精品解析：天津市和平区天津市第二南开学校2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

第二南开学校2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级英语 学科期中质量调查 温馨提示：本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分。 考试时间100分钟。祝同学们考试顺利！ 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共75分） 注意事项： 1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号涂写在答题卡上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号、答在试卷上的无效。 3. 本卷共60小题，共75分。 第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. —What a lovely day it is! Let’s go for a walk in the park. —I’d love to, but I feel ______. A. under the weather B. quite well C. on top of the world D. quite myself 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—多么美好的一天啊！我们去公园散步吧。—我很想去，但我觉得身体不舒服。A. under the weather身体不适，有点小病；B. quite well相当好；C. on top of the world心情极好，感觉棒极了；D. quite myself（指身体或精神状态）恢复正常，感觉舒服自在。根据转折连词but可知，此处表示想要接受去散步的邀请，但是身体不太舒服。故选A。 2. According to the school rule, no child ________ be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his or her parents. A. should B. shall C. must D. can 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据学校规定，除非由父母陪同，否则任何儿童不得离开学校。A.should应该；B.shall将要，可以（用于第二和第三人称的陈述句时，有“警告、规定、命令、威胁、允诺”等）；C. must必须；D.can可以。分析语境可知，本句中含有规定或警告的意思，故用shall。故选B。 3. We listened to the hero who saved a boy from the fire, ________ his story in detail. A. having told B. to tell C. tell D. told 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们听了从火灾中救出一个男孩的英雄详细地讲述了他的故事。分析句子成分可知，定语从句who saved a boy from the fire是插入语，listen to sb. do sth.听到某人做某事，根据in detail可知此处表示我们听到了英雄救出男孩的全过程。故选C项。 4. ________ students do at the college matters much more than where they travel. A. Which B. Where C. What D. When 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么比他们去哪里旅行更重要。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”应用what引导。故选C。 5. ________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, ________ many students to our school. A. It： draw B. Which： draw C. What： draws D. As： draws 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和体育活动，吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知，第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以连接词what；as well as 连接两个主语，谓语动词的形式由前一个主语决定，因此draw 的形式是由the outstanding academic atmosphere确定的，结合语境可知，此处为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 6. —How can I find your brother at the airport? —Don’t worry. He________ a board with your name on it at that time. A. has held B. has been holding C. will be holding D. will have held 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——我在机场怎么能找到你哥哥？——不要担心。到那时，他手里会拿着一块写着你名字的牌子。根据后文“at that time”可知，表示将来某一时刻某一动作正在进行，应用将来进行时。故选C。 7. —This new dress code ______ to everyone at work, employees and employers alike. —Yes, there is no exception. A. contributes B. submits C. applies D. adds 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——新的着装规范适用于工作中的每个人，员工和雇主都一样。——是的，没有例外。A. contributes贡献于；B. submits递交；C. applies适合，应用；D. adds增加。根据句意可知，此处意为“适用于”，表达为apply to，故应用动词applies，故选C。 8. She will give ______ needs help a warm support, ______ gains her a good reputation in her community. A. who; which B. whoever; which C. what; that D. whomever; that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查从句。句意：她会给任何需要帮助的人一个温暖的支持，这使她在社区中获得了良好的声誉。第一个空为宾语从句，从句缺主语，泛指，表示“无论谁”，连接词为whoever；第二个空引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前句作主语，应用关系代词which。故选B项。 9. As George Martin says, a reader lives a thousand lives ______ he dies, while the man who never reads lives only one. A. before B. when C. since D. as 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：正如乔治·马丁所说，一个读书的人在他死前经历了一千种生活，而从不读书的人只经历了一种生活。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时；C. since自从……；因为；；D. as随着；当……时。before引导时间状语从句，说明主句动作的先后顺序。句意强调读书的人在死前经历多种生活。故选A。 10. Don't waste time on jealousy, because life is a long race, ________ your only opponent is yourself in the end. A. which B. as C. where D. when 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查定语从句关联词。句意：不要因嫉妒他人虚度光阴，因为生活是一场漫长的比赛，你最终唯一的对手就是你自己。A. which哪个；B. as正如；C. where哪里；D. when在…时候。空格后为定语从句的从句部分修饰前面的先行词race，从句部分主干完整，但缺少状语，先行词race在从句中充当地点状语，看作抽象地点。故选C。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） This afternoon I was driving home after visiting my mom. I took the route that was more like a canyon (峡谷) drive with beautiful sceneries. ____11____ I heard a pop. I knew what happened—a big flat tire! I ____12____ to the side, but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder space. What’s worse, it ____13____ to be around a bend that people couldn’t see me, which made the situation ____14____. Cars were passing me with no ____15____ of slowing down. I got ____16____ in the car, feeling very ____17____. After what seemed a few hours, I ____18____ a car stopping at a distance behind me. A gentleman ____19____ out and signaled to other drivers. With his help, I _____20_____ to walk out of the car very carefully. Then he moved my car a bit out of the way while I was _____21_____ AAA to seek help. After much back and forth, they said _____22_____ they gave me priority (优先权) since I was in a dangerous place, they needed at least 20-30 minutes to send _____23_____. The gentleman offered to check my spare tire while I was making the call. _____24_____, by the time I was done with AAA, the gentleman had changed my _____25_____ ! I felt a wave of _____26_____ coming over me. I told him if he hadn’t stopped by and helped me, I would have felt _____27_____. He just laughed. Even after we _____28_____, I saw in my mirror that the car just followed me to _____29_____ I was OK. I thought how _____30_____ I was to be the receiver of such kindness in a hot dry afternoon. Bad things can happen, but life will bend toward goodness. 11. A. Carefully B. Suddenly C. Patiently D. Frequently 12. A. pulled over B. set up C. broke down D. got away 13. A. used B. seemed C. ought D. happened 14. A. dangerous B. safe C. wonderful D. typical 15. A. way B. background C. sign D. reward 16. A. locked B. trapped C. fastened D. injured 17. A. relaxed B. determined C. delighted D. worried 18. A. noticed B. felt C. imagined D. missed 19. A. fell B. took C. stepped D. blocked 20. A. dared B. failed C. desired D. hesitated 21. A. interviewing B. contacting C. investigating D. challenging 22. A. as if B. if only C. in case D. even though 23. A. shelter B. medicine C. equipment D. assistance 24. A. Surprisingly B. Slightly C. Unbearably D. Doubfully 25. A. lights B. handle C. tire D. wheel 26. A. confidence B. gratitude C. passion D. panic 27. A. boring B. unique C. worthless D. helpless 28. A. talked B. laughed C. parted D. quarreled 29. A. ensure B. defend C. evaluate D. support 30. A. satisfied B. lucky C. proud D. reliable 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。“我”在山路上驾驶时车胎爆了，在无助时“我”得到了一个陌生人的帮助。 【11题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：突然我听到砰的一声。A.Carefully仔细地；B.Suddenly突然地；C.Patiently耐心地；D.Frequently频繁地。根据“I took the route that was more like a canyon (峡谷) drive with beautiful sceneries.”（我选择的路线更像是一条风景优美的峡谷车道。）可知，此处是指突然听到砰的一声。故选B。 【12题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我把车停在路边，但这是一条峡谷路，路肩空间不大。A.pulled over靠边停车；B.set up建立；C.broke down抛锚；D.got away逃离。根据“ but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder space”可知，此处是指把车停在路边。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，它碰巧在一个拐弯处，人们看不到我，这使情况很危险。A.used过去常常；B.seemed似乎；C.ought应该；D.happened碰巧。根据“to be around a bend that people couldn’t see me”可知，碰巧处于拐弯处，人们看不到我。故选D。 【14题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，它碰巧在一个拐弯处，人们看不到我，这使情况很危险。A.dangerous危险的；B.safe安全的；C.wonderful精彩的；D.typical典型的。根据“people couldn’t see me”可知，这使情况很危险。故选A。 【15题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：汽车从我身边驶过，丝毫没有减速的迹象。A.way方法；B.background背景；C.sign迹象；D.reward奖励。根据上文“ people couldn’t see me”可知，人们看不到我，因此司机没有减速的迹象。故选C。 【16题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：我困在了车里，很担心。A.locked锁；B.trapped困住；C.fastened 使固定；D.injured 伤害，损害。根据后文“With his help, I dared to walk out of the car very carefully. ”（在他的帮助下，我才敢非常小心地走出汽车。）可知，因为只有在他的帮助下，“我”才敢非常小心地走出汽车，所以“我”是困在汽车里了。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：我困在了车里，很担心。A.relaxed放松的；B.determined坚定的；C.delighted高兴的；D.worried担心的。根据“With his help, I dared to walk out of the car very carefully.”可知，“我”很担心。故选D。 【18题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：似乎过了几个小时，我注意到一辆车停在和我有一段距离的地方。A.noticed注意到；B.felt感觉；C.imagined想象；D.missed思念。根据“a car stopping at a distance behind me”可知，此处是指“我”注意到一辆车停在和“我”有一段距离的地方。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：一位绅士走了出来，向其他司机示意。A.fell掉落；B.took拿走；C.stepped走；D.blocked阻塞。根据“With his help”可知，他从车里走出来帮助了“我”。故选C。 【20题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，我敢非常小心地走出汽车。A.dared敢于；B.failed失败；C.desired希望；D.hesitated犹豫。根据“With his help”可知，在他的帮助下，我才敢非常小心地走出汽车。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：然后他把我的车挪开了一点，我联系汽车协会寻求帮助。A.interviewing采访；B.contacting联系；C.investigating调查；D.challenging挑战。根据“while I was making the call”（在我打电话的时候）可知，此处是指“我”在联系汽车协会。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查连词辨析。句意：经过反复的交涉，他们说尽管他们给了我优先权，因为我在一个危险的地方，他们至少需要20-30分钟来援助。A.as if似乎；B.if only要是……就好了；C.in case万一；D.even though尽管。“they gave me priority (优先权) since I was in a dangerous place”和“they needed at least 20-30 minutes”构成转折关系，所以此处为让步状语从句。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：经过反复的交涉，他们说尽管他们给了我优先权，因为我在一个危险的地方，他们至少需要20-30分钟来援助。A.shelter避难所；B.medicine医疗；C.equipment设备；D.assistance帮助。根据“to seek help”可知，此处是指援助。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查副词辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，当我和汽车协会交涉完的时候，那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎！A.Surprisingly令人惊讶的是；B.Slightly轻微地；C.Unbearably无法忍受的是；D.Doubfully怀疑地。“我”本来是联系汽车协会寻求帮助，但是那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎，所以这很令人惊讶。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，当我和汽车协会交涉完的时候，那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎！A.lights灯；B.handle把手；C.tire轮胎；D.wheel车轮。根据“The gentleman offered to check my spare tire”（他还主动帮我检查备胎）可知，那位先生已经帮我换好了轮胎。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：我感到一阵感激之情涌上心头。A.confidence信心；B.gratitude感激；C.passion激情；D.panic慌张。根据“I told him if he hadn’t stopped by and helped me, I would have felt helpless.”（我告诉他，如果他不过来帮我，我就会感到无助。）可知，“我”非常感激。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：我告诉他，如果他不过来帮我，我就会感到无助。A.boring无趣的；B.unique独特的；C.worthless无价值的；D.helpless无助的。根据“if he hadn’t stopped by and helped me”可知，此处是指“我”会感到无助。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：甚至在我们分开后，我从镜子里看到那辆车一直跟着我，以确保我没事。A.talked交谈；B.laughed大笑；C.parted分开；D.quarreled吵架。根据“I saw in my mirror that the car just followed me”可知，此处是指两人分开驾驶各自的车。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：甚至在我们分开后，我从镜子里看到那辆车一直跟着我，以确保我没事。A.ensure确保；B.defend保护；C.evaluate评价；D.support支持。根据“I was OK”可知，此处是指确保我没事。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词辨析。句意：我想我是多么幸运，能在一个炎热干燥的下午接受这样的好意。A.satisfied满意的；B.lucky幸运的；C.proud骄傲的；D.reliable可靠的。根据“I was to be the receiver of such kindness in a hot dry afternoon”可知，这很幸运。故选B。 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分30分） (A) Guided Desert Adventure Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness. Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only. 31. What kind of experiences can participants expect from this trip? A. Taking a sand bathing on the top of a sand dune. B. Exploring the expansive desert freely on a camel ride. C. An exciting day adventure filled with diverse activities. D. Capturing the breathtaking desert landscape with a camera. 32. How much does a group of four university students need to pay for taking the 14:00 tour? A. US$ 180. B. US$ 220. C. US$ 265. D. US$ 400. 33. Which of the following is most likely to be a review from a former participant of the tour? A. The show was great! I highly recommend! B. It was a lot of fun and I enjoyed every minute of it. C. The place is cool, easy to find and get to with metro. D Arrive early for tickets to avoid a long queue. 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，为一个沙漠冒险的探险指南和费用信息。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章图片下第一段“With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert.(参加这次旅行，您将有半天的时间在沙漠中进行冒险活动)”及第二段“You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area.(您将开车前往一个高沙丘顶部的景点来开始你的旅程，有机会在该地区拍照)”可知，在此活动中，参与者可以用相机捕捉令人惊叹的沙漠景观。故选D。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Select time中US$ 55并结合最后一段“Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only.(中午之后开始的旅游包括有糖果和水果的烧烤晚餐，每人只需额外支付45美元)”可知，下午2点的旅程要每个人另外加45美元，即，一共需要花费（55+45）*4=400美元。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Guided Desert Adventure(沙漠探险指南)”可知，这是一个探险活动，而非表演；根据文章图片下第二段“You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert.(您将开车前往一个高沙丘顶部的景点，有机会在该地区拍照。在沙丘的顶端，您将有机会通过滑板滑下。从这里开始，你将准备好乘坐四轮驱动汽车去打一些沙丘。接下来，你将跳上一辆四轮摩托车，有时间在露天的沙漠里开车。最后，你将在沙漠的一小部分骑骆驼)”可知，旅行工具里没有提到地铁；观察图片可知，这是网上订购的，并非需要提前到买票，因此，之前参加过的人可能会评论“这很有趣，我享受其中的每一分钟。”故选B。 (B) When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 34. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 35. In her 30s, the author _________. A. avoided oil painting practice B. sought for a painting career C. fancied abstract painting D. exhibited child paintings 36. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 37. What can we learn from this passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Hard work is the mother of success. C. Dreams are the reflections of realities. D. Creative activities involve being confident. 【答案】34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.(我觉得很难，但仍希望能通过测试。我没有通过，而且成绩很低。我过于自信了。现在，我被宣布为毫无(油画)天赋的人了)”并结合下文中作者多年不碰油画的经历可推知，作者对美术考试的结果感到气馁。故选C。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art.(在我30多岁时，我结交了画家朋友们，学到了看待艺术的新方法)”和“Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. (虽然这些新朋友是使用油画颜料的抽象画师，或者是版画家或雕塑家，但我把油画作为禁忌的高级形式，不允许我练习)”可知，作者在30多岁时回避练习油画。故选A。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. (这个梦给我的感觉是如此的权威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一种形式，让我回我失去了的东西)”可知，作者的梦赋予作者练习油画的力量。故选B。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. (成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到我总是害怕想要得太多)”及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。由此可推知，我们能从文章中学到创作活动需要自信，故选D。 (C) In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-old alchemists’ dream of magically turning base metals into gold, conducted a series of experiments that would forever change our understanding of elements. Brand’s journey began with an assumption that the key to creating “gold” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the observation that urine shared a similar yellow color with the precious metal. Acting on this belief, Brand collected an astonishing 5000 liters of urine and allowed it to stand and ferment (发酵). After weeks of fermentation, Brand boiled the urine down to a thick, sticky substance. He then mixed this paste with sand and heated the mixture to an extreme temperature. What emerged from this process was a substance that was entirely new to the world of science — a white solid that shone with a soft light in the dark. Brand named this glowing material “phosphorus,” originating from the Greek words for “light bearer.” The discovery of phosphorus was not just a scientific breakthrough; it captured the imagination of the public and the scientific community alike. Its ability to give off light in the darkness was both fascinating and mysterious. The implications of Brand’s discovery were far-reaching. Phosphorus was not only a novelty but also a substance with practical applications. It would later become an essential component in the production of matches, fertilizers, and various chemicals. Hennig Brand’s accidental discovery of phosphorus in 1669 was more than just finding a new element; it marked the end of the era of the period of magic chemistry and the beginning of modern chemistry. Brand’s phosphorus, once sought as a means to wealth, became a cornerstone in the field of science, a clear demonstration of power of curiosity and the unexpected paths that can lead to enlightenment. 38. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The fall of ancient alchemists and the rise of modern chemists. B. The accidental discovery of phosphorus and its scientific impact. C. The importance of human urine in scientific experiments. D. The transformation of base metals into gold through magic. 39. What was Hennig Brand’s initial goal when he started his experiments? A. To turn human urine into gold. B. To discover a new element. C. To produce a glowing substance. D. To reform modern chemistry. 40. The underlined word “cornerstone” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A. mystery B. symbol C. obstacle D. foundation 41. What can be inferred about Hennig Brand from the passage? A. He was a serious chemist who followed established scientific methods. B. He was a visionary scientist who predicted the future of chemistry. C. He was a curious individual willing to explore unconventional ideas. D. He was a wealthy trader with a deep understanding of chemistry. 【答案】38. B 39. A 40. D 41. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了商人亨尼格·布兰德是如何意外发现了磷这种物质的，以及其发现的深远意义。 【38题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-old alchemists’ dream of magically turning base metals into gold, conducted a series of experiments that would forever change our understanding of elements.(1669年，一位名叫亨尼格·布兰德的德国商人开始了一项不寻常的探索，这项探索将导致化学史上最令人着迷的发现之一。长久以来，炼金术士梦想着神奇地将贱金属变成黄金，布兰德在这个梦想的驱使下，进行了一系列的实验，这些实验将永远改变我们对元素的理解)”以及第四段“Brand named this glowing material “phosphorus,” originating from the Greek words for “light bearer.” The discovery of phosphorus was not just a scientific breakthrough; it captured the imagination of the public and the scientific community alike. Its ability to give off light in the darkness was both fascinating and mysterious.(布兰德将这种发光材料命名为“磷”，这个词来源于希腊语，意思是“光的承担者”。磷的发现不仅是科学上的突破；它吸引了公众和科学界的想象力。它在黑暗中发光的能力既迷人又神秘)”结合文章主要说明了商人亨尼格·布兰德是如何意外发现了磷这种物质的，以及其发现的深远意义。可知，这篇文章的主旨是磷的偶然发现及其科学影响。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Brand’s journey began with an assumption that the key to creating “gold” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the observation that urine shared a similar yellow color with the precious metal. Acting on this belief, Brand collected an astonishing 5000 liters of urine and allowed it to stand and ferment (发酵).(布兰德的旅程始于一个假设，即创造“黄金”的关键存在于人的尿液中。这个看似奇怪的想法是由于观察到尿液和贵金属有相似的黄色。基于这一信念，布兰德收集了惊人的5000升尿液，并让它静置发酵)”可知，亨尼格·布兰德开始实验时的最初目标是把人尿变成金子。故选A。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“it marked the end of the era of the period of magic chemistry and the beginning of modern chemistry.(它标志着神奇化学时代的结束和现代化学的开始)”以及后文“in the field of science”可知，磷的发现标志着神奇化学时代的结束和现代化学的开始，说明是科学领域的基础。故划线词cornerstone意思是“基础”，与foundation意思相近。故选D。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry.(1669年，一位名叫亨尼格·布兰德的德国商人开始了一项不寻常的探索，这项探索将导致化学史上最令人着迷的发现之一)”以及最后一段“Brand’s phosphorus, once sought as a means to wealth, became a cornerstone in the field of science, a clear demonstration of power of curiosity and the unexpected paths that can lead to enlightenment.(布兰德的“磷”曾被视为致富的手段，如今却成为科学领域的基石，清楚地展示了好奇心的力量，以及通往启蒙的意外之路)”可知，亨尼·布兰德是个具有好奇心的人，愿意探索非传统的想法。故选C。 (D) The playing field is never even or equal. Your skills and attitudes play a major role in the outcome. Knowing what you can do to have an advantage can make the difference between success and failure. My kids tell me it’s unfair to play with the big children. I tell them that’s right. Unfairness is a good thing. There is more to be gained by the effort when things seem unfair. It is true that many things in the world are unfair. But unfair things usually can be a boon to you. For example, the early bird catches the worm. It is unfair that the bird that sleeps in misses out on breakfast but it is nice to know that if it gets up early it is sure to get the worm. I always try to explain to my kids that complaining about how unfair something is will get them nowhere. Instead, make the most out of it and get on the other side of it. Once you do that, you are in the advantage. Above all, you have to focus on gaining that unfair advantage and in order to do that, build your inner strength. When you empower (武装) yourself, you are gaining skills or abilities, confidence and self-esteem (自尊). You should look at your place in the world. Where do you want to be financially, spiritually, emotionally, and physically? You are creating your own story when you empower yourself. You can build all the advantages that you need to live the life that you want. If you haven’t yet, you need to make a list of all the things you want to experience in your new life. This will help you focus on building advantages so that you never have to say that it’s Not Fair. When you do this, then you will be able to realize that unfairness is a good thing and you will want to teach those around you to see unfairness in this way, too. 42. What can we infer from the example of the playing field used by the author? A. The author wants to introduce his topic. B. The author wants to support his opinion. C. He wants to tell us that having an advantage is needed. D. He wants to show skills and attitudes are important in playing games. 43. What is the best way to deal with unfairness according to the author? A. Just accept it. B. Try to change it. C Simply ignore it. D. Make good use of it. 44. You are told to look at your place in the world in order to ______. A. make yourself better B. be proud of yourself C. have more confidence D. know others’ advantages 45. What is the text mainly about? A. The way to live a happy life. B. The right attitude to unfairness. C. Being patient enough to succeed. D. Staying calm when treated badly. 【答案】42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍作者对不公平的看法，倡导积极应对不公平。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段“The playing field is never even or equal. Your skills and attitudes play a major role in the outcome. Knowing what you can do to have an advantage can make the difference between success and failure.(竞争环境从来都不是平坦或平等的。你的技能和态度在结果中起着重要作用。知道自己能做什么来获得优势，可能会决定成功与失败。)” 可知，作者用“竞争环境”的例子是为了引出“不公平”这一话题。故选A项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Instead, make the most out of it and get on the other side of it.(相反，要充分利用它，并站在它的另一边。)”可知，作者认为应对不公平的最佳方式是充分利用它。故选D项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You should look at your place in the world. Where do you want to be financially, spiritually, emotionally, and physically? You are creating your own story when you empower yourself.(你应该审视自己在世界上的位置。你想在经济、精神、情感和身体上处于什么位置？当你武装自己时，你正在创造自己的故事。)”可知，审视自己的位置是为了通过自我提升让自己变得更好。故选A项。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“But unfair things usually can be a boon to you.(但不公平的事情通常会成为你的恩惠。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要探讨如何以积极态度看待和应对不公平。故选B项。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共25分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Graduating from high school is a momentous occasion in any young person’s life, and many choose to have a big party to celebrate those four years of hard work. However, Leanne Carrasco, a Texas teen, decided that she didn’t want a party for herself, and instead she chose to host a pizza party for the homeless as a way to celebrate her big day. The teen explained why she made a decision to think of others instead of herself on such a milestone occasion. She said, “Not a lot of people have the same options as me. There are a lot of people who need help. So I give it.” Although Carrasco had volunteered at the Star of Hope’s Women and Family Development Center with her family over the years, this time she decided to enlist the help of friends and fellow students to pull off the party. Not only did Carrasco provide about 90 pizzas for the residents of the shelter but she and her friends also collected 400 personal care bags to give out to those in need. Clearly, Carrasco’s actions had an impact on the shelter residents and the administration. “The teens had respect for these people.” Scott Arthur, a spokesman for Star of Hope said. “The residents saw this as a proof that people do care. To express their gratitude, they gave Carrasco a standing ovation (鼓掌欢呼) while many lined up to give the teenager hug and personally thanked her for her thoughtfulness.” All in all, Carrasco and her friends served lunch to about 200 people during their pizza party. “It was a very magical day,” Arthur said. “It gives you a hope for the youth of today. They (the high schoolers) were able to think of other people.” 46. How did Carrasco celebrate her high school graduation day?(no more than 15 words) 47. Why did Carrasco choose to think of others instead of herself?(no more than 10 words) 48. What does the underlined word “enlist” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?(1 word) 49. How did residents of the shelter feel about Carrasco’s actions?(no more than 10 words) 50. How would you like to celebrate your high school graduation day? Please explain.(no more than 20 words) 【答案】46. By hosting a pizza party for the homeless. 47. Because she thought a lot of people needed help. 48. Gain. 49. They were grateful and excited. 50. To hang out with my friends. Because it's difficult for us to meet again. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。德克萨斯州的青少年Leanne Carrasco为无家可归者举办披萨派对，以此来庆祝自己的高中毕业。 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“However, Leanne Carrasco, a Texas teen, decided that she didn’t want a party for herself, and instead she chose to host a pizza party for the homeless as a way to celebrate her big day.”(然而，德克萨斯州的青少年Leanne Carrasco决定，她不想为自己举办派对，而是选择为无家可归者举办披萨派对，以此来庆祝自己的大喜日子。)可知，Carrasco为无家可归者举办了一个披萨派对，以此来庆祝她的高中毕业日。根据要求，答案不超过10个单词。故答案为By hosting a pizza party for the homeless. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段倒第二句“There are a lot of people who need help.”(有很多人需要帮助。)可知，因为她认为很多人需要帮助，所以选择考虑别人而不是自己。根据“Why did”可知，此处应用一般过去时。根据要求，答案不超过10个单词。故答案为Because she thought a lot of people needed help. 【48题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据第三段第一句中的“the help of friends and fellow students”(朋友和同学的帮助)和最后一句中的“she and her friends also collected 400 personal care bags to give out to those in need”(她和她的朋友们还收集了400个个人护理袋，分发给那些需要帮助的人)可知，她的朋友们也帮助她做这些事，所以此处是指获得朋友和同学的帮助。enlist意为“获得”。根据要求，答案不超过1个单词。故答案为Gain。 【49题详解】 考查推理判断。根据倒第二段最后一句“To express their gratitude, they gave Carrasco a standing ovation (鼓掌欢呼) while many lined up to give the teenager hug and personally thanked her for her thoughtfulness.”(为了表达他们的感激之情，他们起立给Carrasco鼓掌，而许多人排队给青少年拥抱，并亲自感谢她的体贴。)可知，收容所的居民对Carrasco的行动感到感激和兴奋。根据“How did”可知，此处应用一般过去时。根据要求，答案不超过10个单词。故答案为They were grateful and excited. 【50题详解】 考查开放性回答。根据题干可知，考生应先表明想如何庆祝自己的高中毕业，再表明原因。根据要求，答案不超过20个单词。例如，可以说想和朋友们闲逛，原因是以后再见就很难了。故答案为To hang out with my friends. Because it's difficult for us to meet again. 第二节：书面表达（满分15分） 51. 假设你是李津，你在一个英文网站上看到英国专家David开辟的名为“我的成长”的专栏，他希望大家分享心目中“对自己成长影响最大的人”。David认为，在每个人的成长中，总会遇到对自己有积极影响的人，这是我们永远要珍惜的。请你用英文发帖，内容应包括： （1）你对David的观点的看法； （2）对你影响最大的人； （3）如何影响你的成长； （4）期待大家回复。 注意： （1）词数不少于100； （2）开头已给出（不计入总词数）。 I am a high school student from China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 I am a high school student from China. It’s my great honor to see the column put up on the Internet by David. I’m in favor of David and agree with him. I would like to share with you about a person, who has an important influence on me. The person is my teacher. He has taught me for nearly three years. When I am in trouble, or feel depressed, he always encourages me to be optimistic. He often says “Nothing is difficult to a willing heart. If you adopt a positive attitude towards life, you will achieve better results.” I remembered the time when I failed the exam and wanted to give it up. It is he who stands by me and inspires me to try again. Since then, I have regained confidence and continued to struggle. This is my story. I’m looking forward to your reply. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇开放性作文。要求考生就英国专家David开辟的名为“我的成长”的专栏用英文发帖，陈述对他观点的看法，以及对自己影响最大的人。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 影响：influence→impact 沮丧的，消沉的：depressed→ gloomy 乐观的： positive→optimistic 鼓舞，激励：encourage→inspire 2. 句式拓展 原句：I remembered the time when I failed the exam and wanted to give it up. 拓展句：The time when I failed the exam and was on the verge of giving up is still vivid in my memory. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】It is he who stands by me and inspires me to try again.（运用了强调句结构） 【高分句型 2】When I am in trouble, or feel depressed, he always encourages me to be optimistic.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 第四节：听力理解（每小题1分，共15分） 一、听力短对话 52. How does Anna feel about chemistry? A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Hopeless. 53. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 54. How does the woman go to work this week? A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot. 55. What’s the man going to do? A. Do his work. B. See a doctor. C. Take some medicine. 56. Who does the man probably call? A. His doctor. B. His boss. C. His friend. 二、听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 57. Why is Jack leaving early? A. To avoid getting stuck in traffic. B. To enjoy the scenery on the way. C. To buy some gifts for his family. 58. What does Judy often do at the railway station? A. Read books. B. Call some friends. C. Look around the shops. 59. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. What to do next year. B. Where to go for vacations. C. How to pass the waiting time. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 60. Where does the conversation take place? A At a restaurant. B. At a bus stop. C. At the train station. 61. When will the man’s sister arrive? A. At 4:10. B. At 4:20. C. At 4:30. 62. How often does the No. 1 bus run? A. Every 5 minutes. B. Every 10 minutes. C. Every 15 minutes. 三、听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 63. When will the first storm arrive? A. Today. B. This weekend. C. Next week. 64. Which city will have fog? A. New York City. B. Saint Paul. C. Boston. 65. For whom will the ice cause problems according to the speaker? A. People traveling on foot. B. People driving on the road. C. People celebrating by the water. 66. What will the weather be like in Chicago? A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Windy 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第二南开学校2024-2025学年度第二学期高二年级英语 学科期中质量调查 温馨提示：本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分。 考试时间100分钟。祝同学们考试顺利！ 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共75分） 注意事项： 1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号涂写在答题卡上。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号、答在试卷上的无效。 3. 本卷共60小题，共75分。 第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. —What a lovely day it is! Let’s go for a walk in the park. —I’d love to, but I feel ______. A. under the weather B. quite well C. on top of the world D. quite myself 2. According to the school rule, no child ________ be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his or her parents. A. should B. shall C. must D. can 3. We listened to the hero, who saved a boy from the fire, ________ his story in detail. A. having told B. to tell C. tell D. told 4. ________ students do at the college matters much more than where they travel. A. Which B. Where C. What D. When 5. ________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, ________ many students to our school. A It： draw B. Which： draw C. What： draws D. As： draws 6. —How can I find your brother at the airport? —Don’t worry. He________ a board with your name on it at that time. A. has held B. has been holding C. will be holding D. will have held 7. —This new dress code ______ to everyone at work, employees and employers alike. —Yes, there is no exception. A. contributes B. submits C. applies D. adds 8. She will give ______ needs help a warm support, ______ gains her a good reputation in her community. A. who; which B. whoever; which C. what; that D. whomever; that 9. As George Martin says, a reader lives a thousand lives ______ he dies, while the man who never reads lives only one. A. before B. when C. since D. as 10. Don't waste time on jealousy, because life is a long race, ________ your only opponent is yourself in the end. A. which B. as C. where D. when 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） This afternoon I was driving home after visiting my mom. I took the route that was more like a canyon (峡谷) drive with beautiful sceneries. ____11____ I heard a pop. I knew what happened—a big flat tire! I ____12____ to the side, but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder space. What’s worse, it ____13____ to be around a bend that people couldn’t see me, which made the situation ____14____. Cars were passing me with no ____15____ of slowing down. I got ____16____ in the car, feeling very ____17____. After what seemed a few hours, I ____18____ a car stopping at a distance behind me. A gentleman ____19____ out and signaled to other drivers. With his help, I _____20_____ to walk out of the car very carefully. Then he moved my car a bit out of the way while I was _____21_____ AAA to seek help. After much back and forth, they said _____22_____ they gave me priority (优先权) since I was in a dangerous place, they needed at least 20-30 minutes to send _____23_____. The gentleman offered to check my spare tire while I was making the call. _____24_____, by the time I was done with AAA, the gentleman had changed my _____25_____ ! I felt a wave of _____26_____ coming over me. I told him if he hadn’t stopped by and helped me, I would have felt _____27_____. He just laughed. Even after we _____28_____, I saw in my mirror that the car just followed me to _____29_____ I was OK. I thought how _____30_____ I was to be the receiver of such kindness in a hot dry afternoon. Bad things can happen, but life will bend toward goodness. 11. A. Carefully B. Suddenly C. Patiently D. Frequently 12. A. pulled over B. set up C. broke down D. got away 13. A. used B. seemed C. ought D. happened 14. A. dangerous B. safe C. wonderful D. typical 15. A. way B. background C. sign D. reward 16. A. locked B. trapped C. fastened D. injured 17. A. relaxed B. determined C. delighted D. worried 18. A. noticed B. felt C. imagined D. missed 19. A. fell B. took C. stepped D. blocked 20. A. dared B. failed C. desired D. hesitated 21. A. interviewing B. contacting C. investigating D. challenging 22. A. as if B. if only C. in case D. even though 23. A. shelter B. medicine C. equipment D. assistance 24. A. Surprisingly B. Slightly C. Unbearably D. Doubfully 25. A. lights B. handle C. tire D. wheel 26. A. confidence B. gratitude C. passion D. panic 27. A. boring B. unique C. worthless D. helpless 28. A. talked B. laughed C. parted D. quarreled 29. A. ensure B. defend C. evaluate D. support 30. A. satisfied B. lucky C. proud D. reliable 第三节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分30分） (A) Guided Desert Adventure Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness. Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only. 31. What kind of experiences can participants expect from this trip? A. Taking a sand bathing on the top of a sand dune. B. Exploring the expansive desert freely on a camel ride. C An exciting day adventure filled with diverse activities. D. Capturing the breathtaking desert landscape with a camera. 32 How much does a group of four university students need to pay for taking the 14:00 tour? A. US$ 180. B. US$ 220. C. US$ 265. D. US$ 400. 33. Which of the following is most likely to be a review from a former participant of the tour? A. The show was great! I highly recommend! B. It was a lot of fun and I enjoyed every minute of it. C. The place is cool, easy to find and get to with metro. D. Arrive early for tickets to avoid a long queue. (B) When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 34. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 35. In her 30s, the author _________. A. avoided oil painting practice B. sought for a painting career C. fancied abstract painting D. exhibited child paintings 36. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 37. What can we learn from this passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Hard work is the mother of success. C. Dreams are the reflections of realities. D. Creative activities involve being confident. (C) In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-old alchemists’ dream of magically turning base metals into gold, conducted a series of experiments that would forever change our understanding of elements. Brand’s journey began with an assumption that the key to creating “gold” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the observation that urine shared a similar yellow color with the precious metal. Acting on this belief, Brand collected an astonishing 5000 liters of urine and allowed it to stand and ferment (发酵). After weeks of fermentation, Brand boiled the urine down to a thick, sticky substance. He then mixed this paste with sand and heated the mixture to an extreme temperature. What emerged from this process was a substance that was entirely new to the world of science — a white solid that shone with a soft light in the dark. Brand named this glowing material “phosphorus,” originating from the Greek words for “light bearer.” The discovery of phosphorus was not just a scientific breakthrough; it captured the imagination of the public and the scientific community alike. Its ability to give off light in the darkness was both fascinating and mysterious. The implications of Brand’s discovery were far-reaching. Phosphorus was not only a novelty but also a substance with practical applications. It would later become an essential component in the production of matches, fertilizers, and various chemicals. Hennig Brand’s accidental discovery of phosphorus in 1669 was more than just finding a new element; it marked the end of the era of the period of magic chemistry and the beginning of modern chemistry. Brand’s phosphorus, once sought as a means to wealth, became a cornerstone in the field of science, a clear demonstration of power of curiosity and the unexpected paths that can lead to enlightenment. 38. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The fall of ancient alchemists and the rise of modern chemists. B. The accidental discovery of phosphorus and its scientific impact. C. The importance of human urine in scientific experiments. D. The transformation of base metals into gold through magic. 39. What was Hennig Brand’s initial goal when he started his experiments? A. To turn human urine into gold. B. To discover a new element. C. To produce a glowing substance. D. To reform modern chemistry. 40. The underlined word “cornerstone” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A. mystery B. symbol C. obstacle D. foundation 41. What can be inferred about Hennig Brand from the passage? A. He was a serious chemist who followed established scientific methods. B. He was a visionary scientist who predicted the future of chemistry. C. He was a curious individual willing to explore unconventional ideas. D. He was a wealthy trader with a deep understanding of chemistry. (D) The playing field is never even or equal. Your skills and attitudes play a major role in the outcome. Knowing what you can do to have an advantage can make the difference between success and failure. My kids tell me it’s unfair to play with the big children. I tell them that’s right. Unfairness is a good thing. There is more to be gained by the effort when things seem unfair. It is true that many things in the world are unfair. But unfair things usually can be a boon to you. For example, the early bird catches the worm. It is unfair that the bird that sleeps in misses out on breakfast but it is nice to know that if it gets up early it is sure to get the worm. I always try to explain to my kids that complaining about how unfair something is will get them nowhere. Instead, make the most out of it and get on the other side of it. Once you do that, you are in the advantage. Above all, you have to focus on gaining that unfair advantage and in order to do that, build your inner strength. When you empower (武装) yourself, you are gaining skills or abilities, confidence and self-esteem (自尊). You should look at your place in the world. Where do you want to be financially, spiritually, emotionally, and physically? You are creating your own story when you empower yourself. You can build all the advantages that you need to live the life that you want. If you haven’t yet, you need to make a list of all the things you want to experience in your new life. This will help you focus on building advantages so that you never have to say that it’s Not Fair. When you do this, then you will be able to realize that unfairness is a good thing and you will want to teach those around you to see unfairness in this way, too. 42. What can we infer from the example of the playing field used by the author? A. The author wants to introduce his topic. B. The author wants to support his opinion. C. He wants to tell us that having an advantage is needed. D. He wants to show skills and attitudes are important in playing games. 43. What is the best way to deal with unfairness according to the author? A. Just accept it. B. Try to change it. C. Simply ignore it. D. Make good use of it. 44. You are told to look at your place in the world in order to ______. A. make yourself better B. be proud of yourself C. have more confidence D. know others’ advantages 45. What is the text mainly about? A The way to live a happy life. B. The right attitude to unfairness. C. Being patient enough to succeed. D. Staying calm when treated badly. 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共25分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Graduating from high school is a momentous occasion in any young person’s life, and many choose to have a big party to celebrate those four years of hard work. However, Leanne Carrasco, a Texas teen, decided that she didn’t want a party for herself, and instead she chose to host a pizza party for the homeless as a way to celebrate her big day. The teen explained why she made a decision to think of others instead of herself on such a milestone occasion. She said, “Not a lot of people have the same options as me. There are a lot of people who need help. So I give it.” Although Carrasco had volunteered at the Star of Hope’s Women and Family Development Center with her family over the years, this time she decided to enlist the help of friends and fellow students to pull off the party. Not only did Carrasco provide about 90 pizzas for the residents of the shelter but she and her friends also collected 400 personal care bags to give out to those in need. Clearly, Carrasco’s actions had an impact on the shelter residents and the administration. “The teens had respect for these people.” Scott Arthur, a spokesman for Star of Hope said. “The residents saw this as a proof that people do care. To express their gratitude, they gave Carrasco a standing ovation (鼓掌欢呼) while many lined up to give the teenager hug and personally thanked her for her thoughtfulness.” All in all, Carrasco and her friends served lunch to about 200 people during their pizza party. “It was a very magical day,” Arthur said. “It gives you a hope for the youth of today. They (the high schoolers) were able to think of other people.” 46. How did Carrasco celebrate her high school graduation day?(no more than 15 words) 47. Why did Carrasco choose to think of others instead of herself?(no more than 10 words) 48. What does the underlined word “enlist” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?(1 word) 49. How did residents of the shelter feel about Carrasco’s actions?(no more than 10 words) 50. How would you like to celebrate your high school graduation day? Please explain.(no more than 20 words) 第二节：书面表达（满分15分） 51. 假设你是李津，你在一个英文网站上看到英国专家David开辟名为“我的成长”的专栏，他希望大家分享心目中“对自己成长影响最大的人”。David认为，在每个人的成长中，总会遇到对自己有积极影响的人，这是我们永远要珍惜的。请你用英文发帖，内容应包括： （1）你对David的观点的看法； （2）对你影响最大的人； （3）如何影响你的成长； （4）期待大家回复。 注意： （1）词数不少于100； （2）开头已给出（不计入总词数）。 I am a high school student from China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第四节：听力理解（每小题1分，共15分） 一、听力短对话 52. How does Anna feel about chemistry? A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Hopeless. 53. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Father and daughter. C. Husband and wife. 54. How does the woman go to work this week? A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot. 55. What’s the man going to do? A. Do his work. B. See a doctor. C. Take some medicine. 56. Who does the man probably call? A. His doctor. B. His boss. C. His friend. 二、听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 57. Why is Jack leaving early? A. To avoid getting stuck in traffic. B. To enjoy the scenery on the way. C. To buy some gifts for his family. 58. What does Judy often do at the railway station? A. Read books. B. Call some friends. C. Look around the shops. 59. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. What to do next year. B. Where to go for vacations. C. How to pass the waiting time. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 60. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a restaurant. B. At a bus stop. C. At the train station. 61. When will the man’s sister arrive? A. At 4:10. B. At 4:20. C. At 4:30. 62. How often does the No. 1 bus run? A. Every 5 minutes. B. Every 10 minutes. C. Every 15 minutes. 三、听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 63. When will the first storm arrive? A. Today. B. This weekend. C. Next week. 64. Which city will have fog? A. New York City. B. Saint Paul. C. Boston. 65. For whom will the ice cause problems according to the speaker? A. People traveling on foot. B. People driving on the road. C. People celebrating by the water. 66. What will the weather be like in Chicago? A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Windy 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$