08.短文填空（专项训练）-2025年小升初复习讲练测（广州教科版）

2025年小升初复习讲练测（广州教科版） 08.短文填空 （一）题型及解题技巧 （二）示例讲解 （三）基础训练 （四）强化提升 （一）题型及解题技巧 · 首字母提示型 首字母提示型填空属于能力测试的范畴，它能全面考查学生的英语水平。这类测试要求学生不仅要具备一定的词汇量、句型和语法等方面的知识，还要求学生有一定的阅读能力，能灵活运用所掌握的语言知识去分析语篇。 1.通读全文，掌握大意 每篇短文必然是有逻辑性的，短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文是必要的，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。通读全文只要做到了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过，切忌逐字逐句的反复细读。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。 2.认真分析，巧填单词 我们在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。要想填出每个空的单词，要注意以下方面。 （1）依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词 如：W______ his help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much. 从句意我们就知道是 “在他的帮助下”，with his help. （2）依据语法知识进行填词 如：It was a l______ earlier. 从句中的 earlier 可以看出它是比较级，我们应该会想到修饰形容词比较级的有哪些词，前面有 a，那肯定就是 little. （3）依据常识的积累进行填词 如：But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. White said nothing but only one word “S______.” Mr. White 迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字 “______”。我们根据常识推断他肯定是向他的朋友道歉，故答案为 sorry。 （4）依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词 如：One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He wanted to p______ his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie. 根据句意，Mr. White 高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影。我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，故答案为 pick。 上面所说的四个方面，我们在填词时一定要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。 · 单词提示型 此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，二是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。 1.名词形式变化 名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。 如：There are many students living at school, the ______(child) houses are all far from school. 由 students 一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为 houses 的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为 children’s。 2.动词形式变化 动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化（时态、语态、语气），有非谓语的变化（不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词）。 如：A talk ______(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang. 句中的 is written 是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从 tomorrow 可以看出，报告是 “将来” 作的，故用不定式；且报告是 give 动作的承受者，因此可以判断出横线所在处用 give 的不定式被动式 to be given。 3.代词形式变化 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词（主格和宾格）、物主代词（形容词性和名词性）、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如 no one/none、other/another 等。 如：The king decided to see the painter by ______(he). 由介词 by 可以看出，横线处应填反身代词 himself。 4.形容词、副词比较级变化 英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。 构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀 -er 和 -est， 或通过在词前加 more/less 和 most/least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以 the。 如：I am ______(tall) than Liu Wen. He is the tallest students in my class. 此题后句交代了 Liu Wen 是班上最高的学生，那么 “我” 肯定比他矮，所以不能用 taller，只能用表示程度不如的 “less tall”。 5.数词形式变化 数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀 -teen、-ty 的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及 one/two 的特殊变化形式 once/twice。 如：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses. My eldest son shall take a half, my second son shall take a ______(three). 上、下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得 a half 也就是 “一半” 或 “二分之一”，那么二儿子应该分得 “三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词 “third”。 6.词的派生 词的派现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。 如：Lious lost his wallet yesterday. So he was very ______(happiness). 很容易判断出该用形容词。钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀 un，就成了 unhappy。 · 自由填空型 1.固定短语结构 根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词 “视而不见” 才能命中答案。 如：The children were playing on the ground, enjoying ______, dirty but happy. 从句中的 happy 可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用 enjoy oneself 短语，故答案为 themselves。 2.动词短语结构 动词短语是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。 如：Mrs. Baker was ill, so her daughter had to ask for leave to take ______ of her. 生病需要人照顾，故答案为 care，与前后词构成 take care of。 3.介词短语结构 短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如 except for, due to 等。 如：Mr. Smith took a plane to London ______ of taking a train. 此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有 “…… 而不是……” 的意思，故答案为 instead，与前后词构成 instead of。 4.连词、关联短语结构 常用的连词有 and, or, but, so, for, while 等，常用的关联短语有 both...an..., either...or..., neither..nor..., not only...but also... 等。 如：Little Wang Jun could not go to school, ______ his family was too poor. 此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填 for。 5.冠词、介词和常用的副词 冠词只能在 a, an, the 之间判断；常用的介词有 in, at, on, before, during 等，通常考查固定搭配；副词比较多，如 however, never, yet, much 等。 如：It was only one day left, ______, his father had no idea to answer him. 观察上下句，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除 but，故答案为 however。 6.上、下文中出现的相关词 这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上、下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方 —— 上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果该横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。 如：Tony ______ travelling abroad, but dislikes staying home watching TV. 由第二句话中的 dislikes 可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词 likes。 （二）示例讲解 · 首字母提示型 读短文，写出单词所缺的字母，使短文意思完整。 Now many Chinese people travel abroad. Some people want to see the beautiful lakes and waterfalls, so they go to C 1 . Some people go to Japan. They think Tokyo is m 2 and it’s a great place to go shopping, too. Some people go to F 3 . They say Paris is the food c 4 of the world. England is another beautiful country you can go to. You can see the Big Ben and the Tower Bridge in L 5 . 1．Canada/anada 2．modern/odern 3．France/rance 4．capital/apital 5．London/ondon 【导语】本文讲述了现在很多中国人出国旅行的情况。 1．句意：一些人想要看漂亮的湖和瀑布，所以他们去______。根据句意及首字母提示可知该空填Canada加拿大。故答案为Canada。 2．句意：他们认为东京很____并且它是一个购物的好地方。根据句意及首字母提示可知该空填modern现代的，故答案为modern。 3．句意：一些人去______。根据句意及首字母提示可知该空填France法国，故答案为France。 4．句意：他们说巴黎是世界美食_______。根据句意及首字母提示可知该空填capital首都，故答案为capital。 5．句意：你能在____看到大本钟和塔桥。根据句意及首字母提示可知该空填London伦敦，故答案为London。 · 单词提示型 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Once there lived a wise man who was respected by everyone. His son, however, was very lazy and did nothing all day-and all 1 ! The wise man was worried about his son’s future. One day, he said to his son, “There was some treasure in a far away place. I want you to find 2 alone. I have 3 drawn a map to guide you.” Then he handed his son a bag. Inside the bag were clothes, some food, a little money and the map. His son set out on his long journey the next day. He had to travel across forests, rivers and mountains. Along the way, he 4 (help) by some with food and by some with shelter(住所). He came across robbers(强盗) who tried to rob him. He also saw changing scenery(风景) and seasons. Finally, after a long year, he reached the place his father said. He spent two days 5 (dig) for the treasure, but found nothing. Feeling 6 (disappoint), he headed back to his home. On his way back, he sometimes would stop to enjoy the beauty of nature. He also learned to hunt and make meals. He had to fix his own shelter by himself. He was able 7 (tell) time by the position of the sun and protect himself from wild animals. He met the same people who had helped him 8 (early). This time, he helped them in return. After he reached home, he apologized to his father 9 he didn’t find the treasure. “There wasn’t any treasure in the very first place, my son,” the father answered 10 a smile. “But I think you have found your life’s true treasure.” 1．day 2．treasure 3．already 4．helped 5．digging 6．disappointed 7．to tell 8．earlier 9．why 10．with 【导语】本文主要介绍了一名智者的儿子非常懒，他想出一个好方法，骗他有个宝藏，并给他藏宝图。于是他儿子依图去寻宝，宝藏肯定是没有寻到，但他儿子从中找到了生活的真正目的。 1．句意：然而，他的儿子却非常懒惰，整天无所事事。整天是固定短语all day，故答案为day。 2．句意：在一个遥远的地方有一些财宝。我要你单独去找________。根据句意可知这里指财宝，英文是treasure，是不可数名词，故答案为treasure。 3．句意：我________画了一张地图来指引你。句子是现在完成时，一般用already，意思是已经，故答案为already 4．句意：一路上，他帮助一些人提供食物，一些人提供住处。根据前后文可知句子用一般过去时，该空填help的过去式helped，故答案为helped。 5．句意：他花了两天时间挖掘宝藏，但一无所获。根据spend sometime doing sth.花时间做某事，可知该空填动名词，故答案为digging。 6．句意：感到失望后，他回家了。该空填形容词，主语是人，所以用disappointed，意思是失望的，故答案为disappointed。 7．句意：他能够根据太阳的位置来判断时间，并保护自己免受野兽的伤害。be able to do sth.有能力做某事，所以该空填动词不定式，故答案为to tell。 8．句意：他遇到了以前帮助过他的那些人。这一次，作为回报，他帮助了他们。根据句意可知该空填比较级，early的比较级是earlier，意思是更早的，故答案为earlier。 9．句意：到家后，他向父亲道歉________没有找到宝藏。根据句意可知该句是解释没有找到宝藏的原因，用从属连词why，故答案为why。 10．句意：“根本就没有什么宝藏，我的儿子，”父亲笑着回答。根据句意可知该空填介词with，表伴随，故答案为with。 · 自由填空型 阅读下面这张机票，根据机票信息完成填空。 Li Hua will visit his friend John this summer holiday. He will go to 1 from Guangzhou. This country is famous for its natural beauty, like beautiful lakes and waterfalls. There is a 2 leaf in the middle of the flag. He will get on the plane on 3 23rd. His flight number is 4 . And he needs to get on the plane before 5 p.m.. 1．Toronto 2．maple 3．July 4．AC740 5．3:05 【导语】本文是关于李华的机票信息。 1．句意：他打算从广州去_____。根据机票信息“Destination Toronto”可知李华的目的地是多伦多，故答案为Toronto。 2．句意：国旗中间有一片____。根据常识可知，加拿大国旗的中间是一片枫叶，枫叶maple leaf，故答案为maple。 3．句意：他将要在____23日登机。根据机票信息“Date 23JUL”可知飞机起飞日是7月23日，故答案为July。 4．句意：他的航班号是_____。根据机票信息“Flight AC740”可知李华的航班号是AC740，故答案为AC740。 5．句意：并且他需要在下午_____之前登机。根据机票信息“Boarding time 3:05”可知他需要在下午3:05之前登机，故答案为3:05。 （三）基础训练 1、 读邀请信，选择适当的单词或词组把邀请信补充完整。 Dear David, I’d like to invite you to my birthday party 1 (in / on) July 9th. I hope you will come on this special day. The party will be at my house. It will begin 2 (at / in) 4:00 p. m. In the party, we 3 (sing, are going to sing), dance, play games and watch cartoons. We 4 (will eat / are eating) birthday cake too. My mother is good at 5 (cook / cooking). She 6 (makes / will make) a chocolate cake for us. In the evening, we will have a BBQ in the garden. It’s 7 (a / an) exciting party. I am sure we will have fun together. If you are coming, please call me 8 (on / at) 8429-5816. See you at the party. Yours, Li Hua 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 2、 读短文，选择适当的单词填空。 Sandy is my good friend. Her hobby is keeping pets and 9 (read / reading) books. She 10 (has / have) a cute cat and a lovely dog. Her cat and dog are good 11 (friend / friends). 12 (They / Them) play, eat and sleep together. Sandy likes to stay with her pets. She often talks 13 (for / about) her pets with her friends. Sandy often 14 (do / does) some reading when she has free time. She enjoys animal stories and science books very much. Sometimes she 15 (write / writes) stories about her cat and dog. Her stories are short and interesting. She likes to share her stories in her class. She is good at 16 (tell / telling) stories. All her classmates love her stories very much. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 3、 选择适当的单词补全短文，把单词抄写在横线上。 Ben is 15 years old. He is tall and strong now, but he 17 (is / was / were) short and heavy two years ago. When Ben was 13 years old, he 18 (go / goes / went) to bed late at night and he often slept in class, so his teachers 19 (are / was / were）angry with him. He loved 20 (to eat / ate / eats) hamburgers for lunch. After lunch, he ate lots of sweets. He seldom took exercise. Later, he was sick and stayed in the hospital 21 (for / in / on) a month. The doctor asked him to 22 (kept / keep / keeping) a good diet and take more exercise. Ben has changed a lot. Now he keeps a good diet. He 23 (eat / eats / ate) plenty of vegetables every day. He gets up early on 24 (weekdays / week / weekend). Before going to school in the morning, he usually runs for 30 25 (minute / minutes / a minute). 26 (For / At / To) the weekend, he often plays basketball with his friends. He wants to be a basketball player when he grows up. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 4、 根据上下文意思，选择适当的单词填空。 The City Mouse and the Country Mouse Once there were two 27 (mouse / mice). One mouse lived in the country, the other mouse lived in the city. One day, the Country mouse saw the City mouse. He said, “Do come and see me at my house in the country.” So the City mouse 28 (went / go). The City mouse said, “This food is not good, and your house is not good. You must come and see me at my nice house in the city.” The Country mouse went to the house of the City mouse. It was a very 29 (old / good) house. Nice food was ready for them to eat. 30 (And / But) just as they began to eat, they heard a great noise. The City mouse cried, “Run! Run! The cat is coming.” They ran 31 (away / for) quickly. When they came out, the Country mouse said, “I don’t like living in the 32 (city / country). I like living in my hole in the field. For it is nicer to be poor and happy than to be rich and afraid.” 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 5、 用所给词的适当形式填空，补全短文。 I 33 （have）a good time last Christmas. Before Christmas, my father 34 （put）up a Christmas tree. It was so 35 （excite）.On Christmas morning, I hurried to 36 （open）the boxes. I got many 37 （gift）.We had a big dinner with our relatives and friends. We 38 （eat）a turkey, potatoes and ham.We sang many Christmas 39 （song）together. It 40 （is）really a happy time. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. （四）强化提升 1、 选择适当的单词填空，补全短文。 Jiamin, Sally and Ken often 1 (take / taking) exercise after school from Monday to Friday. It’s five o’clock now. It’s time 2 (to / for) do sports. Look, the 3 (child / children) are in the playground. The boy with black hair is Jiamin. He is 4 (run / running). The boy 5 (in / with) white shorts is Ken. He is good at playing football. He 6 (play / is playing) football with Sally now. They are having fun. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 2、 短文填空。  Yingying is a student from No. 5 Middle School in Shanghai. She doesn't like to wear her o 7 school uniforms on weekdays. She wants new and colourful o 8 . This term, her school uniforms will be different. Yingying is h 9 about the good news. Many students in Shanghai are beginning to wear new uniforms. They will not be very expensive for students, even for the p 10 students. This Saturday there will be a school uniform show in Shanghai. There will be many different styles (~) at the show. They look much b 11 than before and the colours are much brighter. Lots of new clothes are m 12 of cotton, so they are comfortable. Most of the boys' uniforms at the show are suits. The uniforms for g 13 are mainly skirts. Lots of students say they like new uniforms. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 3、 读短文，选择适当的单词或词组填空。 Dear cousin, My birthday is 14 (in / on) June 15th. I’d like 15 (invite / to invite) you to my house and celebrate the special day. In the morning, we will 16 (have / having) a fruit party. The party will begin at 9 o’ clock. First, we are going to make 17 (an / some) orange juice. Then we will bake(烘培) a fruit 18 (cake / cakes) and make some fruit salad(沙拉). And we will have the cake, salad and juice for lunch. In the afternoon, we will play games in the garden. Then we 19 (have / are going to have) a picnic in the evening. And we will camp under the stars at night. I’m sure it will be an 20 (exciting / excited) day. I hope we will have fun together. If you are coming, please call me 21 (on / at) 68716928. Yours, David 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 4、 根据首字母拼写单词，完成短文。 Mr Smith has two sons and one d 22 . The children all l 23 with him in the Moon T 24 . It is not so big, but it is quite beautiful. There are many interesting places in it. You can visit them here and there. There is a big s 25 pool in Moon Town. The children like to swim there. They can have a g 26 time in the swimming pool. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 5、 根据提示完成句子，每格限写一个单词。 I am Amy. I like travelling. Summer holiday is coming. Some of my friends plan to go travelling. Let’s have a look! Mike will go to Canada. He will enjoy the natural b 27 , like the beautiful mountains and w 28 . Tom wants to go to South Africa, the home to many of wild animals. He can see the lions. And he can see the g 29 . They have long n 30 . They are lovely. Kate loves animals, too. She will go to Sichuan. Her favourite animal is the P 31 . So she will go to visit Chengdu Zoo. Sichuan is also f 32 for its hot food. Kate will try the hot pot. Beijing is a great place to visit. So I will c 33 Beijing. It is the capital of China. I will arrive at the a 34 the day after tomorrow. I can’t wait! 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 参考答案： 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 基础训练 1．on 2．at 3．are going to sing 4．will eat 5．cooking 6．will make 7．an 8．at 9．reading 10．has 11．friends 12．They 13．about 14．does 15．writes 16．telling 17．was 18．went 19．were 20．to eat 21．for 22．keep 23．eats 24．weekdays 25．minutes 26．At 27．mice 28．went 29．good 30．But 31．away 32．city 33．had 34．put 35．excited 36．open 37．gifts 38．ate 39．songs 40．was 强化提升 1．take 2．to 3．children 4．running 5．in 6．is playing 7．old 8．ones 9．happy 10．poor 11．better 12．made 13．girls 14．on 15．to invite 16．have 17．some 18．cake 19．are going to have 20．exciting 21．at 22．daughter 23．live 24．Town 25．swimming 26．good 27．beauty/eauty 28．waterfalls/aterfalls 29．giraffes/iraffes 30．necks/ecks 31．panda/anda 32．famous/amous 33．choose/hoose 34．airport/irport $$