阅读理解词义猜测 课件-2025届高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

Learning objectives After this class, you’re expected to... 1. master problem-solving skills 2. master some new words and language points 3. learn five strategies of guessing the meanings of words or phrases 4. apply these strategies in news reading 题型 考查频率 错题统计 考查重点&目的 词义猜测题 1 28 (26人;C/D) 猜测词义的能力; 准确理解文章内容的能力。 细节理解题 6 22 (17人;B) 推理判断题 6 27 (16人;D), 30 (21人;B) 主旨大意题 2 31 (19人;C), 35 (19人;D) Error statistics 2 I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 27. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix plantig, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. 28. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Running out of. B. Keeping away from. C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage of. Group work I’ve been trying out these strategies and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.” 27. What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A. Costly. B. Complex. C. Workable. D. Contradictory. Sharing v. 被突然明白；豁然开朗 A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix plantig, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and power tools, it’s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. 28. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A. Running out of. B. Keeping away from. C. Putting up with. D. Taking advantage of. Sharing v. （有意地）避开，回避，避免 二轮复习 阅读理解之词义猜测 6 2022-2024高考阅读理解考点统计 卷别 细节理解题 猜测词义题 推理判断题 主旨大意题 2024新课标I卷 9 1 4 1 2024新课标II卷 9 1 4 1 2023新课标I卷 6 1 7 1 2023新课标II卷 6 1 7 1 2022新课标I卷 8 2 4 1 2022新课标II卷 8 2 4 1 2024全国甲卷 7 1 6 1 2023全国甲卷 8 1 5 1 2023全国乙卷 5 1 8 1 2022全国甲卷 8 1 3 3 2022全国乙卷 10 1 3 1 考情分析 32. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 mean? (2024新课标II卷) 26. Which best explains the phrase “take...up a notch” in paragraph 3? (2024全国甲卷) 28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? (2024新课标I卷) 30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean? (2023新课标I卷) 24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? (2023新课标II卷) 设问方式 29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? (2023新课标I卷) 24. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? (2024浙江1月卷) 28. What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? (2025浙江1月卷) 生词型、短语型、代词型。 设问方式 以疑问词what/which开头,涉及三种形式： Context 语境法 Word formation 构词法 Explanation 解释说明法 Logical relation 逻辑关系法 Proximity 解题策略：四法一原则 就近原则 一、语境法 Context 根据上下文语境暗示，利用逻辑推理，猜测生词含义。 (2021新高考I卷) Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter(29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey(调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket(安全保障) — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. 25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit. B. Argue. C. Remember. D. Remark. 链接高考 (2024济南模拟)Mohanpura Colony, what greeted him were a handful of students and four poorly lit classrooms. “The school was in a deplorable state. There was no water connection, and the walls were dark and boring,” 24.What does the underlined word “deplorable” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Almost acceptable B. Very bad. C. Relatively natural D. Really dangerous. 实战演练 ⚠ Tips 派生法 前缀、后缀： dislike, rewrite, inexpensive, singer, careless, ... 合成法 依据合成词组成新词如： blackboard, highway, housekeeper, ... 转换法 名词转换为形容词： comfortable, national, excited, active, curious, ... 动词转换为名词： encoragement, expression, expectation, ... 形容词转换为副词：curiously, happily, ... 二、构词法 Word formation (2016全国Ⅱ卷) Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.” 26. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden. 链接高考 down (向下) + side (方面) = downside 缺点；不利方面 draw (拖；拉) + back (后面) = drawback 缺点 (2022武汉模拟) If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 26. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph? A. A dessert. B. A drink C. A container D. A machine. 实战演练 后缀-er/-or 表示人时用于描述做某事的人；表示物时指具有某种功能的物品。 并列 coordination along with, that is to say, as well as, alternatively... 因果 cause & effect because, so, thus, as a result(of), so/such...that, result in/from... 转折 contrast but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead(of), rather than,unfortunately...on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast... 三、 逻辑关系法 Logical relation (2021新高考I卷) Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. 29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph? A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute. 链接高考 转折关系 (2025辽宁模拟)Morris’s research was eventually published in 1953, and his work had consequences both big and small. Morris now took up exercise, handing his jacket to his daughter and just running. “People initially thought I went bananas.” But slowly, the rest of the world took off its jacket and followed. 34.What’s the meaning of “went bananas” in the last paragraph? A. Falling ill. B. Saving energy. C. Starting running. D. Becoming crazy. 实战演练 转折关系 四、解释说明法 Explanation 即用上下文的定义、同位语或定语从句或例子来猜测词义；_________________________ ________________________________________ _______等词汇后面的内容是对前面内容的解 释说明，另外破折号、冒号等标点也能帮助定 位解释句来推断词义。 举例用语：______________________________ _____________等后的内容也有助猜测。 mean, represent, refer to, be defined as, that is, be called, namely, in other words for instance, for example, such as, like, including (2018全国卷l)...all have caused many languages to disappear and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.(接管，控制) 31.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragrapg 2? A. complex B. advanced C. powerful D. modern 链接高考 (2024湖南模拟) Cartoon characters have morphed, too. For instance, Mickey Mouse’s arms, legs and nose have become smaller since 1928, while his head and eyes have become larger. 33. Which of the following can replace the word “morphed” underlined in paragraph 3? A. Mattered B. Existed C. Changed D. Survived 实战演练 Li Ziqi, one of China's most popular influencers, made a surprising comeback on Tuesday afternoon after she stopped posting videos for more than three years. Liosting online with two new videos showing how she transformed a shed into a woodland cloakroom and making wardrobe doors using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware techniques （漆器）across social media platforms, including Douyin, Sina Weibo and Xiaohongshu. 五、代词：就近原则 proximity 代词指代题的基本考点为是单数还是复数，指人还是指物，利用就近原则解题，选择合适的名词。 常考代词：it, this, that, one, something, they, them, those等。 (2022新高考II卷) “We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.” 30. What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 链接高考 (2023全国甲卷) Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. 26. Which best explains the phrase “take... up a notch” in paragraph 3? A. Perform appropriately. B. Move faster. C. Act strangely. D. Do better. 链接高考 Apply these strategies in news reading. Group work News 1 China’s Spring Festival inscribed as UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. A powerful and efficient AI model developed by DeepSeek, a year-old Chinese startup, has demonstrated that it can nearly match the capabilities of its more established U.S. competitors like OpenAI’s GPT-4, Meta’s Llama, and Google’s Gemini while costing a fraction of what they spent. The company reports that it invested only 5.6 million dollars to develop its base AI model, R1, while its U.S. rivals have spent hundreds of millions, if not billions, on powering their AI technologies. News 2 News 3 Li Ziqi, one of China’s most popular influencers, made a surprising comeback on Tuesday afternoon after she stopped posting videos for more than three years. Li resumed posting online with two new videos showing how she transformed a shed into a woodland cloakroom and ... . The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on Wednesday inscribed Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional new year, on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. inscribe  v. 把……的姓名加入名单(或书本)中。 News 1 News 2 A powerful and efficient AI model developed by DeepSeek, a year-old Chinese startup, has demonstrated that it can nearly match the capabilities of its more established U.S. competitors like OpenAI’s GPT-4, Meta’s Llama, and Google’s Gemini while costing a fraction of what they spent. The company reports that it invested only 5.6 million dollars to develop its base AI model, R1, while its U.S. rivals have spent hundreds of millions, if not billions, on powering their AI technologies. n.初创公司 一小部分；一部分 n.竞争对手 04 Li Ziqi, one of China’s most popular influencers, made a surprising comeback on Tuesday afternoon after she stopped posting videos for more than three years. Li resumed posting online with two new videos showing how she transformed a shed into a woodland cloakroom and making wardrobe doors using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware techniques(漆器) across social media platforms, including Douyin, Sina Weibo and Xiaohongshu. n.网红 =restarted v.再次开始 News 3 Summary In this class, we have learned problem-solving skills five strategies of guessing the meanings of words or phrases some new words and language points By the end of the class, I have been able to： 1. Master some new words and language points. Yes  No 2. Master five strategies of guessing the meanings of words or phrases. Yes  No 3. Apply these strategies in news reading. Yes  No Self-evaluation Homework (1) Going back to work after a holiday can be tough. When the carefree fun ends, many people feel tired and unproductive as they return to their routine. Instead of feeling refreshed and excited after the break, what often follows is a sense of lassitude and even boredom at the thought of returning to your desk. Doctors refer to these negative feelings as post-holiday blues. (2) Spend 10,000 hours on one thing, and you will become proficient at it. But this thing is not as simple as it seems. You might spend 50 hours on it, and 90 per cent of people will quit because they don't like it or aren’t good at it. Spend another 50 hours, and another 90 per cent of people will drop out. It’s a continuous screening process. You must be lucky enough and also have enough passion to persevere. Homework (3) New research suggests that dancing could help alleviate the depression experienced by many people with Parkinson’s(帕金森) disease. This approach is accessible, inexpensive, drug-free, and often a lot of fun. There’s something truly magical about dancing. It makes people with Parkinson’s feel alive and joyful, proving to be an incredible source of relief. (4) A recently discovered asteroid, named 2024 Year 4, has a two per cent chance of hitting Earth in 2032. While those odds of an impact are slim, astronomers are closely tracking the space rock to uncover more details. Not much is known about 2024 Year 4, but the asteroid is estimated to be 40 to 90 meters wide, a “size range comparable to that of a large building.” $$