Unit 4 Exploring literature Modal verbs课件-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版（2019）必修第二册1

Unit 4 Exploring literature Grammar and Usage II Modal verbs 常见的情态动词 Modal verbs 4 4 3 ​ Review 指出下列句中appeal的含义 The old man, who appealed against his son’s sentence, made an appeal to the public for help, which appealed to many warm-hearted people. v.上诉，申诉 n. 呼吁，恳求 v. 有吸引力 determine vt. 确定；支配；决心vi.决心 ~ sth /~ to do sth / ~ on sth/ ~ that ... Your attitude determines everything. 态度决定了一切。 He determined to make more efforts to improve his maths. 他决心更加努力提高他的数学水平。 They determined to start early. They determined on an early start. 他们决定早点出发。 拓展 determined adj. 决心，决定 be determined to do sth determination u.n. 决心；坚定；决定 She was determined to solve the problem by herself. 她决心自己解决这个问题。 He fought the illness with courage and determination. 他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。 Practise: 1)Many students have big dreams but lack necessary _____________(determine). 2)It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that _______________(determine) your success. 3)I am determined _________(go) all out to live up to my parents’ expectations. 4)He is a young man with great _________________. He ______________ to go to a big city after graduation. ______________never to come back before he could make a fortune, he left home without saying a word. determiation determine to go determination determined Determined significant a.有重要意义的，显著的 significantly adv. 有重大意义地；显著地；明显地 significance n. 重要性，意义 His work has shown a significant improvement. 他的工作有了显著改进。 It is significant that girls generally do better in examinations than boys. 很明显，女生考试成绩一般比男生的好。 Health problems can be significantly reduced by careful diets. 注意饮食可以大大减少健康方面的问题。 The discovery of the new drug is of great significance to people suffering from heart problems. 这种新药的发现对心脏病患者来说有重要意义。 Practise: 1)The scientist attached much _______________ (significant) to this project. 2)The drug seemed to have a very___________(显著的) effect ______this disease. 3)Profits have increased ______________(significant) over the past few years. 4)This is a _________________(high, significance) discovery. significance significant on highly significant significantly 表示可能性（推测） may、might 表示义务或建议 should、ought to 表示习惯性动作 will、would、used to 表示意愿 will、would 表示请求 will、would 表示建议或征求意见 表示承诺或要求 表示规定 shall, 疑问句中 shall, 陈述句中 shall, 用于正式文件、法律、规章制度中 复 习 回 顾 ： 复 习 回 顾 表示能力 表示必要性 表示许可 表示可能性（推测） can、could must、need、have to can、could、may、might can、could、must 　情态动词基本语法功能: 用法 请求/许可 可能/推测 义务/职责 意图/打算 意愿/愿意 意志/决心 才能/能力 can/could √ √ √ may/might √ √ shall/should √ √ √ √ √ √ will/would √ √ √ √ √ must √ √ ought to √ √ 情态动词+have done的用法归纳 构成 意义 may/might have done “可能已经做了某事” “一定做过某事” “本应该做某事却没做” “本不应该做某事，却做了” “本不必做某事, 却做了” “过去本来能够做某事，却没做” “过去不可能做某事” must have done should/ought to have done shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done needn’t have done could have done can’t/couldn’t have done Review Applying the rules P49 B1 For the following groups of three sentences, tick the sentence which uses the modal verb differently from the other two. a Can I keep the book for more than two weeks? b Nick can read more in an afternoon than I can in a week! c Can Mary finish War and Peace in a month? a I am afraid I may be unable to finish this novel today. b It may be difficult for people to agree on what good literature is. c You may go to the library tomorrow afternoon, if you have time. √ √ request ability ability possibility possibility suggestion Applying the rules B1 For the following groups of three sentences, tick the sentence which uses the modal verb differently from the other two. a I must finish writing the book review and hand it in before Wednesday. b You must be tired after three hours’ reading. c Students must develop the habit of reading classic literature. a Henry should be reading books in the library. b I have fifty dollars—that should be enough for three books. c Reading English novels has greatly increased my vocabulary — you should try it too. √ √ necessity possibility necessity possibility possibility suggestion B2 Below is an entry in a student’s reading journal. Complete the entry with the correct model verbs in brackets. When my English teacher suggested that I read Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol, I thought, “I (1) (can’t/shouldn’t) read this! It (2) (has to/must) be very boring.” Surprisingly, it turned out the exact opposite. I (3) (could/might) not stop turning the pages! The book’s main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man. He hates all kinds of celebrations. On Christmas eve, he is transported to different points in his life by three spirits. In the end, he reflects on these moments and realizes his mistakes. Then he decides that he (4) (might/must) change himself. On Christmas morning, he sends a large turkey to a poor man for Christmas dinner. He also tries to make his family and friends happy by spending time with them. can’t must could must B2 Below is an entry in a student’s reading journal. Complete the entry with the correct model verbs in brackets. There is something that (5) (can/must) be learnt from A Christmas Carol: we (6) (should/may) treat others with kindness, generosity and love. I think everyone (7) (would/ought to) read this book. can should ought to C Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets, using the proper modal verbs. P76 1.— What’s the weather like in your hometown? Is it cold in winter? — Yes, it (be) as cold as -30℃ in winter. 2. — I want to invite Tom to see a film tonight. Has he arrived yet? — Yes, he just arrived. But after four hours’ ride, he ______________ (be) tired now and he (prefer) to stay in tonight. 3. — Is Betty still playing the piano? — Yes. I asked her to stop and take a rest, but she______________ (not listen). can be must/may/might be wouldn’t listen may/might prefer C Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets, using the proper modal verbs. P76 4.—What does the rule say about using the reading room? — No one (talk) loudly. 5.— Your car looks great. It (cost) you a lot of money. — Yes, it’s quite expensive. 6.— How long can I keep the book? — The books that students borrow (return) to the library within two weeks. shall/should talk must have cost must/shall be returned 【Modal verbs in NMET 高考中的情态动词】 （2022全国甲卷）In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. （2022全国乙卷）The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. （2022新高考I卷)Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. （2023全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _____________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. （2023浙江1月卷）People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should _______________ (place) on longevity (长寿). be placed be chosen Applying the rules （P 49） B1 For the following groups of three sentences, tick the sentence which uses the modal verb differently from the other two. a Can I keep the book for more than two weeks? b Nick can read more in an afternoon than I can in a week! c Can Mary finish War and Peace in a month? a I am afraid I may be unable to finish this novel today. b It may be difficult for people to agree on what good literature is. c You may go to the library tomorrow afternoon, if you have time. √ √ request ability ability possibility possibility suggestion Applying the rules B1 For the following groups of three sentences, tick the sentence which uses the modal verb differently from the other two. a I must finish writing the book review and hand it in before Wednesday. b You must be tired after three hours’ reading. c Students must develop the habit of reading classic literature. a Henry should be reading books in the library. b I have fifty dollars—that should be enough for three books. c Reading English novels has greatly increased my vocabulary — you should try it too. √ √ necessity possibility necessity possibility possibility suggestion B2 Below is an entry in a student’s reading journal. Complete the entry with the correct model verbs in brackets. When my English teacher suggested that I read Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol, I thought, “I (1) (can’t/shouldn’t) read this! It (2) (has to/must) be very boring.” Surprisingly, it turned out the exact opposite. I (3) (could/might) not stop turning the pages! The book’s main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man. He hates all kinds of celebrations. On Christmas eve, he is transported to different points in his life by three spirits. In the end, he reflects on these moments and realizes his mistakes. Then he decides that he (4) (might/must) change himself. On Christmas morning, he sends a large turkey to a poor man for Christmas dinner. He also tries to make his family and friends happy by spending time with them. can’t must could must B2 Below is an entry in a student’s reading journal. Complete the entry with the correct model verbs in brackets. There is something that (5) (can/must) be learnt from A Christmas Carol: we (6) (should/may) treat others with kindness, generosity and love. I think everyone (7) (would/ought to) read this book. can should ought to C Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets, using the proper modal verbs. P76 1.— What’s the weather like in your hometown? Is it cold in winter? — Yes, it (be) as cold as -30℃ in winter. 2. — I want to invite Tom to see a film tonight. Has he arrived yet? — Yes, he just arrived. But after four hours’ ride, he ______________ (be) tired now and he (prefer) to stay in tonight. 3. — Is Betty still playing the piano? — Yes. I asked her to stop and take a rest, but she______________ (not listen). can be must/may/might be wouldn’t listen may/might prefer C Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets, using the proper modal verbs. P76 4.—What does the rule say about using the reading room? — No one (talk) loudly. 5.— Your car looks great. It (cost) you a lot of money. — Yes, it’s quite expensive. 6.— How long can I keep the book? — The books that students borrow (return) to the library within two weeks. shall/should talk must have cost must/shall be returned Homework Finish the additional exercises. $$