in the novel Dream of the Red Chamber? A. To illustrate the complicated relationship. B. To demonstrate their extensive usage. C. To convey the distinctive Beijing culture. D. To describe the personalities of the characters. 20. In which column of a magazine can you find the text probably? A. Entertainment. B. Culture. C. Health. D. Economy. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了方言的重要性，以及如何保护和传承方言。 17. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“However, since the concept of “language resource” was introduced, the status of dialects has been given renewed importance.”(然而，自从“语言资源”的概念被引入以来，方言的地位得到了重新的重视。)可推知，自从引入语言资源的概念以来，方言得到了新的认可。故选B。 18. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s better to sell ancestral land than to abandon ancestral language.”(宁可卖祖先的土地，也不要放弃祖先的语言。)可推知，这句话暗示的是祖先的语言应该被保留。故选A。 19. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Cao Xueqin was a native of Nanjing, and the Jia family in Dream of the Red Chamber is a distinguished family from Jinling (ancient Nanjing). According to statistics, there are over 1,000 instances of Nanjing dialect in the masterpiece.”(曹雪芹是南京人，红楼梦中的贾家是金陵(古南京)的显赫家族。据统计，这部杰作中有超过1000处的南京方言。)可推知，作者引用《红楼梦》中的方言是为了展示其广泛的使用。故选B。 20. 推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段“In fact, the literary forms of Chinese dialect have been around since ancient times and are vivid with various flavors. Never forget your dialect and never forget the accent of your hometown.”(事实上，中国方言的文学形式自古就有，而且生动多样。不要忘记你的方言，不要忘记你家乡的口音。)可知，本文主要讨论了方言的重要性，以及如何保护和传承方言，这些内容更符合文化栏目。故选B。 Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高二下·安徽芜湖·期末)“WHAT IS CIVILISATION?” asked Kenneth Clark 50 years ago in the seminal(开创性的) BBC series on the subject. “I don’t know, and I can’t define it in abstract terms, yet. But I think I can recognize it when I see it, and I’m looking at it now.” And he turned to gesture behind him, at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame(巴黎圣母院). It seems inhuman to care more about a building than about people. That the sight of Notre Dame going up in flames has attracted so much more attention than floods in southern Africa which killed over 1,000 arouses understandable feelings of guilt. Yet the widespread, intense grief at the sight of the cathedral’s(大教堂) collapsing steeple(尖塔) is in fact profoundly human — and in a particularly 21st-century way. Familiarity breeds affection. A building on whose sunny steps you have rested, in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one, becomes a warm part of your memories and thus of yourself. That helps explain why China is in mourning — WeChat, young China’s principal(主要的) means of talking to itself, has been following the story. And it will be rebuilt. The effort to rebuild it will bring people together. Within 24 hours, €600m ($677m) had been raised from businesses and rich people, and a rash of crowdfunding campaigns started. Yet the emotions the sight aroused were less about the building itself than about what losing it might mean. Notre Dame is an expression of humanity at its collective best. Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence — through war, revolution and Nazi occupation — binds the present to the past. It will never be the same, but that is as it should be. As Victor Hugo wrote in “The Hunchback of Notre Dame”, a three-volume love-letter to the cathedral: “Great edifices (建筑物), like great mountains, are the work of centuries. Art is often transformed as it is being made… Time is the architect, the nation is the builder.” 21. What can we infer according to Paragraph 1? A. Kenneth Clark is a staff(职员) in BBC. B. Kenneth Clark believes that Notre Dame is a symbol of civilization. C. Civilization is so abstract that Kenneth Clark can’t recognise it. D. Notre Dame is the subject of the BBC series. 22. Why has the sight of Notre Dame going up in flames attracted so much attention according to the passage? A. Because the sunny steps in Notre Dame for people to rest on is impressive. B. Because Notre Dame has boosted the local economy. C. Because numerable people around the world has been there and left good memories. D. Because social media like WeChat in China help more people know it. 23. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word in Paragraph 4? A. current B. parties C. power D. disorder 24. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The essence(精髓) of Notre Dame will be lost if we rebuild it. B. It is difficult to rebuild Notre Dame. C. If it were not for the fire, Notre Dame would always stay the same. D. Notre Dame will change as time goes by even without the fire. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了巴黎圣母院的烧毁以及回顾该建筑赋予人类的意义。对于巴黎圣母院的烧毁，人们普遍而强烈的悲痛是发自内心的，由此进一步论述了人们关心巴黎圣母院的原因。 21. 推理判断题。由文章第一段“‘WHAT IS CIVILISATION?’ asked Kenneth Clark 50 years ago in the seminal (开创性的) BBC series on the subject. ‘I don’t know, and I can’t define it in abstract terms, yet. But I think I can recognize it when I see it, and I’m looking at it now.’ And he turned to gesture behind him, at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame (巴黎圣母院).(50年前，Kenneth Clark在英国广播公司关于这个主题的开创性系列节目中问道：‘什么是文明？我不知道，我还不能用抽象的术语来定义它。但我想当我看到它的时候我能认出它，我现在正在看它。’然后他转过身来，对着身后高耸的哥特式塔楼和圣母院的飞扶壁做手势。)”可知，Kenneth Clark认为圣母院是文明的象征。故选B项。 22. 细节理解题。由文章第二段“Familiarity breeds affection. A building on whose sunny steps you have rested, in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one, becomes a warm part of your memories and thus of yourself. (熟悉会滋生感情。一座你在阳光明媚的台阶上休息，在它前面与你所爱的人自拍的建筑，会成为你记忆中温暖的一部分，也会成为你自己的一部分。)”可知，因为全世界无数的人都去过那里，留下了美好的回忆，所以圣母院着火的景象引起了人们的极大关注。故选C项。 23. 词句猜测题。由第四段“Yet the emotions the sight aroused were less about the building itself than about what losing it might mean. Notre Dame is an expression of humanity at its collective best. Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence — through war, revolution and Nazi occupation — binds the present to the past.(然而，这一景象激起的情绪与其说是关于这座建筑本身，不如说是关于失去它可能意味着什么。圣母院体现了人类最美好的集体。它在850年的政治……中幸存下来——通过战争、革命和纳粹占领——将现在与过去联系在一起。)”中through war, revolution and Nazi occupation可知，这些是属于政治“动荡或者紊乱”，所以猜测turbulence表“动荡，紊乱”的意思。故选D项。 24. 主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“It will never be the same, but that is as it should be. As Victor Hugo wrote in ‘The Hunchback of Notre Dame’, a three-volume love-letter to the cathedral:‘Great edifices (建筑物), like great mountains, are the work of centuries. Art is often transformed as it is being made… Time is the architect, the nation is the builder.’(它将永远不会一样，但这是应该的。正如维克多·雨果在写给大教堂的三卷本情书《巴黎圣母院》中所写：“伟大的建筑，就像伟大的山脉，是几个世纪的杰作。艺术往往在制作过程中发生变化……时间是建筑师，国家是建设者。”)”特别是第一句话可知，最后一段主要讲即使没有大火，圣母院也会随着时间的推移而改变。故选D项。 Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高二下·山东潍坊·期末)When discussions are getting heated, divisions on opinions potentially lead to some awkward moments. This causes many of us to struggle with how to convince people to change their minds and how to argue our side effectively. Unfortunately, we’ve already become quite divided. One study showed that when people receive information against their beliefs, their brains aren’t as active as when they receive information that confirms their beliefs. Humans have a well- documented bias(偏见) called the “confirmation bias”, which is a tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing views and to avoid information that disconfirms them. Throwing data at people isn’t at all effective in changing minds and especially hearts. Instead, people just find it super annoying. Luckily, research has provided some guidance about best practices, and, not surprisingly, they all suggest what our parents have been telling us for decades: You catch more flies with honey than with vinegar. In fact, it turns out that instead of citing why you are right and someone else is wrong in a heated conversation, one of the most effective strategies you can use for changing someone’s mind is to find areas where you agree. Another thing we can do is to be open to other perspectives(观点) . We can start by acknowledging our own confirmation bias and making a conscious effort to override it. We can also try to take other people’s perspectives. And better yet — ask them for it. Ask them why they feel the way they do and what would change their mind. Be open to admitting that you could be wrong and make it easy for others to admit their own mistakes. Finally, make new friends — friends that are different from you. Make your bias a disconfirmation bias;in other words, when you have an opinion on something, don’t just read information that confirms it. Instead, make an effort to find information that could potentially prove you wrong. If you were right all along, this exercise will only make your arguments stronger. If you were wrong, your mind will have been opened up to new ideas. Either way, this kind of open-mindedness will give you a brand-new perspective on life, and you might even make some unlikely new friends in the process. 25. Which can illustrate “confirmation bias”? A. We tend to welcome different ideas. B. We accept messages from the others. C. We argue against points of disagreement. D. We prefer information in line with our views 26. What does the underlined word “honey”in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Following advice. B. Sharing common ground. C. Admitting mistakes. D. Blocking different ideas. 27. How can we benefit from our bias according to the last paragraph? A. By letting go of our own opinion. B. By making arguments more reliable. C. By opening up minds to new friends. D. By securing information opposite to ours. 28. What is the best title of the text? A. How to negotiate with others B. Why it’s so hard to change hearts and minds C. How to shift minds in polarized communication D. Why open-mindedness is effective in conversations 【答案】25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了人们在面对与自己观点相反的信息时，往往会产生“确认偏见”，即倾向于寻找能证实自己观点的信息，而避免与之相反的信息。文章建议我们在争论中寻找共同点，开放自己的观点，接纳不同的信息，这样可以使我们的观点更有说服力，也能开阔我们的视野。 25. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Humans have a well- documented bias (偏见) called the“confirmation bias”, which is a tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing views and to avoid information that disconfirms them. ”(人类有一种有据可查的偏见，称为“确认偏见”，这是一种倾向，即寻找证实我们现有观点的信息，避免不符合这些观点的信息。)可知，D选项“我们更喜欢符合我们观点的信息”符合确认偏见”。故选D。 26. 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“In fact, it turns out that instead of citing why you are right and someone else is wrong in a heated conversation, one of the most effective strategies you can usefor changing someone’s mind is to find areas where you agree.”(事实证明，在激烈的争论中，改变他人观点最有效的策略之一就是找到你们共同认同的地方，而不是列举你为什么是对的，别人为什么是错的。)可推知，“honey”指的是找到共同的立场。故选B。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Make your bias a disconfirmation bias;in other words, when you have an opinion on something, don’t just read information that confirms it. Instead, make an effort to find information that could potentially prove you wrong. If you were right all along, this exercise will only make your arguments stronger. If you were wrong, your mind will have been opened up to new ideas.”(让你的偏见成为一种不确认的偏见；换句话说，当你对某事有看法时，不要只阅读证实它的信息。相反，要努力寻找可能证明你错了的信息。如果你一直都是对的，这个练习只会让你的论点更有力。如果你错了，你的思想就会向新思想开放。)可知，获取与我们相反的信息能让我们受益。故选D。 28. 主旨大意题。主要讲述了人们在面对与自己观点相反的信息时，往往会产生“确认偏见”，即倾向于寻找能证实自己观点的信息，而避免与之相反的信息。文章建议我们在争论中寻找共同点，开放自己的观点，接纳不同的信息，这样可以使我们的观点更有说服力，也能开阔我们的视野。所以短文的最佳标题为“如何在两极分化的交流中改变思想”。故选C。 Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高二下·河南许昌·期末)Standing outside my hospital the other day, I was struck by a sight. In fact, it’s a sight we’ve all seen countless times: obese(肥胖的) nurses standing around outside a hospital. It is estimated that one in four nurses is obese, with nearly two-thirds being overweight. While some have argued that obese nurses may be less productive and take more time off sick, this isn’t my concern at all. I’m just worried about the example they set to others. Yes, of course, nurses and doctors struggle with having a healthy lifestyle like everyone else. But if they can’t stick to the basic principles of maintaining a healthy lifestyle that they are promoting themselves, then in my opinion they have no business being on the front line. No patient is going to take them seriously unless they can demonstrate that they at least try to practise what they promote. It’s a serious professional failing, because it sends the disastrous message of “do as I say not as I do”, which is never going to result in someone changing their ways. You wouldn’t take advice about reducing your drinking from an alcoholic, would you? So why should you be expected to listen to an overweight healthcare professional who is telling you to lose a few pounds? Of course, there are lots of instances when a doctor or nurse’s personal struggles can really help. For example, I used to smoke and I find this actually helps me because I can relate to patients—I know their struggles, I know their concerns and I know the things they say to themselves to avoid quitting. Knowing that I used to smoke helps me come across as more human to my patients—I’ve done silly things but I’ve changed and so can they. Similarly, a nurse who was previously obese but has now lost weight could be a real motivation for patients. But until they have lost weight and can demonstrate that they practise what they promote, they risk alienating (使疏远) the very patients they are charged with helping. 29. What worries the author concerning obese nurses? A. They will call in sick a lot. B. They will be unlikely to take patients seriously. C. They will fail to play their role in health promotion. D. They will be incompetent at their job on the front line. 30. What is the author’s attitude to “do as I say not as I do”? A. Tolerant. B. Contradictory. C. Uncaring. D. Disapproving. 31. In what way is the author’s experience of quitting smoking helpful? A. He understands smokers better. B. He manages to maintain a healthier lifestyle. C. He has become brave in the face of struggles. D. He sets a good example to his workmates. 32. What can we infer about the author? A. He is an alcoholic. B. He is a doctor. C. He is overweight. D. He is impatient. 【答案】29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 【语篇解读】本文的体裁是议论文。作者就肥胖护士这一现象提出了自己的担忧和观点，探讨了其对职业形象、患者信任以及健康宣传的影响，并通过个人经历来强化论述，试图说服读者认同其关于医疗工作者应成为健康生活方式榜样的观点。 29. 细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“While some have argued that obese nurses may be less productive and take more time off sick, this isn’t my concern at all. I’m just worried about the example they set to others. Yes, of course, nurses and doctors struggle with having a healthy lifestyle like everyone else. (虽然有些人认为肥胖的护士可能会降低工作效率，并请更多的病假，但这根本不是我所关心的。我只是担心他们会给别人树立榜样。是的，当然，护士和医生也像其他人一样努力保持健康的生活方式。)”可知，作者担心的是肥胖护士给别人树立了不好的榜样，尤其是在健康促进方面无法有效发挥作用。故选C项。 30. 推理判断题。在文章第三段“It’s a serious professional failing, because it sends the disastrous message of “do as I say not as I do”, which is never going to result in someone changing their ways. You wouldn’t take advice about reducing your drinking from an alcoholic, would you? So why should you be expected to listen to an overweight healthcare professional who is telling you to lose a few pounds? (这是一个严重的职业失败，因为它传递了一个灾难性的信息：“照我说的做，不要照我做的做”，这永远不会导致人们改变他们的生活方式。你不会听从酒鬼的建议少喝酒吧？那么，为什么你要听从一个超重的医疗保健专业人士的建议，让你减掉几磅呢？)”可知，作者指出这种做法永远不会导致某人改变他们的行为方式。因此，作者对这种行为持反对态度。故选D项。 31. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Of course, there are lots of instances when a doctor or nurse’s personal struggles can really help. For example, I used to smoke and I find this actually helps me because I can relate to patients—I know their struggles, I know their concerns and I know the things they say to themselves to avoid quitting. Knowing that I used to smoke helps me come across as more human to my patients—I’ve done silly things but I’ve changed and so can they. (当然，在很多情况下，医生或护士的个人挣扎确实会有所帮助。例如，我曾经吸烟，我发现这实际上对我有帮助，因为我能理解病人——我知道他们的挣扎，我知道他们的担忧，我知道他们为了避免戒烟而对自己说的话。知道我曾经吸烟有助于让我的病人觉得我更有人情味——我做过蠢事，但我已经改变了，他们也可以。)”可知，作者戒烟的经历让他能更好地理解吸烟者。故选A项。 32. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Standing outside my hospital the other day, I was struck by a sight. In fact, it’s a sight we’ve all seen countless times: obese (肥胖的) nurses standing around outside a hospital. It is estimated that one in four nurses is obese, with nearly two-thirds being overweight. (有一天，我站在医院外面，被眼前的一幕震撼了。事实上，我们已经见过无数次了：肥胖的护士站在医院外面。据估计，四分之一的护士肥胖，近三分之二的护士超重。)”可知，作者无数次看到肥胖的护士站在医院外面，讨论了医疗工作者的肥胖问题以及他们应该如何作为患者的榜样，提到了自己过去吸烟后来戒烟的经历，这暗示作者可能是医生，因为医生更直接地参与患者的健康指导和建议给出，符合文中所表达的视角和经历。故选B项。 Passage 9 (2023-2024学年高二下·湖南长沙六校联考·期末)For those of us who grew up watching Star Trek, exploring space has been about discovering strange new worlds. And there are plenty of worlds to explore in time, but we still need major technological advancements to reach planets that are light years away. What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth. From space, we can monitor, manage and care for our planet. Satellite-based sensors show us the short- and long-term effects of human activity on our environment. Many companies are using their interest in space to help solve problems here, from using hyperspectral imaging(高光谱成像), which enable us to map vegetation(植被) and rain forests, to microsatellites that provide global connectivity for the network of things. My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. The Internet has become our economic lifeblood. And yet, nearly half of the world’s population doesn’t have Internet access. Space is playing a key role in bridging this digital divide. OneWeb is launching 1,980 satellites to help bring Internet access to people everywhere, and our first production satellites are already flying in space and have shown very high download speeds. Fiber and cable Internet access technologies already cover most financially viable(可行的) major cities. Similarly, these regions will also be the first to be served with 5G. Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty. OneWeb’s satellites will reach every community in the world and enable equal access to the Internet for the world’s less developed places. Fifty years from the day when man first walked on the moon, we are still only approaching the possible. There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully. 33. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. Benefits space exploration can bring to us. B. Problems space exploration leads to. C. Steps of space exploration requires. D. Equipment space exploration needs. 34. What is OneWeb aiming to do? A. Increase download speeds. B. Narrow the gap in Internet learning. C. Help people set up and maintain a website. D. Enable people to make use of the Internet equally. 35. What can be inferred from the text? A. More than six decades ago, man first walked on the moon. B. More than half of the world’s people have no access to the Internet. C. OneWeb’s satellites will make it possible for most people to be served with 5G. D. Without the Internet, poor communities can hardly help themselves out of poverty. 36. What will the writer probably continue to write about in the following paragraph? A. The risks of furthering space exploration. B. The value of setting up space stations. C. The way we could monitor our earth. D. The features of microsatellites. 【答案】33. A 34. D 35. D 36. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了我们在太空中取得的进步给地球带来了难以置信的好处，但我们仍然需要谨慎。 33. 主旨大意题。根据第二段首句“What we are doing in space today is providing unbelievable benefits right now, right here on Earth.(我们今天在太空中所做的一切，在地球上此时此地正在提供令人难以置信的好处。)”并结合下文内容可知，本段主要讲述了太空探索带来的好处。故选A。 34. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My company, OneWeb, is focusing on what I believe is one of the world’s most important issues: the need for equal access to the Internet. (我的公司OneWeb正专注于我认为是世界上最重要的问题之一：平等访问互联网的需要。)”可知，OneWeb致力于让人们能够拥有平等使用互联网的机会。故选D。 35. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Poor communities are the last to get connected, and without connectivity, those communities have no chance to lift themselves from poverty.(贫困社区是最后一个建立连接的社区，如果没有连接，这些社区就没有机会摆脱贫困。)”可推出，如果没有网络，贫困社区很难摆脱贫困。故选D。 36. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There will be tens of thousands of new satellites, space stations and factories in the coming years to bring advancements in communications, scientific research, monitoring the earth, exploring space and more. This is exciting, but we must take action carefully.(未来几年，将有数以万计的新卫星、空间站和工厂，为通信、科学研究、地球监测、太空探索等领域带来进步。这是令人兴奋的，但我们必须谨慎地采取行动。)”可知，作者在文章最后提到，虽然未来我们将继续在太空中取得进度，但我们需要谨慎采取行动，由此可推测，接下来可能会讲述进一步探索太空有可能遇到的风险，这属于导致要谨慎行动的潜在因素。故选A。 Passage 10 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东惠州·期末)Creatives across the globe are understandably experiencing a sense of unease in light of the recent strides made in the field of artificial intelligence. In a recent incident, an individual who secured a prestigious accolade at the Colorado State Fair art competition elicited a vehement backlash when he disclosed that his artwork was crafted with the aid of AI technology. Lance Allen, a 39-year-old, faced accusations of deceit from detractors, despite the fact that he had triumphed in the digital art category and was transparent about the method by which his piece was produced. It is evident that the paradigms governing the creation of art are undergoing a transformation. To clarify, Allen’s artistic endeavor was not a mere matter of pressing a button, as Jason Blain noted in Forbes. He dedicated approximately 80 hours to his submission, initially refining his textual prompts and subsequently refining the final visual output using software such as Photoshop, before arranging for the artwork to be printed on canvas. His approach to utilizing AI in the creation of his piece mirrors that of a photographer utilizing a camera to capture an image. This highlights the pivotal role that AI is playing in the realm of artistic creation, which is crucial in comprehending the evolving nature of art making. Allen, who is also a designer of board games, is in awe of the capabilities of AI and advocates for artists and illustrators to embrace this technology rather than resist it. He asserts, “Art is dead,” suggesting that AI has brought about a fundamental shift in the art world, making it more accessible and potentially more widely appreciated. However, a more constructive perspective to glean from his success is that AI-powered image generators are poised to “broaden the appreciation for and the creation of art” by democratizing the field and enabling individuals who may not possess traditional drawing skills, such as himself, to produce intricate works like his award-winning piece. He posits that, “If anything, we will have more artists,” and as the technology continues to evolve, “we might witness the birth of art styles that have never been seen before.” It is not entirely unjustified for traditional artists to feel disconcerted. After all, image generators operate by dissecting the visual elements of countless pre-existing images. One particularly sophisticated image generator, as described by Loz Eliot in New Atlas, “makes it crystal clear just how disruptive this technology can be.” Given a specific prompt, it is capable of generating an image of virtually any concept one can conceive, and can even mimic the style of a preferred artist. Its advent signifies “an extraordinary democratization of visual creativity” while simultaneously posing a threat to those who have dedicated years to honing their artistic skills in the hope of earning a living from their craft. This underscores the potential of AI to disrupt conventional artistic practices, making the field more accessible to novices and potentially jeopardizing the professional prospects of established artists. 37. Why are artists getting nervous about AI recently? A. A winner of an art prize used AI. B. Lance Allen cheated in the art competition. C. The digital art will soon dominate. D. There will be great changes in art creation. 38. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2? A. It was no easy work for Allen even with Al. B. Allen worked as a photographer creating an image. C. AI played a key role in Allen’s art creation. D. Although with AI, Allen’s creation counted a lot. 39. What lesson can we draw from Allen’s winning? A. Human has been beaten by AI. B. AI will make art more popular. C. Greater artists and new art styles will appear. D. AI enables amateurs to win art competitions. 40. Why does Loz Eliot say the new technology will be destructive? A. It works by analyzing images created by human. B. It can produce images beyond people’s imagination. C. It makes artists’ long-time effort meaningless. D. It makes it impossible for artists to make a living. 【答案】37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文，讨论了人工智能在艺术创作中的应用及其对传统艺术家的影响。 37. 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a recent incident, an individual who secured a prestigious accolade at the Colorado State Fair art competition elicited a vehement backlash when he disclosed that his artwork was crafted with the aid of AI technology.(在最近的一次事件中，一位在科罗拉多州博览会艺术比赛中获得了声望很高的奖项的人透露，他的作品是在人工智能技术的帮助下创作的，这引发了激烈的反弹)”可知，艺术家们最近对AI感到紧张是因为一位在科罗拉多州博览会艺术比赛中获奖的艺术家透露他的作品是在AI的帮助下创作的。故选A。 38. 推理判断题。根据第二段“To clarify, Allen’s artistic endeavor was not a mere matter of pressing a button, as Jason Blain noted in Forbes. He dedicated approximately 80 hours to his submission, initially refining his textual prompts and subsequently refining the final visual output using software such as Photoshop, before arranging for the artwork to be printed on canvas. His approach to utilizing AI in the creation of his piece mirrors that of a photographer utilizing a camera to capture an image. This highlights the pivotal role that AI is playing in the realm of artistic creation, which is crucial in comprehending the evolving nature of art making.(澄清一下，正如杰森·布莱恩在《福布斯》上指出的那样，艾伦的艺术努力并不仅仅是按下按钮的问题。他花了大约80个小时来提交他的作品，最初精炼他的文本提示，随后使用Photoshop等软件精炼最终的视觉输出，然后安排将艺术品打印在画布上。他在创作中使用人工智能的方法反映了摄影师使用相机捕捉图像的方法。这凸显了人工智能在艺术创作领域所扮演的关键角色，这对于理解艺术创作的演变本质至关重要)”可知，作者在第二段中想要告诉我们AI在艾伦的艺术创作中扮演了关键角色。故选C。 39. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Allen, who is also a designer of board games, is in awe of the capabilities of AI and advocates for artists and illustrators to embrace this technology rather than resist it.. He asserts, “Art is dead,” suggesting that AI has brought about a fundamental shift in the art world, making it more accessible and potentially more widely appreciated(艾伦也是一名桌面游戏设计师，他对人工智能的能力感到敬畏，并主张艺术家和插画家拥抱这项技术，而不是抵制它。他断言，“艺术已死”，这表明人工智能给艺术界带来了根本性的转变，使它更容易接近，并可能得到更广泛的欣赏)”以及“He posits that, “If anything, we will have more artists,” and as the technology continues to evolve, “we might witness the birth of art styles that have never been seen before.””(他认为，“如果有的话，我们将拥有更多的艺术家，”随着技术的不断发展，“我们可能会见证前所未有的艺术风格的诞生。”)可知，艾伦认为AI使艺术更加易于接触和可能更广泛地被欣赏。故选B。 40. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Given a specific prompt, it is capable of generating an image of virtually any concept one can conceive, and can even mimic the style of a preferred artist. Its advent signifies “an extraordinary democratization of visual creativity” while simultaneously posing a threat to those who have dedicated years to honing their artistic skills in the hope of earning a living from their craft. This underscores the potential of AI to disrupt conventional artistic practices, making the field more accessible to novices and potentially jeopardizing the professional prospects of established artists.(给定一个特定的提示，它能够生成几乎任何概念的图像，甚至可以模仿首选艺术家的风格。它的出现标志着“视觉创意的非凡民主化”，同时对那些多年来致力于磨练艺术技能，希望通过自己的手艺谋生的人构成了威胁。这凸显了人工智能颠覆传统艺术实践的潜力，使新手更容易进入该领域，并可能危及知名艺术家的职业前景。)”可知，洛兹·埃利奥特认为这项新技术是破坏性的，因为它通过分析人类创造的无数预先存在的图像来工作，使得艺术家们多年的努力变得毫无意义。故选C。 Passage 11 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东深圳·期末)No matter where I direct my gaze, the landscape is dotted with the skeletal frames of new structures taking shape. The familiar neighborhoods of my youth, once adorned with the charm of time-honored edifices, have largely vanished, replaced by the sleek silhouettes of contemporary high-rises. There is a rationale for this transformation: residents are in pursuit of the amenities that modern living promises. However, the question that lingers is, how can the younger generation grasp and uphold their cultural heritage if the tangible remnants of it are continually erased? The advocacy for the conservation of historical buildings transcends mere sentimental yearning for the past. Economic considerations also lend strong support to the cause of preservation. The restoration and safeguarding of historical districts can serve as a catalyst for economic growth, enticing tourists and small enterprises to the locality. A case in point is the historic Al Bastikiya neighborhood in Dubai, which annually attracts a multitude of visitors from across the globe. It also draws the interest of local inhabitants who are keen on exploring the history of their city. Critics often contend that preserving historical monuments is an expensive endeavor, but numerous recent initiatives have shown this belief to be unfounded. In fact, the process of refurbishing an existing structure for alternative use can be approximately £40 per square meter less costly than even the most elementary new construction, all the while retaining the architectural elegance of the original structure. Moreover, despite the common assertion that older buildings are less energy efficient and thus have a larger environmental footprint, architects and environmental specialists assert that the most eco-friendly building is the one that already exists. New construction typically has a more detrimental environmental impact, as it necessitates the procurement and transportation of brand-new materials over potentially lengthy distances, rather than utilizing recycled materials that are readily available on site. In essence, we recycle many other items in our daily lives, and the same principle should be applied to buildings. The act of preserving historical structures presents a multitude of opportunities; in stark contrast, demolition is an irreversible act. Once these architectural gems are lost, they are gone forever, severing an integral thread in our cultural tapestry that can never be regenerated. The decision to preserve or demolish is thus not merely one of aesthetics or economy, but also one of heritage and legacy. 41. What drives people to replace old buildings with new ones? A. Their dislike of old buildings. B. Their pride in cultural identity. C. Their concern about young generations. D. Their desire for modern comforts. 42. What does the example of Al Bastikiya show? A. Historic renovation costs much money. B. Local governments support small businesses. C. Historic preservation brings economic benefits. D. International tourism promises economic recovery. 43. What can be inferred about renovating old buildings from paragraph 3? A. It uses green materials. B. It damages architectural beauty. C. It reduces environmental impact. D. It worries environmental experts. 44. What is the author’s attitude towards historic preservation? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Objective. 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. C 44. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过对比现代建筑和历史建筑，强调了保护历史建筑的经济和文化价值。 41. 细节理解题。根据第一段“There is a rationale for this transformation: residents are in pursuit of the amenities that modern living promises. (这种转变有一个基本原理：居民们追求现代生活所承诺的便利设施。)”可知人们渴望现代生活的便利，这是他们替换旧建筑的原因。故选D。 42. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The restoration and safeguarding of historical districts can serve as a catalyst for economic growth, enticing tourists and small enterprises to the locality. A case in point is the historic Al Bastikiya neighborhood in Dubai, which annually attracts a multitude of visitors from across the globe. It also draws the interest of local inhabitants who are keen on exploring the history of their city. (历史街区的修复和保护可以作为经济增长的催化剂，吸引游客和小企业到当地。迪拜历史悠久的Al Bastikiya社区就是一个很好的例子，每年都会吸引来自世界各地的众多游客。它也吸引了当地居民的兴趣，他们热衷于探索他们城市的历史。)”可知用Al Bastikiya的例子说明保护历史区域可以促进经济增长，带来经济效益。故选C。 43. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Moreover, despite the common assertion that older buildings are less energy efficient and thus have a larger environmental footprint, architects and environmental specialists assert that the most eco-friendly building is the one that already exists. New construction typically has a more detrimental environmental impact, as it necessitates the procurement and transportation of brand-new materials over potentially lengthy distances, rather than utilizing recycled materials that are readily available on site. (此外，尽管人们普遍认为，老建筑的能源效率较低，因此有更大的环境足迹，但建筑师和环境专家断言，最环保的建筑是已经存在的建筑。新建筑通常对环境的影响更大，因为它需要采购和运输全新的材料，可能需要很长的距离，而不是使用现场现成的回收材料。)”可知翻新旧建筑可以减少对环境的影响。故选C。 44. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“In essence, we recycle many other items in our daily lives, and the same principle should be applied to buildings. The act of preserving historical structures presents a multitude of opportunities; in stark contrast, demolition is an irreversible act. Once these architectural gems are lost, they are gone forever, severing an integral thread in our cultural tapestry that can never be regenerated. The decision to preserve or demolish is thus not merely one of aesthetics or economy, but also one of heritage and legacy. (从本质上讲，我们在日常生活中回收了许多其他物品，同样的原则也应该适用于建筑。保护历史建筑的行为提供了大量的机会；此形成鲜明对比的是，拆迁是一种不可逆转的行为。一旦这些建筑瑰宝消失，它们就永远消失了，切断了我们文化织锦中不可分割的一条线，永远无法再生。因此，保留或拆除的决定不仅是美学或经济的问题，也是遗产和遗留的问题。)”可知整篇文章都在强调保护历史建筑的重要性和好处，作者对历史保护持积极态度。故选A。 Passage 12 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东梅州·期末)I once held the conviction that the essence of the human spirit could only be captured through the medium of language. Literary creations, teeming with unique narratives, sculpted our perceptions of reality. It was language that framed the inquiries we pursued and the solutions to those inquiries. To me, words were paramount. That conviction underwent a transformation. During a routine mathematics lesson, my instructor posed a straightforward query: What is 0.99 rounded to the nearest integer? A simple task. When rounded, 0.99 equates to 1. Yet, I pondered the fact that, although 0.99 is a mere 0.01 shy of 1, that slight distinction remains. Doesn't such a minor difference imply a fundamental divergence? My educator addressed my query by introducing an alternative formulation: 1 is equivalent to 0.9, which can also be depicted as 1 equals 0.999999..., an infinite sequence without cessation. There was an enigmatic yet captivating quality to this mathematical statement. The left side was constant and absolute: it encompassed a finite number. On the right was the embodiment of perpetuity, a numeral in an unending cycle. Yet, these two contrasting entities were linked by an equals sign. While contemplating in repose, I mused on the equation's reflection of our existence. The left side of the equation symbolizes the immutable and lucid aspects of life. The definite, whole numbers representing the day of your birth and the day of your demise. However, there exists an interval between birth and death. The right side signifies a realm brimming with boundless potential and infinite prospects stretching into the unforeseen future. Thus, life embodies objectivity coupled with creativity. It is unyielding yet boundless. Life is akin to an equation with two facets that achieve equilibrium. Nevertheless, we seem perpetually unable to articulate it perfectly. Perhaps numbers are just as capable of conveying concepts as words. For now, let us embrace this notion: 1 equals 0.99999... and lead a life in accordance with it. 45. What does the author emphasize about words in paragraph 1? A. Their wide variety. B. Their literary origins. C. Their distinct sounds. D. Their expressive power. 46. What made the author find the equation fascinating? A. The repetition of a number. B. The way two different numbers are equal. C. The question the teacher raised. D. The difference between the two numbers. 47. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "mused" in paragraph 6? A. Measured. B. Composed. C. Mirrored. D. Influenced. 48. What is a suitable title for the text? A. The Perfect Equation B. Numbers Build Equations C. An Attractive Question D. Words Outperform Numbers 【答案】45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过数学等式1=0.99999...来阐述人生的哲理，认为人生既有确定性又有无限的可能性，就像这个等式一样，看似矛盾的两边却能达到平衡。 45. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I once held the conviction that the essence of the human spirit could only be captured through the medium of language. Literary creations, teeming with unique narratives, sculpted our perceptions of reality. It was language that framed the inquiries we pursued and the solutions to those inquiries. To me, words were paramount.(我曾经坚信，人类精神的本质只能通过语言的媒介来捕捉。文学作品充满了独特的叙述，塑造了我们对现实的认知。正是语言构成了我们追求的探究和对这些探究的解答。对我来说，文字是最重要的。)”可知，作者强调文字的表现力。故选D项。 46. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“There was an enigmatic yet captivating quality to this mathematical statement. The left side was constant and absolute: it encompassed a finite number. On the right was the embodiment of perpetuity, a numeral in an unending cycle. Yet, these two contrasting entities were linked by an equals sign.(这个数学陈述有一种神秘而迷人的品质。左边是恒定和绝对的：它包含了一个有限的数字。右边是永恒的化身，一个无休止循环的数字。然而，这两个对立的实体却被一个等号连接起来。)”可知，作者觉得这个等式迷人的地方在于两个不同的数字竟然相等。故选B项。 47. 词义猜测题。根据文章第六段“While contemplating in repose, I mused on the equation's reflection of our existence. The left side of the equation symbolizes the immutable and lucid aspects of life. The definite, whole numbers representing the day of your birth and the day of your demise. However, there exists an interval between birth and death. The right side signifies a realm brimming with boundless potential and infinite prospects stretching into the unforeseen future.(在沉思中，我思考着这个等式对我们存在的反映。等式的左边象征着生活中不变和清晰的方面。明确的整数代表你出生的那一天和你去世的那一天。然而，在生与死之间存在一个间隔。右边代表着一个充满无限潜力和无限前景的领域，延伸到未知的未来。)”可知，作者认为这个等式反映了我们的存在，所以“mused”在这里的意思是“反映”，与“mirrored”意思相近。故选C项。 48. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“I once held the conviction that the essence of the human spirit could only be captured through the medium of language. Literary creations, teeming with unique narratives, sculpted our perceptions of reality. It was language that framed the inquiries we pursued and the solutions to those inquiries. To me, words were paramount.(我曾经坚信，人类精神的本质只能通过语言的媒介来捕捉。文学作品充满了独特的叙述，塑造了我们对现实的认知。正是语言构成了我们追求的探究和对这些探究的解答。对我来说，文字是最重要的。)”以及最后一段“Thus, life embodies objectivity coupled with creativity. It is unyielding yet boundless. Life is akin to an equation with two facets that achieve equilibrium. Nevertheless, we seem perpetually unable to articulate it perfectly. Perhaps numbers are just as capable of conveying concepts as words. For now, let us embrace this notion: 1 equals 0.99999... and lead a life in accordance with it. (因此，生活体现了客观性与创造性的结合。它既坚定又无限。生活就像一个等式，有两个方面达到了平衡。然而，我们似乎永远无法完美地表达它。也许数字和词语一样能够传达概念。现在，让我们接受这个观念：1等于0.99999...，并按照它来生活。)”可知，作者通过数学等式1=0.99999...来阐述人生的哲理，认为人生既有确定性又有无限的可能性，就像这个等式一样，看似矛盾的两边却能达到平衡，A项“The Perfect Equation(完美的等式)”表达的含义适合用做本文标题。故选A项。 ( 地 城 高频话题 02 饮食 / 健康 / 中国文化节日 / 著名人物 ( 记叙文 ) ) Passage 1 (2023-2024学年高二下·江西九江·期末)There was a little boy called Charlie Bucket, who lived together with his parents and four grandparents in a small wooden house on the edge of a great town. There was only one bed, which was given to the four old grandparents. Mr. and Mrs. Bucket and little Charlie Bucket slept in the other room, upon mattresses on the floor. In the summertime, this wasn’t too bad, but in the winter, freezing cold draughts(穿堂风) blew across the floor all night long, and it was awful. Mr. Bucket was the only person in the family with a job, working in a toothpaste factory. But a toothpaste cap-screwer is never paid very much money, and there wasn’t even enough to buy proper food for all of the family. The only meals they could afford were bread for breakfast, boiled potatoes and cabbage for lunch, and cabbage soup for supper. As a growing boy, Charlie desperately wanted something more filling and satisfying than cabbage and cabbage soup. The one thing he longed for more than anything else was… CHOCOLATE. Only once a year, on his birthday, did Charlie Bucket ever get to taste a bit of chocolate. The whole family saved up their money for that special occasion, and when the great day arrived, Charlie was always presented with one small chocolate bar to eat all by himself. And each time he received it, on those marvelous birthday mornings, he would place it carefully in a small wooden box that he owned; and for the next few days, he would allow himself only to look at it, but never to touch it. Then at last, when he could stand it no longer, he would peel back a tiny bit of the paper wrapping at one corner to expose a tiny bit of chocolate, and then he would take a tiny nibble — just enough to allow the lovely sweet taste to spread out slowly over his tongue. The next day, he would take another tiny nibble, and so on, and so on. And in this way, Charlie would make his six penny bar of birthday chocolate last him for more than a month. 1. What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. The big family. B. The freezing winter. C. The poor living conditions. D. The four old grandparents. 2. Why was Charlie desperate for chocolate? A. Because he never had it before. B. Because was greedy and selfish. C. Because he hated cabbage soup. D. Because he was always hungry. 3. Which word can replace the underlined word “nibble”? A. bite B. sniff C. piece D. bar 4. What can you infer about the family? A. They were ambitious. B. They almost starved to death. C. They liked chocolate. D. They cared about each other. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫Charlie Bucket的小男孩和他的家庭生活的艰辛，以及他对巧克力的渴望。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“There was a little boy called Charlie Bucket, who lived together with his parents and four grandparents in a small wooden house on the edge of a great town. There was only one bed, which was given to the four old grandparents. Mr. and Mrs. Bucket and little Charlie Bucket slept in the other room, upon mattresses on the floor. In the summertime, this wasn’t too bad, but in the winter, freezing cold draughts (穿堂风) blew across the floor all night long, and it was awful.(有一个叫查理·巴克特的小男孩，他和他的父母以及四个祖父母一起住在一个大城市边缘的一所小木屋里。家里只有一张床，是给四位年迈的爷爷奶奶的。巴克特夫妇和小查理·巴克特睡在另一个房间地板上的床垫上。在夏天，这还不算太糟，但在冬天，冰冷的穿堂风整夜在地板上吹来吹去，真是太可怕了)”可知，第一段主要讲的是生活条件差。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“As a growing boy, Charlie desperately wanted something more filling and satisfying than cabbage and cabbage soup. The one thing he longed for more than anything else was… CHOCOLATE.(作为一个成长中的男孩，查理迫切地想要比卷心菜和卷心菜汤更有饱腹感和满足感的东西。有一样东西是他最渴望的，那就是巧克力)”可知，查理那么想吃巧克力是因为他总是很饿。故选D。 3. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“he would peel back a tiny bit of the paper wrapping at one corner to expose a tiny bit of chocolate(他会剥开一角的一小块包装纸，露出一小块巧克力)”以及后文“just enough to allow the lovely sweet taste to spread out slowly over his tongue(刚好够让那甜蜜的味道在他的舌头上慢慢扩散)”可知，划线词所在句描述了查理吃巧克力的过程，“and then he would take a tiny nibble”指的是“然后他会咬一小口”，划线词nibble意思是“(咬下的)一口”，可用bite代替。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The whole family saved up their money for that special occasion, and when the great day arrived, Charlie was always presented with one small chocolate bar to eat all by himself.(全家人都为这个特殊的日子攒钱，当这个伟大的日子到来时，查理总是会得到一小块巧克力，让他自己吃)”可知，这个家庭互相关心，虽然非常穷困，但是全家一起攒钱，为了能让查理生日得到一小块巧克力。故选D。 Passage 2 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东惠州·期末)Cai Lei, an individual who previously occupied the role of deputy head of the JD conglomerate, unveils the transformative journey that commenced upon receiving the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, commonly abbreviated as ALS, which propelled him towards a quest for a remedy. Emerging into the world in the year 1978 within the confines of a rural household dedicated to agriculture, Cai was profoundly impacted by the philosophy of his progenitor, which posited that an individual must engage in a struggle for self-advancement. From the earliest stages of his educational journey, he committed to rising at the break of dawn, prior to the arrival of the fifth hour, to partake in physical exertion and the study of the English language. By the age of twenty-nine, he had ascended to the position of principal fiscal overseer within Vanke Corporation. In the year 2011, he transitioned to the JD conglomerate, spearheading his squad in the innovation of the inaugural electronic fiscal document in the nation of China. Irrespective of the professional environment in which he found himself, he consistently endeavored to generate novel contributions of value. In the year 2019, he was confronted with the somber reality of an ALS diagnosis, an affliction that typically portends a lifespan of merely two to five years. ALS is predominantly attributed to the progressive demise of motor neurons, a condition that renders routine activities such as hydration, nourishment, personal hygiene, and verbal communication insurmountable challenges. Ultimately, the afflicted are compelled to depend entirely on mechanical assistance and the support of others for sustenance. To date, the therapeutic arsenal for ALS is limited to a mere duo of pharmaceuticals, the efficacy of which is confined to a marginal prolongation of life by several months, without any substantive enhancement in the quality of existence. The development of efficacious pharmaceuticals stands as the solitary avenue for the salvation of ALS sufferers. Nevertheless, the magnitude of exertion demanded, coupled with the financial infeasibility given the rarity of the condition, renders this endeavor one of Herculean proportions. The gestation period for the research and development of a novel pharmaceutical typically spans a decade to a decade and a half, with an associated financial outlay ranging from one to three billion dollars. For illustrative purposes, consider Alzheimer's disease; between the years 2000 and 2017, the investment in the development of new pharmaceuticals for this more prevalent ailment surpassed six hundred billion dollars, with a staggering 99.6% of the research endeavors on over three hundred drugs culminating in failure. Undeterred, Cai resolved to assume direct control over his fate. He initiated his own enterprise in the domain of medical technology, assembled a dedicated research cohort, and selflessly subjected himself to the trial of more than thirty experimental pharmaceuticals, all of which regrettably proved ineffective. Despite these setbacks, he remains steadfast in his resolve to persevere. In a final, desperate act, he has pledged to bequeath his cerebral cortex and spinal column to the pursuit of scientific inquiry, ensuring that his demise will not be in vain. 5. What kind of person is Cai Lei? A. Extremely gifted and ambitious. B. Hard-working and warm-hearted. C. Quite responsible and dependable. D. Highly motivated and strong-willed. 6. What might happen to people diagnosed with ALS? A. Losing the ability to think and speak normally. B. Maintaining a normal life by taking medicines. C. Dying within months of a confirmed diagnosis. D. Needing external assistance to survive in the end. 7. Why is Alzheimerˈs disease mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To talk about the severity of Alzheimer. B. To prove Alzheimer to be a common disease. C. To explain the difficulty of finding a cure for ALS. D. To ask for more investment in the research on ALS. 8. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Joint efforts to fight ALS B. A man who never gives in C. ASL, a rare deadly disease D. Suffering of a man with ALS 【答案】5. D 6. D 7. C 8. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了蔡磊在被诊断出患有肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)后，他如何面对这一挑战并寻求治疗方法的故事。 5. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Cai was profoundly impacted by the philosophy of his progenitor, which posited that an individual must engage in a struggle for self-advancement.”(蔡雷深受他的祖先的哲学影响，这种哲学认为一个人必须为自我提升而奋斗。)和第五段“Undeterred, Cai resolved to assume direct control over his fate.”(蔡没有被吓倒，蔡雷决定直接掌控自己的命运。)可推知，蔡雷是一个高度有动力和意志坚强的人。故选D。 6. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Ultimately, the afflicted are compelled to depend entirely on mechanical assistance and the support of others for sustenance.”(最终，患者被迫完全依赖机械辅助和他人的支持来维持生活。)可推知，被诊断为ALS的人最终可能需要外部帮助才能生存。故选D。 7. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的句子“For illustrative purposes, consider Alzheimer's disease; between the years 2000 and 2017, the investment in the development of new pharmaceuticals for this more prevalent ailment surpassed six hundred billion dollars, with a staggering 99.6% of the research endeavors on over three hundred drugs culminating in failure”(为了说明问题，以阿尔茨海默病为例;2000年至2017年间，针对这种更为普遍的疾病的新药开发投资超过了6000亿美元，300多种药物的研究努力中有99.6%以失败告终)可知，文章提到阿尔茨海默病是为了说明为ALS找到治疗方法的难度。故选C。 8. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第五段“Undeterred, Cai resolved to assume direct control over his fate. He initiated his own enterprise in the domain of medical technology, assembled a dedicated research cohort, and selflessly subjected himself to the trial of more than thirty experimental pharmaceuticals, all of which regrettably proved ineffective. Despite these setbacks, he remains steadfast in his resolve to persevere.”(蔡没有被吓倒，他决定直接掌控自己的命运。他在医疗技术领域开创了自己的事业，组建了一支专门的研究队伍，无私地接受了三十多种实验药物的试验，但遗憾的是，这些药物都无效。尽管有这些挫折，他仍然坚定不移地坚持下去。)可知，短文的最佳标题为“一个永不屈服的人”。故选B。 Passage 3 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东·期末)Mia, a pre-adolescent of twelve years, is currently embarking on an annual peregrination with her progenitors and trio of juvenile siblings, distant from their domicile in Quebec, Canada. The familial unit has partaken in equine excursions through the Mongolian steppes, navigated waterways in Cambodia via kayak, sojourned amidst the Namibian wilderness, and soared above the Turkish landscape in a hot air balloon, all in pursuit of a repository of experiences that may occur but once in their existence. These reminiscences hold profound significance as, barring a scientific marvel in the near term, the progeny are destined to succumb to blindness in their maturation. They have been afflicted with a malady that lacks efficacious intervention and possesses an indeterminate schedule, progressively depriving them of the faculty of vision. The revelations of their conditions emerged in 2015. In the face of sorrow, the parents were struck by Mia’s composure at the tender age of seven. She proclaimed the necessity to cultivate an environment of order within her chamber, ensuring that every object held its rightful place. “I shall require prescience of the location of all articles,” Mia articulated. “She is autonomously devising remedies,” the parents remarked to one another. “We must adhere to her guidance.” Consequently, the concept of a yearlong expedition was conceived, one designed to expose the offspring to the panorama of the globe, in a manner both direct and intimate — whilst their visual faculties remained intact. For the subsequent biennium, the progenitors have amassed financial resources and investigated prospective destinations. “The disparity in the perspectival apprehension of the world by adults and children is vast,” the matriarch, Edith, remarked. “Our journey must eschew a focus on religious monuments and institutions of learning, instead gravitating towards whatever captures their gaze.” As the odyssey commenced its conclusion in the nascent stages of 2023, the family had traversed 52,000 miles and traversed eighteen nations. Mia, elongated in stature and on the cusp of adolescence, sought greater autonomy. Her confreres in youth were transformed, exuding an enhanced air of assurance and sociability. The progeny were acutely conscious of the wealth of knowledge they had amassed. “Existence is replete with affliction and destitution, yet it is also abundant in virtue and intriguing phenomena. We ought to maintain a positive stance,” Mia pronounced. 9. What’s the probable function of the first paragraph? A. To lead in the story behind. B. To arouse the readers’ interest. C. To provide background information. D. To inform readers of a wonderful trip. 10. What can be inferred about the parents from paragraph 3 and 4? A. They are optimistic about the children’s disease. B. They are surprised at their daughter’s creative ideas. C. They are proud of their daughter’s courage to face difficulties. D. They are open-minded enough to respect their children’s decision. 11. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The details about the year-long journey. B. The keen anticipation of Mia about the future. C. The changes of the kids physically and mentally. D. The impression Mia had of what she had experienced. 12. Which is the best title of the story? A. Seeing is believing. B. Making the most of the vision. C. Man who travels far knows more. D. The eyes are the window to the soul. 【答案】9. B 10. D 11. C 12. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个家庭中的孩子们因为患有会逐渐失去视力的疾病，而决定在他们还能看见的时候尽可能多地体验世界。他们进行了为期一年的全球旅行，希望能够在视力还完好时积累更多的经历和记忆。 9. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Mia, a pre-adolescent of twelve years, is currently embarking on an annual peregrination with her progenitors and trio of juvenile siblings, distant from their domicile in Quebec, Canada. The familial unit has partaken in equine excursions through the Mongolian steppes, navigated waterways in Cambodia via kayak, sojourned amidst the Namibian wilderness, and soared above the Turkish landscape in a hot air balloon, all in pursuit of a repository of experiences that may occur but once in their existence.(米娅，一个12岁的青春期前女孩，目前正与她的祖先和三个年幼的兄弟姐妹一起，远离他们在加拿大魁北克的住所，开始一年一度的旅行。这个家族成员骑着马在蒙古大草原上远足，乘坐皮划艇在柬埔寨的水道上航行，在纳米比亚的荒野中逗留，乘坐热气球飞越土耳其的风景，所有这些都是为了追求一种可能在他们的存在中只出现一次的经历。)”可知，第一段描述了Mia和她的家庭正在进行的一次年度旅行以及他们所参与过的各种冒险活动，并指出这些经历在他们的生命中可能只会出现一次；由此可知，第一段的功能为了引起读者的兴趣，想要知道为什么这些经历在他们的生命中可能只会出现一次。故选B。 10. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the face of sorrow, the parents were struck by Mia’s composure at the tender age of seven. She proclaimed the necessity to cultivate an environment of order within her chamber, ensuring that every object held its rightful place.(面对悲伤，父母被米娅在7岁时的镇定所打动。她宣布有必要在她的房间里营造一个有序的环境，确保每件物品都有其应有的位置。)”和文章第四段““She is autonomously devising remedies,” the parents remarked to one another. “We must adhere to her guidance.” Consequently, the concept of a yearlong expedition was conceived, one designed to expose the offspring to the panorama of the globe, in a manner both direct and intimate – whilst their visual faculties remained intact. For the subsequent biennium, the progenitors have amassed financial resources and investigated prospective destinations. (‘她是自主地想出解决办法的，’父母们相互说道，‘我们必须遵循她的指导。’因此，他们构想了为期一年的探险旅行的概念，旨在以直接而亲密的方式让子女们领略全球的风光，同时他们的视觉功能依然完好。在接下来的两年里，父母们积累了资金，并调查了潜在的目的地。)”可知，父母对Mia的自主性和创造性表示了赞赏，尊重女儿的决定，并遵循她的指导，构想进行为期一年的探险旅行。这表明父母非常开明，尊重孩子决定。故选D。 11. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As the odyssey commenced its conclusion in the nascent stages of 2023, the family had traversed 52,000 miles and traversed eighteen nations. Mia, elongated in stature and on the cusp of adolescence, sought greater autonomy. Her confreres in youth were transformed, exuding an enhanced air of assurance and sociability. The progeny were acutely conscious of the wealth of knowledge they had amassed. “Existence is replete with affliction and destitution, yet it is also abundant in virtue and intriguing phenomena. We ought to maintain a positive stance,” Mia pronounced.(随着这次漫长旅程在2023年初见端倪的阶段接近尾声，这个家庭已经跨越了52,000英里，游历了十八个国家。米娅，身材高挑，正值青春期的门槛，渴望更多的自主权。她的年轻同伴们也发生了蜕变，散发出更加自信和社交的气息。这些后代们深刻地意识到自己所积累的知识财富。‘生活中充满了苦难和贫困，但也充满了美德和有趣的现象。我们应该保持积极的态度，’米娅说道。)”可知，文章最后一段主要描写了孩子们在旅行过程中身心的变化，他们的身高增长，性格变得更加独立和自信。故选C。 12. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据文章第一段“Mia, a pre-adolescent of twelve years, is currently embarking on an annual peregrination with her progenitors and trio of juvenile siblings, distant from their domicile in Quebec, Canada. The familial unit has partaken in equine excursions through the Mongolian steppes, navigated waterways in Cambodia via kayak, sojourned amidst the Namibian wilderness, and soared above the Turkish landscape in a hot air balloon, all in pursuit of a repository of experiences that may occur but once in their existence.(米娅，一个12岁的青春期前女孩，目前正与她的祖先和三个年幼的兄弟姐妹一起，远离他们在加拿大魁北克的住所，开始一年一度的旅行。这个家族成员骑着马在蒙古大草原上远足，乘坐皮划艇在柬埔寨的水道上航行，在纳米比亚的荒野中逗留，乘坐热气球飞越土耳其的风景，所有这些都是为了追求一种可能在他们的存在中只出现一次的经历。)”以及第二段中“They have been afflicted with a malady that lacks efficacious intervention and possesses an indeterminate schedule, progressively depriving them of the faculty of vision.(他们患有一种疾病，缺乏有效的治疗方法，而且时间表不确定，逐渐剥夺了他们的视力。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一个家庭中的孩子们因为患有会逐渐失去视力的疾病，而决定在他们还能看见的时候尽可能多地体验世界。他们进行了为期一年的全球旅行，希望能够在视力还完好时积累更多的经历和记忆。因此，这个故事的主题是“充分利用视力”，即尽可能地利用自己还拥有的视力去体验世界，故B选项“Making the most of the vision”最符合文章主旨，为最佳标题。故选B。 Passage 4 (2023-2024学年高二下·湖北咸宁·期末)Alice Howland leads a busy life. She’s a famous professor of psychology at Harvard University and also in great demand as a speaker at seminars and conferences. As the story begins, Alice has traveled to Stanford University to give a talk. She begins sharing information that she has shared a thousand times before; she needs no notes. Then suddenly, a word escapes from her. The pause seems to last forever while she struggles to find the word. Finally, she clumsily uses the word “stuff” and continues, thinking the slip is due to the jet lag as she finishes her talk. Back home, Alice decides to go for a run. She follows a familiar route, but out of the blue(出乎意外) it isn’t familiar. She knows she is in Harvard Square but has no idea which way is home. She begins to panic. Then as suddenly as her sense of direction left her, it’s back again. She rapidly walks the distance to her house. Alice continues to experience other small mistakes now and then. But it isn’t until they become more and more frequent that she has a series of tests confirming that she has early-onset Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔兹海默症). As Alice’s condition worsens, she loses the ability to enjoy books and movies because she can no longer follow the plots. She doesn’t know how to spend her days. The once famous expert in linguistics(语言学), who was used to a busy schedule, suddenly has nothing really to do. She depends on her husband, John, and their three grown children, but she loses touch with everyone else. Although life was disappearing for Alice, it was moving on for her family. Anna, one of her daughters, has twins. Alice’s husband, a successful scientist in his own field, decides to accept a position in New York City and move there leaving Alice with their children. Not long before he leaves, John takes Alice to their beach house for one last vacation. While there, Alice has a clear moment and tells John that she remembers him and that she was smart once. John assures her that she is the smartest person he has ever known, and Alice replies that she misses herself. With John gone, a nurse comes to take care of Alice, who no longer recognizes her own children. Her daughters help care for her every day. 13. What does Alice think causes her mistake when giving a talk at Stanford University? A. The long plane trip. B. Her clumsiness. C. Her forgetting the notes. D. The busy schedule. 14. What does Alice feel when she first gets lost in her neighborhood? A. Embarrassed. B. Frightened. C. Thrilled. D. Annoyed. 15. How does Alice realize she may be ill? A. She can’t enjoy books and movies. B. She gets lost while jogging. C. Her husband decides to go to New York. D. She keeps forgetting familiar things. 16. Why does Alice say “she misses herself”? A. She can’t remember herself. B. She blames her husband. C. She is quite lonely every day. D. She feels sorry for herself. 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. D 16. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哈佛大学著名心理学教授爱丽丝从发现阿尔兹海默症到确诊，再到病情恶化的过程，以及家庭成员对此的反应和对她的支持。 13. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Finally, she clumsily uses the word “stuff” and continues, thinking the slip is due to the jet lag as she finishes her talk.(最后，她笨拙地使用了“stuff”这个词，继续讲下去，认为这次口误是由于时差造成的)”可知，爱丽丝认为她在斯坦福大学演讲时出现的失误是由长途飞行引起的时差效应。故选A项。 14. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She knows she is in Harvard Square but has no idea which way is home. She begins to panic.(她知道自己在哈佛广场，但不知道回家的路在哪。她开始惊慌失措)”可知，当爱丽丝第一次在她熟悉的社区里迷路时，她感到害怕。故选B项。 15. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Back home, Alice decides to go for a run. She follows a familiar route, but out of the blue(出乎意外) it isn’t familiar. She knows she is in Harvard Square but has no idea which way is home. She begins to panic. Then as suddenly as her sense of direction left her, it’s back again. She rapidly walks the distance to her house.(回到家中，爱丽丝决定去跑步。她沿着熟悉的路线前进，但突然之间，这条路变得陌生起来。她知道自己身处哈佛广场，但却不知道回家的方向。她开始恐慌。然后，正如她的方向感突然消失一样，它又突然回来了。她迅速步行回到了家)”及第四段“Alice continues to experience other small mistakes now and then. But it isn’t until they become more and more frequent that she has a series of tests confirming that she has early-onset Alzheimer’s disease.(爱丽丝时不时会犯一些小错误。但直到这些错误变得越来越频繁时，她才进行了一系列检查，证实她患有早发性阿尔茨海默病)”可知，爱丽丝意识到她可能生病是因为她不断忘记熟悉的事情。故选D项。 16. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While there, Alice has a clear moment and tells John that she remembers him and that she was smart once. John assures her that she is the smartest person he has ever known, and Alice replies that she misses herself.(在那里，爱丽丝有一刻头脑清晰，告诉约翰她记得他，记得自己曾经很聪明。约翰向她保证，她是他所认识的最聪明的人，而爱丽丝则回应说她想念过去的自己)”可推知，爱丽丝说“她想念自己”是因为她对自己现在的状况感到遗憾，她怀念过去聪明、有能力的自己。故选D项。 Passage 5 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东深圳·期末)Growing up in a suburban neighborhood in the Northeastern United States, the advent of springtime didn’t hold much significance for me. While it did bring a week-long respite from school, the focus was more on the vacation aspect than the season itself. For the children in my community, spring was largely an overlooked period. The year was divided into two primary seasons: winter, which offered the thrill of ice skating, sledding, and constructing snow forts; and summer, which allowed us to fully enjoy the beach located a short distance from my home. Spring and autumn were merely transitional periods, marking the countdown to the more exciting seasons. It’s true that as I matured, spring began to hold a certain charm for me, as suggested by the poetic line, “In the spring a young man’s fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love,” penned by Alfred Lord Tennyson. However, my fascination was more with the romantic notions associated with the season rather than the season itself. In essence, spring was not a season I paid much heed to... until my journey to China. After spending roughly three months in Beijing, my first Spring Festival made its presence known in an undeniable way. The sporadic fireworks throughout the day and night were a clear indication, but what truly struck me was the apparent absence of the usual hustle and bustle in the city. The usual throngs of people, streams of vehicles, and the general city noise seemed to have vanished. This mystery was resolved upon my return to work. My colleagues enlightened me that it is customary for Chinese people to travel, if necessary, to reunite with their families during the Spring Festival. Many residents of Beijing are not originally from the capital. Furthermore, I was introduced to a fascinating aspect of the Spring Festival that continues to astonish me. Regardless of when the holiday commences, there is an almost instantaneous and perceptible improvement in the weather. Spring truly makes its entrance. The ancient Chinese ability to devise a system that could consistently and accurately herald the change of seasons, year after year, is beyond my comprehension. Yet, they managed to achieve this remarkable feat. 17. What did the author think of spring as a child? ______ A. It was a season full of promise. B. It was always beyond his imagination. C. It was a tiring and long holiday. D. It hardly left a good impression on him. 18. What impressed the author most about Beijing during the Spring Festival? ______ A. The busy traffic. B. The unexpected quietness. C. Beijingers’ love for travel. D. Occasional bursts of fireworks. 19. How does the author feel about the system created by ancient Chinese? ______ A. Adorable. B. Confused. C. Wonderful. D. Convenient. 20. What can be inferred from the text? ______ A. Spring Festival in Beijing will make one feel quite lonely. B. The author spent his first Spring Festival at a colleague’s home. C. In China Spring Festival always indicates the coming of Spring. D. The author still worked during the Spring Festival while in Beijing. 【答案】17. D 18. B 19. C 20. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过对比作者童年时对春天的印象和在中国北京过春节的经历，表达了对中国文化的赞叹。 17. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in a suburban neighborhood in the Northeastern United States, the advent of springtime didn’t hold much significance for me. (我在美国东北部的一个郊区长大，春天的到来对我来说并没有多大意义。)”可知作者小时候对春天几乎没有什么好感。故选D。 18. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The sporadic fireworks throughout the day and night were a clear indication, but what truly struck me was the apparent absence of the usual hustle and bustle in the city. (白天和晚上零星的烟火是一个明显的迹象，但真正让我印象深刻的是，城市里明显没有往常的喧嚣。)”和第五段“The usual throngs of people, streams of vehicles, and the general city noise seemed to have vanished. (平时熙熙攘攘的人群、川流不息的车辆和城市的喧嚣似乎都消失了。)”可知作者对北京在春节期间的异常宁静印象深刻。故选B。 19. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The ancient Chinese ability to devise a system that could consistently and accurately herald the change of seasons, year after year, is beyond my comprehension. Yet, they managed to achieve this remarkable feat. (中国古人能够设计出一种系统，能够年复一年地持续准确地预示季节的变化，这超出了我的理解。然而，他们成功地完成了这一了不起的壮举。)”表明作者对古代中国人创造的系统感到惊奇和赞叹。故选C。 20. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Furthermore, I was introduced to a fascinating aspect of the Spring Festival that continues to astonish me. Regardless of when the holiday commences, there is an almost instantaneous and perceptible improvement in the weather. Spring truly makes its entrance. (此外，我还被介绍到春节迷人的一面，这让我一直感到惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气几乎立刻就有了明显的好转。春天真的来了。)”可推断春节总是预示着春天的到来。故选C。 Passage 6 (2023-2024学年高二下·广东·期末)Canadian author Alice Munro, a master of the contemporary short story, passed away on May 13, 2024, at 92. Munro’s texts featured depictions of everyday but decisive events, pulling vast themes out of ordinary settings. Her characters often mirrored her own rural Ontario lifestyle. In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. “I don’t think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,” she said. “As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.” Munro’s first short story was published when she was 37, a college dropout squeezing in writing time around her children’s naps. By the time she was in her 60s, she had become one of the most celebrated short-story writers in the world. Throughout her long career, she hardly ever failed to wow readers and critics with her quietly powerful language. In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote “A Munro story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes(滋养) us almost as much as a novel does.” In a literary culture that tends to celebrate novels over shorter fiction, Munro has been a constant advocate for the power of the short story. In the interview, Munro emphasized the significance of her win not for herself, but for her art form: “I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you play around with until you get a novel written.” When asked “Do you want young women to be inspired by your books and feel inspired to write?” Munro replied, “I don’t care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways.” 21. Why did Munro feel free to write while living in rural areas? A. She was inspired by rural landscape and lifestyles. B. She was free from stress of a more cultured setting. C. She had more courage to compete with urban writers. D. She had access to ordinary people and decisive events. 22. What did Alan Cheuse say about Munro’s stories in Dear Life? A. They promote readers’ mental well-being. B. They have broken the length limit of short stories. C. They impress readers with quietly powerful language. D. They offer richness and depth in shorter format. 23. How did Munro view the short story in literary culture? A. It is more powerful than novels. B. It is a way of entertainment for young writers. C. It is as important an art form as novels. D. It is an inspiration for young writers. 24. What did Munro want readers to get by reading her books? A. Inspiration to become writers themselves. B. Enjoyment and connection to their own lives. C. Pleasure and motivation to change their lives. D. Information about art forms and literary culture. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了加拿大作家爱丽丝·门罗(Alice Munro)的生平和她在短篇小说领域的卓越贡献。 21. 细节理解题。根据第二段“In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. “I don’t think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,” she said. “As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.”(在获得诺贝尔奖后的一次采访中，她说住在小镇给了她写作的自由。她说：“如果我生活在一个城市，与人们在所谓的更高文化水平上竞争，我想我不会这么勇敢。”“据我所知，至少在一段时间内，我是我认识的唯一一个写故事的人。”)”可知，门罗在农村生活时可以自由写作，这是由于她不需要与更高文化水平的人们竞争，这免去了她的压力。故选B。 22. 推理判断题。根据第三段“In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote “A Munro story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养) us almost as much as a novel does.”(在评论她的上一部作品集《亲爱的生活》时，美国国家公共电台评论家Alan Cheuse写道：“门罗的故事在一个故事的范围内给了我们如此多的生命，它几乎和小说一样滋养着我们。”)”可知，Alan Cheuse认为门罗作品集《亲爱的生活》中的故事即使在较短的篇幅中也提供了丰富的内容和深度，几乎像小说一样滋养读者。故选D。 23. 推理判断题。根据第四段“I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you play around with until you get a novel written.(我真地希望这能让人们把短篇小说视为一种重要的艺术，而不仅仅是你在写小说之前玩的东西)”可知，门罗认为短篇小说也需要被视为一种重要的艺术，即它和小说一样重要。故选C。 24. 推理判断题。根据第五段“I don’t care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways.(我不在乎。我希望人们找到的与其说是灵感，不如说是巨大的快乐。我希望他们认为我的书在某种程度上与他们自己的生活有关)”可知，门罗希望人们通过阅读她的书获得巨大的快乐，并且希望人们认为她的书与自己的生活有关，即门罗希望读者享受并与自己的生活产生联系。故选B。 Passage 7 (2023-2024学年高二下·江苏镇江·期末)For generations, the name Milton Hershey has been a well-known word closely connected with fine chocolate products throughout the country and around the world. He was born in 1857 on a farm near Derry Church, a small Pennsylvania community. Frequent family moves interrupted his schooling and left him with limited education. He only completed the fourth grade. Following a four-year apprenticeship(学徒期) with a Lancaster candy maker, he established his first candy-making business in Philadelphia. That initial effort failed as did his next two attempts in Chicago and New York. However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business. Returning to Lancaster in 1883, Hershey established the Lancaster Caramel Company, which quickly became an outstanding success. It was this business that established him as a candy maker and set the stage for future achievements. Hershey became fascinated with German chocolate-making machinery exhibited at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. He bought the equipment for his Lancaster plant and soon began producing various chocolate creations. Then in 1900, he sold the Lancaster Caramel Co. in order to focus entirely on his chocolate business. Three years later, Hershey returned to Derry Church to build a new factory. There he could obtain the large supplies of fresh milk needed to perfect and produce fine milk chocolate. Through trial and error, he created his own formula for milk chocolate. In 1903 he began construction on what was to become the world’s largest chocolate plant. After its completion, Hershey's milk chocolate quickly became the first nationally marketed product of its kind. With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. The town of Hershey continues to be a special place for its residents and a popular at action for millions of visitors each year. Indeed, Milton Hershey's achievements do speak for themselves. 25. What stopped Hershey from having systematic school education? A. His family’s continual relocation. B. His lack of interest in study. C. His failure to meet school requirements. D. His parents’ attaching little value to education. 26. Why did Hershey sell his Lancaster plant? A. The plant had suffered a huge loss. B. The produced candies were of low quality. C. His machinery business needed a lot of money. D. He decided to commit himself to chocolate production. 27. Which of the following best describes Hershey? A. Gentle and open-minded. B. Determined and public-spirited. C. Honest and generous. D. Humorous and creative. 28. What can be the most suitable title for the text? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Many hands make light work. C. Impossible is nothing to a willing heart. D. Great hopes and good wills make great man. 【答案】25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，主要介绍Milton Hershey创办Hershey’s Chocolate的历程，以及他的社会责任感。 25. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Frequent family moves interrupted his schooling and left him with limited education. He only completed the fourth grade. (频繁的家庭搬迁中断了他的学业，使他所受的教育有限。他只读完了四年级)”可知，家庭的不断搬迁阻止Hershey接受系统的学校教育。故选A。 26. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then in 1900, he sold the Lancaster Caramel Co. in order to focus entirely on his chocolate business. (然后在1900年，他卖掉了兰开斯特焦糖公司，以便完全专注于他的巧克力生意。)”可知，为了专注于巧克力业务，Hershey卖掉了Lancaster焦糖公司。故选D。 27. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Following a four-year apprenticeship (学徒期) with a Lancaster candy maker, he established his first candy-making business in Philadelphia. That initial effort failed as did his next two attempts in Chicago and New York. However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business. Returning to Lancaster in 1883, Hershey established the Lancaster Caramel Company, which quickly became an outstanding success. (在兰开斯特一家糖果制造商当了四年学徒之后，他在费城建立了自己的第一家糖果制造公司。最初的尝试失败了，接下来他在芝加哥和纽约的两次尝试也失败了。然而，他从未放弃自己创业的希望。1883年，Hershey回到兰开斯特，成立了兰开斯特焦糖公司，并迅速取得了巨大的成功。)”可知，虽然失败了几次，但Hershey没有放弃，最终建立了自己的公司并获得成功，由此推知他有决心；根据最后一段的“With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. (Milton Hershey的成功带来了巨大的社会责任感。Hershey在他的工厂周围建立了一个全新的社区。他为他的员工建造了一个模范城镇，包括舒适的住房、廉价的公共交通系统、高质量的公立学校系统和广泛的文化机会。)”推知，他热心公益。故选B。 28. 主旨大意题。根据第二段的“However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business.(然而，他从未放弃自己创业的希望。)”以及最后一段“With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. ( Milton Hershey的成功带来了巨大的社会责任感。Hershey在他的工厂周围建立了一个全新的社区。他为他的员工建造了一个模范城镇，包括舒适的住房、廉价的公共交通系统、高质量的公立学校系统和广泛的文化机会。)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述Milton Hershey满怀热情和希望，不畏失败，永不言弃地创办Hershey’s Chocolate的历程，以及他的社会责任感，因此D项“伟大的希望和强大的意志造就伟大的人”为最佳标题，故选D。 Passage 8 (2023-2024学年高二下·浙江温州·期末)Pablo Picasso, born in 1881 in Malaga, was an active artist for most of his long life. His father, an artist himself, was his first and most formative art teacher. Picasso had one of the most fruitful and creative careers in history. Picasso went through many creative periods in his career. His “Blue Period” started in 1901, when one of his dear friends, a painter and poet named Carlos, passed away in a cafe in Paris. Picasso was deeply affected, and sank into a depression that lasted several years. In 1904, Picasso moved to Montmartre in Paris, and settled into the community of artists and creators there. Coming out of his depression, Picasso moved on from dark and serious subjects in his paintings to more lighthearted compositions featuring harlequins, clowns and carnival performers. His color palette(调色盘) warmed up as well, with his paintings now bathed in reds, oranges, pinks and earth tones. This period was known as Picasso’s “Rose Period” and it lasted until 1906. From 1906 to 1909 Picasso was heavily inspired by African art, after he was exposed to traditional African masks(面具) and other art objects coming from Africa into French museums in Paris. This stage was called his “African Period”, and was a precursor(先驱) to his most famous period, “Cubism”. Influenced by Paul Cezanne’s experimentation with three-dimensional spacing and perspective on art, Picasso and Georges Braque led the artistic movement known as Cubism. This way of breaking down a form to its most basic forms and reconstructing them in an abstracted way is what Picasso is most known for. Throughout his life, Picasso took inspiration from everywhere in his life, whether it be working through his emotions, responding to a difficult life event, or the works of his fellow artists. In turn, his life’s works have inspired and influenced millions of people around the world and forever changed the history of art. 29. Which event caused Picasso’s “Blue Period”? A. His moving to Paris. B. The death of his friend. C. The influence of his father. D. The infection of a serious disease. 30. What can we learn from the text? A. Picasso’s paintings were warm-colored before 1906. B. Picasso went to Africa for new ideas in the 1900s. C. Picasso was the pioneer in the use of 3D techniques. D. Picasso’s painting style changed with his life experience. 31. What’s purpose of this text? A. To show the difficulties Picasso met with in his life. B. To explore when Picasso’s paintings stood out. C. To introduce how Picasso got inspired for his art. D. To tell the way Picasso’s success has influenced the world. 32. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A guidebook. B. A book review. C. A news report. D. A biography. 【答案】29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了毕加索的艺术生涯，包括他的蓝色时期、玫瑰时期和受非洲艺术影响的阶段，以及立体主义的开创，展现了他如何从生活经历中获取灵感。 29. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“His ‘Blue Period’ started in 1901, when one of his dear friends, a painter and poet named Carlos, passed away in a cafe in Paris. Picasso was deeply affected, and sank into a depression that lasted several years.(他的“蓝色时期”始于1901年，当时他的一位挚友，一位名叫卡洛斯的画家和诗人，在巴黎的一家咖啡馆去世。毕加索深受影响，陷入了持续数年的抑郁症)”可知，毕加索的“蓝色时期”是由他朋友的去世引发的。故选B。 30. 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段的“His ‘Blue Period’ started in 1901, when one of his dear friends, a painter and poet named Carlos, passed away in a cafe in Paris. Picasso was deeply affected, and sank into a depression that lasted several years.(他的“蓝色时期”始于1901年，当时他的一位挚友，一位名叫卡洛斯的画家和诗人，在巴黎的一家咖啡馆去世。毕加索深受影响，陷入了持续数年的抑郁症)”，第三段的“Coming out of his depression, Picasso moved on from dark and serious subjects in his paintings to more lighthearted compositions featuring harlequins, clowns and carnival performers. His color palette (调色盘) warmed up as well, with his paintings now bathed in reds, oranges, pinks and earth tones. This period was known as Picasso’s ‘Rose Period’ and it lasted until 1906.(从抑郁症中走出来后，毕加索从画作中黑暗而严肃的主题转向了以丑角、小丑和狂欢节表演者为主角的更轻松的作品。他的调色板也变暖了，他的画现在沐浴在红色、橙色、粉红色和泥土色调中。这一时期被称为毕加索的“玫瑰时期”，一直持续到1906年)”和第四段“From 1906 to 1909 Picasso was heavily inspired by African art, after he was exposed to traditional African masks ( 面具) and other art objects coming from Africa into French museums in Paris. This stage was called his ‘African Period’ and was a precursor (先驱) to his most famous period, ‘Cubism’.(从1906年到1909年，毕加索在巴黎的法国博物馆里接触到传统的非洲面具和其他来自非洲的艺术品后，深受非洲艺术的启发。这个阶段被称为他的“非洲时期”，是他最著名的时期“立体主义”的前身)$$