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考点清单02 重点语法知识梳理(Units 4-6)
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考点清单02 重点语法知识梳理(Units 1-3)【知识清单】-2024-2025学年七年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲(沪教版五四制2024)-
·模块一 U4重点语法清单:选择疑问句
·模块二 U4语法限时特训
·模块三 U5重点语法清单:过去进行时
·模块四 U5语法限时特训
·模块五 U6重点语法清单:数词
·模块六 U6语法限时特训
模块一
U4重点语法清单:选择疑问句
选择疑问句
要求对方对两种或两种以上的情况进行选择的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句的最后两个供选择部分用or连接。选择疑问句有两种:一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句。
—Do you like Tom or Jerry? 你喜欢汤姆还是杰瑞?
—I like Jerry. 我喜欢杰瑞。
—Which do you like best, apples, oranges or bananas? 你最喜欢哪样,苹果、橘子还是香蕉?
—I like apples best. 我最喜欢苹果。
【注意】选择疑问句不能用yes或no来回答。
模块二
U4语法限时特训
1.— Can you speak English or Chinese, Judy?
— ________
A.Yes, I can. B.No, I can’t. C.Yes, I am. D.I can speak English.
2.— Do you like travelling by train or by plane?
— ________. Because I love to see farms and animals along the way.
A.Yes, I do B.No, I don’t C.By train D.By plane
3.—This is your order, a hamburger and an apple pie. ____________?
—I’ll have it here.
A.Anything else B.Is that OK
C.For here or to go D.Something to drink
4.— Should friends be different or the same?
—________.
A.Yes, they should B.No, they shouldn't
C.They should be the same D.They should be friends
5.─Will you go bike riding with Sam or stay at home?
─________. My book report is due in two days.
A.Yes,I will B.No,I won't C.I'll ride a bike D.I'll stay at home
6.—Which drink do you________, tea ________ milk?
—A glass of milk please.
A.like; and B.prefer; or C.prefer; and D.like best; or
7.—What would you like, apple juice or coffee?
—________
A.Yes, I would. B.Yes, I like. C.No, I don’t. D.Coffee, please.
8.—Does Carol like apples ________ bananas?
— Bananas. She eats them every day.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
9.—Is Nancy listening to music or writing a letter?
—________.
A.Yes, she is listening to music B.No, she is writing a letter
C.She is writing a letter D.No, she isn’t
10.一Did Jeff go to the zoo by subway or by taxi yesterday?
一 .
A.Yes, he went there by subway B.No, he went there by bus
C.He went there by taxi D.He went there to see animals
模块三
U5重点语法清单:过去进行时
1.过去进行的结构
肯定句:主语+ was / were + 现在分词.
I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
否定句:主语+was/were not + 现在分词.
I wasn’t walking down the street when a UFO landed.
疑问句:Was/Were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + was/were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
What were you doing when a UFO landed?
2.过去进行时的标志词
at 8 o’clock last night, this time yesterday等。
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
At that time she was writing a book.那阵子她在写一本书。(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。)
3.过去进行时的用法详解
(1) 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作,此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time, yesterday等。
I was doing my homework when my mother came to home.
(2)叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作,通常用While。
I was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university.
(3)表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作。
They were expecting you yesterday, but you didn’t turn up.
4.过去进行时的特殊用法
1. 表示临时性
即表示在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的临时情况,这种情况通常不会长期如此。
It happened while I was living in Paris last year. 这件事发生于去年我住在巴黎的时候。
2. 表示计划
即表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。
He said that his sister was getting married next December. 他说他妹妹12月结婚。
用arrive, come, go, leave, take off等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常含有将来意义。
He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。
She knew the plane was taking off in five minutes. 她知道五分钟后飞机就要起飞了。
3. 表示委婉语气
动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。
I was hoping you would give me some advice. 我希望你给我出点主意。
Good morning. I was wondering if you had two single rooms.
早上好,我不知道你们是否有两个单人间。
一般过去时也有类似用法,相比之处,一般过去时通常表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的,而过去进行时则多表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。
4. 表示重复
过去进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复的。
They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。
注意:现在进行时也有类似用法,但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作,而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。
模块四
U5语法限时特训
11.—Hi, Daniel. You didn’t come to Jim’s party yesterday afternoon. What happened?
—My brother’s model car was broken and I ________ it the whole afternoon.
A.was repairing B.repair C.have repaired D.am repairing
12.While he ______ for the bus, a newspaper boy came up.
A.is waiting B.waited C.waits D.was waiting
13.They________ their homework when I________ into the classroom.
A.are doing; went B.are having; went C.were having; went D.were doing; went
14.Jenny ______ in the kitchen at 5 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
A.is cooking B.cooks C.was cooking D.cooking
15.The fog was so heavy on the road that I could hardly see where I ________.
A.had gone B.went C.was going D.go
16.It ________ hard ________ he got to the cinema yesterday evening.
A.rained; while B.is raining; when C.was raining; while D.was raining; when
17.He was reading in the library ________ it was raining ________ outside.
A.when; heavy B.while; heavily C.when; heavily D.while; heavy
18.Our school team ________ for the football game from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday.
A.will train B.trains C.is training D.was training
19.—What ______ at 9 PM last night?
—I ______ my homework.
A.did you do; finished B.were you doing; was finishing
C.are you doing; finish D.do you do; finish
20.—Linda, I called at seven last night and you didn’t pick up.
—Oh, I ________ to an English speech.
A.listen B.am listening C.was listening D.listens
模块五
U6重点语法清单:数词
1.数词
1.1.基数词和序数词
基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。序数词由基数词变化而成,具体构成如下:
构成
例句
第一、第二、第三需特殊记忆。
first 第一 second 第二 third 第三
4-19的序数词是由其相对应的基数词后面加-th构成。
eleven→eleventh 第十一 thirteen→thirteenth 第十三
有4个词拼写不规则:fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth.
整十的序数词由其对应的基数词变词尾字母y为ie,再加-th构成。(注意:ten的序数词为tenth.)
twenty→twentieth 第二十 fifty→fiftieth第五十
表示“第几十几”时,只将个位数变为序数词,十位数仍用基数词。
thirty-one→thirty-first 第三十一
fifty-six→fifty-sixth 第五十六
1.2.数词的用法
内容
用法
例子
分数表示法
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1时,作分母的序数词需用复数形式。单词之间可有连字符,也可以没有。如果是带分数,用and连接整数和分数即可。
1/3:one-third
年龄表示法
用“in+one's+整十的基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”。表示一个人具体的岁数时,可用“at the age of+基数词”表示。
My grandmother is now in her eighties.我奶奶现在80多岁了。
编号表示法
①用基数词编号时,用“名词+基数词”表示。
②用序数词编号时,用“the+序数词+名词”表示。
502房间:Room 502
第七页:the seventh page
1.3.确切数目和大约数目的表示法
类别
表达法
例子
确切数目
当 hundred,thousand,million等前面有具体数字或有many,several,few等修饰时,用其单数形式,不与of连用。此时表达确切数目。
I make nine hundred dollars a week.我一周挣900美元。
约略数目
当 hundred,thousand,million等与of连用时,要用其复数形式,其前不能加其他表示数量的词语。此时表达大约的数字概念。
There are thousands of things I want to do.我有很多事情想做。
模块六
U6语法限时特训
21.This encyclopedia has ________ volumes of books. It’s a pity that I lost ________one last week.
A.twelve; nine B.twelfth; nine C.twelve; the ninth D.twelfth; the ninth
22.I didn’t finish reading the book Harry Potter. I still need ________ three days.
A.another B.other C.others D.the others
23.Please turn to Page 40 and look at the ________ picture in Lesson ________.
A.five;First B.fifth;First C.fifth;One D.five;One
24.Two ________ teachers and ________ students took part in a meeting last week.
A.hundreds; thousand of B.hundred; thousand
C.hundreds of; thousands of D.hundred; thousands of
25.—When did he come to America?
—He has been here for________.
A.one and a half year B.one year and a half C.one and half a years D.one year and a half year.
26.People planted a tree here ten years ago. And now the tree is ________.
A.three-meter-tall B.three-meters-tall C.three meter tall D.three meters tall
27.—According to the survey, 57 _______ of the interviewees dislike their work.
—Yes. And the rest _______ of work overload (超负荷) .
A.percents; complains B.percent; complains C.percents; complain D.percent; complain
28.The weight of the moon is only about ________ of that of the earth.
A.one eighty B.one of eighty C.one the eightieth D.one eightieth
29.He has been in the swimming club for ________.
A.two and a half year B.two and a half years
C.two year and a half D.two and a halves
30.12345678987 Which of the following is right?
A.Twelve billion three hundred and forty–five million six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
B.Twelve billions three hundred and forty–five million six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
C.Twelve billion three hundred and forty–five millions six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
D.Twelve billion three hundreds and forty–five million six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
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考点清单02 重点语法知识梳理(Units 4-6)
备注说明:Units 1-3 语法知识梳理请点击下方链接进入下载。(ctrl+点击即可)
考点清单02 重点语法知识梳理(Units 1-3)【知识清单】-2024-2025学年七年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲(沪教版五四制2024)-
·模块一 U4重点语法清单:选择疑问句
·模块二 U4语法限时特训
·模块三 U5重点语法清单:过去进行时
·模块四 U5语法限时特训
·模块五 U6重点语法清单:数词
·模块六 U6语法限时特训
模块一
U4重点语法清单:选择疑问句
选择疑问句
要求对方对两种或两种以上的情况进行选择的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句的最后两个供选择部分用or连接。选择疑问句有两种:一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句。
—Do you like Tom or Jerry? 你喜欢汤姆还是杰瑞?
—I like Jerry. 我喜欢杰瑞。
—Which do you like best, apples, oranges or bananas? 你最喜欢哪样,苹果、橘子还是香蕉?
—I like apples best. 我最喜欢苹果。
【注意】选择疑问句不能用yes或no来回答。
模块二
U4语法限时特训
1.— Can you speak English or Chinese, Judy?
— ________
A.Yes, I can. B.No, I can’t. C.Yes, I am. D.I can speak English.
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——朱迪,你会说英语还是汉语? ——我会说英语。
考查选择疑问句。选择疑问句的回答不能用yes或者no,而是要根据实际情况从备选项中选择其一,只有D选项符合规则。故选D。
2.— Do you like travelling by train or by plane?
— ________. Because I love to see farms and animals along the way.
A.Yes, I do B.No, I don’t C.By train D.By plane
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你喜欢坐火车还是坐飞机旅行?——坐火车。因为我喜欢看沿途的农场和动物。
考查选择性疑问句。根据“Do you like travelling by train or by plane?”可知,选择性疑问句应直接回答坐飞机还是坐火车。结合“Because I love to see farms and animals along the way”可知,坐火车可以沿途看到农场和动物,故选C。
3.—This is your order, a hamburger and an apple pie. ____________?
—I’ll have it here.
A.Anything else B.Is that OK
C.For here or to go D.Something to drink
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这是你点的,汉堡和苹果派。在这吃还是带走?——我在这吃。A. Anything else要别的吗;B. Is that OK这样可以吗;C. For here or to go在这吃还是带走;D. Something to drink要喝点什么吗。根据后面答语I’ll have it here.(我在这吃)可知,问句是选择疑问句,C项符合语境,故答案选C。
4.— Should friends be different or the same?
—________.
A.Yes, they should B.No, they shouldn't
C.They should be the same D.They should be friends
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——朋友应该是不同的还是一样的?——他们应该是一样的。考查选择疑问句的回答。问句是选择疑问句,不可用yes和no回答,可排除前两项。D项答非所问,可排除。根据句意语境,可知选C。
5.─Will you go bike riding with Sam or stay at home?
─________. My book report is due in two days.
A.Yes,I will B.No,I won't C.I'll ride a bike D.I'll stay at home
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你会和萨姆一起骑自行车还是呆在家里?——我会呆在家里。我的读书报告两天后到期。
考查选择疑问句。本句是选择疑问句,它的回答不是用yes或no回答,而是根据提供地选项直接回答。根据下文“我的读书报告两天后到期。”可知“我会呆在家里。”故选D。
【点睛】选择疑问句表示提供两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方在所提供的范围、对象内选择。在所提供的最后一个备选对象前面用表示选择关系的并列连词or,朗读时or前用声调,or 后面用降调,句末用问号。(一)其结构:(1)“一般疑问句+or+另一个备选对象”。例如:Shall we go there by bus, bike or train? 我们乘公共汽车、自行车还是火车去?(2)特殊疑问句+or+另一个备选对象”。例如:Which would you like best, English, Chinese or Math? 你最喜欢哪门学科,英语、语文还是数学?(二) 选择疑问句的回答不能用Yes / No来回答,一般用一个完整的陈述句或其简略形式回答。回答选择疑问句时,一般在所提供的备选对象范围内选择。
6.—Which drink do you________, tea ________ milk?
—A glass of milk please.
A.like; and B.prefer; or C.prefer; and D.like best; or
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢哪种饮料,茶还是牛奶?——请给我一杯牛奶。
考查动词辨析及选择疑问句。like喜欢;prefer更喜欢,用于两者之间的选择;like best最喜欢,用于三者及以上之间的选择,由“tea…milk”可知,此处是两者之间的选择,故用prefer;and和,一般用于肯定句中;or还是,一般用于否定句或疑问句中,本句为疑问句,故用or。故选B。
7.—What would you like, apple juice or coffee?
—________
A.Yes, I would. B.Yes, I like. C.No, I don’t. D.Coffee, please.
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你想要什么,苹果汁还是咖啡?——咖啡。
考查选择疑问句。Yes, I would.是的,我会。Yes, I like.是的,我喜欢。No, I don’t.不。Coffee, please.咖啡。根据“What would you like, apple juice or coffee?”可知问句是选择疑问句,回答时应根据实际情况作出选择,此处用“Coffee, please.”符合语境。故选D。
8.—Does Carol like apples ________ bananas?
— Bananas. She eats them every day.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——卡罗尔喜欢苹果还是香蕉?——香蕉。她每天吃它们。
考查连词。and而且;so所以;but但是;or或者。根据“apples”和“Bananas”可知,此处是选择疑问句,因此用or连词并列宾语,故选D。
9.—Is Nancy listening to music or writing a letter?
—________.
A.Yes, she is listening to music B.No, she is writing a letter
C.She is writing a letter D.No, she isn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——南希是在听音乐还是在写信?——她正在写信。
考查选择疑问句的回答。根据“Is Nancy listening to music or writing a letter?”可知,该句是选择疑问句,回答时不用Yes或No,选择其中一个进行回答即可;结合选项,C选项符合语法规则。故选C。
10.一Did Jeff go to the zoo by subway or by taxi yesterday?
一 .
A.Yes, he went there by subway B.No, he went there by bus
C.He went there by taxi D.He went there to see animals
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——昨天杰夫是乘地铁还是乘出租车去动物园的?——他乘出租车去那儿的。根据题干Did Jeff go to the zoo by subway or by taxi yesterday?可知句子是选择疑问句,不能用Yes或No来回答,排除A,B;答语要在两者中选择一个,故选C。
模块三
U5重点语法清单:过去进行时
1.过去进行的结构
肯定句:主语+ was / were + 现在分词.
I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
否定句:主语+was/were not + 现在分词.
I wasn’t walking down the street when a UFO landed.
疑问句:Was/Were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + was/were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
What were you doing when a UFO landed?
2.过去进行时的标志词
at 8 o’clock last night, this time yesterday等。
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
At that time she was writing a book.那阵子她在写一本书。(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。)
3.过去进行时的用法详解
(1) 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作,此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time, yesterday等。
I was doing my homework when my mother came to home.
(2)叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作,通常用While。
I was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university.
(3)表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作。
They were expecting you yesterday, but you didn’t turn up.
4.过去进行时的特殊用法
1. 表示临时性
即表示在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的临时情况,这种情况通常不会长期如此。
It happened while I was living in Paris last year. 这件事发生于去年我住在巴黎的时候。
2. 表示计划
即表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。
He said that his sister was getting married next December. 他说他妹妹12月结婚。
用arrive, come, go, leave, take off等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常含有将来意义。
He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。
She knew the plane was taking off in five minutes. 她知道五分钟后飞机就要起飞了。
3. 表示委婉语气
动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。
I was hoping you would give me some advice. 我希望你给我出点主意。
Good morning. I was wondering if you had two single rooms.
早上好,我不知道你们是否有两个单人间。
一般过去时也有类似用法,相比之处,一般过去时通常表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的,而过去进行时则多表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。
4. 表示重复
过去进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复的。
They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。
注意:现在进行时也有类似用法,但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作,而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。
模块四
U5语法限时特训
11.—Hi, Daniel. You didn’t come to Jim’s party yesterday afternoon. What happened?
—My brother’s model car was broken and I ________ it the whole afternoon.
A.was repairing B.repair C.have repaired D.am repairing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——嗨,丹尼尔。你昨天下午没有来吉姆的派对。发生什么事了?——我弟弟的模型车坏了,我整个下午都在修理它。
考查过去进行时。was repairing正在修理(过去进行时);repair修理(一般现在时);have repaired已经修理(现在完成时);am repairing正在修理(现在进行时)。根据“the whole afternoon”可知,此处表示“过去某个时间段正在进行的动作”,用过去进行时was repairing符合语境。故选A。
12.While he ______ for the bus, a newspaper boy came up.
A.is waiting B.waited C.waits D.was waiting
【答案】D
【详解】句意:当他在等公共汽车时,一个报童走了过来。
考查动词时态。wait等待。while引导时间状语从句时,从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词,且常用进行时态,表示在某个动作正在进行的过程中,另一个动作发生了。根据“came up”可知,此处用过去进行时,故选D。
13.They________ their homework when I________ into the classroom.
A.are doing; went B.are having; went C.were having; went D.were doing; went
【答案】D
【详解】句意:当我走进教室时,他们正在做家庭作业。
考查动词时态辨析。are doing现在进行时; were doing过去进行时,went去,go的过去式;are having现在进行时。根据“They... their homework when I ... into the classroom.”可知,主句动作“做家庭作业”强调在“走进教室”的瞬间正在进行,应用过去进行时(was/were + 现在分词),从句动作“走进”是过去发生的具体动作,用一般过去时,do homework”为固定短语,表示“做家庭作业。故选D。
14.Jenny ______ in the kitchen at 5 o’clock yesterday afternoon.
A.is cooking B.cooks C.was cooking D.cooking
【答案】C
【详解】句意:Jenny昨天下午五点钟的时候正在厨房里做饭。
考查动词时态。根据“at 5 o’clock yesterday afternoon”可知,时态为过去进行时,结构为was/were+动词现在分词,主语“Jenny”为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故选C。
15.The fog was so heavy on the road that I could hardly see where I ________.
A.had gone B.went C.was going D.go
【答案】C
【详解】句意:路上的雾太大了,我几乎看不清要去哪里。
考查时态。由句中“I could hardly see”可知,此句是说几乎看不清要去哪里,go常用进行时表示将发生的动作,此句应用过去进行时,故选C。
16.It ________ hard ________ he got to the cinema yesterday evening.
A.rained; while B.is raining; when C.was raining; while D.was raining; when
【答案】D
【详解】句意:昨天晚上我们到达电影院时雨下得正大。
考查动词时态与连词的用法。“while”表示“当……时候”时,其从句的谓语动词必须延续,而从句中谓语动词是短暂动作,故排除A、C;根据时间状语yesterday evening可知主句应用过去时。故选D。
17.He was reading in the library ________ it was raining ________ outside.
A.when; heavy B.while; heavily C.when; heavily D.while; heavy
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他在图书馆看书时,外面正下着大雨。
考查时间状语从句引导词和副词的用法。when引导时间状语从句,从句一般用一般过去时;while引导时间状语从句,常表示两个动作同时进行,所以第一空用while。第二空修饰动词“raining”要用副词,“heavy”是形容词,其副词形式是“heavily”。故选B。
18.Our school team ________ for the football game from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday.
A.will train B.trains C.is training D.was training
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们校队上周日上午7点到10点进行足球比赛训练。
考查动词时态。句中提及的时间是“last Sunday”,指过去的某个明确的时间,从7 a.m.到10 a.m.,因此用过去进行时态表示当时正在进行的动作,结构为was/were doing。故选D。
19.—What ______ at 9 PM last night?
—I ______ my homework.
A.did you do; finished B.were you doing; was finishing
C.are you doing; finish D.do you do; finish
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——昨天晚上九点你正在做什么?——我正在完成我的作业。
考查动词的时态。根据“at 9 PM last night”可知第一空用过去进行时,提问昨天晚上九点钟在做什么,过去进行时结构为:were/was doing,主语为“you”,所以用were;过去进行时提问,回答要用过去进行时回答,故选B。
20.—Linda, I called at seven last night and you didn’t pick up.
—Oh, I ________ to an English speech.
A.listen B.am listening C.was listening D.listens
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——琳达,我昨晚七点打电话,你没接。——哦,我当时在听英语演讲。
考查时态。根据题干“called at seven last night”可知,动作发生在过去具体时间点,需用过去进行时表示“当时正在做某事”,结构为“was/were+动词现在分词”,主语为I,be动词用was,故选C。
模块五
U6重点语法清单:数词
1.数词
1.1.基数词和序数词
基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。序数词由基数词变化而成,具体构成如下:
构成
例句
第一、第二、第三需特殊记忆。
first 第一 second 第二 third 第三
4-19的序数词是由其相对应的基数词后面加-th构成。
eleven→eleventh 第十一 thirteen→thirteenth 第十三
有4个词拼写不规则:fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth.
整十的序数词由其对应的基数词变词尾字母y为ie,再加-th构成。(注意:ten的序数词为tenth.)
twenty→twentieth 第二十 fifty→fiftieth第五十
表示“第几十几”时,只将个位数变为序数词,十位数仍用基数词。
thirty-one→thirty-first 第三十一
fifty-six→fifty-sixth 第五十六
1.2.数词的用法
内容
用法
例子
分数表示法
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1时,作分母的序数词需用复数形式。单词之间可有连字符,也可以没有。如果是带分数,用and连接整数和分数即可。
1/3:one-third
年龄表示法
用“in+one's+整十的基数词的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”。表示一个人具体的岁数时,可用“at the age of+基数词”表示。
My grandmother is now in her eighties.我奶奶现在80多岁了。
编号表示法
①用基数词编号时,用“名词+基数词”表示。
②用序数词编号时,用“the+序数词+名词”表示。
502房间:Room 502
第七页:the seventh page
1.3.确切数目和大约数目的表示法
类别
表达法
例子
确切数目
当 hundred,thousand,million等前面有具体数字或有many,several,few等修饰时,用其单数形式,不与of连用。此时表达确切数目。
I make nine hundred dollars a week.我一周挣900美元。
约略数目
当 hundred,thousand,million等与of连用时,要用其复数形式,其前不能加其他表示数量的词语。此时表达大约的数字概念。
There are thousands of things I want to do.我有很多事情想做。
模块六
U6语法限时特训
21.This encyclopedia has ________ volumes of books. It’s a pity that I lost ________one last week.
A.twelve; nine B.twelfth; nine C.twelve; the ninth D.twelfth; the ninth
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这本百科全书有十二卷书。很遗憾,我上周丢了第九本。
考查数词。twelve十二,基数词;nine九,基数词;twelfth第十二,序数词;the ninth第九,序数词。根据“This encyclopedia has … volumes of books.”可知,这里描述的是百科全书有十二卷,表示数量,应使用基数词twelve,再由“It’s a pity that I lost…one last week.”可知,这里指的是上周丢失的特定的一卷,表示顺序,应使用序数词the ninth,并且序数词前通常需要加定冠词the。故选C。
22.I didn’t finish reading the book Harry Potter. I still need ________ three days.
A.another B.other C.others D.the others
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我没读完《哈利波特》这本书。我还需要三天时间。
考查不定代词。another又一,另一;other其他的,后接可数名词复数;others其他的,后不接名词;the others其他的,后不接名词。根据“I didn’t finish reading the book”可知,还需要几天去读完这本书。此句用到了“another+基数词+可数名词”结构,表示“再几个”。故选A。
23.Please turn to Page 40 and look at the ________ picture in Lesson ________.
A.five;First B.fifth;First C.fifth;One D.five;One
【答案】C
【详解】句意:请翻到第40页,看第一课中的第五张图片。
考查数词的用法。five五,基数词;First第一,序数词;fifth第五,序数词;One一,基数词。根据“look at the...picture”可知,定冠词the后跟序数词表示顺序,可排除AD选项;空二表示“第一课”,Lesson One表示第一课。故选C。
24.Two ________ teachers and ________ students took part in a meeting last week.
A.hundreds; thousand of B.hundred; thousand
C.hundreds of; thousands of D.hundred; thousands of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:两百名老师和数千名学生上周参加了一个会议。
考查数词的用法。“hundred”、“thousand”等数词,当与具体数字连用时,用单数形式,且不与“of”连用,所以“两百名老师”应表达为“two hundred teachers”,据此可排除A、C选项;当表示不确切数目时,用复数形式,且要与“of”连用,“数千名学生”应表达为“thousands of students”,B选项不符合此用法。故选D。
25.—When did he come to America?
—He has been here for________.
A.one and a half year B.one year and a half C.one and half a years D.one year and a half year.
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——他什么时候来美国的?——他在这里已经一年半了。
考查时间段的表达。“一年半”的表达为one year and a half/one and a half years。故选B。
26.People planted a tree here ten years ago. And now the tree is ________.
A.three-meter-tall B.three-meters-tall C.three meter tall D.three meters tall
【答案】D
【详解】句意:十年前人们在这里种了一棵树,现在这棵树有3米高。
考查数词用法。three-meter-tall三米高,只能做定语,位于名词前;three-meters-tall表达错误;three meter tall表达错误;three meters tall三米高。根据“And now the tree is”可知,作表语时数词后跟名词复数形式,不用连字符。选D。
27.—According to the survey, 57 _______ of the interviewees dislike their work.
—Yes. And the rest _______ of work overload (超负荷) .
A.percents; complains B.percent; complains C.percents; complain D.percent; complain
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——根据调查,57%的受访者不喜欢他们的工作。——是的。其余的人抱怨工作超负荷。
考查百分数的表达和主谓一致。“percent”表示“百分之……”,没有复数形式,“the rest”表示“其余的人或物”,这里指代的是其余的受访者,是复数概念,所以谓语动词要用原形。故选D。
28.The weight of the moon is only about ________ of that of the earth.
A.one eighty B.one of eighty C.one the eightieth D.one eightieth
【答案】D
【详解】句意:月球的重量只有地球的八十分之一左右。
考查分数的表达。在分数表达中,基数词作分子,序数词作分母,此句分子是一,序数词用单数形式,one eightieth八十分之一。故选D。
29.He has been in the swimming club for ________.
A.two and a half year B.two and a half years
C.two year and a half D.two and a halves
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他在游泳俱乐部两年半了。
考查时间表达。英语中表示几个半时,表达为“整数+and a half+名词”或“整数+名词+and a half”,两年半应表达为“two and a half years”或“two years and a half”,故选B。
30.12345678987 Which of the following is right?
A.Twelve billion three hundred and forty–five million six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
B.Twelve billions three hundred and forty–five million six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
C.Twelve billion three hundred and forty–five millions six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
D.Twelve billion three hundreds and forty–five million six hundred and seventy-eight thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven.
【答案】A
【详解】句意:12345678987以下哪个选项是正确的?
考查数字的读法。首先,英语数字都是以1000为单位的,thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)所以从右向左三位三位的用逗号断开。百位和十位之间用and相连,个位和十位之间加连字符。故选A。
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