04.句型（专项训练）-2025年小升初复习讲练测（广州教科版）

2025年小升初复习讲练测（广州教科版） 04.句型 （一）陈述句和一般疑问句 （二）特殊疑问句、选择疑问句与反义疑问句 （三）祈使句和感叹句 （四）There be句型 （五）基础训练 （六）强化提升 （一）陈述句和一般疑问句 · 陈述句 陈述句是用来陈述事实或表达观点的句子，句末用句号(.)。分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。 · 肯定句的结构 1. 含be动词的肯定句 结构：主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 表语 例句：I am a student. (我是学生) She is happy. (她很快乐) They are at school. (他们在学校) 2. 含实义动词的肯定句 结构：主语 + 动词 + 其他 例句：I like apples. (我喜欢苹果) He plays football. (他踢足球) 3. 含情态动词的肯定句 结构：主语 + 情态动词(can/may/must等) + 动词原形 例句：She can swim. (她会游泳) We must go now. (我们必须走了) · 否定句的结构 1. 含be动词的否定句 结构：主语 + be动词 + not + 表语 例句：I am not a teacher. (我不是老师) It is not cold today. (今天不冷) 2. 含实义动词的否定句 结构：主语 + do/does + not + 动词原形 例句：I do not (don't) like coffee. (我不喜欢咖啡) He does not (doesn't) watch TV. (他不看电视) 3. 含情态动词的否定句 结构：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 例句：You must not (mustn't) be late. (你不能迟到) They cannot (can't) come. (他们不能来) · 一般疑问句 一般疑问句是用来询问事实或确认信息的句子，需要用Yes或No来回答，句末用问号(?)。 · 一般疑问句的四种基本类型： 1. 含be动词的一般疑问句 结构：Be动词(am/is/are) + 主语 + 其他？ 例句：Is she happy?（她开心吗？）→ Yes, she is. / No, she isn't. Are they at home?（他们在家吗？）→ Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. 2. 含情态动词(can/may/must等)的一般疑问句 结构：情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Can you swim?（你会游泳吗？）→ Yes, I can. / No, I can't. Must I finish my homework now?（我必须现在完成作业吗？）→ Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. 3. 含实义动词的一般疑问句 结构：Do/Does/Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句：Do you like ice cream?（你喜欢冰淇淋吗？）→ Yes, I do. / No, I don't. Does he play football?（他踢足球吗？）→ Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. Did they go to the park?（他们去公园了吗？）→ Yes, they did. / No, they didn't. 4. 含have/has的一般疑问句 结构：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？（现在完成时） 例句：Have you finished your homework?（你完成作业了吗？）→ Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. Has she eaten lunch?（她吃过午饭了吗？）→ Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't. 【小试牛刀】 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．—Do you have a pencil? —Yes, ______. A．I am B．it is C．I do ( ) 2．Does your father ______ to the cinema by car? A．going B．go C．goes ( ) 3．—______ a picture on the door? —Yes. It is a picture of our class. A．Is there B．Are there C．Do you ( ) 4．—______ work in this library? —Yes, I do. A．Are you B．Do you C．Can you ( ) 5．______ you in the library at four yesterday afternoon? A．Did B．Are C．Were 2、 句型转换。 6．The boy does his homework every day. (改为否定句) 7．Tom likes swimming. (改为否定句) 8．Did you watch TV last night? (按实际情况完整回答问题) 9．Are you good at running? (按实际情况回答) 10．The boy is playing basketball. (按要求改写句子) 否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯定回答： 否定回答： （答案见文档末尾） （二）特殊疑问句、选择疑问句与反义疑问句 · 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句是用来询问具体信息的问句，通常以疑问词开头，不能用简单的"yes"或"no"回答。 疑问词 用途举例 例句 What 什么 问事物、名字、颜色等 What is your name?（你叫什么名字？） What color do you like?（你喜欢什么颜色？） Who 谁 问人 Who is your best friend?（你最好的朋友是谁？） Who made this cake?（谁做的这个蛋糕？） Where 在哪里 问地点 Where is my pencil?（我的铅笔在哪里？） Where do you live?（你住在哪里？） When 什么时候 问时间 When is your birthday?（你的生日是什么时候？） When do you go to bed?（你什么时候睡觉？） Why 为什么 问原因 Why do you like dogs?（你为什么喜欢狗？） Why is the sky blue?（天空为什么是蓝色的？） How 怎么样 问方式、感受、年龄等 How do you spell "apple"?（“apple”怎么拼写？） How can I get to the zoo?（我怎么去动物园？） How old 几岁 问年龄 How old is your sister?（你妹妹几岁了？） How old is this tree?（这棵树多少岁了？） How many 多少（可数） 问数量（如苹果、书本等） How many students are in your class?（你们班有多少学生？） How many books do you have?（你有多少本书？） How much 多少（不可数） 问数量（如水、钱等）或价格 How much is this toy?（这个玩具多少钱？） How much milk is in the fridge?（冰箱里有多少牛奶？） · 选择疑问句 选择疑问句（Alternative Question） 是一种提出两个或多个选项供对方选择的疑问句类型。其核心特点是： · 结构上并列多个选项（通常用“or”连接）。 · 回答需从给定选项中选择其一，而非简单的“Yes/No”。 一般疑问句形式： 结构：一般疑问句 + or + 并列选项？ 例句： Do you like tea or coffee?（你喝茶还是咖啡？） Is your bag red or blue?（你的包是红色还是蓝色？） 特殊疑问句形式： 结构：特殊疑问词 + 选项A or 选项B？ 例句： Which one do you prefer, apples or oranges?（你更喜欢苹果还是橘子？） When will you leave, today or tomorrow?（你今天走还是明天走？） 初中语法抢先知：反义疑问句 反义疑问句是一种附加在陈述句后的简短疑问结构，用于确认或征求对方同意。 其基本模式为：陈述句 + 附加疑问部分（助动词/情态动词 + 代词）？ · 基本结构： 肯定陈述句 + 否定疑问部分 You are a student, aren’t you?（你是学生，对吧？） She likes coffee, doesn’t she?（她喜欢咖啡，是吗？） 否定陈述句 + 肯定疑问部分 You aren’t tired, are you?（你不累，对吗？） He didn’t go, did he?（他没去，是吧？） · 构成规则 （1）助动词/情态动词保持一致 陈述句用 be/do/have/can/will 等，疑问部分用相同的助动词。 She has finished, hasn’t she? You can swim, can’t you? （2）主语必须用代词 Tom is here, isn’t he?（✔） Tom is here, isn’t Tom?（✖） · 语调与含义 （1）升调（↗） → 表示不确定，希望得到回答。 It’s cold today, isn’t it?（↗ 你真的觉得冷吗？） （2）降调（↘） → 表示确认，期待对方同意。 You like coffee, don’t you?（↘ 你肯定喜欢咖啡吧？） 【小试牛刀】 选择题。 ( ) 1．—______ will you stay in Britain for your holiday? —For two weeks. A．How old B．How often C．How long ( ) 2．—______ will you go for the summer holiday? —I will go to Zhuhai. A．When B．Where C．How ( ) 3．—Where would you like to go during your holiday? —______ A．On foot. B．Yes, I’d love to. C．I’d like to go to Tokyo. ( ) 4．—What does the monkey look like? —______ A．It likes bananas. B．I like it. C．It has long arms and a long tail. ( ) 5．—______ was Tim’s mother angry this morning? —Because he ______ breakfast. A．Why; don’t have B．Why; didn’t have C．What; didn’t have ( ) 6．Is your classroom big ______ small? A．and B．of C．or ( ) 7．Which do you want? The apple ______ the banana? A．And B．or C．with ( ) 8．—Do you want tea or water? —______. A．Yes, I do. B．Water, please. C．I don’t like chips. ( ) 9．The girl was very short then, ______ she? A．isn’t B．was C．wasn’t ( ) 10．—My hair was very short then, wasn’t it? —______ A．Yes, it is. B．Yes, it was. C．Yes, you were. （答案见文档末尾） （三）祈使句和感叹句 · 祈使句 祈使句用于表达命令、请求、建议、警告等，通常省略主语（you），直接用动词原形开头。 肯定祈使句 动词原形 (+ 宾语/状语) Be careful! 小心点！ Look at the blackboard. 请看黑板！ 否定祈使句 1) Don’t / Never +动词原形 Don’t be late. 别迟到。 Never mind. 别介意。 2) No + doing No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 Let祈使句 3) Let’s (Let us) + 动词原形（建议一起做某事） Let’s go out and make a snowman. 我们出去堆雪人吧！ 4) Let me/him/her + 动词原形（允许某人做某事） Let me have a try. 让我试一试！ · 感叹句 How引导的感叹句 How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语 How long the desk is! 这张桌子好长啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得真快啊！ What引导的感叹句 1) What + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语 What a beautiful girl she is! 多漂亮的姑娘！ What an interesting film it is! 多有意思的电影啊！ 2) What+形容词+可数名词复数（或不可数名词）+主语+谓语 What clever kids they are！多聪明的孩子啊！ What nice music it is! 多动听的音乐啊！ 【小试牛刀】 选择题。 ( ) 1．—If a boy takes all the food from the dish, what will you say to him? —I will say, “_________” A．Be quiet. B．Share with others. C．Help yourself to some dishes. ( ) 2．When people try to push in at the hospital, we should say, “_________” A．Be careful. B．Thank you. C．Wait in line, please. ( ) 3．Frank, _________ talk in the library. You _________ be quiet. A．don’t; can B．no; must C．don’t; must ( ) 4．________ take any money or candy from strangers in the street. A．Do B．Don’t C．We should ( ) 5．_________ up! It’s time for class now. A．Hurry B．Hurries C．Hurried ( ) 6．_________ a beautiful woman she is! A．How B．What C．Why ( ) 7．_________ pretty the girl is! A．What B．What a C．How ( ) 8．_________ famous musician he is! A．What a B．What C．How （答案见文档末尾） （四）There be句型 肯定句 There be+可数名词单（复）数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语 例句：There is some water in the glass. 杯子里有一些水。 否定句 There be not /no+可数名词单（复）数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语 例句：There is not any water in the glass. 杯子里没有水了。（注意：否定句中some要变成any） There is no water in the glass. 杯子里没有水了。 一般疑问句 Be there+可数名词单（复）数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语 例句：Is there any water in the glass? 杯子里有水吗？（注意：一般疑问句中，some也要变成any） There be的就近原则 句子中有两个或两个以上主语时，be与最靠近的主语保持一致。 例句：There is an apple tree and some pear trees in the yard. 院子里有一棵苹果树和一些梨树。 【小试牛刀】 选择题。 ( ) 1．There ______ much more to do in the city than in the country. A．are B．is C．be ( ) 2．There ______ only an old building in my old school. A．were B．was C．is ( ) 3．There ______ a big tree in front of the house in 2000. A．were B．was C．is ( ) 4．There ______ a chair and two desks in the study. A．is B．are C．have ( ) 5．There ______ some milk and some tomatoes on the table. A．is B．are C．have ( ) 6．There ______ 45 desks in the classroom. A．is B．have C．are ( ) 7．There ______ ten English teachers in our school. A．am B．is C．are ( ) 8．There ______ some toy cars in the big blue box. A．is B．are C．aren’t ( ) 9．There ______ no bread or milk on the table. A．am B．is C．are ( ) 10．There isn’t ______ important this weekend. A．something B．anything C．everything （答案见文档末尾） （五）基础训练 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．We’ll fly at five o’clock. We must arrive at the ______ before 3:30. A．airport B．bus station C．underground ( ) 2．You had a cold. You _________ drink more water. A．shouldn’t B．can C．should ( ) 3．Tom ________ go to school yesterday morning. A．is B．does C．didn’t ( ) 4．David ___________ hard last term and he did badly in class. A．didn’t work B．doesn’t work C．wasn’t work ( ) 5．Mary _______ to school last Monday because she was ill. A．doesn’t go B．didn’t go C．won’t go ( ) 6．—Did you ________ your homework yesterday, Tom? —Yes, I did. A．do B．did C．does ( ) 7．Did Janet _______ a big meal yesterday? A．have B．had C．having ( ) 8．—___________ you visit your uncle this summer holiday? —No, I ___________. A．Are; am not B．Will; won’t C．Are; won’t ( ) 9．Does this road ________ the gate of the school? A．led to B．lead to C．leads to ( ) 10．________ your father often go to the park after dinner? A．Do B．Does C．Did ( ) 11．—Where is Tom? —________ A．He is in a new city. B．Yes, I am. C．Thank you. ( ) 12．—Why do you like living in this city? —________ A．They are running. B．There are many beautiful buildings here. C．I’m cutting grass. ( ) 13．—________ —I’m from New York City. A．Where are you from? B．Who are you? C．What's New York like? ( ) 14．—What ________ you do yesterday? —I played outdoors. A．did B．do C．does ( ) 15．What ______ you ______ at home last Sunday? A．was; doing B．were; do C．did; do ( ) 16．What _______ you _______ last weekend? A．do; do B．did; did C．did; do ( ) 17．—________ will you go? —I will go to Beijing. A．What B．Where C．When ( ) 18．________ quiet in the library. A．Keep B．Keeping C．Keeps ( ) 19．________ your best. A．Do B．Does C．Doing ( ) 20．________ interesting the story is! A．How B．What an C．What a ( ) 21．________ a wonderful world! A．How B．This C．What ( ) 22．—________ there any birds in the forest? —Yes, there are. A．Is B．Are C．Can ( ) 23．There ________ a clock and two maps on the wall. A．am B．is C．are ( ) 24．There ______ two toy cars behind the door. A．is B．are C．am ( ) 25．There are some __________ on the farm. A．cow B．goat C．sheep ( ) 26．___________ there ___________ books in your room?   A．Are; any B．Is; any C．Are; some ( ) 27．There ________ some water in the glass. A．is B．isn't C．are ( ) 28．________ fly a kite in the street. A．Do B．Shouldn’t C．Don’t ( ) 29．—Let’s colour the table black. —_______ A．Yes, it is. B．I like blue. C．OK. ( ) 30．_______ eat too much ice cream. A．No B．Not C．Don’t 2、 句型转换。 31．Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 32．I have many books.  （改为否定句） 33．Gao Shan’s sister likes playing table tennis.（改为否定句） 34．She lives in a small town near New York.    （改为一般疑问句） 35．I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句） 36．David has got a goal.（改为一般疑问句） 37．I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问: 38．Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问: 39．There is a river in the forest. (改为否定句) 40．Was there any bread on the table? (用apple替换句子) 3、 翻译题。 41．今天天气怎么样？ What's the today? 42．为什么他们要砍伐树木？ Why do they the trees? 43．请安静！不要在老师讲课的时候玩耍。 ! Don’t play when the teacher is talking. 44．让我们共同努力挽救这些濒危动物。 Let’s to save these animals in danger. 45．中国已经成为一个现代化国家。 China has become a . 46．他没有东西可吃。 He has . 47．你愿意和我们一起去动物园吗？ Would you like to the zoo with us? 48．你是怎么样制作这美味的饺子的？ you the delicious dumplings? 49．他们打算坐飞机还是坐火车去北京？ they go to Beijing by by train? 50．—你在北京玩得不高兴吗？ —是的，玩得不高兴。 —Didn't you have fun in Beijing? — , I . （六）强化提升 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．—Do you want to dance? —______. I’m not good at it. A．Yes, I’d love to B．No, thanks C．Sure ( ) 2．—Would you like to go camping with us? —______, but I have to study. A．Yes, please B．I’d love to C．No problem ( ) 3．—Did your father write an e-mail yesterday? —______ A．Yes, he did. B．Yes, he does. C．No, he don’t. ( ) 4．A: ________ will you stay in Shenzhen? B: I will stay there for five days. A．How B．How often C．How long ( ) 5．—______ are you going there? —By car. A．When B．How C．Where ( ) 6．—______ is the weather ______ in England? —It is changeable. A．What; / B．What; like C．How; like ( ) 7．—What’s summer like in this city? —______ A．I like autumn best. B．Children like to swim. C．It’s hot and sunny. ( ) 8．—________ do you need to get to your school? —About twenty minutes. A．How often B．How long C．How far ( ) 9．Boy: _________ are you going to do your homework? Girl: At home. A．How B．Where C．What ( ) 10．________ the weather like today? A．What’s B．What C．How’s ( ) 11．—Is Xinhua Cinema on the left or on the right? —________ A．No, it isn’t. B．Yes, you’re right. C．It’s on the left. ( ) 12．—Is the school on your right ________ on your left? —On my left. A．and B．or C．but ( ) 13．Linda ate nothing this morning, ________? A．didn't she B．was she C．did she ( ) 14．________ cross the road when the traffic light is red. A．Don't B．Do C．Let ( ) 15．Don’t ___________ on the stairs. A．running B．run C．is running ( ) 16．Jenny, please ___________ the school building clean. A．keep B．keeps C．keeping ( ) 17．The floor is wet. Don’t ___________ there. A．walking B．walks C．walk ( ) 18．There ________ a sofa in the room.     A．has B．are C．is ( ) 19．There ______ some books in the bedroom. A．is B．be C．are ( ) 20．— ______ any balls? —Yes, there are. A．There are B．Is there C．Are there 2、 选词填空。 when    where    what    how    which    who 21．— are you going? —I’m going to the Bund. 22．— are they going to the party? —By taxi. 23．— are you going to Shanghai Museum? —Tomorrow afternoon. 24．— are you going to buy for the party? —We are going to buy some snacks. 25．— is he going to Beijing with? —He is going to Beijing with his friend. 3、 根据答句填相应的特殊疑问词。 26．— is Mother’s Day? —It is on the second Sunday of May. 27．— is your favorite subject? —English is my favorite subject. 28．— does he do? —He is a great nurse. 29．— not make a year book? —That’s a better idea. 30．— are the labs? —On the sixth floor. 4、 句型转换。 31．My uncle is watching an Australian football game. (用 every year 改写) 32．My cousin often does his homework before dinner. (改为否定句) 33．There were some potatoes in the kitchen. (改为否定句) 34．We are going to bring some nice food to the party tomorrow. (改为一般疑问句) 35．I want to be an astronaut in the future. (改为一般疑问句) 36．Mike will go to Beijing in July. (对画线部分提问) 37．Sam wants to be a basketball player in the future. (对画线部分提问) 38．My brother is going to read books at home tonight. (对画线部分提问) 39．A: (根据答语写问句) B: It’s two hundred meters from my home to school. 40．We will stay there for a month. (对画线部分提问) 41．I play tennis once a week. (对划线部分进行提问) 42．It is about five thousand years old. (对画线部分提问) 43．The book is fourteen dollars. (对画线部分提问) 44．A child sleeps for ten hours a night. (对画线部分提问) 45．Were you born in the city or in the country? (根据实际情况回答问题) 46．The student could hardly finish his homework. (改为反义疑问句) The student could hardly finish his homework, ? 47．There is litte orange juce in the bottle. (改为反义疑问句) There is little orange juice in the bottle, ? 48．Read it loudly, please. (改为否定句) 49．They get beautiful flowers. (感叹句) 50．There is some milk in the bottle. (改为一般疑问句并做否定回答) 参考答案： 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （一）陈述句和一般疑问句 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．The boy doesn’t do his homework every day. 7．Tom doesn’t like swimming. 8．Yes, I did. 9．如：Yes, I am. 10．否定句：The boy isn’t playing basketball. 一般疑问句：Is the boy playing basketball? 肯定回答：Yes, he is. 否定回答：No, he isn’t. （二）特殊疑问句、选择疑问句与反义疑问句 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B （三）祈使句和感叹句 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A （四）There be句型 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．B （五）基础训练 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．A 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．C 31．Yes, I /we do. 32．I don’t have many books. 33．Gao Shan’s sister doesn’t like playing table tennis. 34．Does she live in a small town near New York? 35．Do you watch TV every day? 36．Has David got a goal? 37．I don't usually play football on Friday afternoon. Do you usually play football on Friday afternoon? What do you usually do on Friday afternoon? 38．Janet doesn’t wash any clothes on Saturday. Does Janet usually wash any clothes on Saturday? When does Janet usually wash some clothes? 39．There isn’t a river in the forest./There is not a river in the forest. 40．Were there any apples on the table? 41．weather like 42．cut down 43．Be quiet 44．work together 45．modern country 46．nothing to eat 47．to go 48．How do make 49．will plane or 50．No didn᾽t （六）强化提升 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．C 19．C 20．C 21．Where 22．How 23．When 24．What 25．Who 26．When 27．What 28．What 29．Why 30．Where 31．My uncle watches an Australian football game every year. 32．My cousin doesn’t often do his homework before dinner. 33．There weren’t any potatoes in the kitchen. 34．Are you going to bring any nice food to the party tomorrow? 35．Do you want to be an astronaut in the future? 36．When will Mike go to Beijing? 37．What does Sam want to be in the future? 38．What is your brother going to do at home tonight? 39．How far is it from your home to school? 40．How long will you stay there? 41．How often do you play tennis? 42．How old is it? 43．How much is the book? 44．How many hours does a child sleep a night? 45．I was born in the country. 46．could he 47．is there 48．Don’t read it loudly, please. 49．What beautiful flowers they get! 50．—Is there any milk in the bottle? —No, there isn’t. $$