Unit2 七选五精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第三册）

Unit 2 七选五练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 6 Passage 1 6 Passage 2 9 Passage 3 11 拔高篇 13 Passage 1 13 Passage 2 15 Passage 3 18 Passage 4 20 Passage 5 23 Passage 6 25 Passage 7 28 精练篇 Passage 1 How Old Mascara Wands Can Help Wildlife 难度⭐⭐⭐ When injured and orphaned animals are found by wildlife rehabbers (野生动物康复者), they often need baths and can be covered in all sorts of unwanted pests. Opossums, squirrels, rabbits, and owls all need lots of care. 1 . One refuge (庇护所) in North Carolina found an innovative way to use discarded mascara wands (丢弃的睫毛膏刷棒) to clean the coats of these rescued animals. 2 . Appalachian Wildlife Refuge, a nonprofit wildlife sanctuary (庇护所) in North Carolina, began asking people to donate used mascara wands so they can be used to help care for animals. And a nonprofit “Wands for Wildlife” took off in 2017 when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands. “Did you know something as simple as an old mascara wand can help wildlife? 3 . They work great because the bristles (刷毛) are so close together!” she wrote. 4 . Since then, the refuge has received hundreds of thousands of wands from every state in the U.S. and from places around the world. If you'd like to donate, clean old mascara wands in warm, soapy water, then mail them to “Wands for Wildlife”. 5 . Instead, you can help in other ways by collecting them from family and friends, by contributing to the refuge's wish list, or by making a financial donation. A．We use mascara brushes to help remove fly eggs and bugs from the fur of the rescued animals B．The post was shared tens of thousands of times C．It can be painstaking to pick fly eggs and bugs out of the coats of tiny animals as they're being bathed D．The refuge immediately received package after package filled with wands E．If you don't have mascara wands, the refuge asks that you don't buy news ones F．By collecting used wands, we extend the life of a disposable plastic item G．Because the wands make quick work of the task plus it repurposes an item that would've ended up in a landfill 词汇积累 all sorts of 释义：“各种各样的”“形形色色的”，指事物的种类繁多，涵盖不同类型或样式。 示例：The market sells all sorts of fresh fruits and vegetables.（市场上出售各种各样的新鲜水果和蔬菜。） discard 释义：“丢弃”“抛弃”“摒弃”，指因不再需要或认为无用而扔掉某物，或放弃某种想法、习惯。 示例：He discarded the broken phone and bought a new one.（他扔掉了坏掉的手机，买了一部新的。） care for 释义：照顾“照料”：指对某人或某物提供帮助和支持，使其保持健康或良好状态。 喜欢“关心”：指对某人或事物持有喜爱或关切的情感。 示例：She cares for her elderly parents at home.（她在家照顾年迈的父母。） take off 释义：（飞机等）起飞：指交通工具开始升空飞行。 脱下（衣物等）：指将穿戴的衣物、饰品等取下。 突然成功 / 流行：指事业、产品等迅速获得认可或 popularity。 示例：The plane will take off in 10 minutes.（飞机将在 10 分钟后起飞。） He took off his coat and hung it on the rack.（他脱下外套，挂在衣架上。） Her new song took off overnight.（她的新歌一夜之间走红了。） hundreds of thousands of 释义：“数十万的”“成千上万的”，用于形容数量极大，强调规模或数量的庞大。 示例：Hundreds of thousands of people attended the music festival.（数十万民众参加了这个音乐节。） contribute to 释义：“为…… 做贡献”“促成……”“导致”，指通过提供帮助、资源或因素，对某事的发展、结果或成功产生影响。 示例：Regular exercise contributes to better physical health.（定期锻炼有助于改善身体健康。） make a financial donation 释义：“进行财务捐赠”“捐款”，指通过金钱或资产的形式支持某个组织、事业或需要帮助的人。 示例：They made a generous financial donation to the charity.（他们向慈善机构进行了一笔慷慨的捐款。） painstaking 释义：“精心的”“煞费苦心的”“刻苦的”，指做事时非常认真、细致，花费大量时间和精力。 示例：The artist spent months on the painstaking creation of the sculpture.（这位艺术家花了数月时间精心创作这件雕塑。） disposable 释义：一次性的：指使用后即丢弃的，不重复使用的。 可处置的：指可自由支配或处理的。 示例：Disposable chopsticks are convenient but not environmentally friendly.（一次性筷子方便但不环保。） end up 释义：“最终成为”“最终处于（某种状态或地点）”，指经过一系列过程或事件后，最终达到某种结果或状态。 示例：If you don’t plan ahead, you might end up with nothing.（如果你不提前规划，最终可能一无所有。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】 Appalachian Wildlife Refuge, a nonprofit wildlife sanctuary (庇护所) in North Carolina, began asking people to donate used mascara wands so they can be used to help care for animals. 译文 阿巴拉契亚野生动物保护区是北卡罗来纳州的一家非营利性野生动物庇护所，该机构开始呼吁人们捐赠用过的睫毛膏刷，这些刷子可用于帮助照料动物。 翻译要点 (1) 同位语的独立拆分：英文中同位语直接跟在主语后，中文通过 “是……” 结构将其拆分为独立分句（如 “阿巴拉契亚野生动物保护区是…… 庇护所”），先介绍机构背景，再叙述主要动作，符合汉语 “先说明身份，再陈述行为” 的表达习惯。 (2) 动词短语的逻辑衔接：“began asking” 译为 “开始呼吁”，“呼吁” 比 “请求” 更具公开性和主动性，贴合非营利机构的募资语境； “donate” 译为 “捐赠”，明确无偿奉献的性质，与 “used”（二手物品）搭配自然。 (3) 代词指代的显性化：英文 “so they can be used...” 中的 “they” 若直译 “它们” 可能指代不明，中文补充 “这些刷子”，直接对应前文 “睫毛膏刷”，增强语义清晰度。 (4) 专业词汇的准确性：“mascara wands” 译为 “睫毛膏刷”（而非 “睫毛膏魔杖”），“wand” 在此指睫毛膏的刷头，属于美妆工具的专业表述；“care for animals” 译为 “照料动物”，比 “照顾” 更强调专业性和持续性，符合庇护所的工作性质。 分析 该句是一个主谓宾结构的简单句，“Appalachian Wildlife Refuge” 是句子主语，同时其后 “a nonprofit wildlife sanctuary in North Carolina” 作为同位语，对主语进行解释说明，明确其是位于北卡罗来纳州的非营利性野生动物庇护所；“began” 是谓语动词，表示动作的起始；“asking people to donate used mascara wands” 是宾语，其中 “asking” 为动名词，“people” 作 “asking” 的对象宾语，“to donate used mascara wands” 是动词不定式短语作宾语补足语，说明要求人们做的具体事情；“so they can be used to help care for animals” 是目的状语从句，“so” 引导该从句，表明庇护所收集睫毛膏刷的目的，“they” 指代前文的 “used mascara wands”，阐述这些旧睫毛膏刷可用于帮助照顾动物 。 【2】And a nonprofit “Wands for Wildlife” took off in 2017 when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands. 译文 非营利组织 “野生动物魔杖” 于 2017 年兴起，当时野生动物康复师兼庇护所联合创始人萨凡纳特兰瑟姆在其脸书主页上发帖征集用过的睫毛刷。 翻译要点 (1) 机构名称的保留与解释：“Wands for Wildlife” 保留英文原名并加引号，同时译为 “野生动物魔杖”（“魔杖” 呼应 “wands”，并通过引号体现专有名词属性）。 若需进一步解释，可补充 “（致力于利用睫毛刷帮助野生动物的组织）”，但原句语境已足够明确，故省略。 (2) 时间状语从句的拆分：英文中时间状语从句紧跟主句，中文通过 “当时” 引导独立分句（如 “…… 兴起，当时……”），形成 “结果→原因” 的叙事顺序，符合汉语 “先果后因” 的逻辑习惯。 (3) 身份并列的处理：“wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder” 译为 “野生动物康复师兼庇护所联合创始人”，通过 “兼” 字连接双重身份，简洁明了。人名 “Savannah Trantham” 采用音译，保留姓氏尾音 “特兰瑟姆”，符合人名翻译规范。 (4) 伴随状语的动态化：“asking for used wands” 译为 “征集用过的睫毛刷”，将现在分词短语转化为动宾结构（“征集” 为核心动词），强化动作目的性，避免直译 “询问” 导致的语义偏差。 分析 主句主语“a nonprofit ‘Wands for Wildlife’” 明确主体，“nonprofit” 点明组织性质，名称引号突出其特殊性；谓语‘took off’（兴起）形象表达组织的启动与发展态势；时间状语从句‘when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands’解释兴起的时间节点，其中：从句主语“wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham” 通过双重身份（野生动物康复师、庇护所联合创始人）叠加，强调人物专业性与关联性；谓语‘posted’（发布）引出动作，“on her Facebook page” 限定平台，“asking for used wands” 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明发帖目的。 【3】Instead, you can help in other ways by collecting them from family and friends, by contributing to the refuge's wish list, or by making a financial donation. 译文 相反，你可以通过其他方式提供帮助：从家人和朋友那里收集（睫毛刷），为庇护所的愿望清单贡献力量，或进行财务捐赠。 翻译要点 (1) 代词指代的显性化：英文 “collecting them” 中的 “them” 若直译 “它们” 可能模糊，中文补充 “（睫毛刷）” 并加括号，既避免重复，又明确指代对象（可根据上下文省略括号，直接译为 “收集睫毛刷”）。 (2) 并列结构的中文适配：三个 by 短语在英文中是平行结构，中文通过冒号引出并列项，并在每项前使用 “，” 分隔（如 “：从……，为……，或……”），符合汉语列举习惯。末项用 “或” 连接，体现 “任选其一” 的逻辑。 (3) 隐喻表达的保留：“wish list” 译为 “愿望清单”，保留 “愿望” 这一拟人化表达，比 “需求清单” 更具情感温度，契合非营利组织呼吁公众参与的语境。 (4) 动作层级的区分：“collecting”（收集）是具体实物行为；“contributing to”（贡献）是物品捐赠；“making a financial donation”（财务捐赠）是资金支持，三者按 “实物→物品→资金” 的抽象程度递增，逻辑层次清晰。 分析 该句是一个简单句，通过 “instead” 表明替代方案的语义转向，以三个并列的方式状语具体说明帮助途径，结构清晰且具有行动指引性：主语：隐含的 “you”（通过谓语 “can help” 明确动作主体）。谓语：“can help”（能提供帮助），情态动词 “can” 传递可行性，“help” 为核心动作。方式状语：由三个 “by + 动名词短语” 并列构成，形成 “收集 — 捐赠清单 — 捐款” 的递进式帮助路径：“by collecting them from family and friends”：“collecting”（收集）为基础行动，“them” 指代前文的睫毛膏刷，“from family and friends” 扩展收集范围，强调全民参与性。“by contributing to the refuge's wish list”：“contributing to”（贡献于）提升行动层级，“wish list”（愿望清单）具体化需求，暗示庇护所对特定物资的计划性需求。“by making a financial donation”：“making a financial donation”（进行财务捐赠）为最高层级支持，“financial” 明确资金形式，与前两种实物帮助形成互补，覆盖不同援助能力。 翻译练习 1. 每天早上，市场里都摆满了各种各样的新鲜水果和蔬菜。 (all sorts of) The market is filled with all sorts of fresh fruits and vegetables every morning. 2. 正确回收旧电子产品很重要，而不是直接将其丢弃。 (discard) It’s important to properly recycle old electronics instead of simply discarding them. 3. 他一进房间就脱下外套挂在衣架上。(take off) He took off his coat and hung it on the rack as soon as he entered the room. 4. 数十万人参加了这场慈善音乐会，以支持环境保护事业。(hundreds of thousands of) Hundreds of thousands of people attended the charity concert to support environmental protection. 5. 定期锻炼和均衡饮食对改善身体健康有重要作用。 (contribute to) Regular exercise and a balanced diet significantly contribute to better physical health. 6. 这家公司决定进行捐款，帮助地震灾区的受害者。(make a financial donation) The company decided to make a financial donation to help the victims of the earthquake. 7. 这位艺术家花了数月时间精心修复这幅古画。(painstaking) The artist spent months on the painstaking process of restoring the ancient painting. 8. 为减少浪费，许多餐厅正用可重复使用的筷子替代一次性筷子。 (disposable) To reduce waste, many restaurants are replacing disposable chopsticks with reusable ones. 答案解析 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述一个避难所收集二手的睫毛膏棒来帮得到救助的动物做清洁。 1．根据上文“When injured and orphaned animals are found by wildlife rehabbers(野生动物康复者), they often need baths and can be covered in all sorts of unwanted pests.Opossums, squirrels, rabbits, and owls all need lots of care.(当野生动物康复者发现受伤或成为孤儿的动物时，它们通常需要洗澡，并可能被各种有害生物覆盖。负鼠、松鼠、兔子和猫头鹰都需要悉心照料。)”可知，要给受伤或者成为孤儿的动物，清理有害生物。兔子、猫头鹰等动物需要悉心照顾。由此可知，设空处讲述在帮这些动物洗澡时清理它们身上的有害生物。故C项“在小动物洗澡的时候，从它们的皮毛上取下蝇卵和虫子可能会很费劲。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上文“One refuge(庇护所)in North Carolina found an innovative way to use discarded mascara wands(丢弃的睫毛膏刷棒)to clean the coats of these rescued animals.(北卡罗来纳州的一个避难所发现了一种创新的方法，用丢弃的睫毛膏棒清洁这些获救动物的皮毛。)”可知，避难所发现可用丢弃的睫毛膏棒清洁这些动物的皮毛。由此可推断，设空处讲述使用这种方法的原因。G项“因为睫毛膏刷棒能快速完成任务，再加上它能重新定位一个原本会被填埋的物品。”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据上文“And a nonprofit "Wands for Wildlife" took off in 2017 when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands. "Did you know something as simple as an old mascara wand can help wildlife?(2017年，一家非营利组织Wands for Wildlife启动，当时Wildlife Recoverator和保护区联合创始人Savannah Trantham在她的脸书页面上发布帖子，要求购买二手睫毛膏棒。“你知道像旧睫毛膏棒这样简单的东西可以帮助野生动物吗？)”可知，负责人采购二手睫毛膏棒来帮助清洁野生动物。根据这里的问题可知，设空处回答二手睫毛膏棒的用途。A项“我们用睫毛刷帮助去除获救动物皮毛上的蝇卵和虫子。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据后文“Since then, the refuge has received hundreds of thousands of wands from every state in the U.S. and from places around the world.(从那时起，避难所收到了来自美国每个州和世界各地的数十万根睫毛膏棒。)”可知，避难所得到数十万睫毛膏棒。由此可知，设空处谈论的是避难所很快收到装满睫毛膏棒的包裹。故选D。 5．根据上文“If you'd like to donate, clean old mascara wands in warm, soapy water, then mail them to "Wands for Wildlife". (如果你想捐赠，在温水肥皂水中清洗旧睫毛膏棒，然后将它们邮寄到“Wands for Wildlife”。)”可知，这是谈论捐赠的方式和要求。再结合后文“Instead, you can help in other ways by collecting them from family and friends, by contributing to the refuge's wish list, or by making a financial donation.(相反，你可以通过其他方式提供帮助，从家人和朋友那里收集，向避难所的愿望清单捐款，或者捐款。)”可知，设空处谈论的是没有睫毛膏棒也不必买新的，可向家人和朋友收集。故选E。 基础篇 Passage 1 How to Benefit from Volunteering Volunteering is a great benefit to the community. Many nonprofit organizations couldn’t survive without volunteers. However, you may not realize how much it also benefits your life to volunteer, from building up your career to making you healthier and more social. Meet new people. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people and make new friends. You’re introduced to a wide range of people when volunteering. All of these people have the potential to be new friends. Don’t be afraid to strike up a conversation with the people you meet. 1 Strengthen relationships. Another way volunteering can help your social life is to strengthen relationships you already have. 2 You don’t need to do anything special. Just work alongside each other. Volunteer actively to stay healthier. Many volunteer jobs require you to do some physical work, which can help you stay healthier, particularly if you don’t get much exercise otherwise. 3 For instance, volunteer with your parks and recreation department to clean up parks or with Habit for Humanity to build houses. Let yourself feel accomplished. One way that volunteering contributes to a person’s health is that it gives him or her something to feel accomplished. 4 It will help your health because it improves well-being and gives you something to feel good about. 5 You may think that volunteering will make you more stressed because it cuts back on your free time, but most people find just the opposite. Most people feel like they have more time when they volunteer, which in turn, cuts back on stress. A．Feel less stressed. B．The society trains us, so we also need to repay it. C．If you’re volunteering, go ahead and feel valued. D．You never know who is going to be a new friend. E．The key is to get out into your community to help. F．To help your health the most, pick active volunteer jobs. G．When you volunteer with someone you know, you get to know that person better. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做志愿者工作的好处。 1．根据空格前的句子“Don’t be afraid to strike up a conversation with the people you meet.(不要害怕与你遇到的人开始交谈)”可知，作者鼓励和遇到的人交谈，为什么呢？D项“You never know who is going to be a new friend (你永远不知道谁会成为你的新朋友)”给出了答案，上下文构成因果关系。故选D项。 2．第三段的主题句是“Strengthen relationships. (加强关系)”。加强和谁的关系呢？根据下一句可知是加强已有的关系“strengthen relationships you already have”，也就是原来和你就认识的人的关系。所以G项“When you volunteer with someone you know, you get to know that person better. (当你和你认识的人一起做志愿者时，你会更好地了解那个人)”填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。 3．根据上文的“do some physical work”和下文的“For instance, volunteer with your parks and recreation department to clean up parks or with Habit for Humanity to build houses.(例如，与你的公园和娱乐部门一起志愿清理公园，或与Habit for Humanity一起建造房屋)”可知，作者建议做一些需要体力活动的志愿者工作。所以，F项“To help your health the most, pick active volunteer jobs. (为了最大程度地帮助你的健康，选择体力上忙碌的志愿者工作)”符合题意。故选F项。 4．第五段的主题句是“Let yourself feel accomplished. (让自己感到有成就感)”。该段的关键词是“feel accomplished”和“improves well-being and gives you something to feel good about”，这些词和C项中的“feel valued”是对应的，所以C项“If you’re volunteering, go ahead and feel valued. (如果你是志愿者，那就去做吧，感觉到自己被重视)”符合题意。故选C项。 5．空格处的句子是最后一段的主题句。根据空格后的句子“You may think that volunteering will make you more stressed because it cuts back on your free time, but most people find just the opposite. Most people feel like they have more time when they volunteer, which in turn, cuts back on stress. (你可能认为志愿服务会让你更有压力，因为它减少了你的自由时间，但大多数人发现恰恰相反。 大多数人觉得当他们做志愿者时，他们有更多的时间，这反过来也减少了压力。)”可以总结出最后一段的主旨大意：做志愿者工作可以减少你的压力。所以A项“Feel less stressed. (感觉压力小了)”填入空格处，符合题意。故选A项。 Passage 2 Online volunteering We all want to feel part of something, but often not having the time and money can get in the way of us pursuing a dream. 1 It enables you to involve yourself in an important volunteer opportunity overseas, make a genuine contribution and fit it all in with your day-to-day life. 2 You can help a charity with its social media and website to assist with research and data analysis. You can also create learning opportunities for people in poverty. All online volunteering aims to educate you about the importance of your role in the work, and give you an insight into life in a different country and culture. E-volunteering is attractive for many reasons. It is flexible, and allows you to complete your tasks within your own time schedule, You can manage how many hours per week you can devote. You do not have the extra expenses of travelling. 3 You need to be able to do video call to make the most of the opportunities available. Volunteering online is a great way to learn more about volunteering overseas. 4 More and more people are becoming digital volunteers to gain work experience. I earn more about the world and do some good. There is a growing tendency for micro volunteering which prepares remote volunteers well for working in a more digital age. Whoever is interested in contributing your time and skills can become an online volunteer. Remote working is a great volunteer opportunity for those taking a career break, doing a gap year, or living in retirement. 5 A．Remote volunteering is on the rise. B．Online volunteering contributes to our success. C．All you need is a computer with Internet access. D．It could be the first step in your travelling journey. E．Online volunteering is an innovative way. F．There is a lot that you can do to make a difference G．It is open to people of any age, from all walks of life. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何从事网上志愿者服务。 1．根据上文“We all want to feel part of something, but often not having the time and money can get in the way of us pursuing a dream.(我们都想成为某件事的一部分，但往往没有时间和金钱会阻碍我们追求梦想)”以及后文“It enables you to involve yourself in an important volunteer opportunity overseas, make a genuine contribution and fit it all in with your day-to-day life.(它能让你参与一个重要的海外志愿者机会，做出真正的贡献，并将其融入你的日常生活中)”可知，本句起承上启下的作用，前一句讲了追求梦想的限制，后一句讲了online volunteering的好处，后句的it指代online volunteering。故E选项“网络志愿服务是一种创新的方式”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据上文“It enables you to involve yourself in an important volunteer opportunity overseas, make a genuine contribution and fit it all in with your day-to-day life.(它能让你参与一个重要的海外志愿者机会，做出真正的贡献，并将其融入你的日常生活中)”以及后文“You can help a charity with its social media and website to assist with research and data analysis. You can also create learning opportunities for people in poverty.(你可以通过社交媒体和网站帮助慈善机构进行研究和数据分析。你还可以为贫困人口创造学习机会)”可知，本句承接上文说明可以做很多事情改变参加志愿者的方式。且空后面的句子You can help是举例说明F项中There is a lot that you can do。故F选项“你可以做很多事情来改变现状”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据上文“You do not have the extra expenses of travelling.(你没有额外的旅行费用)”以及后文“You need to be able to do video call to make the most of the opportunities available. Volunteering online is a great way to learn more about volunteering overseas.(你需要能够进行视频通话，以充分利用可利用的机会。网上志愿服务是了解更多海外志愿服务的好方法)”可知，本句是在说明通过互联网进行志愿服务，故C选项“你所需要的只是一台能上网的电脑”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“More and more people are becoming digital volunteers to gain work experience. I earn more about the world and do some good. There is a growing tendency for micro volunteering which prepares remote volunteers well for working in a more digital age.(越来越多的人成为数字志愿者来获得工作经验。我对这个世界有了更多的了解，也做了一些好事。微志愿服务正成为一种增长的趋势，它为远程志愿者在更加数字化的时代工作做好了准备)”可知，后文提到了微志愿服务正成为一种增长的趋势，它为远程志愿者在更加数字化的时代工作做好了准备，说明远程志愿活动正在兴起。故A选项“远程志愿活动正在兴起”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“Whoever is interested in contributing your time and skills can become an online volunteer. Remote working is a great volunteer opportunity for those taking a career break, doing a gap year, or living in retirement.(任何有兴趣贡献你的时间和技能的人都可以成为在线志愿者。远程工作对于那些正在经历职业休息、间隔年或退休生活的人来说是一个很好的志愿机会)”可知，上文提到远程工作对于那些正在经历职业休息、间隔年或退休生活的人来说是一个很好的志愿机会，说明远程志愿工作对任何年龄、各行各业的人开放。故G选项“它对任何年龄、各行各业的人开放”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 3 I have collected some examples that should be an inspiration to anyone who desires to be successful. They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder. 1 The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position. Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. 2 Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough! In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films. 3 Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company. Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers. 4 However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire. 5 I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose. Do you agree or disagree with me? A．So, the one thing successful people never do is: Give up! B．In 1923, the business went bankrupt. C．He was greatly depressed. D．Every experience of failure increases the hunger for success. E．The company ran up losses between 1974 and 1980 before it was closed. F．Many factors may affect your success. G．Before the great success came a number of failures. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章通过举例说明了成功人士在成功之前经历过的失败，并强调了失败是成功的垫脚石。 1．根据前文“They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder.(它们表明，如果你想成功，你应该预料到一路上会有失败。我实际上相信失败可以鼓励你继续努力。)”和后文“The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position.(真正成功的人不会被打败，他们对失败负责，从中吸取教训，从一个更强大的位置重新开始。)”可知，每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。选项D“每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据前文“Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. (华特·迪士尼——创造了全球迪斯尼帝国的最伟大的商业领袖之一，包括电影制片厂、主题公园和消费品，但他一开始并不成功。)”和后文“Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough!(信不信由你，沃尔特因为不够有创意而被堪萨斯城星报解雇了！)”可知，沃尔特在取得巨大成功之前并不成功，后文列举了失败的例子。选项G“在取得巨大成功之前经历了许多失败。”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据前文“In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films.(1922年，他创办了第一家公司，名为Laugh-O-Gram。这家位于堪萨斯的公司将制作卡通片和短广告片。)”和后文“Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company.(沃尔特没有放弃，他收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。)”可知，发生了变故，导致沃尔特收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。选项B“1923年，公司破产了。”，从时间上承接1922，相吻合，符合语境。故选B。 4．根据前文“Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers.(微软联合创始人兼董事长比尔·盖茨创办了一家名为Traf-O-Data的公司。他与保罗·艾伦和保罗·吉尔伯特的合作基于一个好主意，但由于商业模式存在缺陷，公司客户很少。)”和后文“However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire.(然而，比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦吸取了教训，避免了那些错误，创建了微软帝国。)”可知，后文提到了“那些错误”，空格处应该继续描述这家公司不好的状态，继而引出后文的“创建了微软帝国”。选项E“公司在1974年至1980年间亏损后关闭。”符合语境。故选E。 5．空格处是最后一段的首句，应该起到总结全文的作用。后文“I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose.(我希望这些能激励和激励每一个渴望成功的人。)”可知，最后一段总结全文列举的成功人士从不放弃的这些例子，对读者进行呼吁。选项A“所以，成功人士从不做的一件事就是：放弃！”符合语境。故选A。 拔高篇 Passage 1 In modern society, many retired people are lonely and lack life purpose while many young people have their own problems. 1 Or they may wish to live independently but be unable to pay the high rents in their area. 2 It involves bringing older and younger people together to support each other. After all, old people represent a huge unused resource: they include retired engineers, doctors, teachers and business people with years of experience. 3 In some projects, retired people help out in primary schools, to hear children read and offer them individual support. Similar projects are run in secondary schools and even universities. Other projects involve sending children and teenagers into old people’s homes on a regular basis to teach them “digital skills”, to entertain them or simply befriend them and listen to their stories and advice. 4 The students can either live rent-free in exchange for household chores (家务杂活) and support for the homeowner, or they can pay a reduced rent in exchange for chatting with the older person regularly and keeping an eye on their health and well-being. Intergenerational volunteering projects have had a truly significant impact on both sides. By bringing together people of different generations and socioeconomic backgrounds, they have built trust, respect and friendship. 5 A．These are important for the structure of society. B．Studies have shown that retired people can still contribute to society. C．Intergenerational volunteering can provide a solution to these problems. D．Volunteering may even help young people discover a new interest or passion for life. E．They may face the challenge of finding a job without work experience or practical skills. F．Elsewhere, there are projects that match university students with wealthy elderly people who have spare rooms. G．Young people, too, have valuable skills to share, most obviously their up-to-date knowledge of technology. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．G 4．F 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了代际志愿服务的目标以及优点。 1．根据上文“In modern society, many retired people are lonely and lack life purpose while many young people have their own problems.(在现代社会，许多退休的人孤独，缺乏生活目标，而许多年轻人有自己的问题)”可知，本句承接上文，说明年轻人所遇到的问题，E选项中They指代上文young people。故E选项“他们可能面临找一份没有工作经验或实际技能的工作的挑战”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据后文“It involves bringing older and younger people together to support each other. After all, old people represent a huge unused resource: they include retired engineers, doctors, teachers and business people with years of experience.(它包括把老年人和年轻人聚集在一起互相支持。毕竟，老年人代表着巨大的未使用资源：他们包括退休的工程师、医生、教师和有多年经验的商界人士)”可知，本段主要介绍了一个解决问题的方案所包含的内容，以及这种解决方案背后的优势所在。故C选项“代际志愿服务可以为这些问题提供解决方案”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“It involves bringing older and younger people together to support each other. After all, old people represent a huge unused resource: they include retired engineers, doctors, teachers and business people with years of experience.(它包括把老年人和年轻人聚集在一起互相支持。毕竟，老年人代表着巨大的未使用资源：他们包括退休的工程师、医生、教师和有多年经验的商界人士)”可知，上文提到了把老年人和年轻人聚集在一起，且分析了老年人的优势，推测本句是在分析年轻人的优势。故G选项“年轻人也有宝贵的技能可以分享，最明显的是他们最新的技术知识”符合语境，故选G。 4．根据后文“The students can either live rent-free in exchange for household chores (家务杂活) and support for the homeowner, or they can pay a reduced rent in exchange for chatting with the older person regularly and keeping an eye on their health and well-being.(学生们可以选择免房租的生活，以换取家务和对房主的支持，或者他们可以减少租金，以换取定期与老人聊天并关注他们的健康和福祉)”可知，后文提到了学生通过和老人聊天来换取免房租的生活，即将大学生和有房子的老人配在一起。故F选项“在其他地方，有一些项目将大学生与有空房的富有老人配对”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“Intergenerational volunteering projects have had a truly significant impact on both sides. By bringing together people of different generations and socioeconomic backgrounds, they have built trust, respect and friendship.(代际志愿服务项目对双方都产生了重大影响。通过将不同世代和不同社会经济背景的人聚集在一起，他们建立了信任、尊重和友谊)”可知，上文提到代际志愿服务项目把不同世代和不同社会经济背景的人聚集在一起，本句为最后一段，说明这一优点所产生的影响，A选项中These指代上文they have built trust, respect and friendship，故A选项“这些对社会结构很重要”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 2 Group volunteer opportunities are multi-person service projects that improve volunteers’ towns, regions, or even the world. 1 , and that will encourage them to contribute to the broader community. Here are some of the best group volunteering ideas. Help the homeless. According to an official report, more than three million individuals are now homeless in North America. 2 . However, you can help the homeless by volunteering. For example, you can partner with a local food bank or a homeless shelter by helping raise money, provide food, or collect donations. 3 . This volunteering idea might be perfect for your team if you have members crazy about planting vegetables. It is a great way to connect with nearby residents and enjoy the great outdoors. Plus, you’ll get to share the fruits of your labor with the whole community. After a backbreaking planting session, there is nothing better than tasting a juicy tomato straight off the vine (藤) with neighbors. Host a community clean-up. Community clean-up events bring people together to improve their environment while strengthening social bonds between neighbors and volunteers. These activities can make the community look beautiful and contribute to a healthier environment. 4 . Gather and donate pet food. Animal-loving groups can take part in a month-long challenge to gather and distribute as much pet food as possible. If you are looking for a way to gather pet food, then visit pet businesses in your neighborhood, or ask for donations from family and friends. 5 , so the team members can clean animals for a bag of pet food in this activity. A．Grow a garden for the community B．Help neighbors do a bit of gardening C．You could also organize a “Pet Wash” D．Unfortunately, many people overlook this situation E．These projects can give teammates a shared purpose F．They also encourage a sense of pride and responsibility among locals G．They are vital for improving the overall confidence of those they serve 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些最好的团体志愿服务的想法。 1．前文“Group volunteer opportunities are multi-person service projects that improve volunteers’ towns, regions, or even the world. (团体志愿者机会是一种多人参与的服务项目，可以改善志愿者所在的城镇、地区甚至是世界)”提到团体志愿者的机会影响广泛，后文“and that will encourage them to contribute to the broader community (这将鼓励他们为更广泛的社区做出贡献)”进一步指出某一群体如何被影响，因此E项“These projects can give teammates a shared purpose (这些项目可以给团队成员一个共同的目标)”符合语境，讨论了这些项目如何影响团队成员，承前启后，其中的These projects指代前文的multi-person service projects，而a shared purpose是后文that指代的对象。故选E。 2．前文“According to an official report, more than three million individuals are now homeless in North America. (根据一份官方报告，现在北美有300多万人无家可归)”提到了北美无家可归的人数量庞大，后文“However, you can help the homeless by volunteering. (然而，你可以通过志愿服务来帮助无家可归的人)”有转折，提到可以志愿帮助无家可归的人，因此D项“Unfortunately, many people overlook this situation (不幸的是，许多人忽视了这种情况)”符合语境，指出无家可归的问题常被忽略，承接前文，和后文构成转折。故选D。 3．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，且需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式；后文“This volunteering idea might be perfect for your team if you have members crazy about planting vegetables. It is a great way to connect with nearby residents and enjoy the great outdoors. Plus, you’ll get to share the fruits of your labor with the whole community. (如果你的团队中有喜欢种菜的成员，那么这个志愿活动的想法可能非常适合你的团队。这是与附近居民联系并享受户外活动的好方法。此外，你还可以与整个社区分享你的劳动成果)”讲的是种植蔬菜和与社区分享劳动成果，这与社区花园有关，因此A项“Grow a garden for the community (为社区种植一个花园)”符合本段主旨，契合后文内容。故选A。 4．前文“Community clean-up events bring people together to improve their environment while strengthening social bonds between neighbors and volunteers. These activities can make the community look beautiful and contribute to a healthier environment. (社区清洁活动将人们聚集在一起改善环境，同时加强邻居和志愿者之间的社会联系。这些活动可以使社区看起来更漂亮，并有助于一个更健康的环境)”讨论了社区清理活动的好处，因此F项“They also encourage a sense of pride and responsibility among locals (它们还能激发当地人的自豪感和责任感)”符合语境，进一步阐述了积极的影响，承接前文。故选F。 5．前文“If you are looking for a way to gather pet food, then visit pet businesses in your neighborhood, or ask for donations from family and friends. (如果你正在寻找一种收集宠物食品的方法，那么就去附近的宠物店看看，或者向家人和朋友索要捐赠)”介绍了收集宠物食品的一种方法；后文“so the team members can clean animals for a bag of pet food in this activity (所以在本次活动中，团队成员可以通过清洁动物获得一袋宠物食物)”指出清洁动物也是获得宠物食物的方法，因此C项“You could also organize a “Pet Wash” (你也可以组织一次‘宠物清洗’)”符合语境，介绍另一个与宠物有关的活动，承接前文，后文是其结果。故选C。 Passage 3 Volunteering is a transformative act that not only benefits individuals but also has a profound impact on communities. 1 : Providing Unmet Needs Volunteers play a crucial role in addressing unmet needs within communities. They step up to fill gaps in services, provide assistance to vulnerable populations, and support community organizations and nonprofits. 2 , whether it’s feeding the homeless, tutoring disadvantaged children, or offering support to the elderly. Inspiring Community Engagement 3 , they are inspired to get involved themselves. Volunteers often share their experiences, raising awareness and motivating others to contribute their time and resources. This increased community engagement leads to a more active and participatory community, where individuals work collectively to address challenges and create positive change. 4 When individuals come together with a common purpose, they create a sense of belonging and unity. Volunteers cooperate with like-minded individuals, forming friendships and networks that extend beyond the volunteering experience. These social connections not only enhance the social fabric of a community but also contribute to increased citizen engagement and a greater sense of collective responsibility. Enhancing Community Health and Happiness Through healthcare initiatives, volunteers provide medical support, health education, and resources to underserved populations. 5 , volunteers contribute to the overall well-being of the community. Additionally, volunteering has been shown to improve mental health, reduce stress, and increase life satisfaction for both volunteers and those who benefit from their efforts. Each act of volunteering contributes to the collective effort of making the world a better place. So, consider becoming a volunteer to give back to your community. A．Strengthening social bonds B．Creating a diverse community C．By addressing social decisive factors of health D．When people witness the impact of volunteering E．Volunteering also provides a platform to learn about different cultures F．The significant effects on communities volunteering brings are as follows G．Volunteers provide essential services that otherwise might not be available 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了志愿服务及其对社区的一些好处和影响。 1．根据前文“Volunteering is a transformative act that not only benefits individuals but also has a profound impact on communities. (志愿服务是一种变革性的行为，不仅有利于个人，而且对社区产生深远的影响。)”可知，此处提到志愿服务对个人和社区都有深远的影响，以及后文的内容列举了志愿服务的具体好处。所以这里需要一个引出下文的过渡句，所以F项“The significant effects on communities volunteering brings are as follows (志愿服务给社区带来的显著影响如下)”符合语境。故选F。 2．空前的“Volunteers play a crucial role in addressing unmet needs within communities. They step up to fill gaps in services, provide assistance to vulnerable populations, and support community organizations and nonprofits. (志愿者在解决社区内未满足的需求方面发挥着至关重要的作用。他们加紧填补服务空白，为弱势群体提供援助，并支持社区组织和非营利组织。)”可知，志愿者填补服务空缺、帮助弱势群体和支持社区组织，后文“whether it’s feeding the homeless, tutoring disadvantaged children, or offering support to the elderly. (无论是为无家可归者提供食物，辅导弱势儿童，还是为老年人提供支持。)”可知，提到了具体的服务活动。所以这里需要一个总结志愿者“提供何种服务”的句子。G项“Volunteers provide essential services that otherwise might not be available (志愿者提供必要的服务，否则可能无法获得)”符合语境，故选G。 3．根据段落小标题“Inspiring Community Engagement (鼓励社区参与)”以及空后的“they are inspired to get involved themselves .(他们会受到鼓舞，自己也参与进来。)”可知，此处是说当人们看到志愿服务的影响时，他们会受到鼓舞，也参与进来。D项“When people witness the impact of volunteering (当人们看到志愿服务的影响时)”符合语境，故选D。 4．空处为段落小标题。根据本段中“When individuals come together with a common purpose, they create a sense of belonging and unity. Volunteers cooperate with like-minded individuals, forming friendships and networks that extend beyond the volunteering experience. These social connections not only enhance the social fabric of a community but also contribute to increased citizen engagement and a greater sense of collective responsibility .(当个人为了共同的目标走到一起时，他们就会产生归属感和团结感。志愿者与志趣相投的人合作，形成了超越志愿经历的友谊和网络。这些社会联系不仅加强了社区的社会结构，而且有助于增加公民参与和增强集体责任感。)”可知，本段的话题是志愿服务如何加强社会联系。A项“Strengthening social bonds (加强社会联系)”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据本段的小标题“Enhancing Community Health and Happiness (增进社区健康和幸福)”以及“Through healthcare initiatives, volunteers provide medical support, health education, and resources to underserved populations. (通过医疗保健倡议，志愿者向服务不足的人群提供医疗支持、健康教育和资源。)”可知，此处跟健康有关。C项“By addressing social decisive factors of health (通过解决健康的社会决定性因素)”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 4 Getting older doesn’t mean we have to stop doing the things that make us feel vital and alive. 1 . The 86-year-old Japanese bodybuilder recently competed in the Japan bodybuilding championship, and beat his own record as the oldest person ever to do so in Japan. Kanazawa began competing seriously at age 20, and won the Japan championship for the first time four years later. At 27, he won his second Mister Japan title, and by the age of 34 he decided he’d had enough, and retired. 2 . The reason he did that was to encourage his wife, as he explains, who had a tendency for ill health. He remembered that nothing had made her happier than when he was winning, and then he decided to continue his training, refine his diet, and start competing again. 3 . He chose to return to meals primarily consisting of rice, fermented soya beans, and miso soup with eggs, and started spending three hours a day in the gym. At 57, Kanazawa won the Masters Championships for body builders aged 40 and above, and he has been a Japan champion a total of 15 times. 4 . Amazingly, he earned his special medal as the oldest competitor. Kanazawa has no plans to retire anytime soon, and hopes to keep competing for at least another four years. He finished second in the 34th edition of the Japan Masters Championships held in Hokkaido in August 2022, and he was invited to the World Championships in November in Spain. “I’m still not anywhere near the finish line. 5 ,” Kanazawa says. A．He quit smoking and cut meat from his diet B．Toshisuke Kanazawa is inspiring proof of just that C．However, he made his comeback before turning 50 D．Toshisuke Kanazawa has no intention of slowing down E．It’s important to keep setting goals no matter how old you are F．He has become the oldest bodybuilder to ever compete in Japan G．In 2016, he achieved sixth place in a competition for bodybuilders over 65 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了86岁日本健美运动员Toshisuke Kanazawa成为日本最年长的健美运动员。 1．根据上文“Getting older doesn’t mean we have to stop doing the things that make us feel vital and alive.(变老并不意味着我们要停止做那些让我们觉得充满活力的事情)”以及后文“The 86-year-old Japanese bodybuilder recently competed in the Japan bodybuilding championship, and beat his own record as the oldest person ever to do so in Japan.(这位86岁的日本健美运动员最近参加了日本健美锦标赛，并打破了自己的纪录，成为日本最年长的健美运动员)”可知，此处提到了日本一个健美运动员，故B选项“Toshisuke Kanazawa就是一个鼓舞人心的例子”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。 2．根据上文“At 27, he won his second Mister Japan title, and by the age of 34 he decided he’d had enough, and retired.(27岁时，他赢得了第二个“日本先生”称号，34岁时，他觉得自己太累了，于是退休了)”以及后文“The reason he did that was to encourage his wife, as he explains, who had a tendency for ill health. He remembered that nothing had made her happier than when he was winning, and then he decided to continue his training, refine his diet, and start competing again.(他这样做的原因是鼓励他的妻子，正如他解释的那样，他的妻子有生病的倾向。他记得没有什么比他获胜时更让她开心的了，于是他决定继续训练，改善饮食，重新开始比赛)”可知，上文提到退休，后文提到重新开始比赛，故本句与上文构成转折，指出他退休后又复出了。故C选项“然而，他在50岁之前复出了”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“. He remembered that nothing had made her happier than when he was winning, and then he decided to continue his training, refine his diet, and start competing again.(他记得没有什么比他获胜时更让她开心的了，于是他决定继续训练，改善饮食，重新开始比赛)”以及后文“He chose to return to meals primarily consisting of rice, fermented soya beans, and miso soup with eggs, and started spending three hours a day in the gym.(他选择回到以米饭、豆豉和蛋味噌汤为主的饮食，并开始每天在健身房花三个小时)”可知，本句主要说明他为了重新比赛，在饮食方面做出的改变。故A选项“他戒了烟，不再吃肉”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“At 57, Kanazawa won the Masters Championships for body builders aged 40 and above, and he has been a Japan champion a total of 15 times.(57岁的Kanazawa赢得了40岁及以上健美运动员大师赛冠军，他总共获得了15次日本冠军)”以及后文“Amazingly, he earned his special medal as the oldest competitor.(令人惊讶的是，他作为年龄最大的选手获得了特别的奖牌)”可知，本段主要说明了Kanazawa取得的成就，且提到了获得特别的奖牌，推测本句是在说明其比赛成绩。故G选项“2016年，他在65岁以上健美运动员比赛中获得第六名”符合语境，故选G。 5．根据上文“Kanazawa has no plans to retire anytime soon, and hopes to keep competing for at least another four years. He finished second in the 34th edition of the Japan Masters Championships held in Hokkaido in August 2022, and he was invited to the World Championships in November in Spain. “I’m still not anywhere near the finish line.( Kanazawa近期没有退役的计划，他希望至少再打四年比赛。他于2022年8月在北海道举行的第34届日本大师赛上获得亚军，并于11月被邀请参加在西班牙举行的世界锦标赛。“我离终点线还很远)”可知，上文提到Kanazawa没有退役打算，且认为自己离终点线还很远，推测Kanazawa还有更多的目标想要实现，本句主要引用他对未来的看法。故E选项“无论你多大了，都要坚持设定目标，这一点很重要”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 5 I have worked for a local charity for many years. I volunteered there as one of the youth group leaders. The job sometimes was tiring. 1 And one of our favorite activities is called “ARK night” — A couple of times a year, on a Sunday night, all kids in the charity went into our community to perform kind acts for others. 2 One group typically goes downtown and hands out sandwiches, water and bread. Another group makes posters and goes to local police and fire stations to say “Thank you”. Our group often visits nursing homes and hospitals. One time, the group I was leading left post-­it notes (便利贴) with positive messages on the cars in a hospital’s parking lot. The hope was that someone who was sad after visiting a patient would be cheered up by our notes. 3 I made the kids write positive messages on the notes. Then we went out to put those notes on cars. After the kids left their notes on the cars, one girl said, “We didn’t see one single person tonight. How will we know our notes made a difference?” I replied, “ 4 ” But actually I wondered about it, too. Would the notes cheer anyone up? But I had to take those kids back before 9:00 p.m. Later I got the answer. On Monday morning I found a post online by a woman. She described her bad luck over the weekend. “But then,” she added, “this morning I found the nicest little note on my car. It made my day.” She included a photo of the note. It was one of our notes! 5 A．Let’s stay here and find out. B．We’ll just have to trust that they did. C．The drivers were surprised by our special notes. D．But I loved working with those little volunteers. E．I smiled and couldn’t wait to tell the kids the good news. F．We had spent the first part of the evening preparing the notes. G．The kids are divided into small groups, with each group having a different task. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．F 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在当地慈善机构做青年小组的组长多年，工作虽累但很喜欢。一次活动中，作者带领的小组在医院停车场汽车上张贴积极信息的便利贴，之后作者看到网上一女子称被车上纸条鼓舞的帖子，非常开心，打算和孩子们分享这份喜悦。 1．前文“I have worked for a local charity for many years. I volunteered there as one of the youth group leaders. The job sometimes was tiring. (我为当地一家慈善机构工作了很多年。我在那里志愿担任青年小组组长之一。这份工作有时很累)”提到自己是慈善机构青年小组组长的身份，指出工作有时很累，后文“And one of our favorite activities is called “ARK night” — A couple of times a year, on a Sunday night, all kids in the charity went into our community to perform kind acts for others. (我们最喜欢的活动之一是“方舟之夜”——每年有几次，在周日晚上，慈善机构的所有孩子都来到我们的社区为别人做善事)”介绍大家最喜欢的一个活动，空处应该涉及转折，表明作者喜欢这份工作，因此D项“But I loved working with those little volunteers. (但我喜欢和这些小志愿者一起工作)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选D。 2．后文“One group typically goes downtown and hands out sandwiches, water and bread. Another group makes posters and goes to local police and fire stations to say “Thank you”. Our group often visits nursing homes and hospitals. (一组人通常会去市中心分发三明治、水和面包。另一组人制作海报，去当地警察局和消防站说“谢谢”。我们小组经常访问养老院和医院)”主要介绍这个慈善机构里不同小组的志愿者们负责的不同任务，空处作为段首句，应该总的指出大家根据分组执行不同的任务，因此G项“The kids are divided into small groups, with each group having a different task. (孩子们被分成几个小组，每个小组都有不同的任务)”符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的groups在后文有同词复现。故选G。 3．前文“The hope was that someone who was sad after visiting a patient would be cheered up by our notes. (我们希望那些在看完病人后感到悲伤的人能从我们的纸条中振作起来)”提到为这些人贴纸条的目的，后文“I made the kids write positive messages on the notes. Then we went out to put those notes on cars. (我让孩子们在纸条上写下积极的信息。然后我们出去把纸条贴在车上)”具体介绍大家做这个任务的过程，空处应该过渡到做任务的过程，可能与准备工作相关，因此F项“We had spent the first part of the evening preparing the notes. (我们花了晚上的前一部分时间准备纸条)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的notes在前后文有同词复现。故选F。 4．前文“After the kids left their notes on the cars, one girl said, “We didn’t see one single person tonight. How will we know our notes made a difference?” I replied (孩子们把纸条留在车上后，一个女孩说：“今晚我们一个人也没看到。我们怎么知道我们的纸条起作用了呢？”我回答说)”提到一个女孩对纸条是否起作用提出疑问，后文“But actually I wondered about it, too. Would the notes cheer anyone up? (但实际上我也很好奇。这些纸条会让人振作起来吗)”包含转折，表明作者也对此有疑问，空处是作者对女孩的疑问的回答，应该是肯定纸条的作用，因此B项“We’ll just have to trust that they did. (我们只能相信它们做到了)”符合语境，承接前文，和后文构成转折，其中的they指代前文提到的our notes。故选B。 5．前文““But then,” she added, “this morning I found the nicest little note on my car. It made my day.” She included a photo of the note. It was one of our notes! (“但后来，”她补充说，“今天早上，我在我的车上发现了一张最漂亮的小纸条。这让我很开心。”她附上了一张纸条的照片。这是我们的纸条之一)”表明有一个女士的确受到了大家贴的纸条的鼓舞，空处作为段末句，应该与作者对此的愉悦心情有关，因此E项“I smiled and couldn’t wait to tell the kids the good news. (我微笑着，迫不及待地告诉孩子们这个好消息)”符合语境，承接前文。故选E。 Passage 6 World Food Day Food brings people together in numerous ways, from family gatherings to first dates. 1 There are a number of activities to get you involved in the celebration! Make a donation to a food bank or charity. One of the best ways to celebrate World Food Day is by giving food to people who need it the most. Most food banks are happy to accept food or money. The sort of food that is in a typical food parcel includes cookies, rice, canned fruit, vegetables, and meat and so on. 2 There are many different ways you can go about this, from fundraising events to sponsored activities. 3 World Food Day might be a great time to understand where food comes from by visiting a local farm or dairy, or even visiting an open kitchen restaurant to see the time and effort that goes into creating such delicious food. Attend a World Food Day event. A number of different events take place on World Food Day, so it is worth looking into these to see if there is anything going on in your local area. This includes everything from concerts and contests to cultural performances, exhibitions, hunger marches, and marathons. There may be nothing going on locally. 4 Learn more about countries around the world. Countries all around the world need help because they are battling starvation, such as Kenya, where a large number of children are going hungry. A lot of different charities work hard to ensure they have the food they need to survive. 5 More than 150 countries participate in it, and there are conferences and different events that happen all around the world. A．Know where food goes. B．Visit a farm or food producer. C．Why not host the event yourself? D．It is also a great time to donate to a charity. E．Why not support these charities to save lives? F．World Food Day celebrates many amazing foods. G．It is worth researching how countries honor this day. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界粮食日的庆祝方式和相关活动。 1．下文“There are a number of activities to get you involved in the celebration!(有许多活动可以让你参与到庆祝中来!)”说明有许多活动可以参与庆祝某个特殊的日子。F选项“World Food Day celebrates many amazing foods.(世界粮食日庆祝许多令人惊叹的食物)”引出话题“世界粮食日”，且“celebrates many amazing foods”与下文“get you involved in the celebration”相呼应，说明世界粮食日是一个值得庆祝的日子，有许多与食物相关的活动可以参与。故选F项。 2．上文“One of the best ways to celebrate World Food Day is by giving food to people who need it the most.(庆祝世界粮食日最好的方法之一就是把食物送给最需要的人)”和下文“There are many different ways you can go about this, from fundraising events to sponsored activities.(你可以通过多种不同的方式来做这件事，从筹款活动到赞助活动)”都提到了为世界粮食日做贡献的方式。D选项“It is also a great time to donate to a charity.(这也是一个向慈善机构捐款的好时机)”承上启下，说明除了直接捐赠食物外，向世界粮食日相关的慈善机构捐款也是一个很好的庆祝方式，且“donate to a charity”与下文“fundraising events to sponsored activities”相呼应。故选D项。 3．根据下文“World Food Day might be a great time to understand where food comes from by visiting a local farm or dairy, or even visiting an open kitchen restaurant to see the time and effort that goes into creating such delicious food.(世界粮食日可能是一个很好的时机，可以通过参观当地的农场或奶制品厂，甚至参观开放式厨房餐厅，了解美味食物背后的时间和精力投入，来了解食物的来源)”可知，此段主要讲参观农场等了解食物来源。B 选项“Visit a farm or food producer.(参观农场或食品生产商)”与下文内容相符，能够概括该段主旨。故选B项。 4．上文“Attend a World Food Day event. A number of different events take place on World Food Day, so it is worth looking into these to see if there is anything going on in your local area.(参加世界粮食日活动。世界粮食日当天会举办许多不同的活动，所以值得去看看你所在地区有没有什么活动)”和“There may be nothing going on locally.(本地可能没有什么活动)”说明了参加世界粮食日活动的情况，并指出本地可能没有相关活动。C选项“Why not host the event yourself?(为什么不自己举办这个活动呢?)”提出了一个建议，即如果本地没有相关活动，可以自己举办，与上文形成逻辑上的衔接。故选C项。 5．下文“More than 150 countries participate in it, and there are conferences and different events that happen all around the world.(超过 150 个国家参与其中，世界各地都有会议和不同的活动)”介绍了 150 个国家参与世界粮食日的庆祝活动，G 选项“It is worth researching how countries honor this day.(研究各国如何纪念这一天是值得的)”引出下文各国参与世界粮食日相关活动的内容，同时照应本段主题句“Learn more about countries around the world.(了解更多关于世界各国的信息)”。故选G项 。 Passage 7 With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. 1 Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes and the community. But the benefits can be even greater for the volunteers. 2 Older adults, especially those who have retired, can find new meanings and directions in their lives by helping others. Whatever your age or life situation, volunteering can help take your mind off your own worries, keep you mentally stimulated, and add more passion to your life. Volunteering helps counteract (抵消) the effects of stress, anger and anxiety. 3 Nothing relieves stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals has also been shown to improve mood and reduce stress and anxiety. Volunteering increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. 4 Volunteering increases self-confidence. You are doing good for others and the community, which provides a natural sense of accomplishment. 5 And the better you feel about yourself, the more likely you are to have a positive view of your life and future goals. A．Volunteering provides a sense of purpose. B．Volunteering helps you stay physically healthy. C．It will be easier to make more friends by volunteering. D．However, the benefits of volunteering can be enormous. E．It is a fun and easy way to explore your interests and passions. F．Your role as a volunteer can also give you a sense of pride and identity. G．Helping others can have a huge effect on your psychological well-being. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做志愿活动给志愿者带来的好处。 1．根据上文“With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer.(在忙碌的生活中，很难找到时间去做志愿者)”以及后文“Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes and the community.(志愿服务为有需要的人、有价值的事业和社区提供了至关重要的帮助)”可知，该空与上句是转折关系，旨在说明志愿活动的好处。故D项“然而，志愿活动的好处可能会很多”符合。故选D。 2．根据本段“Older adults, especially those who have retired, can find new meanings and directions in their lives by helping others. Whatever your age or life situation, volunteering can help take your mind off your own worries, keep you mentally stimulated, and add more passion to your life.(老年人，特别是那些已经退休的人，可以通过帮助别人找到生活的新意义和方向。无论你的年龄或生活状况如何，志愿活动都可以帮助你摆脱烦恼，保持精神上的刺激，并为你的生活增添更多的激情)”可知，本段主要说明了志愿活动可以提供新意义和方向，为你的生活增添更多的激情，本句为本段主旨句，总结志愿活动提供了目标感。故A项“志愿活动提供了一种目标感”符合。故选A。 3．根据该段小标题“Volunteering helps counteract (抵消) the effects of stress, anger and anxiety.(志愿活动有助于抵消压力、愤怒和焦虑的影响)”以及后文“Nothing relieves stress better than a meaningful connection to another person.(没有什么比与另一个人建立有意义的联系更能缓解压力了)”可知，本句主要说明志愿活动有助于和他人建立联系，从而有助于心理健康。故G项“帮助他人会对你的心理健康产生深远的影响”符合。故选G。 4．根据小标题“Volunteering increases your social and relationship skills.(志愿活动可以提高你的社交和人际关系技能)”以及上文“Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests.(志愿活动给了你练习和发展社交技能的机会，因为你经常和一群有共同兴趣的人见面)”可知，本段主要说明了志愿活动有助于社交，即可以通过志愿活动交朋友，故C项“通过志愿活动，很容易交更多的朋友”符合。故选C。 5．根据该段小标题“Volunteering increases self-confidence.(志愿活动可以增强自信)”以及上文“You are doing good for others and the community, which provides a natural sense of accomplishment.(你在为他人和社区做好事，这提供了一种自然的成就感)”可知，上文提到了志愿活动提供成就感，本句承接上文，说明志愿者角色所带来的影响，故F项“作为志愿者，你的角色也会让你有一种自豪和认同感”符合。故选F。 $$ Unit 2 七选五练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 7 Passage 1 7 Passage 2 8 Passage 3 9 拔高篇 10 Passage 1 10 Passage 2 11 Passage 3 12 Passage 4 13 Passage 5 14 Passage 6 15 Passage 7 16 精练篇 Passage 1 How Old Mascara Wands Can Help Wildlife 难度⭐⭐⭐ When injured and orphaned animals are found by wildlife rehabbers (野生动物康复者), they often need baths and can be covered in all sorts of unwanted pests. Opossums, squirrels, rabbits, and owls all need lots of care. 1 . One refuge (庇护所) in North Carolina found an innovative way to use discarded mascara wands (丢弃的睫毛膏刷棒) to clean the coats of these rescued animals. 2 . Appalachian Wildlife Refuge, a nonprofit wildlife sanctuary (庇护所) in North Carolina, began asking people to donate used mascara wands so they can be used to help care for animals. And a nonprofit “Wands for Wildlife” took off in 2017 when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands. “Did you know something as simple as an old mascara wand can help wildlife? 3 . They work great because the bristles (刷毛) are so close together!” she wrote. 4 . Since then, the refuge has received hundreds of thousands of wands from every state in the U.S. and from places around the world. If you'd like to donate, clean old mascara wands in warm, soapy water, then mail them to “Wands for Wildlife”. 5 . Instead, you can help in other ways by collecting them from family and friends, by contributing to the refuge's wish list, or by making a financial donation. A．We use mascara brushes to help remove fly eggs and bugs from the fur of the rescued animals B．The post was shared tens of thousands of times C．It can be painstaking to pick fly eggs and bugs out of the coats of tiny animals as they're being bathed D．The refuge immediately received package after package filled with wands E．If you don't have mascara wands, the refuge asks that you don't buy news ones F．By collecting used wands, we extend the life of a disposable plastic item G．Because the wands make quick work of the task plus it repurposes an item that would've ended up in a landfill 词汇积累 all sorts of 释义：“各种各样的”“形形色色的”，指事物的种类繁多，涵盖不同类型或样式。 示例：The market sells all sorts of fresh fruits and vegetables.（市场上出售各种各样的新鲜水果和蔬菜。） discard 释义：“丢弃”“抛弃”“摒弃”，指因不再需要或认为无用而扔掉某物，或放弃某种想法、习惯。 示例：He discarded the broken phone and bought a new one.（他扔掉了坏掉的手机，买了一部新的。） care for 释义：照顾“照料”：指对某人或某物提供帮助和支持，使其保持健康或良好状态。 喜欢“关心”：指对某人或事物持有喜爱或关切的情感。 示例：She cares for her elderly parents at home.（她在家照顾年迈的父母。） take off 释义：（飞机等）起飞：指交通工具开始升空飞行。 脱下（衣物等）：指将穿戴的衣物、饰品等取下。 突然成功 / 流行：指事业、产品等迅速获得认可或 popularity。 示例：The plane will take off in 10 minutes.（飞机将在 10 分钟后起飞。） He took off his coat and hung it on the rack.（他脱下外套，挂在衣架上。） Her new song took off overnight.（她的新歌一夜之间走红了。） hundreds of thousands of 释义：“数十万的”“成千上万的”，用于形容数量极大，强调规模或数量的庞大。 示例：Hundreds of thousands of people attended the music festival.（数十万民众参加了这个音乐节。） contribute to 释义：“为…… 做贡献”“促成……”“导致”，指通过提供帮助、资源或因素，对某事的发展、结果或成功产生影响。 示例：Regular exercise contributes to better physical health.（定期锻炼有助于改善身体健康。） make a financial donation 释义：“进行财务捐赠”“捐款”，指通过金钱或资产的形式支持某个组织、事业或需要帮助的人。 示例：They made a generous financial donation to the charity.（他们向慈善机构进行了一笔慷慨的捐款。） painstaking 释义：“精心的”“煞费苦心的”“刻苦的”，指做事时非常认真、细致，花费大量时间和精力。 示例：The artist spent months on the painstaking creation of the sculpture.（这位艺术家花了数月时间精心创作这件雕塑。） disposable 释义：一次性的：指使用后即丢弃的，不重复使用的。 可处置的：指可自由支配或处理的。 示例：Disposable chopsticks are convenient but not environmentally friendly.（一次性筷子方便但不环保。） end up 释义：“最终成为”“最终处于（某种状态或地点）”，指经过一系列过程或事件后，最终达到某种结果或状态。 示例：If you don’t plan ahead, you might end up with nothing.（如果你不提前规划，最终可能一无所有。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】 Appalachian Wildlife Refuge, a nonprofit wildlife sanctuary (庇护所) in North Carolina, began asking people to donate used mascara wands so they can be used to help care for animals. 译文 阿巴拉契亚野生动物保护区是北卡罗来纳州的一家非营利性野生动物庇护所，该机构开始呼吁人们捐赠用过的睫毛膏刷，这些刷子可用于帮助照料动物。 翻译要点 (1) 同位语的独立拆分：英文中同位语直接跟在主语后，中文通过 “是……” 结构将其拆分为独立分句（如 “阿巴拉契亚野生动物保护区是…… 庇护所”），先介绍机构背景，再叙述主要动作，符合汉语 “先说明身份，再陈述行为” 的表达习惯。 (2) 动词短语的逻辑衔接：“began asking” 译为 “开始呼吁”，“呼吁” 比 “请求” 更具公开性和主动性，贴合非营利机构的募资语境； “donate” 译为 “捐赠”，明确无偿奉献的性质，与 “used”（二手物品）搭配自然。 (3) 代词指代的显性化：英文 “so they can be used...” 中的 “they” 若直译 “它们” 可能指代不明，中文补充 “这些刷子”，直接对应前文 “睫毛膏刷”，增强语义清晰度。 (4) 专业词汇的准确性：“mascara wands” 译为 “睫毛膏刷”（而非 “睫毛膏魔杖”），“wand” 在此指睫毛膏的刷头，属于美妆工具的专业表述；“care for animals” 译为 “照料动物”，比 “照顾” 更强调专业性和持续性，符合庇护所的工作性质。 分析 该句是一个主谓宾结构的简单句，“Appalachian Wildlife Refuge” 是句子主语，同时其后 “a nonprofit wildlife sanctuary in North Carolina” 作为同位语，对主语进行解释说明，明确其是位于北卡罗来纳州的非营利性野生动物庇护所；“began” 是谓语动词，表示动作的起始；“asking people to donate used mascara wands” 是宾语，其中 “asking” 为动名词，“people” 作 “asking” 的对象宾语，“to donate used mascara wands” 是动词不定式短语作宾语补足语，说明要求人们做的具体事情；“so they can be used to help care for animals” 是目的状语从句，“so” 引导该从句，表明庇护所收集睫毛膏刷的目的，“they” 指代前文的 “used mascara wands”，阐述这些旧睫毛膏刷可用于帮助照顾动物 。 【2】And a nonprofit “Wands for Wildlife” took off in 2017 when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands. 译文 非营利组织 “野生动物魔杖” 于 2017 年兴起，当时野生动物康复师兼庇护所联合创始人萨凡纳特兰瑟姆在其脸书主页上发帖征集用过的睫毛刷。 翻译要点 (1) 机构名称的保留与解释：“Wands for Wildlife” 保留英文原名并加引号，同时译为 “野生动物魔杖”（“魔杖” 呼应 “wands”，并通过引号体现专有名词属性）。 若需进一步解释，可补充 “（致力于利用睫毛刷帮助野生动物的组织）”，但原句语境已足够明确，故省略。 (2) 时间状语从句的拆分：英文中时间状语从句紧跟主句，中文通过 “当时” 引导独立分句（如 “…… 兴起，当时……”），形成 “结果→原因” 的叙事顺序，符合汉语 “先果后因” 的逻辑习惯。 (3) 身份并列的处理：“wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder” 译为 “野生动物康复师兼庇护所联合创始人”，通过 “兼” 字连接双重身份，简洁明了。人名 “Savannah Trantham” 采用音译，保留姓氏尾音 “特兰瑟姆”，符合人名翻译规范。 (4) 伴随状语的动态化：“asking for used wands” 译为 “征集用过的睫毛刷”，将现在分词短语转化为动宾结构（“征集” 为核心动词），强化动作目的性，避免直译 “询问” 导致的语义偏差。 分析 主句主语“a nonprofit ‘Wands for Wildlife’” 明确主体，“nonprofit” 点明组织性质，名称引号突出其特殊性；谓语‘took off’（兴起）形象表达组织的启动与发展态势；时间状语从句‘when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands’解释兴起的时间节点，其中：从句主语“wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham” 通过双重身份（野生动物康复师、庇护所联合创始人）叠加，强调人物专业性与关联性；谓语‘posted’（发布）引出动作，“on her Facebook page” 限定平台，“asking for used wands” 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明发帖目的。 【3】Instead, you can help in other ways by collecting them from family and friends, by contributing to the refuge's wish list, or by making a financial donation. 译文 相反，你可以通过其他方式提供帮助：从家人和朋友那里收集（睫毛刷），为庇护所的愿望清单贡献力量，或进行财务捐赠。 翻译要点 (1) 代词指代的显性化：英文 “collecting them” 中的 “them” 若直译 “它们” 可能模糊，中文补充 “（睫毛刷）” 并加括号，既避免重复，又明确指代对象（可根据上下文省略括号，直接译为 “收集睫毛刷”）。 (2) 并列结构的中文适配：三个 by 短语在英文中是平行结构，中文通过冒号引出并列项，并在每项前使用 “，” 分隔（如 “：从……，为……，或……”），符合汉语列举习惯。末项用 “或” 连接，体现 “任选其一” 的逻辑。 (3) 隐喻表达的保留：“wish list” 译为 “愿望清单”，保留 “愿望” 这一拟人化表达，比 “需求清单” 更具情感温度，契合非营利组织呼吁公众参与的语境。 (4) 动作层级的区分：“collecting”（收集）是具体实物行为；“contributing to”（贡献）是物品捐赠；“making a financial donation”（财务捐赠）是资金支持，三者按 “实物→物品→资金” 的抽象程度递增，逻辑层次清晰。 分析 该句是一个简单句，通过 “instead” 表明替代方案的语义转向，以三个并列的方式状语具体说明帮助途径，结构清晰且具有行动指引性：主语：隐含的 “you”（通过谓语 “can help” 明确动作主体）。谓语：“can help”（能提供帮助），情态动词 “can” 传递可行性，“help” 为核心动作。方式状语：由三个 “by + 动名词短语” 并列构成，形成 “收集 — 捐赠清单 — 捐款” 的递进式帮助路径：“by collecting them from family and friends”：“collecting”（收集）为基础行动，“them” 指代前文的睫毛膏刷，“from family and friends” 扩展收集范围，强调全民参与性。“by contributing to the refuge's wish list”：“contributing to”（贡献于）提升行动层级，“wish list”（愿望清单）具体化需求，暗示庇护所对特定物资的计划性需求。“by making a financial donation”：“making a financial donation”（进行财务捐赠）为最高层级支持，“financial” 明确资金形式，与前两种实物帮助形成互补，覆盖不同援助能力。 翻译练习 1. 每天早上，市场里都摆满了各种各样的新鲜水果和蔬菜。 (all sorts of) 2. 正确回收旧电子产品很重要，而不是直接将其丢弃。 (discard) 3. 他一进房间就脱下外套挂在衣架上。(take off) 4. 数十万人参加了这场慈善音乐会，以支持环境保护事业。(hundreds of thousands of) 5. 定期锻炼和均衡饮食对改善身体健康有重要作用。 (contribute to) 6. 这家公司决定进行捐款，帮助地震灾区的受害者。(make a financial donation) 7. 这位艺术家花了数月时间精心修复这幅古画。(painstaking) 8. 为减少浪费，许多餐厅正用可重复使用的筷子替代一次性筷子。 (disposable) 答案解析 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述一个避难所收集二手的睫毛膏棒来帮得到救助的动物做清洁。 1．根据上文“When injured and orphaned animals are found by wildlife rehabbers(野生动物康复者), they often need baths and can be covered in all sorts of unwanted pests.Opossums, squirrels, rabbits, and owls all need lots of care.(当野生动物康复者发现受伤或成为孤儿的动物时，它们通常需要洗澡，并可能被各种有害生物覆盖。负鼠、松鼠、兔子和猫头鹰都需要悉心照料。)”可知，要给受伤或者成为孤儿的动物，清理有害生物。兔子、猫头鹰等动物需要悉心照顾。由此可知，设空处讲述在帮这些动物洗澡时清理它们身上的有害生物。故C项“在小动物洗澡的时候，从它们的皮毛上取下蝇卵和虫子可能会很费劲。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上文“One refuge(庇护所)in North Carolina found an innovative way to use discarded mascara wands(丢弃的睫毛膏刷棒)to clean the coats of these rescued animals.(北卡罗来纳州的一个避难所发现了一种创新的方法，用丢弃的睫毛膏棒清洁这些获救动物的皮毛。)”可知，避难所发现可用丢弃的睫毛膏棒清洁这些动物的皮毛。由此可推断，设空处讲述使用这种方法的原因。G项“因为睫毛膏刷棒能快速完成任务，再加上它能重新定位一个原本会被填埋的物品。”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据上文“And a nonprofit "Wands for Wildlife" took off in 2017 when wildlife rehabilitator and the refuge's co-founder Savannah Trantham posted on her Facebook page asking for used wands. "Did you know something as simple as an old mascara wand can help wildlife?(2017年，一家非营利组织Wands for Wildlife启动，当时Wildlife Recoverator和保护区联合创始人Savannah Trantham在她的脸书页面上发布帖子，要求购买二手睫毛膏棒。“你知道像旧睫毛膏棒这样简单的东西可以帮助野生动物吗？)”可知，负责人采购二手睫毛膏棒来帮助清洁野生动物。根据这里的问题可知，设空处回答二手睫毛膏棒的用途。A项“我们用睫毛刷帮助去除获救动物皮毛上的蝇卵和虫子。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据后文“Since then, the refuge has received hundreds of thousands of wands from every state in the U.S. and from places around the world.(从那时起，避难所收到了来自美国每个州和世界各地的数十万根睫毛膏棒。)”可知，避难所得到数十万睫毛膏棒。由此可知，设空处谈论的是避难所很快收到装满睫毛膏棒的包裹。故选D。 5．根据上文“If you'd like to donate, clean old mascara wands in warm, soapy water, then mail them to "Wands for Wildlife". (如果你想捐赠，在温水肥皂水中清洗旧睫毛膏棒，然后将它们邮寄到“Wands for Wildlife”。)”可知，这是谈论捐赠的方式和要求。再结合后文“Instead, you can help in other ways by collecting them from family and friends, by contributing to the refuge's wish list, or by making a financial donation.(相反，你可以通过其他方式提供帮助，从家人和朋友那里收集，向避难所的愿望清单捐款，或者捐款。)”可知，设空处谈论的是没有睫毛膏棒也不必买新的，可向家人和朋友收集。故选E。 基础篇 Passage 1 How to Benefit from Volunteering Volunteering is a great benefit to the community. Many nonprofit organizations couldn’t survive without volunteers. However, you may not realize how much it also benefits your life to volunteer, from building up your career to making you healthier and more social. Meet new people. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people and make new friends. You’re introduced to a wide range of people when volunteering. All of these people have the potential to be new friends. Don’t be afraid to strike up a conversation with the people you meet. 1 Strengthen relationships. Another way volunteering can help your social life is to strengthen relationships you already have. 2 You don’t need to do anything special. Just work alongside each other. Volunteer actively to stay healthier. Many volunteer jobs require you to do some physical work, which can help you stay healthier, particularly if you don’t get much exercise otherwise. 3 For instance, volunteer with your parks and recreation department to clean up parks or with Habit for Humanity to build houses. Let yourself feel accomplished. One way that volunteering contributes to a person’s health is that it gives him or her something to feel accomplished. 4 It will help your health because it improves well-being and gives you something to feel good about. 5 You may think that volunteering will make you more stressed because it cuts back on your free time, but most people find just the opposite. Most people feel like they have more time when they volunteer, which in turn, cuts back on stress. A．Feel less stressed. B．The society trains us, so we also need to repay it. C．If you’re volunteering, go ahead and feel valued. D．You never know who is going to be a new friend. E．The key is to get out into your community to help. F．To help your health the most, pick active volunteer jobs. G．When you volunteer with someone you know, you get to know that person better. Passage 2 Online volunteering We all want to feel part of something, but often not having the time and money can get in the way of us pursuing a dream. 1 It enables you to involve yourself in an important volunteer opportunity overseas, make a genuine contribution and fit it all in with your day-to-day life. 2 You can help a charity with its social media and website to assist with research and data analysis. You can also create learning opportunities for people in poverty. All online volunteering aims to educate you about the importance of your role in the work, and give you an insight into life in a different country and culture. E-volunteering is attractive for many reasons. It is flexible, and allows you to complete your tasks within your own time schedule, You can manage how many hours per week you can devote. You do not have the extra expenses of travelling. 3 You need to be able to do video call to make the most of the opportunities available. Volunteering online is a great way to learn more about volunteering overseas. 4 More and more people are becoming digital volunteers to gain work experience. I earn more about the world and do some good. There is a growing tendency for micro volunteering which prepares remote volunteers well for working in a more digital age. Whoever is interested in contributing your time and skills can become an online volunteer. Remote working is a great volunteer opportunity for those taking a career break, doing a gap year, or living in retirement. 5 A．Remote volunteering is on the rise. B．Online volunteering contributes to our success. C．All you need is a computer with Internet access. D．It could be the first step in your travelling journey. E．Online volunteering is an innovative way. F．There is a lot that you can do to make a difference G．It is open to people of any age, from all walks of life. Passage 3 I have collected some examples that should be an inspiration to anyone who desires to be successful. They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder. 1 The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position. Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. 2 Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough! In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films. 3 Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company. Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers. 4 However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire. 5 I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose. Do you agree or disagree with me? A．So, the one thing successful people never do is: Give up! B．In 1923, the business went bankrupt. C．He was greatly depressed. D．Every experience of failure increases the hunger for success. E．The company ran up losses between 1974 and 1980 before it was closed. F．Many factors may affect your success. G．Before the great success came a number of failures. 拔高篇 Passage 1 In modern society, many retired people are lonely and lack life purpose while many young people have their own problems. 1 Or they may wish to live independently but be unable to pay the high rents in their area. 2 It involves bringing older and younger people together to support each other. After all, old people represent a huge unused resource: they include retired engineers, doctors, teachers and business people with years of experience. 3 In some projects, retired people help out in primary schools, to hear children read and offer them individual support. Similar projects are run in secondary schools and even universities. Other projects involve sending children and teenagers into old people’s homes on a regular basis to teach them “digital skills”, to entertain them or simply befriend them and listen to their stories and advice. 4 The students can either live rent-free in exchange for household chores (家务杂活) and support for the homeowner, or they can pay a reduced rent in exchange for chatting with the older person regularly and keeping an eye on their health and well-being. Intergenerational volunteering projects have had a truly significant impact on both sides. By bringing together people of different generations and socioeconomic backgrounds, they have built trust, respect and friendship. 5 A．These are important for the structure of society. B．Studies have shown that retired people can still contribute to society. C．Intergenerational volunteering can provide a solution to these problems. D．Volunteering may even help young people discover a new interest or passion for life. E．They may face the challenge of finding a job without work experience or practical skills. F．Elsewhere, there are projects that match university students with wealthy elderly people who have spare rooms. G．Young people, too, have valuable skills to share, most obviously their up-to-date knowledge of technology. Passage 2 Group volunteer opportunities are multi-person service projects that improve volunteers’ towns, regions, or even the world. 1 , and that will encourage them to contribute to the broader community. Here are some of the best group volunteering ideas. Help the homeless. According to an official report, more than three million individuals are now homeless in North America. 2 . However, you can help the homeless by volunteering. For example, you can partner with a local food bank or a homeless shelter by helping raise money, provide food, or collect donations. 3 . This volunteering idea might be perfect for your team if you have members crazy about planting vegetables. It is a great way to connect with nearby residents and enjoy the great outdoors. Plus, you’ll get to share the fruits of your labor with the whole community. After a backbreaking planting session, there is nothing better than tasting a juicy tomato straight off the vine (藤) with neighbors. Host a community clean-up. Community clean-up events bring people together to improve their environment while strengthening social bonds between neighbors and volunteers. These activities can make the community look beautiful and contribute to a healthier environment. 4 . Gather and donate pet food. Animal-loving groups can take part in a month-long challenge to gather and distribute as much pet food as possible. If you are looking for a way to gather pet food, then visit pet businesses in your neighborhood, or ask for donations from family and friends. 5 , so the team members can clean animals for a bag of pet food in this activity. A．Grow a garden for the community B．Help neighbors do a bit of gardening C．You could also organize a “Pet Wash” D．Unfortunately, many people overlook this situation E．These projects can give teammates a shared purpose F．They also encourage a sense of pride and responsibility among locals G．They are vital for improving the overall confidence of those they serve Passage 3 Volunteering is a transformative act that not only benefits individuals but also has a profound impact on communities. 1 : Providing Unmet Needs Volunteers play a crucial role in addressing unmet needs within communities. They step up to fill gaps in services, provide assistance to vulnerable populations, and support community organizations and nonprofits. 2 , whether it’s feeding the homeless, tutoring disadvantaged children, or offering support to the elderly. Inspiring Community Engagement 3 , they are inspired to get involved themselves. Volunteers often share their experiences, raising awareness and motivating others to contribute their time and resources. This increased community engagement leads to a more active and participatory community, where individuals work collectively to address challenges and create positive change. 4 When individuals come together with a common purpose, they create a sense of belonging and unity. Volunteers cooperate with like-minded individuals, forming friendships and networks that extend beyond the volunteering experience. These social connections not only enhance the social fabric of a community but also contribute to increased citizen engagement and a greater sense of collective responsibility. Enhancing Community Health and Happiness Through healthcare initiatives, volunteers provide medical support, health education, and resources to underserved populations. 5 , volunteers contribute to the overall well-being of the community. Additionally, volunteering has been shown to improve mental health, reduce stress, and increase life satisfaction for both volunteers and those who benefit from their efforts. Each act of volunteering contributes to the collective effort of making the world a better place. So, consider becoming a volunteer to give back to your community. A．Strengthening social bonds B．Creating a diverse community C．By addressing social decisive factors of health D．When people witness the impact of volunteering E．Volunteering also provides a platform to learn about different cultures F．The significant effects on communities volunteering brings are as follows G．Volunteers provide essential services that otherwise might not be available Passage 4 Getting older doesn’t mean we have to stop doing the things that make us feel vital and alive. 1 . The 86-year-old Japanese bodybuilder recently competed in the Japan bodybuilding championship, and beat his own record as the oldest person ever to do so in Japan. Kanazawa began competing seriously at age 20, and won the Japan championship for the first time four years later. At 27, he won his second Mister Japan title, and by the age of 34 he decided he’d had enough, and retired. 2 . The reason he did that was to encourage his wife, as he explains, who had a tendency for ill health. He remembered that nothing had made her happier than when he was winning, and then he decided to continue his training, refine his diet, and start competing again. 3 . He chose to return to meals primarily consisting of rice, fermented soya beans, and miso soup with eggs, and started spending three hours a day in the gym. At 57, Kanazawa won the Masters Championships for body builders aged 40 and above, and he has been a Japan champion a total of 15 times. 4 . Amazingly, he earned his special medal as the oldest competitor. Kanazawa has no plans to retire anytime soon, and hopes to keep competing for at least another four years. He finished second in the 34th edition of the Japan Masters Championships held in Hokkaido in August 2022, and he was invited to the World Championships in November in Spain. “I’m still not anywhere near the finish line. 5 ,” Kanazawa says. A．He quit smoking and cut meat from his diet B．Toshisuke Kanazawa is inspiring proof of just that C．However, he made his comeback before turning 50 D．Toshisuke Kanazawa has no intention of slowing down E．It’s important to keep setting goals no matter how old you are F．He has become the oldest bodybuilder to ever compete in Japan G．In 2016, he achieved sixth place in a competition for bodybuilders over 65 Passage 5 I have worked for a local charity for many years. I volunteered there as one of the youth group leaders. The job sometimes was tiring. 1 And one of our favorite activities is called “ARK night” — A couple of times a year, on a Sunday night, all kids in the charity went into our community to perform kind acts for others. 2 One group typically goes downtown and hands out sandwiches, water and bread. Another group makes posters and goes to local police and fire stations to say “Thank you”. Our group often visits nursing homes and hospitals. One time, the group I was leading left post-­it notes (便利贴) with positive messages on the cars in a hospital’s parking lot. The hope was that someone who was sad after visiting a patient would be cheered up by our notes. 3 I made the kids write positive messages on the notes. Then we went out to put those notes on cars. After the kids left their notes on the cars, one girl said, “We didn’t see one single person tonight. How will we know our notes made a difference?” I replied, “ 4 ” But actually I wondered about it, too. Would the notes cheer anyone up? But I had to take those kids back before 9:00 p.m. Later I got the answer. On Monday morning I found a post online by a woman. She described her bad luck over the weekend. “But then,” she added, “this morning I found the nicest little note on my car. It made my day.” She included a photo of the note. It was one of our notes! 5 A．Let’s stay here and find out. B．We’ll just have to trust that they did. C．The drivers were surprised by our special notes. D．But I loved working with those little volunteers. E．I smiled and couldn’t wait to tell the kids the good news. F．We had spent the first part of the evening preparing the notes. G．The kids are divided into small groups, with each group having a different task. Passage 6 World Food Day Food brings people together in numerous ways, from family gatherings to first dates. 1 There are a number of activities to get you involved in the celebration! Make a donation to a food bank or charity. One of the best ways to celebrate World Food Day is by giving food to people who need it the most. Most food banks are happy to accept food or money. The sort of food that is in a typical food parcel includes cookies, rice, canned fruit, vegetables, and meat and so on. 2 There are many different ways you can go about this, from fundraising events to sponsored activities. 3 World Food Day might be a great time to understand where food comes from by visiting a local farm or dairy, or even visiting an open kitchen restaurant to see the time and effort that goes into creating such delicious food. Attend a World Food Day event. A number of different events take place on World Food Day, so it is worth looking into these to see if there is anything going on in your local area. This includes everything from concerts and contests to cultural performances, exhibitions, hunger marches, and marathons. There may be nothing going on locally. 4 Learn more about countries around the world. Countries all around the world need help because they are battling starvation, such as Kenya, where a large number of children are going hungry. A lot of different charities work hard to ensure they have the food they need to survive. 5 More than 150 countries participate in it, and there are conferences and different events that happen all around the world. A．Know where food goes. B．Visit a farm or food producer. C．Why not host the event yourself? D．It is also a great time to donate to a charity. E．Why not support these charities to save lives? F．World Food Day celebrates many amazing foods. G．It is worth researching how countries honor this day. Passage 7 With busy lives, it can be hard to find time to volunteer. 1 Volunteering offers vital help to people in need, worthwhile causes and the community. But the benefits can be even greater for the volunteers. 2 Older adults, especially those who have retired, can find new meanings and directions in their lives by helping others. Whatever your age or life situation, volunteering can help take your mind off your own worries, keep you mentally stimulated, and add more passion to your life. Volunteering helps counteract (抵消) the effects of stress, anger and anxiety. 3 Nothing relieves stress better than a meaningful connection to another person. Working with pets and other animals has also been shown to improve mood and reduce stress and anxiety. Volunteering increases your social and relationship skills. While some people are naturally outgoing, others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice and develop your social skills, since you are meeting regularly with a group of people with common interests. 4 Volunteering increases self-confidence. You are doing good for others and the community, which provides a natural sense of accomplishment. 5 And the better you feel about yourself, the more likely you are to have a positive view of your life and future goals. A．Volunteering provides a sense of purpose. B．Volunteering helps you stay physically healthy. C．It will be easier to make more friends by volunteering. D．However, the benefits of volunteering can be enormous. E．It is a fun and easy way to explore your interests and passions. F．Your role as a volunteer can also give you a sense of pride and identity. G．Helping others can have a huge effect on your psychological well-being. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$