高中非谓语语法专题之过去分词 学案-2025届高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

非谓语语法专题之过去分词

一、课前回顾

1. 非谓语是什么？形式有哪些？

2.   以下v-ing 哪些是动名词？哪些是现在分词？

1. It’s no use _________ (spend) so much time on discussion such an unimportant matter.

2. The church was one of those fine old English structures and was worthy of  ________(visit).

3. This book is great and it is really worth __________ (read) a second time.

4. They don’t allow __________  loud here. That is to say, we are not allowed __________  loud here. (speak)

5. He sat on the bench, with one of his legs __________ (swing) from side to side.

6. __________ (see) from the top of a hill, we find the city very attractive.

7. __________ (be) ill for a long time, he needed time to recover.

8. When the man was walking by the river, he saw a boy __________ (struggle) in the water.

9. When it comes to __________  (practise) colour therapy, she is an expert.

10. The __________ (president) attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.

11. It’s very nice today. I feel like __________  (take) a walk for some fresh air.

12. __________  (interest) in great works of literature can encourage creativity.

13. I remember __________  (take) to the zoo by my mother when I was a child.

14.We should have the fire___________(burn) all the time.

15.I heard her___________(sing) an English song when I passed by.

 

小结：动名词起到____ 词的用途，在句子中可充当____ 语、____ 语、____ 语、____ 语____ 语等；而现在分词起到____ 词的用途，____ 能看出动作发生的时间，表示动作由发出者____，或 ____。 在句子中可充当____ 语、____ 语、____ 语等。

 

用现在分词改写，使其充当状语：

时间状语：When they heard the news, they got excited.

          While I was doing my homework, I received a message.

条件状语：If you work hard, you will make great progress.

          If you ride to school, you can make a difference to our environment.

作原因状语：Because he loves smoking, he hardly has friends.

       Because many students are interested in science, they decide to make up a science group.

让步状语： Although they were tired, they still went on working.

           Though I have many things in common with others, I have few friends.

伴随状语：Jimmy is sitting on the sofa and reading a newspaper.

结果状语: The new machine will work faster, and it will reduce our cost.

二、新知

1. 过去分词我们在哪里用过呢？
2. 过去分词在非谓语当中有哪些用途呢？

(1)过去分词作表语典型用法

要点精讲：过去分词作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，常位于be动词或remain, sound, feel等系动词之后； “get+过去分词”结构也是被动语态。

对比	用法	示例
现在分词 作表语	现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。	The present was surprising. I got surprised. 这个礼物是令人惊喜的，我被惊讶了。
过去分词 作表语	过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”，主语多为人。	The pupils will be more interested if they learn by themselves. 如果学生自学，他们更会感兴趣。

【即时训练】

1.The movie was so              (move) that all of us were              (move) to tears.

2.Please remain              (seat); the winner of the prize will be given soon.

3. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to get           (change) before the party.

4. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important to stay ______ (connect).

5. 翻译：Though he was a new man, he was used to the way of life here very soon.

         Tom sounds very interested in the job, but I'm not sure whether he can manage it.

 

 

(2)过去分词作定语典型用法

要点精讲2：过去分词作定语,逻辑主语是被修饰的名词或代词.单个分词常作前置定语，分词短语多作后置定语；过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已发生的动作。

 

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

23. From the dates         (mark) on the gold coin, we decided it was made five hundred years ago.

24. Can those         /          (sit/seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?

25. A team of scientists ______（lead）by a professor has found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.

26. The club, _________ (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.

27. The old lady was so kind that she adopted many ____________  (abandon) cats and dogs.

翻译：The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room.

（3）过去分词作宾语补足语典型用法

场合	用法	示例
观感使役类动词+sb+ done	1.巧记观感使役类动词--注意让麦克听听看看这块表有啥感觉(notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, watch, have, feel); 2.过去分词作宾语补足语，表示与宾语之间被动关系。	She couldn't make herself heard because of the traffic noise. 由于交通噪音太大，她无法让别人听到她的声音。 Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed. 在开车进城之前，你必须把车洗干净。
with+名词/代词+ done/doing	1.过去分词作宾语补足语表示一个被动的、已完成的动作； 2.对比：该结构中动词不定式表示将要发生的动作；现在分词表示一个主动动作；	With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.  在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。 She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see         (carry) out the next year.

2.She returned home, only to find the door open and a number of things            (go)

3. The program was so exciting that the children kept their eyes           (fix) on the screen.

4. He got his bad tooth ________ (pull) yesterday, for it had caused him too much pain.

5. When I came in, I found a strange girl ___________(seat) in the corner.

6. With the final exam __________ (come), all the students are revising their lessons.

7. He rushed into the room, with his face              (cover) with sweat.

8. With the difficult problem_________(solve), he threw himself in the sofa in relief.

9. The number of people using hanfu products in China will reach 6.89 million, with total sales ________ (expect) to reach 10.16 billion yuan.

10. With Mr. Smith              (teach) them English, they will be greatly improved next term in spoken English.

 

(4)“连词+过去分词”构成状语从句省略用法

对比	用法	示例
连词+现在分词	连接词+现在分词，表示与主语之间主动关系。	When (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。
连词+过去分词	连接词+过去分词表示与主语之间被动关系。	If (you are)accepted for this post, you will be informed within a week. 如果你被接受担任这个职务，将在一礼拜内给你通知。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. He stood up all of a sudden as if ____________ (say) to say something.

2. When first ____________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

3. No matter how many times      (perform), the works of Beethoven still attract all people .

4. When________(compare) cultures, we often focus on the differences without noticing the similarities.

5. When _______ (ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

（5）be+过去分词+介词”结构作状语典型用法