专题-S742 选修四 Unit 4 Sharing 七选五【题型易-考试题型精练】高二下(选择性必修四)英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版2019）

高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 专题-S742七选五 人教版选择性必修四 题型特训 Unit 4 Sharing 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （22-23高二下·辽宁鞍山·期中）I love travelling. One of my fondest memories of travel is when I spent a few days backpacking in Bucharest, Romania. An unexpected act of kindness from a stranger truly made me feel moved. 1 The first day I arrived in Bucharest I had to take the bus from the train station to my accommodation. I boarded the bus and found out that none of my cards worked and I wasn’t able to buy a ticket. 2 Although I explained that it wasn’t my intention and I had just arrived from Brasov, they still didn’t believe me and fined me for not having a ticket. After doing some research online, I found that most buses in Bucharest do not accept cash or any form of payment onboard. You have to purchase a card at certain places in the city, top it up with money, and then pay onboard. 3 You can use wireless pay to purchase a ticket. I was delighted after finding out such good news as I did not want another fine. 4 After I got on the bus, I found the ticket machine to be the same as the one I had met with on my first day in Bucharest. I tried in vain every method, including wireless pay, Apple Pay and cash. 5 At that moment, a kind middle-aged man standing next to me handed me a card. I understood that it was a card for the bus. The man paid for my bus ride. A．I started to panic. B．Few things seemed to work. C．It is still vivid in my mind now. D．One place I will never forget is Romania. E．Worse still, I was stopped by policemen on the bus. F．However, the buses connecting to the airports are more modern. G．Fast forward to my last day, I planned to take the bus to Bucharest Airport. Passage 2 （23-24高三上·山东菏泽·期末）Does your dog always want to go wherever you’re going and most of the time, this behavior is welcomed? 1 However, if you find your dog doing this too often or if it’s accompanied by other troubling behavior like eating less, going outside less often or interacting less with other family members, there could be potential issues. 2 Usually, it’s simply out of loyalty and the close relationship that’s been created with its owner, because he or she is the one that provides care and comfort and keeps it safe. However, sometimes, your dog wants to follow you possibly due to something negative. 3 Dogs are emotional animals and may feel anxious for some reason sometimes. It may take much time and training to help your dog work through what’s causing the problem 4 You’ll have to work with your dog consistently or hire a professional trainer. One way to stop your dog from following you might be putting it in a secure and reliable area. 5 If your dog spends all of its time with you and you alone, it may express a dislike for being away from you or interacting with other humans or dogs. A．You and your dog must have a similar lifestyle. B．You may think it’s because it loves and trusts you. C．There are many reasons why dogs follow their owners. D．For example, it could be ill, bored, nervous or stressed. E．Keep in mind that the behavior won’t be cured overnight. F．Another trick might be to make sure your dog socializes enough. G．This could be especially true if dogs can take care of themselves. Passage 3 （22-23高二下·重庆·阶段练习）Safer Internet Day is a yearly event in which Internet companies, charities, and schools team up to talk about how young people can stay safe online. 1 This year’s event is on 8th February. 2 And it will focus on respect and relationships in games, social apps, and anywhere else that people spend time online. Safer Internet Day is happening as the UK Government works on its Online Safety Bill, which will introduce more rules for how social media and technology companies keep people safe when using their services. It will put an organization called Ofcom in charge. 3 “Any service that is used by children in the UK will have to understand the risks and put in place measures to keep them safe,” says Tony Stower, who is in charge of online safety at Ofcom. 4 They can learn about how they can help to make the Internet a safe and positive place. “They can be good digital citizens, remembering that if you send a message that might be mean or unpleasant, that’s going to hurt the person receiving it,” says Stower. “ 5 Tell a trusted adult — a teacher, a parent or an older sibling, for example — if you see something that worries or scares or upsets you online.” A．Its theme is “All Fun and Games?”. B．Ofcom has carried out surveys with young people. C．30% of young people say they have been bullied online. D．This organization will make sure all tech companies follow the new rules. E．If you get those kinds of messages, it’s also important that you report them. F．Meanwhile, he hopes that the event will be a helpful reminder for young people. G．They also talk about how young people can avoid having bad experiences online. Passage 4 （23-24高二下·河南漯河·期末）Yesterday I volunteered with some of my fellow Rotaract Club of Hampstead, Hendon, and Golders Green (HH&GG) members at the Hampstead Christmas Festival. Rotaract is a service club for people aged 18 to 30. Through the Rotaract program, young adults can meet new people and learn new skills. 1 . When we arrived at the Festival we had no idea what we would be asked to do. 2 . My feet were wet within minutes of getting there! 3 , making sure no unauthorised people got on it during the show. I’m pleased to say we managed to do this successfully! We also were able to hear the Chicken Shed Theatre group and An get Blue singing — both were brilliant. However, volunteering isn’t supposed to be fun, is it? It is supposed to be a selfless act which you do for others, so the fact that you don’t enjoy it doesn’t matter, right? Wrong! 4 ! It might not always involve meeting celebrities or doing something new and exciting, but it can always be fun. And volunteering isn’t necessarily a selfless act — you can learn and develop skills, try new things, and meet lots of new and interesting people. We gave up our time to help out at the Festival, despite the bad weather, with no idea of what our role would be. 5 . For example, we got more chairs for the stage when required. We had a fantastic experience this Sunday afternoon. A．It was a cold, dark, rainy day B．Volunteering is supposed to be fun C．Also they can help their local community D．Our role at the event would be to turn the lights on E．Some past members of the club have benefited a lot F．Our role at the Festival was to stand behind the stage G．We not only had an important job but also helped in other ways Passage 5 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）If you always take on too many projects at once and spend too much of your time doing things you don’t want to do, or if you always get things done, but they are not always the best you can do, you must be a person who’s terrible at saying no. 1 Being a quitter isn’t being someone who doesn’t see important things through to the end. 2 By quitting these things, you’ll free up time to do things that actually create value. You’ll be able to begin to put your time and effort into the things you’d actually like to do.   3 We say, “Well, I’ve already invested (投入) so much time in this, I might as well hold on to the end.” Instead, quit as often as possible, regardless of the time invested. If you’re reading a book and don’t like it, stop reading. 4 Instead of reading an entire book you hate, read half of a bad one and half of a good one. Isn’t that a better use of your time? Let’s learn how to say “no” at the beginning or in the middle and free up more of our time to do the things we’d like to be doing and the things actually worth doing. 5 But if we do both, we’ll start to make sure that we’re spending our time creating value, rather than increasing our losses. Let’s be quitters together. A．Everyone’s time is different. B．Then it’s time for you to be a quitter. C．The ability to say no is important in our lives. D．Saying no is hard and admitting a mistake is even harder. E．The cleverest thing to do is stop before your losses grow even more. F．A quitter is someone who gets out when there’s no value in what he’s doing. G．We always get involved in something, realize we don’t like it but keep on going. 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （22-23高二下·广东东莞·期末）How Can Teens Volunteer in the Communities? Encouraging teens to volunteer in the community has lasting rewards, including increased self-confidence and a sense of belonging. 1 ● Community Service Teens can volunteer at museums, parks and stations. They can also visit the elderly in nursing homes to provide companionship to people who might not have been visited by family or friends in a while. Organizations differ on their standards for teen volunteers. 2 ● Environmental Cleanup 3 They can just get into their neighborhood and help clean it up. Teens can help beautify their neighborhood by picking up trash, planting flowers or starting a community garden. Teens can also start recycling projects, and encourage their neighbors to participate in efforts to clean up the environment and live a more sustainable lifestyle. ● Tutoring Teens who want to help in their communities can volunteer by tutoring others. They can participate in peer tutoring at their school, or offer their services at a local library. 4 Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring. 5 It also helps teens expand their mind, look good on college and job applications, and find potential career paths. A．Many communities offer service programs. B．Teens don’t have to join formal organizations. C．Here are common ways for teens to help the communities. D．So check with them first to find out different requirements. E．Volunteering allows teens to have a positive influence on others. F．They can persuade the immigrants to join in some volunteering activities. G．Teens can also reach out to immigrants whose first language isn’t English. Passage 7 （23-24高二下·安徽亳州·期中）If you’re looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list of opportunities for remote volunteers. 1 , there are also ways to make a difference without leaving home. Below is a list of virtual volunteer opportunities that allow you to have a positive impact while sitting on your couch. 2 . NRDC is on a mission to protect the earth, and you can help them through virtual volunteering by joining their Activist Network, which is linked on this page along with current online opportunities. Some sample actions might be contacting congress, opposing bills that are harmful to the environment, and sharing important messages on social media. Use your voice to protect the earth. Friends of the Earth is committed to changing economic and political policies and systems that lead to injustice and that harm nature. 3 , you can tell congress to save the bees and contact food companies to demand natural ingredients. Friends of the Earth makes it easy to add your voice to a cause, too, as each campaign features a form with a built-in message that you can edit if you’d like and send with one click. Virtually mentor high school kids. iCloudBe’s mission is -to empower at-risk middle and high school students to stay in school and reach their goals with the help of an online community of mentors. 4 , which entails mentoring a student and helping them prepare for their dream career for one hour per week during the school year. Scan & proofread books to make reading accessible to all. Bookshare, an e-book library devoted to making reading easier for all, is always on the lookout for remote volunteers to scan and proofread books for their collection. 5 . A．Send a care package to a solider B．You’ll be able to see the wish list before signing up. C．Add your voice to the meaningful volunteer work of climate change fighters D．When you check this page for easy ways to volunteer by taking simple actions E．You can take part in meaningful volunteer work online by becoming an eMentor F．While offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile. G．Their library features books that are customizable for people with reading disabilities. Passage 8 （23-24高二下·广东·期末）On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. 1 As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence. 2 Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results. Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. 3 An example of what this could sound like is, “Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.” Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. 4 There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big difference. Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you’re teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. 5 A．Show your kindness and respect to others. B．This informs them that they are appreciated. C．As your conversation continues, ask what is needed. D．Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively. E．When you are in contribution to others, you make a positive impact. F．As a leader, you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge. G．One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily. Passage 9 （23-24高二下·广东·阶段练习）You’ve sized up the benefits of volunteering, looked over your schedule, and decided you have both the time and desire to give back to your community. 1 Here are some tips to find and get suitable volunteer opportunities in your area — or farther afield. Identify your values. 2 Make a list of the values that drive you, or the issues you care about, and then look for organizations with complementary (互补的) missions and opportunities. For instance, if your primary motivation is to strengthen social connections with peers, you might look to organizations such as school groups that require interaction with other parents, or neighbors. If you’re motivated to serve the less fortunate, you might target organizations that work with housing-insecure populations, people with disabilities or members of historically disadvantaged groups. Motivations for volunteering are as diverse as the volunteers harboring them. 3 Try to involve the whole family. Many parents who volunteer turn giving back into a family affair. Community service is a great way to teach kids the value of selflessness. 4 Look for volunteer engagements that welcome people of all ages and abilities, and schedule time for the whole family to participate —whether that means spending an afternoon picking up trash on the side of the highway, or a week in a faraway flood zone. 5 Once you find a well-run organization that aligns with (符合) your availability, values, talents, and objectives, work with your contact there to set a volunteer schedule that fits your life. If you’re exploring a frequent engagement — say, a weekly or biweekly commitment —think carefully about how much time you can afford to donate. It’s better to commit to shorter or less frequent volunteer hours than to take on an unmanageable workload. A．What motivates you to give back? B．Don’t bite off more than you can chew. C．Are you ready to build a list of ideal places to volunteer? D．It’s also an opportunity to spend more time with your family. E．Don’t overthink the process of finding opportunities to volunteer. F．Whatever your motivations are, there’s an organization out there that needs your help. G．Now comes the most difficult part: finding volunteer opportunities that are right for you. Passage 10 （22-23高二下·福建三明·期末）What do you do with old stuff? That top you bought for a party three years ago, for example You wore it once and it’s been hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜) ever since. You could throw it away, but that seems wasteful-after all it’s still perfectly usable. So, what to do? 1 The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th Century. The Salvation Army, a UK charity, was one of the first to run a second-hand clothing shop to provide the poor and needy with affordable clothes. 2 It also raised money for the war effort during World War Two. These days, charity shops are a common sight with around 11,200 shops across the UK, according to the Charity Retail Association. During business hours any member of the public can donate their unwanted items to a charity shop. 3 These items are checked and if found still serviceable, priced up to be sold at a heavily discounted price. For many this is a win-win situation. 4 To the consumer, it provides the opportunity to buy, often extremely cheaply, items and clothes. To the donator, it may help to ease consumer guilt “You can make a pretty good case, because what you are doing is going towards a charitable cause and you are saving stuff from landfill,” Clare Press, fashion journalist and sustainable style advocate, tells the Guardian. 5 On more than one occasion a buyer has purchased something very cheaply, only to later discover its true value. It sold at auction (拍卖会) for £4,200. So next time you need to rid yourself of something, spare a thought for the charity shop-after all, charity begins at home! A．Most charity shops will take anything. B．Here are some tips that you can follow. C．It’s recommended to donate new items. D．In the UK, we might take it to a charity shop. E．There are sometimes hidden treasures for the buyers, too. F．To the charity, it means they can pursue their charitable aim. G．This was followed by charities such as the British Red Cross. 三、 高阶提升 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Passage 11 （2024·安徽·模拟预测）Initiating volunteering activities in your community is a powerful way to form unity, address local needs, and create a positive impact. To embark on this fulfilling journey, consider the following steps. Identify community needs 1 . Conduct surveys hold town hall meetings, or collaborate with local authorities to identify areas that require support. Whether it’s education, healthcare, environmental issues, or social welfare, a clear understanding of the community’s needs is crucial. Build partnerships Establish partnerships with local organizations, non-profits, and community leaders. 2 . Engage in open dialogues to assess ongoing initiatives and find areas where additional help is needed. Building a network ensures a coordinated and effective approach to addressing community needs. 3 Launch volunteer recruitment drives through community centers, schools, and social media. Clearly communicate the goals, the impact volunteers can make, and the benefits of collective action. Provide various spaces for involvement, recognizing that people have different skills and time commitments. 4 . Celebrate achievements and maintain motivations Regularly acknowledge and celebrate the contributions of volunteers. 5 . Establish a system for continuous feedback and improvement. Sustain momentum by organizing regular community events, forums, or workshops to keep the spirit of volunteerism alive and address emerging needs. Consistency and community involvement are key to creating a lasting impact through volunteering. A．Organize volunteer drives B．Always lean on neighbors for assistance C．Create a sign-up system to update the process D．Cooperative efforts highlight the impact of volunteering E．Start by understanding the specific needs of your community F．Share success stories to inspire others and create a positive feedback circle G．Regularly assess the impact of volunteer efforts, adapting strategies to evolving community needs Passage 12 （22-23高二下·浙江·期中）Every parent wants their children to develop well. 1 . However, for a child, play is the main way of interacting with the world, mastering new knowledge and skills. The game performs several functions. 2 . Through the game, the child learns new skills and develops speech, thinking and logic, memory, attention and other mental functions. This applies not only to special educational games, but outdoor games which promote physical development and strengthen the health of the child. Also, any games develop creativity and imagination. Way of communication. A game for a child is also a way to convey to an adult their experiences: joys, anxieties, fears, hopes, expectations. Often, through the game, the child tells parents something important about himself and learns something important about his parents. The game is a way to be closer, to feel the support, care and love of parents. 3 . Development of social skill and familiarity with social roles. 4 . Through the game, children learn about the concepts of “good” and “bad”. In games, children learn different social roles: they learn to be parents, friends, teachers, doctors, kings and presidents. Many games develop independence and responsibility, teach the child to overcome difficulties, take care of others, give gifts and share. Pleasure and joy. The game brings pleasure, joy and a lot of other positive emotions to the child and the significance of this cannot be underestimated (after all, even for adults, positive emotions are very important: they support us, help us develop and look at life positively). 5 . It is the key to the full development of the individual. A．Knowledge of the world. B．Education and development. C．Therefore, it is very important that parents find time to play together with their child. D．Joint games best teach adults to understand their children and find a common language with them. E．Also, through the game, the child learns to be proud of his success, which supports his self-esteem. F．In games, children learn to follow the rules, control their behavior, develop communication skills with peers and adults. G．Sometimes it seems that a child’s game is empty entertainment and it would be better to replace it with something more useful. Passage 13 （22-23高二下·河南郑州·期中）As we think about how blessed we are on this day, take this opportunity to be a blessing to someone else. Make acts of kindness a new part of your yearly Easter (复活节) traditions. Here are some inspiring deeds you can do for your friends, family, loved ones, and even strangers. Take a meal to someone alone on Easter Many of us know someone—a neighbor, a coworker, a family friend—who will be spending Easter alone. 1 , you can still brighten their day with acts of kindness on Easter. Find out their favorite foods and cook them a delicious Easter meal. Drop it off on Easter Sunday morning and spend some time with them before heading to your own celebrations. Volunteer your time Easter may be a Sunday, but there are plenty of jobs that still need doing. If you have some free time over your Easter weekend, 2 . See if a local food shelter is doing a canned food drive. Check for a nearby soup kitchen and see if you can help serve Easter dinner to those less fortunate. Look up your county’s parks department and volunteer to plant some new spring flowers in the parks around the area. No matter how you do it, 3 . 4 The days after Easter can be a difficult time for animal shelters, particularly ones that take in rabbits. Because people want to give rabbits as an Easter gift (without learning how to care for them), 5 . Donate your money or time to an animal shelter or rabbit rescue. Your gift will help these rabbits get healthier, find forever homes, and bring joy to others even after Easter is over. A．Donate to an animal shelter B．spending your time serving others will truly put you in the Easter spirit C．Even if you are not able to invite them to join your own festival activities D．Organize a neighborhood Easter egg hunt E．many shelters report high numbers of rabbits being abandoned (抛弃) F．Consider starting a new Easter tradition the whole block will love G．sign up to volunteer within your community Passage 14 （2024·全国·模拟预测）Volunteering is a transformative act that not only benefits individuals but also has a profound impact on communities. 1 : Providing Unmet Needs Volunteers play a crucial role in addressing unmet needs within communities. They step up to fill gaps in services, provide assistance to vulnerable populations, and support community organizations and nonprofits. 2 , whether it’s feeding the homeless, tutoring disadvantaged children, or offering support to the elderly. Inspiring Community Engagement 3 , they are inspired to get involved themselves. Volunteers often share their experiences, raising awareness and motivating others to contribute their time and resources. This increased community engagement leads to a more active and participatory community, where individuals work collectively to address challenges and create positive change. 4 When individuals come together with a common purpose, they create a sense of belonging and unity. Volunteers cooperate with like-minded individuals, forming friendships and networks that extend beyond the volunteering experience. These social connections not only enhance the social fabric of a community but also contribute to increased citizen engagement and a greater sense of collective responsibility. Enhancing Community Health and Happiness Through healthcare initiatives, volunteers provide medical support, health education, and resources to underserved populations. 5 , volunteers contribute to the overall well-being of the community. Additionally, volunteering has been shown to improve mental health, reduce stress, and increase life satisfaction for both volunteers and those who benefit from their efforts. Each act of volunteering contributes to the collective effort of making the world a better place. So, consider becoming a volunteer to give back to your community. A．Strengthening social bonds B．Creating a diverse community C．By addressing social decisive factors of health D．When people witness the impact of volunteering E．Volunteering also provides a platform to learn about different cultures F．The significant effects on communities volunteering brings are as follows G．Volunteers provide essential services that otherwise might not be available Passage 15 （23-24高二下·河南开封·期中）How Can Volunteering Help You Get a Good Job? Sometimes, by giving just a little, you can get a lot back in return. This couldn’t ring more true for volunteering. Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability. 1 Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (简历) — it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility. So, if the “work experience” section of your CV is: looking a little bare, volunteering is a great way to flesh it out. Even if the role isn’t super relevant to the job you want after university, so long as there are transferable (可迁移的) skills, it will be valuable for your CV. Introduce you to new people If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in, it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field. 2 . They’d also make great references to refer future employers to. Help you develop valuable skills 3 , but getting hands-on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly. Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers. 4 Boost your confidence You’ll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project. 5 . All of this-as well as the practical experience itself-will boost your confidence, meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself. A．Improve your CV B．Update your interview skills C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead D．University prepares you for work academically E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains, get insider advice and find out job opportunities 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 专题-S742七选五 人教版选择性必修四 题型特训 Unit 4 Sharing 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （22-23高二下·辽宁鞍山·期中）I love travelling. One of my fondest memories of travel is when I spent a few days backpacking in Bucharest, Romania. An unexpected act of kindness from a stranger truly made me feel moved. 1 The first day I arrived in Bucharest I had to take the bus from the train station to my accommodation. I boarded the bus and found out that none of my cards worked and I wasn’t able to buy a ticket. 2 Although I explained that it wasn’t my intention and I had just arrived from Brasov, they still didn’t believe me and fined me for not having a ticket. After doing some research online, I found that most buses in Bucharest do not accept cash or any form of payment onboard. You have to purchase a card at certain places in the city, top it up with money, and then pay onboard. 3 You can use wireless pay to purchase a ticket. I was delighted after finding out such good news as I did not want another fine. 4 After I got on the bus, I found the ticket machine to be the same as the one I had met with on my first day in Bucharest. I tried in vain every method, including wireless pay, Apple Pay and cash. 5 At that moment, a kind middle-aged man standing next to me handed me a card. I understood that it was a card for the bus. The man paid for my bus ride. A．I started to panic. B．Few things seemed to work. C．It is still vivid in my mind now. D．One place I will never forget is Romania. E．Worse still, I was stopped by policemen on the bus. F．However, the buses connecting to the airports are more modern. G．Fast forward to my last day, I planned to take the bus to Bucharest Airport. 【答案】1. C 2. E 3. F 4. G 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了在罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特的背包旅行，一个陌生人出乎意料地帮助了无法支付公共汽车车费的作者，这个善举令作者非常感动。 1. 根据前文“One of my fondest memories of travel is when I spent a few days backpacking in Bucharest, Romania. An unexpected act of kindness from a stranger truly made me feel moved.（我最美好的旅行回忆之一是我在罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特背包旅行了几天。一个陌生人出乎意料的善举真的让我感动。）”和下一段中“The first day I arrived in Bucharest I had to take the bus from the train station to my accommodation.（到达布加勒斯特的第一天，我必须从火车站乘公共汽车到我的住处。）”可知，前文在说明罗马尼亚的布加勒斯特之旅令作者难忘，下一段开始回忆具体的旅行情况，空处需起到衔接的作用，过渡到下一段的回忆。C项“那件事至今仍历历在目。”符合语境，其中的“It”指前文的“An unexpected act of kindness from a stranger”，“vivid in my mind”可以引起下一段开始的回忆。故选C。 2. 根据前文“I boarded the bus and found out that none of my cards worked and I wasn’t able to buy a ticket.（我上了公共汽车，发现我的卡都不能用，我无法买到票。）”和后文“Although I explained that it wasn’t my intention and I had just arrived from Brasov, they still didn’t believe me and fined me for not having a ticket.（虽然我解释说这不是我的本意，我刚从布拉索夫来，但他们仍然不相信我，并因为我没有票而罚款。）”可知，前文叙述作者遇到了困难，无法付款买票，后文叙述作者还被罚款，空处需起到衔接的作用，说明情况更糟糕了。E项“更糟糕的是，我在公共汽车上被警察拦住了。”符合语境，后文的“they”指代其中的“policemen”。故选E。 3. 根据前文“You have to purchase a card at certain places in the city, top it up with money, and then pay onboard.（你必须在城市的某些地方买一张卡，充满钱，然后在车上付款。）”和后文“You can use wireless pay to purchase a ticket.（你可以用无线支付买票。）”可知，前文解释了布加勒斯特的大部分公共汽车付款的方式，后文提到的方式更为方便先进，空处应该会有转折，过渡到后文这种更便捷的方式。F项“然而，连接机场的公共汽车更加现代化。”符合语境，其中的“more modern”指后文的“use wireless pay”。故选F。 4. 根据后文“After I got on the bus, I found the ticket machine to be the same as the one I had met with on my first day in Bucharest.（上车后，我发现售票机和我在布加勒斯特第一天遇到的那台一样。）”可知，本段讨论旅程中另外一天的事情，空处需从上面段落的内容过渡到这一天。G项“快进到我的最后一天，我计划乘公共汽车去布加勒斯特机场。”符合语境，呼应后文的遭遇。故选G。 5. 根据前文“I tried in vain every method, including wireless pay, Apple Pay and cash.（我尝试了各种方法，包括无线支付、Apple Pay和现金，但都徒劳无用。）”可知，作者之前以为去机场的公共汽车上可以无线支付，但是实际上各种支付方式都不行，结合第一天就被罚款的经历可以推测，空处会叙述作者开始紧张慌乱。A项“我开始恐慌起来。”符合语境，承接前文。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24高三上·山东菏泽·期末）Does your dog always want to go wherever you’re going and most of the time, this behavior is welcomed? 1 However, if you find your dog doing this too often or if it’s accompanied by other troubling behavior like eating less, going outside less often or interacting less with other family members, there could be potential issues. 2 Usually, it’s simply out of loyalty and the close relationship that’s been created with its owner, because he or she is the one that provides care and comfort and keeps it safe. However, sometimes, your dog wants to follow you possibly due to something negative. 3 Dogs are emotional animals and may feel anxious for some reason sometimes. It may take much time and training to help your dog work through what’s causing the problem 4 You’ll have to work with your dog consistently or hire a professional trainer. One way to stop your dog from following you might be putting it in a secure and reliable area. 5 If your dog spends all of its time with you and you alone, it may express a dislike for being away from you or interacting with other humans or dogs. A．You and your dog must have a similar lifestyle. B．You may think it’s because it loves and trusts you. C．There are many reasons why dogs follow their owners. D．For example, it could be ill, bored, nervous or stressed. E．Keep in mind that the behavior won’t be cured overnight. F．Another trick might be to make sure your dog socializes enough. G．This could be especially true if dogs can take care of themselves. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. E 5. F 【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了狗喜欢追随主人的原因以及如何阻止狗一直跟着主人的方法。 1. 根据上文“Does your dog always want to go wherever you’re going and most of the time, this behavior is welcomed? (你的狗总是想去你要去的地方吗？大多数时候，这种行为是受欢迎的)”说明狗的这种行为时受欢迎的，引出与空格处“受欢迎的原因”，因此B项“你可能认为这是因为它爱你，信任你”符合语境，故选B。 2. 根据下文“Usually, it’s simply out of loyalty and the close relationship that’s been created with its owner, because he or she is the one that provides care and comfort and keeps it safe.  (通常，这只是出于对主人的忠诚和与主人建立的亲密关系，因为他或她是提供照顾和安慰并保持其安全的人)”说明狗追随主人的原因，与空格处是本段主旨句，因此C项“狗追随主人的原因有很多”能够概括本段大意，故选C。 3. 根据上文“However, sometimes, your dog wants to follow you possibly due to something negative (然而，有时，你的狗想要跟随你，可能是因为一些消极的事情)”说明的是狗追随的不好的原因，空格处举例说明有哪些不好的事情，因此D项“例如，它可能是疲倦、无聊、紧张或压力”与上文一致，故选D。 4. 根据上文“It may take much time and training to help your dog work through what’s causing the problem (可能需要很多时间和训练来帮助您的狗解决问题的原因。)”说明处理狗的负面情绪需要大量的时间和训练，空格处对上文进一步强调，因此E项“请记住，这种行为不会在一夜之间得到治愈”与上文一致，故选E。 5. 根据上文“One way to stop your dog from following you might be putting it in a secure and reliable area. (阻止你的狗跟着你的一种方法可能是把它放在一个安全可靠的地方)”说明阻止你的狗跟着方法之一，空格处是是介绍阻止你的狗跟着方法另外的犯法，因此F项“另一个技巧可能是确保你的狗足够社交”符合语境，故选F。 Passage 3 （22-23高二下·重庆·阶段练习）Safer Internet Day is a yearly event in which Internet companies, charities, and schools team up to talk about how young people can stay safe online. 1 This year’s event is on 8th February. 2 And it will focus on respect and relationships in games, social apps, and anywhere else that people spend time online. Safer Internet Day is happening as the UK Government works on its Online Safety Bill, which will introduce more rules for how social media and technology companies keep people safe when using their services. It will put an organization called Ofcom in charge. 3 “Any service that is used by children in the UK will have to understand the risks and put in place measures to keep them safe,” says Tony Stower, who is in charge of online safety at Ofcom. 4 They can learn about how they can help to make the Internet a safe and positive place. “They can be good digital citizens, remembering that if you send a message that might be mean or unpleasant, that’s going to hurt the person receiving it,” says Stower. “ 5 Tell a trusted adult — a teacher, a parent or an older sibling, for example — if you see something that worries or scares or upsets you online.” A．Its theme is “All Fun and Games?”. B．Ofcom has carried out surveys with young people. C．30% of young people say they have been bullied online. D．This organization will make sure all tech companies follow the new rules. E．If you get those kinds of messages, it’s also important that you report them. F．Meanwhile, he hopes that the event will be a helpful reminder for young people. G．They also talk about how young people can avoid having bad experiences online. 【答案】1. G 2. A 3. D 4. F 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍2022年互联网安全日活动的主要内容。 1. 根据上文“Safer Internet Day is a yearly event in which Internet companies, charities, and schools team up to talk about how young people can stay safe online. (互联网安全日是一年一度的活动，互联网公司、慈善机构和学校联合起来讨论年轻人如何保持网络安全)”可知，在互联网安全日活动上，一些企业和机构会谈论年轻人如何保持网络安全。空处位于段末，应承接上文指出他们还有可能会谈论什么。G项“They also talk about how young people can avoid having bad experiences online.(他们还讨论了年轻人如何避免不良的网络体验)”符合语境，they指代上文提到的“Internet companies, charities, and schools”。故选G。 2. 根据下文“And it will focus on respect and relationships in games, social apps, and anywhere else that people spend time online.(它将关注游戏、社交应用程序以及人们上网的其他任何地方的尊重和关系)”中的it推知，空处提到了一项活动，结合上文“This year’s event is on 8th February.(今年的活动在2月8日举行)”推知，空处应是今年活动的主题。A项“Its theme is “All Fun and Games?”.(它的主题是“所有的乐趣和游戏？”)”符合语境，games是关键词。故选A。 3. 根据上文“It will put an organization called Ofcom in charge.(它将由一个名为Ofcom的组织负责)”可知，此处提到了一个名为Ofcom的组织，由此推知，空处陈述这个组织的责任或者义务。D项“This organization will make sure all tech companies follow the new rules.(该组织将确保所有科技公司遵守新规则)”符合语境，选项中的this organization指前文的Ofcom。故选D。 4. 根据下文“They can learn about how they can help to make the Internet a safe and positive place. (他们可以学习如何帮助互联网成为一个安全和积极的地方)”中的they推知，上文提到了一群人，这群人可以通过学习让网络成为一个安全和积极的地方。结合上段““Any service that is used by children in the UK will have to understand the risks and put in place measures to keep them safe,” says Tony Stower, who is in charge of online safety at Ofcom.(Ofcom负责网络安全的Tony Stower表示：“英国儿童使用的任何服务都必须了解风险，并采取措施确保他们的安全。”)”推知，空处是Tony Stower对儿童的希望。F项“Meanwhile, he hopes that the event will be a helpful reminder for young people.(同时，他希望这次活动能给年轻人一个有益的提醒)”符合题意，下文they指代选项中的young people。故选F。 5. 根据上文“They can be good digital citizens, remembering that if you send a message that might be mean or unpleasant, that’s going to hurt the person receiving it,” says Stower.(“他们可能是好的数字公民，记住，如果你发送的信息可能是刻薄或不愉快的，那会伤害到接收信息的人，”Stower说)”可知，上文指出不要发送伤害别人的信息。结合下文“Tell a trusted adult — a teacher, a parent or an older sibling, for example — if you see something that worries or scares or upsets you online.(如果你在网上看到一些让你担心、害怕或不安的事情，告诉一个值得信赖的成年人——例如老师、父母或哥哥姐姐)”推知，空处陈述如果收到刻薄或不愉快的信息该怎么办。E项“If you get those kinds of messages, it’s also important that you report them.(如果你收到这些信息，报告它们也很重要)”符合题意。故选E。 Passage 4 （23-24高二下·河南漯河·期末）Yesterday I volunteered with some of my fellow Rotaract Club of Hampstead, Hendon, and Golders Green (HH&GG) members at the Hampstead Christmas Festival. Rotaract is a service club for people aged 18 to 30. Through the Rotaract program, young adults can meet new people and learn new skills. 1 . When we arrived at the Festival we had no idea what we would be asked to do. 2 . My feet were wet within minutes of getting there! 3 , making sure no unauthorised people got on it during the show. I’m pleased to say we managed to do this successfully! We also were able to hear the Chicken Shed Theatre group and An get Blue singing — both were brilliant. However, volunteering isn’t supposed to be fun, is it? It is supposed to be a selfless act which you do for others, so the fact that you don’t enjoy it doesn’t matter, right? Wrong! 4 ! It might not always involve meeting celebrities or doing something new and exciting, but it can always be fun. And volunteering isn’t necessarily a selfless act — you can learn and develop skills, try new things, and meet lots of new and interesting people. We gave up our time to help out at the Festival, despite the bad weather, with no idea of what our role would be. 5 . For example, we got more chairs for the stage when required. We had a fantastic experience this Sunday afternoon. A．It was a cold, dark, rainy day B．Volunteering is supposed to be fun C．Also they can help their local community D．Our role at the event would be to turn the lights on E．Some past members of the club have benefited a lot F．Our role at the Festival was to stand behind the stage G．We not only had an important job but also helped in other ways 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. F 4. B 5. G 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为Rotaract Club的一员，在Hampstead Christmas Festival上进行志愿服务的经历。 1. 根据上文“Through the Rotaract program, young adults can meet new people and learn new skills.(透过Rotaract项目，年轻人可以结识新朋友并学习新技能。)”可知，上文提到Rotaract是一个服务俱乐部，年轻人可以在这里遇到新的人并学习新技能。因此，接下来应该是讲述Rotaract的另一个功能，即帮助当地社区。C项中的“they”指代上文中的“young adults”。C项：Also they can help their local community(他们也可以帮助当地社区)符合语境。故选C。 2. 根据下文“My feet were wet within minutes of getting there!(我到那不到几分钟脚就湿了！)”可知，天气不好，很快就让作者的脚湿了。因此，可以推断出前文描述的是一个寒冷、黑暗、下雨的日子。A项：It was a cold, dark, rainy day(那是一个又冷又黑的雨天)符合语境。故选A。 3. 根据下文“making sure no unauthorised people got on it during the show.(确保没有未经授权的人在演出期间登上它。)”可知，空处指出了作者在电影节上的任务。F项：Our role at the Festival was to stand behind the stage(我们在电影节上的角色是站在舞台后面)符合语境。故选F。 4. 下文“It might not always involve meeting celebrities or doing something new and exciting，but it can always be fun.(它可能并不总是涉及到会见名人或做一些新的和令人兴奋的事情，但它总是有趣的。)”进一步强调了志愿服务的乐趣。B项：Volunteering is supposed to be fun(志愿服务应该是有趣的)符合语境。故选B。 5. 上文提到“We gave up our time to help out at the Festival, despite the bad weather, with no idea of what our role would be.(我们放弃了时间去帮助节日，尽管天气不好，也不知道我们的角色会是什么)”。但接下来却提到“For example, we got more chairs for the stage when required.(例如，当需要时，我们为舞台准备了更多的椅子。)”，即我们还做了其他的事情，比如为舞台提供更多的椅子。因此，可以推断出我们不仅在重要任务上有所贡献，还在其他方面提供了帮助。G项：We not only had an important job but also helped in other ways(我们不仅有一项重要的工作，而且在其他方面也提供了帮助)符合语境。故选G。 Passage 5 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）If you always take on too many projects at once and spend too much of your time doing things you don’t want to do, or if you always get things done, but they are not always the best you can do, you must be a person who’s terrible at saying no. 1 Being a quitter isn’t being someone who doesn’t see important things through to the end. 2 By quitting these things, you’ll free up time to do things that actually create value. You’ll be able to begin to put your time and effort into the things you’d actually like to do.   3 We say, “Well, I’ve already invested (投入) so much time in this, I might as well hold on to the end.” Instead, quit as often as possible, regardless of the time invested. If you’re reading a book and don’t like it, stop reading. 4 Instead of reading an entire book you hate, read half of a bad one and half of a good one. Isn’t that a better use of your time? Let’s learn how to say “no” at the beginning or in the middle and free up more of our time to do the things we’d like to be doing and the things actually worth doing. 5 But if we do both, we’ll start to make sure that we’re spending our time creating value, rather than increasing our losses. Let’s be quitters together. A．Everyone’s time is different. B．Then it’s time for you to be a quitter. C．The ability to say no is important in our lives. D．Saying no is hard and admitting a mistake is even harder. E．The cleverest thing to do is stop before your losses grow even more. F．A quitter is someone who gets out when there’s no value in what he’s doing. G．We always get involved in something, realize we don’t like it but keep on going. 【答案】1. B 2. F 3. G 4. E 5. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了说“不”是一项重要的能力，解释了说“不”的意义以及带来的好处。 1. 根据上文“If you always take on too many projects at once and spend too much of your time doing things you don’t want to do, or if you always get things done, but they are not always the best you can do, you must be a person who’s terrible at saying no.(如果你总是一次承担太多的项目，花太多的时间做你不想做的事情，或者如果你总是把事情做完，但它们并不总是你能做的最好的，你一定是一个不善于说不的人)”可知，上文指出是一个不善于说不得人，结合下文说明了说不带来的好处，可知本句总起下文，建议当放弃者，故B选项“那么你是时候当一个放弃者了”符合语境，故选B。 2. 根据上文“Being a quitter isn’t being someone who doesn’t see important things through to the end.(做一个放弃者并不是做一个不能把重要的事情做到底的人)”以及后文“By quitting these things, you’ll free up time to do things that actually create value. You’ll be able to begin to put your time and effort into the things you’d actually like to do.(放弃这些事情，你就能腾出时间去做真正能创造价值的事情。你将能够开始把你的时间和精力投入到你真正喜欢做的事情上)”可知，上文提到放弃者，后文提到了这些事情，可知本句是在说明放弃者真正放弃的事情，F选项中quitter对应上文quitter。故F选项“放弃者是当他所做的事情没有价值时就离开的人”符合语境，故选F。 3. 根据后文“We say, “Well, I’ve already invested (投入) so much time in this, I might as well hold on to the end.” Instead, quit as often as possible, regardless of the time invested. If you’re reading a book and don’t like it, stop reading.(我们会说，“好吧，我已经在这上面投入了这么多时间，我还是坚持到最后吧。”相反，不管花了多少时间，尽可能多地放弃。如果你正在读一本不喜欢的书，那就停下来)”可知，后文提到因为投入了时间才选项坚持到最后，说明并不是真正的喜欢，但还在坚持。故G选项“我们总是卷入一些事情，意识到我们不喜欢它，但继续前进”符合语境，故选G。 4. 根据后文“Instead of reading an entire book you hate, read half of a bad one and half of a good one. Isn’t that a better use of your time?(与其读整本你讨厌的书，不如读一本烂书的一半和一本好书的一半。这不是更好地利用你的时间吗？)”可知，后文提到了读一本烂书不如读一半好书，说明要及时止损才是最好的做法。故E选项“最聪明的做法是在你的损失进一步扩大之前停止”符合语境，故选E。 5. 根据上文“Let’s learn how to say “no” at the beginning or in the middle and free up more of our time to do the things we’d like to be doing and the things actually worth doing.(让我们学会如何在开始或中途说“不”，从而腾出更多的时间去做我们想做的事情和真正值得做的事情)”以及后文“But if we do both, we’ll start to make sure that we’re spending our time creating value, rather than increasing our losses. Let’s be quitters together.(但如果我们两者都做到了，我们将开始确保我们花时间创造价值，而不是增加损失。让我们一起停止吧)”可知，后文提到了两者都做到，可知本句是在说明两者是指：说不和承认错误。故D选项“说‘不’很难，承认错误更难”符合语境，故选D。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （22-23高二下·广东东莞·期末）How Can Teens Volunteer in the Communities? Encouraging teens to volunteer in the community has lasting rewards, including increased self-confidence and a sense of belonging. 1 ● Community Service Teens can volunteer at museums, parks and stations. They can also visit the elderly in nursing homes to provide companionship to people who might not have been visited by family or friends in a while. Organizations differ on their standards for teen volunteers. 2 ● Environmental Cleanup 3 They can just get into their neighborhood and help clean it up. Teens can help beautify their neighborhood by picking up trash, planting flowers or starting a community garden. Teens can also start recycling projects, and encourage their neighbors to participate in efforts to clean up the environment and live a more sustainable lifestyle. ● Tutoring Teens who want to help in their communities can volunteer by tutoring others. They can participate in peer tutoring at their school, or offer their services at a local library. 4 Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring. 5 It also helps teens expand their mind, look good on college and job applications, and find potential career paths. A．Many communities offer service programs. B．Teens don’t have to join formal organizations. C．Here are common ways for teens to help the communities. D．So check with them first to find out different requirements. E．Volunteering allows teens to have a positive influence on others. F．They can persuade the immigrants to join in some volunteering activities. G．Teens can also reach out to immigrants whose first language isn’t English. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. G 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了一些青少年帮助社区的常见方法。 1. 根据上文“Encouraging teens to volunteer in the community has lasting rewards, including increased self-confidence and a sense of belonging.(鼓励青少年在社区做志愿者会有持久的回报，包括增强自信心和归属感)”结合后文列举了一些青少年帮助社区的方法。故C选项“这里有一些青少年帮助社区的常见方法”符合语境，有承上启下的作用。故选C。 2. 根据上文“Teens can volunteer at museums, parks and stations. They can also visit the elderly in nursing homes to provide companionship to people who might not have been visited by family or friends in a while. Organizations differ on their standards for teen volunteers.(青少年可以在博物馆、公园和车站做志愿者。他们还可以拜访养老院的老人，为那些可能有一段时间没有家人或朋友拜访的人提供陪伴。各组织对青少年志愿者的标准各不相同)”可知，上文提到了各组织对青少年志愿者的标准各不相同，本句为本段最后一句，应说明所以先和他们核实一下，找出不同的要求。故D选项“所以先和他们核实一下，找出不同的要求”符合语境，故选D。 3. 根据后文“They can just get into their neighborhood and help clean it up. Teens can help beautify their neighborhood by picking up trash, planting flowers or starting a community garden. Teens can also start recycling projects, and encourage their neighbors to participate in efforts to clean up the environment and live a more sustainable lifestyle.(他们可以进入他们的社区，帮助清理。青少年可以通过捡垃圾、种花或开辟社区花园来帮助美化他们的社区。青少年也可以开始回收项目，并鼓励他们的邻居参与到清洁环境的努力中来，过上更可持续的生活方式)”可知，后文提到了通过进入社区和开始回收项目来帮助清理，说明不必加入太正式的组织，故B选项“青少年不必参加正式的组织”符合语境，故选B。 4. 根据上文“Teens who want to help in their communities can volunteer by tutoring others. They can participate in peer tutoring at their school, or offer their services at a local library.(想要在社区中提供帮助的青少年可以通过辅导他人来做志愿者。他们可以参加学校的同伴辅导，或者在当地图书馆提供服务)”以及后文Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring.(公司提供的语言辅导通常收费很高，所以社区的移民会特别感激得到免费的辅导)”可知，本句是在说明志愿者可以为移民提供语言辅导，故G选项“青少年也可以向母语不是英语的移民伸出援手”符合语境，故选G。 5. 根据上文“Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring.(公司提供的语言辅导通常收费很高，所以社区的移民会特别感激得到免费的辅导)”以及后文“It also helps teens expand their mind, look good on college and job applications, and find potential career paths.(它还能帮助青少年拓展思维，在大学和工作申请中表现得更好，并找到潜在的职业道路)”可知，本句是在说明志愿活动对青少年的好处，故E选项“志愿活动可以让青少年对他人产生积极的影响”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 7 （23-24高二下·安徽亳州·期中）If you’re looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list of opportunities for remote volunteers. 1 , there are also ways to make a difference without leaving home. Below is a list of virtual volunteer opportunities that allow you to have a positive impact while sitting on your couch. 2 . NRDC is on a mission to protect the earth, and you can help them through virtual volunteering by joining their Activist Network, which is linked on this page along with current online opportunities. Some sample actions might be contacting congress, opposing bills that are harmful to the environment, and sharing important messages on social media. Use your voice to protect the earth. Friends of the Earth is committed to changing economic and political policies and systems that lead to injustice and that harm nature. 3 , you can tell congress to save the bees and contact food companies to demand natural ingredients. Friends of the Earth makes it easy to add your voice to a cause, too, as each campaign features a form with a built-in message that you can edit if you’d like and send with one click. Virtually mentor high school kids. iCloudBe’s mission is -to empower at-risk middle and high school students to stay in school and reach their goals with the help of an online community of mentors. 4 , which entails mentoring a student and helping them prepare for their dream career for one hour per week during the school year. Scan & proofread books to make reading accessible to all. Bookshare, an e-book library devoted to making reading easier for all, is always on the lookout for remote volunteers to scan and proofread books for their collection. 5 . A．Send a care package to a solider B．You’ll be able to see the wish list before signing up. C．Add your voice to the meaningful volunteer work of climate change fighters D．When you check this page for easy ways to volunteer by taking simple actions E．You can take part in meaningful volunteer work online by becoming an eMentor F．While offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile. G．Their library features books that are customizable for people with reading disabilities. 【答案】1. F 2. C 3. D 4. E 5. G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在家做志愿者服务。 1. 根据上文“If you’re looking for meaningful yet easy ways to volunteer from home, then you’ll love this list of opportunities for remote volunteers.(如果你正在寻找有意义又简单的方式在家做志愿者，那么你会喜欢这个远程志愿者的机会列表。)”可知，文章的重点是介绍在家就可以进行的远程志愿活动。F项：While offering time to in-person and volunteer abroad projects can be worthwhile.(虽然提供时间亲自走出家门做志愿者是值得的。)正好引出了下文对远程志愿活动的介绍，符合语境，与下文“there are also ways to make a difference without leaving home. ”（还有一些方法可以在足不出户的情况下有所作为）构成让步转折关系，故选F。 2. 根据下文“NRDC is on a mission to protect the earth, and you can help them through virtual volunteering by joining their Activist Network, which is linked on this page along with current online opportunities.(自然资源保护委员会的使命是保护地球，你可以通过虚拟志愿服务加入他们的活动家网络来帮助他们，该网络与当前的在线机会链接在这个页面上。)”可知，本段提到了NRDC（自然资源保护委员会）的使命是保护地球，你可以通过加入他们的行动者网络来帮助他们，进行在线的志愿活动。C项：Add your voice to the meaningful volunteer work of climate change fighters.(加入到气候变化斗士们有意义的志愿工作中。)与NRDC的环保使命和在线志愿活动相契合，符合语境。故选C。 3. 根据下文“you can tell congress to save the bees and contact food companies to demand natural ingredients. Friends of the Earth makes it easy to add your voice to a cause, too, as each campaign features a form with a built-in message that you can edit if you’d like and send with one click.( 你可以告诉国会拯救蜜蜂，联系食品公司要求使用天然原料。“地球之友”也让你很容易为某项事业发声，因为每个活动都有一个内置信息的表单，如果你愿意，你可以编辑它，一键发送。)”可知，查找并采取简单行动进行志愿服务。D项：When you check this page for easy ways to volunteer by taking simple actions.(当你浏览这个页面，寻找简单的方法来做志愿者。)符合语境。故选D。 4. 根据上文“iCloudBe’s mission is -to empower at-risk middle and high school students to stay in school and reach their goals with the help of an online community of mentors.(iCloudBe的使命是帮助有风险的初高中学生留在学校，并在在线导师社区的帮助下实现他们的目标。)”可知，本段提到了iCloudBe的使命，即授权有风险的中学生和高中生通过在线导师社区的帮助留在学校并实现他们的目标。E项：You can take part in meaningful volunteer work online by becoming an eMentor.(你可以通过成为一名在线导师来参加有意义的在线志愿者工作。)与iCloudBe的使命和在线导师的角色相符，符合语境。故选E。 5. 根据上文“Bookshare, an e-book library devoted to making reading easier for all, is always on the lookout for remote volunteers to scan and proofread books for their collection.(Bookshare是一家致力于让所有人都能更轻松地阅读的电子图书馆，它一直在寻找远程志愿者，为其藏书扫描和校对书籍。)”可知，上文提到了一个电子图书馆，空处承接上文，对图书馆进行进一步介绍。G项：Their library features books that are customizable for people with reading disabilities.(他们图书馆的特色书籍是为有阅读障碍的人定制的。)符合语境。故选G。 Passage 8 （23-24高二下·广东·期末）On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. 1 As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence. 2 Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results. Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. 3 An example of what this could sound like is, “Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.” Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. 4 There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big difference. Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you’re teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. 5 A．Show your kindness and respect to others. B．This informs them that they are appreciated. C．As your conversation continues, ask what is needed. D．Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively. E．When you are in contribution to others, you make a positive impact. F．As a leader, you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge. G．One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何通过情商提升领导力，从而在社区中产生积极影响。 1. 根据上文的“On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. (从大的角度来看，让世界变得更美好似乎具有挑战性。)”和下文的“As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence.(作为一个领导者，你的观点和想法可以直接影响你的社区，使其变得更好。这里有一些方法可以让你通过情商产生影响并提高你的领导力。)”可知，G项(一个人可能改变不了世界，但你可以每天都产生积极的影响。)承接上文，说明了一个人可以根据自己的实际情况为改变世界做出自己的一份贡献，下文指出了你的努力可以影响到你所在的社区，接下来后文具体指出如何去做。故选G项。 2. 根据下文的“Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.(能够通过深度倾听提供一个安全的空间可以创造信任，这为有意义的关系和富有成效的伙伴关系奠定了基础。因此，人们更有可能公开和诚实地分享。同理心和倾听会提高你的人际关系质量，并促使你的工作效果快速变好。)”可知，本段谈的是倾听的重要性，D项(积极倾听，支持你的朋友和同事。)可以作为本段的话题句。故选D项。 3. 根据上文的“Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. (产生积极影响也可以很简单，只要花时间去认可并激励某人采取行动。花点时间认可别人，让他们知道你看到了他们的努力和才能。)”和下文的“An example of what this could sound like is, “Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.”(听起来可以的一个例子是，“哇！我对你的项目很感兴趣。我认为你有可能与团队的其他成员分享如何做到这一点。”)”可知，B项(这让他们知道自己是被欣赏的。)承接上文，指出了认可并激励某人采取行动会让他们知道自己是被欣赏的，下文举例说明如何认可并激励某人采取行动。故选B项。 4. 根据上文的“Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. (加入你已经存在的社区和网络圈子。从联系你的同事开始，询问他们已经参与的事业。)”和下文的“There is almost no limit to the impact you can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big difference.(对你和你的同龄人来说，你所能创造的影响几乎是没有限制的。只需要一点点时间，你就能做出很大的改变。)”可知，C项(随着对话的进行，询问需要什么。)承接上文，指出了通过与同事沟通来了解需要做点什么事情，下文说明了只要投入时间，就可以带来积极的影响。故选C项。 5. 根据上文的“Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you’re teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. (分享你的知识和优势是另一项基本技能。当你和别人分享时，你在教他们一些关于你和你的旅程的特别的东西。想象一下，如果你的社区是在合作和贡献的模式下，会有什么可能。这种方法创造了新的想法和机会。)”可知，本段讲的是你为他人做事情的一个做法，即分享你的知识和优势去帮助他人，E项(当你为他人做贡献时，你就会产生积极的影响。)承接上文，进行总结，指出你只要为他人做一些贡献，那你就会产生积极的影响。故选E项。 Passage 9 （23-24高二下·广东·阶段练习）You’ve sized up the benefits of volunteering, looked over your schedule, and decided you have both the time and desire to give back to your community. 1 Here are some tips to find and get suitable volunteer opportunities in your area — or farther afield. Identify your values. 2 Make a list of the values that drive you, or the issues you care about, and then look for organizations with complementary (互补的) missions and opportunities. For instance, if your primary motivation is to strengthen social connections with peers, you might look to organizations such as school groups that require interaction with other parents, or neighbors. If you’re motivated to serve the less fortunate, you might target organizations that work with housing-insecure populations, people with disabilities or members of historically disadvantaged groups. Motivations for volunteering are as diverse as the volunteers harboring them. 3 Try to involve the whole family. Many parents who volunteer turn giving back into a family affair. Community service is a great way to teach kids the value of selflessness. 4 Look for volunteer engagements that welcome people of all ages and abilities, and schedule time for the whole family to participate —whether that means spending an afternoon picking up trash on the side of the highway, or a week in a faraway flood zone. 5 Once you find a well-run organization that aligns with (符合) your availability, values, talents, and objectives, work with your contact there to set a volunteer schedule that fits your life. If you’re exploring a frequent engagement — say, a weekly or biweekly commitment —think carefully about how much time you can afford to donate. It’s better to commit to shorter or less frequent volunteer hours than to take on an unmanageable workload. A．What motivates you to give back? B．Don’t bite off more than you can chew. C．Are you ready to build a list of ideal places to volunteer? D．It’s also an opportunity to spend more time with your family. E．Don’t overthink the process of finding opportunities to volunteer. F．Whatever your motivations are, there’s an organization out there that needs your help. G．Now comes the most difficult part: finding volunteer opportunities that are right for you. 【答案】1. G 2. A 3. F 4. D 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过志愿服务来回馈社会。 1. 根据上文“You’ve sized up the benefits of volunteering, looked over your schedule, and decided you have both the time and desire to give back to your community.(你已经评估了志愿服务的好处，查看了你的时间表，并决定你有时间和愿望来回馈你的社区)”以及下文“Here are some tips to find and get suitable volunteer opportunities in your area — or farther afield.(这里有一些建议，可以帮助你在当地或更远的地方找到合适的志愿者机会)”可知，后文给出了寻找志愿者机会的建议，可知本句实在说明找到机会的困难，后文给出解决方案。故G项“现在最困难的部分来了：找到适合你的志愿者机会”符合语境。故选G。 2. 根据本段标题“Identify your values.(确定你的价值观)”以及下文“Make a list of the values that drive you, or the issues you care about, and then look for organizations with complementary missions and opportunities.(列出驱动你的价值观，或者你关心的问题，然后寻找具有互补使命和机会的组织)”可知，本句与寻找你的志愿者价值观有关系。故A项“是什么激励你回馈社会”符合语境。故选A。 3. 根据上文“If you’re motivated to serve the less fortunate, you might target organizations that work with housing-insecure populations, people with disabilities or members of historically disadvantaged groups. Motivations for volunteering are as diverse as the volunteers harboring them.(如果你有动力为那些不幸的人服务，你可能会把目标对准那些为没有住房保障的人、残疾人或历史上处于不利地位的群体工作的组织。志愿者的动机和他们的志愿者一样多样)”可知，上文支出志愿者的动机是各种各样的，本句为本段最后一句，故总结上文，说明动机与志愿者工作之间的关系。F选项中motivations对应上文motivated。故F项“无论你的动机是什么，肯定会有适合你的志愿机构”符合语境。故选F。 4. 根据上文“Community service is a great way to teach kids the value of selflessness.(社区服务是教育孩子无私价值的好方法)”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明社区服务的好处，D选项中It指代上文Community service。故D项“这也是一个与家人共度更多时光的机会”符合语境。故选D。 5. 通读本段尤其是“It’s better to commit to shorter or less frequent volunteer hours than to take on an unmanageable workload.(与其承担难以管理的工作量，不如缩短或减少志愿服务时间)”可知，本段的主旨是量力而行参加志愿服务。故B项“量力而行”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 10 （22-23高二下·福建三明·期末）What do you do with old stuff? That top you bought for a party three years ago, for example You wore it once and it’s been hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜) ever since. You could throw it away, but that seems wasteful-after all it’s still perfectly usable. So, what to do? 1 The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th Century. The Salvation Army, a UK charity, was one of the first to run a second-hand clothing shop to provide the poor and needy with affordable clothes. 2 It also raised money for the war effort during World War Two. These days, charity shops are a common sight with around 11,200 shops across the UK, according to the Charity Retail Association. During business hours any member of the public can donate their unwanted items to a charity shop. 3 These items are checked and if found still serviceable, priced up to be sold at a heavily discounted price. For many this is a win-win situation. 4 To the consumer, it provides the opportunity to buy, often extremely cheaply, items and clothes. To the donator, it may help to ease consumer guilt “You can make a pretty good case, because what you are doing is going towards a charitable cause and you are saving stuff from landfill,” Clare Press, fashion journalist and sustainable style advocate, tells the Guardian. 5 On more than one occasion a buyer has purchased something very cheaply, only to later discover its true value. It sold at auction (拍卖会) for £4,200. So next time you need to rid yourself of something, spare a thought for the charity shop-after all, charity begins at home! A．Most charity shops will take anything. B．Here are some tips that you can follow. C．It’s recommended to donate new items. D．In the UK, we might take it to a charity shop. E．There are sometimes hidden treasures for the buyers, too. F．To the charity, it means they can pursue their charitable aim. G．This was followed by charities such as the British Red Cross. 【答案】1. D 2. G 3. A 4. F 5. E 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的慈善商店的历史，发展以及其好处。 1. 上文“That top you bought for a party three years ago, for example You wore it once and it’s been hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜) ever since. You could throw it away, but that seems wasteful-after all it’s still perfectly usable. So, what to do? (比如你三年前在派对上买的那件上衣，你穿过一次，从那以后就一直挂在你的衣柜里。你可以把它扔掉，但这看起来很浪费——毕竟它仍然是完全可用的。那么，该怎么办？)”提出疑问——如何处理不穿的旧衣服，空处应该对此进行回答，D项“在英国，我们可以把它带到慈善商店。”符合，承上启下，下文“The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th Century.(第一家慈善商店出现在19世纪的英国。)”介绍了慈善商店，故选D。 2. 上文“The first charity shops appeared in Britain in the 19th Century. The Salvation Army, a UK charity, was one of the first to run a second-hand clothing shop to provide the poor and needy with affordable clothes.(第一家慈善商店出现在19世纪的英国。英国慈善机构救世军是最早经营二手服装店的公司之一，为穷人和有需要的人提供价格合理的服装。)”介绍了慈善机构，第一家慈善商店和最早经营二手服装店的公司——英国慈善机构救世军，空处承接上文，继续介绍其他的慈善机构，G项“紧随其后的是英国红十字会等慈善机构。”符合，下文“It also raised money for the war effort during World War Two.(它还为二战期间的战争筹集资金。)”介绍了红十字会的作用，故选G。 3. 根据上文“During business hours any member of the public can donate their unwanted items to a charity shop. (在营业时间内，任何市民都可以将不需要的物品捐赠给慈善商店。)”可知，任何市民都可以将不需要的物品捐赠给慈善商店，这说明慈善商店收的东西范围比较广，A项“大多数慈善商店什么都收。”符合，承接上文，故选A。 4. 上文“For many this is a win-win situation. (对许多人来说，这是一个双赢的局面。)”指出这是一个双赢的局面，下文“To the consumer, it provides the opportunity to buy, often extremely cheaply, items and clothes. To the donator, it may help to ease consumer guilt “You can make a pretty good case, because what you are doing is going towards a charitable cause and you are saving stuff from landfill,” Clare Press, fashion journalist and sustainable style advocate, tells the Guardian.(对于消费者来说，它提供了购买物品和衣服的机会，而且往往非常便宜。对捐赠者来说，这可能有助于减轻消费者的负罪感,“你可以做一个很好的事情，因为你正在做的是一个慈善事业，你正在从垃圾填埋场保存东西，”克莱尔出版社，时尚记者和可持续时尚倡导者，告诉卫报。)”从消费者和捐赠者的角度来说慈善商店的好处，空处应从慈善机构的角度来说其好处，F项“对慈善机构来说，这意味着他们可以追求自己的慈善目标。”符合，故选F。 5. 下文“On more than one occasion a buyer has purchased something very cheaply, only to later discover its true value. It sold at auction (拍卖会) for £4,200. (不止一次，买家以非常便宜的价格购买了某样东西，但后来才发现它的真正价值。它在拍卖会上以4200英镑成交。)”举例子说明买家有可能买到的二手东西很值钱，E项“有时候买家也会买到隐藏的珍宝。”符合，故选E。 三、 高阶提升 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Passage 11 （2024·安徽·模拟预测）Initiating volunteering activities in your community is a powerful way to form unity, address local needs, and create a positive impact. To embark on this fulfilling journey, consider the following steps. Identify community needs 1 . Conduct surveys hold town hall meetings, or collaborate with local authorities to identify areas that require support. Whether it’s education, healthcare, environmental issues, or social welfare, a clear understanding of the community’s needs is crucial. Build partnerships Establish partnerships with local organizations, non-profits, and community leaders. 2 . Engage in open dialogues to assess ongoing initiatives and find areas where additional help is needed. Building a network ensures a coordinated and effective approach to addressing community needs. 3 Launch volunteer recruitment drives through community centers, schools, and social media. Clearly communicate the goals, the impact volunteers can make, and the benefits of collective action. Provide various spaces for involvement, recognizing that people have different skills and time commitments. 4 . Celebrate achievements and maintain motivations Regularly acknowledge and celebrate the contributions of volunteers. 5 . Establish a system for continuous feedback and improvement. Sustain momentum by organizing regular community events, forums, or workshops to keep the spirit of volunteerism alive and address emerging needs. Consistency and community involvement are key to creating a lasting impact through volunteering. A．Organize volunteer drives B．Always lean on neighbors for assistance C．Create a sign-up system to update the process D．Cooperative efforts highlight the impact of volunteering E．Start by understanding the specific needs of your community F．Share success stories to inspire others and create a positive feedback circle G．Regularly assess the impact of volunteer efforts, adapting strategies to evolving community needs 【答案】1. E 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了确保志愿活动有效的步骤。 1. 根据本段小标题“Identify community needs(识别社区需要)”和下文的“Conduct surveys hold town hall meetings, or collaborate with local authorities to identify areas that require support. Whether it’s education, healthcare, environmental issues, or social welfare, a clear understanding of the community’s needs is crucial.(进行调查，举行市政厅会议，或与地方当局合作，以确定需要支持的领域。无论是教育、医疗保健、环境问题还是社会福利，清楚地了解社区的需求至关重要。)”可知，发起志愿活动前要弄清楚社区的需求，E项(从了解你所在社区的具体需求开始)能够作为本段话题句，并且与标题内容相符。故选E项。 2. 根据上文的“Establish partnerships with local organizations, non-profits, and community leaders. (与当地组织、非营利组织和社区领袖建立伙伴关系。)”可知，合作有助于整合资源，避免重复努力，并提供更广泛的支持网络，使志愿者的工作更加有效和可持续。因此，强调合作努力有助于突出志愿服务的重要性和影响力，因此D项(合作努力突显志愿服务的影响)承接上文，符合逻辑，下文的“Engage in open dialogues to assess ongoing initiatives and find areas where additional help is needed. Building a network ensures a coordinated and effective approach to addressing community needs.(参与公开对话，以评估正在进行的举措，并找到需要额外帮助的领域。建立网络可确保以协调和有效的方法解决社区需要。)”指出了如何开展合作。故选D项。 3. 根据本段的“Launch volunteer recruitment drives through community centers, schools, and social media. Clearly communicate the goals, the impact volunteers can make, and the benefits of collective action. Provide various spaces for involvement, recognizing that people have different skills and time commitments. (通过社区中心、学校和社交媒体开展志愿者招募活动。清楚地传达目标，志愿者可以产生的影响，以及集体行动的好处。提供不同的参与空间，认识到人们可以发挥不同的技能和在不同的时间做出贡献。)”可知，本段讲述的是组织志愿者活动的途径和好处，A项(组织志愿者活动)可以作为段落标题，概括本段内容。故选A项。 4. 根据上文的“Launch volunteer recruitment drives through community centers, schools, and social media. Clearly communicate the goals, the impact volunteers can make, and the benefits of collective action. Provide various spaces for involvement, recognizing that people have different skills and time commitments. (通过社区中心、学校和社交媒体开展志愿者招募活动。清楚地传达目标，志愿者可以产生的影响，以及集体行动的好处。提供不同的参与空间，认识到人们可以发挥不同的技能和在不同的时间做出贡献。)”可知，C项(创建一个注册系统来更新流程)承接上文，这种做法可以帮助有效地组织和管理志愿者活动，确保志愿活动的顺畅进行，并最大化其影响力。故选C项。 5. 根据上文的“Regularly acknowledge and celebrate the contributions of volunteers. (定期表彰和庆祝志愿者的贡献。)”和下文的“Establish a system for continuous feedback and improvement. Sustain momentum by organizing regular community events, forums, or workshops to keep the spirit of volunteerism alive and address emerging needs. Consistency and community involvement are key to creating a lasting impact through volunteering.(建立一个持续反馈和改进的系统。通过组织定期的社区活动、论坛或工作坊来维持动力，以保持志愿精神的活力，并解决新出现的需求。始终如一地参与社区活动是通过志愿服务创造持久影响的关键。)”可知，F项(分享成功的故事来激励他人，创造一个积极的反馈循环)承接上文，通过分享成功案例来激励志愿者，下文指出了要坚持反馈以促进志愿者工作的连续。故选F项。 Passage 12 （22-23高二下·浙江·期中）Every parent wants their children to develop well. 1 . However, for a child, play is the main way of interacting with the world, mastering new knowledge and skills. The game performs several functions. 2 . Through the game, the child learns new skills and develops speech, thinking and logic, memory, attention and other mental functions. This applies not only to special educational games, but outdoor games which promote physical development and strengthen the health of the child. Also, any games develop creativity and imagination. Way of communication. A game for a child is also a way to convey to an adult their experiences: joys, anxieties, fears, hopes, expectations. Often, through the game, the child tells parents something important about himself and learns something important about his parents. The game is a way to be closer, to feel the support, care and love of parents. 3 . Development of social skill and familiarity with social roles. 4 . Through the game, children learn about the concepts of “good” and “bad”. In games, children learn different social roles: they learn to be parents, friends, teachers, doctors, kings and presidents. Many games develop independence and responsibility, teach the child to overcome difficulties, take care of others, give gifts and share. Pleasure and joy. The game brings pleasure, joy and a lot of other positive emotions to the child and the significance of this cannot be underestimated (after all, even for adults, positive emotions are very important: they support us, help us develop and look at life positively). 5 . It is the key to the full development of the individual. A．Knowledge of the world. B．Education and development. C．Therefore, it is very important that parents find time to play together with their child. D．Joint games best teach adults to understand their children and find a common language with them. E．Also, through the game, the child learns to be proud of his success, which supports his self-esteem. F．In games, children learn to follow the rules, control their behavior, develop communication skills with peers and adults. G．Sometimes it seems that a child’s game is empty entertainment and it would be better to replace it with something more useful. 【答案】1. G 2. B 3. C 4. F 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。游戏对于孩子来说是与世界互动、掌握新知识和技能的主要方式。本文主要介绍了游戏对于孩子成长的多种功能和好处以及父母抽出时间和孩子一起玩的重要性。 1. 根据空格前的句子“Every parent wants their children to develop well（每个父母都希望自己的孩子能健康成长）”和空格后的句子“However, for a child, play is the main way of interacting with the world, mastering new knowledge and skills.（然而，对于一个孩子来说，游戏是与世界互动，掌握新知识和技能的主要方式）”可知，空格处的句子应说游戏的缺点，与空格后的句子形成转折关系。G项“Sometimes it seems that a child’s game is empty entertainment and it would be better to replace it with something more useful.（有时候，孩子们的游戏似乎是空洞的娱乐，最好是用更有用的东西来代替它）”是说游戏的缺点，所以把G项填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。 2. 下文“This applies not only to special educational games, but outdoor games which promote physical development and strengthen the health of the child.  (这不仅适用于特殊的教育游戏，也适用于促进身体发育和增强儿童健康的户外游戏。)”说明的是游戏所起到点教育和发展的作用，因此B项“教育与发展”符合本段段意，故选B。 3. 由上文“ The game is a way to be closer, to feel the support, care and love of parents. (游戏是一种更亲密的方式，可以感受到父母的支持、关心和爱)”可知，空处强调父母和孩子进行游戏的重要性；结合选项可知，选项C.Therefore, it is very important that parents find time to play together with their child.(因此，父母找时间和孩子一起玩是非常重要的。)承接前文，符合语境。故选C。 4. 本段主旨句“Development of social skill and familiarity with social roles. (社交技能的发展和对社会角色的熟悉)”说明的是游戏培养孩子们的社交能力，因此F项“在游戏中，孩子们学会遵守规则，控制自己的行为，发展与同龄人和成年人的沟通技巧”符合语境，故选F。 5. 上文“The game brings pleasure, joy and a lot of other positive emotions to the child and the significance of this cannot be underestimated (游戏给孩子带来了快乐、喜悦和许多其他积极的情绪，这一点的重要性不容低估)”说明游戏能带来的积极情绪，与因此E项“此外，通过游戏，孩子学会为自己的成功感到骄傲，这有助于他的自尊”是积极情绪的体现，故选E。 Passage 13 （22-23高二下·河南郑州·期中）As we think about how blessed we are on this day, take this opportunity to be a blessing to someone else. Make acts of kindness a new part of your yearly Easter (复活节) traditions. Here are some inspiring deeds you can do for your friends, family, loved ones, and even strangers. Take a meal to someone alone on Easter Many of us know someone—a neighbor, a coworker, a family friend—who will be spending Easter alone. 1 , you can still brighten their day with acts of kindness on Easter. Find out their favorite foods and cook them a delicious Easter meal. Drop it off on Easter Sunday morning and spend some time with them before heading to your own celebrations. Volunteer your time Easter may be a Sunday, but there are plenty of jobs that still need doing. If you have some free time over your Easter weekend, 2 . See if a local food shelter is doing a canned food drive. Check for a nearby soup kitchen and see if you can help serve Easter dinner to those less fortunate. Look up your county’s parks department and volunteer to plant some new spring flowers in the parks around the area. No matter how you do it, 3 . 4 The days after Easter can be a difficult time for animal shelters, particularly ones that take in rabbits. Because people want to give rabbits as an Easter gift (without learning how to care for them), 5 . Donate your money or time to an animal shelter or rabbit rescue. Your gift will help these rabbits get healthier, find forever homes, and bring joy to others even after Easter is over. A．Donate to an animal shelter B．spending your time serving others will truly put you in the Easter spirit C．Even if you are not able to invite them to join your own festival activities D．Organize a neighborhood Easter egg hunt E．many shelters report high numbers of rabbits being abandoned (抛弃) F．Consider starting a new Easter tradition the whole block will love G．sign up to volunteer within your community 【答案】1. C 2. G 3. B 4. A 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了复活节时的一些鼓舞人心的行为，可以帮助许多人。 1. 上文“Many of us know someone—a neighbor, a coworker, a family friend—who will be spending Easter alone. (我们很多人都知道有人——邻居、同事、家人的朋友——将独自度过复活节。)”说明有许多人将独自度过复活节，选项C“即使你不能邀请他们参加你的节日活动”承接上文，连接下文“you can still brighten their day with acts of kindness on Easter (你仍然可以在复活节用善意的行为照亮他们的一天)”表示：即使你不能邀请他们参加节日活动，你也可以帮助他们。故选C项。 2. 下文“See if a local food shelter is doing a canned food drive. Check for a nearby soup kitchen and see if you can help serve Easter dinner to those less fortunate. (看看当地的食品收容所是否在举办罐头食品募捐活动。去附近的施粥所看看，看看你是否能帮助那些不幸的人享用复活节晚餐。)”等内容介绍的都是些志愿活动，选项G“报名参加社区志愿者活动”引领下文。故选G项。 3. 上文“Look up your county’s parks department and volunteer to plant some new spring flowers in the parks around the area. (联系一下你所在县的公园管理部门，自愿在附近的公园里种一些新的春花。)”等建议参加一些志愿活动，连接上文“No matter how you do it (不管你怎么做)”，选项B“花时间服务他人会让你真正融入复活节精神”表示：不管怎样，参加活动，服务他人，真正融入复活节精神。故选B项。 4. 下文“The days after Easter can be a difficult time for animal shelters, particularly ones that take in rabbits. (复活节后的几天对动物收容所来说可能是一段艰难的时期，尤其是那些收留兔子的动物收容所。)”谈论的是动物收容所，选项A“捐赠给动物收容所”概括了本段主题，适合做小标题。故选A项。 5. 上文“Because people want to give rabbits as an Easter gift (without learning how to care for them) (因为人们想送兔子作为复活节礼物(不学习如何照顾它们))”说明人们复活节送兔子，却不会照顾，选项E“许多收容所报告有大量的兔子被遗弃”和上文存在因果关系，因为复活节人们送兔子，又不会照顾，所以有大量的兔子被遗弃。故选E项。 Passage 14 （2024·全国·模拟预测）Volunteering is a transformative act that not only benefits individuals but also has a profound impact on communities. 1 : Providing Unmet Needs Volunteers play a crucial role in addressing unmet needs within communities. They step up to fill gaps in services, provide assistance to vulnerable populations, and support community organizations and nonprofits. 2 , whether it’s feeding the homeless, tutoring disadvantaged children, or offering support to the elderly. Inspiring Community Engagement 3 , they are inspired to get involved themselves. Volunteers often share their experiences, raising awareness and motivating others to contribute their time and resources. This increased community engagement leads to a more active and participatory community, where individuals work collectively to address challenges and create positive change. 4 When individuals come together with a common purpose, they create a sense of belonging and unity. Volunteers cooperate with like-minded individuals, forming friendships and networks that extend beyond the volunteering experience. These social connections not only enhance the social fabric of a community but also contribute to increased citizen engagement and a greater sense of collective responsibility. Enhancing Community Health and Happiness Through healthcare initiatives, volunteers provide medical support, health education, and resources to underserved populations. 5 , volunteers contribute to the overall well-being of the community. Additionally, volunteering has been shown to improve mental health, reduce stress, and increase life satisfaction for both volunteers and those who benefit from their efforts. Each act of volunteering contributes to the collective effort of making the world a better place. So, consider becoming a volunteer to give back to your community. A．Strengthening social bonds B．Creating a diverse community C．By addressing social decisive factors of health D．When people witness the impact of volunteering E．Volunteering also provides a platform to learn about different cultures F．The significant effects on communities volunteering brings are as follows G．Volunteers provide essential services that otherwise might not be available 【答案】1. F 2. G 3. D 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了志愿服务及其对社区的一些好处和影响。 1. 根据前文“Volunteering is a transformative act that not only benefits individuals but also has a profound impact on communities. (志愿服务是一种变革性的行为，不仅有利于个人，而且对社区产生深远的影响。)”可知，此处提到志愿服务对个人和社区都有深远的影响，以及后文的内容列举了志愿服务的具体好处。所以这里需要一个引出下文的过渡句，所以F项“The significant effects on communities volunteering brings are as follows (志愿服务给社区带来的显著影响如下)”符合语境。故选F。 2. 空前的“Volunteers play a crucial role in addressing unmet needs within communities. They step up to fill gaps in services, provide assistance to vulnerable populations, and support community organizations and nonprofits. (志愿者在解决社区内未满足的需求方面发挥着至关重要的作用。他们加紧填补服务空白，为弱势群体提供援助，并支持社区组织和非营利组织。)”可知，志愿者填补服务空缺、帮助弱势群体和支持社区组织，后文“whether it’s feeding the homeless, tutoring disadvantaged children, or offering support to the elderly. (无论是为无家可归者提供食物，辅导弱势儿童，还是为老年人提供支持。)”可知，提到了具体的服务活动。所以这里需要一个总结志愿者“提供何种服务”的句子。G项“Volunteers provide essential services that otherwise might not be available (志愿者提供必要的服务，否则可能无法获得)”符合语境，故选G。 3. 根据段落小标题“Inspiring Community Engagement (鼓励社区参与)”以及空后的“they are inspired to get involved themselves .(他们会受到鼓舞，自己也参与进来。)”可知，此处是说当人们看到志愿服务的影响时，他们会受到鼓舞，也参与进来。D项“When people witness the impact of volunteering (当人们看到志愿服务的影响时)”符合语境，故选D。 4. 空处为段落小标题。根据本段中“When individuals come together with a common purpose, they create a sense of belonging and unity. Volunteers cooperate with like-minded individuals, forming friendships and networks that extend beyond the volunteering experience. These social connections not only enhance the social fabric of a community but also contribute to increased citizen engagement and a greater sense of collective responsibility .(当个人为了共同的目标走到一起时，他们就会产生归属感和团结感。志愿者与志趣相投的人合作，形成了超越志愿经历的友谊和网络。这些社会联系不仅加强了社区的社会结构，而且有助于增加公民参与和增强集体责任感。)”可知，本段的话题是志愿服务如何加强社会联系。A项“Strengthening social bonds (加强社会联系)”符合语境，故选A。 5. 根据本段的小标题“Enhancing Community Health and Happiness (增进社区健康和幸福)”以及“Through healthcare initiatives, volunteers provide medical support, health education, and resources to underserved populations. (通过医疗保健倡议，志愿者向服务不足的人群提供医疗支持、健康教育和资源。)”可知，此处跟健康有关。C项“By addressing social decisive factors of health (通过解决健康的社会决定性因素)”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 15 （23-24高二下·河南开封·期中）How Can Volunteering Help You Get a Good Job? Sometimes, by giving just a little, you can get a lot back in return. This couldn’t ring more true for volunteering. Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability. 1 Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (简历) — it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility. So, if the “work experience” section of your CV is: looking a little bare, volunteering is a great way to flesh it out. Even if the role isn’t super relevant to the job you want after university, so long as there are transferable (可迁移的) skills, it will be valuable for your CV. Introduce you to new people If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in, it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field. 2 . They’d also make great references to refer future employers to. Help you develop valuable skills 3 , but getting hands-on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly. Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers. 4 Boost your confidence You’ll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project. 5 . All of this-as well as the practical experience itself-will boost your confidence, meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself. A．Improve your CV B．Update your interview skills C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead D．University prepares you for work academically E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains, get insider advice and find out job opportunities 【答案】1. A 2. G 3. D 4. E 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了志愿活动对就业有好处的几个方面。 1. 此处缺少小标题。根据下文中的“Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV(简历) — it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility. So, if the “work experience” section of your CV is: looking a little bare, volunteering is a great way to flesh it out.(雇主喜欢在你的简历上看到实际工作经验的证据。这告诉他们，你具备作为团队成员工作所需的软技能，能够承担责任。所以，如果你简历中的“工作经验”部分是：看起来有点裸露，志愿服务是充实它的好方法。)”可知，本段主要叙述了志愿者的经历能够帮助你丰富简历，故A项“改善你的简历”适合作本段小标题。故选A。 2. 根据空前“If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in, it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field.(如果你在你想最终工作的行业做志愿者，这将是你与已经进入该领域的人建立联系的好方法。)”及空后“They’d also make great references to refer future employers to.(他们也会为未来的雇主提供很好的参考。)”可知，空处应讲述这些已经进入该领域的人对你能够提供的帮助，G项“利用这个机会向他们讨教，听取内部人士的建议，并了解工作机会”符合题意。故选G。 3. 根据空后“but getting hands-on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly(但获得实践经验是真正能够顺利过渡到就业岗位的关键)”可知，空后强调了实践经验的重要性，前后之间是转折关系，再结合下句“Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers.(讲座和研讨会并不能真正教会你个人技能，比如领导力、时间管理、如何最好地与同事沟通或如何以专业的方式行事，这些对雇主来说都很有价值。)”可知，空处讲述的内容应与学校学习有关，D项“大学为你的学业做好了准备”符合题意。故选D。 4. 根据本段小标题“Help you develop valuable skills(帮助你发展有价值的技能)”及空前“Lectures and seminars can’t really teach you personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner, which are all valuable to employers.(讲座和研讨会并不能真正教会你个人技能，比如领导力、时间管理、如何最好地与同事沟通或如何以专业的方式行事，这些对雇主来说都很有价值。)”可知，空处应讲述志愿活动可以帮助获得讲座和研讨会不能做到的东西，E项“志愿活动可以帮助你发展所有这些甚至其他更多的技能”符合题意，all of these指代上文中的“personal skills like leadership, time management, how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner”。故选E。 5. 根据空前“You’ll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project.(你会从帮助社区或帮助一个有价值的项目中获得很多个人利益。)”及空后“All of this-as well as the practical experience itself-will boost your confidence, meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself.(所有这些以及实践经验本身都会增强你的信心，这意味着你可以以新的勇气和对自己的信念来处理求职和面试。)”可知，空处应讲述志愿活动给你带来的心理上的好处，F项“它能给你一种全新的使命感，让你觉得自己被重视了”符合题意。故选F。 28 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$