河南省光山县光辉学校2025届高三英语三轮复习周考测试卷

光辉学校周考测试卷

出题人：夏月月       审题人：党玉影          5月     日

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Stanford Pre-Orientation(入学前)Programs

Stanford offers the following pre-orientation programs to first-year and new transfer(转学) students. All programs will conclude before the first day of New Student Orientation (NSO).

International Student Orientation (ISO)

All new international students who are not US citizens or permanent residents are required to attend ISO as part of their transfer to Stanford.

• Registration: Due on June 7 for freshmen, and June 28 for transfers.

• Program Dates: September 14-17  

• Cost: No fee required

THRIVE Enrichment Program

THRIVE helps first-generation and low-income students adjust to Stanford by giving them an opportunity to engage with the "hidden curriculum" in an informal environment.

• Application: Submit the THRIVE application by June 28.

• Program Dates: September 10-16

•  Cost: Offered at no charge

Stanford Pre-Orientation Trips (SPOT)

SPOT provides outdoor experiences designed to develop Stanford identity, community, and personal growth through activity, self-reflection, and coaching.

• Registration: Register online between June 10 and June 18.            

Placement will be decided by a choosing process without any definite plan or pattern for all those who register by the deadline. The chosen participants will be informed within 1 -2 weeks after registration has closed.

• Program Dates: September 11-17

• Cost: $550

     Tips: New students are welcome to apply to more than one pre-orientation program. However, if selected, you can only attend one program given that there are same dates shared in the program arrangements as they all run in middle September, and you must choose which program to join in.

21. What is special about ISO?

A. It offers financial support.      B. It includes optional activities.

C. It's launched the earliest.        D. It's friendly to foreign students.

22. How does SPOT select its members?

A. By picking students at random.                                   B. By reviewing personal growth.

C. By comparing order of registration.                             D. By evaluating student identity.

23. Why does Stanford limit students to one program participation?

A. To ensure a fair chance.                                 C. To avoid schedule conflicts.      

B. To prioritize program quality.                       D. To allow sufficient time for NSO.

B

When young Kenyan amateur footballer Mutunkei scores one goal, he plants eleven trees —each representing one player on his team. He's addressing the nation's daily loss of an estimated 50 football fields' worth of forest area, hoping people can realize the severe situation and possible consequences. In his country, rising demands for wood to fuel industry and population growth continue to contribute to the uncontrolled harvesting of forests.

 Mutunkei started his journey as an environmentalist when he was five years old. To mark special occasions, his family planted trees. That helped him associate the growth of a tree with celebration. But it was the Green Belt Movement founded by late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai that filled Mutunkei with an urge to turn his family tradition into a larger movement. Maathai founded the organization in 1977, which has since assisted Kenyan communities in planting over 51 million trees.

Then in 2018, Mutunkei made it and started the initiative Trees4Goals to mobilize young athletes in his region to take up his commitment of planting trees every time they score. Now, he wants FIFA（国际足联)to use its audience of billions to take his impact globally. "Football is a universal game and climate change is a worldwide challenge." Mutunkei said. "It has the potential to connect, engage, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future."

Though Mutunkei hasn't yet received a direct response from FIFA, some big names in the football world have already acknowledged his efforts. After learning about him, Arsenal Football Club sent him a signed team shirt. These acknowledgments fuel his biggest dream of a world where football teams compare their victory not just by trophies (奖杯)，but by the size of the forests they've planted. "Unlike a trophy,"Mutunkei explained, “a tree grows alongside you."

24. Why does Mutunkei practise the one-goal-for-eleven-tree action?

A. To encourage teamwork in sports.              B. To advocate for green sports events.

C. To honor environmental milestones.           D. To raise awareness about deforestation.

25. What inspired Mutunkei to launch Trees4Goals?

A. His family tradition.                                     B. An environmental organization.  

C. A Nobel Prize winner.                                  D. His enthusiastic football partners.

26. What does Mutunkei consider football as?

A. The uniting power to bring change.             B. The quick solution to climate change.

C. A strong motivation to plant trees.               D. A tough step toward personal success.

27. What does Mutunkei expect football teams to do?

A. Gain official support from FIFA.               B. Mobilize members to protect forests.

C. Expand his initiative worldwide.                D. Measure their success by tree planting.

C

From long and winding flights to clever tool use, many bird behaviors are known to be spread socially, which scientists define as animal "culture". Now a study suggests it might affect another aspect, too. Scientists analyzed over 400 structures built by 43 different groups of sparrows(麻雀)in the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa, surprisingly finding that different gatherings of birds, even those living only a few meters from one another, built very different tube structures. The biggest difference was in "how short or long the structures are," says study lead author Maria C. Tello-Ramos. Sparrows live together, and the entire group labors together to build a nest from grass.

The group's dominant female lays eggs in the nest, which has a long, tube-like entrance. Individual birds rest nearby in the U-shaped places, which have both an entrance and an exit. Each group won't metamorphose their architectural style easily — and when outsiders joined, they adapted to this style." We see they maintain consistent nest-building traditions over time", says Tello-Ramos.

To examine the reason, the team analyzed factors that can determine a nest's size and shape for a given bird species: weather conditions, tree height, individuals' body size and genetic(基因的)relatedness. Yet none of these factors seemed to make a difference. “Then we say, ‘ Okay, so what is left?’ ”Tello-Ramos explains. She and her coworkers proposed that mutual(相互的) observing and learning among group members might be key to nest building. "In our paper, we haven't gotten there yet with experiments, but we have very good clues that that might be it," she says.

"These are important questions that are understudied," says Christina Riehl, a biologist at Princeton University. She's not convinced of the study's data, which she believes aren't enough to fully rule out genetic influence."The scientists can't actually look at effects of genetic differences, because they don't have really good genetic information on all the individuals in these groups," Riehl says.

28. What do scientists find about sparrows?

A. Female ones usually build nests.                     B. Each group has its unique nest structure.

C. They lead a group-based lifestyle.                   D. They have far from different social roles.

29. What does the word "metamorphose" underlined in paragraph 3 mean?