Unit 2 The universal language Grammar and Usage 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册

It belongs to the classical Chinese music. Many foreigners enjoy and understand it. High mountains and flowing water 总结：____、_____和_________都可以做主语、宾语。 名词 The universal language Showing qin in front of the foreigners made us very proud. Many foreigners are interested in playing qin. 代词 verb-ing Grammar and usage Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects Unit 2 The universal language identify the use of verb-ing forms as subjects and objects. work out the rules of verb-ing forms as subjects and objects. use the right forms of verb-ing to correct the mistakes and complete an article. apply verb-ing forms in new situations. Why is music regarded as ? Music can promote cultural understanding because one can learn about a new culture through its music. a universal language 伯牙绝弦 Can music be a way to promote understanding between people? Who was Boya? 2. Why did the two men become close friends? 3. Why did Boya destroy his qin? Read the story of Part A on Page 20 and fill the following table. When in China’s (1) ________________________________________ Who Boya, (2) ____________________ Zhong Ziqi, Boya’s audience and friend What happened Boya played the qin very well, but he believed no one could (3) ___________________ until he met Zhong Ziqi. Zhong was able to recognize the image in Boya’s piece of music: (4) ____________________________________. They became great friends and agreed to meet the next year. (5) ___________________ because Zhong Ziqi, the only person that could understand his music was gone. Spring and Autumn and Warring States period a master of the qin understand his music High Mountains and Flowing Water Boya destroyed his qin In China’s Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, there lived a man named Boya, who was a master of the qin. Playing the qin was his life. He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques. However, Boya believed no one could understand his music until he met Zhong Zigi. Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, yet Zhong Ziqi was able to paint a picture of great mountain ranges in his mind. When Boya continued playing, Zhong Ziqi said he had heard the sound of a river flowing quickly. In fact, Boya had intended to call the piece High Mountains and Flowing Water. Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi. The two soon became great friends and before going their separate ways, they agreed to meet at the Mid-Autumn Festival the next year. However, Zhong Ziqi failed to show up on that day. When Boya learnt about Zhong Ziqi’s death, he was overcome with sorrow. He played High Mountains and Flowing Water in front of Zhong Ziqi’s grave. After he finished playing the piece, he destroyed the qin and said, “Since the only person that understands my music is gone, it’s no use keeping the qin.” Exploring the rules Exploring the rules Verb-ing forms as subjects Verb-ing forms as objects Playing the qin was his life. Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, … …, it’s no use keeping the qin. … everyone enjoyed listening … Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, … When Boya continued playing, … …, who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi. … before going their separate ways, … After he finished playing the piece, … Go through the story again and fill the following table. Playing the qin was his life. Having someone (that really understood his music) pleased Boya … ___________ (compose) a song about friendship will take the musician a long time. I. Verb-ing形式作主语 Rules： 1.v-ing做主语，通常至于______,谓语动词用___数，表示经常性或具有普遍意义的动作 to do 做主语，通常表示表示具体的，尤其是未发生的动作 单 To compose 句首 ______________________can be just as damaging as giving too much. 不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多(赞扬)一样有害。 _________________________made him regain the confidence. 被老师表扬使他重获自信。 _____________ (see) as different from other kids had a bad effect on my life. Not giving enough praise Being praised by his teachers I. Verb-ing形式作主语 Rules： 2. v-ing在句中做主语时，否定形式中的not应放在v-ing _____(之前/之后)；v-ing的被动语态为___________。 being done 之前 Being seen Rules： 2. v-ing在句中做主语时，有时可以用形式主语____代替；但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。 it Since the only person that understands my music is gone , it’s no use keeping the qin. It is no sue _______ (cry) over spilt milk. It’s nice ________ (enjoy) some classic music while dining in a restaurant. I. Verb-ing形式作主语 It is no use/no good/ fun/pleasure/ a waste of time …doing sth. It is useful/ useless/ nice/tiring/ worthwhile … doing crying enjoying 1.Boya continued __________(play) the qin. 2.Boya didn’t say anything before__________(play) the qin. 3.From then on, Boya never got tired of_________(share) his music. 动词：enjoy, avoid, consider, advise, suggest, miss, mind, keep, escape, finish, imagine, postpone, delay, practise, risk, fancy, etc. 介词：by, after, before, in ,on ,at, of, for 等 短语：be capable of doing有能力做某事, get down to doing (着手做某事), have trouble in doing, be used to doing习惯于, be busy doing, object to doing (反对做某事), lead to doing, look forward to doing, devote oneself to doing 致力于做某事, feel like doing, pay attention to doing, be worth doing 值得做某事, can’t help doing 忍不住做某事 Rule： v-ing 跟在____，_____和_______之后做宾语，如continue，before，get tired of 等 动词 介词 短语 playing playing sharing II. Verb-ing形式作宾语 Later she scolded her daughter for ____________ (talk) to her father like that. You can congratulate yourself on ____________ (do) an excellent job. Those who break the law will not escape ______________ (punish).　 II.Verb-ing形式作宾语 having talked having done being punished Rule： Verb-­ing形式的完成式 (having done) 强调其动作或状态先于谓语动词的动作完成或结束。 Verb-ing形式的被动式(being done) 表示该动作与逻辑主语形成被动关系。 Practice 单句语法填空/补全句子 ①Most students in this class have difficulty pronunciation. ②You can't imagine the trouble we had (walk) through the heavy rain. ③She’s the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to turn to for help. 她用这台新电脑遇到了很多麻烦，但她不知道该向谁求助。 [写美]　补全句子 ④When I went to a new place, I the life there. 当我去一个新地方时，我很难适应那里的生活。 with walking having a lot of trouble with had some trouble/difficulty getting used to/ adapting to Example: forget regret remember mean try stop … (2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。 forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过某事（动作已发生） forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事（动作并未发生） a. I shall never forget hearing her singing that song. 我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。 b. I have forgotten to bring my umbrella. 我忘了带伞。 II. Verb-ing形式作宾语 1.try to do sth. 设法做某事 try doing sth. 试试做某事 2.mean to do sth. 打算/有意要做某事 mean doing sth.意思是/意味着做某事 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 4.can't help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 5.go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做一直在做的事 6.stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另一件事. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 7.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 8.remember to do sth.记得去做某事 remember doing/having done sth.记得做过某事 9.regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事 regret doing sth./having done 后悔做了某事 注意1：有些动词（短语）后跟动词不定式和动词-ing形式做宾语均可，但意义不同。常见的有： V-ing主动表被动 1. be worth doing 用来表示“值得(被)……”。 Flowing Water is really worth ___________ (listen) to. 2. need, want, require, deserve 等动词后可接动词­ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，但接动词不定式时只能用to be done。 Butterfly Lovers, a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang really deserves __________________ (hear). Traditional Chinese music like this needs ____________________. (pass down) listening hearing/ to be heard passing down/ to be passed down 1.Tom's _________(be) late again made the teacher very angry. 2. Her________________(not come) made us upset. 3. Do you mind me _____________(smoke) now? 4.My_________________(praise) by the teacher made me happy. 5. I would appreciate your ________ (call) back this evening. 6. There are many reasons for animals ________ (die) out. not coming smoking being Rules： 1.____________是动名词的复合结构, 有自己的逻辑主语,形式如下： (1)___________________+动词-ing (2)_____________+动词-ing (3)_________________+动词-ing (4)_____________+动词-ing one’s doing being praised III.Verb-ing 形式做主语和宾语的复合形式 形容词性物主代词 名词所有格 代词宾格 名词 calling dying 3.Verb-ing 形式做主语和宾语的复合形式 She didn’t mind _____________________ (Tom借用一下) her CD player. She didn’t mind _____________________ (他借用一下) her CD player. Can you hear the noise of ______________________ (沙发被拖动)? What leads to_____________________________ (一对爱人被分开)? Tom/ Tom’s borrowing him/ his borrowing the sofa being dragged two lovers being torn apart Rules： V-ing 复合结构作宾语时，逻辑主语用物主代词或名词所有格，也可以用人称代词宾格或名词普通格;当v-ing的逻辑主语为无生命事物，只能用名词普通格. 1. Boya was curious about ___________________ as expected. 2. _________________________made Boya very sad. 3. _____________________ with sorrow made him destroy his qin. 4. People was shocked by ___________________his qin. Boya’s being overcome his destroying ; Zhong ziqi’s passing away; Ziqi’s not showing up; Boya’s being overcome; Ziqi’s not showing up his destroying Zhong ziqi’s passing away I’m looking forward to _________________ (play) the piano. However, ______________ (succeed) in watching the concert made me upset because of _______________(delay) by the traffic. After Ziqi’s death Lang lang’s playing not succeeding my being delayed Practice 1. Listen to music is my favourite thing to do. _________ 2. I really enjoy to read biographies of musicians. _________ 3. It’s no use try to play the violin if you’re not going to give it your best shot. _________ 4. Would you mind to teach me how to play the guitar? _________ 5. These instruments were meant for play traditional Chinese music. _________ Circle the mistakes and write down the correct forms in the blanks. Listening reading trying teaching playing Applying the rules Why did people send a selection of music from our planet into space? Read for understanding and thinking Voyager 1 The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space. It may help other intelligent life in space understand human beings on the Earth. What music from China was selected to be sent into space? An ancient piece called Flowing Water played by Guan Pinghu on the Chinese instrument. If you have to choose music from the Earth to send into space, what music do you think is capable of (1) ____________ (represent) mankind? The sound of the Chinese qin is one answer to this question. In 1977, two spacecraft called Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were sent out (2) _________ (explore) the solar system. On both spacecraft, there is a selection of music from our planet. representing to explore Applying the rules 有能力做某事 Music may promote the understanding between human being on the Earth and other intelligent life in space. (3) __________ (send) music into outer space was the idea of the famous scientist Carl Sagan, who believed intelligent life existed on other planets. The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any). A group of scientists and artists got down to (4) _________ (choose) suitable music. Of course, they had trouble (5) _______ (select) which pieces of music to include. In the end, 27 different pieces of music (6) ______ (last) 90 minutes were put on the spacecraft. Sending choosing selecting lasting Applying the rules 被打算用作… 着手做某事 China is represented by a recording of Guan Pinghu (7) _______ (play) an ancient piece called Flowing Water on the Chinese instrument qin. It is said that Boya wrote it. It took about 40 years for the Voyager spacecraft (8) _______ (enter) the space between the stars. We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet. playing to enter If you were to choose another piece of Chinese music sent into space, what would you choose? Applying the rules For example: 1.Holding music festival will give the public more chances to appreciate traditional Chinese music. 2.We can make more foreigners know traditional Chinese music by... 3. ... How can we make our traditional Chinese music known by more foreigners? competition media education Having a discussion Possible answers: 1. Organizing traditional music tours around the country might give people more access to traditional Chinese music. 2. Encouraging students to learn how to play traditional Chinese musical instruments can increase appreciation of the music. 3. The media companies can contribute by making more documentary films or TV programmes to promote traditional Chinese music. 4. People might benefit from having traditional Chinese music competitions locally or countryside. 5. Chinese music communities could suggest starting more websites about traditional music. The reason why we should promote traditional Chinese music consist in the fact that … Finish the learning plan. Preview Integrated skills. $$