精品解析：黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学校2024-2025学年高二5月期中测试英语试题

哈尔滨市第九中学2024—2025学年度下学期 期中考试高二英语学科考试试卷 (考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 第一部分 听力测试(共两节，每小题1分，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 1. What language is the woman best at? A. Spanish. B. German. C. Chinese. 2. Where will the speakers probably be at 2:00? A. At the cinema. B. At the library. C. At the park. 3. Why won’t the man accept the job? A. It isn’t well paid. B. He can’t receive training. C. The office is far from his home. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. A weekend break. C. A beach trip. 5. What does the woman think of Joan? A. Hard-working. B. Talented. C. Experienced. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want to do? A. Buy a book. B. Copy some documents. C. Meet her English teacher. 7. What might the man eat? A. Noodles. B. Pizzas. C. Pancakes. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does Alfonso want to do next year? A. Set up his business. B. Take up a new hobby. C. Look for a new job. 9. What is the probable relationship between Alfonso and Cara? A. Business partners. B. Husband and wife. C. Employer and employee. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What will the woman do on the 8th? A. Book a room. B. Check in at the hotel. C. Check out of the hotel. 11. How much should the woman pay in total? A. $405. B. $420 C. 450. 12. What is unavailable at the hotel now? A. The fitness center. B. The swimming pool. C. The free Wi-Fi. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the man responsible for? A. Selling goods. B. Receiving orders. C. Handling after-sales issues. 14. What happened to the woman? A. Her order arrived late. B. She placed a wrong order. C. The company sent her a wrong product. 15. What does the woman decide to do with the coffee pot at last? A. Return it. B. Exchange it. C. Keep it. 16. Who is the woman expected to meet on Monday morning? A. The man. B. The manager. C. The delivery man. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker volunteer during her gap year? A. At a national park. B. At a diving center. C. At a school. 18. How did the speaker mostly contact her family? A. By writing letters. B. By posting blogs. C. By making phone calls. 19. What was the speaker’s unexpected challenge? A. The language. B. The food. C. The weather. 20. What is the speaker’s opinion on taking a gap year? A. Beneficial. B. Difficult. C. Necessary. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Free NYC Museums These New York City museums and art-filled attractions are either always free, free on specific days of the week or free for select hours. Find ones that interest you and take advantage of their generosity. Queens Botanical Garden (Sundays; April to mid — December, 9 to 11 a.m.) The Queens Botanical Garden is a hot attraction for foreign visitors, which is a sprawling landscape flourishing with a wide range of plants. Many of the small gardens that compose the site feature plants of particular significance to a certain world culture. The QBG also includes a delightful Fragrance Walk and a busy Bee Garden. (212) 886-3800 Facebook Location: 43-50 Main St. Queens, NY, 1135 The American Folk Art Museum (always free) It houses the nation’s premier collection of American folk art from the 18th century through the present, right here in New York City and is dedicated to the appreciation of traditional folk art, with works ranging from giant weather vanes to Amish quilts, and to the creative expressions of contemporary self-taught artists from the United States and abroad. (212) 595-9533 Facebook Location: 2 Lincoln Square Manhattan, NY. 10023 Guggenheim New York (pay what you wish; 4 to 5:30 p.m.) Housed in one of the most iconic buildings in New York, the Guggenheim New York’s collection is filled with prized pieces. The Guggenheim always presents interesting and innovative exhibitions, and the museum’s layout is like no other, as visitors experience the artwork along a huge ramp that spirals up around the entire interior of the cylindrical building. (212) 423-3500 Facebook Location: 1071 Fifth Ave. Manhattan, NY. 10128 The Museum of Modern Art (free of charge for NYC residents; First Friday of the Month) Forever at the forefront, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is not only devoted to presenting the best in contemporary art, but also to promoting the understanding of modern art and expanding the definition of what is considered art in the first place. Whether it’s showing you something you’ve never seen before, or showing you how to see something familiar in a new way, MoMA is always an eye-and mind-opening experience. (212)708-9400 Facebook Location: 11 W. 53rd St. Manhattan, NY, 10019 1. Which attraction is not free for foreigners? A. The American Folk Art Museum. B. Guggenheim New York. C. The Museum of Modern Art. D. Queens Botanical Garden. 2. What makes Guggenheim New York different from other attractions? A. The outstanding exhibition. B. The unique layout. C. The prized pieces. D. The relaxing atmosphere. 3. Where is the passage likely to come from? A. A website. B. A report. C. A document. D. A speech. B They talk about the straw that broke the camel’s back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank. I was going along fine with instant recall of my bank PIN (密码), my mobile phone number and the date of my cousin’s birthday before I downloaded a gas station payment app for its new customer discount. It asked me to create a password. When I typed in “gas 1”, it was rejected for not being complex enough. I tried again: “IHateHearlessOil Companies@”. But that was too long and didn’t include “at least one number”. But here is the thing: as soon as I added the fresh password into my memory, I instantly forgot all the others. My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing. I had entered some passwords in a notebook. Of course, I didn’t write down the actual passwords, in case it fell into the wrong hands. Instead, I masked them in a way that only a family member could figure them out. For example, I combined my bank PIN with our postal code, and then added it to a list of phone numbers. It would fool even Albert Einstein. Maybe we need a system like the one we use to remember people’s names. You know, you form an association between a person’s characteristics and their name by whispering “Skinny George, Skinny George” in heart after meeting them. The risk is that, upon seeing him, you’ll burst out the phrase. “Skinny George” might not mind, but it’s possible “Boring Betty” will. As for remembering passwords as you change them, you could simply use the first and last letters of your favorite singer’s greatest hits, together with the year of their release. Maybe I’ll try that one out — but only after describing the system in the notebook. Then I’ll hide it in a place so secret that I’ll never remember where it is. 4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A He fell for a marketing trick. B. He was driven mad by passwords. C. He had a serious memory disorder. D. He was rejected by the gas station. 5. By mentioning Albert Einstein in paragraph 3, what does the author intend to express? A. To show how secure his passwords were. B. To challenge the intelligence of scientists. C. To prove the uselessness of his passwords. D. To promote a more scientific password system. 6. How does the author feel about the nickname method of remembering names? A. It is helpful to break the ice. B. It only works for close friends. C. We might misjudge a person’s character. D. We might accidentally offend others. 7. What is the tone of the text? A. Inspiring. B. Indifferent. C. Humorous. D. Serious. C Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA. Plants have small populations of stem cells (干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years. Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells. When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer. The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change. 8. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants? A. To produce more roots and shoots. B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant. C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake. D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on. 9. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text? A. They are relatively abundant in quantity. B. They are resistant to environmental stresses. C. They make quick response to DNA damage. D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA. 10. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair. 11. What does the last paragraph focus on? A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth. B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants. C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress. D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress. D Rare is the chief executive who praises the virtues of a lie-in. Tim Cook, boss of Apple, maker of the iPhone, wakes between 4 am and 5 am. Two-thirds of the chief executives of large American companies are up by 6 o’ clock; for average Americans the share is less than one in three. For those desiring corporate greatness, the message seems clear: you snooze (打盹), you lose. Plenty of research finds benefits in early rising. In a study conducted in 2012 at the University of Toronto, “early birds”, larks, reported feeling happier and healthier. “Night owls” (猫头鹰), tend to have less sleep, which can weigh on their mood and health - as well as their productivity. “Early birds” are certainly held in higher regard. Rolling into the office late continues to be frowned upon in most work-places. Moreover, “night owls” were perceived as being lazy, undisciplined and immature. Rising early is not, though, all upside. Urgent tasks often come up during the day, meaning that those who come in early may end up working just as late as their dawn-averse colleagues. Waking before sunrise also risks turning you into a bore. Some “larks” go home early rather than socialize after hours. “Night owls”, by contrast, boast abundant time to enjoy themselves. Efforts to alter your sleep pattern, which is largely a product of your genes, are likely to end in sleepy frustration. Dimming your lights at night and buying a special alarm clock will not magically transform you into a morning person. Those early hours will be of little use if they are spent staring blankly at a screen through sleepy eyes. Perhaps the best advice, then, is to stop worrying about your body clock. Most people are neither“early birds” nor “night owls”, but in between. They do not perform well first thing in the morning or late in the evening. Many, get sleepy in the afternoon, too. That is why most offices operate between 9 and 5 - and why they ought to have nap rooms. 12. Why is “Tim Cook” mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To approve of his good habit. B. To praise the virtues of a lie-in. C. To show bosses favor getting up early. D. To illustrate the success of his business. 13. What’s an advantage of being a “night owl”? A. Being more productive. B. Finishing more tasks. C. Having more time to socialize. D. Feeling more positive. 14. What’s the author’s attitude towards changing your sleep pattern? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Indifferent. D. Conservative. 15. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The Benefits of Being Early Birds B. How to Alter Your Biological Clock? C. The Harmful Effects of Staying up Late D. Is It Better to Be Early Birds or Night Owls? 第二节(共5小题;每题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项，选项中的两项为多余选项。 Most of us have been put on the spot in a number of different situations, whether at work or among a group of friends. ___16___ However, you just aren’t ready to give, whether it’s because you don’t know or you’re not willing to share. It is really embarrassing. We’ve all been guilty of putting others on the spot ourselves, usually by accident. Perhaps we ask a sensitive question of a friend in a group setting, or try to push a quiet coworker to share their answers in a meeting. ___17___ Putting someone on the spot though, whether intentional or not, has the effect of destroying trust in a relationship. The key to maintaining the trust in a relationship is developing your emotional intelligence. ___18___ As Krauss wrote in a recent Psychology Today article, “A sign that you’re not as sensitive as you could be when you pressure people is that others try to stay away from you to the extent that they can.” ___19___ Are people born with the ability to develop a high level of emotional intelligence or is that something they are taught? Although the answer is probably a little bit of both, strengthening your emotional intelligence is definitely something we can all do. ___20___ Listening, empathizing (共情), and reflecting are strategies that many of us have developed with time to strengthen our emotional intelligence, whether with the help of a professional or through our own trial-and-error. A. People are fed up with the dull and long wait. B. It can help us understand and handle a confusing situation. C. Even, we just want to make someone we don’t like uneasy. D. A core part of that is being able to perceive how others feel. E. A set of eyes turn toward you with the expectation for an answer. F. Many of us have got more emotionally intelligent as we get older. G. There is a debate on whether emotional intelligence is native or not. 第三部分：英语知识运用 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While I was driving a motorbike with one hand, a lady suddenly stepped into the street. I braked sharply trying to ____21____ her. As a result, I fell heavily to the ground and my left arm became completely paralyzed (瘫痪). Thus, I had to ____22____ everything I used to do with two hands. As a person who’d rather get lost than ask for directions, asking for ____23____ is difficult for me. But I never expected things would ____24____ after years of swimming training for the 2020 Paralympics. In swimming, I need to wear a tight racing suit. It took a lot of ____25____ for me to become skilled at slowly inching into one with one hand. However, ____26____ it was a different story. I was once stuck and half naked in a swimsuit. I still ____27____ to bother others and was even ____28____ to reach for a knife to find my way out. A girl near me saw me ____29____. She rushed over and managed to _____30_____ me in a minute. At a Paralympic event, everyone has a disability. Being unwilling to seek for a helping hand made me the _____31_____ one. However, that changing room _____32_____ helped me start a new normal. At first, learning to ask for help was the _____33_____ that proved to be even more _____34_____ than putting on a swimsuit with one hand. After some efforts, I realized learning to do so was not the win I had _____35_____ set my sights on, but the one I ended up wanting most. 21. A. remind B. stop C. surprise D. avoid 22. A. remember B. relearn C. predict D. analyze 23. A. permission B. assistance C. protection D. forgiveness 24. A. change B. appear C. stand D. worsen 25. A. respect B. company C. practice D. pleasure 26. A. removing B. choosing C. preserving D. washing 27. A. intended B. decided C. hurried D. refused 28. A. afraid B. relieved C. ready D. impressed 29. A. struggling B. swimming C. dressing D. weeping 30. A. teach B. comfort C. greet D. free 31. A. confident B. strange C. outgoing D. selfless 32. A. conflict B. mistake C. exchange D. incident 33. A. compassion B. adaptation C. competition D. consequence 34. A. demanding B. natural C. experienced D. genuine 35. A. repeatedly B. blindly C. initially D. accidentally 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In order to eliminate the prejudice women face when trying to come back to work, the Zhongshan city government in Guangdong Province has introduced ____36____ series of incentives (激励措施) for employers to provide more flexible working arrangements ____37____ opportunities for potential “working moms” to find employment. A platform ____38____ (design) to meet the needs of working moms was set up, ____39____ (offer) 4,000 jobs with flexible positions. The Zhongshan government also ____40____ (organize) online job fairs targeted at working moms every month last year. In July, the government released a notice further encouraging companies to offer more flexible jobs, including working-from-home positions, ____41____ moms. “It should be a part of ____42____ (society) responsibility for companies to hire mothers. During my trip to a village, a mother expressed her desire to return to the workforce but felt unable because of multiple rejections and inflexible work hours. She said she knew of countless ____43____ (local) going through a similar experience”, said Yu Qing, ____44____ has taken advantage of the government’s incentives ____45____ (address) a labor shortage. “It’s a win-win result for us. We offer these moms jobs, and at the same time ease our pressure to find workers.” he added. 第三节：单词拼写(共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分) 汉译英 46. 紧急情况 n.________ 47 申请人________ 48. 内疚的；有罪的________ 49. 鼓励 n.________ 50. 道歉 v.________ 51. 使尴尬 v.________ 52. 缺席 n.________ 53. 值得钦佩的 adj. ________ 54. 逐渐地 adv. ________ 55. 解释 n.________ 英译汉 56. entertain 57. approval 58. gender 59. function 60. efficient 61. accomplish 62. feedback 63. generate 64. assign 65. guarantee 第四部分 写作(满分50分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，正在英国某市做交换生(exchange student)， 想到该市的一家图书馆办理一张借书卡(library card)。请用英语给该图书馆的工作人员写一封电子邮件，询问相关信息。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’d always been told to take care of my older brother, Brian, who was born weak and small. I’d often tie his shoes or prepare another glass of water for him. My mom saw my larger size and strong body as a sign that I was to be a kind of guardian angel (守护天使) for Brian. However, that was not the case. One day our school sponsored a pumpkin-carving contest. First prize was $100, and I knew just how I would spend it. There was a brand-new game I was dying to own. So I decided the first place bonus definitely had to land in my pocket. When I had to carve the perfect pumpkin I’d picked out, it dawned on me that with my big clumsy fingers I’d surely screw it up (搞砸). I thought of Brian’s smaller, delicate hands and knew he was the man for the job. I immediately begged Brian. Unexpectedly, he asked for a cut. That was fifty-fifty. Quickly doing the math in my head, I figured out even if I split (分摊) the first prize, I’d still have enough cash for the game. So I gave in to Brian’s demands. With skillful hands Brian carved the perfect face, and now we had the best pumpkin ever. Then the unexpected happened: We came in second. Unfortunately, second prize was only $50, and I needed every penny of that to buy the game. The day of the awards ceremony, the principal handed over the money to me because Brian was home, sick with cold. If he really wanted to win, he would have been here today, I thought to myself, justifying stealing the cash from under poor Brian’s runny nose. With hardly a thought, I ran to the store and bought my dream game. That night when Brian asked if we had won, I denied, afraid to look into his eyes. The whole thing was never mentioned again until the day when Brian was packing for college. I played my usual role in helping him pack when I came across an old album filled with photos he had taken as the school photographer. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?" I was shocked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 哈尔滨市第九中学2024—2025学年度下学期 期中考试高二英语学科考试试卷 (考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分) 第一部分 听力测试(共两节，每小题1分，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 1. What language is the woman best at? A. Spanish. B. German. C. Chinese. 2. Where will the speakers probably be at 2:00? A. At the cinema. B. At the library. C. At the park. 3. Why won’t the man accept the job? A. It isn’t well paid. B. He can’t receive training. C. The office is far from his home. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. A weekend break. C. A beach trip. 5. What does the woman think of Joan? A. Hard-working. B. Talented. C. Experienced. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman want to do? A Buy a book. B. Copy some documents. C. Meet her English teacher. 7. What might the man eat? A. Noodles. B. Pizzas. C. Pancakes. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does Alfonso want to do next year? A. Set up his business. B. Take up a new hobby. C. Look for a new job. 9. What is the probable relationship between Alfonso and Cara? A. Business partners. B. Husband and wife. C. Employer and employee. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What will the woman do on the 8th? A. Book a room. B. Check in at the hotel. C. Check out of the hotel. 11. How much should the woman pay in total? A. $405. B. $420 C. 450. 12 What is unavailable at the hotel now? A. The fitness center. B. The swimming pool. C. The free Wi-Fi. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the man responsible for? A. Selling goods. B. Receiving orders. C. Handling after-sales issues. 14. What happened to the woman? A. Her order arrived late. B. She placed a wrong order. C. The company sent her a wrong product. 15. What does the woman decide to do with the coffee pot at last? A. Return it. B. Exchange it. C. Keep it. 16. Who is the woman expected to meet on Monday morning? A. The man. B. The manager. C. The delivery man. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker volunteer during her gap year? A. At a national park. B. At a diving center. C. At a school. 18. How did the speaker mostly contact her family? A. By writing letters. B. By posting blogs. C. By making phone calls. 19. What was the speaker’s unexpected challenge? A. The language. B. The food. C. The weather. 20. What is the speaker’s opinion on taking a gap year? A. Beneficial. B. Difficult. C. Necessary. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Free NYC Museums These New York City museums and art-filled attractions are either always free, free on specific days of the week or free for select hours. Find ones that interest you and take advantage of their generosity. Queens Botanical Garden (Sundays; April to mid — December, 9 to 11 a.m.) The Queens Botanical Garden is a hot attraction for foreign visitors, which is a sprawling landscape flourishing with a wide range of plants. Many of the small gardens that compose the site feature plants of particular significance to a certain world culture. The QBG also includes a delightful Fragrance Walk and a busy Bee Garden. (212) 886-3800 Facebook Location: 43-50 Main St. Queens, NY, 1135 The American Folk Art Museum (always free) It houses the nation’s premier collection of American folk art from the 18th century through the present, right here in New York City and is dedicated to the appreciation of traditional folk art, with works ranging from giant weather vanes to Amish quilts, and to the creative expressions of contemporary self-taught artists from the United States and abroad. (212) 595-9533 Facebook Location: 2 Lincoln Square Manhattan, NY. 10023 Guggenheim New York (pay what you wish; 4 to 5:30 p.m.) Housed in one of the most iconic buildings in New York, the Guggenheim New York’s collection is filled with prized pieces. The Guggenheim always presents interesting and innovative exhibitions, and the museum’s layout is like no other, as visitors experience the artwork along a huge ramp that spirals up around the entire interior of the cylindrical building. (212) 423-3500 Facebook Location: 1071 Fifth Ave. Manhattan, NY. 10128 The Museum of Modern Art (free of charge for NYC residents; First Friday of the Month) Forever at the forefront, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is not only devoted to presenting the best in contemporary art, but also to promoting the understanding of modern art and expanding the definition of what is considered art in the first place. Whether it’s showing you something you’ve never seen before, or showing you how to see something familiar in a new way, MoMA is always an eye-and mind-opening experience. (212)708-9400 Facebook Location: 11 W. 53rd St. Manhattan, NY, 10019 1. Which attraction is not free for foreigners? A. The American Folk Art Museum. B. Guggenheim New York. C. The Museum of Modern Art. D. Queens Botanical Garden. 2. What makes Guggenheim New York different from other attractions? A. The outstanding exhibition. B. The unique layout. C. The prized pieces. D. The relaxing atmosphere. 3. Where is the passage likely to come from? A. A website. B. A report. C. A document. D. A speech. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍纽约市部分博物馆和艺术景点的免费开放信息，包括具体开放时间、特色及联系方式等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The Museum of Modern Art (free of charge for NYC residents; First Friday of the Month)(现代艺术博物馆：纽约居民免费，每月第一个周五)”可知，The Museum of Modern Art的免费政策仅限 “纽约居民”，对外国游客不免费。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Guggenheim New York (pay what you wish; 4 to 5:30 p.m.)”部分中“the museum’s layout is like no other, as visitors experience the artwork along a huge ramp that spirals up around the entire interior of the cylindrical building(博物馆的布局独一无二，游客沿着圆柱形建筑内部螺旋上升的巨型坡道欣赏艺术品)”可知，Guggenheim New York独特之处在于布局，这使它与其他景点不同。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。文中每个景点均提供 “Facebook”链接、电话号码和具体地址，且内容以实用旅游信息（免费时段、景点特色）为主，符合旅游类网站的传播特点，旨在引导读者访问或关注，因此文章最可能来自一个网站。故选A。 B They talk about the straw that broke the camel’s back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank. I was going along fine with instant recall of my bank PIN (密码), my mobile phone number and the date of my cousin’s birthday before I downloaded a gas station payment app for its new customer discount. It asked me to create a password. When I typed in “gas 1”, it was rejected for not being complex enough. I tried again: “IHateHearlessOil Companies@”. But that was too long and didn’t include “at least one number”. But here is the thing: as soon as I added the fresh password into my memory, I instantly forgot all the others. My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing. I had entered some passwords in a notebook. Of course, I didn’t write down the actual passwords, in case it fell into the wrong hands. Instead, I masked them in a way that only a family member could figure them out. For example, I combined my bank PIN with our postal code, and then added it to a list of phone numbers. It would fool even Albert Einstein. Maybe we need a system like the one we use to remember people’s names. You know, you form an association between a person’s characteristics and their name by whispering “Skinny George, Skinny George” in heart after meeting them. The risk is that, upon seeing him, you’ll burst out the phrase. “Skinny George” might not mind, but it’s possible “Boring Betty” will. As for remembering passwords as you change them, you could simply use the first and last letters of your favorite singer’s greatest hits, together with the year of their release. Maybe I’ll try that one out — but only after describing the system in the notebook. Then I’ll hide it in a place so secret that I’ll never remember where it is. 4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A. He fell for a marketing trick. B. He was driven mad by passwords. C. He had a serious memory disorder. D. He was rejected by the gas station. 5. By mentioning Albert Einstein in paragraph 3, what does the author intend to express? A. To show how secure his passwords were. B. To challenge the intelligence of scientists. C. To prove the uselessness of his passwords. D. To promote a more scientific password system. 6. How does the author feel about the nickname method of remembering names? A. It is helpful to break the ice. B. It only works for close friends. C. We might misjudge a person’s character. D. We might accidentally offend others. 7. What is the tone of the text? A. Inspiring. B. Indifferent. C. Humorous. D. Serious. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以幽默的口吻吐槽现代密码管理的繁琐，讲述了自己因密码过多而忘记重要信息，并尝试用隐蔽记录和联想记忆法解决问题，最终仍陷入困境的经历。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“They talk about the straw that broke the camel’s back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank. (人们总说“压垮骆驼的最后一根稻草”，但对我来说，真正摧毁记忆的其实是那些密码)”和第二段中“But here is the thing: as soon as I added the fresh password into my memory, I instantly forgot all the others. My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing. (但问题是：当我刚把这个新密码记进脑子里，瞬间就把其他密码全忘了。我的大脑已经达到了记忆密码的极限。现在我什么都不记得了)”可知，作者描述了自己因密码的复杂要求而忘记其他密码的经历。由此可知，作者被密码逼疯了。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Instead, I masked them in a way that only a family member could figure them out. For example, I combined my bank PIN with our postal code, and then added it to a list of phone numbers. It would fool even Albert Einstein. (于是，我把密码伪装成只有家人才看得懂的形式。比如把银行卡密码和邮政编码混在一起，再塞进一堆电话号码里。这套加密方法怕是连爱因斯坦都破解不了)”可知，作者设计的密码使用多种加密方法，极其难猜。由此可知，作者用“连爱因斯坦都破解不了”来证明他的密码有多安全。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The risk is that, upon seeing him, you’ll burst out the phrase. “Skinny George” might not mind, but it’s possible “Boring Betty” will. (风险在于，当你见到对方时可能会脱口而出这个外号。“瘦子乔治”可能不介意，但“无聊贝蒂”八成会生气)”可知，使用昵称的方法可能会不小心冒犯别人。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“They talk about the straw that broke the camel’s back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank. (人们总说“压垮骆驼的最后一根稻草”，但对我来说，真正摧毁记忆的其实是那些密码)”、第二段中“My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing. (我的大脑已经达到了记忆密码的极限。现在我什么都不记得了)”和最后一段中“Then I’ll hide it in a place so secret that I’ll never remember where it is. (然后我会把它藏在一个绝密的地方——结果自己再也想不起来藏哪儿了)”可知，作者通过夸张和自嘲等手法来吐槽现代密码管理的繁琐，讲述了自己创造密码、记忆密码等的荒唐经历，整个文章的语调是幽默诙谐的。故选C项。 C Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic (基因的) damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA. Plants have small populations of stem cells (干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years. Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells. When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer. The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change. 8. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants? A. To produce more roots and shoots. B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant. C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake. D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on. 9. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text? A. They are relatively abundant in quantity. B. They are resistant to environmental stresses. C. They make quick response to DNA damage. D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA. 10. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair. 11. What does the last paragraph focus on? A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth. B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants. C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress. D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经展示了植物如何保护自己免受环境压力造成的遗传损害，即植物拥有内建机制，来阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.(植物的根和芽的生长尖端有一个内置的机制，如果检测到DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷的DNA传递给下一代)”可知，植物内建机制的功能是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.(通过涉及x射线和化学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA损伤更敏感)”可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做出快速反应。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the”以及后文“of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues”可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意思是“传播”。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.(在植物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义)”可知，最后一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。故选B。 D Rare is the chief executive who praises the virtues of a lie-in. Tim Cook, boss of Apple, maker of the iPhone, wakes between 4 am and 5 am. Two-thirds of the chief executives of large American companies are up by 6 o’ clock; for average Americans the share is less than one in three. For those desiring corporate greatness, the message seems clear: you snooze (打盹), you lose. Plenty of research finds benefits in early rising. In a study conducted in 2012 at the University of Toronto, “early birds”, larks, reported feeling happier and healthier. “Night owls” (猫头鹰), tend to have less sleep, which can weigh on their mood and health - as well as their productivity. “Early birds” are certainly held in higher regard. Rolling into the office late continues to be frowned upon in most work-places. Moreover, “night owls” were perceived as being lazy, undisciplined and immature. Rising early is not, though, all upside. Urgent tasks often come up during the day, meaning that those who come in early may end up working just as late as their dawn-averse colleagues. Waking before sunrise also risks turning you into a bore. Some “larks” go home early rather than socialize after hours. “Night owls”, by contrast, boast abundant time to enjoy themselves. Efforts to alter your sleep pattern, which is largely a product of your genes, are likely to end in sleepy frustration. Dimming your lights at night and buying a special alarm clock will not magically transform you into a morning person. Those early hours will be of little use if they are spent staring blankly at a screen through sleepy eyes. Perhaps the best advice, then, is to stop worrying about your body clock. Most people are neither“early birds” nor “night owls”, but in between. They do not perform well first thing in the morning or late in the evening. Many, get sleepy in the afternoon, too. That is why most offices operate between 9 and 5 - and why they ought to have nap rooms. 12. Why is “Tim Cook” mentioned in paragraph 1? A. To approve of his good habit. B. To praise the virtues of a lie-in. C. To show bosses favor getting up early. D. To illustrate the success of his business. 13. What’s an advantage of being a “night owl”? A. Being more productive. B. Finishing more tasks. C. Having more time to socialize. D. Feeling more positive. 14. What’s the author’s attitude towards changing your sleep pattern? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Indifferent. D. Conservative. 15. What’s the best title of the passage? A. The Benefits of Being Early Birds B. How to Alter Your Biological Clock? C. The Harmful Effects of Staying up Late D. Is It Better to Be Early Birds or Night Owls? 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了早起的人和夜猫子两种生活方式的利弊，建议大家不要轻易改变自己的作息习惯。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Rare is the chief executive who praises the virtues of a lie-in. Tim Cook, boss of Apple, maker of the iPhone, wakes between 4 am and 5 am. Two-thirds of the chief executives of large American companies are up by 6 o’ clock; for average Americans the share is less than one in three. (很少有首席执行官会称赞睡懒觉的好处。蒂姆·库克，苹果公司的老板，iPhone的制造商，每天早上4点到5点起床。三分之二的美国大公司首席执行官6点就起床了；对于普通美国人来说，这一比例不到三分之一。)”可知几乎没有老板喜欢赖床，反之老板喜欢早起的生活方式。所以提到Tim Cook，苹果公司的老板，是为了说明老板都喜欢早起。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Some “larks” go home early rather than socialize after hours. “Night owls”, by contrast, boast abundant time to enjoy themselves. (有些“百灵鸟”宁愿早早回家，也不愿下班后参加社交活动。相比之下，“夜猫子”自诩有充足的时间享受生活。)”可知早起的百灵鸟回家早而不出去社交，而夜猫子却有很多时间享受自己，也就是夜猫子有更多的时间进行社交。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Efforts to alter your sleep pattern, which is largely a product of your genes, are likely to end in sleepy frustration. Dimming your lights at night and buying a special alarm clock will not magically transform you into a morning person. Those early hours will be of little use if they are spent staring blankly at a screen through sleepy eyes.(你的睡眠模式很大程度上是由你的基因决定的，改变这种模式的努力很可能以困倦的挫败告终。晚上调暗灯光，买一个特殊的闹钟不会神奇地把你变成一个早起的人。如果用睡眼惺忪的眼神茫然地盯着屏幕，那么早起的时间就没什么用了。)”可知，作者认为睡眠模式很大程度上是由基因决定的，所以不建议更改这种模式，即反对改变生物钟。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“Perhaps the best advice, then, is to stop worrying about your body clock. Most people are neither “early birds” nor “night owls”, but in between. They do not perform well first thing in the morning or late in the evening. Many, get sleepy in the afternoon, too. That is why most offices operate between 9 and 5 - and why they ought to have nap rooms. (也许最好的建议就是不要再担心你的生物钟了。大多数人既不是“早起鸟”也不是“夜猫子”，而是介于两者之间。他们在早上或晚上的第一件事就表现不佳。许多人在下午也会犯困。这就是为什么大多数办公室的工作时间是9点到5点，也是为什么他们应该有午休室的原因。)”可知文章讨论了早起的人和夜猫子两种生活方式的利弊，作者建议大家不要轻易改变自己的作息习惯，因为大部分人都是普通人，所以D选项“早起的鸟好还是夜猫子好？”适合做文章的标题，故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项，选项中的两项为多余选项。 Most of us have been put on the spot in a number of different situations, whether at work or among a group of friends. ___16___ However, you just aren’t ready to give, whether it’s because you don’t know or you’re not willing to share. It is really embarrassing. We’ve all been guilty of putting others on the spot ourselves, usually by accident. Perhaps we ask a sensitive question of a friend in a group setting, or try to push a quiet coworker to share their answers in a meeting. ___17___ Putting someone on the spot though, whether intentional or not, has the effect of destroying trust in a relationship. The key to maintaining the trust in a relationship is developing your emotional intelligence. ___18___ As Krauss wrote in a recent Psychology Today article, “A sign that you’re not as sensitive as you could be when you pressure people is that others try to stay away from you to the extent that they can.” ___19___ Are people born with the ability to develop a high level of emotional intelligence, or is that something they are taught? Although the answer is probably a little bit of both, strengthening your emotional intelligence is definitely something we can all do. ___20___ Listening, empathizing (共情), and reflecting are strategies that many of us have developed with time to strengthen our emotional intelligence, whether with the help of a professional or through our own trial-and-error. A. People are fed up with the dull and long wait. B. It can help us understand and handle a confusing situation. C. Even, we just want to make someone we don’t like uneasy. D. A core part of that is being able to perceive how others feel. E. A set of eyes turn toward you with the expectation for an answer. F. Many of us have got more emotionally intelligent as we get older. G. There is a debate on whether emotional intelligence is native or not. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了会让他人陷入困境的原因以及情商对于关系的影响。 16题详解】 根据上文“Most of us have been put on the spot in a number of different situations, whether at work or among a group of friends.(无论是在工作中还是在一群朋友中，我们大多数人都曾在许多不同的情况下陷入困境)”以及后文“However, you just aren’t ready to give, whether it’s because you don’t know or you’re not willing to share. It is really embarrassing.(然而，你就是没有准备好给答案，也许是因为你不知道，也许是因为你不愿意分享。这真的很尴尬)”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明陷入困境时的场景。故E选项“一双眼睛转向你，期待着你的回答”符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“We’ve all been guilty of putting others on the spot ourselves, usually by accident. Perhaps we ask a sensitive question of a friend in a group setting, or try to push a quiet coworker to share their answers in a meeting.(我们都曾为自己让别人陷入困境而感到内疚，通常是出于偶然。也许我们会在小组中问朋友一个敏感的问题，或者在会议上强迫一个安静的同事分享他们的答案)”可知，本段主要分析让他人陷入困境的原因，本句为本段最后一句，是对上文原因的补充说明，故C选项“甚至，我们只是想让我们不喜欢的人感到不安”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Putting someone on the spot though, whether intentional or not, has the effect of destroying trust in a relationship. The key to maintaining the trust in a relationship is developing your emotional intelligence.(然而，无论是有意还是无意，把某人置于困境都会破坏一段关系中的信任。在一段关系中保持信任的关键是发展你的情商)”以及后文“As Krauss wrote in a recent Psychology Today article, “A sign that you’re not as sensitive as you could be when you pressure people is that others try to stay away from you to the extent that they can.”(克劳斯最近在《今日心理学》的一篇文章中写道：“当你给别人施加压力时，别人会尽量远离你，这表明你并没有像你想象的那么敏感。”)”可知，上文指出保持信任需要发展情商，后文提到无意识给他人施压说明并没有那么敏感，即对他人的感受没能及时发觉。故D选项“其中的一个核心部分是能够感知他人的感受”符合语境，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Are people born with the ability to develop a high level of emotional intelligence, or is that something they are taught? Although the answer is probably a little bit of both, strengthening your emotional intelligence is definitely something we can all do.(人们是天生就有能力发展高水平的情商，还是后天习得的？虽然答案可能两者都有一点，但提高情商绝对是我们都能做的事情)”可知，本段主要说明了关于情商是否是天生的存在争议，故G选项“关于情商是否天生就有争议”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据后文“Listening, empathizing (共情), and reflecting are strategies that many of us have developed with time to strengthen our emotional intelligence, whether with the help of a professional or through our own trial-and-error.(倾听、移情和反思是我们许多人随着时间的推移而发展起来的增强情商的策略，无论是在专业人士的帮助下，还是通过我们自己的试错)”可知，后文提到情商可以随着时间推移而发展，即情商随着年龄增长而变得越高。故F选项“随着年龄的增长，我们中的许多人的情商都越来越高”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分：英语知识运用 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 While I was driving a motorbike with one hand, a lady suddenly stepped into the street. I braked sharply trying to ____21____ her. As a result, I fell heavily to the ground and my left arm became completely paralyzed (瘫痪的). Thus, I had to ____22____ everything I used to do with two hands. As a person who’d rather get lost than ask for directions, asking for ____23____ is difficult for me. But I never expected things would ____24____ after years of swimming training for the 2020 Paralympics. In swimming, I need to wear a tight racing suit. It took a lot of ____25____ for me to become skilled at slowly inching into one with one hand. However, ____26____ it was a different story. I was once stuck and half naked in a swimsuit. I still ____27____ to bother others and was even ____28____ to reach for a knife to find my way out. A girl near me saw me ____29____. She rushed over and managed to _____30_____ me in a minute. At a Paralympic event, everyone has a disability. Being unwilling to seek for a helping hand made me the _____31_____ one. However, that changing room _____32_____ helped me start a new normal. At first, learning to ask for help was the _____33_____ that proved to be even more _____34_____ than putting on a swimsuit with one hand. After some efforts, I realized learning to do so was not the win I had _____35_____ set my sights on, but the one I ended up wanting most. 21. A. remind B. stop C. surprise D. avoid 22. A. remember B. relearn C. predict D. analyze 23. A. permission B. assistance C. protection D. forgiveness 24. A. change B. appear C. stand D. worsen 25. A. respect B. company C. practice D. pleasure 26. A. removing B. choosing C. preserving D. washing 27. A. intended B. decided C. hurried D. refused 28. A. afraid B. relieved C. ready D. impressed 29. A. struggling B. swimming C. dressing D. weeping 30. A. teach B. comfort C. greet D. free 31. A. confident B. strange C. outgoing D. selfless 32. A. conflict B. mistake C. exchange D. incident 33. A. compassion B. adaptation C. competition D. consequence 34. A. demanding B. natural C. experienced D. genuine 35. A. repeatedly B. blindly C. initially D. accidentally 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者因交通事故导致左臂瘫痪后，在适应单手生活的过程中，从抗拒求助到逐渐学会接受帮助的转变。通过2020年残奥会游泳训练中的一次换衣困境，作者意识到学会求助是比单手穿泳衣更具挑战性的“适应”，最终理解了求助的意义并接纳了这种新的生活常态。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猛踩刹车，试图避开她。A. remind提醒；B. stop停止；C. surprise使惊讶；D. avoid避免。根据上文“a lady suddenly stepped into the street”可知，女士突然走到街上，作者急刹车的目的是为了避开她。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我不得不重新学习过去用双手完成的所有事情。A. remember记得；B. relearn重新学习；C. predict预测；D. analyze分析。根据上文“As a result, I fell heavily to the ground and my left arm became completely paralyzed (瘫痪的).”可知，作者的左臂完全瘫痪了，原本用双手做的事需要重新学习用单手完成。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个宁愿迷路也不愿问路的人，寻求帮助对我来说非常困难。A. permission允许；B. assistance帮助；C. protection保护；D. forgiveness原谅。根据上文“As a person who’d rather get lost than ask for directions”可知，作者习惯独立，不愿问路，因此求助对他来说困难。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我从未想过，在为2020年残奥会进行多年游泳训练后，事情会发生改变。A. change改变；B. appear出现；C. stand站立；D. worsen恶化。根据下文“after years of swimming training for the 2020 Paralympics”可知，参加残奥会训练后，情况发生了改变。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我花了大量时间练习，才熟练掌握用一只手慢慢挤进泳衣的技巧。A. respect尊重；B. company陪伴；C. practice练习；D. pleasure快乐。根据下文“become skilled at slowly inching into one with one hand.”可知，单手穿紧身泳衣需要大量练习才能熟练。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，脱衣服时却是另一番景象。A. removing去除，脱下；B. choosing选择；C. preserving保存；D. washing清洗。根据下文“I was once stuck and half naked in a swimsuit.”可知，穿泳衣时需要练习，但脱泳衣时却遇到麻烦，被困住。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然拒绝麻烦别人，甚至准备伸手去拿刀子来挣脱。A. intended打算；B. decided决定；C. hurried匆忙；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“Being unwilling to seek for a helping hand”可知，作者仍拒绝麻烦他人，甚至准备用刀割开泳衣。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然拒绝麻烦别人，甚至准备伸手去拿刀子来挣脱。A. afraid害怕的；B. relieved放心的；C. ready准备好的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据下文“to reach for a knife to find my way out”可知，作者准备好用刀解决困境，体现其不愿求助的极端行为。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：旁边的一个女孩看到我在挣扎。A. struggling挣扎；B. swimming游泳；C. dressing穿衣服；D. weeping哭泣。根据上文“I was once stuck and half naked in a swimsuit.”可知，被困在泳衣中时，作者显然在挣扎。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她赶紧跑过来，不到一分钟就帮我解救出来。A. teach教学；B. comfort安慰；C. greet打招呼；D. free解救，使自由。根据上文“I was once stuck”可知，女孩帮助作者解脱，从被困的状态中出来。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不愿意寻求帮助让我成为了那个“奇怪”的人。A. confident自信的；B. strange奇怪的；C. outgoing外向的；D. selfless无私的。根据上文“At a Paralympic event, everyone has a disability. Being unwilling to seek for a helping hand”可知，在残奥会上，每个人都有残疾，作者不愿意寻求帮助，所以成了最奇怪的人。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，那次更衣室里事件帮助我开启了新的常态。A. conflict冲突；B. mistake错误；C. exchange交换；D. incident事件。根据上文“I was once stuck and half naked in a swimsuit.”可知，更衣室里被困并被帮助的事件促使作者改变。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，学会求助是一种适应，事实证明这比单手穿泳衣更困难。A. compassion同情；B. adaptation适应；C. competition比赛；D. consequence结果。根据下文“I realized learning to do so was not the win I had ____15____ set my sights on, but the one I ended up wanting most.”可知，学习寻求帮助是一种适应。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，学会求助是一种适应，事实证明这比单手穿泳衣更困难。A. demanding要求高的，困难的；B. natural自然的；C. experienced有经验的；D. genuine真实的。根据下文“than putting on a swimsuit with one hand”可知，学习寻求帮助比用一只手穿上泳衣还要困难。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过一番努力，我意识到学会求助并不是我最初设定的目标，而是我最终最想要的胜利。A. repeatedly重复地；B. blindly盲目地；C. initially最初；D. accidentally偶然地。根据下文“but the one I ended up wanting most”可知，学会求助并非作者最初的目标，却是最终最想要的。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In order to eliminate the prejudice women face when trying to come back to work, the Zhongshan city government in Guangdong Province has introduced ____36____ series of incentives (激励措施) for employers to provide more flexible working arrangements ____37____ opportunities for potential “working moms” to find employment. A platform ____38____ (design) to meet the needs of working moms was set up, ____39____ (offer) 4,000 jobs with flexible positions. The Zhongshan government also ____40____ (organize) online job fairs targeted at working moms every month last year. In July, the government released a notice further encouraging companies to offer more flexible jobs, including working-from-home positions, ____41____ moms. “It should be a part of ____42____ (society) responsibility for companies to hire mothers. During my trip to a village, a mother expressed her desire to return to the workforce but felt unable because of multiple rejections and inflexible work hours. She said she knew of countless ____43____ (local) going through a similar experience”, said Yu Qing, ____44____ has taken advantage of the government’s incentives ____45____ (address) a labor shortage. “It’s a win-win result for us. We offer these moms jobs, and at the same time ease our pressure to find workers.” he added. 【答案】36. a 37. and 38. designed 39. offering 40. organized 41. to 42. social 43. locals 44. who 45. to address 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了广东省中山市政府为帮助职场妈妈消除重返工作岗位的偏见，推出一系列激励措施和支持平台，提供灵活就业机会的故事。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：为了消除女性在试图重返职场时面临的偏见，广东省中山市政府推出了一系列激励措施，鼓励雇主提供更灵活的工作安排，并为潜在的“职场妈妈”提供就业机会。根据空后series of可知，空处考查固定短语a series of，表示“一系列”，故填a。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：为了消除女性在试图重返职场时面临的偏见，广东省中山市政府推出了一系列激励措施，鼓励雇主提供更灵活的工作安排，并为潜在的“职场妈妈”提供就业机会。more flexible working arrangements和opportunities for potential “working moms” to find employment为并列关系，作provide的宾语，故空处应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个旨在满足职场妈妈需求的平台已经建立，提供了4000个灵活职位的工作。句中已有谓语动词was set up，空处考查非谓语动词，design和逻辑主语A platform之间为动宾关系，故空处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个旨在满足职场妈妈需求的平台已经建立，提供了4000个灵活职位的工作。空处考查非谓语动词，offer和句子主语A platform之间为主谓关系，故空处应用现在分词作状语。故填offering。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：去年，中山市政府还每月组织针对职场妈妈的网上招聘会。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语last year可知，动作发生在过去，句子应用一般过去时，故空处应用organize的过去式organized。故填organized。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：7月，政府发布了一份通知，进一步鼓励公司为妈妈们提供更多灵活的工作，包括在家工作。根据空前offer more flexible jobs可知，空处考查固定短语offer sth. to sb.，表示“给某人提供某物”，故空处应用介词to。故填to。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“企业雇佣母亲应该是社会责任的一部分。在我去一个村庄的行程中，一位母亲表达了她重返职场的愿望，但由于多次被拒和不灵活的工作时间而感到力不从心。她说，她知道无数当地人都在经历类似的遭遇。” 于庆说，他利用政府的激励措施来解决劳动力短缺问题。空处修饰名词responsibility，应用形容词social，作定语，表“社会的”。故填social。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意同上。根据空前countless可知，空处应用名词local的复数形式locals，作宾语，表示“当地人”。故填locals。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yu Qing，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处考查非谓语动词，“利用激励措施”的目的是“解决劳动力短缺”，故应用动词不定式to address作目的状语。故填to address。 第三节：单词拼写(共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分) 汉译英 46. 紧急情况 n.________ 47. 申请人________ 48. 内疚的；有罪的________ 49. 鼓励 n.________ 50. 道歉 v.________ 51. 使尴尬 v.________ 52. 缺席 n.________ 53. 值得钦佩的 adj. ________ 54. 逐渐地 adv. ________ 55. 解释 n.________ 【答案】46. emergency 47. applicant 48. guilty 49. encouragement 50. apologize 51. embarrass 52. absence 53. admirable 54. gradually 55. explanation 【解析】 【46题详解】 根据汉语提示“紧急情况”可知英文表达为emergency，故填emergency。 【47题详解】 根据汉语提示“申请人”可知英文表达为applicant，故填applicant。 【48题详解】 根据汉语提示“内疚的；有罪的”可知英文表达为guilty，故填guilty。 【49题详解】 根据汉语提示“鼓励”可知英文表达为encouragement，故填encouragement。 【50题详解】 根据汉语提示“道歉”可知英文表达为apologize，故填apologize。 【51题详解】 根据汉语提示“使尴尬”可知英文表达为embarrass，故填embarrass。 【52题详解】 根据汉语提示“缺席”可知英文表达为absence，故填absence。 【53题详解】 根据汉语提示“值得钦佩的”可知英文表达为admirable，故填admirable。 【54题详解】 根据汉语提示“逐渐地”可知英文表达为gradually，故填gradually。 【55题详解】 根据汉语提示“解释”可知英文表达为explanation，故填explanation。 英译汉 56. entertain 57. approval 58. gender 59. function 60. efficient 61. accomplish 62. feedback 63. generate 64. assign 65. guarantee 【答案】56. 娱乐 57. 批准，认可，赞成 58. 性别 59. 功能，作用 60. 效率高的 61. 完成，实现 62. 反馈，反馈意见 63. 产生，引起 64. 分配，指派，指定 65. 保证，担保 【解析】 【56题详解】 entertain意思是“娱乐”。故填：娱乐。 【57题详解】 approval 意思是“批准，认可，赞成”。故填：批准，认可，赞成。 【58题详解】 gender 意思是“性别”。故填：性别。 【59题详解】 function 意思是“功能，作用”。故填：功能，作用。 【60题详解】 efficient 意思是“效率高”。故填：效率高的。 【61题详解】 accomplish 意思是“完成；实现”。故填：完成，实现。 【62题详解】 feedback 意思是“反馈，反馈意见”。故填：反馈，反馈意见。 【63题详解】 generate 意思是“产生，引起”。故填：产生，引起。 【64题详解】 assign 意思是“分配，指派，指定”。故填：分配，指派，指定。 【65题详解】 guarantee 意思是“保证，担保”。故填：保证，担保。 第四部分 写作(满分50分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，正在英国某市做交换生(exchange student)， 想到该市的一家图书馆办理一张借书卡(library card)。请用英语给该图书馆的工作人员写一封电子邮件，询问相关信息。 注意： 1. 词数80左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a Chinese exchange student currently living in this city. I’m writing to inquire about some details regarding applying for a library card at your institution. Firstly, could you kindly clarify the available book categories for borrowing? Additionally, I would be grateful if you could explain the borrowing policies, including the maximum number of books, loan duration, and any associated fees or fines. Lastly, would you please advise me of the specific location and operating hours for card registration? I would be grateful if you could provide the above information at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国某市一家图书馆的工作人员写一封电子邮件，询问关于办理借书卡的相关信息。 【详解】1.词汇积累 目前：currently→at present 首先：firstly→first and foremost 另外：additionally→in addition 感激的：grateful→thankful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m Li Hua, a Chinese exchange student currently living in this city. 拓展句：I’m Li Hua, a Chinese exchange student who is currently living in this city. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Additionally, I would be grateful if you could explain the borrowing policies, including the maximum number of books, loan duration, and any associated fees or fines. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) [高分句型2] I would be grateful if you could provide the above information at your earliest convenience. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’d always been told to take care of my older brother, Brian, who was born weak and small. I’d often tie his shoes or prepare another glass of water for him. My mom saw my larger size and strong body as a sign that I was to be a kind of guardian angel (守护天使) for Brian. However, that was not the case. One day our school sponsored a pumpkin-carving contest. First prize was $100, and I knew just how I would spend it. There was a brand-new game I was dying to own. So I decided the first place bonus definitely had to land in my pocket. When I had to carve the perfect pumpkin I’d picked out, it dawned on me that with my big clumsy fingers I’d surely screw it up (搞砸). I thought of Brian’s smaller, delicate hands and knew he was the man for the job. I immediately begged Brian. Unexpectedly, he asked for a cut. That was fifty-fifty. Quickly doing the math in my head, I figured out even if I split (分摊) the first prize, I’d still have enough cash for the game. So I gave in to Brian’s demands. With skillful hands Brian carved the perfect face, and now we had the best pumpkin ever. Then the unexpected happened: We came in second. Unfortunately, second prize was only $50, and I needed every penny of that to buy the game. The day of the awards ceremony, the principal handed over the money to me because Brian was home, sick with cold. If he really wanted to win, he would have been here today, I thought to myself, justifying stealing the cash from under poor Brian’s runny nose. With hardly a thought, I ran to the store and bought my dream game. That night when Brian asked if we had won, I denied, afraid to look into his eyes. The whole thing was never mentioned again until the day when Brian was packing for college. I played my usual role in helping him pack when I came across an old album filled with photos he had taken as the school photographer. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?" I was shocked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: I was enjoying the photos when one caught my eye. It was a picture of the pumpkin we had carved together. Underneath, Brian had written, “My first real win with my brother. Even if we didn’t get first, it was a victory because we worked as a team.” Seeing those words, a wave of guilt washed over me. I remembered how I had selfishly taken all the money and lied to him. I realized how much I had let him down. I turned to Brian, ready to confess everything. Paragraph 2: “You actually knew and didn’t say anything?” I was shocked. Brian just smiled gently and said, “I always knew. But I also knew that you needed that game more than the money at that time. And I was proud of our teamwork, not the prize. I hoped one day you’d understand the real meaning of winning together.” His words made me feel even more ashamed. I apologized sincerely, vowing to make it up to him. From then on, I truly understood my role as his guardian angel and the importance of true brotherhood. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与哥哥Brian之间的一次经历，展现了兄弟之间的情感变化以及作者对“真正胜利”的理解。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我正欣赏着这些照片，其中一张吸引了我的目光。”以及第二段首句内容““你其实早就知道却什么都没说？”我震惊地问道。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现自己的哥哥早就知道他们获得了二等奖，却没有揭穿作者。 ②由第二段首句内容““你其实早就知道却什么都没说？”我震惊地问道。”可知，第二段可描写作者向哥哥道歉，也真正理解了兄弟情谊的重要性。 2.续写线索：作者欣赏着照片，突然发现了一张俩人一起雕刻南瓜的照片——在照片下，哥哥记下了他们一起雕刻南瓜这件事，并感叹虽然没有获得第一名，但是仍然是胜利——作者突然意识到哥哥早就知道了真相，却没有揭穿自己的谎言——作者准备向哥哥坦白，可是哥哥却温柔地自己为两人的团队合作感到自豪——作者非常愧疚，真诚地向哥哥道歉——从此之后，作者真正理解了兄弟情谊。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①说谎：lie/ tell a lie ②使……失望：let down/ disappoint ③道歉：apologize/ make an apology 情绪类 ①对……感到自豪：be proud of/ take pride in ②真诚地：sincerely/ genuinely 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was a picture of the pumpkin we had carved together.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Even if we didn’t get first, it was a victory because we worked as a team.（运用了even if引导的状语从句和because引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$