2025年高考英语全真模拟终极押题卷一（北京卷）（原卷版+解析版+答题卡）

绝密★启用前 2025年高考英语全真模拟终极押题卷（一）（北京卷）原卷版 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 2、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共10小题;每小题 1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 At 22, Clara Parker, full of artistic dreams, entered the art college. But soon, facing financial hardship, Clara had to quit school to find a 1 . But opportunities were rare. Just when she was almost hopeless, she heard a local mine was hiring. 2 the tough, male-dominated environment, she applied and got the job, becoming the youngest and only female in the team. Her colleagues, 3 of her ability, started to whisper that she should leave. But Clara was determined. She spent her breaks studying the machinery manuals, asking the more experienced miners for advice. Gradually, she became 4 for the job. Even in the midst of the exhausting mining work, Clara never let go of her 5 for art. During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners, trying to 6 the tiredness and determination in their eyes. These sketches were an artistic outlet as well as a way for her to 7 with the people around her. On weekends, using the limited paints she could afford, she’d create more elaborate paintings of the mine’s inside. Each stroke (笔画) of the brush was a means by which she could 8 the experiences of the week and find meaning in the tough job. Clara’s art not only brought a touch of 9 to the otherwise depressing mining environments but also united the workers in a shared appreciation for her talent. Now, Clara is a symbol of strength. While dreaming of returning to art school, she finds her hidden capabilities and resilience, proving unexpected journeys can inspire 10 . 1．A．project B．task C．way D．job 2．A．In contrast to B．Thanks to C．In spite of D．Apart from 3．A．doubtful B．certain C．aware D．proud 4．A．known B．qualified C．responsible D．grateful 5．A．concern B．appreciation C．respect D．passion 6．A．catch B．distinguish C．remove D．measure 7．A．joke B．compete C．connect D．trade 8．A．process B．explain C．escape D．compare 9．A．freedom B．wisdom C．humour D．beauty 10．A．acceptance B．growth C．honesty D．innovation 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A foreign tourist shared his travel experience with visa-free entry in China on social media. “Before my trip 11 China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea 12 difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. However, after explaining to airport staff that I intended to enter China with the 240-hour visa-free transit policy, everything went quite smoothly afterward,” he said. During his trip, he 13 (visit) major southeastern coastal cities of China, among which Shanghai and Hangzhou left a deep impression on him. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was one of the 14 (quiet) yet most remarkable national heroes. During the early hard years, he 15 (conduct) research on China’s nuclear submarine all year round. For 30 years when he was even absent from family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. 16 (respect) widely, he was named the man who built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedication and outstanding contributions will always be remembered. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 China has big plans for space exploration. The country is making steady progress in its manned lunar program and aims to land Chinese astronauts 17 the moon by 2030, the China Manned Space Agency said on March 3. The design work for key project 18 (component), including the Mengzhou manned spacecraft and the Wangyu lunar suit, is progressing on schedule. The space agency also 19 (announce) plans for two manned spaceflights this year — Shenzhou XX and XXI — as well as the Tianzhou 9 cargo mission to the Tiangong space station. Crew members for the two flights 20 (select) and are undergoing training. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分) 第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Best Washington, D．C． Museums Washington, D．C． has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History There is something for everyone at this world-famous museum. It houses so many artifacts (手工艺品) that you can’t possibly see them all in one visit. The dinosaur exhibits are fascinating and great for kids. Then there’s amazing scenery in the IMAX films. Visiting Tip: If you are visiting with kids, be sure to have a shot at hands-on activities. Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens Located outside of the city, the home of George Washington is often missed. The estate is the most scenic tourist attraction in the Washington, D．C． area. The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life. Visiting Tip: Visit the Mansion first as it is usually the most crowded. U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum The museum is a memorial to the millions of victims who died during World War II. The exhibits tell the horrific story of genocide and teach the dangers of hatred and prejudice. Visiting this museum is an emotional experience. The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18. Visiting Tip: Timed passes are distributed for the same day on a first-come, first-served basis. 21．What can visitors gain by visiting Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens? A．A feast of ancient architectural art. B．A review of American history. C．A knowledge of real estate development. D．An insight into George Washington’s life. 22．Which museum is unsuitable for kids? A．None of the museums. B．Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens. C．U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. D．National Museum of Natural History. 23．Where is this passage probably taken from? A．A travel journal. B．A shopping guide. C．A sports magazine. D．An architecture report. B Chinook salmon and their habitats in Seattle’s Thornton Creek suffered severely due to urban expansion, causing flash floods and biodiversity loss. Despite restoration efforts, the once-abundant salmon all but disappeared. During a conference, biologist Katherine Lynch proposed rebuilding the creek’s missing “liver” damaged by urbanization. Lynch has been studying the hyporheic zone, a layer of wet sediment (沉积物), small stones and tiny creatures beneath the streambed. It facilitates water mixing and oxygen delivery to salmon eggs, earning the nickname “liver of the river.” The disappearance of this zone threatens the health of waterways. Lynch recognized that, however, most restoration efforts in Seattle overlooked it or disconnected it from the surface water. Teamed with engineer Mike Hrachovec, Lynch redesigned Thornton Creek. They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. These accurately placed logs and rocks, known as “hyporheic structures,” also create pockets of slow water that provide safe shelters for juvenile fish — all meant toemulate features of a natural stream. Subsequent data analysis confirmed the stream functioned as Lynch’s team — and nature — intended. But was the stream also supporting life? Given that the stone and sand positioned were sterile (贫瘠的) territory, Lynch thought that a biological jumpstart might be necessary and that the return of life to restored creeks relied on organisms migrating from healthy upstream habitats. So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. But even though the number of individuals was high, the biodiversity was relatively low. A 2021 study by stream ecologist Sarah Morley noted that while a few of the new species grew rapidly, most were similar to those in unrestored section. Scientists are exploring reasons for the limited survival of introduced species, and because this science is so new, they have not ruled out any potential explanations: differences in the donor stream, size of the restored area, or poor water quality. They might have inoculated the hyporheic too soon, before essential vegetation could establish. The Thornton Creek restorations have successfully prevented neighbourhood flooding, even during heavy storms, and stabilized the stream’s flow. Most notably, Chinook salmon returned to lay eggs in the restored hyporheic zones, touching Lynch deeply. She recalls, “this success suggests that small urban creek restorations can revitalize functioning ecosystems.” 24．What does the underlined word “emulate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Record. B．Copy. C．Monitor. D．Transform. 25．What can be inferred about the microbial inoculation in Thornton Creek? A．It introduced essential vegetation. B．It restored the original biodiversity. C．It increased the total quantity of microbes. D．It sourced microbes from downstream habitats. 26．What can we learn from Lynch’s restoration project? A．It focused on increasing water oxygen levels. B．It recreated the conditions of the donor stream. C．It removed human-made structures from the creek. D．It integrated physical redesign with bio-intervention. 27．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．To Revive a River, Restore Its Liver. B．Urbanization: A Silent Killer of a River. C．Chinook Salmon Boost the Diversity of Ecosystems. D．What Makes the Hyporheic Zone Vital for Restoration?. C Tara grew up in a remote mountain region of Idaho, where her family led an unconventional lifestyle, avoiding modern society. Formal education was frowned upon, and Tara spent her childhood working alongside her parents mixing herbs with her mother and helping her father in his scrapyard(废料场). Books were rare in their home, and Tara's learning was limited to what her parents chose to teach. As Tara grew older, she became aware of the world beyond her family's isolated home. Her curiosity about education deepened. At the age of 16, she decided to change her life and pursue formal learning, a decision that created tension within her family. With no formal schooling, Tara taught herself basic subjects, often studying late into the night. When she finally gained admission to college, she faced enormous challenges: she struggled to keep up with classmates and often doubted her ability to succeed. College life was not easy. With no formal schooling background, she had to teach herself everything from basic math to history, it was a journey filled with obstacles and moments of self-doubt, The idea of sitting in a college classroom seemed almost impossible. Yet, she persevered, driven by a desire to understand and grow. Entering college, Tara faced not only academic challenges but deep-seated fears from her upbringing. Every classroom discussion seemed overwhelming, every historical fact she hadn’t learned made her feel out of place. But Tara found teachers who believed in her potential. They guided her, and she started to see herself as more than her past. Over time, Tara's endurance paid off. She earned a doctorate at Cambridge, transforming her life and redefining what was possible. Looking back, Tara realized her journey was not just about gaining knowledge it was about facing challenges bravely and having the courage to redefine who she really was. 28．What prevented Tara from formal education during her childhood? A．Her young age. B．Her lack of interest. C．Her parents’ attitude. D．Her heavy workload. 29．What motivated Tara to seek an education? A．Pressure from her life. B．Desire for knowledge. C．Tension within her family. D．Encouragement from her parents. 30．What challenge did Tara face when she started college? A．She struggled with making friends. B．She had never attended school before. C．She had difficulty adjusting to the urban environment. D．She faced financial difficulties in paying for college tuition. 31．What can be learned from Tara's story? A．Family support guarantees success. B．Pursuing education is easy for everyone C．Isolation helps individuals achieve their goals. D．Overcoming difficulties leads to personal growth. D Memories are funny, aren’t they? You can be going along, minding your business, and then, all of a sudden, a memory pops into your head. Sometimes memories are triggered (触发) by a song that reminds you of the setting where you first heard it. Or it may be a smell that makes you think of a delicious meal with your friends or family. Perhaps hearing kids arguing makes you remember an unhappy situation with childhood friends. These spontaneous (自发的) memories can be “sweet,” or they might be “sour.” Did you ever wonder what’s going on in your brain that makes your memories produce positive or negative emotions? Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biologica Studies in California have made a discovery that could help to uncover this secret. The explanation is a bit technical (for those of us who are not brain scientists), but basically it all focuses on a single molecule (分子) called neurotensin (神经降压素). Our surrounding environment is constantly presenting our brain with stimuli (刺激). The molecule neurotensin acts as a key indicator of whether an experience is labeled as positive or negative, depending on the nature of the stimuli. Our brain subsequently associates similar stimuli with the pleasant or painful memory that we experienced. The study by the Salk Institute was published in the journal Nature. The focus of their experiments was the brain circuitry of laboratory mice. After a sound was played, the mice received either a pleasant swallow of sugary water or, an unpleasant electrical shock or puff of air. The researchers discovered that neurotensin was the signal that associated the sound with reward or with punishment When the gene (基因) that regulates neurotensin was removed from the mice’s brains, they had more difficulty connecting the sound with the sugary water. However, the negative responses were enhanced. Understanding how neurons in the brain respond to neurotensin could have influences on one’s mental health. Addictions may be caused by overly high levels of neurotensin (connected with positive rewards). On the other hand, depression and anxiety can result when decreased levels of neurotensin allow negative responses to dominate. Thus, regulating neurotensin could help to maintain mental stability. One other thing: The research study showed that the brain may tend to be a pessimist, focusing on fearful memories that cause negative emotional responses. Perhaps insights into neurotensin will help us have fewer sour memories and more sweet ones. 32．What is the function of neurotensin? A．To provide our brain with stimuli. B．To indicate the category of an experience. C．To focus on the surrounding environment. D．To associate the stimuli with our memory. 33．What can we learn from the passage? A．Addictions and anxiety may be related to different levels of neurotensin. B．The mice were given both sugary water and an electrical shock after hearing a sound. C．As the gene which controls neurotensin disappeared, the negative responses decreased. D．The brain prefers connecting with fearful memories which produce unexpected emotions. 34．What is the passage mainly about? A．What happens in our brain to form our memory. B．What the discovery of memory can do for mental health. C．How brain connects our memory with different emotions. D．How we regulate neurotensin to make us have good emotions. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Much smaller in size than the diameter of an average human hair, nanoplastics are invisible to the naked eye. Linked to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in people, nanoplastics continue to build up, largely unnoticed, in the world’s bodies of water. 35 Therefore, at is urgent to develop better ways to remove nanoplastics from water. However the challenge remains to develop a cost-effective solution to get rid of nanoplastics while leaving clean water behind. 36 Recently, researchers created a cheap liquid-based solution that removes more than 98% of these microscopic plastic particles (颗粒) from water. The innovative method uses water-resistant solvents (溶剂) made from natural ingredients. It not only offers a practical solution to the pressing issue of nanoplastic pollution but also paves the way for further research and development in advanced water purification technologies. The strategy uses a small amount of designer solvent to absorb plastic particles from a large dume of water. 37 Once mixed with water and allowed to reseparate, the solvent floats back to the surface, carrying the nanoplastics within its molecular structure. Currently, the capacity of the solvent is not well understood. 38 Additionally, they will explore methods to recycle the solvent, enabling their reuse multiple times if necessary. 39 The solvents are made from safe, non-toxic components, and their ability to resist water prevents additional pollution of water sources, making them a highly sustainable solution. From a scientific perspective, creating effective removal methods fosters innovation in filtration technologies, provides insights into nanomaterial behavior, and supports the development of informed environmental policies. A．That’s where a new research comes in. B．The cost of producing the solvent is still too high. C．Previous methods failed to purify and recycle the small particles. D．Initially, the solvent sits on the water’s surface the way oil floats on water. E．In future work, researchers aim to determine the maximum capacity of the solvent. F．The new method offers multiple advantages that are both practical and scientifically significant. G．They can damage water ecosystems and enter the food chain, threatening wildlife and humans. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分) 第一节 (共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12 分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Good news for procrastinators (拖延者): There is a way to use procrastination to your advantage. Most procrastinators make the mistake of doing nothing at all. But when you use procrastination as motivation to get things done, you can avoid doing that one thing you really would rather not do and be quite productive. It’s what essayist John Perry calls “structured procrastination”. Let’s say, for example, you have a number of tasks you are avoiding, in order of urgency:1) Finishing an essay; 2) Responding to emails; 3) Cleaning and doing laundry. A non-procrastinator would accomplish these tasks in order of urgency. A procrastinator would avoid doing them altogether. But a structured procrastinator would do them in reverse (反向) — using his desire to avoid writing the essay as motivation to do cleaning and respond to emails. Since he can reprogram by working on other things that are still valuable, he is actually getting a lot done. College senior Jordan Gonen is what you might call a structured procrastinator. When he is overcome with fear of homework, he’ll preoccupy himself with what he calls “quick wins”—sending emails and writing articles for his blog. “It’s still procrastinating my homework, but instead of doing nothing in the meantime, I’m still getting a lot done,” Gonen says. Once he gets through these tasks, Gonen can more easily get into the mindset of tackling his homework. “A lot of these smaller tasks aren’t particularly fun or productive, but if you can really knock them out really quickly over a certain period of time, then you can get a lot more done and it doesn’t feel necessarily worse — you’ re just working 100 percent on whatever you’ re working on,” Gonen says. 40．What is “structured procrastination”? 41．How would structured procrastinators handle a number of tasks they are avoiding? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Gonen gets through his smaller tasks first because they are fun and productive. 43．Would you use structured procrastination in your daily life? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 第二节 (20分) 假如你是红星中学龙舟队队长李华。龙舟队近期将参加比赛，请用英文写一封邮件告知你的队友Jim，内容包括： 1.比赛信息； 2.赛前准备。 注意: 1. 词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 试卷第10页，共10页 试卷第9页，共10页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025年高考英语全真模拟终极押限题卷（一）（北京卷） 英语·答题卡 ■ 姓名： 考 ■ 准考证号 标记 条码粘贴处 ■ 口 准考证号 ■ 注意事项 ■ 0 0 1,答题前， 考生先将自己的姓名、准考正号码填写清 1 楚 ■ 2 2 2.请将准考证条粘贴在右怕的条码粘处的方相 内 3 3 3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选必须用05 4 4 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整 5 5 4.请按题号颜序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的 答案无效，在草纸，试卷上作答无效。 ■ 6 6 5.保尉特卡面清洁。不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准 7 7 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 8 8 6.填涂样例正确■错误【一-[Ⅱ灯 ■ 9 9 ■ ■ 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第-节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） ■ 1.[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C][D] 7.[A][B][C][D] ■ 3[A][B][C][DJ 8.[A][B][C][D] ■ 4.[A][B][C][D] 9.[A][B][C][D 5.[A][B][C][D] 10.[A][B][C][D] 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 11 12 13. 14 15 ■ 16 17 18 19 20 ■ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 2L[A][B][C][D]26.[AJ[B][C][D]31.[A][B][C]LD]35.[A][B][C][DIE][E][G] ■ 22[A][B][C][D]27.[A][B][C][D]32.[A1[B][C][D]36.[A][B][C][D[E][F][G] 23[A][B][C][D]28.[A][B][C][D]33[A][B][C][D]37.[A][B][C][D][E][F1[G] ■ 24[A][B]1[C][D]29[A][B][C][D]34.[A][B][C][D]38.[A][B][C][D[E][F][G] 25.[A][B][C1[D]30[A][B][C1[D] 39[A1[B][C][D[B][FLG] ■ ■ 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 (满分12分) ■ 40 ■ (2分) 41 (2分) · 42 (3分) 43 ■ (5分) 第二节（满粉20分） Dear Jim, ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Yours, Li Hua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 绝密★启用前 2025年高考英语全真模拟终极押题卷（一）（北京卷）解析版 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 2、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共10小题;每小题 1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 At 22, Clara Parker, full of artistic dreams, entered the art college. But soon, facing financial hardship, Clara had to quit school to find a 1 . But opportunities were rare. Just when she was almost hopeless, she heard a local mine was hiring. 2 the tough, male-dominated environment, she applied and got the job, becoming the youngest and only female in the team. Her colleagues, 3 of her ability, started to whisper that she should leave. But Clara was determined. She spent her breaks studying the machinery manuals, asking the more experienced miners for advice. Gradually, she became 4 for the job. Even in the midst of the exhausting mining work, Clara never let go of her 5 for art. During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners, trying to 6 the tiredness and determination in their eyes. These sketches were an artistic outlet as well as a way for her to 7 with the people around her. On weekends, using the limited paints she could afford, she’d create more elaborate paintings of the mine’s inside. Each stroke (笔画) of the brush was a means by which she could 8 the experiences of the week and find meaning in the tough job. Clara’s art not only brought a touch of 9 to the otherwise depressing mining environments but also united the workers in a shared appreciation for her talent. Now, Clara is a symbol of strength. While dreaming of returning to art school, she finds her hidden capabilities and resilience, proving unexpected journeys can inspire 10 . 1．A．project B．task C．way D．job 2．A．In contrast to B．Thanks to C．In spite of D．Apart from 3．A．doubtful B．certain C．aware D．proud 4．A．known B．qualified C．responsible D．grateful 5．A．concern B．appreciation C．respect D．passion 6．A．catch B．distinguish C．remove D．measure 7．A．joke B．compete C．connect D．trade 8．A．process B．explain C．escape D．compare 9．A．freedom B．wisdom C．humour D．beauty 10．A．acceptance B．growth C．honesty D．innovation 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克拉拉・帕克因经济困难辍学后在矿场工作，同时坚持艺术梦想，展现出能力与韧性的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，面对经济困难，克拉拉不得不辍学去找一份工作。A. project项目；B. task任务；C. way方式；D. job工作。根据上文 “facing financial hardship”可知，她辍学是为了找一份“工作”来解决经济问题。故选D项。 2．考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管是在艰苦的、男性主导的环境中，她还是申请并得到了这份工作，成为了团队中最年轻的且唯一的女性。A. In contrast to与……形成对比；B. Thanks to多亏；C. In spite of尽管；D. Apart from除了。根据下文“the tough, male-dominated environment, she applied and got the job, becoming the youngest and only female in the team.”可知，尽管环境艰苦且由男性主导，她还是申请并得到了工作。故选C项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的同事们对她的能力表示怀疑，开始私下说她应该离开。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. certain确定的；C. aware意识到的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文“started to whisper that she should leave”可知，同事们对她的能力是“怀疑的”，所以才会说她应该离开。故选A项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她胜任了这份工作。A. known知名的；B. qualified能胜任的；C. responsible负责的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文“She spent her breaks studying the machinery manuals, asking the more experienced miners for advice.”可知，她花休息时间研究机械手册，向更有经验的矿工请教，由此可推断，此处指的是她渐渐地“能胜任”这份工作了。故选B项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在疲惫的采矿工作中，克拉拉也从未放弃她对艺术的热情。A. concern关心；B. appreciation欣赏；C. respect尊重；D. passion热情。根据下文“During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners”可知，在短暂午休的时候她都会画旷工的脸，由此可推断，此处指的是她从未放弃对艺术的“热情”符合语境。故选D项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在短暂的午休时间里，她会迅速画出矿工同伴们的脸，试图捕捉他们眼中的疲惫和决心。A. catch捕捉；B. distinguish区分；C. remove移除；D. measure测量。根据上文“During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners”以及下文“the tiredness and determination in their eyes”可知，她画画是为了“捕捉”同伴们眼中的疲惫和决心。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些素描是一种艺术的宣泄方式，也是她与周围人建立联系的一种方式。A. joke开玩笑；B. compete竞争；C. connect联系；D. trade交易。根据上文“During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners”可知，在午休的时候她画同伴们的脸，结合下文“with the people around her”可知，这是她与周围人建立“联系”的一种方式。故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：画笔的每一笔都是她梳理一周经历的一种方式，并且能在这份艰苦的工作中找到意义。A. process处理，梳理；B. explain解释；C. escape逃跑；D. compare比较。根据上文的“Each stroke (笔画) of the brush was a means”以及下文的“the experiences of the week and find meaning in the tough job.”可知，通过画画找到这份艰苦工作的意义，由此可推测，此处指的是画画是她“梳理”一周经历的方式。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉的艺术不仅为原本压抑的采矿环境带来了一丝美感，也让工人们因对她才华的共同欣赏而团结在一起。A. freedom自由；B. wisdom智慧；C. humour幽默；D. beauty美丽，美感。根据常识和上文的“Clara’s art”以及下文的“to the otherwise depressing mining environments”可知，此处讲述的是她的艺术带来的意义，由此可知，此处表示她的艺术为压抑的环境带来了“美感”符合语境。故选D项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然梦想着回到艺术学校，但她发现了自己隐藏的能力和韧性，证明了意想不到的旅程可以激发成长。A. acceptance接受；B. growth成长；C. honesty诚实；D. innovation创新。根据上文“Even in the midst of the exhausting mining work”可知，此处介绍的是她在采矿工作中的经历，结合“While dreaming of returning to art school, she finds her hidden capabilities and resilience”可知，她虽然在从事采矿工作，但是这段经历让她发现了自己隐藏的能力和韧性，由此可知，此处指的是这段经历激发了她的成长。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A foreign tourist shared his travel experience with visa-free entry in China on social media. “Before my trip 11 China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea 12 difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. However, after explaining to airport staff that I intended to enter China with the 240-hour visa-free transit policy, everything went quite smoothly afterward,” he said. During his trip, he 13 (visit) major southeastern coastal cities of China, among which Shanghai and Hangzhou left a deep impression on him. 【答案】11．to 12．what 13．visited 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位外国游客在社交媒体上分享了他在中国免签入境的旅行经历。 11．考查介词。句意：在我四月份去中国旅行之前，我相当紧张，因为我不知道在边境管控部门我会遇到什么样的困难。trip to...是固定搭配，意为“去……的旅行”。故填to。 12．考查同位语从句。句意：在我四月份去中国旅行之前，我相当紧张，因为我不知道在边境管控部门我会遇到什么样的困难。空处引导同位语从句，空处作定语，修饰名词difficulties，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 13．考查时态。句意：在他的旅行期间，他参观了中国东南部的一些主要沿海城市，其中上海和杭州给他留下了深刻的印象。根据During his trip可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词visit应用过去式形式。故填visited。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was one of the 14 (quiet) yet most remarkable national heroes. During the early hard years, he 15 (conduct) research on China’s nuclear submarine all year round. For 30 years when he was even absent from family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. 16 (respect) widely, he was named the man who built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedication and outstanding contributions will always be remembered. 【答案】14．quietest 15．was conducting/conducted 16．Respected 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了黄旭华这位国家英雄，讲述了他为中国核潜艇事业做出的贡献以及他的无私奉献精神。 14．考查形容词最高级。句意：黄旭华（1924.2 - 2025.2）是最默默无闻却又最为卓越的民族英雄之一。此处为“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示 “最……之一”，所以此处为形容quiet的最高级形式 quietest。故填quietest。 15．考查动词时态。句意：在早期艰难的岁月里，他一整年都在进行中国核潜艇的研究。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语During the early hard years可知，此处可以理解为描述过去一段时间内持续进行的动作，用过去进行时，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was conducting；也可以理解为描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为conduct的过去式形式conducted。故填was conducting/conducted。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：他广受尊敬，被誉为建造水下长城的人。此处为非谓语动词作状语，he和respect之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词respected作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Respected。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 China has big plans for space exploration. The country is making steady progress in its manned lunar program and aims to land Chinese astronauts 17 the moon by 2030, the China Manned Space Agency said on March 3. The design work for key project 18 (component), including the Mengzhou manned spacecraft and the Wangyu lunar suit, is progressing on schedule. The space agency also 19 (announce) plans for two manned spaceflights this year — Shenzhou XX and XXI — as well as the Tianzhou 9 cargo mission to the Tiangong space station. Crew members for the two flights 20 (select) and are undergoing training. 【答案】17．on 18．components 19．announced 20．have been selected 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的太空探索计划。 17．考查介词。句意：3月3日，中国载人航天机构表示，我国载人探月工程正在稳步推进，目标是到2030年实现载人登月。短语land on表示“降落”。故填on。 18．考查名词的数。句意：包括 “梦舟” 载人航天器和 “望宇” 月球服在内的关键项目部件的设计工作正按计划推进。根据including the Mengzhou manned spacecraft and the Wangyu lunar suit可知数量大于一用复数形式作宾语。故填components。 19．考查时态。句意：中国航天局还宣布了今年两次载人航天飞行计划——神舟20号和21号，以及前往天宫空间站的天舟9号货运任务。动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故填announced。 20．考查时态语态。句意：这两次飞行的机组人员已经选定，正在接受训练。主语Crew members for the two flights与谓语构成被动关系，且表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been selected。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分) 第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Best Washington, D．C． Museums Washington, D．C． has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History There is something for everyone at this world-famous museum. It houses so many artifacts (手工艺品) that you can’t possibly see them all in one visit. The dinosaur exhibits are fascinating and great for kids. Then there’s amazing scenery in the IMAX films. Visiting Tip: If you are visiting with kids, be sure to have a shot at hands-on activities. Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens Located outside of the city, the home of George Washington is often missed. The estate is the most scenic tourist attraction in the Washington, D．C． area. The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life. Visiting Tip: Visit the Mansion first as it is usually the most crowded. U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum The museum is a memorial to the millions of victims who died during World War II. The exhibits tell the horrific story of genocide and teach the dangers of hatred and prejudice. Visiting this museum is an emotional experience. The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18. Visiting Tip: Timed passes are distributed for the same day on a first-come, first-served basis. 21．What can visitors gain by visiting Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens? A．A feast of ancient architectural art. B．A review of American history. C．A knowledge of real estate development. D．An insight into George Washington’s life. 22．Which museum is unsuitable for kids? A．None of the museums. B．Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens. C．U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. D．National Museum of Natural History. 23．Where is this passage probably taken from? A．A travel journal. B．A shopping guide. C．A sports magazine. D．An architecture report. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区几座值得参观的博物馆。 21．细节理解题。根据Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens部分中“The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life. (这座历史悠久的住宅经过修复和装饰，恢复了华盛顿居住时的样子。博物馆和教育中心设有25个最先进的画廊和剧院，讲述华盛顿的生活故事。)”可知，游客可以通过参观Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens深入了解乔治·华盛顿的生活。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum部分中“The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18. (不建议18岁以下的儿童参观这些展品。)”可知，U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum不适合儿童参观。故选C。 23．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段“Washington, D.C. has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses. (华盛顿特区有许多精彩的博物馆，几乎能吸引每一位游客的兴趣。从大型的由公共资金资助的机构到小型的历史故居，做好充分学习的准备，同时还能发现一些令人惊喜的意外收获。)”可知，文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区几座值得参观的博物馆，文章可能选自一本旅游杂志。故选A。 B Chinook salmon and their habitats in Seattle’s Thornton Creek suffered severely due to urban expansion, causing flash floods and biodiversity loss. Despite restoration efforts, the once-abundant salmon all but disappeared. During a conference, biologist Katherine Lynch proposed rebuilding the creek’s missing “liver” damaged by urbanization. Lynch has been studying the hyporheic zone, a layer of wet sediment (沉积物), small stones and tiny creatures beneath the streambed. It facilitates water mixing and oxygen delivery to salmon eggs, earning the nickname “liver of the river.” The disappearance of this zone threatens the health of waterways. Lynch recognized that, however, most restoration efforts in Seattle overlooked it or disconnected it from the surface water. Teamed with engineer Mike Hrachovec, Lynch redesigned Thornton Creek. They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. These accurately placed logs and rocks, known as “hyporheic structures,” also create pockets of slow water that provide safe shelters for juvenile fish — all meant toemulate features of a natural stream. Subsequent data analysis confirmed the stream functioned as Lynch’s team — and nature — intended. But was the stream also supporting life? Given that the stone and sand positioned were sterile (贫瘠的) territory, Lynch thought that a biological jumpstart might be necessary and that the return of life to restored creeks relied on organisms migrating from healthy upstream habitats. So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. But even though the number of individuals was high, the biodiversity was relatively low. A 2021 study by stream ecologist Sarah Morley noted that while a few of the new species grew rapidly, most were similar to those in unrestored section. Scientists are exploring reasons for the limited survival of introduced species, and because this science is so new, they have not ruled out any potential explanations: differences in the donor stream, size of the restored area, or poor water quality. They might have inoculated the hyporheic too soon, before essential vegetation could establish. The Thornton Creek restorations have successfully prevented neighbourhood flooding, even during heavy storms, and stabilized the stream’s flow. Most notably, Chinook salmon returned to lay eggs in the restored hyporheic zones, touching Lynch deeply. She recalls, “this success suggests that small urban creek restorations can revitalize functioning ecosystems.” 24．What does the underlined word “emulate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Record. B．Copy. C．Monitor. D．Transform. 25．What can be inferred about the microbial inoculation in Thornton Creek? A．It introduced essential vegetation. B．It restored the original biodiversity. C．It increased the total quantity of microbes. D．It sourced microbes from downstream habitats. 26．What can we learn from Lynch’s restoration project? A．It focused on increasing water oxygen levels. B．It recreated the conditions of the donor stream. C．It removed human-made structures from the creek. D．It integrated physical redesign with bio-intervention. 27．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．To Revive a River, Restore Its Liver. B．Urbanization: A Silent Killer of a River. C．Chinook Salmon Boost the Diversity of Ecosystems. D．What Makes the Hyporheic Zone Vital for Restoration?. 【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过重建溪流“肝脏”——潜流带，成功恢复生态系统功能并使鲑鱼回归的生态修复过程。 24．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. These accurately placed logs and rocks, known as “hyporheic structures,” also create pockets of slow water that provide safe shelters for juvenile fish — all meant to emulate features of a natural stream. (他们从策略上以精确的角度把原木放入水中，以制造出小瀑布和近乎静止的水洼，产生液压将水挤压进潜流带。这些精准放置的原木和石头被称为“潜流结构”，它们还形成了水流缓慢的区域，为幼鱼提供了安全的庇护所——这一切都是为了emulate自然溪流的特征)”可知，这些结构和设计都是为了模仿天然溪流的特征，所以“emulate”意思是“模仿”，与“copy”意思相近。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据第四段中“But even though the number of individuals was high, the biodiversity was relatively low. (但是，尽管个体数量很高，生物多样性却相对较低)”以及“So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. (于是，她的团队尝试了另一项开创性的举措：向经过改造的潜流带接种微生物，这些微生物迅速在这些区域大量繁殖)”可知，对桑顿溪进行微生物接种后，微生物数量迅速增加，但生物多样性相对较低。所以可以推断出微生物接种增加了微生物的总量。故选C。 26．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Teamed with engineer Mike Hrachovec, Lynch redesigned Thornton Creek. They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. (林奇与工程师迈克・赫拉乔韦茨合作，重新设计了桑顿溪。他们颇有策略地将原木以精确的角度放入水中，打造出微型瀑布和近乎静止的水洼，产生水压，迫使水流进入潜流带)”以及第四段中“So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. (于是，她的团队尝试了另一项开创性的举措：向经过改造的潜流带接种微生物，这些微生物迅速在这些区域大量繁殖)”可知，林奇的修复项目既包括对溪流的物理重新设计，如放置原木和岩石来制造“潜流结构”，又包括生物干预，如对潜流带进行微生物接种，将两者结合起来，由此推知，林奇的修复项目将物理重新设计与生物干预相结合。故选D。 27．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段中“During a conference, biologist Katherine Lynch proposed rebuilding the creek’s missing “liver” damaged by urbanization. (在一次会议上，生物学家凯瑟琳・林奇提议重建这条因城市化而受损、缺失的溪流“肝脏”)”可知，文章主要讲述了生物学家Katherine Lynch为了恢复西雅图桑顿溪的生态系统，提出重建被城市化破坏的溪流“肝脏”——潜流带的建议，并通过与工程师合作进行了一系列修复工作，最终取得了成功，使奇努克鲑鱼回到了修复后的潜流带产卵。A选项“To Revive a River, Restore Its Liver (要恢复一条河，先恢复它的“肝脏”)”能够很好地概括文章主旨，既体现了修复的对象是河流，又突出了恢复潜流带这一关键内容，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 C Tara grew up in a remote mountain region of Idaho, where her family led an unconventional lifestyle, avoiding modern society. Formal education was frowned upon, and Tara spent her childhood working alongside her parents mixing herbs with her mother and helping her father in his scrapyard(废料场). Books were rare in their home, and Tara's learning was limited to what her parents chose to teach. As Tara grew older, she became aware of the world beyond her family's isolated home. Her curiosity about education deepened. At the age of 16, she decided to change her life and pursue formal learning, a decision that created tension within her family. With no formal schooling, Tara taught herself basic subjects, often studying late into the night. When she finally gained admission to college, she faced enormous challenges: she struggled to keep up with classmates and often doubted her ability to succeed. College life was not easy. With no formal schooling background, she had to teach herself everything from basic math to history, it was a journey filled with obstacles and moments of self-doubt, The idea of sitting in a college classroom seemed almost impossible. Yet, she persevered, driven by a desire to understand and grow. Entering college, Tara faced not only academic challenges but deep-seated fears from her upbringing. Every classroom discussion seemed overwhelming, every historical fact she hadn’t learned made her feel out of place. But Tara found teachers who believed in her potential. They guided her, and she started to see herself as more than her past. Over time, Tara's endurance paid off. She earned a doctorate at Cambridge, transforming her life and redefining what was possible. Looking back, Tara realized her journey was not just about gaining knowledge it was about facing challenges bravely and having the courage to redefine who she really was. 28．What prevented Tara from formal education during her childhood? A．Her young age. B．Her lack of interest. C．Her parents’ attitude. D．Her heavy workload. 29．What motivated Tara to seek an education? A．Pressure from her life. B．Desire for knowledge. C．Tension within her family. D．Encouragement from her parents. 30．What challenge did Tara face when she started college? A．She struggled with making friends. B．She had never attended school before. C．She had difficulty adjusting to the urban environment. D．She faced financial difficulties in paying for college tuition. 31．What can be learned from Tara's story? A．Family support guarantees success. B．Pursuing education is easy for everyone C．Isolation helps individuals achieve their goals. D．Overcoming difficulties leads to personal growth. 【答案】28．C 29．B 30．B 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tara成长于爱达荷州偏远山区，在父母反对正规教育的环境下度过童年。长大后她出于对知识的渴望决定追求教育，凭借自学进入大学，克服了没有正规学校教育背景等诸多困难，最终在剑桥获得博士学位，实现了自我成长和蜕变的故事。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Formal education was frowned upon, and Tara spent her childhood working alongside her parents mixing herbs with her mother and helping her father in his scrapyard (废料场). Books were rare in their home, and Tara's learning was limited to what her parents chose to teach.(正规教育不被认可，塔拉童年时期和父母一起劳作，和母亲一起调配草药，在父亲的废料场帮忙。他们家很少有书，塔拉的学习仅限于父母选择教给她的东西)”可推知，她父母对正规教育的态度阻碍了塔拉在童年时期接受正规教育。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段“As Tara grew older, she became aware of the world beyond her family's isolated home. Her curiosity about education deepened.At the age of 16, she decided to change her life and pursue formal learning(随着塔拉逐渐长大，她意识到了自家与世隔绝的家之外的世界。她对教育的好奇心愈发强烈。16岁时，她决定改变自己的生活，追求正规教育)”可知，对知识的渴望促使塔拉去寻求教育。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段“With no formal schooling background, she had to teach herself everything from basic math to history, it was a journey filled with obstacles and moments of self-doubt, The idea of sitting in a college classroom seemed almost impossible.(由于没有正规的学校教育背景，她不得不自学从基础数学到历史的所有知识，这是一段充满障碍和自我怀疑的历程，坐在大学教室里的想法似乎几乎是不可能的)”可知，塔拉刚上大学时面临的挑战是她以前从未接受过学校教育。故选B。 31．推理判断题。文章讲述了塔拉克服重重困难，包括父母不支持正规教育、自身没有学校教育背景等，最终取得成功的故事。根据最后一段“Looking back, Tara realized her journey was not just about gaining knowledge it was about facing challenges bravely and having the courage to redefine who she really was.(回首往事，塔拉意识到她的这段经历不仅仅是关于获取知识，更是关于勇敢面对挑战，并有勇气重新定义真正的自己)”可推知，从塔拉的故事中我们能学到克服困难会带来个人成长。故选D。 D Memories are funny, aren’t they? You can be going along, minding your business, and then, all of a sudden, a memory pops into your head. Sometimes memories are triggered (触发) by a song that reminds you of the setting where you first heard it. Or it may be a smell that makes you think of a delicious meal with your friends or family. Perhaps hearing kids arguing makes you remember an unhappy situation with childhood friends. These spontaneous (自发的) memories can be “sweet,” or they might be “sour.” Did you ever wonder what’s going on in your brain that makes your memories produce positive or negative emotions? Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biologica Studies in California have made a discovery that could help to uncover this secret. The explanation is a bit technical (for those of us who are not brain scientists), but basically it all focuses on a single molecule (分子) called neurotensin (神经降压素). Our surrounding environment is constantly presenting our brain with stimuli (刺激). The molecule neurotensin acts as a key indicator of whether an experience is labeled as positive or negative, depending on the nature of the stimuli. Our brain subsequently associates similar stimuli with the pleasant or painful memory that we experienced. The study by the Salk Institute was published in the journal Nature. The focus of their experiments was the brain circuitry of laboratory mice. After a sound was played, the mice received either a pleasant swallow of sugary water or, an unpleasant electrical shock or puff of air. The researchers discovered that neurotensin was the signal that associated the sound with reward or with punishment When the gene (基因) that regulates neurotensin was removed from the mice’s brains, they had more difficulty connecting the sound with the sugary water. However, the negative responses were enhanced. Understanding how neurons in the brain respond to neurotensin could have influences on one’s mental health. Addictions may be caused by overly high levels of neurotensin (connected with positive rewards). On the other hand, depression and anxiety can result when decreased levels of neurotensin allow negative responses to dominate. Thus, regulating neurotensin could help to maintain mental stability. One other thing: The research study showed that the brain may tend to be a pessimist, focusing on fearful memories that cause negative emotional responses. Perhaps insights into neurotensin will help us have fewer sour memories and more sweet ones. 32．What is the function of neurotensin? A．To provide our brain with stimuli. B．To indicate the category of an experience. C．To focus on the surrounding environment. D．To associate the stimuli with our memory. 33．What can we learn from the passage? A．Addictions and anxiety may be related to different levels of neurotensin. B．The mice were given both sugary water and an electrical shock after hearing a sound. C．As the gene which controls neurotensin disappeared, the negative responses decreased. D．The brain prefers connecting with fearful memories which produce unexpected emotions. 34．What is the passage mainly about? A．What happens in our brain to form our memory. B．What the discovery of memory can do for mental health. C．How brain connects our memory with different emotions. D．How we regulate neurotensin to make us have good emotions. 【答案】32．B 33．A 34．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是大脑是如何通过神经降压素使我们产生积极或消极情绪的回忆。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段“The molecule neurotensin acts as a key indicator of whether an experience is labeled as positive or negative, depending on the nature of the stimuli.(神经降压素作为一个关键的指标，表明一个经验是被标记为积极的还是消极的，这取决于刺激的性质)”可知，神经降压素可以表明一个经验是积极的还是消极的。故选B。 33．推理判断题。根据第四段“Addictions may be caused by overly high levels of neurotensin (connected with positive rewards). On the other hand, depression and anxiety can result when decreased levels of neurotensin allow negative responses to dominate.(成瘾可能是由过量的神经降压素（与积极的奖励相关）引起的。另一方面，当神经降压素水平的下降导致负面反应占主导地位时，就会导致抑郁和焦虑)”可知，成瘾和焦虑情绪的产生都与神经降压素水平的高低有关。故选A。 34．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“Did you ever wonder what’s going on in your brain that makes your memories produce positive or negative emotions?(你有没有想过，在你的大脑里发生了什么，让你的记忆产生积极或消极的情绪？)”可知，本文主要讲述大脑是如何通过神经降压素使我们产生积极或消极情绪的回忆。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Much smaller in size than the diameter of an average human hair, nanoplastics are invisible to the naked eye. Linked to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in people, nanoplastics continue to build up, largely unnoticed, in the world’s bodies of water. 35 Therefore, at is urgent to develop better ways to remove nanoplastics from water. However the challenge remains to develop a cost-effective solution to get rid of nanoplastics while leaving clean water behind. 36 Recently, researchers created a cheap liquid-based solution that removes more than 98% of these microscopic plastic particles (颗粒) from water. The innovative method uses water-resistant solvents (溶剂) made from natural ingredients. It not only offers a practical solution to the pressing issue of nanoplastic pollution but also paves the way for further research and development in advanced water purification technologies. The strategy uses a small amount of designer solvent to absorb plastic particles from a large dume of water. 37 Once mixed with water and allowed to reseparate, the solvent floats back to the surface, carrying the nanoplastics within its molecular structure. Currently, the capacity of the solvent is not well understood. 38 Additionally, they will explore methods to recycle the solvent, enabling their reuse multiple times if necessary. 39 The solvents are made from safe, non-toxic components, and their ability to resist water prevents additional pollution of water sources, making them a highly sustainable solution. From a scientific perspective, creating effective removal methods fosters innovation in filtration technologies, provides insights into nanomaterial behavior, and supports the development of informed environmental policies. A．That’s where a new research comes in. B．The cost of producing the solvent is still too high. C．Previous methods failed to purify and recycle the small particles. D．Initially, the solvent sits on the water’s surface the way oil floats on water. E．In future work, researchers aim to determine the maximum capacity of the solvent. F．The new method offers multiple advantages that are both practical and scientifically significant. G．They can damage water ecosystems and enter the food chain, threatening wildlife and humans. 【答案】35．G 36．A 37．D 38．E 39．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纳米塑料的危害，开发有效去除水中纳米塑料方法的紧迫性，创新的去除纳米塑料的方法及其优势，包括溶剂的作用、未来研究方向等内容。 35．根据上文“Much smaller in size than the diameter of an average human hair, nanoplastics are invisible to the naked eye. Linked to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in people, nanoplastics continue to build up, largely unnoticed, in the world’s bodies of water. (纳米塑料的尺寸比人类平均头发的直径小得多，肉眼看不见。纳米塑料与人类的心血管和呼吸系统疾病有关，在世界水体中不断积累，很大程度上未被注意到。)”可知，本段讲述了纳米塑料的危害，结合空格所处的位置可推断，此空应继续阐述纳米塑料的危害。G选项 “They can damage water ecosystems and enter the food chain, threatening wildlife and humans. (它们会破坏水生态系统并进入食物链，威胁到野生动物和人类。)”说明了纳米塑料对生态系统和食物链的危害，承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。 36．根据上文“Therefore, at is urgent to develop better ways to remove nanoplastics from water. However the challenge remains to develop a cost-effective solution to get rid of nanoplastics while leaving clean water behind. (因此，迫切需要开发更好的方法来去除水中的纳米塑料。然而，挑战仍然是开发一种具有成本效益的解决方案，在留下干净的水的同时去除纳米塑料。)”以及下文的“Recently, researchers created a cheap liquid-based solution that removes more than 98% of these microscopic plastic particles (颗粒) from water.(最近，研究人员开发出一种低成本的液态解决方案，能够从水中清除超过98%的这些微观塑料颗粒。)”可知，挑战仍然是开发一种具有成本效益的解决方案，在留下干净的水的同时去除纳米塑料，由此可知，此空应引出关于去除水中纳米塑料的新研究，A选项“That’s where a new research comes in. (这就是一项新研究的切入点。)”引出下文关于新研究的内容，符合语境。故选A项。 37．根据上文“The strategy uses a small amount of designer solvent to absorb plastic particles from a large dume of water. (该策略使用少量的特制溶剂从大量水中吸收塑料颗粒。)” 以及下文的“Once mixed with water and allowed to reseparate, the solvent floats back to the surface, carrying the nanoplastics within its molecular structure.(一旦与水混合并允许重新分离，溶剂会携带纳米塑料回到水面，其分子结构中包裹着这些微粒。)”可知，此空应具体描述溶剂在水中的情况，D选项“Initially, the solvent sits on the water’s surface the way oil floats on water. (最初，溶剂像油漂浮在水上一样漂浮在水面上。)” 说明了溶剂在水面上的状态，承接上文，且与下文的内容吻合，符合语境。故选D项。 38．根据上文“Currently, the capacity of the solvent is not well understood. (目前，溶剂的容量还不太清楚。)”以及下文的“Additionally, they will explore methods to recycle the solvent, enabling their reuse multiple times if necessary.(此外，他们还将探索回收溶剂的方法，以便在必要时能够多次重复使用。)”可知，此空应阐述关于溶剂容量的研究方向，E选项 “In future work, researchers aim to determine the maximum capacity of the solvent. (在未来的工作中，研究人员旨在确定溶剂的最大容量。)”说明了未来对溶剂容量的研究目标，承接上文，且与下文讲述的内容一致，Additionally为关键词。故选E项。 39．根据下文“The solvents are made from safe, non-toxic components, and their ability to resist water prevents additional pollution of water sources, making them a highly sustainable solution. From a scientific perspective, creating effective removal methods fosters innovation in filtration technologies, provides insights into nanomaterial behavior, and supports the development of informed environmental policies. (这些溶剂由安全、无毒的成分制成，它们的防水能力可防止水源受到额外污染，使其成为一种高度可持续的解决方案。从科学的角度来看，创建有效的去除方法促进了过滤技术的创新，提供了对纳米材料行为的深入了解，并支持制定明智的环境政策。)”可知，此处讲述了这种新方法的好处，结合空格处于段首的特点可知，此空可能是本段的主题句，总结新方法的优势，F选项“The new method offers multiple advantages that are both practical and scientifically significant. (这种新方法具有多种优势，既实用又具有科学意义。)”概括了本段的主题，引出下文对新方法优势的具体描述。故选F项。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32 分) 第一节 (共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12 分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Good news for procrastinators (拖延者): There is a way to use procrastination to your advantage. Most procrastinators make the mistake of doing nothing at all. But when you use procrastination as motivation to get things done, you can avoid doing that one thing you really would rather not do and be quite productive. It’s what essayist John Perry calls “structured procrastination”. Let’s say, for example, you have a number of tasks you are avoiding, in order of urgency:1) Finishing an essay; 2) Responding to emails; 3) Cleaning and doing laundry. A non-procrastinator would accomplish these tasks in order of urgency. A procrastinator would avoid doing them altogether. But a structured procrastinator would do them in reverse (反向) — using his desire to avoid writing the essay as motivation to do cleaning and respond to emails. Since he can reprogram by working on other things that are still valuable, he is actually getting a lot done. College senior Jordan Gonen is what you might call a structured procrastinator. When he is overcome with fear of homework, he’ll preoccupy himself with what he calls “quick wins”—sending emails and writing articles for his blog. “It’s still procrastinating my homework, but instead of doing nothing in the meantime, I’m still getting a lot done,” Gonen says. Once he gets through these tasks, Gonen can more easily get into the mindset of tackling his homework. “A lot of these smaller tasks aren’t particularly fun or productive, but if you can really knock them out really quickly over a certain period of time, then you can get a lot more done and it doesn’t feel necessarily worse — you’ re just working 100 percent on whatever you’ re working on,” Gonen says. 40．What is “structured procrastination”? 41．How would structured procrastinators handle a number of tasks they are avoiding? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Gonen gets through his smaller tasks first because they are fun and productive. 43．Would you use structured procrastination in your daily life? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) 【答案】 40．Using procrastination as motivation to get things done. 41．They would reprogram by working on other things that are still valuable. 42．Gonen gets through his smaller tasks first because they are fun and productive. Because they can help Gonen get into the mindset of tackling his homework. 43．Yes, I’d use structured procrastination. By tackling smaller, valuable tasks first (like emails), I’d build momentum and avoid anxiety. This way, I’d still achieve progress while postponing tough work, striking a balance between productivity and mental ease. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何利用拖延症提高效率的方法。 40．考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Good news for procrastinators (拖延者): There is a way to use procrastination to your advantage. Most procrastinators make the mistake of doing nothing at all. But when you use procrastination as motivation to get things done, you can avoid doing that one thing you really would rather not do and be quite productive. It’s what essayist John Perry calls “structured procrastination”. (对于拖延者来说，有个好消息：有一种方法可以让拖延为你所用。大多数拖延者都犯了什么都不做的错误。但当你把拖延当作完成任务的动力时，你可以避开那件你真的不想做的事情，并且还能保持相当高的效率。这就是散文家约翰・佩里所说的“结构化拖延”。)”可知，“结构化拖延”是指把拖延当作完成事情的动力。故答案为Using procrastination as motivation to get things done. 41．考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“But a structured procrastinator would do them in reverse (反向) — using his desire to avoid writing the essay as motivation to do cleaning and respond to emails. Since he can reprogram by working on other things that are still valuable, he is actually getting a lot done. (但一个有规划的拖延者会反向做这些事——利用他避免写论文的欲望作为动力去做清洁和回复邮件。因为他可以通过做其他有价值的事情来重新安排自己的时间，所以他实际上做了很多事情。)”可知，有规划的拖延者会通过处理其他仍然有价值的事情来重新规划。故答案为They would reprogram by working on other things that are still valuable. 42．考查细节理解。由文章最后一段中““A lot of these smaller tasks aren’t particularly fun or productive, but if you can really knock them out really quickly over a certain period of time, then you can get a lot more done and it doesn’t feel necessarily worse — you’ re just working 100 percent on whatever you’ re working on,” Gonen says. (Gonen说：“很多这样的小任务并不是特别有趣或高效，但如果你能在一定时间内迅速完成它们，那么你就能完成更多的事情，而且感觉也不一定更糟——你只是全身心地投入到正在做的事情中。”)”可知，Gonen先完成这些较小的任务，并不是因为它们有趣且富有成效，而是因为快速完成这些任务后可以完成更多的事情。所以“Gonen gets through his smaller tasks first because they are fun and productive.”这句话中“because they are fun and productive”部分错误。故答案为Gonen gets through his smaller tasks first because they are fun 43 productive.Because they can help Gonen get into the mindset of tackling his homework. 38．开放性题目。此题要求回答：你会在日常生活中使用结构化拖延吗？为什么或为什么不呢？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：是的，我会采用结构化拖延法。通过先处理一些较小且有价值的任务（比如回复电子邮件），我能够积攒动力，并且避免焦虑。这样一来，在推迟处理棘手工作的同时，我仍能取得进展，在工作效率和内心轻松之间达成平衡。故答案为Yes, I’d use structured procrastination. By tackling smaller, valuable tasks first (like emails), I’d build momentum and avoid anxiety. This way, I’d still achieve progress while postponing tough work, striking a balance between productivity and mental ease. 第二节 (20分) 假如你是红星中学龙舟队队长李华。龙舟队近期将参加比赛，请用英文写一封邮件告知你的队友Jim，内容包括： 1.比赛信息； 2.赛前准备。 注意: 1. 词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim,         I’m writing to inform you about our upcoming dragon boat race and our preparations for it.         The race is scheduled to take place on the 15th of next month at the City Sports Center. We’ll be competing against several other teams from local schools. In terms of preparations, we’ve been practicing rigorously every day after school, focusing on improving our rowing techniques and team coordination. We’ve also been doing strength training to ensure we’re in top physical condition. It’s crucial that we all stay committed and dedicated to our training if we want to come out on top. Looking forward to your early reply.                                                                                                                             Yours,                                                                                                                            Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英文写一封邮件告知你的队友Jim龙舟队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：1.比赛信息；2.赛前准备。 【详解】1.词汇积累 即将到来的：upcoming→forthcoming 严格地：rigorously→grimly 确保：ensure→guarantee 至关重要的：crucial→critical 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In terms of preparations, we’ve been practicing rigorously every day after school, focusing on improving our rowing techniques and team coordination. 拓展句：In terms of preparations, we’ve been practicing rigorously every day after school, which focuses on improving our rowing techniques and team coordination. 【点睛】[高分句型1] We’ve also been doing strength training to ensure we’re in top physical condition. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that) [高分句型2] It’s crucial that we all stay committed and dedicated to our training if we want to come out on top. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句和if引导的条件状语从句) 试卷第20页，共20页 试卷第19页，共20页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$