暑假作业第03练 必修一Unit 4&Unit 5重点词性转换、短语、句型和写作练习 - 【暑假分层作业】2025年高一年级英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业第03练 必修一Unit 4&Unit 5重点词性转换、短语、句型和写作练习 Unit 4 revision单元重点回顾默写版 重点单词 1．flood n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没→ _________ adj.洪水泛滥的 2．death n．死；死亡→ _____vi.死；消失→ ______ adj.死的；失去生命的；枯萎的 3．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中→ ____________ n．百分率；百分比 4．metal n．金属→ _______ n．模特；模范；榜样→ _______ n．奖章；勋章；纪念章→ _______ n．新闻媒体；传媒  5．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→ _________ adj.感到震惊的→ __________ adj.令人震惊的 6．electricity n．电；电能→ __________ adj.电动的，用电的→ ____________ adj.与(用)电有关的；电气科学的→ ____________ adj.电子的 7．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→ ________ n．呼吸；气息→ ____________adj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的 8．wisdom n．智慧；才智→ ______ adj.有智慧的；明智的→ ________ adv.明智地；精明地 9．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ ___________ n．疼痛；痛苦；苦难 10．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ __________ n．爆发；喷出  11．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→ __________ n．幸存；继续生存；残存物→ __________ n．残存者；生还者；获救者 12．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ __________ adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 13．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静→ ________ adv.镇静地；沉着地 14．strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击→ _________ n．罢工者；前锋；射手  15．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→ __________ n．发表；递送 16．effect n．影响；结果；效果→ ___________ adj.有效的；实际的 17．length n．长；长度→ ______ adj.长的  重点单词 1. 自然灾害 2. 防灾安全措施 3. 救灾工作 4. 在洪水灾区 5. 火山喷发 6. 提及，涉及 7. 把某物交给某人 . 8. 至少 至多，不超过 9. 从…跑出来;用光 10. 像往常一样;照例 比往常 11. 看起来好像 12. 结束 13. 造成损失/损害 对…造成损失/损害 14. 横穿:抄近路穿过 15. 多于;不仅仅是 16. 三分之二的幸存者 17. 呈一片废墟 18. 受重伤 19. 成千上万的 20. …的数量 21. 只有,只不过,仅仅 22. 吹走，刮走 23. 成千上万;千千万万; 24. 成千上万的...；无数的 25. 震惊;吃惊 26. 跌倒;失败;倒塌 27. 挖出 28. 重新站起来 29. 在…的时候 30. 查字典 31. (使)离开;(把…)开走 32. 忍/遭受;患…病;受…之苦 33. 把…用作 34. 经历;通过 35. 建造 36. 露天;在户外 37. 呆在家里,不外出 38. 急救 39. 急救箱 40. 安全须知 41. 应急包 42. 应急物资 43. 在场,现有 44. 处于危险中 45. 建议做某事 46. 撞倒;冲入 47. 消灭;彻底消除 48. 某人正在做某事, 这时… 49. 受…的影响 50. 有望做某事 51. 执行,实行;完成 52. 过新生活 53. 出于感激 54. 成为…的象征 55. 向四面八方 Part 2课文原句挖空练习 1. What are the workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 2. Which buildings were in Seoul? 3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in . 4. About 75 of the city’s factories and buildings, 90% of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. 5. covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. 6. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of . 7. People were in --- and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. 8. Water, food and were hard to get. 9. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were _________ and to the dead. 10. Slowly, the city began to again. 11. With strong support from the government and the tireless of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 12. Tangshan City has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 13. The which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 14. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano . 15. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that _________ into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. 16. Fisherman, tourists, hotels, homes and cars were away by huge __________ caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 17. The undersea quake around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. 18. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to _________ food and supplies. 19. A summary should be around one third the of the original text. Part 3 15选10模拟练习 第一组： calm damaged pipe shock ruins percent aid Bricks electricity crash emergency rescue metal trapped bury breathe 1. What are the workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 2. Which buildings were in Seoul? 3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in . 4. About 75 of the city’s factories and buildings, 90% of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. 5. covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. 6. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of . 7. People were in --- and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. 8. Water, food and were hard to get. 9. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were __________ and to the dead. 10. Slowly, the city began to again. 第二组： trap unify electricity efforts wisdom deliver in shock supplies erupted crashed length shelter swept waves struck 1. With strong support from the government and the tireless of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 2. Tangshan City has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 3. The which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 4. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano . 5. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that _________ into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. 6. Fisherman, tourists, hotels, homes and cars were away by huge ________ caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 7. The undersea quake around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. 8. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to _________ food and supplies. 9. A summary should be around one third the of the original text. Ⅲ．句式结构 1．who引导的定语从句 Two thirds of the people _________________________________________. 住在那里的三分之二的居民(在地震中)死亡或受伤。 2．whose引导的定语从句 Workers built shelters for ___________________________________________________. 工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 3．过去分词作定语 Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves _____________________________ that reached a magnitude of 9.0． 渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。 4．be doing. . . when. . . 正在做某事这时…… I _______________________ with my three children _____________ water started filling my home. 当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。 5．it作形式宾语 However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will _____________________ food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。 Writing 满分模板 ________(时间或地点) saw/witnessed ________(活动). Aimed at ________(活动目的), this activity was well received in the whole school. ________(参与者) took an active part in the acti­vity. The ________(活动) provided a platform for all the students to ________(活动内容一). Most impressively, ________ (活动内容二). With the students' active participation and teachers'enthusiastic support, the ________(活动) turned out to be a success. This activity was highly spoken of by students, for it motivated them to ________(影响). 背满分词汇 短语 1. 担心 2. 享受丰富多彩的生活 2. 创造一个和谐的氛围 4. 依靠，依赖 5. 努力做某事 6. 对······做贡献 7. spare no effort to do sth. 8. without delay 9. without doubt 10. 高度评价 11. 来自四面八方的 12. 结果是 高分句式：活动经过 1. Last Sunday______________________, which nearly ____________every student and teacher of our school. 上周天举行了一场非凡的越野赛跑比赛，这场比赛吸引了学校每一位学生老师的关注。 1.On Global Youth Service Day, my classmates and I went to __________________________________________在国际青年服务日，我和同学们去了附近的养老院，那是一次有意义的经历。 2.我们学校的学生在“五一”去阳光敬老院开展志愿者活动。 3. ______________, the activity started at 8 o’clock on Saturday morning and it lasted for three hours. 按计划，活动周日上午八点开始，并持续三个小时 4. _______________ half past six in the evening ___________the activity came to an end. 直到6:30活动才结束 5. Representatives of each class _______________________________. 每个班的代表积极参与比赛 6._____________________, all the students were divided into two groups. 一到达花园，所有学生就被分成两组。 7.______________________, the elderly expressed their thanks for our volunteer work and company. 当我们离开时，老人们感谢我们的志愿者工作和陪伴。 8. Our teachers encourage us to take part in some volunteer activities in our summer holidays, ____________________________. 我们的老师们鼓励我们暑假期间参加一些志愿者活动，他们认为这能帮助我们得到全面发展。 9.Upon/On arrival, ________________________________________________. 一到达，我们尊敬地送给老人们鲜花和水果。 10.学生们和托儿所的孩子们依依不舍。 11.由于关心那件事情，我们开始考虑做些什么来帮助他们。 12.我们致力于社区活动，受到周围人的高度评价。 社会服务的意义 1.我们有责任使我们的世界成为一个更和谐的居住地。 2.我们所做的事情不仅给他人带去了欢乐也丰富了我们的生活。 3.尽管学生很累，他们玩得很开开心且很有成就感。 4. 很多学生高度评价这个志愿者活动，他们从中受益匪浅。 5.随着越来越多的人参加志愿者工作，这个社区将变得更加和谐。 6. 他们所做的给他们带来快乐，而且丰富了他们自己的生活。 7. 除了知识，我们也学会了和他人合作，也逐渐意识到合作的重要性。 8. 活动对我们很有好处。 精彩句式 1 一到那儿，我们看到来自名家的琳琅满目的作品，有水墨画，山水画等。 2 正是这样一次如此精彩和成功的活动鼓励我们规律运动 3 尽管学生很累，他们玩得很开心并且很有成就感。（让步状语变倒装） 高分范文背诵 假定你是校英语报记者李华, 上周你校开展了“读一本英语原著”活动，请你写一篇报道，内容如下： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动成效。 范文默写 Unit 5 revision单元重点回顾 重点单词 1．refer vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于→ _________ n．言及；提及；参考；查阅 2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→_________ vt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据→ ___________ adj.基本的；基础的 3．________ n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→ ____________ adj.不同的；各种各样的→ ______________ vt.& vi.使不同；变化 4．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→ _____________ n．大多数；大半→ _____________ n．少数 5．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→ ____________ n．特征；特性 6．global adj.全球的；全世界的→ ____________ n．球体；地球仪；地球 7．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值→ _____________ n．欣赏；感激；感谢 8．equal n．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→ ___________ adv.相等地→ ___________ n．同等；平等 9．demand n．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问→ _____________ adj.(工作)苛求的；费力的 10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→ ______________ vt.描述 11．relate v．联系；讲述→ __________ adj.有关的；有联系的→ ___________ n．关系；亲戚→ __________ n．亲戚adj.相对的→ ___________ n．相对性 重点短语 1. 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 2．因……而闻名 3．浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 4．起初 5．追溯到 6．导致 7．重要的 8．不论在哪里/谁/什么……；不管…… 9．与……有联系/关联 10．把……看作…… 11．在……中扮演角色；在……中起作用 12．许多；大量 13．观点；看法 14．为争取……而斗争 15．放弃 16．过去常常做某事 17．在某方面有困难 18．依靠；依赖 19．与……相关；涉及；谈到 20．把某人介绍给某人 21. 全球事物 22. 文明社会 23. 把...与...比较 24. 缩小...的差距 25. 被改编为... 26. 起源于... 27. 建立一座连接现在和过去的坚固桥梁 Part II 原句挖空练习 1. How many billion people speak the UN’s _______________ language as their _______________ or second language? 有几十亿的人把联合国的官方语言当做母语或者第二外语？ 2. What’s the _______________ of the speaker towards foreign language learning? 作者对外语学习的态度是什么？ 3. What do the italicized words_______________ in the sentence? 句中斜体的单词指的是什么？ 4. Pronouns(it, they, she, etc.) _______________something or somebody mentioned earlier. 代词(it, they, she)指代前文提到的某事或某人。 5. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times,_______________ the many _______________ in its history. 中国以其古老的文明而闻名，尽管历史上有许多起起伏伏，但它一直延续到现代。 6. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main_______________ has been the Chinese writing system. 造成这种情况的原因有很多，但其中一个主要因素是汉语书写系统。 7. At the beginning, written Chinese was a _______________ language. 起初，书面汉语是一种基于图片的语言。 8. It _______________ several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal _______________ and _______________ on which symbols were_______________ by ancient Chinese people. 它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——动物的骨头和贝壳，古代中国人在它们上面雕刻着符号。 9. Some of the ancient _______________ can still be seen in today’s hanzi. 在今天的汉字中仍然可以看到一些古老的符号。 10. By the Shang _______________ (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing _______________. 到了商朝（公元前1600~公元前1046年左右），这些符号已经成为一个完善的书写系统。 11. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically leading to many_______________ dialects and characters. 这些年来，这个系统发展成了不同的形式，因为在这个时代，人们在地理上被分割，从而产生了许多不同的方言和文字。 12. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven _______________ states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 秦始皇将七大国统一为一个统一的国家，中国的书写系统开始朝着一个方向发展。 13. Even today, _______________ Chinese people live or what _______________ they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天，不管住在哪里，也不管说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 14. Written Chinese has also become an important_______________ by which China’s present is connected with its past. 书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系起来的一个重要手段。 15. People in modem times can read the _______________works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. 现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。 16. The high _______________ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of _______________ as an art form, known as _______________, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. 对汉字书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字的发展中看出来，汉字作为一种被称为中国书法的艺术形式，它已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。 17. As China plays a greater role in _______________, an increasing number of international students are beginning to _______________ China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉字这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 18. Scanning is looking at the text quickly to find _______________information, such as dates or numbers. 扫读是快速阅读文章，以期找到特定的信息，如日期或数字。 19. When I started studying German, it was a s_______________. The words felt strange on my_______________. 当我开始学习德语，真是一个痛苦的事情啊！因为我感觉这些单词用我的舌头读出来很奇怪。 20. I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different_______________. 我终于到达了一个可以用这种外国语言思考的地步了，而且我还能从一个不同的角度看待这个世界。 21. In British English, the word “_______________” means underwear. 在英式英语中，“pants”这个单词意思是内裤。 22. I _______________ your pardon. 请你再说一遍。 23. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re _______________, so I only need a few words to _______________ between us. 如果我和一位好朋友谈话，我可以用简短的请求，比如“打开窗户” ——我们的关系很亲密，而且我们是平等的，所以我只需要几句话就能弥合我们之间的差距。 24. But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a _______________, e.g., “Could you open the window, please?” 但是，如果我和一个与我不太亲近的人说话，我必须提出更长的请求—— 我必须把它看作是一个问题，而不是一个要求，例如，“请问你能打开窗户吗？” 25. For me, _______________ is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words! 对我而言，词汇是我最大的问题——生词实在太多了！ 26. I can’t keep all the new _______________straight in my head, and I certainly can’t remember how to use them all properly. HELP! 我不能把所有的新词汇直接放进我的脑子里，我当然也不记得如何正确使用它们。求助！ 27. Does the writer give a clear _______________ of the problem? 作者有没有针对这个问题给出清晰的描述？ 28. Does each sentence_______________ the main idea? 每一句话都和主旨大意相关吗？ Part III 15选10模拟练习 relate to official regard classic affairs struggle refer to bridge the gap equals dates back to varieties of specific carved appreciate despite 1. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to_______________ China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 2. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, _______________ the many ups and downs in its history. 3. Does each sentence_______________the main idea? 4. How many billion people speak the UN’s_______________ language as their native or second language? 5. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re _______________, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. 6. It _______________ several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 7. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically leading to many_______________ dialects and characters. 8. Scanning is looking at the text quickly to find ______________ information, such as dates or numbers. 9. The high _______________ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. 10. When I started studying German, it was a_______________. The words felt strange on my tongue. Ⅲ．句式结构 1．It was a time when. . . 这/那是一个……的时期 Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as_________________________(这/那是一个……的时期) people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 2．no matter where. . . 无论在哪里，引导让步状语从句 Even today，_____________________(无论中国人在哪里生活) or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing. 3．as引导状语从句，意为“随着” ____________________________(随着中国在国际事务中起更大的作用)，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language. 4．the＋比较级，the＋比较级“越……，就越……” ______________(越多) I learnt of a language，_____________________________(我的大脑就越发达). 5．疑问词＋to do结构 My biggest headache is __how to be polite in English__ (如何用英语得体地表达). 6．have trouble with sth. /in doing sth. 在某方面/做某事方面有困难 I used to get high marks in English，but now __________________________________________(我的听力有很多问题). Writing 邀请信 1 .活动名称organized by+活动的组织者+is to be held in+地点+时间+with the theme of +主题…. Therefore, I ________________________to take part in the activity. ……组织了……活动,这次活动将于……在……举行,主题为……。因此,我写信邀请你参加活动。 2.There is going to be+活动名称+in+地点，which will be held by+组织者。Hoping that you would come, I'm writing to invite you to join us. ……活动由……组织,将在……举行。我写信邀请你加入,希望你能来。 3．Knowing that you show great interest in.…I’m writing to invite you to participate in... 得知你对…感兴趣，我写信时为了邀请你参加…。 4._______________________________________________________________________________ 我知道你的母语是英语，还是一个英语老师。我，代表我们学校，真诚的邀请你来比赛现场。 5.I am very pleased to invite you to participate in...to be held in... 我很高兴邀请你参加在……举行的…… 主体部分 1._________________________________________________________________________________ 它将于下午两点钟开始，四点钟结束，在此期间将会有十二位准备充分的参赛者发表演讲。 2._______________, we will…After…,there will be many activities, such as. which will be not only meaningful but also interesting. 按计划,我们将会……。在……之后,将会有许多活动,例如……,这些活动不仅有意义而且很有趣。 3. Here is a brief schedule(about this activity).First and foremost .What's more. In addition,…这是(关于这次活动的)简要日程安排。首先，…其次,……此外… 4.The following are some details about.../Some details about...are as follows. Some details about this activity are as follows. Here are some details about this activity. The following are some…… ……细节如下。 结尾 1. ________________________________________________1234567 at your earliest convenience. 那期间你有空吗？请方便时尽快给我打电话1234567。 2. ____________________________________________________________________________ 请尽快告诉我你能否接受我的邀请好吗？ 3. ___________________________________________________________________________ 如果你能来，我们会非常荣幸。 4.____________________________________________________________________________ 今每个人都期待你的到来，如果你能来，场面会更加欢快。 5.Sincerely hope that you can accept our invitation and I have the confidence that you'll have a joyful and meaningful day. -. 我真心希望你能接受我们的邀请，而且我相信你会度过既快乐又有意义的一天。 6.Please inform us of whether you are able to come or not at your early convenience. 请在你方便时尽早告知我们你是否能来。 7.I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in. 我想你要是能来参加……那就太好了。 8. Would you please drop me a line to let me know whether you can come to..? 请写信告诉我是否你能来……好吗? Li Hua 实战演练 假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节，写封信邀请你的英国朋友Mallen参加。 内容包括; 1.时间; 2.活动安排; 3.欢迎他表演节目。注意: 1词数80~100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 UNIT 4 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．With more forests _________ (破坏), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 2．An investigation is underway to find out how the _________(灾难) happened. 3．The room was filled with smoke, and it was becoming difficult to _________ (呼吸)． 4．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a _________ (营救) team to look for them. 5．It's kind of you to provide the poor boy with food and _________ (避难处)． 6．We shouldn't waste _________ (电) in our daily life. 7．His son finally succeeded after ten years' continuous _________ (努力)． 8．He gave an example of bravery and _________ (智慧)． 9．He has_________ (提供) me with the necessary information. 10．Many companies are _________ (遭受) from a shortage of skilled workers. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．He trapped me _________ admitting I had done it. 2．The building _________wall is white is our library. 3．This coat is _________(dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's. 4．Each time he delivered a letter _________Mrs Brown, he had to finish his work quite late, because she lived far away. 5．She described in her composition the people and places _________ impressed her most. 6．They were _________at the _________ eruption of the volcano. (shock) 7．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _________ (rise) steadily since 1990. 8．This machine is very easy _________(operate)．Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. UNIT 5 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The twins differ from each other in _________ (性格)． 2．What subject did you _________(主修) in when you were in university? 3．By no _________(方式) am I satisfied with what you have done. 4．It is a _________(斗争) for me to rid myself of my fears. 5．She is now crazy about _________(古典的) music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert. 6．This is an animal that is _________ (特有的) to this part of Africa. 7．I'd _________ (感激) your writing me back as soon as possible. 8．There are certain _________ (因素) I must consider on my new invention. 9．How do you view the role of women in_________ (全球的) development? 10．Despite (尽管) his terrible injuries, he wouldn't give up the struggle for life. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．This proverb is based on an old English law _________ (date)back to the 17th century. 2．Here I sincerely express my _________(appreciate) if you could help me find the lost suitcase. 3．Death rates are down for many cancers in the US. But _________ (global) the disease is rising. 4．Scientists have a fairly negative attitude _________ the theory. 5．He struggled_________ cancer for two years. 6．You should keep the book well for future _________ (refer)． 7．Police have issued a _________ (describe) of the man who was aged between fifty and sixty. 8．By the time we arrived, he _________ (work) for eight hours. 9．I like the film _________(base) on historical facts. 10．The city has a _________(vary) of good stores and supermarkets. 一．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A new study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research reveals a surprising finding. The common practice of building seaside dams to prevent flooding may actually lead to more intense seaside flood events. Those massive projects are becoming increasingly popular globally. This is in part to prevent the effects of intensifying storms, seawater attack, and sea level rise due to climate change. However, the study challenges the assumption that all of the seaside dams are effective flood prevention measures. By analyzing the data from Charleston Harbor in South Carolina, researchers found that seaside dams don’t necessarily reduce flooding. Dams can either increase or decrease flood risks, depending on factors like the length of time of a surge event and the shape of the basin. Lead author Steven Dykstra noted that the shape of the basin can cause storm surges to grow rather than decrease as one might expect when moving inland. After using Charleston Harbor as a case study, researchers employed computer modeling to assess the flood response at 23 other sites, both dammed and natural. The models confirmed that the basin shape and its shortening by a dam are crucial in determining how storm surges move inland. In dammed environments, waves can accumulate and grow under the right length of time. Steven Dykstra emphasized the concern that people might not realize they were in a seaside influenced zone. Sea level rise is making those far inland aware of their weakness to seaside effects, often through massive floods. Other contributors to the study included Enrica Viparelli, Alexander Yankovsky, Raymond Torres from the University of South Carolina, and Stefan Talke from California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. 1．How did people use to view the seaside dam? A．It decreased the frequency of storms. B．It protected seaside areas from threats. C．It slowed down the rise in sea level. D．It prevented the river-ocean interaction. 2．Why do waves increase where there are seaside dams? A．Seaside dams extend the lasting time of waves. B．Seaside dams stop rivers from reaching the sea. C．Seaside dams change the directions of waves. D．Seaside dams decrease the length of a basin. 3．What was Steven Dykstra worried about? A．Seaside floods weren’t taken seriously by people. B．The impact of floods was widespread. C．Dams contributed to the occurrence of flooding. D．Floods by the sea were difficult to prevent. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Seaside Dams Are Less Useful at Seaside Areas B．Seaside Surges Impact More than Seaside C．Seaside Dams Can Worsen Flood D．The Latest Model Arises New Concerns B It was supposed to be an exciting adventure with my best friend Josh. We were hiking when the disaster struck. A boulder (巨石) suddenly shifted and crushed my leg beneath it. Extreme pain shot through my body. “Josh! Help!” I screamed, my voice trembling with panic. Josh reacted instantly. But no matter what he tried, the boulder didn’t show the slightest movement. “Hold on! We’ll get help!” He said, grabbing his phone. He called emergency services and told the operator where we were. But we were kilometers from the nearest road, too far for rescue team to reach soon. The hours passed slowly. The boulder hadn’t just crushed me, but it had knocked over almost all the water we carried. As the sun went down, the temperature dropped to near freezing. I trembled uncontrollably and sank into despair, but Josh kept encouraging me firmly. “Don’t lose hope!” He said, “We’ll get through this!” He gathered all the clothing he’d brought and piled them onto me. Then he collected wood and built a small fire, keeping it burning while we waited under the black, starless sky. Just when I thought we might not survive the night, the glow of rescuers’ headlamps appeared on the distant hillside. The rescuers came on foot, driving to the closest spot they could find and then hiking in. Burdened by enormous packs and heavy tools, they moved through the darkness — every step a risk. Seeing the rescuers face to face allowed me to relax. After I’d been trapped for about five hours, they managed to pull my leg out from under the boulder. But they delivered discouraging news: it was too dangerous to take me off the mountain in the dark. We must wait for the helicopter. Soon, I heard the distant sound of a helicopter. But despair returned when it flew away without stopping. Watching it disappear behind the hills, I feared my last hope was gone. However, the rescue team never gave up, working tirelessly. They kept trying until finding a Navy helicopter crew brave enough to attempt our dangerous night-time rescue. The helicopter rushed me to the hospital, where doctors saved my life after multiple surgeries. During my recovery, I had plenty of time to reflect. I was deeply grateful to everyone who not only gave me a second chance at life but also inspired me a lot. Their perseverance lighted my way through challenges. Three months after the accident. I found myself standing on the hiking trail once again, which was extremely tough for me. At one point, I wanted to stop. But I didn’t. I took another step. Then another. I would go slow, but I would keep going. 5．What did Josh do after the disaster had struck? A．He continuously tried to move the boulder. B．He left to find the nearest road for help. C．He built a shelter to keep the author warm. D．He gave first aid to the author’s injured leg. 6．What difficulty did the author experience while waiting for rescue? A．Losing consciousness due to extreme pain and blood loss. B．Losing all drinking water supplies for the entire night. C．Suffering from extreme cold as the temperature dropped. D．Being unable to contact emergency services directly. 7．During the rescue operation, the rescuers ______. A．reached the accident site at once B．had to hike with heavy equipment C．felt relaxed after relieving the author’s leg D．came along with a medical team 8．What can we infer from the helicopter’s first attempt? A．The situation was too dangerous for the night-time rescue. B．The helicopter couldn’t land safely due to the bad weather. C．The author’s injuries were too severe to be moved by air. D．The pilot failed to locate them in the darkness. 9．The author writes the text mainly to _____. A．warn readers about the potential dangers of hiking in remote areas B．provide medical advice for wilderness emergencies C．describe the technical challenges of wilderness rescue operations D．remind readers not to give up no matter what difficulties they face 二、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Good communication isn’t just about the words we say. Our body language, the non-verbal signals we send, is equally important. It can help us build trust, look confident, and connect better with others. 10 . Keep an open stance(姿态). Stand or sit straight with your shoulders loose and legs a bit apart. 11 . Don’t cross your arms or legs, as it can make you seem defensive. Let your arms hang naturally to look friendly. Make eye contact about 60-70% of the time to show you’re interested. Use hand gestures carefully. 12 . Use clear hand movements, like opening your hands upward, to make important points stand out. Don’t fidget(坐立不安), like touching your face or clothes, as it shows you’re nervous. As you talk, use your hands to emphasize what you’re saying, or draw people’s attention to a certain area. 13 . Your face can show a lot of feelings. A real smile makes you seem warm and easy to talk to. Be careful of small expressions on your face. Don’t raise your eyebrows too much, as it can make you seem angry or doubtful. Nodding your head a bit when others are talking to you shows that you’re listening. Try to understand other people’s body language. Notice signs of stress, such as crossed arms or tapping feet. A relaxed body and open hands usually mean someone is calm. 14 , like shifting restlessly in their seat or checking the time. Understanding these helps you talk to them better. By practicing these, you can become much better at non-verbal communication. This will help you build better relationships, and have more influence in your life. A．This shows you’re confident B．Learn to use facial expressions well C．Cross your arms to show you are in control D．Look for signs that someone is not interested E．Nodding your head a lot can make you seem impatient F．Hand movements can change how your message is received G．Here are four simple ways to get better at non-verbal communication 三、完形填空 As a school teacher in Germany, some of my classes are filled with students of different nationalities. Sometimes I will have a few overseas students in the 15 whose family are poor. Their German is often rather not standard regardless of they have 16 here for a few years. Some of these students who manage to 17 their three-year study may actually continue to go to school to 18 qualifications so they can attend university. Over the last few weeks, I have taken three young men aside and given them 19 on how to improve their German such as 20 sports clubs, finding ways to build their vocabulary outside class and 21 language immersion (浸入式) courses. After class, I even took a couple of them to a noticeboard which 22 valuable information on a poster and they were grateful for this little 23 that only took a minute of my time. I do not get any extra money for 24 this sort of advice. I have sacrificed my break over the years but I feel it is 25 to help the youngsters in a valuable way. If they 26 their exams they will be likely to 27 a home and spend their working life here. It makes me 28 to share my knowledge as a language teacher and spread those 29 ripples (涟漪作用) in everyday life. 15．A．school B．class C．factory D．company 16．A．lay B．slept C．kept D．lived 17．A．complete B．take C．receive D．owe 18．A．seize B．ask C．attain D．beg 19．A．tips B．ideas C．money D．time 20．A．improving B．enjoying C．playing D．joining 21．A．picking B．learning C．recommending D．noticing 22．A．wrote B．displayed C．recited D．sent 23．A．work B．test C．mark D．question 24．A．refusing B．selling C．offering D．sharing 25．A．possible B．natural C．pitiful D．important 26．A．get B．pass C．have D．win 27．A．gave away B．return to C．set up D．end up 28．A．happy B．tired C．puzzled D．regretful 29．A．surprising B．kind C．joyful D．interesting 四．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has a huge variety of dialects. However, these dialects are becoming difficult 30 (preserve) as Mandarin (普通话) becomes increasingly popular in schools and public places. 31 (face) with this issue, two language-loving foreign students decided to do something. Parker, a linguistics (语言学) student, studies Chinese dialects, while Hansen, fluent 32 multiple languages, has lived in Beijing for years. Together, they started a project which later 33 (become) a website called Phoemica, or Xiangyinyuan, 34 recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed. What you’re bound to notice on the Phonemica website is the 35 (present) of a large map which shows various dialects across China. In certain 36 (area), there are uploads of recordings of dialects which visitors to the site can listen to. Most of the recordings feature speakers 37 (tell) a story in their various dialects. Unlike many similar websites focusing on text or professional research, Phoemica records ordinary people, helping create an oral history of Asia. The website’s detailed information about speakers, including ethnic background and education, makes it more engaging and 38 (access) than traditional language research platforms, aiming to preserve 39 unique appeal of each dialect. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友汤姆从电视新闻上得知你所在的城市发生了地震，十分担心。请你给汤姆写一封信，告知其相关情况，内容包括： 1．你的家人平安地逃过一劫； 2．该地震的影响：6人死亡，500多人受伤，200多所房子成为废墟； 3．地震后的救援情况； 4．地震发生后你的感想。 注意： 1．词数80左右（信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 8 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业第03练 必修一Unit 4&Unit 5重点词性转换、短语、句型和写作练习 Unit 4 revision单元重点回顾 重点单词 1．flood n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没→ _flooded__ adj.洪水泛滥的 2．death n．死；死亡→ _die__vi.死；消失→ _dead__ adj.死的；失去生命的；枯萎的 3．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中→ _percentage__ n．百分率；百分比 4．metal n．金属→ _model__ n．模特；模范；榜样→ _medal__ n．奖章；勋章；纪念章→ _media__ n．新闻媒体；传媒 5．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→ _shocked__ adj.感到震惊的→ _shocking__ adj.令人震惊的 6．electricity n．电；电能→ _electric__ adj.电动的，用电的→ _electrical__ adj.与(用)电有关的；电气科学的→ _electronic__ adj.电子的 7．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→ _breath__ n．呼吸；气息→ _breathless__ adj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的 8．wisdom n．智慧；才智→ _wise__ adj.有智慧的；明智的→ _wisely__ adv.明智地；精明地 9．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ _suffering__ n．疼痛；痛苦；苦难 10．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ _eruption__ n．爆发；喷出 11．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→ _survival__ n．幸存；继续生存；残存物→ _survivor__ n．残存者；生还者；获救者 12．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ _powerful__ adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 13．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静→ _calmly__ adv.镇静地；沉着地 14．strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击→ _striker__ n．罢工者；前锋；射手 15．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→ _delivery__ n．发表；递送 16．effect n．影响；结果；效果→ _effective__ adj.有效的；实际的 17．length n．长；长度→ _long__ adj.长的 重点词汇 1. 自然灾害 natural disasters 2. 防灾安全措施 disaster safety measures 3. 救灾工作 disaster relief work 4. 在洪水灾区 in the flood-hit area 5. 火山喷发 volcanic eruption 6. 提及，涉及 refer to 7. 把某物交给某人 present sth. to sb. 8. 至少 at(the) least 至多，不超过 at(the)most 9. 从…跑出来;用光 run out of 10. 像往常一样;照例 as usual 比往常 than usual 11. 看起来好像 It seem as if/though 12. 结束 come to an end 13. 造成损失/损害 cause damage 对…造成损失/损害 cause/do damage to 14. 横穿:抄近路穿过 cut across 15. 多于;不仅仅是 more than 16. 三分之二的幸存者 two thirds of the survivors 17. 呈一片废墟 lie/be in ruins 18. 受重伤 be badly/seriously injured 19. 成千上万的 thousands of 20. …的数量 the number of 21. 只有,只不过,仅仅 nothing but 22. 吹走，刮走 blow sth away 23. 成千上万;千千万万; tens/hundreds of thousands of 24. 成千上万的...；无数的...millions of 25. 震惊;吃惊 in shock 26. 跌倒;失败;倒塌 fall down 27. 挖出 dig out 28. 重新站起来 get back up on one’s feet 29. 在…的时候 in times of 30. 查字典 look up a word in a dictionary 31. (使)离开;(把…)开走 pull away 32. 忍/遭受;患…病;受…之苦suffer from 33. 把…用作 use…as… 34. 经历;通过 go through 35. 建造 put up 36. 露天;在户外 in the open air 37. 呆在家里,不外出 stay indoors 38. 急救 first aid 39. 急救箱 first aid kit 40. 安全须知 safety instructions 41. 应急包 emergency kit 42. 应急物资 emergency supplies 43. 在场,现有 on hand 44. 处于危险中 in danger 45. 建议做某事 suggest doing sth. 46. 撞倒;冲入 crash into 47. 消灭;彻底消除 sweep away 48. 某人正在做某事, 这时… sb. be doing sth….when 49. 受…的影响 be affected by 50. 有望做某事 be expected to do sth 51. 执行,实行;完成 carry out 52. 过新生活 live a new life 53. 出于感激 out of gratitude 54. 成为…的象征 become a symbol of 55. 向四面八方 in all directions Part 1课文原句及翻译 1. What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 救援人员和士兵在洪灾灾区做什么？ 2. Which buildings were damaged in Seoul? 汉城哪些建筑物遭到破坏？ 3. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了废墟。 4. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90% of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. 该市75%的工厂和建筑，90%的住宅，以及所有的医院都消失了。 5. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. 砖头像秋天的红叶一样覆盖着地面，但是没有风能把它们吹走。 6. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. 铁轨现在成了无用的金属碎片。 7. People were in shock --- and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. 人们都很震惊——然后，那天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。 8. Water, food and electricity were hard to get. 水、食物和电很难得到。 9. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 地震发生后不久，军队就派了15万士兵到唐山挖出被困人员，掩埋死者。 10. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 慢慢地，城市开始呼吸了。 11. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，新的唐山建立在地震废墟上。 12. Tangshan City has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 唐山市向中国和世界证明，在灾难时刻，人们必须团结起来，拿出智慧，积极向上，重建家园，共创美好未来。 13. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 向灾区提供的物质是从全国各地收集的。 14. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 火山爆发后，住在我们隔壁的那对夫妇自愿帮忙。 15. The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. 这场过去40年来最强烈的地震造成海啸，昨天袭击了整个亚洲的海岸线，印尼，印度，泰国，马来西亚和至少四个国家的6500多人丧生。 16. Fisherman, tourists, hotels, homes and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. 渔民、游客、酒店、房屋和汽车都被里氏9.0级强震引发的巨浪卷走。 17. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. 这场海底地震发生在印尼苏门答腊岛西海岸附近，周日早上7点左右。 18. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies. 然而，危险的条件和损坏的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。 19. A summary should be around one third the length of the original text. 摘要应该是原文长度的三分之一。 Ⅲ．句式结构 1．who引导的定语从句 Two thirds of the people __who lived there were dead or injured__. 住在那里的三分之二的居民(在地震中)死亡或受伤。 2．whose引导的定语从句 Workers built shelters for __survivors whose homes had been destroyed__. 工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 3．过去分词作定语 Fishermen，tourists，hotels，homes，and cars were swept away by huge waves __caused by the strong earthquake__ that reached a magnitude of 9.0． 渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。 4．be doing. . . when. . . 正在做某事这时…… I __was having breakfast__ with my three children __when__ water started filling my home. 当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。 5．it作形式宾语 However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will __make it difficult to deliver__ food and supplies. 然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。 Writing 满分模板 ________(时间或地点) saw/witnessed ________(活动). Aimed at ________(活动目的), this activity was well received in the whole school. ________(参与者) took an active part in the acti­vity. The ________(活动) provided a platform for all the students to ________(活动内容一). Most impressively, ________ (活动内容二). With the students' active participation and teachers'enthusiastic support, the ________(活动) turned out to be a success. This activity was highly spoken of by students, for it motivated them to ________(影响). 背满分词汇 1. concerned adj.有关的；担忧的，关切的 2. event n.事件，大事 3. meaningful adj.有意义的 4. volunteer n.志愿者；v.自愿做 5. social adj.社会的 6. significance n.意义；重要性7. serve vt.服务 8. service n.服务 9. attend v参与 10. witness v.目睹，见证 短语 1. be concerned about 担心 2. enjoy a rich and colourful life 享受丰富多彩的生活 3. create a harmonious atmosphere 创造一个和谐的氛围 4. depend／rely on／upon 依靠，依赖 5. make an effort to do sth.努力做某事 6. make contributions to 对······做贡献 7. spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事 8. without delay 毫不耽搁地 9. without doubt 毫无疑问 10. think/ speak highly of 高度评价 11.from all the directions 来自四面八方的 12. turned out to be 结果是 高分句式：活动经过 1. Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school. 上周天举行了一场非凡的越野赛跑比赛，这场比赛吸引了学校每一位学生老师的关注。 1.On Global Youth Service Day, my classmates and I went to the nearby nursing home where we had a meaningful experience.在国际青年服务日，我和同学们去了附近的养老院，那是一次有意义的经历。 2.On May Day, students from our school volunteered at Sunshine Nursing Home. 我们学校的学生在“五一”去阳光敬老院开展志愿者活动。 3. As scheduled, the activity started at 8 o’clock on Saturday morning and it lasted for three hours. 按计划，活动周日上午八点开始，并持续三个小时 4. It was not until half past six in the evening that the activity came to an end. 直到6:30活动才结束 5. Representatives of each class took an active part in the competition. 每个班的代表积极参与比赛 6.On/Upon arriving at the garden, all the students were divided into two groups. 一到达花园，所有学生就被分成两组。 7.When it was time for us to leave, the elderly expressed their thanks for our volunteer work and company. 当我们离开时，老人们感谢我们的志愿者工作和陪伴。 8. Our teachers encourage us to take part in some volunteer activities in our summer holidays, which they think can help us get fully developed. 我们的老师们鼓励我们暑假期间参加一些志愿者活动，他们认为这能帮助我们得到全面发展。 9.Upon/On arrival, we presented the elderly with flowers and fruits with respect. 一到达，我们尊敬地送给老人们鲜花和水果。 10.Both the students and the kids at the care centre were unwilling to part from each other. 学生们和托儿所的孩子们依依不舍。 11.Feeling quite concerned about that, we begin to think about what to do to help them. 由于关心那件事情，我们开始考虑做些什么来帮助他们。 12.Devoting ourselves/Devoted to community activities, we are highly thought of by the people around. 我们致力于社区活动，受到周围人的高度评价。 社会服务的意义 1.It is our duty/responsibility to make our world a more harmonious place to live in. 我们有责任使我们的世界成为一个更和谐的居住地。 2.What we did not only brought joy to others but also enriched our lives. 我们所做的事情不仅给他人带去了欢乐也丰富了我们的生活。 3.Tired as the students were, they had great fun and sense of achievement. 尽管学生很累，他们玩得很开开心且很有成就感。 4. Many students think highly of the volunteer activity, from which they benefited a lot. 很多学生高度评价这个志愿者活动，他们从中受益匪浅。 5.With more and more people joining in the volunteer work, the community will become more harmonious. 随着越来越多的人参加志愿者工作，这个社区将变得更加和谐。 6. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.他们所做的给他们带来快乐，而且丰富了他们自己的生活。 7. Apart from knowledge, we also learned to cooperate with each other and came to realize the importance of teamwork.除了知识，我们也学会了和他人合作，也逐渐意识到合作的重要性。 8. The activity benefited us a lot. / The activity was of great benefit to us./ The activity was very beneficial to us. 活动对我们很有好处。 精彩句式 1 一到那儿，我们看到来自名家的琳琅满目的作品，有水墨画，山水画等。 (On arriving there), we saw a variety of vivid works from Chinese artists, ranging from ink wash paintings to landscape paintings. 2 正是这样一次如此精彩和成功的活动鼓励我们规律运动 Such a great and successful activity was it that we were motivated/inspired to tak exercise regularly. 3 尽管学生很累，他们玩得很开心并且很有成就感。（让步状语变倒装） Tired as the students were, they had great fun and a sense of achievement. 高分范文背诵 假定你是校英语报记者李华, 上周你校开展了“读一本英语原著”活动，请你写一篇报道，内容如下： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动成效。 In order to stimulate students’ enthusiasm in learning English and encourage them to form the beneficial habit of reading English, the English Week was held at our school last week. It was expected that each student read an English book, preferably an English novel in this week, write a book review and make a PowerPoint presentation of the core information of the book. Heated discussions followed the presentation, making the students deeply impressed. The activity proved to be a complete success. Gaining dramatic popularity, it’s universally acknowledged by participants, with reflections of continuing reading English books despite the closure of the project. Unit 5 revision单元重点回顾 重点单词 1．refer vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于→ _reference__ n．言及；提及；参考；查阅 2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→ _base__ vt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据→ _basic__ adj.基本的；基础的 3．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→ _various__ adj.不同的；各种各样的→ _vary__ vt.& vi.使不同；变化 4．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→ _majority__ n．大多数；大半→ _minority__ n．少数 5．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→ _characteristic__ n．特征；特性 6．global adj.全球的；全世界的→ _globe__ n．球体；地球仪；地球 7．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值→ _appreciation__ n．欣赏；感激；感谢 8．equal n．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→ _equally__ adv.相等地→ _equality__ n．同等；平等 9．demand n．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问→ _demanding__ adj.(工作)苛求的；费力的 10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→ _describe__ vt.描述 11．relate v．联系；讲述→ _related__ adj.有关的；有联系的→ _relation__ n．关系；亲戚→ _relative__ n．亲戚adj.相对的→ _relativity__ n．相对性 重点短语 1. _refer to__指的是；描述；提到；查阅 2．_be known for...__因……而闻名 3．_ups and downs__浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 4．_at the beginning__起初 5．_date back to__追溯到 6．_lead to__导致 7．_be of importance__重要的 8．_no matter where/who/what...__不论在哪里/谁/什么……；不管…… 9．_be connected with...__与……有联系/关联 10．_see...as...__把……看作…… 11．_play a role in...__在……中扮演角色；在……中起作用 12．_an increasing number of__许多；大量 13．_point of view__观点；看法 14．_fight for...__为争取……而斗争 15．_give up__放弃 16．_used to do sth.__过去常常做某事 17．_have trouble with sth.__在某方面有困难 18．_depend on__依靠；依赖 19．_relate to...__与……相关；涉及；谈到 20．_introduce sb.to sb.__把某人介绍给某人 21. global affairs 全球事物 22. civilized society 文明社会 23. compare...with... 把...与...比较 24. bridge the gap between...缩小...的差距 25. be adapted into...被改编为... 26. be originated from...起源于... 27. form a strong bridge linking the present and the past 建立一座连接现在和过去的坚固桥梁 Part I 单元词汇原句呈现及翻译 1. How many billion people speak the UN’s official language as their native or second language? 有几十亿的人把联合国的官方语言当做母语或者第二外语？ 2. What’s the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning? 作者对外语学习的态度是什么？ 3. What do the italicized words refer to in the sentence? 句中斜体的单词指的是什么？ 4. Pronouns(it, they, she, etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier. 代词(it, they, she)指代前文提到的某事或某人。 5. China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. 中国以其古老的文明而闻名，尽管历史上有许多起起伏伏，但它一直延续到现代。 6. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. 造成这种情况的原因有很多，但其中一个主要因素是汉语书写系统。 7. At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. 起初，书面汉语是一种基于图片的语言。 8. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——动物的骨头和贝壳，古代中国人在它们上面雕刻着符号。 9. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi. 在今天的汉字中仍然可以看到一些古老的符号。 10. By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. 到了商朝（公元前1600~公元前1046年左右），这些符号已经成为一个完善的书写系统。 11. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 这些年来，这个系统发展成了不同的形式，因为在这个时代，人们在地理上被分割，从而产生了许多不同的方言和文字。 12. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 秦始皇将七大国统一为一个统一的国家，中国的书写系统开始朝着一个方向发展。 13. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天，不管住在哪里，也不管说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 14. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past. 书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系起来的一个重要手段。 15. People in modem times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. 现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。 16. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. 对汉字书写系统的高度重视可以从汉字的发展中看出来，汉字作为一种被称为中国书法的艺术形式，它已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。 17. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉字这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 18. Scanning is looking at the text quickly to find specific information, such as dates or numbers. 扫读是快速阅读文章，以期找到特定的信息，如日期或数字。 19. When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue. 当我开始学习德语，真是一个痛苦的事情啊！因为我感觉这些单词用我的舌头读出来很奇怪。 20. I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. 我终于到达了一个可以用这种外国语言思考的地步了，而且我还能从一个不同的角度看待这个世界。 21. In British English, the word “pants” means underwear. 在英式英语中，“pants”这个单词意思是内裤。 22. I beg your pardon. 请你再说一遍。 23. If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. 如果我和一位好朋友谈话，我可以用简短的请求，比如“打开窗户” ——我们的关系很亲密，而且我们是平等的，所以我只需要几句话就能弥合我们之间的差距。 24. But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand, e.g., “Could you open the window, please?” 但是，如果我和一个与我不太亲近的人说话，我必须提出更长的请求—— 我必须把它看作是一个问题，而不是一个要求，例如，“请问你能打开窗户吗？” 25. For me, vocabulary is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words! 对我而言，词汇是我最大的问题——生词实在太多了！ 26. I can’t keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head, and I certainly can’t remember how to use them all properly. HELP! 我不能把所有的新词汇直接放进我的脑子里，我当然也不记得如何正确使用它们。求助！ 27. Does the writer give a clear description of the problem? 作者有没有针对这个问题给出清晰的描述？ 28. Does each sentence relate to the main idea? 每一句话都和主旨大意相关吗？ Ⅲ．句式结构 1．It was a time when. . . 这/那是一个……的时期 Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as __it was a time when__(这/那是一个……的时期) people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. 2．no matter where. . . 无论在哪里，引导让步状语从句 Even today，__no matter where Chinese people live__(无论中国人在哪里生活) or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing. 3．as引导状语从句，意为“随着” _As China plays a greater role in global affairs__(随着中国在国际事务中起更大的作用)，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language. 4．the＋比较级，the＋比较级“越……，就越……” _The more__(越多) I learnt of a language，__the more my brain would grow__(我的大脑就越发达). 5．疑问词＋to do结构 My biggest headache is __how to be polite in English__ (如何用英语得体地表达). 6．have trouble with sth. /in doing sth. 在某方面/做某事方面有困难 I used to get high marks in English，but now __I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening__(我的听力有很多问题). Writing 邀请信 1 .活动名称organized by+活动的组织者+is to be held in+地点+时间+with the theme of +主题…. Therefore, I am writing to invite you to take part in the activity. ……组织了……活动,这次活动将于……在……举行,主题为……。因此,我写信邀请你参加活动。 2.There is going to be+活动名称+in+地点，which will be held by+组织者。Hoping that you would come, I'm writing to invite you to join us. ……活动由……组织,将在……举行。我写信邀请你加入,希望你能来。 3．Knowing that you show great interest in.…I’m writing to invite you to participate in... 得知你对…感兴趣，我写信时为了邀请你参加…。 4. I know you are a native speaker of English and an English teacher, and I, on behalf of our school, sincerely invite you to be part of the contest. 我知道你的母语是英语，还是一个英语老师。我，代表我们学校，真诚的邀请你来比赛现场。 6.I am very pleased to invite you to participate in...to be held in... 我很高兴邀请你参加在……举行的…… 主体部分 1.It will begin at 2:00 pm and last two hours, during which time 12 well-prepared contestants will deliver their speeches. 它将于下午两点钟开始，四点钟结束，在此期间将会有十二位准备充分的参赛者发表演讲。 2.As is scheduled, we will…After…,there will be many activities, such as. which will be not only meaningful but also interesting. 按计划,我们将会……。在……之后,将会有许多活动,例如……,这些活动不仅有意义而且很有趣。 3. Here is a brief schedule(about this activity).First and foremost .What's more. In addition,…这是(关于这次活动的)简要日程安排。首先，…其次,……此外… 4.The following are some details about.../Some details about...are as follows. Some details about this activity are as follows. Here are some details about this activity. The following are some…… ……细节如下。 结尾 1. Will you be available during that time? Please contact me at 1234567 at your earliest convenience. 那期间你有空吗？请方便时尽快给我打电话1234567。 2. Would you please let me know as soon as possible if you can accept my invitation? 请尽快告诉我你能否接受我的邀请好吗？ 3. We will feel much honored if you could come. 如果你能来，我们会非常荣幸。 4.Everyone is longing for your coming, and it would be more cheerful if you could come. 今每个人都期待你的到来，如果你能来，场面会更加欢快。 5.Sincerely hope that you can accept our invitation and I have the confidence that you'll have a joyful and meaningful day. -. 我真心希望你能接受我们的邀请，而且我相信你会度过既快乐又有意义的一天。 6.Please inform us of whether you are able to come or not at your early convenience. 请在你方便时尽早告知我们你是否能来。 7.I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in. 我想你要是能来参加……那就太好了。 8. Would you please drop me a line to let me know whether you can come to..? 请写信告诉我是否你能来……好吗? Li Hua 实战演练 假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节，写封信邀请你的英国朋友Mallen参加。 内容包括; 1.时间; 2.活动安排; 3.欢迎他表演节目。注意: 1词数80~100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mallen, I'm glad to tell you that our school’s music festival this year will be held next Friday. There will be all kinds of activities. I’m writing to invite you to attend the festival. The details are as follows. The festival is scheduled to start at 9:00 and will last for 3 hours. First the headmaster will make a speech, which may give you a look at the past present and future of the festival. Then there will be colorful musical performances such as stage singing, dancing, short musicals and so on. You are particularly welcome to give a performance on stage. I would appreciate it if you could attend the music festival. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours , Li Hua 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 UNIT 4 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．With more forests destroyed (破坏), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 2．An investigation is underway to find out how the disaster (灾难) happened. 3．The room was filled with smoke, and it was becoming difficult to breathe (呼吸)． 4．After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours, the police sent out a rescue (营救) team to look for them. 5．It's kind of you to provide the poor boy with food and shelter (避难处)． 6．We shouldn't waste electricity (电) in our daily life. 7．His son finally succeeded after ten years' continuous effort (努力)． 8．He gave an example of bravery and wisdom (智慧)． 9．He has supplied (提供) me with the necessary information. 10．Many companies are suffering (遭受) from a shortage of skilled workers. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．He trapped me into admitting I had done it. 2．The building whose wall is white is our library. 3．This coat is dirty (dirt), so I'll take it to the cleaner's. 4．Each time he delivered a letter to Mrs Brown, he had to finish his work quite late, because she lived far away. 5．She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most. 6．They were shocked at the shocking eruption of the volcano. (shock) 7．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has_been_rising (rise) steadily since 1990. 8．This machine is very easy to_operate (operate)．Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. UNIT 5 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The twins differ from each other in character (性格)． 2．What subject did you major (主修) in when you were in university? 3．By no means (方式) am I satisfied with what you have done. 4．It is a struggle (斗争) for me to rid myself of my fears. 5．She is now crazy about classical (古典的) music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert. 6．This is an animal that is specific (特有的) to this part of Africa. 7．I'd appreciate (感激) your writing me back as soon as possible. 8．There are certain factors (因素) I must consider on my new invention. 9．How do you view the role of women in global (全球的) development? 10．Despite (尽管) his terrible injuries, he wouldn't give up the struggle for life. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．This proverb is based on an old English law dating (date)back to the 17th century. 2．Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help me find the lost suitcase. 3．Death rates are down for many cancers in the US. But globally (global) the disease is rising. 4．Scientists have a fairly negative attitude to/towards the theory. 5．He struggled against cancer for two years. 6．You should keep the book well for future reference (refer)． 7．Police have issued a description (describe) of the man who was aged between fifty and sixty. 8．By the time we arrived, he had_worked (work) for eight hours. 9．I like the film based (base) on historical facts. 10．The city has a variety (vary) of good stores and supermarkets. 一．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A new study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research reveals a surprising finding. The common practice of building seaside dams to prevent flooding may actually lead to more intense seaside flood events. Those massive projects are becoming increasingly popular globally. This is in part to prevent the effects of intensifying storms, seawater attack, and sea level rise due to climate change. However, the study challenges the assumption that all of the seaside dams are effective flood prevention measures. By analyzing the data from Charleston Harbor in South Carolina, researchers found that seaside dams don’t necessarily reduce flooding. Dams can either increase or decrease flood risks, depending on factors like the length of time of a surge event and the shape of the basin. Lead author Steven Dykstra noted that the shape of the basin can cause storm surges to grow rather than decrease as one might expect when moving inland. After using Charleston Harbor as a case study, researchers employed computer modeling to assess the flood response at 23 other sites, both dammed and natural. The models confirmed that the basin shape and its shortening by a dam are crucial in determining how storm surges move inland. In dammed environments, waves can accumulate and grow under the right length of time. Steven Dykstra emphasized the concern that people might not realize they were in a seaside influenced zone. Sea level rise is making those far inland aware of their weakness to seaside effects, often through massive floods. Other contributors to the study included Enrica Viparelli, Alexander Yankovsky, Raymond Torres from the University of South Carolina, and Stefan Talke from California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. 1．How did people use to view the seaside dam? A．It decreased the frequency of storms. B．It protected seaside areas from threats. C．It slowed down the rise in sea level. D．It prevented the river-ocean interaction. 2．Why do waves increase where there are seaside dams? A．Seaside dams extend the lasting time of waves. B．Seaside dams stop rivers from reaching the sea. C．Seaside dams change the directions of waves. D．Seaside dams decrease the length of a basin. 3．What was Steven Dykstra worried about? A．Seaside floods weren’t taken seriously by people. B．The impact of floods was widespread. C．Dams contributed to the occurrence of flooding. D．Floods by the sea were difficult to prevent. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Seaside Dams Are Less Useful at Seaside Areas B．Seaside Surges Impact More than Seaside C．Seaside Dams Can Worsen Flood D．The Latest Model Arises New Concerns 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，用于防洪的沿海大坝可能因海湾形状和涨潮时间等因素，导致洪水更加严重，这挑战了沿海大坝作为有效防洪措施的传统认知。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The common practice of building seaside dams to prevent flooding may actually lead to more intense seaside flood events.(建造海滨水坝以防止洪水的常见做法实际上可能导致更严重的海滨洪水事件)”可知，人们过去认为沿海大坝可以保护沿海地区免受威胁。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“By analyzing the data from Charleston Harbor in South Carolina, researchers found that seaside dams don’t necessarily reduce flooding. Dams can either increase or decrease flood risks, depending on factors like the length of time of a surge event and the shape of the basin. Lead author Steven Dykstra noted that the shape of the basin can cause storm surges to grow rather than decrease as one might expect when moving inland.(通过分析南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿港的数据，研究人员发现，海边水坝不一定能减少洪水。大坝可以增加或减少洪水的风险，这取决于诸如浪涌事件的时间长短和盆地的形状等因素。该研究的主要作者史蒂文·戴克斯特拉指出，盆地的形状可能会导致风暴潮增加，而不是像人们预期的那样在向内陆移动时减少)”可知，沿海大坝改变了海湾的形状，导致风暴潮的波浪在特定时间下会聚集并变大。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Steven Dykstra emphasized the concern that people might not realize they were in a seaside influenced zone. Sea level rise is making those far inland aware of their weakness to seaside effects, often through massive floods.(戴克斯特拉强调，人们可能没有意识到自己身处受海边影响的地区。海平面的上升使那些遥远的内陆地区意识到他们对海边影响的弱点，通常是通过大规模的洪水)”可推知，他担心的是沿海的洪水没有提前引起人们足够的重视。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study published in the Journal of Geophysical Research reveals a surprising finding. The common practice of building seaside dams to prevent flooding may actually lead to more intense seaside flood events.(发表在《地球物理研究杂志》上的一项新研究揭示了一个令人惊讶的发现。建造海滨水坝以防止洪水的常见做法实际上可能导致更严重的海滨洪水事件)”可知，文章主要说明了一项新的研究表明，用于防洪的沿海大坝可能因海湾形状和涨潮时间等因素，导致洪水更加严重，这挑战了沿海大坝作为有效防洪措施的传统认知。由此可知，C选项“海滨水坝会加剧洪水”最符合文章标题。故选C。 B It was supposed to be an exciting adventure with my best friend Josh. We were hiking when the disaster struck. A boulder (巨石) suddenly shifted and crushed my leg beneath it. Extreme pain shot through my body. “Josh! Help!” I screamed, my voice trembling with panic. Josh reacted instantly. But no matter what he tried, the boulder didn’t show the slightest movement. “Hold on! We’ll get help!” He said, grabbing his phone. He called emergency services and told the operator where we were. But we were kilometers from the nearest road, too far for rescue team to reach soon. The hours passed slowly. The boulder hadn’t just crushed me, but it had knocked over almost all the water we carried. As the sun went down, the temperature dropped to near freezing. I trembled uncontrollably and sank into despair, but Josh kept encouraging me firmly. “Don’t lose hope!” He said, “We’ll get through this!” He gathered all the clothing he’d brought and piled them onto me. Then he collected wood and built a small fire, keeping it burning while we waited under the black, starless sky. Just when I thought we might not survive the night, the glow of rescuers’ headlamps appeared on the distant hillside. The rescuers came on foot, driving to the closest spot they could find and then hiking in. Burdened by enormous packs and heavy tools, they moved through the darkness — every step a risk. Seeing the rescuers face to face allowed me to relax. After I’d been trapped for about five hours, they managed to pull my leg out from under the boulder. But they delivered discouraging news: it was too dangerous to take me off the mountain in the dark. We must wait for the helicopter. Soon, I heard the distant sound of a helicopter. But despair returned when it flew away without stopping. Watching it disappear behind the hills, I feared my last hope was gone. However, the rescue team never gave up, working tirelessly. They kept trying until finding a Navy helicopter crew brave enough to attempt our dangerous night-time rescue. The helicopter rushed me to the hospital, where doctors saved my life after multiple surgeries. During my recovery, I had plenty of time to reflect. I was deeply grateful to everyone who not only gave me a second chance at life but also inspired me a lot. Their perseverance lighted my way through challenges. Three months after the accident. I found myself standing on the hiking trail once again, which was extremely tough for me. At one point, I wanted to stop. But I didn’t. I took another step. Then another. I would go slow, but I would keep going. 5．What did Josh do after the disaster had struck? A．He continuously tried to move the boulder. B．He left to find the nearest road for help. C．He built a shelter to keep the author warm. D．He gave first aid to the author’s injured leg. 6．What difficulty did the author experience while waiting for rescue? A．Losing consciousness due to extreme pain and blood loss. B．Losing all drinking water supplies for the entire night. C．Suffering from extreme cold as the temperature dropped. D．Being unable to contact emergency services directly. 7．During the rescue operation, the rescuers ______. A．reached the accident site at once B．had to hike with heavy equipment C．felt relaxed after relieving the author’s leg D．came along with a medical team 8．What can we infer from the helicopter’s first attempt? A．The situation was too dangerous for the night-time rescue. B．The helicopter couldn’t land safely due to the bad weather. C．The author’s injuries were too severe to be moved by air. D．The pilot failed to locate them in the darkness. 9．The author writes the text mainly to _____. A．warn readers about the potential dangers of hiking in remote areas B．provide medical advice for wilderness emergencies C．describe the technical challenges of wilderness rescue operations D．remind readers not to give up no matter what difficulties they face 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与朋友Josh徒步时遭遇巨石压腿事故，在等待救援过程中历经艰难，最终获救并从中感悟到永不放弃精神的故事。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Josh reacted instantly. But no matter what he tried, the boulder didn’t show the slightest movement. (但不管他怎么努力，巨石都没有丝毫移动。)”可知，Josh在立即做出反应，不断尝试移动巨石。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句“As the sun went down, the temperature dropped to near freezing. I trembled uncontrollably and sank into despair, but Josh kept encouraging me firmly.  (随着太阳落山，气温降至接近冰点。我无法控制地颤抖着，陷入了绝望，但乔希一直坚定地鼓励我。)”可知，作者在等待救援时经历了极度的寒冷。故选C项。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“The rescuers came on foot, driving to the closest spot they could find and then hiking in. Burdened by enormous packs and heavy tools, they moved through the darkness — every step a risk. (救援人员步行前来，开车到他们能找到的最近的地方，然后徒步进入。他们背着巨大的背包和沉重的工具，在黑暗中前行——每一步都是冒险。)”可知，救援人员在徒步进入事故现场时携带了沉重的设备。故选B项。 8．推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“But they delivered discouraging news: it was too dangerous to take me off the mountain in the dark. (但他们带来了令人沮丧的消息：在黑暗中把我从山上救下来太危险了。)”可知，直升机第一次尝试救援时没有停下来，是因为夜间救援太危险了。故选A项。 9．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者经历事故被困，在救援人员和朋友帮助下最终获救的故事。再结合最后一段最后三句“But I didn’t. I took another step. Then another. I would go slow, but I would keep going. (但我没有。我又迈出了一步。接着又一步。我会走得很慢，但我会继续前进。)”可知，作者在康复后决定重新踏上徒步小径，尽管过程艰难，但他没有放弃，而是继续前行。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了提醒读者无论遇到什么困难都不要放弃。故选D项。 二、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Good communication isn’t just about the words we say. Our body language, the non-verbal signals we send, is equally important. It can help us build trust, look confident, and connect better with others. 10 . Keep an open stance(姿态). Stand or sit straight with your shoulders loose and legs a bit apart. 11 . Don’t cross your arms or legs, as it can make you seem defensive. Let your arms hang naturally to look friendly. Make eye contact about 60-70% of the time to show you’re interested. Use hand gestures carefully. 12 . Use clear hand movements, like opening your hands upward, to make important points stand out. Don’t fidget(坐立不安), like touching your face or clothes, as it shows you’re nervous. As you talk, use your hands to emphasize what you’re saying, or draw people’s attention to a certain area. 13 . Your face can show a lot of feelings. A real smile makes you seem warm and easy to talk to. Be careful of small expressions on your face. Don’t raise your eyebrows too much, as it can make you seem angry or doubtful. Nodding your head a bit when others are talking to you shows that you’re listening. Try to understand other people’s body language. Notice signs of stress, such as crossed arms or tapping feet. A relaxed body and open hands usually mean someone is calm. 14 , like shifting restlessly in their seat or checking the time. Understanding these helps you talk to them better. By practicing these, you can become much better at non-verbal communication. This will help you build better relationships, and have more influence in your life. A．This shows you’re confident B．Learn to use facial expressions well C．Cross your arms to show you are in control D．Look for signs that someone is not interested E．Nodding your head a lot can make you seem impatient F．Hand movements can change how your message is received G．Here are four simple ways to get better at non-verbal communication 【答案】10．G 11．A 12．F 13．B 14．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了非语言沟通（身体语言）的重要性，并从保持开放姿态、谨慎使用手势、善用面部表情、理解他人身体语言四个方面给出提升非语言沟通能力的方法。 10．根据上文“Good communication isn’t just about the words we say. Our body language, the non-verbal signals we send, is equally important. It can help us build trust, look confident, and connect better with others.(良好的沟通不仅仅是我们所说的话。我们的肢体语言，即我们发出的非语言信号，同样重要。它可以帮助我们建立信任，看起来自信，并更好地与他人联系)”可知上文提到了肢体语言很重要，可推理出此处是在引出关于肢体语言沟通的话题，与G项“Here are four simple ways to get better at non-verbal communication(这里有四个提高非语言沟通能力的简单方法)”相呼应，起到承上启下的作用，故选G项。 11．根据上文“Keep an open stance(姿态). Stand or sit straight with your shoulders loose and legs a bit apart.(保持开放的姿态。站直或坐直，肩膀放松，双腿稍微分开)”以及下文“Don’t cross your arms or legs, as it can make you seem defensive. Let your arms hang naturally to look friendly.(不要交叉双臂或双腿，因为这会让你看起来有防御性。让手臂自然下垂看起来更友好)”可知上下文说的是正确的做法，可推理出空白处表达的是正确的姿势的好处，与A项“This shows you’re confident(这表明你很自信)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 12．根据上文“Use hand gestures carefully.(小心使用手势)”以及下文“Use clear hand movements, like opening your hands upward, to make important points stand out. Don’t fidget(坐立不安), like touching your face or clothes, as it shows you’re nervous. As you talk, use your hands to emphasize what you’re saying, or draw people’s attention to a certain area.(使用清晰的手部动作，比如向上张开双手，让重点突出。不要坐立不安，比如摸脸或衣服，因为这表明你很紧张。当你说话时，用你的手来强调你所说的话，或者把人们的注意力吸引到某个区域)”可知上文说的是要正确地使用手部动作，可推理出此处说的是手部动作会影响信息传达的效果，与F项“Hand movements can change how your message is received(手部动作可以改变你的信息被接收的方式)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 13．根据下文“Your face can show a lot of feelings. A real smile makes you seem warm and easy to talk to. Be careful of small expressions on your face. Don’t raise your eyebrows too much, as it can make you seem angry or doubtful. Nodding your head a bit when others are talking to you shows that you’re listening.(你的脸可以表现出很多情感。一个真诚的微笑会让你看起来很温暖，很容易交谈。注意脸上的小表情。不要过度扬眉，因为这会让你看起来生气或怀疑。当别人和你说话时，稍微点头表明你在听)”可知下文说的是正确的面部表情会带来积极的效果，而不恰当的面部表情会让你看起来生气或怀疑，可推理出空白处说的是要正确地使用面部表情，与B项“Learn to use facial expressions well(学会很好地使用面部表情)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 14．根据上文“Try to understand other people’s body language. Notice signs of stress, such as crossed arms or tapping feet. A relaxed body and open hands usually mean someone is calm.(试着理解别人的肢体语言。注意压力的迹象，比如交叉双臂或跺脚。放松的身体和张开的手通常意味着某人很平静)”以及下文“like shifting restlessly in their seat or checking the time.(比如在座位上不安地挪动或看时间)”可知上文提到了交叉双臂或跺脚，下文提到了在座位上不安地挪动或看时间，可推理出空白处说的是寻找别人不感兴趣的迹象，与D项“Look for signs that someone is not interested(寻找某人不感兴趣的迹象)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 三、完形填空 As a school teacher in Germany, some of my classes are filled with students of different nationalities. Sometimes I will have a few overseas students in the 15 whose family are poor. Their German is often rather not standard regardless of they have 16 here for a few years. Some of these students who manage to 17 their three-year study may actually continue to go to school to 18 qualifications so they can attend university. Over the last few weeks, I have taken three young men aside and given them 19 on how to improve their German such as 20 sports clubs, finding ways to build their vocabulary outside class and 21 language immersion (浸入式) courses. After class, I even took a couple of them to a noticeboard which 22 valuable information on a poster and they were grateful for this little 23 that only took a minute of my time. I do not get any extra money for 24 this sort of advice. I have sacrificed my break over the years but I feel it is 25 to help the youngsters in a valuable way. If they 26 their exams they will be likely to 27 a home and spend their working life here. It makes me 28 to share my knowledge as a language teacher and spread those 29 ripples (涟漪作用) in everyday life. 15．A．school B．class C．factory D．company 16．A．lay B．slept C．kept D．lived 17．A．complete B．take C．receive D．owe 18．A．seize B．ask C．attain D．beg 19．A．tips B．ideas C．money D．time 20．A．improving B．enjoying C．playing D．joining 21．A．picking B．learning C．recommending D．noticing 22．A．wrote B．displayed C．recited D．sent 23．A．work B．test C．mark D．question 24．A．refusing B．selling C．offering D．sharing 25．A．possible B．natural C．pitiful D．important 26．A．get B．pass C．have D．win 27．A．gave away B．return to C．set up D．end up 28．A．happy B．tired C．puzzled D．regretful 29．A．surprising B．kind C．joyful D．interesting 【答案】 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．A 20．D 21．B 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位德国教师在课堂上帮助不同国籍的贫困学生提高德语水平的故事。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，我的班级里会有几个家庭贫困的留学生。A. school学校；B. class班级；C. factory工厂；D. company公司。根据前文“As a school teacher in Germany, some of my classes are filled with students of different nationalities.”可知，此处指作者的班级里会有几个家庭贫困的留学生。故选B。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们在这里已经住了好几年了，但他们的德语往往相当不标准。A. lay放置；B. slept睡觉；C. kept保持；D. lived居住。根据前文“some of my classes are filled with students of different nationalities”和后文“here for a few years”可知，此处指这些外国学生在这里已经住了好几年了。故选D。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一些设法完成三年学业的学生实际上可能会继续上学以获得资格，这样他们就可以上大学了。A. complete完成；B. take拿走；C. receive收到；D. owe欠。根据后文“their three-year study”可知，此处指完成三年学业的学生。故选A。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. seize抓住；B. ask问；C. attain获得；D. beg乞求。根据后文“qualifications so they can attend university”可知，此处指获得资格，以便上大学。故选C。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几周里，我把三个年轻人叫到一边，给他们一些提高德语水平的建议，比如加入体育俱乐部，寻找课外增加词汇量的方法，以及学习语言沉浸式课程。A. tips建议；B. ideas想法；C. money钱；D. time时间。根据后文“on how to improve their German”可知，此处指作者给三个年轻人一些提高德语水平的建议。故选A。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. improving提高；B. enjoying享受；C. playing玩；D. joining加入。根据后文“sports clubs”可知，此处指加入体育俱乐部。故选D。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. picking挑选；B. learning学习；C. recommending推荐；D. noticing注意到。根据后文“language immersion (浸入式) courses”可知，此处指学习语言沉浸式课程。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：课后，我甚至带他们中的两个人去了一个布告栏，上面张贴着一张海报上的重要信息，他们很感激我花了一分钟时间给他们这个小帮助的作为。A. wrote写；B. displayed张贴；C. recited背诵；D. sent发送。根据前文“a noticeboard”以及后文“valuable information on a poster”可知，此处指布告栏上张贴着一张海报上的重要信息。故选B。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. work工作，作为；B. test测试；C. mark分数；D. question问题。根据前文“I even took a couple of them to a noticeboard”和“valuable information on a poster”可知，此处指老师带学生看布告栏这一作为。故选A。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：提供这样的建议，我得不到任何额外的报酬。A. refusing拒绝；B. selling卖；C. offering提供；D. sharing分享。根据后文“this sort of advice”可知，此处指作者提供这样的建议。故选C。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我牺牲了自己的休息时间，但我觉得以一种有价值的方式帮助年轻人是很重要的。A. possible可能的；B. natural自然的；C. pitiful可怜的；D. important重要的。根据后文“to help the youngsters in a valuable way”可知，此处指作者觉得以一种有价值的方式帮助年轻人是很重要的。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们通过了考试，他们很可能会建立家庭，在这里度过他们的工作生涯。A. get得到；B. pass通过；C. have有；D. win赢得。根据后文“their exams”可知，此处指学生们通过考试。故选B。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. gave away赠送；B. return to返回；C. set up建立；D. end up结束。根据后文“a home and spend their working life here”可知，此处指如果他们通过了考试，他们很可能会在这里建立家庭，度过他们的工作生涯。故选C。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名语言教师，分享我的知识，并在日常生活中传播这些善意的涟漪，让我感到快乐。A. happy快乐的；B. tired疲惫的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. regretful后悔的。根据后文“to share my knowledge as a language teacher and spread those 15 ripples (涟漪作用) in everyday life”可知，此处指分享知识，并在日常生活中传播善意的涟漪，让作者感到快乐。故选A。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. kind善良的；C. joyful快乐的；D. interesting有趣的。根据前文“I feel it is 11 to help the youngsters in a valuable way”以及后文“ripples (涟漪作用) in everyday life”可知，此处指在日常生活中传播善意的涟漪。故选B。 四．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has a huge variety of dialects. However, these dialects are becoming difficult 30 (preserve) as Mandarin (普通话) becomes increasingly popular in schools and public places. 31 (face) with this issue, two language-loving foreign students decided to do something. Parker, a linguistics (语言学) student, studies Chinese dialects, while Hansen, fluent 32 multiple languages, has lived in Beijing for years. Together, they started a project which later 33 (become) a website called Phoemica, or Xiangyinyuan, 34 recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed. What you’re bound to notice on the Phonemica website is the 35 (present) of a large map which shows various dialects across China. In certain 36 (area), there are uploads of recordings of dialects which visitors to the site can listen to. Most of the recordings feature speakers 37 (tell) a story in their various dialects. Unlike many similar websites focusing on text or professional research, Phoemica records ordinary people, helping create an oral history of Asia. The website’s detailed information about speakers, including ethnic background and education, makes it more engaging and 38 (access) than traditional language research platforms, aiming to preserve 39 unique appeal of each dialect. 【答案】 30．to preserve 31．Faced 32．in 33．became 34．where 35．presence 36．areas 37．telling 38．accessible 39．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍Phonemica网站，展示了两位外国学生如何通过现代技术手段保护中国丰富的方言文化。 30．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，随着普通话在学校和公共场所越来越受欢迎，这些方言变得越来越难以保护。“主语+be+形容词+to do”是固定结构，在该结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。故填to preserve。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：面对这个问题，两位热爱语言的外国学生决定做点什么。be faced with是固定短语，意为“面临，面对”，空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词face与句子的主语two language-loving foreign students之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Faced。 32．考查介词。句意：帕克是一名语言学专业的学生，研究中国方言，而汉森精通多种语言，已经在北京生活多年。be fluent in是固定搭配，表示“在……方面流利；精通……”，这里说汉森精通多种语言。故填in。 33．考查动词时态。句意：他们一起启动了一个项目，这个项目后来变成了一个名为“乡音苑”的网站，在这个网站上，收集并展示了那些濒临消失的方言的录音。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的started可知，项目变成网站是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填became。 34．考查定语从句。句意：他们一起启动了一个项目，这个项目后来变成了一个名为“乡音苑”的网站，在这个网站上，收集并展示了那些濒临消失的方言的录音。分析句子结构可知，　5　recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a website，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 35．考查名词。句意：你在“乡音苑”网站上一定会注意到有一张大地图，它展示了中国各地的各种方言。根据句意和空格前的is可知，空格处应该用名词presence作表语，the presence of表示“……的存在”，这里指网站上有一张大地图的存在。故填presence。 36．考查名词复数。句意：在某些地区，有上传的方言录音，网站的访问者可以收听。area是可数名词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填areas。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数录音以说方言的人讲故事为特色。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的名词speakers，动词tell与speakers之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词telling作定语。故填telling。 38．考查形容词。句意：该网站提供了使用者的详细信息，包括种族背景和教育程度，使其比传统的语言研究平台更具吸引力和可访问性，旨在保留每种方言的独特吸引力。根据空格前的makes it more engaging and可知，空格处应该用形容词accessible与形容词engaging并列作补足语。故填accessible。 39．考查冠词。句意：该网站提供了使用者的详细信息，包括种族背景和教育程度，使其比传统的语言研究平台更具吸引力和可访问性，旨在保留每种方言的独特吸引力。appeal在这里表示“魅力”，是特指每种方言的独特魅力，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友汤姆从电视新闻上得知你所在的城市发生了地震，十分担心。请你给汤姆写一封信，告知其相关情况，内容包括： 1．你的家人平安地逃过一劫； 2．该地震的影响：6人死亡，500多人受伤，200多所房子成为废墟； 3．地震后的救援情况； 4．地震发生后你的感想。 注意： 1．词数80左右（信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, Knowing you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details. Luckily, my family and I survived the quake safe and sound. However, the earthquake did do some damage to our city, in which six people were killed and more than five hundred were seriously injured. Besides, it also made over two hundred houses lie in ruins. Fortunately, our government and rescue workers came to our rescue in time, with a number of medical workers and volunteers providing help to us. Not only did I feel the warmth of humanity but I also realized that we can certainly get over the disaster if we can unify. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。美国朋友汤姆从电视新闻上得知考生所在的城市发生了地震，十分担心，要求考生按照要求给汤姆写一封信，告知其相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 担心：be worried about → be anxious about 严重地：seriously → severely 及时：in time → timely 肯定：certainly → undoubtedly 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Knowing you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details. 拓展句：Since I know you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing you are very worried about the earthquake which happened in my city recently, I am writing to tell you some details.（省略引导词that的宾语从句、运用了which引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】However, the earthquake did do some damage to our city, in which six people were killed and more than five hundred were seriously injured.（运用了“介词in+which”引导的非限制性定语从句） 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$