Unit1 阅读理解精练（知识&题型大冲关）-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期知识&题型大冲关（人教版2019必修第三册）

Unit 1 阅读理解练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 6 Passage 1 6 Passage 2 8 Passage 3 9 拔高篇 11 Passage 1 11 Passage 2 14 Passage 3 16 Passage 4 18 Passage 5 20 Passage 6 22 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ Almost everyone who has studied English has been warned about the way Brits love their manners. It is part of our national identity, as much as fish and chips or complaining about the weather. Recently I have been wondering where this comes from and I read online that we say sorry up to eight times a day. Probably the same amount of times that any other person says “hello” or “how are you”. It is almost like greetings to us! It was only when I was explaining how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop to a Mexican friend of mine that I realised how mad it sounded. After some research online I have not been able to find any specific reasons why we are the way we are. I suppose for centuries manners and how we eat at the table and talk to other people have been the barriers between the lower and upper classes and represent your social status. Britain has traditionally been a quite conservative country. There are many articles suggesting that this seemingly polite attitude of always saying please and thank you is quite false because it is impossible to always feel that you want to thank someone or say please. Maybe it is for this reason that people are going one of two ways: they are incredibly polite and hold back on their feelings or not polite at all, and express their true feelings. Some Brits are fed up with pretending that they are always content and having to please people. Sometimes because we feel we have to be polite, we are prevented from saying what we truly think. Do you think it is better to not hurt people’s feelings and be polite or to let people know the truth? In your country what is the custom? I know in some countries if someone is considered to be doing their job, the clients think that they do not need to be thanked. 1．What does the author think of the British way of saying “Thank you”? A．Normal. B．Surprising. C．Exciting. D．Pleasing. 2．What does the author want to find out? A．Why the British like to complain about the weather. B．Why the British love their way of showing manners. C．Why the British are fond of fish and chips so much. D．Why the British have five steps of saying thank you. 3．What does the author think manners stand for centuries? A．Wealth and health. B．Social status. C．Politeness. D．Attitudes. 4．Why do Brits feel sometimes they have to be polite? A．They want to express their true feelings. B．They want to let people know the truth. C．They are kept from saying what they think. D．They want to represent their social status. 词汇积累 be warned about 释义：“被提醒注意……”“被警告关于……”，指某人被预先告知某事物可能存在的风险、问题或不良后果，以使其保持警惕或避免某种行为。 示例：Tourists are warned about the strong sunlight at high altitudes.（游客被提醒注意高海拔地区的强烈阳光。） national identity 释义：“国家认同”“民族身份”，指个人或群体对自己所属国家或民族在文化、历史、价值观等方面的认同和归属感，体现为对国家或民族的忠诚和情感联结。 示例：Festivals like the Spring Festival strengthen national identity among Chinese people.（春节这样的节日强化了中国人的国家认同感。） complain about 释义：“抱怨……”“埋怨……”，指对某人、某事或某种情况表达不满、牢骚或批评，通常带有负面情绪。 示例：She often complains about the traffic congestion in the city.（她经常抱怨城市里的交通拥堵。） social status 释义：“社会地位”，指个人或群体在社会结构中所处的位置，通常由财富、职业、教育水平、声望等因素决定，反映了其在社会中的影响力和受人尊敬的程度。 示例：In some cultures, job titles are closely linked to social status.（在某些文化中，职位头衔与社会地位紧密相关。） conservative 释义： 形容词：“保守的”“守旧的”，指倾向于维持传统观念、习俗或制度，不轻易接受变革或新思想； 名词：“保守主义者”，指秉持保守观点的人。 示例：The elderly man held conservative views on marriage.（这位老人对婚姻持保守观点。） seemingly 释义：“看似”“表面上看来”，用于描述某事物从外表或初步印象上看是某种样子，但实际情况可能不同，带有一定的不确定性或转折意味。 示例：The problem was seemingly simple, but it took hours to solve.（这个问题看似简单，但花了好几个小时才解决。） incredibly 释义：“难以置信地”“极其”，表示程度极高，超出寻常，强调某事物令人惊讶或具有极强的性质。 示例：She has an incredibly sharp memory for details.（她对细节的记忆力极其敏锐。） hold back on 释义：“抑制”“控制”“减少使用”，指在行为、情感或资源分配上有所保留，不充分释放或使用，通常出于谨慎、克制或节约的目的。 示例：He held back on his criticism to avoid hurting her feelings.（他克制住批评，以免伤害她的感情。） be fed up with 释义：“对…… 感到厌烦”“受够了……”，表达对某人或某事的极度不满或厌倦，强调因长期经历而产生的不耐烦情绪。 示例：I’m fed up with the constant noise from the construction site.（我受够了建筑工地持续不断的噪音。） be prevented from 释义：“被阻止做……”“被妨碍做……”，指由于某种障碍、限制或外力作用，某人无法进行某一行为或达成某一目标。 示例：Heavy rain prevented us from attending the outdoor concert.（大雨使我们无法参加户外音乐会。） be considered to do 释义：“被认为做……”“被看作会做……”，指某人或某事在他人的看法中被归类为具有某种行为倾向或特征，常用于表达普遍观点或评价。 示例：She is considered to be one of the most promising young artists.（她被认为是最有前途的青年艺术家之一。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】It was only when I was explaining how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop to a Mexican friend of mine that I realised how mad it sounded. 译文 直到我向一位墨西哥朋友解释“在商店买东西时有五个说谢谢的步骤”时，我才意识到这听起来有多离谱。 翻译技巧: (1) 强调句的处理：中文用“直到……才……”对应英文only when...that...，保留强调语气。 (2) 嵌套从句的拆分：将 “how there are five steps...” 译为直接引语（“在商店买东西时有五个说谢谢的步骤”），使中文表达更自然。 (3) 代词指代明确：译文中用“这”指代前文提到的 “五步说谢谢”，避免重复，符合中文习惯。 分析 It was only when...that I realised...是句子的主干结构，一个典型的强调句，结构为It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余部分，用于强调时间状语。only when I was explaining...to a Mexican friend of mine中when 引导的时间状语从句，表示 “当…… 时”。was explaining是从句的核心动作，how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop是how 引导的宾语从句，作 explaining 的宾语。宾语从句中嵌套 when 引导的时间状语从句：when you buy something from a shop。I realised how mad it sounded中how mad it sounded是how 引导的感叹句作宾语，强调 “离谱” 的程度，其中it指代前文提到的 “五个说谢谢的步骤” 这一概念。 【2】There are many articles suggesting that this seemingly polite attitude of always saying please and thank you is quite false because it is impossible to always feel that you want to thank someone or say please. 译文 许多文章指出，这种总是说 “请” 和 “谢谢” 的看似礼貌的态度其实相当虚伪，因为人们不可能总是真心想要感谢某人或说出 “请”。 翻译要点 (1) 词汇处理：false译为“虚伪”而非“错误”，贴合“态度不真诚”的语境。seemingly译为 “看似”，保留 “表面如此、实际未必” 的转折意味。 (2) 逻辑衔接：用“因为”明确因果关系，使“表面礼貌虚伪”的结论更具说服力。 (3) 句式调整：拆分英文长句为中文的两个短句（“许多文章指出……”“因为……”），符合中文 “先观点后解释” 的表达习惯。 分析There are many articles suggesting that...为主句，其中suggesting that... 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰先行词 articles。 宾语从句this seemingly polite attitude...is quite false是句子核心，主句谓语 suggest 在此处意为 “表明、认为”，从句主语 attitude 被 seemingly polite（看似礼貌的）和 of always saying please and thank you（总说 “请” 和 “谢谢”）双重修饰，凸显该态度的外在表现；表语 false 为核心评价词，奠定对该态度的否定基调。原因状语从句 because it is impossible... 解释 “态度虚假”的缘由，其中形式主语 it 指代真正主语 to always feel that...，该不定式结构中嵌套宾语从句 that you want to thank someone or say please，通过 “情感真实性” 与 “行为习惯性” 的矛盾，论证 “表面礼貌” 与 “内心感受” 的割裂 —— 当 “请” 和 “谢谢” 成为机械性表达，而非真实情感的流露时，这种礼貌便可能沦为缺乏真诚的形式主义，进而被质疑为 “虚假”。 【3】I know in some countries if someone is considered to be doing their job, the clients think that they do not need to be thanked. 译文 我知道在一些国家，如果有人被认为是在履行自己的工作职责，客户就会认为无需对他们表示感谢。 翻译要点 (1) 语态处理：be considered to be doing译为 “被认为是在履行”，保留被动语态，体现 “社会普遍观点” 的意味。need to be thanked译为 “无需对他们表示感谢”，将被动语态转换为中文的主动表达（“对他们表示感谢”），更符合中文习惯。 (2) 逻辑衔接：用 “如果…… 就……” 明确条件关系，使 “职责” 与 “无需感谢” 的关联一目了然。 (3) 代词指代：用 “他们” 指代 “履行工作职责的人”，避免重复，保持语句简洁。 分析 句子主干为 “I know”，后面接宾语从句 “in some countries if someone is considered to be doing their job, the clients think that they do not need to be thanked”。在这个宾语从句里，“if someone is considered to be doing their job” 是条件状语从句，说明在 “某人被认为是在履行工作职责” 这个条件下会出现后续情况；“the clients think that they do not need to be thanked” 是主句，其中 “that they do not need to be thanked” 又是一个宾语从句，作 “think” 的宾语 ，阐述了客户的想法，即认为对方无需被感谢。 翻译练习 1. 旅行者在攀登喜马拉雅山前总会被提醒注意高原反应。(be warned about) Travelers are always warned about the high altitude sickness before climbing the Himalayas. 2. 他不断抱怨工作时间长却没有加班费。(complain about) He constantly complains about the long working hours without extra pay. 3. 这座老房子看似废弃了，但实际上有人居住。(seemingly) The old house looked seemingly abandoned, but actually had someone living in it. 4. 这支球队在比赛最后一分钟打进了一记极其关键的进球。(incredibly) The team scored an incredibly decisive goal in the last minute of the match. 5. 为了攒钱实现梦想中的旅行，她不得不克制消费。(hold back on) She had to hold back on spending to save money for her dream trip. 6. 我受够了早高峰时期没完没了的交通拥堵。(be fed up with) I’m fed up with the endless traffic jams during the morning rush hour. 7. 由于雷暴天气，航班无法按时起飞。(be prevented from) The flight was prevented from taking off on time due to the thunderstorm. 答案解析 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就英国人为什么保持自己的行为举止礼仪进行了原因分析。 1．推理判断题。由文章第一段“It was only when I was explaining how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop to a Mexican friend of mine that I realized how mad it sounded.(直到我向我的一位墨西哥朋友解释当你从商店买东西时，说谢谢有五个步骤，我才意识到这听起来有多疯狂)”可知，作者曾解释道谢有五个步骤，那时他意识到这听起来有多疯狂，即这件事很令人惊讶。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。由文章第一段内容和第二段中“After some research online I have not been able to find any specific reasons why we are the way we are.(经过网上的一些研究，我一直找不到我们现在这样的具体原因)”可知，句中的“the way we are”指的就是英国人有礼貌的样子，所以作者想找到英国人如此注重礼貌的原因。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。由文章第二段“I suppose for centuries manners and how we eat at the table and talk to other people have been the barriers between the lower and upper classes and represent your social status.(我想几个世纪以来，礼仪以及我们在餐桌上吃饭和与他人交谈的方式一直是下层和上层阶级之间的障碍，代表着你的社会地位)”可知，作者认为几个世纪以来，礼仪代表着社会地位。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Sometimes because we feel we have to be polite, we are prevented from saying what we truly think.(有时，因为我们觉得自己必须有礼貌，我们被阻止说出自己的真实想法)”可知，有时候英国人觉得必须要有礼貌，所以他们不会说出真实想法。故选C项。 基础篇 Passage 1 Four Famous Festivals in the World Holi Festival in India The ancient Hindu festival of Holi is held in late February and early March. This colorful act symbolizes the victory of good over evil (邪恶) each year. It begins with a bonfire (篝火) , the flame of which burns away evil, and after that, the participants are in for some real fun. Crowds of people sprinkle (酒) each other with colored powder and organic paints as a sign of goodness and good luck. Venice Carnival in Italy The most romantic city in Italy fills with bright colors and sounds of music every year at the end of February. Residents and guests of Venice dress up in splendid costumes in the style of the Middle Ages and cover their faces with masks. The carnival ends with the awarding of the competitors who have showed the most original and colorful costumes. Tomorrowland in Belgium The biggest electronic music festival in the world is held at the end of July in the Belgian city of Boom. The famous three-day event annually gathers more than 300 thousand guests. The main stages are set up in a large park with artificial ponds and beautiful green areas. The area will be equipped in advance with food courts, grills, and all the necessary equipment. Burning Man in the USA Many cultural events pale in comparison to the legendary Burning Man, held in Nevada from the last Monday in August to the first Monday in September. The unique atmosphere is created not only by the organizers and the desert where the festival takes place but also by the participants themselves.     They build a tent city with homemade art objects and the necessary equipment. The highlight of the festival is the burning of a huge wooden statue of a man and the main temple. 1．Which festival is held in late February and early March? A．Holi Festival. B．Venice Carnival. C．Tomorrowland. D．Burning Man. 2．What does Venice Carnival in Italy end with? A．A bonfire. B．A food feast. C．The awarding of the competitors. D．The burning of a huge wooden man. 3．Where is Burning Man held? A．Near a pond. B．In a desert. C．In a large park. D．Along the city street. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上四个著名的节日。 1．细节理解题。根据Holi Festival in India部分“The ancient Hindu festival of Holi is held in late February and early March.(古老的印度节日胡里节在2月底和3月初举行)”可知，胡里节在2月底和3月初举行。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Venice Carnival in Italy部分“The carnival ends with the awarding of the competitors who have showed the most original and colorful costumes.(狂欢节以向展示最原创、最丰富多彩服装的参赛者颁奖而结束)”可知，意大利威尼斯狂欢节以对参赛者的奖励结束。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据Burning Man in the USA部分“The unique atmosphere is created not only by the organizers and the desert where the festival takes place but also by the participants themselves.(独特的氛围不仅是由组织者和节日所在的沙漠创造的，也是由参与者自己创造的)”可知，美国火人节的所在地是沙漠，即火人节是在沙漠里举行的。故选B。 Passage 2 Summer Day Camps Join the Environmental Learning Center this summer for adventure in the outdoors! We can’t wait to be part of your summer! 1．What ability can you learn from The Wildness Week? A．To interpret the singing of birds. B．To survive well in the wild. C．To get along with wild animals. D．To experiment on wild animals. 2．Which camp will provide information relevant to working in the wild? A．The Wildness Week. B．Animal Antics. C．Outdoor-ologists. D．Young Experimenters 3．How much will you get if you cancel your reservation for Animal Antics on April 6? A．$230. B．$180. C．$115. D．$50. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了几个夏令营的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据The Wildness Week 中的“Do you want to learn how to find pure water and build a temporary living place? We’ll give you the outdoor skills to discover the hidden wonders of nature.(你想学习如何找到纯净的水，并建立一个临时住所吗?我们将教给你一些户外技巧，让你去发现隐藏的自然奇观。)”可知，从The Wildness Week中可以学到野外生存的技能。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Outdoor-ologists中的“This week of camp will focus on learning about all the different sorts of people who work outside.(本周的夏令营将重点了解在户外工作的各种各样的人。)”可知，Outdoor-ologists将提供与野外工作相关的信息。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据Refund Policy中的“Cancellations made between March 21 and April 17 will lose the 50 deposit.(在3月21日至4月17日期间取消预订将失去50美元的押金。)”以及Animal Antics中的“$230”可知，如果在4月3日取消预定“动物滑稽表演”，能得到180 (230-50) 美元的退款。故选B项。 Passage 3 An 85-year-old hugged a younger woman she hadn’t seen for months, and she chanted (吟唱) some questions in the special routine of her ancestors in Burundi, “How are you? How is your husband? How are the kids?” Namukobwa paused to permit the younger woman Nzeyimana to answer. Nzeyimana, the visiting daughter of a former neighbour, replied over and over in the local Kirundi language. A group of neighbours watched in amazement. Many were seeing their first performance of the traditional form of musical greeting, known to Burundians as akazehe. It is performed only by women on a range of occasions. However, akazehe is disappearing, despite its unique status (地位) in this central African country. That’s according to cultural officials, teachers and others who say it is worth preserving. They mentioned the threat from public health measures that discourage unnecessary contact during disease outbreaks, in addition to the perceived failure to promote akazehe among school-going youth. A custom such as akazehe should be preserved because of its role in protecting families, said Nikobiba, an anthropologist (人类学家) in Bujumbura. Among communities that practise it, women could tell elder women about any problems at home. Nikobiba explained, “Normally, before starting a home in traditional Burundi, the girl would first receive advice from her father’s sister. She would tell the girl, ‘I will come to greet you after a certain time.’” Such support from elders would help them develop better mental health for the young family, he added. Ntakirutimana was among the women who gathered to watch Namukobwa greeting Nzeyimana. She said she grew up in a farming community where no mother could perform akazehe. After watching, she wanted to learn akazehe herself. “I feel better,” Ntakirutimana said, “and I saw it was good.” 1．What was Namukobwa doing according to paragraph 1? A．Practising a song. B．Sharing a story. C．Teaching a language. D．Performing a custom. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The status of akazehe in Burundi. B．The difficulty in promoting akazehe. C．The reasons for the decline of akazehe. D．The impact of akazehe on public health. 3．Nikobiba thinks that the role of akazehe lies in ___________. A．building an active community B．maintaining traditional customs C．bringing comfort to elders in a family D．providing psychological support for women 4．Why does the writer mention Ntakirutimana in the last paragraph? A．To praise the politeness of Burundians. B．To show the influence of cultural practices. C．To stress the importance of careful observation. D．To indicate the necessity of learning how to greet. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是布隆迪传统音乐问候形式akazehe的现状与意义，强调其在社区和家庭中提供心理支持的重要性，以及面对现代挑战时的传承困境。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“An 85-year-old hugged a younger woman she hadn’t seen for months, and she chanted (吟唱) some questions in the special routine of her ancestors in Burundi, “How are you? How is your husband? How are the kids?”(一位85岁的老人拥抱了一位她几个月没见的年轻女子，并用她在布隆迪祖先的特殊套路反复地问她：“你好吗？”你丈夫好吗？孩子们怎么样了？”)”和第二段“Many were seeing their first performance of the traditional form of musical greeting, known to Burundians as akazehe.(许多人第一次看到布隆迪人称为akazehe的传统音乐问候表演。)”可知，Namukobwa在表演一种习俗。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“They mentioned the threat from public health measures that discourage unnecessary contact during disease outbreaks, in addition to the perceived failure to promote akazehe among school-going youth.(他们提到了来自公共卫生措施的威胁，这些措施在疫情爆发期间劝阻不必要的接触，此外还提到了在学龄青年中推广akazehe被认为不成功的问题。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是akazehe衰落的原因。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Such support from elders would help them develop better mental health for the young family, he added.(他补充说，长者的这种支持将有助于他们为年轻家庭培养更好的心理健康。)”可知，Nikobiba认为akazehe的作用在于为妇女提供心理支持。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“She said she grew up in a farming community where no mother could perform akazehe. After watching, she wanted to learn akazehe herself. “I feel better,” Ntakirutimana said, “and I saw it was good.”(她说，她在一个农业社区长大，那里的母亲们都不会表演akazehe。看完之后，她也想自己学习akazehe。“我感觉好多了，”Ntakirutimana说，“我觉得这很好。”)”可知，作者在最后一段提到了Ntakirutiman是为了显示文化习俗的影响。故选B。 拔高篇 Passage 1 The California Avocado (鳄梨) Festival is one of the most expected and beloved events on the California coast, celebrating the state’s lively avocado industry. Held annually in Carpinteria, the festival draws tens of thousands of visitors each year to enjoy a fun-filled weekend. From delicious avocado-inspired dishes to live music, cooking demonstrations, and arts and crafts, the festival provides something for everyone. The roots of the California Avocado Festival date back to 1986, when a small group of local residents decided to host an event that would honor the region’s rich agricultural heritage and the role avocados played in the area’s economy. California, home to more than 90% of the nation’s avocado production, is the epicenter of the avocado industry in the U.S., with Carpinteria being one of the top avocado-growing regions. The festival was created as a way to celebrate the farmers, the land, and the incredible versatility (多样性) of the avocado fruit. Over the years, the festival has grown significantly, becoming one of the largest free-admission festivals’ in California. It is now a three-day event held every October, and it continues to attract avocado enthusiasts, families, and tourists from across the country. The festival’s main highlight is the wide array of avocado-based dishes that are offered at over 100 food booths. From avocado toast to more inventive treats like avocado ice cream, and even avocado cocktails, the festival showcases the fruit’s incredible food flexibility. In addition to the food, the California Avocado Festival features live music performances on multiple stages, with a diverse line-up of bands and musicians spanning various genres. The festival also includes cooking demonstrations where chefs share their best avocado recipes and tips for incorporating the fruit into everyday meals. For those looking for some friendly competitions, there are fun events like the Guacamole Contest, where local chefs and enthusiasts compete to create the best guacamole (鳄梨酱), and the Avocado Pit Spitting Contest, a playful and humorous tradition that always draws a crowd. 1．Which aspect of the California Avocado Festival is emphasized in the first paragraph? A．The variety of activities offered at the festival. B．The economic impact of the avocado industry in California. C．The historical significance of avocado farming in Carpinteria. D．The festival’s influence on national avocado consumption trends. 2．Why was the California Avocado Festival created? A．To increase tourism in Carpinteria. B．To promote the use of avocados in everyday cooking. C．To provide a platform for local musicians and performers. D．To celebrate the region’s agricultural heritage and the avocado industry. 3．What can people do at the California Avocado Festival? A．Have a three-day vacation. B．Visit avocado-loving families. C．Attend experts’ lectures about avocados. D．Enjoy a wide variety of avocado-based dishes, 4．What can we learn about Avocado Pit Spitting Contest? A．It is a contest about making dishes, B．It is a stage for music performances. C．It is a fun event that brings in a large audience. D．It is a competition between chefs and enthusiasts. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是加州鳄梨节的起源、发展及其丰富多彩的活动，展现了这一节日如何庆祝当地农业遗产和鳄梨产业的独特魅力。 1．细节理解题。根据首段中的“From delicious avocado-inspired dishes to live music, cooking demonstrations, and arts and crafts, the festival provides something for everyone.(从美味的鳄梨启发的菜肴到现场音乐，烹饪示范，艺术和手工艺，节日为每个人提供了一些东西)”可知，第一段描述了节日提供的一系列活动，强调了节日活动的多样性。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The roots of the California Avocado Festival date back to 1986, when a small group of local residents decided to host an event that would honor the region’s rich agricultural heritage and the role avocados played in the area’s economy.(加州鳄梨节的起源可以追溯到1986年，当时一小群当地居民决定举办一场活动，以纪念该地区丰富的农业遗产和鳄梨在该地区经济中的作用)”可知，创建这个节日是为了纪念该地区丰富的农业传统以及鳄梨在地方经济中的作用。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The festival’s main highlight is the wide array of avocado-based dishes that are offered at over 100 food booths. From avocado toast to more inventive treats like avocado ice cream, and even avocado cocktails, the festival showcases the fruit’s incredible food flexibility. (节日的主要亮点是在100多个食品摊位上提供各种各样的鳄梨菜。从鳄梨吐司到更有创意的食物，比如鳄梨冰淇淋，甚至是鳄梨鸡尾酒，这个节日展示了这种水果令人难以置信的食物灵活性)”可知，节日的主要亮点之一就是提供超过100个食品摊位，这些摊位供应着各种各样的鳄梨基底的菜肴。由此可知，加州鳄梨节人们可以享受各种各样的鳄梨菜。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“For those looking for some friendly competitions, there are fun events like the Guacamole Contest, where local chefs and enthusiasts compete to create the best guacamole (鳄梨酱), and the Avocado Pit Spitting Contest, a playful and humorous tradition that always draws a crowd.(对于那些想要一些友好比赛的人来说，这里有一些有趣的活动，比如鳄梨酱大赛（Guacamole Contest），当地的厨师和爱好者们会竞相制作最好的鳄梨酱，还有吐鳄梨核大赛（Avocado Pit spit Contest），这是一个有趣幽默的传统，总能吸引一群人)”可知，Avocado Pit Spitting Contest是一项有趣的比赛，它总是能吸引大量的观众。故选C项。 Passage 2 Heritages are unique and precious characteristics of a society that are passed down through generations. Without particular preservation efforts, many of these become lost in time. Africa is a continent with rich cultural heritage. Traditions like folk tales and dances by the moonlight, poem and other unique activities make up a large part of cultural heritage in Africa. Uganda’s Ekyogero traditional herbal (药草) bath is a famous tradition. It is a bath for newborn babies that is popular in many communities in Uganda. According to the culture, it makes the child strong and physically healthy. It is a herbal bath that is used to wash the baby and give it smooth skin. It is believed to bring good luck to the newborn and drive away curses (祸根) . It is also believed that modern medicine does not have answers for every condition. In fact, a lot of modern medical treatments are based on traditional applications of herbs. One unique thing about the Wodaabe people of Niger is the Guérewol competition. It is an annual marriage competition that has young men dancing and singing while dressed up with decorations and painted faces. As they dance and sing, they pat (轻拍) their eyes and show off their teeth to look more attractive. They intend to have one of the young girls of marriageable age fall in love with them and their skills. Among the Maasai people of Kenya and Northern Tanzania spitting is a sign of respect and honor. It is also seen as a form of positive greeting. If one spits on one’ s hands, which are then used to shake someone’s hand, it means a friendly greeting. When done on a single person, especially a baby, it means blessings (祝福) . Also, when a father spits on his daughter on her wedding day, it means wishes and blessings for a beautiful home. Today, most of the world is returning to its traditional ways or ideas. If countries like China, India, and Japan, who have long followed their traditional culture are doing well now, then Africa can do so too. It is time for Africans to get back to their roots by remembering and rebuilding their traditions. By taking part in a return to traditions, Africans will rebuild their diversity (多样性) of cultural heritage. 1．What do we know about the Ekyogero herbal bath? A．It’s a practice in the countryside of Uganda. B．It is a modern baby care practice. C．It becomes unpopular in modern times. D．It offers physical and spiritual benefits. 2．Why do young men dance and sing in the Guérewol competition? A．To make marriage funds. B．To celebrate the spring. C．To attract young girls. D．To display their costume. 3．How does a Maasai father express blessings to his wedding daughter? A．By shaking her hand. B．By patting her eyes. C．By showing off his teeth. D．By spitting on her daughter. 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards Africa’s recovering its heritage? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Worried. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。非洲是一个拥有丰富文化遗产的大陆。文章主要了非洲的一些文化传统，作者认为非洲人将重建他们文化遗产的多样性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to the culture, it makes the child strong and physically healthy. It is a herbal bath that is used to wash the baby and give it smooth skin. It is believed to bring good luck to the newborn and drive away curses (祸根) (根据这个文化，它使孩子变得坚强且身体健康。这是一种草药浴，用于洗涤婴儿并给予光滑的皮肤。据信这给新生儿带来好运，并驱赶诅咒)”可知，Ekyogero草药浴提供身体和精神上的好处。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“As they dance and sing, they pat (轻拍) their eyes and show off their teeth to look more attractive. They intend to have one of the young girls of marriageable age fall in love with them and their skills.(当他们跳舞和唱歌时，他们轻拍眼睛，炫耀自己的牙齿看起来更具吸引力。他们试图让一个到婚姻年龄的年轻女孩爱上他们和他们的技能。)”可知，年轻男子在Guérewol比赛中跳舞和唱歌是为了吸引年轻女孩。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Also, when a father spits on his daughter on her wedding day, it means wishes and blessings for a beautiful home.(此外，当父亲在女儿婚礼那天向她吐口水时，这意味着对一个美好家庭的祝愿和祝福。)”可知，Maasai父亲通过吐口水的方式来向出嫁的女儿表达祝福，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is time for Africans to get back to their roots by remembering and rebuilding their traditions. By taking part in a return to traditions, Africans will rebuild their diversity (    多样性) of cultural heritage.(非洲人是时候回到他们的根源，记住并重建他们的传统了。通过参与回归传统，非洲人将重建他们文化遗产的多样性)”可知，作家对非洲恢复其遗产的态度是积极的，故选B。 Passage 3 Thanksgiving is one of the most important holidays in the United States and Canada. Unlike many other American holidays, Thanksgiving isn’t about gifts, fireworks shows, or games, but about being with family, and giving thanks and celebrating your blessings (祝福). The modern Thanksgiving holiday is based on the Thanksgiving harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims, who were early English settlers (定居者). The Pilgrims landed in Plymouth Bay in modern-day Massachusetts in 1620. They celebrated Thanksgiving after their first successful harvest in 1621. That first holiday lasted for three days, and was attended by both Pilgrims and Native Americans and celebrated the friendship between them. During the previous winter, the Pilgrims had struggled to survive. Their crops had died in the sandy soil and they had trouble finding food. The winter in Massachusetts was much colder than the winters back in England. Half the Pilgrims died and more were at risk of dying. The local Native Americans provided the Pilgrims with food and supplies during the winter. The next summer, they also taught the Pilgrims several important survival skills like how to grow corn. This festival marked one of the first friendly exchanges between Pilgrims and Native Americans. Historically, Thanksgiving was celebrated at a time when most farmers were finished harvesting their crops. They would have a big dinner with their family and closest friends to celebrate their blessings and harvests. President Abraham Lincoln later established (确立) the tradition of a national and annual Thanksgiving holiday. While most Americans are no longer farmers, the tradition of celebrating blessings and food remains and the holiday is still held at harvest time, on the second Monday of October in Canada and on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States. 1．What makes Thanksgiving different from other American holidays according to the text? A．The close family tie. B．The holiday song. C．The love of shopping. D．The historical background. 2．What can we learn about Thanksgiving from the text? A．It was started by the British. B．It suggested a struggle for food. C．It got developed for medical purpose. D．It was first celebrated to honour the dead. 3．What did the Native Americans teach the Pilgrims? A．How to give directions. B．How to grow corn. C．How to take exercise. D．How to keep warm. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The History of American Holidays B．The Kindness of the Native Americans C．An Introduction to Thanksgiving D．A Hidden Secret of a National Holiday 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了感恩节的由来、形式以及庆祝时间。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thanksgiving is one of the most important holidays in the United States and Canada. Unlike many other American holidays, Thanksgiving isn’t about gifts, fireworks shows, or games, but about being with family, and giving thanks and celebrating your blessings (祝福).(感恩节是美国和加拿大最重要的节日之一。不像许多其他的美国节日，感恩节不是关于礼物、烟花表演或游戏，而是关于与家人在一起，表达感谢和庆祝你的祝福)”可知，感恩节与其他美洲节日的不同之处在于它是与家人在一起并表达感恩感谢与祝福的节日，体现了紧密的家庭纽带。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The modern Thanksgiving holiday is based on the Thanksgiving harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims, who were early English settlers (定居者).(现代的感恩节是基于清教徒庆祝感恩节丰收的节日，他们是早期的英国移民)”可知，感恩节是由英国人发起的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The next summer, they also taught the Pilgrims several important survival skills like how to grow corn.(第二年夏天，他们还教清教徒们一些重要的生存技能，比如如何种植玉米)”可知，美国原住民教清教徒种植玉米。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“The modern Thanksgiving holiday is based on the Thanksgiving harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims, who were early English settlers (定居者). The Pilgrims landed in Plymouth Bay in modern-day Massachusetts in 1620. They celebrated Thanksgiving after their first successful harvest in 1621.(现代的感恩节是基于清教徒庆祝感恩节丰收的节日，他们是早期的英国移民。1620年，清教徒在今天的马萨诸塞州的普利茅斯湾登陆。他们在1621年第一次丰收后庆祝感恩节)”可知，本文介绍了感恩节的由来。由此可知，C选项“An Introduction to Thanksgiving(感恩节简介)”最适合作本文标题。故选C。 Passage 4 20th Louisiana Book Festival The Louisiana Book Festival is a celebration of readers, writers and books in Louisiana. This year’s events are scheduled for 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. , Nov. 2, in downtown Baton Rouge. What can people expect? The festival is a full day of programming with authors presenting their books. After each program, the authors are scheduled for a book signing in the book tent, so you can see an author and then go to the book tent and get your book signed by the author. In the book tent, all of the featured books are available for purchase through our partner, Cavalier House Books in Denham Springs. How are books/authors selected? We have a selection committee, and anybody can recommend a book to us. It’s an ongoing process from one festival to another. As we find out about books, we start inviting authors continually throughout the year. Part of our mission is to be supportive of Louisiana authors and Louisiana publishers. So, we always find out from Louisiana publishers what books they have coming out in the next year before the festival. Special programming? We have someone coming to the festival who is an internationally recognized expert on the Beatles, Bruce Spizer. He’s done a series of books on different albums by the legendary band. One thing special that we’re doing this year is that we’re going to do a virtual, live program with James Lee Burke, a national bestseller from Louisiana. We have a full day of poetry too. The Lousiana Poet Laureate (桂冠诗人), Allison Pelegrin, will be hosting two panels that feature Louisiana poets. This year, poet David Kirby is receiving the Louisiana Writer Award. Many former award recipients will be returning as presenters. 1．What can visitors do after attending an author’s presentation? A．Buy books at a discounted price. B．Get their books signed by the author. C．Meet the author at Cavalier House Books. D．Acquire the donated books in the tent. 2．How does the festival select books and authors for its events? A．Only famous authors are invited. B．Only Louisiana residents can recommend books. C．Books must be submitted at least a year in advance. D．A selection committee considers public recommendations. 3．Who will be hosting panels featuring Louisiana poets? A．Bruce Spizer. B．James Lee Burke. C．Allison Pelegrin. D．David Kirby. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。路易斯安那图书节是路易斯安那州读者、作家和书籍的庆祝活动，文章对其今年的活动进行了介绍和宣传。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“After each program, the authors are scheduled for a book signing in the book tent, so you can see an author and then go to the book tent and get your book signed by the author.(每个节目结束后，作者会在图书帐篷里安排一场签售会，所以你可以看到作者，然后去图书帐篷让作者给你的书签名。)”可知，观众在观看完作者的图书展示后可以让作者在自己的书上签名。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“We have a selection committee, and anybody can recommend a book to us.(我们有一个评选委员会，任何人都可以向我们推荐一本书。)”可知，这个节日的遴选委员会考虑公众的推荐，以此挑选书籍和作者。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段倒第三句“The Lousiana Poet Laureate (桂冠诗人), Allison Pelegrin, will be hosting two panels that feature Louisiana poets.(路易斯安那州桂冠诗人艾莉森·佩尔格林将主持两场以路易斯安那州诗人为主题的座谈会。)”可知，艾莉森·佩尔格林将主持路易斯安那州诗人的座谈会。故选C。 Passage 5 On November 1, 1876, The New York Times, a newspaper, confidently declared Halloween would disappear forever. However, in 2024, consumers are expected to spend $11.6 billion celebrating the holiday, up from $3.3 billion in 2005. Perhaps it is time for the newspaper to eat some crow. Halloween, has transformed from a pagan (异教的) feast to a celebration with lovingly homemade costumes and treats to one of the largest consumer spending holidays in America. But how did this holiday with humble origins become an economic boost with global appeal? Halloween is a marketer’s dream, said Arnold, a finance professor. It falls on the same day every year. Halloween items are largely consumable, for candy needs to be met every year and kids outgrow costumes, and pop culture trends can help predict which costumes will be the must-haves each season. The 1970s brought mass-manufactured costumes and individually wrapped candy that made the holiday explode in popularity. It also shifted from a more religious holiday to mass celebration. Even when consumers are worried about their finances, they’ll still open their wallets for holidays like Halloween and Christmas, Professor Arnold said, because “it creates a unique experience at a particular time of the year.” “Even during the pandemic, consumers try to celebrate these two holidays,” he said. Trick-or-treating came about as a way to distract children who, by 1900, had taken over the holiday. Kids only played simple but mischievous pranks. However, as time passed and America began urbanizing, the pranks became very destructive. Communities needed a way to “buy off” gangs of naughty children who were frightening neighbors by damaging furniture, setting tires on fire and even tripping people on sidewalks. Neighborhood house-to-house parties were held for kids. This origin of trick-or-treat also provided the basis for today’s haunted attractions like haunted houses and mazes as people would set up “trails of terror” in their basements. 1．What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 “eat some crow” probably mean? A．Keep its promise. B．Make an apology. C．Announce something officially. D．Report an event. 2．What has Halloween changed into? A．A tradition that has already vanished. B．A holiday that drives people to spend. C．A festival that features decorations. D．A feast that is liked all over the world. 3．Why do people spend much on holidays like Halloween? A．To get fashionable costumes. B．To show their faith in the religion. C．To boost the economy in their way. D．To gain a special experience. 4．What is the origin of trick-or-treat? A．It is designed to keep children amused. B．It serves as a purpose of driving evils away. C．It is a way to keep children from playing destructive tricks. D．It is a method to strengthen the bond between kids and adults. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了万圣节的历史起源以及发展情况。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“On November 1, 1876, The New York Times, a newspaper, confidently declared Halloween would disappear forever. However, in 2024, consumers are expected to spend $11.6 billion celebrating the holiday, up from $3.3 billion in 2005.(1876年11月1日，《纽约时报》自信地宣布万圣节将永远消失。然而，到2024年，消费者预计将花费116亿美元来庆祝这个节日，高于2005年的33亿美元。也许该是报纸承认错误的时候了)”可知，《纽约时报》曾断言万圣节会永远消失，但实际上现在人们在万圣节的消费大幅增加，所以这里说也许是时候让这家报纸“eat some crow”，意思应该是这家报纸应该为之前错误的断言而道歉。故划线词意思是“道歉”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Halloween, has transformed from a pagan (异教的) feast to a celebration with lovingly homemade costumes and treats to one of the largest consumer spending holidays in America.(万圣节已经从一个异教徒的节日变成了一个用可爱的自制服装和美食庆祝的节日，成为美国最大的消费节日之一)”可知，万圣节成为一个促使人们消费的节日。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Even when consumers are worried about their finances, they’ll still open their wallets for holidays like Halloween and Christmas, Professor Arnold said, because “it creates a unique experience at a particular time of the year.”(阿诺德教授说，即使消费者担心自己的财务状况，他们仍然会在万圣节和圣诞节等节日打开钱包，因为“它在一年中的特定时间创造了独特的体验。”)”可知，人们会在万圣节这样的节日里花很多钱来获得特别的经历。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Trick-or-treating came about as a way to distract children who, by 1900, had taken over the holiday. Kids only played simple but mischievous pranks. However, as time passed and America began urbanizing, the pranks became very destructive. Communities needed a way to “buy off” gangs of naughty children who were frightening neighbors by damaging furniture, setting tires on fire and even tripping people on sidewalks.(“不给糖就捣蛋”是为了分散孩子们的注意力，到1900年，孩子们已经接管了这个节日。孩子们只玩一些简单的恶作剧。然而，随着时间的推移，美国开始城市化，这些恶作剧变得非常具有破坏性。社区需要一种方法来“收买”一群淘气的孩子，这些孩子破坏家具，点燃轮胎，甚至在人行道上绊倒人，以此来吓唬邻居)”可知，“不给糖就捣蛋”起源于是一种防止孩子们玩破坏性把戏的方法。故选C。 Passage 6 In the remote villages of Western Alaska, a time-honored tradition known as “throwing parties” or “uqiquq” in the Yugtun language, means the commencement of the hunting and fishing season. This custom is deeply rooted in the community’s culture, serving as a celebration of not only the first catch but also significant life milestones such as graduations, births, and weddings. Mertarvik, a village situated a dozen miles from the Bering Sea, recently witnessed such a festive occasion. Mildred Tom, a local resident, took the initiative to organize this event to honor her daughter’s graduation and her grandchildren’s achievements. For several months, she had been carefully gathering and storing gifts in her home, preparing for the big day. The key of a throwing party lies in the joyous act of sharing. As the elders secure their positions among the gathering, Tom, along with her daughter Teddy Ann Bell and niece Amy Kassaili, engages in the heartwarming ceremony of tossing (投掷) gifts from a blue plastic container high into the air. The items, which include various candies, toys, and household items, represent a contemporary adaptation of the age-old practice of distributing the season’s first catch. As the distribution of gifts concludes, the younger members of the community search through the snow for any overlooked treasures. Each person departs with a special item, symbolizing the strengthening of communal (群体的) bonds that will last until the next throwing party in the fall. Safety and practicality are also considered in this celebration. Items that could pose a risk or are too large, such as wooden spoons, are carefully packed into canvas bags for distribution. The party serves double purpose, not only as a family celebration but also as a vital community gathering. This tradition stands as a symbol of the resilience (韧性) and solidarity of Western Alaska’s people, who depend on one another and their natural surroundings for life and a sense of belonging. 1．What does the underlined word “commencement” mean in paragraph 1? A．Conditions. B．Custom. C．Experiences. D．Beginning. 2．What are paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．How to stay safe at the throwing party. B．How the throwing party has developed. C．How Tom’s family hold the throwing party. D．How to make the throwing party heartwarming. 3．What was the throwing party initially intended to do? A．Distribute the season’s first catch. B．Celebrate life’s significant milestones. C．Honor the achievements of family members. D．Attract people to participate in a community gathering. 4．What’s the spirit of throwing parties? A．Sharing and unity. B．Courage and bond. C．Excellence and strength. D．Creativity and optimism. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个阿拉斯加西部的偏远村庄“投掷派对”的传统，介绍了活动的过程和体现的内涵。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“This custom is deeply rooted in the community’s culture, serving as a celebration of not only the first catch but also significant life milestones such as graduations, births, and weddings.(这个习俗深深植根于社区文化中，不仅是为了庆祝第一次捕获，也是为了庆祝重要的人生里程碑，如毕业、出生和婚礼)”可知，这个习俗庆祝第一次捕获，即说明“commencement”的意思是狩猎和捕鱼季节的开始。故划线词意思是“开始”。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The key of a throwing party lies in the joyous act of sharing. As the elders secure their positions among the gathering, Tom, along with her daughter Teddy Ann Bell and niece Amy Kassaili, engages in the heartwarming ceremony of tossing (投掷) gifts from a blue plastic container high into the air. The items, which include various candies, toys, and household items, represent a contemporary adaptation of the age-old practice of distributing the season’s first catch.(投掷派对的关键在于快乐的分享行为。当长辈们在聚会中占据了自己的位置时，汤姆和她的女儿泰迪·安·贝尔和侄女艾米·卡西一起，参加了一个温暖人心的仪式，把一个蓝色塑料容器里的礼物扔向空中。这些物品包括各种糖果、玩具和家庭用品，代表了分发季节第一次捕获的古老习俗的当代改编)”以及第四段“As the distribution of gifts concludes, the younger members of the community search through the snow for any overlooked treasures. Each person departs with a special item, symbolizing the strengthening of communal (群体的) bonds that will last until the next throwing party in the fall.(随着礼物分发的结束，社区的年轻成员在雪地里寻找任何被忽视的宝藏。每个人都带着一件特殊的物品离开，象征着社区纽带的加强，这种纽带将持续到秋天的下一个狂欢派对)”可知，第3段和第4段主要讲的是汤姆一家是如何举办投掷派对的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The items, which include various candies, toys, and household items, represent a contemporary adaptation of the age-old practice of distributing the season’s first catch.(这些物品包括各种糖果、玩具和家庭用品，代表了分发季节第一次捕获的古老习俗的当代改编)”可知，投掷派对最初打算分发第一批猎物。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段“The key of a throwing party lies in the joyous act of sharing.(投掷派对的关键在于快乐的分享行为)”以及最后一段“This tradition stands as a symbol of the resilience (韧性) and solidarity of Western Alaska’s people, who depend on one another and their natural surroundings for life and a sense of belonging.(这一传统象征着阿拉斯加西部人民的坚韧和团结，他们相互依赖，依靠他们的自然环境生活和归属感)”可知，开派对的精神是分享和团结。故选A。 $$ Unit 1 阅读理解练习 目录 精练篇 1 Passage 1 1 基础篇 6 Passage 1 6 Passage 2 7 Passage 3 8 拔高篇 10 Passage 1 10 Passage 2 11 Passage 3 13 Passage 4 14 Passage 5 15 Passage 6 17 精练篇 Passage 1 难度⭐⭐⭐⭐ Almost everyone who has studied English has been warned about the way Brits love their manners. It is part of our national identity, as much as fish and chips or complaining about the weather. Recently I have been wondering where this comes from and I read online that we say sorry up to eight times a day. Probably the same amount of times that any other person says “hello” or “how are you”. It is almost like greetings to us! It was only when I was explaining how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop to a Mexican friend of mine that I realised how mad it sounded. After some research online I have not been able to find any specific reasons why we are the way we are. I suppose for centuries manners and how we eat at the table and talk to other people have been the barriers between the lower and upper classes and represent your social status. Britain has traditionally been a quite conservative country. There are many articles suggesting that this seemingly polite attitude of always saying please and thank you is quite false because it is impossible to always feel that you want to thank someone or say please. Maybe it is for this reason that people are going one of two ways: they are incredibly polite and hold back on their feelings or not polite at all, and express their true feelings. Some Brits are fed up of pretending that they are always content and having to please people. Sometimes because we feel we have to be polite, we are prevented from saying what we truly think. Do you think it is better to not hurt people’s feelings and be polite or to let people know the truth? In your country what is the custom? I know in some countries if someone is considered to be doing their job, the clients think that they do not need to be thanked. 1．What does the author think of the British way of saying “Thank you”? A．Normal. B．Surprising. C．Exciting. D．Pleasing. 2．What does the author want to find out? A．Why the British like to complain about the weather. B．Why the British love their way of showing manners. C．Why the British are fond of fish and chips so much. D．Why the British have five steps of saying thank you. 3．What does the author think manners stand for centuries? A．Wealth and health. B．Social status. C．Politeness. D．Attitudes. 4．Why do Brits feel sometimes they have to be polite? A．They want to express their true feelings. B．They want to let people know the truth. C．They are kept from saying what they think. D．They want to represent their social status. 词汇积累 be warned about 释义：“被提醒注意……”“被警告关于……”，指某人被预先告知某事物可能存在的风险、问题或不良后果，以使其保持警惕或避免某种行为。 示例：Tourists are warned about the strong sunlight at high altitudes.（游客被提醒注意高海拔地区的强烈阳光。） national identity 释义：“国家认同”“民族身份”，指个人或群体对自己所属国家或民族在文化、历史、价值观等方面的认同和归属感，体现为对国家或民族的忠诚和情感联结。 示例：Festivals like the Spring Festival strengthen national identity among Chinese people.（春节这样的节日强化了中国人的国家认同感。） complain about 释义：“抱怨……”“埋怨……”，指对某人、某事或某种情况表达不满、牢骚或批评，通常带有负面情绪。 示例：She often complains about the traffic congestion in the city.（她经常抱怨城市里的交通拥堵。） social status 释义：“社会地位”，指个人或群体在社会结构中所处的位置，通常由财富、职业、教育水平、声望等因素决定，反映了其在社会中的影响力和受人尊敬的程度。 示例：In some cultures, job titles are closely linked to social status.（在某些文化中，职位头衔与社会地位紧密相关。） conservative 释义： 形容词：“保守的”“守旧的”，指倾向于维持传统观念、习俗或制度，不轻易接受变革或新思想； 名词：“保守主义者”，指秉持保守观点的人。 示例：The elderly man held conservative views on marriage.（这位老人对婚姻持保守观点。） seemingly 释义：“看似”“表面上看来”，用于描述某事物从外表或初步印象上看是某种样子，但实际情况可能不同，带有一定的不确定性或转折意味。 示例：The problem was seemingly simple, but it took hours to solve.（这个问题看似简单，但花了好几个小时才解决。） incredibly 释义：“难以置信地”“极其”，表示程度极高，超出寻常，强调某事物令人惊讶或具有极强的性质。 示例：She has an incredibly sharp memory for details.（她对细节的记忆力极其敏锐。） hold back on 释义：“抑制”“控制”“减少使用”，指在行为、情感或资源分配上有所保留，不充分释放或使用，通常出于谨慎、克制或节约的目的。 示例：He held back on his criticism to avoid hurting her feelings.（他克制住批评，以免伤害她的感情。） be fed up with 释义：“对…… 感到厌烦”“受够了……”，表达对某人或某事的极度不满或厌倦，强调因长期经历而产生的不耐烦情绪。 示例：I’m fed up with the constant noise from the construction site.（我受够了建筑工地持续不断的噪音。） be prevented from 释义：“被阻止做……”“被妨碍做……”，指由于某种障碍、限制或外力作用，某人无法进行某一行为或达成某一目标。 示例：Heavy rain prevented us from attending the outdoor concert.（大雨使我们无法参加户外音乐会。） be considered to do 释义：“被认为做……”“被看作会做……”，指某人或某事在他人的看法中被归类为具有某种行为倾向或特征，常用于表达普遍观点或评价。 示例：She is considered to be one of the most promising young artists.（她被认为是最有前途的青年艺术家之一。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 长难句分析 【1】It was only when I was explaining how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop to a Mexican friend of mine that I realised how mad it sounded. 译文 直到我向一位墨西哥朋友解释“在商店买东西时有五个说谢谢的步骤”时，我才意识到这听起来有多离谱。 翻译技巧: (1) 强调句的处理：中文用“直到……才……”对应英文only when...that...，保留强调语气。 (2) 嵌套从句的拆分：将 “how there are five steps...” 译为直接引语（“在商店买东西时有五个说谢谢的步骤”），使中文表达更自然。 (3) 代词指代明确：译文中用“这”指代前文提到的 “五步说谢谢”，避免重复，符合中文习惯。 分析 It was only when...that I realised...是句子的主干结构，一个典型的强调句，结构为It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余部分，用于强调时间状语。only when I was explaining...to a Mexican friend of mine中when 引导的时间状语从句，表示 “当…… 时”。was explaining是从句的核心动作，how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop是how 引导的宾语从句，作 explaining 的宾语。宾语从句中嵌套 when 引导的时间状语从句：when you buy something from a shop。I realised how mad it sounded中how mad it sounded是how 引导的感叹句作宾语，强调 “离谱” 的程度，其中it指代前文提到的 “五个说谢谢的步骤” 这一概念。 【2】There are many articles suggesting that this seemingly polite attitude of always saying please and thank you is quite false because it is impossible to always feel that you want to thank someone or say please. 译文 许多文章指出，这种总是说 “请” 和 “谢谢” 的看似礼貌的态度其实相当虚伪，因为人们不可能总是真心想要感谢某人或说出 “请”。 翻译要点 (1) 词汇处理：false译为“虚伪”而非“错误”，贴合“态度不真诚”的语境。seemingly译为 “看似”，保留 “表面如此、实际未必” 的转折意味。 (2) 逻辑衔接：用“因为”明确因果关系，使“表面礼貌虚伪”的结论更具说服力。 (3) 句式调整：拆分英文长句为中文的两个短句（“许多文章指出……”“因为……”），符合中文 “先观点后解释” 的表达习惯。 分析There are many articles suggesting that...为主句，其中suggesting that... 为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰先行词 articles。 宾语从句this seemingly polite attitude...is quite false是句子核心，主句谓语 suggest 在此处意为 “表明、认为”，从句主语 attitude 被 seemingly polite（看似礼貌的）和 of always saying please and thank you（总说 “请” 和 “谢谢”）双重修饰，凸显该态度的外在表现；表语 false 为核心评价词，奠定对该态度的否定基调。原因状语从句 because it is impossible... 解释 “态度虚假”的缘由，其中形式主语 it 指代真正主语 to always feel that...，该不定式结构中嵌套宾语从句 that you want to thank someone or say please，通过 “情感真实性” 与 “行为习惯性” 的矛盾，论证 “表面礼貌” 与 “内心感受” 的割裂 —— 当 “请” 和 “谢谢” 成为机械性表达，而非真实情感的流露时，这种礼貌便可能沦为缺乏真诚的形式主义，进而被质疑为 “虚假”。 【3】I know in some countries if someone is considered to be doing their job, the clients think that they do not need to be thanked. 译文 我知道在一些国家，如果有人被认为是在履行自己的工作职责，客户就会认为无需对他们表示感谢。 翻译要点 (1) 语态处理：be considered to be doing译为 “被认为是在履行”，保留被动语态，体现 “社会普遍观点” 的意味。need to be thanked译为 “无需对他们表示感谢”，将被动语态转换为中文的主动表达（“对他们表示感谢”），更符合中文习惯。 (2) 逻辑衔接：用 “如果…… 就……” 明确条件关系，使 “职责” 与 “无需感谢” 的关联一目了然。 (3) 代词指代：用 “他们” 指代 “履行工作职责的人”，避免重复，保持语句简洁。 分析 句子主干为 “I know”，后面接宾语从句 “in some countries if someone is considered to be doing their job, the clients think that they do not need to be thanked”。在这个宾语从句里，“if someone is considered to be doing their job” 是条件状语从句，说明在 “某人被认为是在履行工作职责” 这个条件下会出现后续情况；“the clients think that they do not need to be thanked” 是主句，其中 “that they do not need to be thanked” 又是一个宾语从句，作 “think” 的宾语 ，阐述了客户的想法，即认为对方无需被感谢。 翻译练习 1. 旅行者在攀登喜马拉雅山前总会被提醒注意高原反应。(be warned about) 2. 他不断抱怨工作时间长却没有加班费。(complain about) 3. 这座老房子看似废弃了，但实际上有人居住。(seemingly) 4. 这支球队在比赛最后一分钟打进了一记极其关键的进球。(incredibly) 5. 为了攒钱实现梦想中的旅行，她不得不克制消费。(hold back on) 6. 我受够了早高峰时期没完没了的交通拥堵。(be fed up with) 7. 由于雷暴天气，航班无法按时起飞。(be prevented from) 答案解析 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就英国人为什么保持自己的行为举止礼仪进行了原因分析。 1．推理判断题。由文章第一段“It was only when I was explaining how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop to a Mexican friend of mine that I realized how mad it sounded.(直到我向我的一位墨西哥朋友解释当你从商店买东西时，说谢谢有五个步骤，我才意识到这听起来有多疯狂)”可知，作者曾解释道谢有五个步骤，那时他意识到这听起来有多疯狂，即这件事很令人惊讶。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。由文章第一段内容和第二段中“After some research online I have not been able to find any specific reasons why we are the way we are.(经过网上的一些研究，我一直找不到我们现在这样的具体原因)”可知，句中的“the way we are”指的就是英国人有礼貌的样子，所以作者想找到英国人如此注重礼貌的原因。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。由文章第二段“I suppose for centuries manners and how we eat at the table and talk to other people have been the barriers between the lower and upper classes and represent your social status.(我想几个世纪以来，礼仪以及我们在餐桌上吃饭和与他人交谈的方式一直是下层和上层阶级之间的障碍，代表着你的社会地位)”可知，作者认为几个世纪以来，礼仪代表着社会地位。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Sometimes because we feel we have to be polite, we are prevented from saying what we truly think.(有时，因为我们觉得自己必须有礼貌，我们被阻止说出自己的真实想法)”可知，有时候英国人觉得必须要有礼貌，所以他们不会说出真实想法。故选C项。 基础篇 Passage 1 Four Famous Festivals in the World Holi Festival in India The ancient Hindu festival of Holi is held in late February and early March. This colorful act symbolizes the victory of good over evil (邪恶) each year. It begins with a bonfire (篝火) , the flame of which burns away evil, and after that, the participants are in for some real fun. Crowds of people sprinkle (酒) each other with colored powder and organic paints as a sign of goodness and good luck. Venice Carnival in Italy The most romantic city in Italy fills with bright colors and sounds of music every year at the end of February. Residents and guests of Venice dress up in splendid costumes in the style of the Middle Ages and cover their faces with masks. The carnival ends with the awarding of the competitors who have showed the most original and colorful costumes. Tomorrowland in Belgium The biggest electronic music festival in the world is held at the end of July in the Belgian city of Boom. The famous three-day event annually gathers more than 300 thousand guests. The main stages are set up in a large park with artificial ponds and beautiful green areas. The area will be equipped in advance with food courts, grills, and all the necessary equipment. Burning Man in the USA Many cultural events pale in comparison to the legendary Burning Man, held in Nevada from the last Monday in August to the first Monday in September. The unique atmosphere is created not only by the organizers and the desert where the festival takes place but also by the participants themselves.     They build a tent city with homemade art objects and the necessary equipment. The highlight of the festival is the burning of a huge wooden statue of a man and the main temple. 1．Which festival is held in late February and early March? A．Holi Festival. B．Venice Carnival. C．Tomorrowland. D．Burning Man. 2．What does Venice Carnival in Italy end with? A．A bonfire. B．A food feast. C．The awarding of the competitors. D．The burning of a huge wooden man. 3．Where is Burning Man held? A．Near a pond. B．In a desert. C．In a large park. D．Along the city street. Passage 2 Summer Day Camps Join the Environmental Learning Center this summer for adventure in the outdoors! We can’t wait to be part of your summer! 1．What ability can you learn from The Wildness Week? A．To interpret the singing of birds. B．To survive well in the wild. C．To get along with wild animals. D．To experiment on wild animals. 2．Which camp will provide information relevant to working in the wild? A．The Wildness Week. B．Animal Antics. C．Outdoor-ologists. D．Young Experimenters 3．How much will you get if you cancel your reservation for Animal Antics on April 6? A．$230. B．$180. C．$115. D．$50. Passage 3 An 85-year-old hugged a younger woman she hadn’t seen for months, and she chanted (吟唱) some questions in the special routine of her ancestors in Burundi, “How are you? How is your husband? How are the kids?” Namukobwa paused to permit the younger woman Nzeyimana to answer. Nzeyimana, the visiting daughter of a former neighbour, replied over and over in the local Kirundi language. A group of neighbours watched in amazement. Many were seeing their first performance of the traditional form of musical greeting, known to Burundians as akazehe. It is performed only by women on a range of occasions. However, akazehe is disappearing, despite its unique status (地位) in this central African country. That’s according to cultural officials, teachers and others who say it is worth preserving. They mentioned the threat from public health measures that discourage unnecessary contact during disease outbreaks, in addition to the perceived failure to promote akazehe among school-going youth. A custom such as akazehe should be preserved because of its role in protecting families, said Nikobiba, an anthropologist (人类学家) in Bujumbura. Among communities that practise it, women could tell elder women about any problems at home. Nikobiba explained, “Normally, before starting a home in traditional Burundi, the girl would first receive advice from her father’s sister. She would tell the girl, ‘I will come to greet you after a certain time.’” Such support from elders would help them develop better mental health for the young family, he added. Ntakirutimana was among the women who gathered to watch Namukobwa greeting Nzeyimana. She said she grew up in a farming community where no mother could perform akazehe. After watching, she wanted to learn akazehe herself. “I feel better,” Ntakirutimana said, “and I saw it was good.” 1．What was Namukobwa doing according to paragraph 1? A．Practising a song. B．Sharing a story. C．Teaching a language. D．Performing a custom. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The status of akazehe in Burundi. B．The difficulty in promoting akazehe. C．The reasons for the decline of akazehe. D．The impact of akazehe on public health. 3．Nikobiba thinks that the role of akazehe lies in ___________. A．building an active community B．maintaining traditional customs C．bringing comfort to elders in a family D．providing psychological support for women 4．Why does the writer mention Ntakirutimana in the last paragraph? A．To praise the politeness of Burundians. B．To show the influence of cultural practices. C．To stress the importance of careful observation. D．To indicate the necessity of learning how to greet. 拔高篇 Passage 1 The California Avocado (鳄梨) Festival is one of the most expected and beloved events on the California coast, celebrating the state’s lively avocado industry. Held annually in Carpinteria, the festival draws tens of thousands of visitors each year to enjoy a fun-filled weekend. From delicious avocado-inspired dishes to live music, cooking demonstrations, and arts and crafts, the festival provides something for everyone. The roots of the California Avocado Festival date back to 1986, when a small group of local residents decided to host an event that would honor the region’s rich agricultural heritage and the role avocados played in the area’s economy. California, home to more than 90% of the nation’s avocado production, is the epicenter of the avocado industry in the U.S., with Carpinteria being one of the top avocado-growing regions. The festival was created as a way to celebrate the farmers, the land, and the incredible versatility (多样性) of the avocado fruit. Over the years, the festival has grown significantly, becoming one of the largest free-admission festivals’ in California. It is now a three-day event held every October, and it continues to attract avocado enthusiasts, families, and tourists from across the country. The festival’s main highlight is the wide array of avocado-based dishes that are offered at over 100 food booths. From avocado toast to more inventive treats like avocado ice cream, and even avocado cocktails, the festival showcases the fruit’s incredible food flexibility. In addition to the food, the California Avocado Festival features live music performances on multiple stages, with a diverse line-up of bands and musicians spanning various genres. The festival also includes cooking demonstrations where chefs share their best avocado recipes and tips for incorporating the fruit into everyday meals. For those looking for some friendly competitions, there are fun events like the Guacamole Contest, where local chefs and enthusiasts compete to create the best guacamole (鳄梨酱), and the Avocado Pit Spitting Contest, a playful and humorous tradition that always draws a crowd. 1．Which aspect of the California Avocado Festival is emphasized in the first paragraph? A．The variety of activities offered at the festival. B．The economic impact of the avocado industry in California. C．The historical significance of avocado farming in Carpinteria. D．The festival’s influence on national avocado consumption trends. 2．Why was the California Avocado Festival created? A．To increase tourism in Carpinteria. B．To promote the use of avocados in everyday cooking. C．To provide a platform for local musicians and performers. D．To celebrate the region’s agricultural heritage and the avocado industry. 3．What can people do at the California Avocado Festival? A．Have a three-day vacation. B．Visit avocado-loving families. C．Attend experts’ lectures about avocados. D．Enjoy a wide variety of avocado-based dishes, 4．What can we learn about Avocado Pit Spitting Contest? A．It is a contest about making dishes, B．It is a stage for music performances. C．It is a fun event that brings in a large audience. D．It is a competition between chefs and enthusiasts. Passage 2 Heritages are unique and precious characteristics of a society that are passed down through generations. Without particular preservation efforts, many of these become lost in time. Africa is a continent with rich cultural heritage. Traditions like folk tales and dances by the moonlight, poem and other unique activities make up a large part of cultural heritage in Africa. Uganda’s Ekyogero traditional herbal (药草) bath is a famous tradition. It is a bath for newborn babies that is popular in many communities in Uganda. According to the culture, it makes the child strong and physically healthy. It is a herbal bath that is used to wash the baby and give it smooth skin. It is believed to bring good luck to the newborn and drive away curses (祸根) . It is also believed that modern medicine does not have answers for every condition. In fact, a lot of modern medical treatments are based on traditional applications of herbs. One unique thing about the Wodaabe people of Niger is the Guérewol competition. It is an annual marriage competition that has young men dancing and singing while dressed up with decorations and painted faces. As they dance and sing, they pat (轻拍) their eyes and show off their teeth to look more attractive. They intend to have one of the young girls of marriageable age fall in love with them and their skills. Among the Maasai people of Kenya and Northern Tanzania spitting is a sign of respect and honor. It is also seen as a form of positive greeting. If one spits on one’ s hands, which are then used to shake someone’s hand, it means a friendly greeting. When done on a single person, especially a baby, it means blessings (祝福) . Also, when a father spits on his daughter on her wedding day, it means wishes and blessings for a beautiful home. Today, most of the world is returning to its traditional ways or ideas. If countries like China, India, and Japan, who have long followed their traditional culture are doing well now, then Africa can do so too. It is time for Africans to get back to their roots by remembering and rebuilding their traditions. By taking part in a return to traditions, Africans will rebuild their diversity (多样性) of cultural heritage. 1．What do we know about the Ekyogero herbal bath? A．It’s a practice in the countryside of Uganda. B．It is a modern baby care practice. C．It becomes unpopular in modern times. D．It offers physical and spiritual benefits. 2．Why do young men dance and sing in the Guérewol competition? A．To make marriage funds. B．To celebrate the spring. C．To attract young girls. D．To display their costume. 3．How does a Maasai father express blessings to his wedding daughter? A．By shaking her hand. B．By patting her eyes. C．By showing off his teeth. D．By spitting on her daughter. 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards Africa’s recovering its heritage? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Worried. Passage 3 Thanksgiving is one of the most important holidays in the United States and Canada. Unlike many other American holidays, Thanksgiving isn’t about gifts, fireworks shows, or games, but about being with family, and giving thanks and celebrating your blessings (祝福). The modern Thanksgiving holiday is based on the Thanksgiving harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims, who were early English settlers (定居者). The Pilgrims landed in Plymouth Bay in modern-day Massachusetts in 1620. They celebrated Thanksgiving after their first successful harvest in 1621. That first holiday lasted for three days, and was attended by both Pilgrims and Native Americans and celebrated the friendship between them. During the previous winter, the Pilgrims had struggled to survive. Their crops had died in the sandy soil and they had trouble finding food. The winter in Massachusetts was much colder than the winters back in England. Half the Pilgrims died and more were at risk of dying. The local Native Americans provided the Pilgrims with food and supplies during the winter. The next summer, they also taught the Pilgrims several important survival skills like how to grow corn. This festival marked one of the first friendly exchanges between Pilgrims and Native Americans. Historically, Thanksgiving was celebrated at a time when most farmers were finished harvesting their crops. They would have a big dinner with their family and closest friends to celebrate their blessings and harvests. President Abraham Lincoln later established (确立) the tradition of a national and annual Thanksgiving holiday. While most Americans are no longer farmers, the tradition of celebrating blessings and food remains and the holiday is still held at harvest time, on the second Monday of October in Canada and on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States. 1．What makes Thanksgiving different from other American holidays according to the text? A．The close family tie. B．The holiday song. C．The love of shopping. D．The historical background. 2．What can we learn about Thanksgiving from the text? A．It was started by the British. B．It suggested a struggle for food. C．It got developed for medical purpose. D．It was first celebrated to honour the dead. 3．What did the Native Americans teach the Pilgrims? A．How to give directions. B．How to grow corn. C．How to take exercise. D．How to keep warm. 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The History of American Holidays B．The Kindness of the Native Americans C．An Introduction to Thanksgiving D．A Hidden Secret of a National Holiday Passage 4 20th Louisiana Book Festival The Louisiana Book Festival is a celebration of readers, writers and books in Louisiana. This year’s events are scheduled for 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. , Nov. 2, in downtown Baton Rouge. What can people expect? The festival is a full day of programming with authors presenting their books. After each program, the authors are scheduled for a book signing in the book tent, so you can see an author and then go to the book tent and get your book signed by the author. In the book tent, all of the featured books are available for purchase through our partner, Cavalier House Books in Denham Springs. How are books/authors selected? We have a selection committee, and anybody can recommend a book to us. It’s an ongoing process from one festival to another. As we find out about books, we start inviting authors continually throughout the year. Part of our mission is to be supportive of Louisiana authors and Louisiana publishers. So, we always find out from Louisiana publishers what books they have coming out in the next year before the festival. Special programming? We have someone coming to the festival who is an internationally recognized expert on the Beatles, Bruce Spizer. He’s done a series of books on different albums by the legendary band. One thing special that we’re doing this year is that we’re going to do a virtual, live program with James Lee Burke, a national bestseller from Louisiana. We have a full day of poetry too. The Lousiana Poet Laureate (桂冠诗人), Allison Pelegrin, will be hosting two panels that feature Louisiana poets. This year, poet David Kirby is receiving the Louisiana Writer Award. Many former award recipients will be returning as presenters. 1．What can visitors do after attending an author’s presentation? A．Buy books at a discounted price. B．Get their books signed by the author. C．Meet the author at Cavalier House Books. D．Acquire the donated books in the tent. 2．How does the festival select books and authors for its events? A．Only famous authors are invited. B．Only Louisiana residents can recommend books. C．Books must be submitted at least a year in advance. D．A selection committee considers public recommendations. 3．Who will be hosting panels featuring Louisiana poets? A．Bruce Spizer. B．James Lee Burke. C．Allison Pelegrin. D．David Kirby. Passage 5 On November 1, 1876, The New York Times, a newspaper, confidently declared Halloween would disappear forever. However, in 2024, consumers are expected to spend $11.6 billion celebrating the holiday, up from $3.3 billion in 2005. Perhaps it is time for the newspaper to eat some crow. Halloween, has transformed from a pagan (异教的) feast to a celebration with lovingly homemade costumes and treats to one of the largest consumer spending holidays in America. But how did this holiday with humble origins become an economic boost with global appeal? Halloween is a marketer’s dream, said Arnold, a finance professor. It falls on the same day every year. Halloween items are largely consumable, for candy needs to be met every year and kids outgrow costumes, and pop culture trends can help predict which costumes will be the must-haves each season. The 1970s brought mass-manufactured costumes and individually wrapped candy that made the holiday explode in popularity. It also shifted from a more religious holiday to mass celebration. Even when consumers are worried about their finances, they’ll still open their wallets for holidays like Halloween and Christmas, Professor Arnold said, because “it creates a unique experience at a particular time of the year.” “Even during the pandemic, consumers try to celebrate these two holidays,” he said. Trick-or-treating came about as a way to distract children who, by 1900, had taken over the holiday. Kids only played simple but mischievous pranks. However, as time passed and America began urbanizing, the pranks became very destructive. Communities needed a way to “buy off” gangs of naughty children who were frightening neighbors by damaging furniture, setting tires on fire and even tripping people on sidewalks. Neighborhood house-to-house parties were held for kids. This origin of trick-or-treat also provided the basis for today’s haunted attractions like haunted houses and mazes as people would set up “trails of terror” in their basements. 1．What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 “eat some crow” probably mean? A．Keep its promise. B．Make an apology. C．Announce something officially. D．Report an event. 2．What has Halloween changed into? A．A tradition that has already vanished. B．A holiday that drives people to spend. C．A festival that features decorations. D．A feast that is liked all over the world. 3．Why do people spend much on holidays like Halloween? A．To get fashionable costumes. B．To show their faith in the religion. C．To boost the economy in their way. D．To gain a special experience. 4．What is the origin of trick-or-treat? A．It is designed to keep children amused. B．It serves as a purpose of driving evils away. C．It is a way to keep children from playing destructive tricks. D．It is a method to strengthen the bond between kids and adults. Passage 6 In the remote villages of Western Alaska, a time-honored tradition known as “throwing parties” or “uqiquq” in the Yugtun language, means the commencement of the hunting and fishing season. This custom is deeply rooted in the community’s culture, serving as a celebration of not only the first catch but also significant life milestones such as graduations, births, and weddings. Mertarvik, a village situated a dozen miles from the Bering Sea, recently witnessed such a festive occasion. Mildred Tom, a local resident, took the initiative to organize this event to honor her daughter’s graduation and her grandchildren’s achievements. For several months, she had been carefully gathering and storing gifts in her home, preparing for the big day. The key of a throwing party lies in the joyous act of sharing. As the elders secure their positions among the gathering, Tom, along with her daughter Teddy Ann Bell and niece Amy Kassaili, engages in the heartwarming ceremony of tossing (投掷) gifts from a blue plastic container high into the air. The items, which include various candies, toys, and household items, represent a contemporary adaptation of the age-old practice of distributing the season’s first catch. As the distribution of gifts concludes, the younger members of the community search through the snow for any overlooked treasures. Each person departs with a special item, symbolizing the strengthening of communal (群体的) bonds that will last until the next throwing party in the fall. Safety and practicality are also considered in this celebration. Items that could pose a risk or are too large, such as wooden spoons, are carefully packed into canvas bags for distribution. The party serves double purpose, not only as a family celebration but also as a vital community gathering. This tradition stands as a symbol of the resilience (韧性) and solidarity of Western Alaska’s people, who depend on one another and their natural surroundings for life and a sense of belonging. 1．What does the underlined word “commencement” mean in paragraph 1? A．Conditions. B．Custom. C．Experiences. D．Beginning. 2．What are paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about? A．How to stay safe at the throwing party. B．How the throwing party has developed. C．How Tom’s family hold the throwing party. D．How to make the throwing party heartwarming. 3．What was the throwing party initially intended to do? A．Distribute the season’s first catch. B．Celebrate life’s significant milestones. C．Honor the achievements of family members. D．Attract people to participate in a community gathering. 4．What’s the spirit of throwing parties? A．Sharing and unity. B．Courage and bond. C．Excellence and strength. D．Creativity and optimism. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$