2025届高考英语语法填空考前冲刺(二)

（一）

The dream of the     1     (seventeen) century alchemists has been realized by physicists at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), who have turned lead into gold — albeit for only a fraction of a second and at tremendous cost.

The not-so-mysterious transmutation     2    (happen) at CERN, Europe’s particle-physics laboratory, near Geneva, Switzerland,     3     the multi-billion-dollar LHC damages together ions of lead for a portion of each experimental run. Early chemists eagered    4    (turn) abundant lead into precious gold. But differences in proton number     5     the elements (82 for lead and 79 for gold) made that    6     (possible) by chemical means.

CERN researchers achieved the feat by aiming beams of lead at each other,   7      (travel)at close to the speed of light. The ions    8     (occasion) glance past each other, rather than hit head on. The experiment filtered out these instances of transmutation from the wider collision debris. In an analysis   9    (publish) on 7 May in Physical Review Journals, the team calculated that between 2015 and 2018, collisions at the LHC created 86 billion gold nuclei CERN researchers have no plans to take up gold-making as a side hustle,    10     say that better understanding how photons can change nuclei will help them to improve the LHC’s performance.

（二）

     Did you make any    1    (resolve)this new year? If you did, are you keeping to them? Well done if you are. Polling in America suggests half of new-year resolvers give up by the end of March. More rigorous scientific studies confirm, regardless     2    when you start, that it takes months for a new behaviour to stick.  

        3    (habit) behaviour emerges in response to dopamine, a chemical    4   (associate) with pleasure, being produced as a consequence of a certain action.Two brain systems are involved. One, in the basal ganglia (a set of structures deep in the brain’s interior), responds     5    (automatic) and predictably to certain stimuli.         For example, your morning alarm is     6     stimulus that activates your “getting up” habit. The other brain system,     7     is goal-directed, is located in the cortex, that organ’s outer layer. Its dopamine reward comes from a deliberate action being successfully performed.  

     For one-off modifications of habits, this     8    (arrange)of routine and override works well. But permanent changes, such as     9     breaking an old habit or making a new one, require, respectively, weakening the stimulus-driven system to reduce the pertinence of old stimuli and      10   (strengthen) the goal-directed one to increase that of new ones.  

（三）

    Many of the TikTok videos claim that green tea    1   (boost) the production of GLP-1, a gut hormone that prompts the pancreas to release insulin after a meal. That insulin, in turn, lowers blood sugar. GLP-1 also slows down the rate at    2   food leaves the stomach, and it affects areas of the brain that regulate hunger. Some researchers have theorized that green tea might stimulate GLP-1, in part because studies have found green tea extract can     3    (low) blood sugar in diabetic mice.     4    there have been only a few small studies in humans, and the results are inconclusive. One of the few clinical     5    (trial) on the subject, which looked at 92 people with Type 2 diabetes, suggested there     6    not a notable difference in GLP-1 production between people who took green tea extract and those who took a placebo pill.   

      Many of the claims about green tea and weight loss mention two components of the drink: caffeine and antioxidants. Caffeine might, in theory,     7    (slight) speed up someone’s metabolism. But it is     8   (likely) that effect would translate directly into substantial weight loss, Dr. Ghosh said.   

    Green tea also contains compounds     9    (call) polyphenols, antioxidants that can help protect cells from damage and reduce inflammation. Studies in animals and in human cells have suggested these compounds could improve metabolism ,     10   (reduce) fat absorption from the gut. But trials in humans have had mixed results.   

（四）

     A new study by researchers at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health reveals that climate change may    1   (significance) impact arsenic levels in paddy rice, a staple food for millions across Asia. The research indicates that increased temperatures above 2°C,    2   (combine) with rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, result    3    higher concentrations of inorganic arsenic in rice, potentially increasing lifetime health risks for populations in Asia by 2050.   

      “Our    4   (consequence) suggest that this increase in arsenic levels could elevate the incidence of heart disease, diabetes, and other non-cancer health effects,” said Lewis Ziska, a professor of Environmental Health Sciences. “ Rice is a dietary staple in many parts of the world.       5     , these changes could lead to                   6   substantial rise in the globeal burden of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and other arsenic-related health issues.”   

       From a health perspective, the toxicological effects of chronic arsenic exposure    7   (establish) well and include cancers of the lung, bladder, and skin, as well as ischemic heart disease.     

     By measuring the effects of rising temperatures and CO2 on 28 rice strains over