专题04 阅读策略(复习已学4)-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(鲁教版五四制)

专题04 阅读策略复习 内容导航 题型聚焦：常见题型回顾，有的放矢 方法速记：关键知识梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：题型感知专练，全面突破 七年级下学期英语阅读理解题型应对策略 一、细节理解题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 细节理解题是英语阅读理解中的基础题型，主要考查学生对文章中具体信息的捕捉与分析能力，涉及内容广泛，如时间、地点、人物身份、事件经过、事物特征等。这类题目的答案通常能在原文中直接找到，部分题目需要通过简单的逻辑推理得出，要求学生仔细阅读文本，精准定位关键信息。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.关键词定位法：在阅读题干后，迅速圈出人名、地名、数字、年份、学科名称等具有显著特征的关键词，然后带着这些关键词回到原文，利用 “扫读” 技巧快速定位相关段落或句子，从而锁定答案范围。​ 2.同义替换识别：命题人常通过同义替换的方式设置题目，即用不同的词汇、短语或句式表达相同的含义。学生需要识别题干与原文之间的同义、近义表述，避免因表达方式差异而误判答案。​ 【策略分析】​ [阅读语篇1] Last summer vacation, Lucy went to Beijing with her family by train. They stayed in a nice hotel near Tiananmen Square. On the first day, they visited the Great Wall. It was amazing! The next day, they went to the Palace Museum and took many beautiful photos.​ [阅读试题]How did Lucy go to Beijing?​ A. By plane B. By bus C. By train​ [答题策略] 题干中的关键词为 “Lucy”“go to Beijing”，通过扫读原文，可快速定位到 “Last summer vacation, Lucy went to Beijing with her family by train.” 一句，明确答案为 C。此过程运用关键词定位法，精准找到关键信息。同时，题目中 “go to Beijing” 与原文 “went to Beijing” 为时态不同的同义表达，体现了同义替换在题目设置中的应用 。​ [阅读语篇2] The panda is a lovely animal. It mainly lives in the forests of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu in China. Pandas like to eat bamboo, and they spend most of their time eating and sleeping. An adult panda can weigh about 100 - 125 kilograms.​ [阅读试题]Where do pandas mainly live?​ A. In the deserts of Africa B. In the forests of China C. In the mountains of America​ [答题策略] 利用题干关键词 “pandas”“live”，在原文中找到 “The panda is a lovely animal. It mainly lives in the forests of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu in China.”，可知答案为 B。这里通过关键词定位迅速锁定信息，并且 “live” 与 “lives” 以及 “in the forests of China” 和原文表述一致，直接对应答案。同时，其他选项中 “deserts of Africa”“mountains of America” 与原文形成干扰，需要学生依靠准确的信息定位来排除。​ [阅读语篇3] In my opinion, reading books is very important. First, it can improve our knowledge. For example, by reading science books, we can learn about the universe and new technologies. Second, reading helps us relax. After a long day of study, reading a funny storybook can make us feel better.​ [阅读试题]How can reading science books help us?​ A. Learn about the universe B. Make more friends C. Keep healthy​ [答题策略] 根据题干关键词 “reading science books”，在文中找到 “For example, by reading science books, we can learn about the universe and new technologies.”，得出答案为 A。此过程依赖关键词快速定位到具体论据，而题目中的 “help us” 对应原文 “we can”，“learn about the universe” 直接取自原文，是典型的通过同义表述呈现答案的细节理解题 。 二、词义猜测题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 词义猜测题是英语阅读理解中的常见题型，旨在考查学生根据语境推断生词、短语或句子含义的能力。题目中的 “生词” 既可能是学生尚未接触过的全新词汇，也可能是学过词汇的特殊用法（如熟词生义）。解答此类题目不能依赖词典，需通过分析上下文逻辑关系或词汇构成来推测词义。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.上下文线索法：生词所在句子的前后文通常会提供解释、举例、对比、因果等线索。例如，通过同位语、定语从句、标点符号（如破折号、括号）等对生词进行解释；或利用转折词（but, however）、因果连词（because, so）等逻辑关系推导词义。​ 2.词根词缀法：英语中许多单词由词根、前缀和后缀构成。掌握常见词根（如 “bio-” 表示生命，“graph-” 表示写）、前缀（如 “un-” 表示否定，“re-” 表示重复）、后缀（如 “-tion” 构成名词，“-ful” 构成形容词）的含义，可辅助推测单词的核心意义。​ 【策略分析】​ [阅读语篇1] Tom felt extremely fatigued after running the marathon. He could barely stand up and needed to lie down immediately.​ [阅读试题]The underlined word “fatigued” probably means ______.​ A. energetic B. tired C. excited​ [答题策略] 通过上下文线索法，“after running the marathon”（跑完马拉松后）和 “could barely stand up”（几乎站不起来）构成因果关系，说明跑步导致身体出现疲惫反应，由此推测 “fatigued” 意为 “tired”（疲惫的），答案选 B。选项 A “energetic”（精力充沛的）和 C “excited”（兴奋的）与语境矛盾。​ [阅读语篇2] The phenomenon, that is, the unusual increase in sea levels, has become a global concern. Scientists are researching ways to solve this problem.​ [阅读试题]What does the underlined word “phenomenon” mean?​ A. 灾难 B. 现象 C. 政策​ [答题策略] 破折号后的 “the unusual increase in sea levels”（海平面异常上升）是对 “phenomenon” 的具体解释，通过上下文线索法可知，此处描述的是一种客观存在的情况，即 “现象”，答案选 B。利用同位语作为线索，能直接锁定生词含义，排除 A、C 选项的干扰。​ [阅读语篇3] The misunderstandings between the two groups could have been avoided if they had communicated more clearly. Miscommunication often leads to conflicts.​ [阅读试题]The word “miscommunication” probably refers to ______.​ A. effective communication B. lack of communication C. wrong communication​ [答题策略] 运用词根词缀法，“mis-” 作为前缀表示 “错误、否定”，“communication” 意为 “交流”，由此可推测 “miscommunication” 表示 “错误的交流”，答案选 C。选项 A “effective communication”（有效交流）和 B “lack of communication”（缺乏交流）与词根词缀推导的含义不符。​ [阅读语篇4] Unlike his talkative brother, Mark is rather reticent. He seldom speaks in public and prefers to listen.​ [阅读试题]The underlined word “reticent” means ______ in Chinese.​ A. 健谈的 B. 沉默寡言的 C. 外向的​ [答题策略] 通过上下文线索法，“Unlike his talkative brother”（与他健谈的哥哥不同）建立了对比关系，说明 Mark 的性格与 “talkative”（健谈的）相反，结合 “He seldom speaks in public”（他很少在公共场合说话），可推测 “reticent” 意为 “沉默寡言的”，答案选 B。利用对比词 “Unlike” 和后续行为描述，能快速推断生词含义。 三、主旨大意题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 主旨大意题是英语阅读理解中的核心题型，重点考查学生对文章整体内容的宏观把握与概括能力。此类题目不局限于某个细节，而是要求学生提炼文章的核心观点、主题或中心思想。常见提问方式除了 “What’s the main idea of the passage?”“The passage is mainly about...”，还有 “The passage mainly tells us...”“The best title for this passage could be...” 等。答案通常具有高度概括性，需涵盖文章主要内容，避免以偏概全。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.首尾段分析法：英语文章常遵循 “总 - 分” 或 “分 - 总” 结构，主旨句多位于首段或尾段。首段一般起到开篇点题、引出话题的作用；尾段则用于总结全文、升华主题。阅读时需重点关注首尾段的核心句、观点句或总结句。​ 2.高频词提炼法：文章中反复出现的关键词往往与主旨紧密相关。通过统计高频词，可快速锁定文章核心话题，帮助判断主旨。同时，注意一些同义词或近义词的替换使用，它们也可能围绕同一主题展开。​ 结构梳理法：对于结构复杂的文章，可通过梳理段落大意，分析各段落与文章整体的关系，从而归纳出主旨。例如，分析每个段落是如何支撑或论证核心观点的。​ 【策略分析】​​ [阅读语篇1] 首段：Last weekend, I had an unforgettable experience at the community volunteer activity. It not only taught me new skills but also made me realize the value of helping others.​ 中间段：I helped the elderly clean their houses, taught children how to draw, and organized a small donation drive. Seeing the smiles on their faces, I felt a strong sense of satisfaction. Everyone worked together, and the whole community seemed to come alive.​ 尾段：This volunteer activity was more than just a weekend task. It made me understand that even small acts of kindness can bring warmth and change to people’s lives. I’m looking forward to joining more such activities in the future.​ [阅读试题]What’s the main idea of the passage?​ A. The writer’s weekend plan B. How to organize a volunteer activity C. The writer’s meaningful volunteer experience​ [答题策略] 运用首尾段分析法，首段点明 “unforgettable experience at the community volunteer activity”（难忘的社区志愿活动经历），尾段总结活动的意义，即 “small acts of kindness can bring warmth and change”（小善举能带来温暖与改变）。同时，高频词提炼法也表明 “volunteer activity”“experience” 在文中反复出现。综合判断，答案选 C。选项 A 仅提及周末计划，过于宽泛；选项 B 侧重于活动组织方法，偏离文章重点。​ [阅读语篇2] The Internet has become an essential part of modern life. It connects people around the world, allowing us to communicate, study, and work more efficiently. Through social media platforms, we can share our lives with friends and family instantly. In education, online courses provide endless learning resources. For businesses, e-commerce has revolutionized the way of trading. However, the Internet also brings challenges, such as information security and addiction. We need to use it wisely to enjoy its benefits while avoiding potential risks.​ [阅读试题]The passage is mainly about ______.​ A. the history of the Internet B. the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet C. how to use the Internet safely​ [答题策略] 首段指出 “The Internet has become an essential part of modern life”（互联网已成为现代生活的重要部分），引出主题。随后分别阐述互联网在沟通、教育、商业等方面的优势，以及信息安全和成瘾等问题，体现了其利弊。高频词 “Internet” 贯穿全文，且 “advantages”“disadvantages” 相关表述多次出现。因此，答案选 B。选项 A 文章未涉及互联网历史；选项 C 仅强调安全使用，无法涵盖文章全貌。​ [阅读语篇3] Some people think that playing video games is a waste of time. They believe it can make students lose focus on their studies and harm their physical health. However, video games also have positive aspects. They can improve players’ reaction speed, problem-solving ability, and even teamwork skills in multiplayer games. Moreover, after a long day of study or work, games can serve as a great way to relax. In my opinion, the key is not to ban video games completely but to find a balance between playing and other activities. We should use games as a tool for entertainment and learning, rather than letting them control our lives.​ [阅读试题]The best title for this passage could be ______.​ A. The Bad Effects of Video Games B. The Good Sides of Video Games C. The Proper Attitude towards Video Games​ [答题策略] 文章先列举部分人对游戏的负面看法，再阐述游戏的积极作用，最后在尾段总结观点 “the key is not to ban video games completely but to find a balance”（关键是找到平衡，而非完全禁止），点明对待游戏应持有的正确态度。通过结构梳理法可知，前文正反论述均为尾段观点服务。高频词 “video games” 和 “balance”“proper attitude” 相关含义反复出现。所以，答案选 C。选项 A、B 分别只涉及文章部分内容，属于以偏概全。 四、推理判断题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 推理判断题是英语阅读理解中较具挑战性的题型，其答案不会直接在文中呈现，需要学生基于文章提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系，进行合理的分析、归纳与推断，从而得出隐含的结论。这类题目常考查学生对作者意图、人物情感态度、事件发展趋势等深层信息的理解能力，常见提问方式有 “We can infer from the passage that...”“What can we learn from the story?”“The author implies that...” 等。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.依据原文推理：所有推理必须紧密围绕文章内容，以文中明确表述的事实、细节为依据，避免脱离文本进行过度推断或加入个人主观想法。​ 2.逻辑关系分析：仔细分析文章中的因果关系、对比关系、转折关系、递进关系等逻辑线索，通过这些关系推导隐含信息。例如，根据因果关系由 “因” 推 “果”，或通过对比关系判断事物的差异与特点。​ 3.情感态度判断：关注文中描述性词汇、人物对话和行为细节，以此推断作者或文中人物的情感态度。​ 4.整合信息：对于复杂的推理题，需整合多个段落或句子的信息，综合分析得出结论。 【策略分析】​ [阅读语篇1] Lily had always been afraid of public speaking. When her teacher announced a speech competition, her hands started to shake and her face turned pale. But Lily didn't want to miss this chance to overcome her fear. She spent hours every day practicing in front of the mirror, writing and rewriting her speech, and even asking her friends for feedback. On the day of the competition, although she was still nervous, she walked onto the stage with her head held high.​ [阅读试题]We can infer from the passage that ______.​ A. Lily gave up the speech competition​ B. Lily would perform well in the competition​ C. Lily was not prepared for the competition​ [答题策略] 依据原文推理，文中提到 Lily 虽害怕但 “didn't want to miss this chance to overcome her fear”，且 “spent hours every day practicing”“asking her friends for feedback”，通过这些行为细节可知她为比赛做了充分准备；再结合 “walked onto the stage with her head held high” 展现出的自信姿态，利用逻辑分析可推断出她在比赛中可能会有良好表现，答案选 B。选项 A 与原文中她积极准备的行为相悖；选项 C 与她大量练习的事实不符。​ [阅读语篇2] Solar energy is a clean and renewable resource. It doesn't produce any pollution and can be used continuously as long as there is sunlight. In contrast, coal and oil are non-renewable resources. Once they are used up, they cannot be replenished. Moreover, burning coal and oil releases a large amount of carbon dioxide, which causes serious environmental problems like global warming.​ [阅读试题]What can we infer from the passage?​ A. Solar energy will replace all other energy sources in the future​ B. Coal and oil are more expensive than solar energy​ C. Solar energy is more environmentally friendly than coal and oil​ [答题策略] 通过逻辑分析，文中将太阳能与煤炭、石油进行对比，指出太阳能 “clean and renewable”“doesn't produce any pollution”，而煤炭和石油 “non-renewable” 且燃烧会造成 “serious environmental problems” 。依据这些对比信息可合理推断出太阳能比煤炭、石油更环保，答案选 C。选项 A 中 “replace all other energy sources” 属于过度推断；选项 B 中关于价格的比较在文中未提及。​ [阅读语篇3] Many people think that students should only focus on their studies. However, I believe that extracurricular activities are equally important. Participating in sports can improve physical health and teamwork skills. Joining clubs like the art club or debate club helps students develop creativity and communication abilities. These skills are not only useful in school but also in future careers.​ [阅读试题]The author implies that ______.​ A. students should spend more time on extracurricular activities than on study​ B. extracurricular activities are beneficial for students' overall development​ C. schools should cancel all academic courses​ [答题策略] 依据原文推理，作者先提出他人观点，再通过 “However” 转折表明自己的看法 “extracurricular activities are equally important”，并列举了课外活动在提升健康、技能等方面的好处。通过逻辑分析可知，作者意图强调课外活动对学生全面发展有益，答案选 B。选项 A 中 “spend more time” 在文中未体现，属于过度推断；选项 C “cancel all academic courses” 与原文不符，且过于极端。​ [阅读语篇4] Tom looked at the broken vase on the floor with tears in his eyes. He remembered how carefully his mother had taken care of it for years. He hesitated for a moment, then picked up the pieces and started to clean up the mess. After that, he wrote a note to his mother, confessing what he had done and promising to be more careful in the future.​ [阅读试题]What can we learn from the story?​ A. Tom didn't care about the broken vase​ B. Tom was an honest and responsible boy​ C. Tom would buy a new vase for his mother​ [答题策略] 通过情感态度判断，“looked at the broken vase with tears in his eyes” 体现出 Tom 的难过与愧疚；“picked up the pieces and started to clean up”“confessing what he had done and promising to be more careful” 等行为表明他勇于承担责任、诚实面对错误。依据这些细节可推断出 Tom 是个诚实且有责任感的男孩，答案选 B。选项 A 与他的情感表现不符；选项 C 中 “buy a new vase” 在文中未提及，属于无中生有。 1 March 22 is World Water Day. People think water is the source of all life. Water has been part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. It affects not only the start of Chinese civilization but also many smart ideas in Chinese philosophy. Chinese civilization is one of the ancient river civilizations in the world. It started thousands of years ago along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. So, Chinese culture has been related to water from the very beginning.​ But the relationship between people and water has two sides. Water is very important for life and for growing things. But if we can’t manage it well, it can bring big problems. Knowing how powerful water is, Chinese people have always tried to use it in the best way. For example, Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty in stories, controlled floods. He changed and dug the waterways so that the water could flow into the sea easily. The Dujiangyan irrigation (灌溉) system in Sichuan was built cleverly. It made full use of the natural features of the place without hurting the environment.​ Water also has philosophical meanings in China. These meanings are used to teach people and help rule the country. According to Xunzi (《荀子》), Confucius often thought about water. He believed water had good qualities like fairness and courage. He once said, “Wise people like water; kind people like mountains (智者乐水，仁者乐山)..” So, Confucianism tells people to learn from water and develop their sense of right and wrong. Inspired by water, Laozi came up with the ideas of “using softness to beat hardness (以柔克刚)” and “doing nothing against nature”. These ideas later kept inspiring rulers to follow the laws of nature and respect what people want. Ancient Chinese philosopher Xunzi compared a ruler and his people to a boat and water. He said, “Water can carry a boat, but it can also turn the boat over.”​ Water is everywhere in our daily life. It is a very important part of Chinese culture. It helps build Chinese civilization. 1．What can we know from the idea of “using softness to beat hardness”? A．Water is weak and useless. B．Strength should be used against nature. C．Hardness is better than softness. D．Gentleness can be powerful in certain situations. 2．Why is water considered important in shaping Chinese civilization? A．It is vital for the agricultural sector. B．It served as inspiration for art and literature. C．It influenced both the origin of the civilization and wisdom in philosophy. D．It played a role in China’s technological advancements. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards ancient Chinese water management? A．Critical. B．Praising. C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested. 4．What is the main idea of the article? A．How to celebrate World Water Day in China. B．The history of the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. C．The role of water in Chinese civilization and philosophy. D．Water management in China has evolved significantly since ancient times. 2 A Meaningful School Trip Last autumn, our class took a memorable trip to the City History Museum. At first, I thought it would be terrible—who enjoys dusty exhibits? But what happened next changed my mind. We explored ancient tools in Hall A．Ms. Lane, our guide, taught us how people created pottery 3,000 years ago. My friend Jake recorded her explanations on his phone. Suddenly, we realized the microphone wasn’t working! Ms. Lane’s voice filled the silent room like a storyteller’s. The best part came in Hall B．We agreed to join a workshop. Using clay, we created mini artworks while rain filled the streets outside. I made a crooked vase but laughed harder than ever. At lunch, we shared stories under umbrellas. Jake played his recordings—Ms. Lane’s voice mixed with our giggles. “This is better than any history video!” he said. Finally, on the bus back, Ms. Lane smiled: “Today wasn’t about perfect art. You experienced how history lives.” Looking at my muddy vase, I realized messy moments sometimes teach the most. 5．Where did the class trip take place? A．A pottery studio. B．The City History Museum. C．An ancient tool factory. D．A rainy outdoor park. 6．What problem occurred during the tour? A．The bus broke down. B．The microphone failed. C．All artworks got damaged. D．The museum closed early. 7．What did the students create in the workshop? A．History videos. B．Mini clay artworks. C．Rainproof umbrellas. D．Storytelling recordings. 8．What did the students realize at the end? A．Museums are always boring. B．Imperfect experiences can teach lessons. C．Recording devices are useless. D．Clay vases are easy to make. 3 Going green seems to be a fashion for a lot of people these days, but for the two of us, going green is not a fashion but a lifestyle. On April 22, 2019, we started our plan to go green every day for a year. This meant doing 365 different green things. For example, we reused water and cut down the use of our energy. Also, we had to think of something different to do and this was not easy. With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I taught people how they could go green in their lives. We hoped we could show people all the green things that we could do to make the environment better. We wanted to push the idea that every little bit helps it a lot. During Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic (有机的) stores. We eat less meat, choosing green food. We greatly cut down our buying. We give away half of what we have on the Internet. We clean our home with vinegar (醋) and lemon juice instead of chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of home-made bread. In our home office, anyone doing something ungreen may be punished (惩罚). We changed a lot during Our Green Year. We are thankful for the chance to be able to go green and teach others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet. 9．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The lifestyle. B．The fashion. C．The environment. D．Our Green Year. 10．It was hard for the writer and his wife to live a green life for the whole year because ________. A．they needed to do something green and unusual B．they didn’t know how to teach other people C．they would not like to cut down their use of energy D．they wanted to follow the green fashion 11．What did the writer and his wife do during the Green Year? A．They stopped others’ green behavior (行为). B．They tried to stop their ungreen habits. C．They used better chemical cleaners. D．They sold their home-made food. 12．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The government will give support to the green project. B．Some people disagree with the writer’s green ideas. C．Our Green Year is becoming a national fashion. D．The writer may continue his lifestyle in the future. 4 ① Talking to yourself might seem strange if someone notices. But don’t feel bad about it. It’s actually very helpful to you. ② Talking out loud helps your brain work better. It can improve your performance in studying, doing sports, and solving problems. Researchers (研究者) studied 72 tennis players. They divided them into two groups. One group stayed silent (沉默) while playing, and the other talked to themselves. The group who talked to themselves felt more confident and performed better. ③ If you’re feeling sad or angry, talking to yourself can help. Using your name, like saying, “Tom, you can deal with this,” allows you to think calmly (冷静地) and see things in a different way. For example, before an exam, you can say, “I’m ready for this!” This kind of self-talk makes you feel stronger. It’s like giving yourself a pep talk to face challenges. ④ Self-talk also helps improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else reading, and listening to a recording of oneself reading. They found that reading out loud helps you remember things best. Speaking the words makes the information (信息) stay in your brain longer. ⑤ So, don’t feel shy. Talking to yourself is a great way to improve your mood, memory, and confidence. It’s like having a conversation with your best friend—yourself! Next time you need to study, play a sport, or solve a problem, try talking to yourself. You might be surprised by how much it helps. It’s not strange—it’s a smart way to make your brain more active! 13．What did researchers find about tennis players who talked to themselves? A．They played worse than silent players. B．They felt more confident and performed better. C．They became tired more quickly. D．They forgot their game strategies. 14．How can talking to yourself help when you’re unhappy? A．It helps you think calmly and see things differently. B．It makes you forget your problems quickly. C．It makes other people give you more care and support. D．It makes you speak in a louder and calmer voice. 15．What does the underlined phrase “a pep talk” in paragraph 3 mean? A．A friendly greeting. B．An encouraging speech. C．A funny joke. D．A long lesson. 16．What is the best way to remember information according to the passage? A．Reading silently. B．Listening to someone else read. C．Reading out loud. D．Listening to a recording of yourself. 17．What is the structure of the passage? A．①②→③④→⑤ B．①→②③④→⑤ C．①②③④→⑤ D．①→②③④⑤ 5 China has a long history. So, there are a lot of cool places with amazing historical stories. On this page, you will read some amazing sites in China. The Grand Canal The Grand Canal (大运河) is a man-made waterway with a history of more than 2,500 years. It is as long as 3,200 kilometers! It’s the longest man-made canal in the world. It has three parts and the longest part is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which is about 1,794 kilometers long. The Longmen Grottoes The Longmen Grottoes (龙门石窟) are in Luoyang, Henan province. One of the biggest groups of status (雕像) is in the Fengxian Temple. They show us what art was like during the Tang Dynasty. In 2000, UNESCO listed the Longmen Grottoes as a UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) site. The Erlitou Site The Erlitou site (二里头遗址), in Henan province, was the capital city for the middle and late periods of the Xia Dynasty. Also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is important for finding out how Chinese civilization (文明) began and how people build ancient capitals. 18．How long is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal? A．About 1,794 kilometers. B．About 3,200 kilometers. C．About 2,500 kilometers. D．About 2,000 kilometers. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The Grand Canal has four parts in total. B．The Grand Canal is the second longest man - made canal in the world. C．We can find out how people build ancient capitals in The Erlitou Site. D．The statues in Fengxian Temple show us the art during the Xia Dynasty. 20．In which part of a magazine can we see this passage? A．Science. B．Culture C．Health D．Fashion. 6 West Town Bike is a group that organizes local bike clubs for teenagers. It is based in Chicago. Teens at West Town Bike say that they enjoy biking, but biking in this city sometimes seems dangerous. Recently, these students have suggested a lot of solutions in order to make roads safer for bikers. David Harb, a senior at Lane Tech High School, has learned hand signals from his father since he was 6. These simple movements tell drivers if a biker plans to turn or stop. “They’re like a secret language between riders and drivers.” David explained. Now riding to school daily, he strongly believes this skill should be taught in classrooms. “Why not start bike safety clubs?” he suggested. “Schools could have weekly classes showing students proper hand signals. No need for building new roads-just use your arms to stay safe.” Christopher Garcia, a student from Lake View High School, has another idea. He thinks that the government should set up bike safety zones near busy crossroads. These zones could include clear markings and signs to guide bikers and warn drivers. “Drivers know they should slow down or stop when they see these signs.” Christopher explained. He even presented his design as an example. “If we add flashing lights and clear ‘Bike Zone’ signs at this busy crossroads near the school, students will pass through this area more safely.” Jane Perez, a night rider from Lincoln High School, agrees it’s important for bikers to be noticed by drivers. Though her bike has three bright LED lights, many streets are still too dark and unsafe, “Many roads don’t have proper lighting.” she said. “We should add more bike-friendly streetlights, which can help drivers notice us from far away. This would be an efficient way to prevent accidents.” 21．According to David, who should teach hand signals to teenagers? A．Family members. B．Police officers. C．Local bike clubs. D．Schools and teachers. 22．What does Christopher suggest to make biking safer? A．Improving lighting in dark areas. B．Building more new roads for students. C．Creating a safe area to protect the bikers. D．Helping drivers know if bikers want to turn. 23．What do all the students’ suggestions have in common? A．They mainly focus on biking at night. B．They need support from the government. C．They think schools should take action immediately. D．They include ways to help drivers notice the bikers. 24．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage students to bike to school. B．To attract teenagers to join West Town Bike. C．To explain why biking in Chicago is dangerous. D．To introduce students’ ideas on improving bike safety. 25．Where can we probably find this article? A．Modern Art. B．Local News Daily. C．Business Weekly. D．Global Travel Guide. 7 Why do the leaves on trees have different colors? What makes them change their colors? Leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis (光合作用). Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in autumn with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical (化学物质). The orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves are icy while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again , the leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 26．What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A．It is a way of growing leaves. B．It is a way of changing colors. C．It is a way to make food for plants. D．It is a way for animals to eat plants. 27．What stops leaves from making the green chemical in autumn? A．Less air in autumn. B．Less sunlight in autumn. C．Less water in autumn. D．Less time in autumn. 28．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．The trees. B．The leaves. C．The colors. D．The animals. 29．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．①②③④⑤\\⑥ B．①\\②③④⑤⑥ C．①\\②③④⑤\\⑥ D．①\\②③\\④\\⑤⑥ 30．What is the best title of the passage? A．The importance of the sunlight B．The trees in different seasons C．The colors of the tree leaves D．The changes of the four seasons 8 In 2004, 20-year-old Wu Xiong became the headteacher of Tangfang Primary School in Bailing Town, Xingren City, Guizhou. At that time, the school had only an old house, 3 teachers and 75 students. Even worse, many children there showed little interest in going to school. To solve this problem, Wu turned to sports. In 2006, the school organized its first sports meeting. “We made a simple ping-pong table for a competition,” Wu said. Over time, badminton, long-distance running and other events appeared in the sports meeting, making it more popular with the students. As the situation slowly improved, Tangfang Primary School got better and better. In 2009, the school became a boarding school 寄宿学校 with hundreds of students. School life was even more necessary to make the students’ after - school life more colorful. Now, with an area more than 10 times the size of that in 2004, the school has 42 teachers and about 500 students. The number of PE teachers has also increased 增加 from zero to four. With the great help of the school, the students have at least 2.5 hours of physical activities every day. Also, by joining in all kinds of competitions, the students have learned how to work out all kinds of problems in life and study. “Letting the students play sports they enjoy is not a bad thing for their studies,” Wu said. Sports give the students another great way to get out of the mountains. 31．Why did Wu Xiong bring sports into the school at first? A．To improve the students’ health. B．To turn it into a boarding school. C．To get the students coming to school. D．To make the students join in competitions. 32．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Badminton. B．The sports meeting. C．Tangfang Primary School. D．The ping-pong competition. 33．How does the writer show his idea in Paragraph 4? A．By telling stories. B．By showing reasons. C．By asking questions. D．By giving numbers. 34．Which of the following may Wu Xiong agree with? A．PE is the most important subject at school. B．Sports can help some students get a better future. C．Students who love sports study better than others. D．Having more after-school activities is a waste of time. 35．What can be the best title for the text? A．The role of PE in education. B．A primary school’s great changes. C．A headmaster’s hard work at school. D．How to turn a small school into a big one. 9 Does happiness matter? People have different opinions. Some think there are more important things to worry about, while others believe happiness is what everyone wants in life. To understand this, we first need to understand what happiness really means. Happiness is about our feelings, but it’s more than just a short moment of smiles or laughter. Instead, happiness is how we feel about our lives overall. Every day, we feel many different emotions. For example, feelings like fear and anger help protect us from danger, while happy feelings like joy and hope help us make friends and solve problems. Being happy doesn’t mean we should never feel sad or angry. Everyone has difficult times, and it’s normal (正常的) to have these feelings. True happiness means enjoying good times while also learning to deal with hard times. Research shows happiness plays an important role in success. Some might think happy people are less hardworking, but research shows the opposite is true. They actually perform (表现) better in their jobs, maintain better health, and build stronger relationships. In one study at Warwick University, scientists put participants (参与者) into two groups. The first group watched a happy, funny video while the second group watched a normal video. After watching, both groups did the same office task. The results showed that the first group did their tasks 11% better than the second one. Other researchers have found similar results. For example, business researchers studied companies for many years and found that companies with happier workers always did better in the market. Also, when scientists followed young people for many years, they saw that those who were happier in childhood usually were more successful when they grew up than those who were less happy. One of the reasons is that happiness can wake up the control center in children’s brains, to help weigh options more clearly, like choosing “study first, play later” instead of wasting time. In other words, happiness may lead to success, not just come from it. Of course, happiness doesn’t solve all problems. Happy people still have difficulties, and not all happy people are successful. But happiness does make life better in many ways. In the end, happiness is more than just a feeling. It helps us succeed, makes society stronger, and gives life its real meaning. 36．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Happiness is not only a moment of joy. B．What the true meaning of happiness is. C．It is natural to have different feelings. D．Happiness is about people’s feelings. 37．What does the expression “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happiness is good for relationships. B．Hard work makes people successful. C．Happy people could do better work. D．Success leads to better health. 38．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Happy workers did 11% more work than less happy ones. B．A happy childhood can ensure a happier life in adulthood. C．Happiness makes people overcome the bad feelings. D．Happiness can help people make better decisions. 39．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss different people’s ideas about happiness. B．To compare happy people with others in research. C．To tell us that success is the key to happiness. D．To show that happiness is important for success. 10 In a beautiful forest, there lives a little frog named Froggy. One sunny and hot day, Froggy’s mother says to him. “It’s a great day for a swim in the river!” So, Froggy and his mother happily jump outside. Froggy’s mother jumps into the river with a big sound! But Froggy doesn’t follow. Where is Froggy? “FRROGGYY! Come on in!” calls his mother. “No! No! I don’t want to jump in the water!” Froggy cries. “Wow! It’s really great to be in the water on such a hot day! Come on in! …” Froggy’s mother goes on encouraging Froggy. At last, Froggy jumps into the river. But he is always in his mother’s arms. “Try to swim, baby. Don’t you know frogs are great swimmers?” Froggy’s mother asks. “Not me! I can’t swim!” Froggy still stays in his mother’s arms without moving at all. “You can swim, baby! I’ll show you how.” Froggy’s mother keeps encouraging Froggy. “First, float (浮) on the water and put your face in the water.” “I don’t want to,” Froggy says. “Oh, come on!” Froggy’s mother says. “Just try it!” Froggy does as its mother says. “Great! Now move your arms and do the frog kick (踢腿).” Froggy’s mother adds. “I don’t want to.” Froggy says. “Come on, baby, one more time.” encourages Froggy’s mother. Froggy starts to float, move and kick slowly. And then it happens. Froggy can swim. Froggy can swim by being brave (勇敢的)! Froggy is too excited! Froggy swims around happily. Froggy’s mother is happy for her son, too. Froggy swims for a really, really long time. “Well, it’s getting cold, Froggy. It’s time to get out.” “No, no! I can’t get out! Even if I’m very tired.” “Why not?” “Um...well...because I can’t find my swimming pants (泳裤) ...” 40．Why doesn’t Froggy want to jump into the river at first? A．He is too hot. B．He wants to play on the sports field. C．He thinks he is not good at swimming. D．He doesn’t want to swim with his mother. 41．Which of the following is the correct order of the text? a. Froggy floats, moves and kicks.        b. Froggy starts to enjoy swimming. c. Froggy’s mother jumps into the river.    d. Froggy is always in his mother’s arms. A．a-b-d-c B．b-a-c-d C．c-d-a-b D．d-c-a-b 42．Why does Froggy want to stay in the water at the end of the text? A．He is having fun swimming. B．He loses his swimming pants. C．He wants to play with his friends. D．He doesn’t want to listen to his mother. 43．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Mothers always know best. B．Rivers are dangerous places. C．Some frogs are poor at swimming. D．We should be brave to try new things. 44．Where can we probably find this text? A．A storybook. B．A news letter. C．A message board. D．An online forum. 11 Dragons have long held the imagination of both Chinese and Western cultures, but they have very different looks and meanings that set them apart. In Chinese culture, the dragon, named “Long”, holds a special place. It has a special appearance, looking like a huge, long snake combined with various animal parts. For example, it has the tail of a fish, which helps it swim gracefully in water. The scales (鳞) of a fish cover its body, giving it a shiny and protective surface. Its long neck is similar to that of a snake, allowing for flexible movement. Chinese dragons are often wingless, but they have the magical ability to rocket up and fly through the sky. They stand for many positive qualities. In the past, they are the symbols (象征) of power. Emperors and kings were considered as sons of dragons, showing their noble (尊贵的) position. Also, Chinese farmers, who depended on good weather for their crops, used to offer sacrifices (祭祀品) like sheep to dragon gods. They hoped that the dragons would bring favorable weather, and thus good harvests. Moreover, dragons are believed to bring good fortune. You can often see dragon pictures on New Year decorations or at other traditional festivals like the Dragon Boat Festival. In Western culture. dragons are very different. They are giant creatures that can breathe fire and destroy life. Their large bat-like wings carry them to the sky. Their bodies are covered in lizard-like scales, and their tails often have a sharp tip. Western dragons are usually related to evil. In medieval times (中世纪), they were seen as symbols of the devil, and the devil was even called “the great dragon”. Knights (骑士) would be celebrated as the bravest heroes when they killed dragons. In a word, the dragons of Chinese and Western cultures reveal the large differences between these two worlds. While Chinese dragons are seen as symbols of strength, wisdom, and good fortune, the Western dragons are often described as wicked, fire-breathing beasts. Whether as a protector of the world or a fearsome enemy, the dragon remains a timeless and fascinating fictional creature, inviting us to explore the depths of our own culture and imagination. 45．Which of the following is NOT a feature of Chinese dragons described in the passage? A．They have lizard-like scales. B．They have a long, flexible neck. C．They can fly without wings. D．They have the tail of a fish. 46．Why did Chinese farmers offer sacrifices to dragon gods? A．To get protection from wild animals. B．To show respect to the emperor. C．To ensure good weather and harvests. D．To celebrate Chinese New Year. 47．How are dragons described in Western culture? A．As magical and protective beings. B．As wingless and gentle creatures. C．As evil and fire-breathing beasts. D．As common signs of good fortune. 48．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 12 The first time I saw August Pullman, he was sitting alone at the back of Mr. Browne’s classroom, his face half-hidden behind a tower of textbooks. Most new kids would’ve been scanning the room for friends, but he was too busy taking notes. When Mr. Browne wrote “CHOOSE KIND” on the board, he circled the words twice like they were the answer to some secret question only he knew. I didn’t sit with August that first day because I felt sorry for him. I sat with him because he was laughing at Mr. Browne’s lesson. Most kids were rolling their eyes, but August was actually writing things down—like he truly cared about “When given the choice between being right or being kind, choose kind.” Later in the cafeteria, Julian kept asking those questions: “What happened to your face? Were you in a fire?” August handled it like an expert. He just said, “No, I was born this way. It’s called mandibulofacial dysostosis, if you really want to know.” Julian looked stupid then, because August knew more big words than he did. What’s strange is how people treat me now that I’m friends with August. Some kids called me “Nice Summer” quietly like it’s an insult (侮辱). Others suddenly want to be my friend, asking all these fake-nice questions about him. The worst are the teachers—they give me these cheering looks, like I’m some kind of hero for eating lunch with him. August doesn’t need my protection. Yesterday, some seventh-grader tripped him in the hallway. Before I could react, August got up and said, “Thanks for the floor examination. It looks clean.” The kid just walked away confused. Sometimes I wonder why more people don’t see what I see: a funny kid who chews his pencils to death, who can name every planet’s moons, who remembers that I hate cream. Not “the kid with the face”. Just August. But then I hear the whispers in the locker room, see the way kids suddenly change seats when he sits down…and I remember why this is so hard. Walking home that afternoon, I remembered that Mom always says middle school is just practice for real life, but what’s the lesson here? That most people are too scared to sit next to someone different? 49．Why did Summer firstly sit with August? A．She pitied his unusual appearance. B．She noticed his reaction to Mr. Browne’s lesson. C．The teachers asked her to help him. D．She wanted to impress other students. 50．Summer finds others’ “Nice Summer” comments ________. A．wise and encouraging B．hurtful but understandable C．funny but insulting D．strange and annoying 51．August’s reaction to being tripped shows that he ________. A．was afraid of a fight B．wanted to report bullies to teachers C．relied on Summer for protection D．used humor wisely to solve problems 52．This passage mainly explores________. A．the challenges August faces with his school work B．Summer’s development of true friendship C．teachers’ unfair treatment of special needs students D．Julian’s bullying behavior and its results 13 We all have trouble, and often make mistakes. However, many of us find it hard to admit (承认) them to others. We believe that our trouble and mistakes show our weakness, and we are afraid to let others see us as not good enough. The good news is that our worries about the negative evaluations (负面评价) from others may not be as serious as we imagine. A research suggested that we saw our act of showing weakness more negatively than others did, and researchers called this the “beautiful mess effect (效应)”. In other words, we may not be such a mess as we think. This effect can stop us from sharing our true feelings and needs, which can be good for us. For example, studies show that sharing personal information about oneself may help build closeness and trust (信任), while saying sorry sincerely and admitting the mistakes you make could improve a fractured relationship. So researchers wanted to know how we could get over the “beautiful mess effect”. Their new experiments suggest that being self-compassionate (自我同情) can be very helpful when we want to find beauty in our own weakness. In the study, researchers invited 340 university students to take part in four experiments. In one of them, they asked students to imagine themselves admitting to their boss that they’d made a big mistake on a project. Then, students needed to evaluate this act: Did they see it as an act of showing one’s courage or weakness? Finally, researchers evaluated how self-compassionate the students were. The study showed that lowly self-compassionate students evaluated their own act more negatively. However, highly self-compassionate students were not much influenced by the “beautiful mess effect”. In other words, self-compassion helps us evaluate our act of showing weakness more fairly (客观地). Luckily, our level of self-compassion is not fixed and can be raised if we want to. If we are kind and caring towards ourselves, we can become more comfortable with showing our weakness. This practice, in turn, can improve our relationships. 53．What did the research find about the “beautiful mess effect”? A．Our mistakes are as serious as we imagine. B．The effect helps us share our true feelings. C．Most people enjoy showing their weakness to others. D．We see our own weakness more negatively than others do. 54．The underlined word “fractured” in paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．broken B．close C．strong D．hidden 55．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why they did the study. B．Who were in the study. C．How the researchers did the study. D．What findings the study found. 56．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call on people to share their mistakes. B．To encourage people to be self-compassionate. C．To praise people who are brave to admit mistakes. D．To discuss the disadvantage of “beautiful mess effect”. 14 Hi, I’m Fu Zai, a 6-month-old corgi (柯基). I’m China’s first corgi police dog! Some people think I can’t be a great police dog because of my short legs. But I’m here to tell you that they are wrong! One day, when I was 2 months old, I was playing with my owner in the park. A policeman saw me and thought I had the talent to be a police dog. Then, I started my training. My short legs make me stand out! I can go under cars or get into and search small spaces easily. Bigger dogs can’t do this but I can! My only problem is that I can’t run very fast. When we are outside doing our job, sometimes my trainer needs to give me a piggyback (背上的) ride. It’s one of my favorite parts of the job. Becoming a police dog is not easy. Dogs need to take lots of classes and exams. Step 1: Go to a puppy kindergarten ·Puppies in the. kindergarten should be younger than 6 months old. ·Dogs there learn lots of simple skills, like listening to orders, fighting and getting over obstacles (障碍). Step 2: Get trained at a dog base ·Each dog will find a trainer at the base. They will work in pairs. ·The dogs need to choose a “job” and learn different skills, like finding missing people, smelling for dangerous things and so on. Step 3: Take a big exam ·After three to six months of training, dogs will take an important exam. ·To pass it, they need to be strong and follow orders. Those who pass it can become police dogs. 57．What is the advantage of Fu Zai’s short legs? A．He can run faster than other dogs. B．He can search small spaces easily. C．He can jump higher than bigger dogs. D．He doesn’t need any training. 58．What does the underlined word “stand out” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．To be taller than others. B．To be special in a good way. C．To have difficulty walking. D．To stand up on two legs.. 59．Why does Fu Zai need to get piggyback rides from his trainer? A．Because he is so tired that he can’t walk. B．Because he likes to be close to his trainer. C．Because he cannot run fast and needs help. D．Because he enjoys the feeling of being carried. 60．Which simple skill isn’t learned in the puppy kindergarten? A． B． C． D． 61．What can we learn about Fu Zai from the passage? A．He isn’t confident in his short legs. B．He is proud of his own job. C．He is afraid of taking exams. D．He likes being a pet dog more than a police dog. 15 ①The United Nations (UN) has decided that 2025 is the year of glacier (冰川) protection. It has also set March 21, 2025, as the first yearly World Day for Glaciers to ask everyone to help save glaciers. You can think of glaciers as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains and valleys (山谷) over Earth’s history. They are still moving and hanging land in many places today. ②Glaciers are not just important for the land. The water from glaciers is also good for rivers and seas. In some places, glaciers give water to people and animals. They help keep Earth’s temperature constant (恒温). They also hold 70% of Earth’s clean water. In areas like the Himalayas, many people need glacier water to live. ③However, climate change is making problems for glaciers. Many glaciers are disappearing (消失). There will be less water for people to drink and farm. It is also bad for animals and plants. To deal with the problem, China is using smart ideas to slow down glacier melting (融化), UNESCO said. ④One idea is to use special glacier blankets (毯子) to slow melting. At Dagu Glacier, these blankets covered 500 m2 and slowed melting by 34% (2020-2021). In Xinjiang’s Glacier No.1, thinner blankets worked even better, cutting summer melting by up to 70%. The blankets block sunlight to protect the ice. ⑤Scientists also create artificial snow (人造雪) to help glaciers stay cooler and melt more slowly. In April and May 2023, scientists did this in the Bailanghe Glacier. The glacier grew 5.9 percent bigger. It is also important to watch glaciers carefully. Scientists use special devices (设备) to watch glaciers. This helps scientists know how glaciers are changing. By studying the numbers, scientists can find better ways to protect glaciers. 62．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4? A．stop B．choose C．mix D．change 63．In this passage, the UN wants to protect glaciers because ______. ①they offer fresh water to people and animals ②they cover 70% of the Earth’s surface (表面) ③climate change makes problems for them ④they are important to rivers and seas A．①② B．③④ C．①②③ D．①③④ 64．What can we learn from the passage? A．Glacier blankets at Dagu Glacier stopped melting in 2020-2021. B．Glaciers move quickly across the land and make fast changes on land. C．Artificial snow projects are more helpful than glacier blankets for all glaciers. D．Studying glaciers with special devices helps find out how to protect glacier better. 65．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 参考答案 1 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文讲述了水在中国文明发展和哲学中占据核心地位，影响了文明的起源和众多智慧思想。自古以来，中国人就学会利用水资源，并从水中汲取道德和哲学的启示。 1．细节理解题。根据“Inspired by water, Laozi came up with the ideas of ‘using softness to beat hardness (以柔克刚)’ and ‘doing nothing against nature’”可知，“以柔克刚”的理念表明柔在某些情况下可以具有强大力量，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Water has been part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. It affects not only the start of Chinese civilization but also many smart ideas in Chinese philosophy”可知，水既影响了中国文明的起源，也影响了哲学智慧，故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据“The Dujiangyan irrigation system in Sichuan was built cleverly. It made full use of the natural features of the place without hurting the environment”等对古代水利工程的描述可知作者持赞赏态度，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文多次强调“water in Chinese civilization and philosophy”可知，文章核心是水在中国文明和哲学中的作用，故选C。 2 5．B 6．B 7．B 8．B 【解析】本文介绍了一次波折但充满启发的博物馆研学之旅，通过突发事件和实践活动展现“不完美经历”的教育意义。 5．细节理解题。根据“Last autumn, our class took a memorable trip to the City History Museum.”可知，作者去去城市历史博物馆旅行。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly, we realized the microphone wasn’t working!”可知，麦克风出故障了。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“Using clay, we created mini artworks while rain filled the streets outside.”可知，学生们制作黏土小艺术品。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据“I realized messy moments sometimes teach the most.”可知，本文揭示了不完美体验的教育价值。故选B。 3 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者和妻子把绿色生活作为一种生活方式，并且在2019年4月22日开启了为期一年的“绿色年”计划，传递“点滴环保行动也可以给环境带来改变”的理念。 9．词义猜测题。根据“We hoped we could show people all the green things that we could do to make the environment better.”可知作者希望向人们展示所有我们能做的有利于环境的事都能使环境更好，所以此处的it指代“环境”，故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据“This meant doing 365 different green things.”和“Also, we had to think of something different to do and this was not easy.”可知作者在“绿色年”期间要做365件不同的有利于环境的事，不得不考虑做一些不同的事，这是不容易的，故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据“During Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic stores. ...We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of home-made bread. In our home office, anyone doing something ungreen may be punished”可知作者和他的妻子在“绿色年”期间在有机商店购物，少吃肉，选择绿色食物，削减购买，不使用化学清洁剂，自己做面包，所以判断在这期间，作者和妻子尽量停止他们的不绿色习惯，故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据“We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet”可以推断作者在将来可能继续他的绿色生活方式，故选D。 4 13．B 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自言自语对人们的好处，包括能让大脑更好地工作、改善情绪、提高记忆力等，鼓励人们尝试自言自语，不要觉得不好意思。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“The group who talked to themselves felt more confident and performed better.”可知，自言自语的网球运动员感觉更自信，表现得更好。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Using your name, like saying, ‘Tom, you can deal with this,’ allows you to think calmly and see things in a different way.”可知，当你不开心时，自言自语能让你冷静思考，以不同的方式看待事情。故选A。 15．词义猜测题。根据第三段“This kind of self-talk makes you feel stronger.”可知，这种自言自语让你感觉更强大；据此可以推断，划线单词“a pep talk”的意思是“鼓励性的讲话”。故选B。 16．细节理解题。根据第四段“They found that reading out loud helps you remember things best.”可知，大声朗读是记住信息的最佳方式。故选C。 17．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第一段引出“自言自语对人有帮助”的话题；第二段介绍自言自语能让大脑更好工作，第三段介绍自言自语能改善情绪，第四段介绍自言自语能提高记忆力，这三段分别从不同方面阐述了自言自语的好处；第五段总结，鼓励人们尝试自言自语；因此本文属于“总——分——总”结构，即①→②③④→⑤。故选B。 5 18．A 19．C 20．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国三个具有重要历史意义的文化遗址：大运河、龙门石窟和二里头遗址，展现了中国悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。 18．细节理解题。根据“The Grand Canal”部分中“...the longest part is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which is about 1,794 kilometers long”可知，京杭大运河的长度约为1,794公里。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据“The Erlitou Site”部分“it is important for finding out...how people build ancient capitals”可知，C项正确。故选C。 20．推理判断题。全文介绍历史文化遗址，最可能出现在杂志的“文化”版块。故选B。 6 21．D 22．C 23．D 24．D 25．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了West Town Bike组织的青少年关于改善骑行安全的建议。 21．细节理解题。根据“David Harb…‘Why not start bike safety clubs?’ he suggested. ‘Schools could have weekly classes showing students proper hand signals. No need for building new roads-just use your arms to stay safe.’”可知，David认为学校和老师应该教青少年手势信号。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据“Christopher Garcia…He thinks that the government should set up bike safety zones near busy crossroads. These zones could include clear markings and signs to guide bikers and warn drivers.”可知，Christopher建议政府在繁忙的十字路口附近设立自行车安全区，来保障骑行安全。选项C“创建一个安全区域来保护骑自行车的人”符合文意。故选C。 23．推理判断题。David Harb建议学校教学生手势信号，帮助司机明白骑行者意图；Christopher Garcia建议设立自行车安全区，通过标志让司机注意骑行者；Jane Perez建议增加自行车友好型路灯，让司机从远处注意到骑行者。所以他们的建议都包括帮助司机注意骑自行车的人的方法。故选D。 24．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了West Town Bike组织的青少年David Harb、Christopher Garcia和Jane Perez关于改善自行车骑行安全的想法。选项D“介绍学生们关于改善自行车骑行安全的想法”符合文章主旨。故选D。 25．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了青少年关于改善自行车骑行安全的建议，属于当地学生对于生活中交通安全问题的关注和提议。选项B“当地新闻日报”符合。故选B。 7 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．C 【解析】本文主要探讨树叶颜色变化的原因，介绍了光合作用对树叶的作用，以及不同季节树叶颜色变化和树木落叶等现象背后的原理。 26．细节理解题。根据“Leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis (光合作用).”可知，光合作用是树叶为树木制造食物的一种方式。故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据“Many places get colder in autumn with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical (化学物质).”可知，秋天树木接受的阳光变少，光合作用减缓，树叶停止制造绿色化学物质，所以是秋天阳光变少导致的。故选B。 28．词句猜测题。根据“Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves.”和“They do this to keep themselves safe.”可知，这里They指代前文的the trees，表示树木落叶是为了保护自己。故选A。 29．篇章结构题。通读原文可知，文章第一段提出树叶颜色不同及变化原因的问题，属于总起；第二至五段分别从光合作用、不同季节树叶的变化等方面进行阐述；第六段写春天到来树叶又开始新的循环，是总结。所以结构是总分总。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，文章围绕树叶颜色展开，讲述了树叶颜色不同以及在不同季节变化的原因等内容，C选项“树叶的颜色”符合文章主旨。故选C。 8 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．B 【解析】本文讲述了吴雄通过引入体育活动，成功改善了唐房小学的教学环境和学生的上学积极性，使学校从一个小规模的简陋学校发展成为拥有更多师生和更好设施的寄宿学校。 31．细节理解题。根据第一段“At that time, the school had only an old house, 3 teachers and 75 students. Even worse, many children there showed little interest in going to school. To solve this problem, Wu turned to sports.” 可知，当时很多孩子对上学没兴趣，为了解决这个问题，吴雄引入了体育活动，所以他最初把体育引入学校是为了让学生来上学。故选C。 32．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Over time, badminton, long-distance running and other events appeared in the sports meeting, making it more popular with the students.”可知，随着时间推移，羽毛球、长跑等项目出现在运动会中，使得运动会更受学生欢迎，所以“it”指代的是前面提到的the sports meeting“运动会”。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“Now, with an area more than 10 times the size of that in 2004, the school has 42 teachers and about 500 students. The number of PE teachers has also increased from zero to four. With the great help of the school, the students have at least 2.5 hours of physical activities every day.”可知，作者通过“more than 10 times”“42 teachers”“about 500 students”“from zero to four”“2.5 hours”等数字，展示了学校现在的规模、师资以及学生体育活动时间等方面的情况，从而体现学校的变化。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Letting the students play sports they enjoy is not a bad thing for their studies,’ Wu said. Sports give the students another great way to get out of the mountains.”可知，吴雄认为让学生参加他们喜欢的体育活动对学习没有坏处，而且体育为学生提供了另一种走出大山的好方法，即体育可以帮助一些学生获得更好的未来。故选B。 35．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了塘坊小学从 2004 年吴雄担任校长时只有一座旧房子、3 名教师和 75 名学生，很多学生对上学没兴趣，到后来通过引入体育活动，学校逐渐发展，变成寄宿学校，规模不断扩大，师资力量增强，学生也能有更多体育活动等一系列的巨大变化。故选B。 9 36．B 37．C 38．D 39．D 【解析】本文主要探讨了幸福的意义以及幸福与成功的关系。 36．段落大意题。根据“Happiness is about our feelings, but it’s more than just a short moment of smiles or laughter. Instead, happiness is how we feel about our lives overall.”和“True happiness means enjoying good times while also learning to deal with hard times.”可知，本段开头指出幸福不仅仅是短暂的欢笑，接着说明幸福是我们对生活的整体感受，最后强调真正的幸福意味着享受美好时光的同时学会应对困难时期，整段围绕“幸福的真正含义是什么”而展开。故选B。 37．词义猜测题。根据“Some might think happy people are less hardworking, but research shows the opposite is true.”可知，一些人认为快乐的人不太勤奋，但研究表明正好相反，说明“快乐的人在工作中表现更好”。故选C。 38．观点态度题。根据“happiness can wake up the control center in children’s brains, to help weigh options more clearly”可知，幸福可以唤醒大脑的控制中心，帮助人们更清楚地权衡各种选择。所以D选项“幸福可以帮助人们做出更好的决定”符合作者观点。故选D。 39．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开头引出对幸福的讨论，接着解释幸福的含义，然后通过研究例子说明幸福在成功中起的作用，最后总结幸福不仅是一种感觉，还能帮助我们成功、让社会更强大并赋予生活真正的意义，所以文章主旨是在表明幸福对成功的重要性。故选D。 10 40．C 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．A 【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲了叫Froggy的青蛙在妈妈的鼓励下勇敢尝试，学会游泳的寓言故事。 40．细节理解题。根据“No! No! I don’t want to jump in the water!”可知，Froggy一开始不想跳入小河里是因为不想在河里游泳。故选C。 41．细节理解题。根据“Froggy’s mother jumps into the river with a big sound!”，“But he is always in his mother’s arms.”，第九段“First, float (浮) on the water and put your face in the water.”和“Now move your arms and do the frog kick (踢腿).” 可知，事件发生的顺序为Froggy的妈妈跳进河里，Froggy总是在妈妈的怀抱里，后来Froggy学会了漂浮、移动和踢腿，开始享受游泳。故选C。 42．推理判断题。根据“Froggy is too excited! Froggy swims around happily.”和“No, no! I can’t get out! Even if I’m very tired.”并结合常识可知，Froggy想待在水中是因为太享受游泳了，正玩得开心。故选A。 43．推理判断题。阅读全文可知，结合“Try to swim, baby. Don’t you know frogs are great swimmers?”可知，Froggy在妈妈的鼓励下勇敢尝试并最终学会了游泳，因此本文想告诉我们“我们应该勇敢尝试新鲜事物”。故选D。 44．推理判断题。阅读全文可知，本文是一则寓言故事，告诉我们要勇敢尝试的道理。因此最可能在故事书上阅读到此文，故选A。 11 45．A 46．C 47．C 48．B 【解析】本文主要对比了中西方文化中龙的形象和意义。中国文化里，龙地位特殊，外形独特，象征力量、智慧和好运，农民会向龙献祭求风调雨顺。西方文化中，龙是喷火巨兽，常与邪恶相关。最后总结中西方龙的差异体现了两种文化的不同。 45．细节理解题。通读第二段可知，文中提到中国龙有鱼尾、长而灵活的脖子、能无翼飞行，而蜥蜴状鳞片是西方龙的特征，中国龙是鱼的鳞片。故选A。 46．细节理解题。根据“Chinese farmers…used to offer sacrifices…They hoped that the dragons would bring favorable weather, and thus good harvests.”可知，农民献祭是为了确保好天气和好收成。故选C。 47．细节理解题。根据“In Western culture…They are giant creatures that can breathe fire and destroy life…they were seen as symbols of the devil”可知，西方龙被描述为邪恶的喷火野兽。故选C。 48．篇章结构题。通读原文可知，文章第一段总述中西方龙有不同形象和意义，第二段介绍中国文化中龙的外观特点，如像大鱼和蛇结合、鱼尾、鱼鳞片、长而灵活的脖子等；第三段阐述中国文化中龙所代表的积极品质，如帝王象征、农民祈求风调雨顺等；第四段讲述西方文化中龙的形象，如会喷火、像恶魔等。最后一段总结中国和西方文化中龙的差异，再次强调龙在两种文化中的不同象征意义。整体是“总-分-总”结构。故选B。 12 49．B 50．D 51．D 52．B 【解析】本文以Summer的视角，主要讲述了她与面部有缺陷的August之间友谊的发展，以及August在学校的一些经历。 49．细节理解题。根据“I didn’t sit with August that first day because I felt sorry for him. I sat with him because he was laughing at Mr. Browne’s lesson.”可知，Summer最初和August坐在一起是因为注意到他对Mr. Browne课程的反应。故选B。 50．推理判断题。根据“What’s strange is how people treat me now that I’m friends with August. Some kids called me ‘Nice Summer’ quietly like it’s an insult (侮辱). Others suddenly want to be my friend, asking all these fake-nice questions about him. The worst are the teachers—they give me these cheering looks, like I’m some kind of hero for eating lunch with him.”可知，Summer觉得人们因为她和August成为朋友后的这些表现很奇怪，那些孩子叫她“Nice Summer”像是一种侮辱，所以她觉得这些评论既奇怪又令人讨厌。故选D。 51．推理判断题。根据“August got up and said, ‘Thanks for the floor examination. It looks clean.’”可知，August用幽默的方式化解了被绊倒的尴尬，展现了他的智慧。故选D。 52．主旨大意题。全文通过Summer的视角，描述了她与August的友谊发展，以及她如何看待August的真实性格而非外表，同时反思了周围人的偏见。故选B。 13 53．D 54．A 55．C 56．B 【解析】本文主要讨论了“美丽的混乱效应”，即我们对自己的弱点表现得更消极的现象。 53．细节理解题。根据“A research suggested that we saw our act of showing weakness more negatively than others did, and researchers called this the ‘beautiful mess effect (效应)’.”可知，“beautiful mess effect”我们比别人更消极地看待自己的弱点。故选D。 54．词句猜测题。根据“For example, studies show that sharing personal information about oneself may help build closeness and trust (信任), while saying sorry sincerely and admitting the mistakes you make could improve a fractured relationship.”可知，分享自己的个人信息可能有助于建立亲密和信任，而真诚地道歉和承认你所犯的错误可以改善破裂的关系，因此划线词关系上的裂痕或破碎。故选A。 55．主旨大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本段详细描述了研究人员是如何进行实验的，包括邀请340名大学生参与四个实验，其中一个实验是要求学生想象自己向老板承认在项目上犯了一个大错误，然后评价这一行为是表现出勇气还是弱点。因此，这段主要讲述了研究人员是如何进行这项研究的。故选C。 56．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要探讨如何通过自我同情来克服“beautiful mess effect”，因此作者的主要目的是鼓励人们自我同情。故选B。 14 57．B 58．B 59．C 60．D 61．B 【解析】本文以中国首只柯基警犬福崽的视角，讲述它成为警犬的经历，包括被发现有警犬天赋、开始训练，以及介绍狗狗成为警犬需经历的步骤，如进幼犬园学习、在犬基地训练、参加重要考试等。 57．细节理解题。根据“My short legs make me stand out! I can go under cars or get into and search small spaces easily. Bigger dogs can’t do this but I can!” 可知，福崽短腿的优势是能轻松进入并搜索狭小空间。故选B。 58．词句猜测题。根据后文“I can go under cars or get into and search small spaces easily. Bigger dogs can’t do this but I can!”可知，福崽的短腿能让它做到大狗做不到的事，这是一种优势，使它与众不同，stand out意思是“以好的方式与众不同”。故选B。 59．细节理解题。根据“My only problem is that I can’t run very fast. When we are outside doing our job, sometimes my trainer needs to give me a piggyback ride.”可知，因为福崽跑不快，所以需要训练员帮忙。故选C。 60．细节理解题。根据“Step 1: Go to a puppy kindergarten”对应的内容“Dogs there learn lots of simple skills, like listening to orders, fighting and getting over obstacles”可知，分别对应 听从指令、搏斗、跨越障碍选项，未提及被训练员背着跑相关技能。故选D。 61．细节理解题。通读原文可知，从福崽讲述自己的工作经历，并根据“It’s one of my favorite parts of the job.”可知，它为自己的工作感到骄傲。故选B。 15 62．A 63．D 64．D 65．B 【解析】本文介绍了联合国设立冰川保护年的背景，分析了冰川对生态的重要性及气候变化对其的威胁，并介绍了中国在减缓冰川消融方面的创新举措。 62．词句猜测题。根据第四段“...to protect the ice.”可知，其目的是用来保护冰，结合常识可知，通过阻挡阳光这一方式可以保护冰。故选A。 63．细节理解题。根据第二段“The water from glaciers is also good...”可知，冰川为人们和动物提供淡水，冰川对河流和海洋很重要，冰川储存了地球 70% 的清洁水；根据第三段“However, climate change is making problems for glaciers.”可知，气候变化给冰川带来问题。故选D。 64．细节理解题。根据第五段“Scientists use special devices (设备) to watch glaciers. This helps scientists know how glaciers are changing. By studying the numbers, scientists can find better ways to protect glaciers.”可知，用特殊设备研究冰川有助于找到更好的保护冰川的方法。故选D。 65．篇章结构题。第一段引出联合国将 2025 年定为冰川保护年这一事件；第二段讲述冰川的重要性；第三段介绍冰川面临的问题；第四段和第五段分别介绍了中国保护冰川的方法。故选B。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读策略复习 内容导航 题型聚焦：常见题型回顾，有的放矢 方法速记：关键知识梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：题型感知专练，全面突破 七年级下学期英语阅读理解题型应对策略 一、细节理解题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 细节理解题是英语阅读理解中的基础题型，主要考查学生对文章中具体信息的捕捉与分析能力，涉及内容广泛，如时间、地点、人物身份、事件经过、事物特征等。这类题目的答案通常能在原文中直接找到，部分题目需要通过简单的逻辑推理得出，要求学生仔细阅读文本，精准定位关键信息。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.关键词定位法：在阅读题干后，迅速圈出人名、地名、数字、年份、学科名称等具有显著特征的关键词，然后带着这些关键词回到原文，利用 “扫读” 技巧快速定位相关段落或句子，从而锁定答案范围。​ 2.同义替换识别：命题人常通过同义替换的方式设置题目，即用不同的词汇、短语或句式表达相同的含义。学生需要识别题干与原文之间的同义、近义表述，避免因表达方式差异而误判答案。​ 【策略分析】​ [阅读语篇1] Last summer vacation, Lucy went to Beijing with her family by train. They stayed in a nice hotel near Tiananmen Square. On the first day, they visited the Great Wall. It was amazing! The next day, they went to the Palace Museum and took many beautiful photos.​ [阅读试题]How did Lucy go to Beijing?​ A. By plane B. By bus C. By train​ [答题策略] 题干中的关键词为 “Lucy”“go to Beijing”，通过扫读原文，可快速定位到 “Last summer vacation, Lucy went to Beijing with her family by train.” 一句，明确答案为 C。此过程运用关键词定位法，精准找到关键信息。同时，题目中 “go to Beijing” 与原文 “went to Beijing” 为时态不同的同义表达，体现了同义替换在题目设置中的应用 。​ [阅读语篇2] The panda is a lovely animal. It mainly lives in the forests of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu in China. Pandas like to eat bamboo, and they spend most of their time eating and sleeping. An adult panda can weigh about 100 - 125 kilograms.​ [阅读试题]Where do pandas mainly live?​ A. In the deserts of Africa B. In the forests of China C. In the mountains of America​ [答题策略] 利用题干关键词 “pandas”“live”，在原文中找到 “The panda is a lovely animal. It mainly lives in the forests of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu in China.”，可知答案为 B。这里通过关键词定位迅速锁定信息，并且 “live” 与 “lives” 以及 “in the forests of China” 和原文表述一致，直接对应答案。同时，其他选项中 “deserts of Africa”“mountains of America” 与原文形成干扰，需要学生依靠准确的信息定位来排除。​ [阅读语篇3] In my opinion, reading books is very important. First, it can improve our knowledge. For example, by reading science books, we can learn about the universe and new technologies. Second, reading helps us relax. After a long day of study, reading a funny storybook can make us feel better.​ [阅读试题]How can reading science books help us?​ A. Learn about the universe B. Make more friends C. Keep healthy​ [答题策略] 根据题干关键词 “reading science books”，在文中找到 “For example, by reading science books, we can learn about the universe and new technologies.”，得出答案为 A。此过程依赖关键词快速定位到具体论据，而题目中的 “help us” 对应原文 “we can”，“learn about the universe” 直接取自原文，是典型的通过同义表述呈现答案的细节理解题 。 二、词义猜测题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 词义猜测题是英语阅读理解中的常见题型，旨在考查学生根据语境推断生词、短语或句子含义的能力。题目中的 “生词” 既可能是学生尚未接触过的全新词汇，也可能是学过词汇的特殊用法（如熟词生义）。解答此类题目不能依赖词典，需通过分析上下文逻辑关系或词汇构成来推测词义。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.上下文线索法：生词所在句子的前后文通常会提供解释、举例、对比、因果等线索。例如，通过同位语、定语从句、标点符号（如破折号、括号）等对生词进行解释；或利用转折词（but, however）、因果连词（because, so）等逻辑关系推导词义。​ 2.词根词缀法：英语中许多单词由词根、前缀和后缀构成。掌握常见词根（如 “bio-” 表示生命，“graph-” 表示写）、前缀（如 “un-” 表示否定，“re-” 表示重复）、后缀（如 “-tion” 构成名词，“-ful” 构成形容词）的含义，可辅助推测单词的核心意义。​ 【策略分析】​ [阅读语篇1] Tom felt extremely fatigued after running the marathon. He could barely stand up and needed to lie down immediately.​ [阅读试题]The underlined word “fatigued” probably means ______.​ A. energetic B. tired C. excited​ [答题策略] 通过上下文线索法，“after running the marathon”（跑完马拉松后）和 “could barely stand up”（几乎站不起来）构成因果关系，说明跑步导致身体出现疲惫反应，由此推测 “fatigued” 意为 “tired”（疲惫的），答案选 B。选项 A “energetic”（精力充沛的）和 C “excited”（兴奋的）与语境矛盾。​ [阅读语篇2] The phenomenon, that is, the unusual increase in sea levels, has become a global concern. Scientists are researching ways to solve this problem.​ [阅读试题]What does the underlined word “phenomenon” mean?​ A. 灾难 B. 现象 C. 政策​ [答题策略] 破折号后的 “the unusual increase in sea levels”（海平面异常上升）是对 “phenomenon” 的具体解释，通过上下文线索法可知，此处描述的是一种客观存在的情况，即 “现象”，答案选 B。利用同位语作为线索，能直接锁定生词含义，排除 A、C 选项的干扰。​ [阅读语篇3] The misunderstandings between the two groups could have been avoided if they had communicated more clearly. Miscommunication often leads to conflicts.​ [阅读试题]The word “miscommunication” probably refers to ______.​ A. effective communication B. lack of communication C. wrong communication​ [答题策略] 运用词根词缀法，“mis-” 作为前缀表示 “错误、否定”，“communication” 意为 “交流”，由此可推测 “miscommunication” 表示 “错误的交流”，答案选 C。选项 A “effective communication”（有效交流）和 B “lack of communication”（缺乏交流）与词根词缀推导的含义不符。​ [阅读语篇4] Unlike his talkative brother, Mark is rather reticent. He seldom speaks in public and prefers to listen.​ [阅读试题]The underlined word “reticent” means ______ in Chinese.​ A. 健谈的 B. 沉默寡言的 C. 外向的​ [答题策略] 通过上下文线索法，“Unlike his talkative brother”（与他健谈的哥哥不同）建立了对比关系，说明 Mark 的性格与 “talkative”（健谈的）相反，结合 “He seldom speaks in public”（他很少在公共场合说话），可推测 “reticent” 意为 “沉默寡言的”，答案选 B。利用对比词 “Unlike” 和后续行为描述，能快速推断生词含义。 三、主旨大意题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 主旨大意题是英语阅读理解中的核心题型，重点考查学生对文章整体内容的宏观把握与概括能力。此类题目不局限于某个细节，而是要求学生提炼文章的核心观点、主题或中心思想。常见提问方式除了 “What’s the main idea of the passage?”“The passage is mainly about...”，还有 “The passage mainly tells us...”“The best title for this passage could be...” 等。答案通常具有高度概括性，需涵盖文章主要内容，避免以偏概全。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.首尾段分析法：英语文章常遵循 “总 - 分” 或 “分 - 总” 结构，主旨句多位于首段或尾段。首段一般起到开篇点题、引出话题的作用；尾段则用于总结全文、升华主题。阅读时需重点关注首尾段的核心句、观点句或总结句。​ 2.高频词提炼法：文章中反复出现的关键词往往与主旨紧密相关。通过统计高频词，可快速锁定文章核心话题，帮助判断主旨。同时，注意一些同义词或近义词的替换使用，它们也可能围绕同一主题展开。​ 结构梳理法：对于结构复杂的文章，可通过梳理段落大意，分析各段落与文章整体的关系，从而归纳出主旨。例如，分析每个段落是如何支撑或论证核心观点的。​ 【策略分析】​​ [阅读语篇1] 首段：Last weekend, I had an unforgettable experience at the community volunteer activity. It not only taught me new skills but also made me realize the value of helping others.​ 中间段：I helped the elderly clean their houses, taught children how to draw, and organized a small donation drive. Seeing the smiles on their faces, I felt a strong sense of satisfaction. Everyone worked together, and the whole community seemed to come alive.​ 尾段：This volunteer activity was more than just a weekend task. It made me understand that even small acts of kindness can bring warmth and change to people’s lives. I’m looking forward to joining more such activities in the future.​ [阅读试题]What’s the main idea of the passage?​ A. The writer’s weekend plan B. How to organize a volunteer activity C. The writer’s meaningful volunteer experience​ [答题策略] 运用首尾段分析法，首段点明 “unforgettable experience at the community volunteer activity”（难忘的社区志愿活动经历），尾段总结活动的意义，即 “small acts of kindness can bring warmth and change”（小善举能带来温暖与改变）。同时，高频词提炼法也表明 “volunteer activity”“experience” 在文中反复出现。综合判断，答案选 C。选项 A 仅提及周末计划，过于宽泛；选项 B 侧重于活动组织方法，偏离文章重点。​ [阅读语篇2] The Internet has become an essential part of modern life. It connects people around the world, allowing us to communicate, study, and work more efficiently. Through social media platforms, we can share our lives with friends and family instantly. In education, online courses provide endless learning resources. For businesses, e-commerce has revolutionized the way of trading. However, the Internet also brings challenges, such as information security and addiction. We need to use it wisely to enjoy its benefits while avoiding potential risks.​ [阅读试题]The passage is mainly about ______.​ A. the history of the Internet B. the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet C. how to use the Internet safely​ [答题策略] 首段指出 “The Internet has become an essential part of modern life”（互联网已成为现代生活的重要部分），引出主题。随后分别阐述互联网在沟通、教育、商业等方面的优势，以及信息安全和成瘾等问题，体现了其利弊。高频词 “Internet” 贯穿全文，且 “advantages”“disadvantages” 相关表述多次出现。因此，答案选 B。选项 A 文章未涉及互联网历史；选项 C 仅强调安全使用，无法涵盖文章全貌。​ [阅读语篇3] Some people think that playing video games is a waste of time. They believe it can make students lose focus on their studies and harm their physical health. However, video games also have positive aspects. They can improve players’ reaction speed, problem-solving ability, and even teamwork skills in multiplayer games. Moreover, after a long day of study or work, games can serve as a great way to relax. In my opinion, the key is not to ban video games completely but to find a balance between playing and other activities. We should use games as a tool for entertainment and learning, rather than letting them control our lives.​ [阅读试题]The best title for this passage could be ______.​ A. The Bad Effects of Video Games B. The Good Sides of Video Games C. The Proper Attitude towards Video Games​ [答题策略] 文章先列举部分人对游戏的负面看法，再阐述游戏的积极作用，最后在尾段总结观点 “the key is not to ban video games completely but to find a balance”（关键是找到平衡，而非完全禁止），点明对待游戏应持有的正确态度。通过结构梳理法可知，前文正反论述均为尾段观点服务。高频词 “video games” 和 “balance”“proper attitude” 相关含义反复出现。所以，答案选 C。选项 A、B 分别只涉及文章部分内容，属于以偏概全。 四、推理判断题的应对策略​ 【题型特点】​ 推理判断题是英语阅读理解中较具挑战性的题型，其答案不会直接在文中呈现，需要学生基于文章提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系，进行合理的分析、归纳与推断，从而得出隐含的结论。这类题目常考查学生对作者意图、人物情感态度、事件发展趋势等深层信息的理解能力，常见提问方式有 “We can infer from the passage that...”“What can we learn from the story?”“The author implies that...” 等。​ 【解答策略】​ 1.依据原文推理：所有推理必须紧密围绕文章内容，以文中明确表述的事实、细节为依据，避免脱离文本进行过度推断或加入个人主观想法。​ 2.逻辑关系分析：仔细分析文章中的因果关系、对比关系、转折关系、递进关系等逻辑线索，通过这些关系推导隐含信息。例如，根据因果关系由 “因” 推 “果”，或通过对比关系判断事物的差异与特点。​ 3.情感态度判断：关注文中描述性词汇、人物对话和行为细节，以此推断作者或文中人物的情感态度。​ 4.整合信息：对于复杂的推理题，需整合多个段落或句子的信息，综合分析得出结论。 【策略分析】​ [阅读语篇1] Lily had always been afraid of public speaking. When her teacher announced a speech competition, her hands started to shake and her face turned pale. But Lily didn't want to miss this chance to overcome her fear. She spent hours every day practicing in front of the mirror, writing and rewriting her speech, and even asking her friends for feedback. On the day of the competition, although she was still nervous, she walked onto the stage with her head held high.​ [阅读试题]We can infer from the passage that ______.​ A. Lily gave up the speech competition​ B. Lily would perform well in the competition​ C. Lily was not prepared for the competition​ [答题策略] 依据原文推理，文中提到 Lily 虽害怕但 “didn't want to miss this chance to overcome her fear”，且 “spent hours every day practicing”“asking her friends for feedback”，通过这些行为细节可知她为比赛做了充分准备；再结合 “walked onto the stage with her head held high” 展现出的自信姿态，利用逻辑分析可推断出她在比赛中可能会有良好表现，答案选 B。选项 A 与原文中她积极准备的行为相悖；选项 C 与她大量练习的事实不符。​ [阅读语篇2] Solar energy is a clean and renewable resource. It doesn't produce any pollution and can be used continuously as long as there is sunlight. In contrast, coal and oil are non-renewable resources. Once they are used up, they cannot be replenished. Moreover, burning coal and oil releases a large amount of carbon dioxide, which causes serious environmental problems like global warming.​ [阅读试题]What can we infer from the passage?​ A. Solar energy will replace all other energy sources in the future​ B. Coal and oil are more expensive than solar energy​ C. Solar energy is more environmentally friendly than coal and oil​ [答题策略] 通过逻辑分析，文中将太阳能与煤炭、石油进行对比，指出太阳能 “clean and renewable”“doesn't produce any pollution”，而煤炭和石油 “non-renewable” 且燃烧会造成 “serious environmental problems” 。依据这些对比信息可合理推断出太阳能比煤炭、石油更环保，答案选 C。选项 A 中 “replace all other energy sources” 属于过度推断；选项 B 中关于价格的比较在文中未提及。​ [阅读语篇3] Many people think that students should only focus on their studies. However, I believe that extracurricular activities are equally important. Participating in sports can improve physical health and teamwork skills. Joining clubs like the art club or debate club helps students develop creativity and communication abilities. These skills are not only useful in school but also in future careers.​ [阅读试题]The author implies that ______.​ A. students should spend more time on extracurricular activities than on study​ B. extracurricular activities are beneficial for students' overall development​ C. schools should cancel all academic courses​ [答题策略] 依据原文推理，作者先提出他人观点，再通过 “However” 转折表明自己的看法 “extracurricular activities are equally important”，并列举了课外活动在提升健康、技能等方面的好处。通过逻辑分析可知，作者意图强调课外活动对学生全面发展有益，答案选 B。选项 A 中 “spend more time” 在文中未体现，属于过度推断；选项 C “cancel all academic courses” 与原文不符，且过于极端。​ [阅读语篇4] Tom looked at the broken vase on the floor with tears in his eyes. He remembered how carefully his mother had taken care of it for years. He hesitated for a moment, then picked up the pieces and started to clean up the mess. After that, he wrote a note to his mother, confessing what he had done and promising to be more careful in the future.​ [阅读试题]What can we learn from the story?​ A. Tom didn't care about the broken vase​ B. Tom was an honest and responsible boy​ C. Tom would buy a new vase for his mother​ [答题策略] 通过情感态度判断，“looked at the broken vase with tears in his eyes” 体现出 Tom 的难过与愧疚；“picked up the pieces and started to clean up”“confessing what he had done and promising to be more careful” 等行为表明他勇于承担责任、诚实面对错误。依据这些细节可推断出 Tom 是个诚实且有责任感的男孩，答案选 B。选项 A 与他的情感表现不符；选项 C 中 “buy a new vase” 在文中未提及，属于无中生有。 1 March 22 is World Water Day. People think water is the source of all life. Water has been part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. It affects not only the start of Chinese civilization but also many smart ideas in Chinese philosophy. Chinese civilization is one of the ancient river civilizations in the world. It started thousands of years ago along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. So, Chinese culture has been related to water from the very beginning.​ But the relationship between people and water has two sides. Water is very important for life and for growing things. But if we can’t manage it well, it can bring big problems. Knowing how powerful water is, Chinese people have always tried to use it in the best way. For example, Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty in stories, controlled floods. He changed and dug the waterways so that the water could flow into the sea easily. The Dujiangyan irrigation (灌溉) system in Sichuan was built cleverly. It made full use of the natural features of the place without hurting the environment.​ Water also has philosophical meanings in China. These meanings are used to teach people and help rule the country. According to Xunzi (《荀子》), Confucius often thought about water. He believed water had good qualities like fairness and courage. He once said, “Wise people like water; kind people like mountains (智者乐水，仁者乐山)..” So, Confucianism tells people to learn from water and develop their sense of right and wrong. Inspired by water, Laozi came up with the ideas of “using softness to beat hardness (以柔克刚)” and “doing nothing against nature”. These ideas later kept inspiring rulers to follow the laws of nature and respect what people want. Ancient Chinese philosopher Xunzi compared a ruler and his people to a boat and water. He said, “Water can carry a boat, but it can also turn the boat over.”​ Water is everywhere in our daily life. It is a very important part of Chinese culture. It helps build Chinese civilization. 1．What can we know from the idea of “using softness to beat hardness”? A．Water is weak and useless. B．Strength should be used against nature. C．Hardness is better than softness. D．Gentleness can be powerful in certain situations. 2．Why is water considered important in shaping Chinese civilization? A．It is vital for the agricultural sector. B．It served as inspiration for art and literature. C．It influenced both the origin of the civilization and wisdom in philosophy. D．It played a role in China’s technological advancements. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards ancient Chinese water management? A．Critical. B．Praising. C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested. 4．What is the main idea of the article? A．How to celebrate World Water Day in China. B．The history of the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. C．The role of water in Chinese civilization and philosophy. D．Water management in China has evolved significantly since ancient times. 2 A Meaningful School Trip Last autumn, our class took a memorable trip to the City History Museum. At first, I thought it would be terrible—who enjoys dusty exhibits? But what happened next changed my mind. We explored ancient tools in Hall A．Ms. Lane, our guide, taught us how people created pottery 3,000 years ago. My friend Jake recorded her explanations on his phone. Suddenly, we realized the microphone wasn’t working! Ms. Lane’s voice filled the silent room like a storyteller’s. The best part came in Hall B．We agreed to join a workshop. Using clay, we created mini artworks while rain filled the streets outside. I made a crooked vase but laughed harder than ever. At lunch, we shared stories under umbrellas. Jake played his recordings—Ms. Lane’s voice mixed with our giggles. “This is better than any history video!” he said. Finally, on the bus back, Ms. Lane smiled: “Today wasn’t about perfect art. You experienced how history lives.” Looking at my muddy vase, I realized messy moments sometimes teach the most. 5．Where did the class trip take place? A．A pottery studio. B．The City History Museum. C．An ancient tool factory. D．A rainy outdoor park. 6．What problem occurred during the tour? A．The bus broke down. B．The microphone failed. C．All artworks got damaged. D．The museum closed early. 7．What did the students create in the workshop? A．History videos. B．Mini clay artworks. C．Rainproof umbrellas. D．Storytelling recordings. 8．What did the students realize at the end? A．Museums are always boring. B．Imperfect experiences can teach lessons. C．Recording devices are useless. D．Clay vases are easy to make. 3 Going green seems to be a fashion for a lot of people these days, but for the two of us, going green is not a fashion but a lifestyle. On April 22, 2019, we started our plan to go green every day for a year. This meant doing 365 different green things. For example, we reused water and cut down the use of our energy. Also, we had to think of something different to do and this was not easy. With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I taught people how they could go green in their lives. We hoped we could show people all the green things that we could do to make the environment better. We wanted to push the idea that every little bit helps it a lot. During Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic (有机的) stores. We eat less meat, choosing green food. We greatly cut down our buying. We give away half of what we have on the Internet. We clean our home with vinegar (醋) and lemon juice instead of chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of home-made bread. In our home office, anyone doing something ungreen may be punished (惩罚). We changed a lot during Our Green Year. We are thankful for the chance to be able to go green and teach others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet. 9．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The lifestyle. B．The fashion. C．The environment. D．Our Green Year. 10．It was hard for the writer and his wife to live a green life for the whole year because ________. A．they needed to do something green and unusual B．they didn’t know how to teach other people C．they would not like to cut down their use of energy D．they wanted to follow the green fashion 11．What did the writer and his wife do during the Green Year? A．They stopped others’ green behavior (行为). B．They tried to stop their ungreen habits. C．They used better chemical cleaners. D．They sold their home-made food. 12．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The government will give support to the green project. B．Some people disagree with the writer’s green ideas. C．Our Green Year is becoming a national fashion. D．The writer may continue his lifestyle in the future. 4 ① Talking to yourself might seem strange if someone notices. But don’t feel bad about it. It’s actually very helpful to you. ② Talking out loud helps your brain work better. It can improve your performance in studying, doing sports, and solving problems. Researchers (研究者) studied 72 tennis players. They divided them into two groups. One group stayed silent (沉默) while playing, and the other talked to themselves. The group who talked to themselves felt more confident and performed better. ③ If you’re feeling sad or angry, talking to yourself can help. Using your name, like saying, “Tom, you can deal with this,” allows you to think calmly (冷静地) and see things in a different way. For example, before an exam, you can say, “I’m ready for this!” This kind of self-talk makes you feel stronger. It’s like giving yourself a pep talk to face challenges. ④ Self-talk also helps improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else reading, and listening to a recording of oneself reading. They found that reading out loud helps you remember things best. Speaking the words makes the information (信息) stay in your brain longer. ⑤ So, don’t feel shy. Talking to yourself is a great way to improve your mood, memory, and confidence. It’s like having a conversation with your best friend—yourself! Next time you need to study, play a sport, or solve a problem, try talking to yourself. You might be surprised by how much it helps. It’s not strange—it’s a smart way to make your brain more active! 13．What did researchers find about tennis players who talked to themselves? A．They played worse than silent players. B．They felt more confident and performed better. C．They became tired more quickly. D．They forgot their game strategies. 14．How can talking to yourself help when you’re unhappy? A．It helps you think calmly and see things differently. B．It makes you forget your problems quickly. C．It makes other people give you more care and support. D．It makes you speak in a louder and calmer voice. 15．What does the underlined phrase “a pep talk” in paragraph 3 mean? A．A friendly greeting. B．An encouraging speech. C．A funny joke. D．A long lesson. 16．What is the best way to remember information according to the passage? A．Reading silently. B．Listening to someone else read. C．Reading out loud. D．Listening to a recording of yourself. 17．What is the structure of the passage? A．①②→③④→⑤ B．①→②③④→⑤ C．①②③④→⑤ D．①→②③④⑤ 5 China has a long history. So, there are a lot of cool places with amazing historical stories. On this page, you will read some amazing sites in China. The Grand Canal The Grand Canal (大运河) is a man-made waterway with a history of more than 2,500 years. It is as long as 3,200 kilometers! It’s the longest man-made canal in the world. It has three parts and the longest part is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which is about 1,794 kilometers long. The Longmen Grottoes The Longmen Grottoes (龙门石窟) are in Luoyang, Henan province. One of the biggest groups of status (雕像) is in the Fengxian Temple. They show us what art was like during the Tang Dynasty. In 2000, UNESCO listed the Longmen Grottoes as a UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) site. The Erlitou Site The Erlitou site (二里头遗址), in Henan province, was the capital city for the middle and late periods of the Xia Dynasty. Also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it is important for finding out how Chinese civilization (文明) began and how people build ancient capitals. 18．How long is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal? A．About 1,794 kilometers. B．About 3,200 kilometers. C．About 2,500 kilometers. D．About 2,000 kilometers. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The Grand Canal has four parts in total. B．The Grand Canal is the second longest man - made canal in the world. C．We can find out how people build ancient capitals in The Erlitou Site. D．The statues in Fengxian Temple show us the art during the Xia Dynasty. 20．In which part of a magazine can we see this passage? A．Science. B．Culture C．Health D．Fashion. 6 West Town Bike is a group that organizes local bike clubs for teenagers. It is based in Chicago. Teens at West Town Bike say that they enjoy biking, but biking in this city sometimes seems dangerous. Recently, these students have suggested a lot of solutions in order to make roads safer for bikers. David Harb, a senior at Lane Tech High School, has learned hand signals from his father since he was 6. These simple movements tell drivers if a biker plans to turn or stop. “They’re like a secret language between riders and drivers.” David explained. Now riding to school daily, he strongly believes this skill should be taught in classrooms. “Why not start bike safety clubs?” he suggested. “Schools could have weekly classes showing students proper hand signals. No need for building new roads-just use your arms to stay safe.” Christopher Garcia, a student from Lake View High School, has another idea. He thinks that the government should set up bike safety zones near busy crossroads. These zones could include clear markings and signs to guide bikers and warn drivers. “Drivers know they should slow down or stop when they see these signs.” Christopher explained. He even presented his design as an example. “If we add flashing lights and clear ‘Bike Zone’ signs at this busy crossroads near the school, students will pass through this area more safely.” Jane Perez, a night rider from Lincoln High School, agrees it’s important for bikers to be noticed by drivers. Though her bike has three bright LED lights, many streets are still too dark and unsafe, “Many roads don’t have proper lighting.” she said. “We should add more bike-friendly streetlights, which can help drivers notice us from far away. This would be an efficient way to prevent accidents.” 21．According to David, who should teach hand signals to teenagers? A．Family members. B．Police officers. C．Local bike clubs. D．Schools and teachers. 22．What does Christopher suggest to make biking safer? A．Improving lighting in dark areas. B．Building more new roads for students. C．Creating a safe area to protect the bikers. D．Helping drivers know if bikers want to turn. 23．What do all the students’ suggestions have in common? A．They mainly focus on biking at night. B．They need support from the government. C．They think schools should take action immediately. D．They include ways to help drivers notice the bikers. 24．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To encourage students to bike to school. B．To attract teenagers to join West Town Bike. C．To explain why biking in Chicago is dangerous. D．To introduce students’ ideas on improving bike safety. 25．Where can we probably find this article? A．Modern Art. B．Local News Daily. C．Business Weekly. D．Global Travel Guide. 7 Why do the leaves on trees have different colors? What makes them change their colors? Leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis (光合作用). Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in autumn with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical (化学物质). The orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves are icy while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again , the leaves use sunlight, water and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 26．What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A．It is a way of growing leaves. B．It is a way of changing colors. C．It is a way to make food for plants. D．It is a way for animals to eat plants. 27．What stops leaves from making the green chemical in autumn? A．Less air in autumn. B．Less sunlight in autumn. C．Less water in autumn. D．Less time in autumn. 28．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．The trees. B．The leaves. C．The colors. D．The animals. 29．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．①②③④⑤\\⑥ B．①\\②③④⑤⑥ C．①\\②③④⑤\\⑥ D．①\\②③\\④\\⑤⑥ 30．What is the best title of the passage? A．The importance of the sunlight B．The trees in different seasons C．The colors of the tree leaves D．The changes of the four seasons 8 In 2004, 20-year-old Wu Xiong became the headteacher of Tangfang Primary School in Bailing Town, Xingren City, Guizhou. At that time, the school had only an old house, 3 teachers and 75 students. Even worse, many children there showed little interest in going to school. To solve this problem, Wu turned to sports. In 2006, the school organized its first sports meeting. “We made a simple ping-pong table for a competition,” Wu said. Over time, badminton, long-distance running and other events appeared in the sports meeting, making it more popular with the students. As the situation slowly improved, Tangfang Primary School got better and better. In 2009, the school became a boarding school 寄宿学校 with hundreds of students. School life was even more necessary to make the students’ after - school life more colorful. Now, with an area more than 10 times the size of that in 2004, the school has 42 teachers and about 500 students. The number of PE teachers has also increased 增加 from zero to four. With the great help of the school, the students have at least 2.5 hours of physical activities every day. Also, by joining in all kinds of competitions, the students have learned how to work out all kinds of problems in life and study. “Letting the students play sports they enjoy is not a bad thing for their studies,” Wu said. Sports give the students another great way to get out of the mountains. 31．Why did Wu Xiong bring sports into the school at first? A．To improve the students’ health. B．To turn it into a boarding school. C．To get the students coming to school. D．To make the students join in competitions. 32．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Badminton. B．The sports meeting. C．Tangfang Primary School. D．The ping-pong competition. 33．How does the writer show his idea in Paragraph 4? A．By telling stories. B．By showing reasons. C．By asking questions. D．By giving numbers. 34．Which of the following may Wu Xiong agree with? A．PE is the most important subject at school. B．Sports can help some students get a better future. C．Students who love sports study better than others. D．Having more after-school activities is a waste of time. 35．What can be the best title for the text? A．The role of PE in education. B．A primary school’s great changes. C．A headmaster’s hard work at school. D．How to turn a small school into a big one. 9 Does happiness matter? People have different opinions. Some think there are more important things to worry about, while others believe happiness is what everyone wants in life. To understand this, we first need to understand what happiness really means. Happiness is about our feelings, but it’s more than just a short moment of smiles or laughter. Instead, happiness is how we feel about our lives overall. Every day, we feel many different emotions. For example, feelings like fear and anger help protect us from danger, while happy feelings like joy and hope help us make friends and solve problems. Being happy doesn’t mean we should never feel sad or angry. Everyone has difficult times, and it’s normal (正常的) to have these feelings. True happiness means enjoying good times while also learning to deal with hard times. Research shows happiness plays an important role in success. Some might think happy people are less hardworking, but research shows the opposite is true. They actually perform (表现) better in their jobs, maintain better health, and build stronger relationships. In one study at Warwick University, scientists put participants (参与者) into two groups. The first group watched a happy, funny video while the second group watched a normal video. After watching, both groups did the same office task. The results showed that the first group did their tasks 11% better than the second one. Other researchers have found similar results. For example, business researchers studied companies for many years and found that companies with happier workers always did better in the market. Also, when scientists followed young people for many years, they saw that those who were happier in childhood usually were more successful when they grew up than those who were less happy. One of the reasons is that happiness can wake up the control center in children’s brains, to help weigh options more clearly, like choosing “study first, play later” instead of wasting time. In other words, happiness may lead to success, not just come from it. Of course, happiness doesn’t solve all problems. Happy people still have difficulties, and not all happy people are successful. But happiness does make life better in many ways. In the end, happiness is more than just a feeling. It helps us succeed, makes society stronger, and gives life its real meaning. 36．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Happiness is not only a moment of joy. B．What the true meaning of happiness is. C．It is natural to have different feelings. D．Happiness is about people’s feelings. 37．What does the expression “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happiness is good for relationships. B．Hard work makes people successful. C．Happy people could do better work. D．Success leads to better health. 38．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Happy workers did 11% more work than less happy ones. B．A happy childhood can ensure a happier life in adulthood. C．Happiness makes people overcome the bad feelings. D．Happiness can help people make better decisions. 39．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss different people’s ideas about happiness. B．To compare happy people with others in research. C．To tell us that success is the key to happiness. D．To show that happiness is important for success. 10 In a beautiful forest, there lives a little frog named Froggy. One sunny and hot day, Froggy’s mother says to him. “It’s a great day for a swim in the river!” So, Froggy and his mother happily jump outside. Froggy’s mother jumps into the river with a big sound! But Froggy doesn’t follow. Where is Froggy? “FRROGGYY! Come on in!” calls his mother. “No! No! I don’t want to jump in the water!” Froggy cries. “Wow! It’s really great to be in the water on such a hot day! Come on in! …” Froggy’s mother goes on encouraging Froggy. At last, Froggy jumps into the river. But he is always in his mother’s arms. “Try to swim, baby. Don’t you know frogs are great swimmers?” Froggy’s mother asks. “Not me! I can’t swim!” Froggy still stays in his mother’s arms without moving at all. “You can swim, baby! I’ll show you how.” Froggy’s mother keeps encouraging Froggy. “First, float (浮) on the water and put your face in the water.” “I don’t want to,” Froggy says. “Oh, come on!” Froggy’s mother says. “Just try it!” Froggy does as its mother says. “Great! Now move your arms and do the frog kick (踢腿).” Froggy’s mother adds. “I don’t want to.” Froggy says. “Come on, baby, one more time.” encourages Froggy’s mother. Froggy starts to float, move and kick slowly. And then it happens. Froggy can swim. Froggy can swim by being brave (勇敢的)! Froggy is too excited! Froggy swims around happily. Froggy’s mother is happy for her son, too. Froggy swims for a really, really long time. “Well, it’s getting cold, Froggy. It’s time to get out.” “No, no! I can’t get out! Even if I’m very tired.” “Why not?” “Um...well...because I can’t find my swimming pants (泳裤) ...” 40．Why doesn’t Froggy want to jump into the river at first? A．He is too hot. B．He wants to play on the sports field. C．He thinks he is not good at swimming. D．He doesn’t want to swim with his mother. 41．Which of the following is the correct order of the text? a. Froggy floats, moves and kicks.        b. Froggy starts to enjoy swimming. c. Froggy’s mother jumps into the river.    d. Froggy is always in his mother’s arms. A．a-b-d-c B．b-a-c-d C．c-d-a-b D．d-c-a-b 42．Why does Froggy want to stay in the water at the end of the text? A．He is having fun swimming. B．He loses his swimming pants. C．He wants to play with his friends. D．He doesn’t want to listen to his mother. 43．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Mothers always know best. B．Rivers are dangerous places. C．Some frogs are poor at swimming. D．We should be brave to try new things. 44．Where can we probably find this text? A．A storybook. B．A news letter. C．A message board. D．An online forum. 11 Dragons have long held the imagination of both Chinese and Western cultures, but they have very different looks and meanings that set them apart. In Chinese culture, the dragon, named “Long”, holds a special place. It has a special appearance, looking like a huge, long snake combined with various animal parts. For example, it has the tail of a fish, which helps it swim gracefully in water. The scales (鳞) of a fish cover its body, giving it a shiny and protective surface. Its long neck is similar to that of a snake, allowing for flexible movement. Chinese dragons are often wingless, but they have the magical ability to rocket up and fly through the sky. They stand for many positive qualities. In the past, they are the symbols (象征) of power. Emperors and kings were considered as sons of dragons, showing their noble (尊贵的) position. Also, Chinese farmers, who depended on good weather for their crops, used to offer sacrifices (祭祀品) like sheep to dragon gods. They hoped that the dragons would bring favorable weather, and thus good harvests. Moreover, dragons are believed to bring good fortune. You can often see dragon pictures on New Year decorations or at other traditional festivals like the Dragon Boat Festival. In Western culture. dragons are very different. They are giant creatures that can breathe fire and destroy life. Their large bat-like wings carry them to the sky. Their bodies are covered in lizard-like scales, and their tails often have a sharp tip. Western dragons are usually related to evil. In medieval times (中世纪), they were seen as symbols of the devil, and the devil was even called “the great dragon”. Knights (骑士) would be celebrated as the bravest heroes when they killed dragons. In a word, the dragons of Chinese and Western cultures reveal the large differences between these two worlds. While Chinese dragons are seen as symbols of strength, wisdom, and good fortune, the Western dragons are often described as wicked, fire-breathing beasts. Whether as a protector of the world or a fearsome enemy, the dragon remains a timeless and fascinating fictional creature, inviting us to explore the depths of our own culture and imagination. 45．Which of the following is NOT a feature of Chinese dragons described in the passage? A．They have lizard-like scales. B．They have a long, flexible neck. C．They can fly without wings. D．They have the tail of a fish. 46．Why did Chinese farmers offer sacrifices to dragon gods? A．To get protection from wild animals. B．To show respect to the emperor. C．To ensure good weather and harvests. D．To celebrate Chinese New Year. 47．How are dragons described in Western culture? A．As magical and protective beings. B．As wingless and gentle creatures. C．As evil and fire-breathing beasts. D．As common signs of good fortune. 48．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 12 The first time I saw August Pullman, he was sitting alone at the back of Mr. Browne’s classroom, his face half-hidden behind a tower of textbooks. Most new kids would’ve been scanning the room for friends, but he was too busy taking notes. When Mr. Browne wrote “CHOOSE KIND” on the board, he circled the words twice like they were the answer to some secret question only he knew. I didn’t sit with August that first day because I felt sorry for him. I sat with him because he was laughing at Mr. Browne’s lesson. Most kids were rolling their eyes, but August was actually writing things down—like he truly cared about “When given the choice between being right or being kind, choose kind.” Later in the cafeteria, Julian kept asking those questions: “What happened to your face? Were you in a fire?” August handled it like an expert. He just said, “No, I was born this way. It’s called mandibulofacial dysostosis, if you really want to know.” Julian looked stupid then, because August knew more big words than he did. What’s strange is how people treat me now that I’m friends with August. Some kids called me “Nice Summer” quietly like it’s an insult (侮辱). Others suddenly want to be my friend, asking all these fake-nice questions about him. The worst are the teachers—they give me these cheering looks, like I’m some kind of hero for eating lunch with him. August doesn’t need my protection. Yesterday, some seventh-grader tripped him in the hallway. Before I could react, August got up and said, “Thanks for the floor examination. It looks clean.” The kid just walked away confused. Sometimes I wonder why more people don’t see what I see: a funny kid who chews his pencils to death, who can name every planet’s moons, who remembers that I hate cream. Not “the kid with the face”. Just August. But then I hear the whispers in the locker room, see the way kids suddenly change seats when he sits down…and I remember why this is so hard. Walking home that afternoon, I remembered that Mom always says middle school is just practice for real life, but what’s the lesson here? That most people are too scared to sit next to someone different? 49．Why did Summer firstly sit with August? A．She pitied his unusual appearance. B．She noticed his reaction to Mr. Browne’s lesson. C．The teachers asked her to help him. D．She wanted to impress other students. 50．Summer finds others’ “Nice Summer” comments ________. A．wise and encouraging B．hurtful but understandable C．funny but insulting D．strange and annoying 51．August’s reaction to being tripped shows that he ________. A．was afraid of a fight B．wanted to report bullies to teachers C．relied on Summer for protection D．used humor wisely to solve problems 52．This passage mainly explores________. A．the challenges August faces with his school work B．Summer’s development of true friendship C．teachers’ unfair treatment of special needs students D．Julian’s bullying behavior and its results 13 We all have trouble, and often make mistakes. However, many of us find it hard to admit (承认) them to others. We believe that our trouble and mistakes show our weakness, and we are afraid to let others see us as not good enough. The good news is that our worries about the negative evaluations (负面评价) from others may not be as serious as we imagine. A research suggested that we saw our act of showing weakness more negatively than others did, and researchers called this the “beautiful mess effect (效应)”. In other words, we may not be such a mess as we think. This effect can stop us from sharing our true feelings and needs, which can be good for us. For example, studies show that sharing personal information about oneself may help build closeness and trust (信任), while saying sorry sincerely and admitting the mistakes you make could improve a fractured relationship. So researchers wanted to know how we could get over the “beautiful mess effect”. Their new experiments suggest that being self-compassionate (自我同情) can be very helpful when we want to find beauty in our own weakness. In the study, researchers invited 340 university students to take part in four experiments. In one of them, they asked students to imagine themselves admitting to their boss that they’d made a big mistake on a project. Then, students needed to evaluate this act: Did they see it as an act of showing one’s courage or weakness? Finally, researchers evaluated how self-compassionate the students were. The study showed that lowly self-compassionate students evaluated their own act more negatively. However, highly self-compassionate students were not much influenced by the “beautiful mess effect”. In other words, self-compassion helps us evaluate our act of showing weakness more fairly (客观地). Luckily, our level of self-compassion is not fixed and can be raised if we want to. If we are kind and caring towards ourselves, we can become more comfortable with showing our weakness. This practice, in turn, can improve our relationships. 53．What did the research find about the “beautiful mess effect”? A．Our mistakes are as serious as we imagine. B．The effect helps us share our true feelings. C．Most people enjoy showing their weakness to others. D．We see our own weakness more negatively than others do. 54．The underlined word “fractured” in paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．broken B．close C．strong D．hidden 55．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Why they did the study. B．Who were in the study. C．How the researchers did the study. D．What findings the study found. 56．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call on people to share their mistakes. B．To encourage people to be self-compassionate. C．To praise people who are brave to admit mistakes. D．To discuss the disadvantage of “beautiful mess effect”. 14 Hi, I’m Fu Zai, a 6-month-old corgi (柯基). I’m China’s first corgi police dog! Some people think I can’t be a great police dog because of my short legs. But I’m here to tell you that they are wrong! One day, when I was 2 months old, I was playing with my owner in the park. A policeman saw me and thought I had the talent to be a police dog. Then, I started my training. My short legs make me stand out! I can go under cars or get into and search small spaces easily. Bigger dogs can’t do this but I can! My only problem is that I can’t run very fast. When we are outside doing our job, sometimes my trainer needs to give me a piggyback (背上的) ride. It’s one of my favorite parts of the job. Becoming a police dog is not easy. Dogs need to take lots of classes and exams. Step 1: Go to a puppy kindergarten ·Puppies in the. kindergarten should be younger than 6 months old. ·Dogs there learn lots of simple skills, like listening to orders, fighting and getting over obstacles (障碍). Step 2: Get trained at a dog base ·Each dog will find a trainer at the base. They will work in pairs. ·The dogs need to choose a “job” and learn different skills, like finding missing people, smelling for dangerous things and so on. Step 3: Take a big exam ·After three to six months of training, dogs will take an important exam. ·To pass it, they need to be strong and follow orders. Those who pass it can become police dogs. 57．What is the advantage of Fu Zai’s short legs? A．He can run faster than other dogs. B．He can search small spaces easily. C．He can jump higher than bigger dogs. D．He doesn’t need any training. 58．What does the underlined word “stand out” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．To be taller than others. B．To be special in a good way. C．To have difficulty walking. D．To stand up on two legs.. 59．Why does Fu Zai need to get piggyback rides from his trainer? A．Because he is so tired that he can’t walk. B．Because he likes to be close to his trainer. C．Because he cannot run fast and needs help. D．Because he enjoys the feeling of being carried. 60．Which simple skill isn’t learned in the puppy kindergarten? A． B． C． D． 61．What can we learn about Fu Zai from the passage? A．He isn’t confident in his short legs. B．He is proud of his own job. C．He is afraid of taking exams. D．He likes being a pet dog more than a police dog. 15 ①The United Nations (UN) has decided that 2025 is the year of glacier (冰川) protection. It has also set March 21, 2025, as the first yearly World Day for Glaciers to ask everyone to help save glaciers. You can think of glaciers as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped mountains and valleys (山谷) over Earth’s history. They are still moving and hanging land in many places today. ②Glaciers are not just important for the land. The water from glaciers is also good for rivers and seas. In some places, glaciers give water to people and animals. They help keep Earth’s temperature constant (恒温). They also hold 70% of Earth’s clean water. In areas like the Himalayas, many people need glacier water to live. ③However, climate change is making problems for glaciers. Many glaciers are disappearing (消失). There will be less water for people to drink and farm. It is also bad for animals and plants. To deal with the problem, China is using smart ideas to slow down glacier melting (融化), UNESCO said. ④One idea is to use special glacier blankets (毯子) to slow melting. At Dagu Glacier, these blankets covered 500 m2 and slowed melting by 34% (2020-2021). In Xinjiang’s Glacier No.1, thinner blankets worked even better, cutting summer melting by up to 70%. The blankets block sunlight to protect the ice. ⑤Scientists also create artificial snow (人造雪) to help glaciers stay cooler and melt more slowly. In April and May 2023, scientists did this in the Bailanghe Glacier. The glacier grew 5.9 percent bigger. It is also important to watch glaciers carefully. Scientists use special devices (设备) to watch glaciers. This helps scientists know how glaciers are changing. By studying the numbers, scientists can find better ways to protect glaciers. 62．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4? A．stop B．choose C．mix D．change 63．In this passage, the UN wants to protect glaciers because ______. ①they offer fresh water to people and animals ②they cover 70% of the Earth’s surface (表面) ③climate change makes problems for them ④they are important to rivers and seas A．①② B．③④ C．①②③ D．①③④ 64．What can we learn from the passage? A．Glacier blankets at Dagu Glacier stopped melting in 2020-2021. B．Glaciers move quickly across the land and make fast changes on land. C．Artificial snow projects are more helpful than glacier blankets for all glaciers. D．Studying glaciers with special devices helps find out how to protect glacier better. 65．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$