精品解析：福建省三明市五县联盟2024-2025学年高二下学期期中检测英语试题

2024-2025学年下学期五县联盟期中质量检测 高二英语 友情提示：1.本试卷12页。 2.考生将自己的姓名、准考证号及所有答案均填写在答题卷上。 3.答题要求见答题卷上的“注意事项”。 第一部分 听力 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man going to do this evening? A. Watch a movie. B. Play badminton. C. Work part-time. 2. Who is probably the man’s father? A. A lawyer. B. A doctor. C. A college teacher. 3. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A kind of folk art. B. A famous figure. C. A cooking video. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 5. Where is Dobson’s Bookstore? A. Across from a post office. B. Opposite Tatiana’s Cafe. C. Next to a cinema. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. Which of the following is mainly grown on the farm? A. Strawberries. B. Grapes. C. Peaches. 7. Why does the woman like the fruits on the farm? A. They are quite big. B. They are inexpensive. C. They are pollution-free. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How did the man get the coffee table? A. From a second-hand market. B. From a furniture store. C. From a garage sale. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Look at a floor lamp. B. Go to the bathroom. C. Drink some coffee. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the woman seek help from Mr.Smith? A. For a personal injury case. B For a contract dispute. C. For a property dispute. 11. What do we know about Mr.Smith? A. He provides free services. B. He charges by the hour. C. He has never lost a case. 12. What does Mr.Smith intend to do next? A. Prepare a draft of agency agreement. B. Get a description of the woman’s situation. C. Provide the woman with detailed bills. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How many languages have Quincy Troupe’s works been translated into? A. Around 12. B. About 21. C. More than 30. 14. What does Quincy Troupe say about his poem Essence Space After Leaving? A. It was written in Central Park. B. It is about Margaret. C. It was written after he married Margaret. 15. What made Quincy Troupe want to be a poet? A. His thought to combine art with music. B. His talent for languages. C. His wish to speak for himself. 16. Why does Quincy Troupe mention the poem by Caesar Vallejo? A. To introduce his favorite form of poetry. B. To explain time and space. C. To show the power of a good poem. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How many cities does the tour cover? A. Three. B. Five. C. Seven. 18. What can tourists do on the first day of the tour? A. Attend a ceremony in the hotel. B. Explore Xi’an with a local guide. C. Travel around Beijing by themselves. 19. What will tourists pass after visiting Tian’anmen Square? A. A temple. B. A bridge. C. A tower. 20. When will tourists leave for Shanghai? A. On the second day. B. On the fourth day. C. On the sixth day. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Throughout history, there have been sculptors prized for their willingness to push boundaries. Without their contributions, it would be difficult to imagine visual art as we now know it. Here are several pioneers. Gianlorenzo Bernini(1598-1680) As a master of materials, Italian artist Gianlorenzo Bernini is known for his astonishing ability to create movement and bring forth emotion with his work. In his masterpiece, Pluto and Perse, the rough and cold stone has been turned into flesh that looks so real and soft that you just want to reach out and touch it. Henry Moore(1898-1986) Known for his abstract public sculpture, British artist Henry Moore’s works most often focus on the theme of mother and child, who usually sit or lie in a relaxed way, with their bodies leaning backwards. Moore’s figures are often composed of multiple pieces, yet his clean lines allow viewers to effectively see the figures within the abstract form. Such features are very obvious in his master piece Mother and Child. Louise Bourgeois(1911-2010) Most well-known for her public art, French-American sculptor Louise Bourgeois rose to international fame in 1982 after the Museum of Modern Art held her first exhibit. By this time, she was already in her 70s. Drawing from her own life experience, her sculptures often explore themes of family and death. In her representative work, Maman, Bourgeois has used a spider to stand for her mother, who died when she was a child, to show her strength and protection over her family. 1. What can people feel from Pluto and Perse by Gianlorenzo Bernini? A. Stone-like hardness. B. Flesh-like softness. C. Astonishing mystery. D. Icy coldness. 2. Why did Louise Bourgeois use a spider in Maman? A. To symbolize her mother. B. To express her fear of spiders. C. To show her love for nature. D. To explore the theme of death. 3. What do the three artists have in common? A. They lived in Europe all their lives. B. They rose to fame for public sculptures. C. They explored the identical theme. D. They were known for artistic innovation. B Barbara Rieco, a woman with a firm desire to become an author, witnessed the realization of her long-prized dream this Christmas season. Her grandson, Chad Cooper, played a crucial role in making it happen. Though Rieco authored the children’s book More! More! More! as early as in 1972, the path to publication had been filled with rejections for four decades. Nevertheless, she kept trying to publish this book. The concept of abandoning her dream simply has never crossed Rieco’s mind. The story of More! More! More! focuses on Prissy Miss and her exploration of gratitude and the power of make-believe. It draws inspiration from Rieco’s early years in a middle-class Philadelphia family and her later experiences at Project Head Start, where she was deeply touched by the sight of poverty and her desire to assist those in need grew. Cooper, engaged in production and design, discovered a book file in his grandmother’s computer during one of his visits. After his grandmother told him the story about the book file, Cooper was moved by her perseverance (毅力), and due to the story’s potential, he decided to take matters into his own hands. Cooper self-published the book and enlisted (争取) the talent of illustrator Yuri Moyashi to vividly bring the story to life. After its release, the TikTok video recording the moment he presented the published book as a Christmas gift to Rieco has gained over 4 million views and 800,000 likes, causing an outpouring of admiration from viewers. Several hundred copies of the book were sold within a month, and it has an online presence on moremoremore.net. Encouraged by this success, plans for an audio-book and a hardcover edition are underway. Rieco has other unpublished works that she is eager to pursue, and both she and Cooper are now determined to help others realize their dreams concerning writing. This heartwarming journey not only shows the power of perseverance but also the great impact of familial support in the pursuit of one’s creative ambitions. 4. What do we know about Barbara Rieco? A. She suffered a tough childhood. B. She possesses a strong determination. C. She donated money to the poor people. D. She attaches great importance to family 5. What may contribute to Cooper’s idea to publish the book? A. Deep sympathy for his grandmother. B. A responsibility to assist those in poverty. C. Strong faith in the prospect of Rieco’s story. D. An ambition to work with the talented illustrator. 6. Which of the following best describes the book’s publication? A. Ground-breaking. B. Far-reaching. C Distinctively-marked. D. Widely-welcomed. 7. What do Rieco and Cooper probably intend to do next? A. Boost others’ dreams. B. Generate more writings. C. Support others’ families. D. Promote her book online. C From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — somehow manage to avoid the disaster of stop-and-go traffic. Scientists are studying these insects’ remarkable teamwork to design smarter solutions for our roads — especially for future self-driving cars. Traffic jams often start when roads become too crowded. At about 15 cars per mile per lane, even a slight brake tap can create a wave of traffic jam, similar to how liquid water suddenly freezes into ice. Yet ants move smoothly even in dense groups. Researchers studying Australian black ants discovered their secret: “Three No’s Rule” — no lane-switching, no sudden speeding, and no tailgating. Humans, however, often make traffic worse. During rush hour, drivers tend to speed up, change lanes frequently, or follow too closely choices that prioritize individual goals over group efficiency. “This selfish behavior is why traffic jams form,” says engineer Nicola Pugno. But future self-driving cars could act more like ants. If connected through a network, autonomous vehicles might share real-time data to coordinate speeds and distances automatically. Like ants using scent trails to communicate, cars could form a cooperative system without a central leader — a design scientists call “resilient” and efficient. Ants do have natural advantages. They can widen paths, climb over obstacles, and even walk on tunnel ceilings to avoid jams. Cars obviously can’t do this, but drivers today can still learn one key lesson: avoid tailgating. Leaving extra space ahead helps absorb braking waves that cause “phantom jams” mysterious traffic backups with no clear cause. Nishinari’s research shows that maintaining a 3-second gap in heavy traffic could reduce congestion by 40%. While ants have perfected traffic flow over millions of years, humans are just beginning to catch up. By blending nature’s wisdom with technology, researchers hope to create roads where traffic moves as smoothly as an ant trail. As biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman notes, “Sometimes the simplest creatures hold the answers to our most complex problems.” 8. Why does the author compare traffic jams to water freezing into ice? A. To emphasize we should learn from nature. B. To explore the secrets of Australian black ants. C. To blame selfish drivers for causing accidents. D. To show traffic jams start suddenly under high density. 9. What does the word “resilient” most likely mean in paragraph 3? A. Safe and silent. B. Complex and flexible. C. Adaptable and stable. D. Cooperative and so. 10. What benefit does maintaining a 3-second gap in traffic provide? A. It increases fuel efficiency by 40%. B. It reduces traffic jam by nearly half. C. It eliminates all“phantom jams”. D. It allows cars to travel at higher speeds. 11. What is the best title for this passage? A. How Traffic Engineering Reduces Accidents B. Why Human Drivers Cause Traffic Jams C. How Ants Teach Us to Solve Traffic Jams D. Why Simplicity Can Solve Complex Problem D You probably know the feeling of having a hearty meal at a restaurant, and feeling full and satisfied, only to take a peek at the dessert menu and decide the cheesecake looks just irresistible. So why is it that you just absolutely couldn’t have another bite, but you somehow make an exception for a sweet treat? Scientists now have a better understanding of the neural origins of this urge thanks to a recent study published in the journal Science. Working with mice, researchers tried to set up a scenario similar to the human experience described above. In the experiment, mice were first given a standard meal after not eating for a day. They ate until they were full. Then, during a 30-minute “dessert” period, researchers offered either more of the same food or a high-sugar option. When given sugary food, the mice ate six times more calories than when offered regular food. The researchers focused on POMC neurons in the hypothalamus, a brain region linked to feelings of fullness. They found that when mice ate sugary food, these neurons released beta-endorphin (内啡肽), a chemical that binds to opioid receptors in the brain, creating a sense of reward. This explains why we desire sweets even when full — sugar triggers a pleasure response in the brain. When scientists blocked this opioid pathway, the mice avoided sugar. Similar neural activity was observed in humans, suggesting that our brains are wired to desire sugar. According to Henning Fenselau, a study author, this mechanism likely evolved to encourage the consumption of high-energy foods like sugar. Other research has linked sugar to the brain’s dopamine (多巴 胺) system, with some studies suggesting long-term sugar consumption can have effects similar to addictive drugs. However, this study was short-term and didn’t examine long-term effects like weight gain or metabolic changes. Dr. Paule Joseph a metabolism researcher, suggests that future studies should explore how these brain circuits function over time, especially with chronic sugar exposure. Understanding this reward pathway could help explain how overeating sugar contributes to obesity. This research sheds light on why we find desserts so irresistible, even when we’re full. 12. What is the main focus of the experiment? A. Sugar-caused weight gain in mice. B. Role of dopamine in food addiction. C. Effects of not eating for a long time. D. Neural basis of post-meal sweet desires. 13 Why did mice avoid sugar when the opioid pathway was blocked? A. They lost their sense of taste. B. They consumed too many calories. C. The sugar reward response was removed. D. Part of their brain was severely damaged. 14. In paragraph 5, what does “this mechanism” refer to? A. Preference for high-energy foods. B. Dopamine causing sugar addiction. C. Fullness neurons releasing chemicals. D. Sugar activating the brain’s reward system. 15. What does Dr. Paule Joseph suggest for future research? A. Developing drugs to block urges for sugar immediately. B. Studying how brain circuits change with long-term sugar intake. C. Comparing sugar’s effects to those of addictive drugs. D. Investigating why mice and humans have similar neural responses. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A Round Table When I was still a little, my entire family would reunite on almost every traditional festival to have dinner. While the grownups were discussing about something beyond our comprehension, we kids would be running around or even crowd under the table to play hide-and-seek. When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend, a tall and a shy man. My grandma joyfully added another seat to the round table. ____16____When I was twelve, my grandma passed away because of cancer, but when the entire family reunite once again, her chair, her bowl and her chopsticks remain the same even though her seat was empty. ____17____ We all have a table like this in our homes. ____18____ It is a symbol of a reunion of our families representing our sentiment, and an attachment to our families. ____19____ In China, almost everything can be solved over a round table, then that marriage bells between a loving couple, the morning of the dead, the negotiations between business partners and a state banquet to another president from other country can all happen on a same round table. So I start to wonder what is this round table to us, what it has been doing to us and its true significance starts to unfold in front of me. The food on the table may change with time. ____20____ The reason why we come together may be various, but the sensation behind it remains year after year the same, and that is our tolerance of different people or willingness to embrace different culture and artistic forms or care, and love, and respect for not only our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world. A. It was a bit crowded，yet we felt closer. B. The people sitting beside it may come and go. C. The round table has a unique meaning that ties us together. D. These memories around the round table are truly precious. E. These items gently filled the space of her absence. F. Besides, the round table is a platform for promoting diverse cultures. G. However, the significance of the round table goes far beyond family gathering. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The unexpected detours (迂回) in the past summer have turned an ordinary vacation into an unforgettable adventure. It began with a simple message from my friends, “Why don’t we ___21___ the road this weekend?” With only a rough idea of our route for mountains and lakes, we ___22___ into my car and set off into the clear night. Driving under a blanket of ___23___ felt liberating; it was as if all our worries ___24___ . The laughter echoed (回荡) in the car as we shared funny stories in our lives. As ___25___ broke over the horizon (地平线), so did our first ___26___ : getting lost! A wrong turn led us deep into winding country roads far from where we intended to be. ___27___ frustrated, we quickly turned it into an opportunity for exploration instead of seeing it as a ___28___ . We came across little towns we’d never heard of before — each with its own charm and character. Finally arriving at our ___29___ destination — an extremely attractive national park — we were greeted by breathtaking views of towering mountains ____30____ on glassy lakes. The ____31____ was undoubtedly our hike up Pine Ridge Trail, which challenged us physically but ____32____ us with views that took our breath away. This adventure ____33____ not only as an escape from daily pressures but also a chance to accept uncertainty rather than ____34____ it: sometimes getting lost opens doors that you didn’t even know ____35____ ! 21. A. hit B. fix C. cross D. block 22. A. dropped B. piled C. looked D. knocked 23. A. snow B. fog C. stars D. clouds 24. A. showed off B. turned up C. pulled in D. melted away 25. A. hope B. dream C. nightfall D. daylight 26. A. schedule B. approach C. opportunity D. challenge 27. A. Finally B. Initially C. Gradually D. Naturally 28. A. takeover B. setback C. checkout D. backup 29. A. hidden B. promised C. intended D. abandoned 30. A. standing B. rolling C. drawn D. reflected 31. A. shelter B. routine C. highlight D. adventure 32. A. impacted B. rewarded C. charged D. equipped 33. A. served B. passed C. ranked D. doubled 34. A. shy away from B. live up to C. put up with D. hold on to 35. A. mattered B. proved C. existed D. disappeared 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing Central Axis (轴线) is a historical and cultural landmark located in the center of Beijing, China. It runs north-south through the heart of the old city of Beijing, totaling 7.8 kilometers in ____36____ (long). It was ____37____ (initial) constructed in the 13th century and shaped in the 16th century. Axis was constructed ____38____ (base) on ancient architectural philosophies to create an ideal layout (布局) for a capital city. It has become the longest urban axis in the world today. Beijing Central Axis ____39____ (add) to the UNESCO World Heritage since 2024, becoming China’s 59th world heritage site. Now it ____40____ (feature) a collection of buildings and archaeological sites, with its root dating back to the examples of ideal capital planning in traditional Chinese culture. It is ____41____ symbol of building complexes and archeological (考古学的) sites that governs the overall layout of the old city. It acts ____42____ an important landmark, presenting the soul and the power of our nation. ____43____ (stretch) 7.8 kilometers north-south through the heart of Beijing, the property has 15 components. Along the Axis there are imperial(皇帝的)palaces and gardens, imperial sacrificial (献祭的) buildings, ancient urban ____44____ (facility), public buildings and roads. According to Lyu Zhou, director of the national Heritage Center at Tsinghua University, the city planning came from kaogongji (Book of Diverse Crafis), written before 221BCE, ____45____ outlines the order of in the planning of a capital city. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你们学校校报英语论坛（English Forum）正在组织一次讨论活动。主题是“AI And Our Study”。请你写一篇英语文章投稿。 内容包括：1. AI用于学习的现状；2. 你的看法或建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 This Friday brought a mix of emotions—both excitement and disappointment — all because of a flyer from school. When I got home, Mum saw the flyer in my hand and asked, “What’s this?” “A flyer for a five-day art camp,” I explained. “But Emily can’t go.” “Would you like to attend?”Mum asked. “You’ve always loved art.” Her words reminded me of what Emily had said earlier: “Tessa, you’re the real artist. My brother thought the roses I painted were rocket ships.” I sighed. Mum patted my back. She knew I had a hard time jumping into something with no familiar faces around. “Maybe next year.” “Maybe,” I echoed. Then I told Mum I wanted to go outside to draw the Westons’ pine tree (松树). She nodded with an encouraging smile. As I walked into the bright sunshine, I couldn’t help but think about the art camp. I wished I felt a little bit braver. Emily could make friends with a whole bus of kids in ten minutes, but my stomach felt like a little boat tossed in a heavy storm when I was surrounded by strangers... By the time I started drawing, I had made up my mind to forget about the art camp. I began by drawing the pine tree’s strong and straight trunk, and then added the beautiful branches, making sure the upper ones lifted gently towards the sun. Lost in my work, I jumped when I heard Mr. Weston speak up, “You’ve done a great job showing the strength of that tree on paper.” “Thanks,” I smiled, glancing up. As I drew the needles to the branches, Mr. Weston told me something I never knew about pines: If you plant the root ball too deep, the tree dies. Their roots grow out, not down—to get enough water and grow tall. “You have a good eye, Tessa.”With these words, Mr. Weston nodded goodbye. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: His words made me pause and think. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next Monday, I signed up for the camp. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年下学期五县联盟期中质量检测 高二英语 友情提示：1.本试卷12页。 2.考生将自己的姓名、准考证号及所有答案均填写在答题卷上。 3.答题要求见答题卷上的“注意事项”。 第一部分 听力 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man going to do this evening? A. Watch a movie. B. Play badminton. C. Work part-time. 2. Who is probably the man’s father? A. A lawyer. B. A doctor. C. A college teacher. 3. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A kind of folk art. B. A famous figure. C. A cooking video. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 5. Where is Dobson’s Bookstore? A. Across from a post office. B. Opposite Tatiana’s Cafe. C. Next to a cinema. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. Which of the following is mainly grown on the farm? A. Strawberries. B. Grapes. C. Peaches. 7. Why does the woman like the fruits on the farm? A. They are quite big. B. They are inexpensive. C. They are pollution-free. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8 How did the man get the coffee table? A. From a second-hand market. B. From a furniture store. C. From a garage sale. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Look at a floor lamp. B. Go to the bathroom. C. Drink some coffee. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10 Why does the woman seek help from Mr.Smith? A. For a personal injury case. B. For a contract dispute. C. For a property dispute. 11. What do we know about Mr.Smith? A. He provides free services. B. He charges by the hour. C. He has never lost a case. 12. What does Mr.Smith intend to do next? A. Prepare a draft of agency agreement. B. Get a description of the woman’s situation. C. Provide the woman with detailed bills. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How many languages have Quincy Troupe’s works been translated into? A. Around 12. B. About 21. C. More than 30. 14. What does Quincy Troupe say about his poem Essence Space After Leaving? A. It was written in Central Park. B. It is about Margaret. C. It was written after he married Margaret. 15. What made Quincy Troupe want to be a poet? A. His thought to combine art with music. B. His talent for languages. C. His wish to speak for himself. 16. Why does Quincy Troupe mention the poem by Caesar Vallejo? A. To introduce his favorite form of poetry. B. To explain time and space. C. To show the power of a good poem. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How many cities does the tour cover? A. Three. B. Five. C. Seven. 18. What can tourists do on the first day of the tour? A. Attend a ceremony in the hotel. B. Explore Xi’an with a local guide. C. Travel around Beijing by themselves. 19. What will tourists pass after visiting Tian’anmen Square? A. A temple. B. A bridge. C. A tower. 20. When will tourists leave for Shanghai? A. On the second day. B. On the fourth day. C. On the sixth day. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Throughout history, there have been sculptors prized for their willingness to push boundaries. Without their contributions, it would be difficult to imagine visual art as we now know it. Here are several pioneers. Gianlorenzo Bernini(1598-1680) As a master of materials, Italian artist Gianlorenzo Bernini is known for his astonishing ability to create movement and bring forth emotion with his work. In his masterpiece, Pluto and Perse, the rough and cold stone has been turned into flesh that looks so real and soft that you just want to reach out and touch it. Henry Moore(1898-1986) Known for his abstract public sculpture, British artist Henry Moore’s works most often focus on the theme of mother and child, who usually sit or lie in a relaxed way, with their bodies leaning backwards. Moore’s figures are often composed of multiple pieces, yet his clean lines allow viewers to effectively see the figures within the abstract form. Such features are very obvious in his master piece Mother and Child. Louise Bourgeois(1911-2010) Most well-known for her public art, French-American sculptor Louise Bourgeois rose to international fame in 1982 after the Museum of Modern Art held her first exhibit. By this time, she was already in her 70s. Drawing from her own life experience, her sculptures often explore themes of family and death. In her representative work, Maman, Bourgeois has used a spider to stand for her mother, who died when she was a child, to show her strength and protection over her family. 1. What can people feel from Pluto and Perse by Gianlorenzo Bernini? A. Stone-like hardness. B. Flesh-like softness. C. Astonishing mystery. D. Icy coldness. 2. Why did Louise Bourgeois use a spider in Maman? A. To symbolize her mother. B. To express her fear of spiders. C. To show her love for nature. D. To explore the theme of death. 3. What do the three artists have in common? A. They lived in Europe all their lives. B. They rose to fame for public sculptures. C. They explored the identical theme. D. They were known for artistic innovation. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三位在雕塑领域具有开创性贡献的艺术家：Gianlorenzo Bernini、Henry Moore和Louise Bourgeois，分别讲述了他们的艺术风格、代表作品及其对视觉艺术的影响。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In his masterpiece, Pluto and Perse, the rough and cold stone has been turned into flesh that looks so real and soft that you just want to reach out and touch it.(在他的杰作《普路托和珀尔斯》中，粗糙冰冷的石头变成了血肉之躯，看起来如此真实柔软，让人忍不住想伸手去摸一摸。)”可知，从詹洛伦佐·贝尼尼（Gian Lorenzo Bernini）的雕塑《普鲁托与珀尔塞福涅》（Pluto and Persephone）中，人们可以感受到肌肤般的柔软。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In her representative work, Maman, Bourgeois has used a spider to stand for her mother, who died when she was a child, to show her strength and protection over her family.(在她的代表作《Maman》中，布尔乔亚用一只蜘蛛来代表她的母亲，她的母亲在她小时候就去世了，以显示她对家人的力量和保护。)”可知，在《Maman》中，路易丝·布尔乔亚用一只蜘蛛象征她的母亲，故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Throughout history, there have been sculptors prized for their willingness to push boundaries. Without their contributions, it would be difficult to imagine visual art as we now know it. (纵观历史，一直有雕塑家因愿意突破界限而备受赞誉。如果没有他们的贡献，就很难想象我们现在所知道的视觉艺术)”可知，三位艺术家以艺术创新而闻名。故选C。 B Barbara Rieco, a woman with a firm desire to become an author, witnessed the realization of her long-prized dream this Christmas season. Her grandson, Chad Cooper, played a crucial role in making it happen. Though Rieco authored the children’s book More! More! More! as early as in 1972, the path to publication had been filled with rejections for four decades. Nevertheless, she kept trying to publish this book. The concept of abandoning her dream simply has never crossed Rieco’s mind. The story of More! More! More! focuses on Prissy Miss and her exploration of gratitude and the power of make-believe. It draws inspiration from Rieco’s early years in a middle-class Philadelphia family and her later experiences at Project Head Start, where she was deeply touched by the sight of poverty and her desire to assist those in need grew. Cooper, engaged in production and design, discovered a book file in his grandmother’s computer during one of his visits. After his grandmother told him the story about the book file, Cooper was moved by her perseverance (毅力), and due to the story’s potential, he decided to take matters into his own hands. Cooper self-published the book and enlisted (争取) the talent of illustrator Yuri Moyashi to vividly bring the story to life. After its release, the TikTok video recording the moment he presented the published book as a Christmas gift to Rieco has gained over 4 million views and 800,000 likes, causing an outpouring of admiration from viewers. Several hundred copies of the book were sold within a month, and it has an online presence on moremoremore.net. Encouraged by this success, plans for an audio-book and a hardcover edition are underway. Rieco has other unpublished works that she is eager to pursue, and both she and Cooper are now determined to help others realize their dreams concerning writing. This heartwarming journey not only shows the power of perseverance but also the great impact of familial support in the pursuit of one’s creative ambitions. 4. What do we know about Barbara Rieco? A. She suffered a tough childhood. B. She possesses a strong determination. C. She donated money to the poor people. D. She attaches great importance to family 5. What may contribute to Cooper’s idea to publish the book? A. Deep sympathy for his grandmother. B. A responsibility to assist those in poverty. C. Strong faith in the prospect of Rieco’s story. D. An ambition to work with the talented illustrator. 6. Which of the following best describes the book’s publication? A. Ground-breaking. B. Far-reaching. C. Distinctively-marked. D. Widely-welcomed. 7. What do Rieco and Cooper probably intend to do next? A Boost others’ dreams. B. Generate more writings. C. Support others’ families. D. Promote her book online. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Chad Cooper帮助祖母Barbara Rieco出版书籍的故事，Chad Cooper不仅圆了祖母的作家梦，也想要帮助更多的人实现他们的写作梦想。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Though Rieco authored the children’s book More! More! More! as early as in 1972, the path to publication had been filled with rejections for four decades. Nevertheless, she kept trying to publish this book. The concept of abandoning her dream simply has never crossed Rieco’s mind. (尽管Rieco早在 1972 年就创作了儿童读物《More! More! More!》，但在长达四十年的时间里，这本书的出版之路却一直充斥着退稿的情况。尽管如此，她还是坚持出版这本书。Rieco从来没有想过要放弃自己的梦想)”可知，四十年来，Rieco尝试出版书籍却一直被拒绝，但她从来没有想过放弃。由此可推知，她有着坚定的决心。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“After his grandmother told him the story about the book file, Cooper was moved by her perseverance (毅力), and due to the story’s potential, he decided to take matters into his own hands. (在他的祖母告诉他关于书档案的故事后，Cooper被她的毅力所感动，由于这个故事的潜力，他决定自己采取行动)”可知，Cooper被祖母的毅力所感动，且他看到了这本书中故事的潜力，这说明他对Rieco的故事有很强的信心。因此，可能是对Rieco故事的强烈信心促使Cooper决定出版这本书。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Several hundred copies of the book were sold within a month, and it has an online presence on moremoremore.net. (这本书在一个月内卖出了几百本，并在moremoremo.net上有一个在线网站)”可推知，这本书在一个月内卖出了几百本，即它广受欢迎。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Rieco has other unpublished works that she is eager to pursue, and both she and Cooper are now determined to help others realize their dreams concerning writing. (Rieco还有其他未出版的作品，她渴望继续追求，她和Cooper现在都决心帮助别人实现他们的写作梦想)”可推知，Rieco和Cooper接下来可能打算帮助更多的人实现他们的写作梦想。故选A。 C From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — somehow manage to avoid the disaster of stop-and-go traffic. Scientists are studying these insects’ remarkable teamwork to design smarter solutions for our roads — especially for future self-driving cars. Traffic jams often start when roads become too crowded. At about 15 cars per mile per lane, even a slight brake tap can create a wave of traffic jam, similar to how liquid water suddenly freezes into ice. Yet ants move smoothly even in dense groups. Researchers studying Australian black ants discovered their secret: “Three No’s Rule” — no lane-switching, no sudden speeding, and no tailgating. Humans, however, often make traffic worse. During rush hour, drivers tend to speed up, change lanes frequently, or follow too closely choices that prioritize individual goals over group efficiency. “This selfish behavior is why traffic jams form,” says engineer Nicola Pugno. But future self-driving cars could act more like ants. If connected through a network, autonomous vehicles might share real-time data to coordinate speeds and distances automatically. Like ants using scent trails to communicate, cars could form a cooperative system without a central leader — a design scientists call “resilient” and efficient. Ants do have natural advantages. They can widen paths, climb over obstacles, and even walk on tunnel ceilings to avoid jams. Cars obviously can’t do this, but drivers today can still learn one key lesson: avoid tailgating. Leaving extra space ahead helps absorb braking waves that cause “phantom jams” mysterious traffic backups with no clear cause. Nishinari’s research shows that maintaining a 3-second gap in heavy traffic could reduce congestion by 40%. While ants have perfected traffic flow over millions of years, humans are just beginning to catch up. By blending nature’s wisdom with technology, researchers hope to create roads where traffic moves as smoothly as an ant trail. As biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman notes, “Sometimes the simplest creatures hold the answers to our most complex problems.” 8. Why does the author compare traffic jams to water freezing into ice? A. To emphasize we should learn from nature. B. To explore the secrets of Australian black ants. C. To blame selfish drivers for causing accidents. D. To show traffic jams start suddenly under high density. 9. What does the word “resilient” most likely mean in paragraph 3? A. Safe and silent. B. Complex and flexible. C. Adaptable and stable. D. Cooperative and so. 10. What benefit does maintaining a 3-second gap in traffic provide? A. It increases fuel efficiency by 40%. B. It reduces traffic jam by nearly half. C. It eliminates all“phantom jams”. D. It allows cars to travel at higher speeds. 11. What is the best title for this passage? A. How Traffic Engineering Reduces Accidents B. Why Human Drivers Cause Traffic Jams C. How Ants Teach Us to Solve Traffic Jams D. Why Simplicity Can Solve Complex Problem 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚂蚁在交通方面的出色表现，科学家研究其团队协作，希望借鉴蚂蚁的“三不原则”为道路尤其是未来自动驾驶汽车设计更智能的解决方案。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Traffic jams often start when roads become too crowded. At about 15 cars per mile per lane, even a slight brake tap can create a wave of traffic jam, similar to how liquid water suddenly freezes into ice.(交通堵塞通常在道路变得过于拥挤时开始。在每条车道每英里约有15辆车的情况下，即使轻轻点一下刹车，也会造成一波交通堵塞，就像液态水突然结冰一样)”可知，作者将交通堵塞比作水结冰是为了说明在高密度情况下交通堵塞会突然开始。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Like ants using scent trails to communicate, cars could form a cooperative system without a central leader — a design scientists call ‘resilient’ and efficient.(就像蚂蚁利用气味痕迹进行交流一样，汽车可以形成一个没有中央领导者的合作系统——科学家称这种设计‘resilient’且高效)”可知，这种系统能像蚂蚁一样，即使没有中央领导也能很好地运作，说明它具有适应性和稳定性。所以“resilient”意思最可能是“适应性强且稳定的”，与C项“Adaptable and stable”意思相近。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Nishinari’s research shows that maintaining a 3-second gap in heavy traffic could reduce congestion by 40%.(西成的研究表明，在交通拥堵时保持3秒的车距可以减少40%的拥堵)”可知，在交通中保持3秒车距的好处是能将交通堵塞减少近一半。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Scientists are studying these insects’ remarkable teamwork to design smarter solutions for our roads — especially for future self-driving cars.(科学家们正在研究这些昆虫非凡的团队协作，为我们的道路设计更智能的解决方案——尤其是为未来的自动驾驶汽车)”可知，本文主要讲述了科学家从蚂蚁的交通行为中获取灵感，以解决人类的交通堵塞问题。所以C项“How Ants Teach Us to Solve Traffic Jams(蚂蚁如何教我们解决交通堵塞问题)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。 D You probably know the feeling of having a hearty meal at a restaurant, and feeling full and satisfied, only to take a peek at the dessert menu and decide the cheesecake looks just irresistible. So why is it that you just absolutely couldn’t have another bite, but you somehow make an exception for a sweet treat? Scientists now have a better understanding of the neural origins of this urge thanks to a recent study published in the journal Science. Working with mice, researchers tried to set up a scenario similar to the human experience described above. In the experiment, mice were first given a standard meal after not eating for a day. They ate until they were full. Then, during a 30-minute “dessert” period, researchers offered either more of the same food or a high-sugar option. When given sugary food, the mice ate six times more calories than when offered regular food. The researchers focused on POMC neurons in the hypothalamus, a brain region linked to feelings of fullness. They found that when mice ate sugary food, these neurons released beta-endorphin (内啡肽), a chemical that binds to opioid receptors in the brain, creating a sense of reward. This explains why we desire sweets even when full — sugar triggers a pleasure response in the brain. When scientists blocked this opioid pathway, the mice avoided sugar. Similar neural activity was observed in humans, suggesting that our brains are wired to desire sugar. According to Henning Fenselau, a study author, this mechanism likely evolved to encourage the consumption of high-energy foods like sugar. Other research has linked sugar to the brain’s dopamine (多巴 胺) system, with some studies suggesting long-term sugar consumption can have effects similar to addictive drugs. However, this study was short-term and didn’t examine long-term effects like weight gain or metabolic changes. Dr. Paule Joseph, a metabolism researcher, suggests that future studies should explore how these brain circuits function over time, especially with chronic sugar exposure. Understanding this reward pathway could help explain how overeating sugar contributes to obesity. This research sheds light on why we find desserts so irresistible, even when we’re full. 12. What is the main focus of the experiment? A. Sugar-caused weight gain in mice. B. Role of dopamine in food addiction. C. Effects of not eating for a long time. D. Neural basis of post-meal sweet desires. 13. Why did mice avoid sugar when the opioid pathway was blocked? A. They lost their sense of taste. B. They consumed too many calories. C. The sugar reward response was removed. D. Part of their brain was severely damaged. 14. In paragraph 5, what does “this mechanism” refer to? A. Preference for high-energy foods. B. Dopamine causing sugar addiction. C. Fullness neurons releasing chemicals. D. Sugar activating the brain’s reward system. 15. What does Dr. Paule Joseph suggest for future research? A. Developing drugs to block urges for sugar immediately. B. Studying how brain circuits change with long-term sugar intake. C. Comparing sugar’s effects to those of addictive drugs. D. Investigating why mice and humans have similar neural responses. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过小鼠实验揭示饭后对甜食渴望的神经基础。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“You probably know the feeling of having a hearty meal at a restaurant, and feeling full and satisfied, only to take a peek at the dessert menu and decide the cheesecake looks just irresistible. So why is it that you just absolutely couldn’t have another bite, but you somehow make an exception for a sweet treat? (你或许有过这样的体验：在餐厅大快朵颐后已是酒足饭饱，却忍不住瞥一眼甜点菜单，觉得芝士蛋糕实在让人无法抗拒。为什么明明一口正餐都吃不下，却能为甜食破例？)”和第二段“Scientists now have a better understanding of the neural origins of this urge thanks to a recent study published in the journal Science. Working with mice, researchers tried to set up a scenario similar to the human experience described above. (科学家们现在对这种冲动的神经起源有了更好的理解，这要归功于最近发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究。研究人员用老鼠进行实验，试图建立一个类似于上述人类经历的场景。)”可知，实验的主要焦点是研究饭后对甜食渴望的神经基础。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The researchers focused on POMC neurons in the hypothalamus, a brain region linked to feelings of fullness. They found that when mice ate sugary food, these neurons released beta-endorphin (内啡肽), a chemical that binds to opioid receptors in the brain, creating a sense of reward. This explains why we desire sweets even when full — sugar triggers a pleasure response in the brain. (研究人员聚焦于下丘脑的POMC神经元（该脑区与饱腹感相关），发现小鼠进食含糖食物时，这些神经元会释放β-内啡肽——一种与大脑阿片受体结合、产生奖赏感的化学物质。这解释了为何我们在饱腹后仍渴望甜食：糖分能触发大脑的愉悦反应。)”以及第五段中 “When scientists blocked this opioid pathway, the mice avoided sugar. (当科学家阻断这一阿片通路时，小鼠便会避开糖分。)”可知，当阿片类通路被阻断时，老鼠会避开糖，是因为糖的奖励反应被去除了。故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“The researchers focused on POMC neurons in the hypothalamus, a brain region linked to feelings of fullness. They found that when mice ate sugary food, these neurons released beta-endorphin (内啡肽), a chemical that binds to opioid receptors in the brain, creating a sense of reward. This explains why we desire sweets even when full — sugar triggers a pleasure response in the brain. (研究人员聚焦于下丘脑的POMC神经元（该脑区与饱腹感相关），发现小鼠进食含糖食物时，这些神经元会释放β-内啡肽——一种与大脑阿片受体结合、产生奖赏感的化学物质。这解释了为何我们在饱腹后仍渴望甜食：糖分能触发大脑的愉悦反应。)”和第五段“When scientists blocked this opioid pathway, the mice avoided sugar. Similar neural activity was observed in humans, suggesting that our brains are wired to desire sugar. According to Henning Fenselau, a study author, this mechanism likely evolved to encourage the consumption of high-energy foods like sugar. (当科学家阻断这一阿片通路时，小鼠便会避开糖分。人类体内也观察到类似的神经活动，表明我们的大脑天生对糖分有渴望。研究作者亨宁・芬塞劳指出，这一机制可能是为了促使人类摄入糖分等高能量食物而进化形成的。)”可知，this mechanism指的是糖激活大脑的奖励系统。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Dr. Paule Joseph, a metabolism researcher, suggests that future studies should explore how these brain circuits function over time, especially with chronic sugar exposure. (新陈代谢研究员Paule Joseph博士建议，未来的研究应该探索这些大脑回路是如何随时间变化的，特别是在长期接触糖的情况下。)”可知，Paule Joseph博士建议未来的研究应该探索大脑回路如何随着长期糖摄入而变化。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A Round Table When I was still a little, my entire family would reunite on almost every traditional festival to have dinner. While the grownups were discussing about something beyond our comprehension, we kids would be running around or even crowd under the table to play hide-and-seek. When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend, a tall and a shy man. My grandma joyfully added another seat to the round table. ____16____When I was twelve, my grandma passed away because of cancer, but when the entire family reunite once again, her chair, her bowl and her chopsticks remain the same even though her seat was empty. ____17____ We all have a table like this in our homes. ____18____ It is a symbol of a reunion of our families representing our sentiment, and an attachment to our families. ____19____ In China, almost everything can be solved over a round table, then that marriage bells between a loving couple, the morning of the dead, the negotiations between business partners and a state banquet to another president from other country can all happen on a same round table. So I start to wonder what is this round table to us, what it has been doing to us and its true significance starts to unfold in front of me. The food on the table may change with time. ____20____ The reason why we come together may be various, but the sensation behind it remains year after year the same, and that is our tolerance of different people or willingness to embrace different culture and artistic forms or care, and love, and respect for not only our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world. A. It was a bit crowded，yet we felt closer. B. The people sitting beside it may come and go. C. The round table has a unique meaning that ties us together. D. These memories around the round table are truly precious. E. These items gently filled the space of her absence. F. Besides, the round table is a platform for promoting diverse cultures. G. However, the significance of the round table goes far beyond family gathering. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过描述家庭圆桌的变迁，阐述了圆桌不仅是家庭团聚的象征，其意义更超越家庭，承载着包容、爱与尊重等情感。 【16题详解】 根据上文“My grandma joyfully added another seat to the round table.(奶奶高兴地给圆桌加了一个座位)” 可知，上文说的是给圆桌增加了一个座位，可推理出空白处说的是增加座位后空间状态的变化及其影响，与A 项“It was a bit crowded, yet we felt closer.(有点拥挤，但我们感觉更亲近了)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“When I was twelve, my grandma passed away because of cancer, but when the entire family reunite once again, her chair, her bowl and her chopsticks remain the same even though her seat was empty (在我十二岁那年，奶奶因癌症去世了。但当全家人再次团聚时，她的椅子、她的碗以及她的筷子都还保持着原样，尽管那个属于她的位置是空的)”可知，上文说的是奶奶去世后，家里的物品都还保持着原样，尽管那个属于她的位置是空的，可推理出下文说的是这些物品的留存填补了奶奶缺席的空间，E项“These items gently filled the space of her absence.(这些物品温柔地填补了她缺席的空间)”直接承接上文，解释了物品存在的意义，故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“It is a symbol of a reunion of our families representing our sentiment, and an attachment to our families.(它是家庭团聚的象征，代表着我们的情感和对家庭的依恋)”可知，下文说的是圆桌是家庭团聚的象征，代表着全家人的情感和对家庭的依恋，可推理出空白处需总结圆桌的意义，C项“The round table has a unique meaning that ties us together.(圆桌有一种将我们联系在一起的独特意义)”表达的含义适合作为总起句，引出后文对意义的具体阐述，逻辑连贯，故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“In China, almost everything can be solved over a round table, then that marriage bells between a loving couple, the morning of the dead, the negotiations between business partners and a state banquet to another president from other country can all happen on a same round table (在中国，几乎凡事都能在一张圆桌上解决。于是，恩爱夫妻的喜结良缘、逝者的头七祭奠、商业伙伴间的谈判协商以及招待其他国家总统的国宴，都能在同一张圆桌上进行)”可知，关于圆桌的话题从家庭延伸到更广泛的社会场景，G项“However, the significance of the round table goes far beyond family gathering.(然而，圆桌的意义远不止家庭聚会)”作为过渡句，引出意义的扩展，符合段落间的逻辑转折，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The food on the table may change with time.(桌上的食物可能会随着时间而变化)”以及下文“The reason why we come together may be various, but the sensation behind it remains year after year the same, and that is our tolerance of different people or willingness to embrace different culture and artistic forms or care, and love, and respect for not only our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world (我们相聚的理由或许各不相同，但背后的那种感受年复一年始终如一，那就是我们对不同人群的包容，或是对不同文化及艺术形式的接纳，还有对家庭、对社区、对国家乃至对整个世界所怀有的关怀、热爱与敬重)”可知，上文提到了桌上的食物可能会随着时间而变化，下文提到了我们对不同人群的包容，或是对不同文化及艺术形式的接纳，可推理出空白处说的是坐在圆桌旁的人可能是不同的人，B项“The people sitting beside it may come and go.(坐在它旁边的人可能有来有去)”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The unexpected detours (迂回) in the past summer have turned an ordinary vacation into an unforgettable adventure. It began with a simple message from my friends, “Why don’t we ___21___ the road this weekend?” With only a rough idea of our route for mountains and lakes, we ___22___ into my car and set off into the clear night. Driving under a blanket of ___23___ felt liberating; it was as if all our worries ___24___ . The laughter echoed (回荡) in the car as we shared funny stories in our lives. As ___25___ broke over the horizon (地平线), so did our first ___26___ : getting lost! A wrong turn led us deep into winding country roads far from where we intended to be. ___27___ frustrated, we quickly turned it into an opportunity for exploration instead of seeing it as a ___28___ . We came across little towns we’d never heard of before — each with its own charm and character. Finally arriving at our ___29___ destination — an extremely attractive national park — we were greeted by breathtaking views of towering mountains ____30____ on glassy lakes. The ____31____ was undoubtedly our hike up Pine Ridge Trail, which challenged us physically but ____32____ us with views that took our breath away. This adventure ____33____ not only as an escape from daily pressures but also a chance to accept uncertainty rather than ____34____ it: sometimes getting lost opens doors that you didn’t even know ____35____ ! 21. A. hit B. fix C. cross D. block 22. A. dropped B. piled C. looked D. knocked 23. A. snow B. fog C. stars D. clouds 24. A. showed off B. turned up C. pulled in D. melted away 25. A. hope B. dream C. nightfall D. daylight 26. A. schedule B. approach C. opportunity D. challenge 27. A. Finally B. Initially C. Gradually D. Naturally 28. A. takeover B. setback C. checkout D. backup 29. A. hidden B. promised C. intended D. abandoned 30. A. standing B. rolling C. drawn D. reflected 31 A. shelter B. routine C. highlight D. adventure 32. A. impacted B. rewarded C. charged D. equipped 33. A. served B. passed C. ranked D. doubled 34. A. shy away from B. live up to C. put up with D. hold on to 35. A. mattered B. proved C. existed D. disappeared 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。去年暑假作者和朋友一起开车旅行，无意间迷了路，他们沿途看到了从未见过的地方，并且最终依然到达了目的地。这场意外旅程给了一个接受不确定性的机会，打开了未知的大门。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们为什么不在这个周末上路呢？A. hit击，打，到达；B. fix使固定；C. cross穿越；D. block阻塞。根据空后的“the road”和下文中的“we ___2___into my car and set off into the clear night”可知，他们周末开车上路。hit the road意为“上路，出发”。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们对通往山和湖的路线只有一个大致的想法，我们挤进我的车里，在晴朗的夜晚出发。A. dropped掉下；B. piled堆放，拥挤；C. looked看；D. knocked敲。根据上文中的“my friends”可知，他们一行人多，所以是挤进车里。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在星空下开车感觉很自由；好像我们所有的忧虑都烟消云散了。A. snow雪；B. fog雾；C. stars星星；D. clouds云。根据上文中的“the clear night”可知，他们在晴朗的夜里前行，所以是在满是星星的夜空下开车。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. showed off炫耀；B. turned up出现；C. pulled in驶向路边（或某处）停靠；D. melted away（使）慢慢消失。根据句中的“felt liberating”和下文中的“The laughter echoed (回荡) in the car”可知，他们感觉自由，笑声不断，所有的忧虑都消失了。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地平线破晓时，我们的第一个挑战也出现了：迷路！A. hope希望；B. dream梦想；C. nightfall黄昏；D. daylight日光。根据上文中的“the clear night”和空后的“broke over the horizon (地平线)”可知，他们在夜里出发，开车的过程中天亮了，地平线上出现了日光。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. schedule工作计划；B. approach方法；C. opportunity机会；D. challenge挑战。根据空后的“getting lost”可知，他们迷路了，这是一个挑战。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初我们很沮丧，但很快就把它变成了一个探索的机会，而不是把它看作一个挫折。A. Finally最后；B. Initially最初；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Naturally自然地。根据句中的“we quickly turned it into an opportunity for exploration”可知，他们后面很快把这次迷路看作一个探索的机会，所以可知他们一开始很沮丧。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. takeover接收；B. setback挫折，阻碍；C. checkout收款处；D. backup增援。根据上文“instead of”前的“we quickly turned it into an opportunity for exploration”可知，他们把这次迷路看作机会，而不是挫折。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们抵达了预定的目的地——一个极具吸引力的国家公园——迎接我们的是壮丽的景色，高耸的山脉映照在清澈的湖面上。A. hidden隐藏；B. promised承诺；C. intended计划，打算；D. abandoned抛弃。根据上文中的“With only a rough idea of our route for mountains and lakes”可知，他们最初计划去有山和湖的地方，这里指他们到达了最初定好的目的地。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. standing站立；B. rolling（使）翻滚，滚动；C. drawn画，拉；D. reflected映出。根据“towering mountains”和“on glassy lakes”并结合常识可知，山映照在清澈的湖面上。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，最精彩的是我们在松岭步道上的徒步旅行，这给我们带来了身体上的挑战，但也为我们带来了令人叹为观止的景色。A. shelter庇护处；B. routine常规；C. highlight最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分；D. adventure冒险。根据空后的“was undoubtedly our hike up Pine Ridge Trail”可知，这里是说在国家公园旅行的亮点。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. impacted有影响；B. rewarded奖励，奖赏；C. charged收费；D. equipped配备。根据but前的“challenged us physically”和空后的“us with views that took our breath away”可知，虽然徒步旅行给我们的身体带来挑战，但也用美景回报我们。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次冒险不仅是一次逃离日常压力的机会，也是一次接受不确定性而不是回避不确定性的机会：有时迷路会打开你甚至不知道存在的大门！A. served服务，适合作……用；B. passed通过；C. ranked把……分等级；D. doubled（使）加倍。根据空后的“not only as an escape from daily pressures but also a chance to accept uncertainty”可知，这里指这次冒险之旅充当的作用。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. shy away from畏避，躲避；B. live up to达到，不辜负；C. put up with容忍，忍受；D. hold on to抓紧，不放开。根据上文“rather than”前的“a chance to accept uncertainty”可知，前后表示对比，这里与“接受不额定性”相反，指的是躲避不确定性，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考第13题。A. mattered重要；B. proved证明；C. existed存在；D. disappeared消失。根据空前的“doors that you didn’t even know”和上文中的“We came across little towns we’d never heard of before”可知，作者他们迷路后，在未知的路上遇到了之前没有听说过的地方，所以这里是说迷路打开了你不知道存在的大门。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing Central Axis (轴线) is a historical and cultural landmark located in the center of Beijing, China. It runs north-south through the heart of the old city of Beijing, totaling 7.8 kilometers in ____36____ (long). It was ____37____ (initial) constructed in the 13th century and shaped in the 16th century. Axis was constructed ____38____ (base) on ancient architectural philosophies to create an ideal layout (布局) for a capital city. It has become the longest urban axis in the world today. Beijing Central Axis ____39____ (add) to the UNESCO World Heritage since 2024, becoming China’s 59th world heritage site. Now it ____40____ (feature) a collection of buildings and archaeological sites, with its root dating back to the examples of ideal capital planning in traditional Chinese culture. It is ____41____ symbol of building complexes and archeological (考古学的) sites that governs the overall layout of the old city. It acts ____42____ an important landmark, presenting the soul and the power of our nation. ____43____ (stretch) 7.8 kilometers north-south through the heart of Beijing, the property has 15 components. Along the Axis there are imperial(皇帝的)palaces and gardens, imperial sacrificial (献祭的) buildings, ancient urban ____44____ (facility), public buildings and roads. According to Lyu Zhou, director of the national Heritage Center at Tsinghua University, the city planning came from kaogongji (Book of Diverse Crafis), written before 221BCE, ____45____ outlines the order of in the planning of a capital city. 【答案】36. length 37. initially 38. based 39. has been added 40. features 41. a 42. as 43. Stretching 44. facilities 45. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了北京中轴线的相关信息，包括其位置、长度、历史背景、建筑特色以及它如何成为中国第59个世界遗产地。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：它从北向南贯穿北京老城的中心，全长7.8公里。空前是介词in，所以空处应填名词作宾语，long的名词形式是length。故填length。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：它最初建于13世纪，在16世纪成型。空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词。故填initially。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中轴线是根据古代建筑理念建造，为首都创造了一个理想的布局。本句已有谓语动词，所以base用非谓语形式，此处是固定搭配：be based on“基于”，去掉be动词，作状语。故填based。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：北京中轴线于2024年被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录，成为中国第59个世界遗产。add为本句谓语，和主语Beijing Central Axis之间是被动关系，根据since 2024可知，用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数。故填has been added。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，它以一系列建筑和考古遗址为特色，其根源可以追溯到中国传统文化中理想的资本规划。feature作本句谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填features。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它是建筑群和考古遗址的象征，支配着旧城的整体布局。此处是固定搭配：be a symbol of意为“是……的象征”。连接辅音音素，故填a。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：它是一个重要的地标，代表着我们民族的灵魂和力量。此处是固定搭配：act as意为“充当”。故填as。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目南北延伸7.8公里，穿过北京市中心，由15个部分组成。本句已有谓语动词，所以stretch用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语the property之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Stretching。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：沿着中轴线有皇家宫殿和花园，皇家祭祀建筑，古代城市设施，公共建筑和道路。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，和前后文并列作表语，facility意为“设施”为可数名词，根据句意，应用复数形式。故填facilities。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据清华大学国家文物中心主任吕周介绍，城市规划来自公元前221年以前的《考工记》，它概述了首都规划的顺序。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是kaogongji (Book of Diverse Crafis)，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你们学校的校报英语论坛（English Forum）正在组织一次讨论活动。主题是“AI And Our Study”。请你写一篇英语文章投稿。 内容包括：1. AI用于学习的现状；2. 你的看法或建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Version1 分析现状（包括我使用的情况）+我的建议 AI and Our Study Nowadays, AI has become an inseparable part of study, reshaping how students learn and interact with knowledge. Many students rely on ChatGPT, Deepseek to solve math problems, practice languages, or organize study schedules. However, this convenience comes with challenges, such as over-dependence and ethical concerns about originality in work. In my daily study routine, I use AI tools wisely. I rely on apps to improve writing accuracy and brainstorm essay ideas. However, I avoid over-dependence by cross-checking AI suggestions with textbooks or teacher feedback. My advice? Embrace AI as a supporter, not a replacement. Balance technology with critical thinking, and always prioritize understanding over shortcuts. AI can lighten the load, but true learning still requires your effort and curiosity. Only by blending AI’s efficiency with human creativity can we unlock greater academic potential. Version2 分析现状（客观环境）+我的观点+建议 AI and Our Study As a high school student, I have noticed that AI is increasingly being used in our study. Many online learning platforms now incorporate AI to provide personalized study plans and real-time feedback. In my opinion, the use of AI in study has both advantages and challenges. On one hand, it can adapt to our individual learning styles and paces, making learning more efficient. It can also offer immediate help and explanations when we encounter difficulties. However, there are also concerns. For example, over-reliance on AI might reduce our ability to think independently. To make the best of AI in our study, we should use it as a tool to assist us, but not rely on it completely. We still need to develop our own critical thinking and problem-solving skills. I believe that with the right approach, AI can greatly enhance our learning experience and help us achieve better academic results. Version3 分析现状（大家还不怎么会用）+我的建议 AI And Our Study In our school, AI is not yet a part of our daily study. Although it’s widely discussed, most students, including me, haven’t used it in learning, mainly because we lack the know-how. However, I believe AI can bring huge benefits to our study. For instance, AI-powered language learning apps can offer instant translations and grammar checks, helping us improve language skills. Also, intelligent study planners can arrange personalized study schedules according to our weaknesses. To make the most of AI, I suggest the school organize training sessions to teach us how to use AI tools safely and effectively. This way, we can leverage AI to enhance our learning efficiency. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语文章投稿，说明AI用于学习的现状以及你的看法或建议。 【详解】（范文1） 1.词汇积累 依靠：rely on→depend on 替代物：replacement→alternative 解决：solve→address 明智地：wisely→advisably 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Many students rely on ChatGPT, Deepseek to solve math problems, practice languages, or organize study schedules. However, this convenience comes with challenges, such as over-dependence and ethical concerns about originality in work. 拓展句：Although many students rely on ChatGPT, Deepseek to solve math problems, practice languages, or organize study schedules, this convenience comes with challenges, such as over-dependence and ethical concerns about originality in work. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Nowadays, AI has become an inseparable part of study, reshaping how students learn and interact with knowledge. (运用了how引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Only by blending AI’s efficiency with human creativity can we unlock greater academic potential. (运用了倒装句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 This Friday brought a mix of emotions—both excitement and disappointment — all because of a flyer from school. When I got home, Mum saw the flyer in my hand and asked, “What’s this?” “A flyer for a five-day art camp,” I explained. “But Emily can’t go.” “Would you like to attend?”Mum asked. “You’ve always loved art.” Her words reminded me of what Emily had said earlier: “Tessa, you’re the real artist. My brother thought the roses I painted were rocket ships.” I sighed. Mum patted my back. She knew I had a hard time jumping into something with no familiar faces around. “Maybe next year.” “Maybe,” I echoed. Then I told Mum I wanted to go outside to draw the Westons’ pine tree (松树). She nodded with an encouraging smile. As I walked into the bright sunshine, I couldn’t help but think about the art camp. I wished I felt a little bit braver. Emily could make friends with a whole bus of kids in ten minutes, but my stomach felt like a little boat tossed in a heavy storm when I was surrounded by strangers... By the time I started drawing, I had made up my mind to forget about the art camp. I began by drawing the pine tree’s strong and straight trunk, and then added the beautiful branches, making sure the upper ones lifted gently towards the sun. Lost in my work, I jumped when I heard Mr. Weston speak up, “You’ve done a great job showing the strength of that tree on paper.” “Thanks,” I smiled, glancing up. As I drew the needles to the branches, Mr. Weston told me something I never knew about pines: If you plant the root ball too deep, the tree dies. Their roots grow out, not down—to get enough water and grow tall. “You have a good eye, Tessa.”With these words, Mr. Weston nodded goodbye. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: His words made me pause and think. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next Monday, I signed up for the camp. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】His words made me pause and think. As I reflected on his wisdom, I realized that I had been burying my own roots too deep, suffocating my growth and potential, no matter how often I was told about my talent in drawing. I had always unknowingly turned a deaf ear, forgetting to spread my roots outward, to seek nourishment and reach for the sky. Encouraged by Mr. Weston’ s words, I decided to reassess my approach to life and started branching out . The next Monday, I signed up for the camp. Once I was there, I discovered that I didn’t have to be like Emily, jumping into some unfamiliar faces around to prove I was a real artist. From landscapes to portraits, and water color to oil painting, each brushstroke on the canvas was proof and brought me a lot of attention I had never experienced before. I began to make friends with other kids, the boat in my stomach rocking gently in calm waters. It was here that I truly flourished, drawing my own way to reach out for a whole new world. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者有绘画天赋，想要参加艺术营，又因为很难像朋友艾米丽一样融入群体而不敢于去参与。作者在画松树的时候遇到了Weston老师，老师的话给了作者启发。作者意识到应该重新评估自己对于生活的态度。作者决定去参加艺术营，在画画的时候专心致志，交到了朋友，也接触了一个全新的世界。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他的话使我停下来思考。”可知，第一段可描写作者听了Weston老师的话之后对于自己生活态度的思考及想法的改变。 ②由第二段首句内容“下个星期一，我报名参加了艺术营。”可知，第二段可描写作者参加艺术营的经历和感受。 2.续写线索：引发思考——态度转变——决定参加艺术营——经历——感受 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/be aware ②决定做某事：decide to do/make up one’s mind to do 发现：discover/spot 情绪类 ①受鼓舞的：encouraged/inspired ②平静的：calm/peaceful 【点睛】[高分句型1]. As I reflected on his wisdom, I realized that I had been burying my own roots too deep, suffocating my growth and potential, no matter how often I was told about my talent in drawing.（由as，no matter how引导的状语从句，that引导的宾语从句和现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]. From landscapes to portraits, and water color to oil painting, each brushstroke on the canvas was proof and brought me a lot of attention I had never experienced before.（attention为先行词，省略关系代词的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$