Unit 7 Section A 3a～4c 教学设计 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 7 Section A 3a~4c教学设计2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册 一、教学背景分析 本课时是人教版八年级下册Unit 7 "What's the highest mountain in the world?" Section A 3a~4c的内容,属于“人与自我”主题下的“自然与环境”子主题。教材通过阅读文本介绍世界著名地理特征(珠穆朗玛峰、尼罗河、里海),引导学生学习用英语描述地理数据(高度、长度、深度、人口等),并掌握比较级和最高级的应用。学生已在Section A 1a~2d中学习了基础词汇(mountain, desert, population等)和句型(What's the highest...? It's...meters high.),本课时需进一步提升阅读策略运用能力和语言输出能力。 二、核心素养目标 (一)语言能力:能准确认读和运用描述地理特征的词汇(包括mountain, desert, population, square, deep等);能运用“has a population of...”, “It is...meters high/long/deep”等句型描述地理数据;能通过阅读获取并整合关键信息,用英语简要介绍世界著名地理特征。 (二)文化意识:通过了解世界著名地理景观(如珠穆朗玛峰的攀登文化、尼罗河对埃及文明的意义),感受自然与人类文明的关系,增强保护自然的意识;通过对比中外地理知识,培养跨文化认知能力。 (三)思维品质:能通过分析阅读文本中的数据信息(如高度、长度、面积),归纳地理特征的描述规律;能运用比较级和最高级对不同地理特征进行逻辑比较(如“Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain.”);能基于文本信息提出合理问题(如“Why is climbing Qomolangma dangerous?”),发展批判性思维。 (四)学习能力:能运用扫读(skimming)获取文本主旨,跳读(scanning)提取具体数据;能通过小组合作完成信息整理和口语输出任务,提升合作学习能力;能通过反思阅读中的难点(如长句理解、数据对比),制定个性化学习策略。 三、教学重难点 (一)教学重点: 1. 掌握描述地理特征的核心词汇和句型(population, square, deep; “have a population of...”, “It is...meters high/long/deep”)。 2. 通过阅读获取并整合地理数据信息(高度、长度、面积、人口),用英语准确描述。 3. 正确使用比较级和最高级进行地理特征对比(如“Nile is longer than any other river in the world.”)。 (二)教学难点: 1. 区分“population”的提问方式(“What's the population of...?”而非“How much is the population...?”)。 2. 理解并运用“as...as”结构进行同级比较(如“Caspian Sea is almost as big as Texas.”)。 3. 通过阅读文本分析地理现象的原因(如“为什么攀登珠峰很危险?”),发展深层理解能力。 四、教学准备 1. 多媒体设备:准备世界地图、珠穆朗玛峰攀登视频(30秒)、尼罗河风光图片。 2. 阅读材料:放大的3a文本(A Few Interesting Facts About the World)。 3. 任务卡:设计“地理信息整理表”(包含名称、类型、数据、特征描述四列)。 4. 单词卡片:制作population, square, deep, desert等核心词汇的图文卡片。 5. 评价量表:小组合作评价表(包含信息提取准确性、语言表达流畅度、合作参与度三项指标,每项15分)。 五、教学过程(总时长40分钟) (一)导入与情境创设(5分钟) 1. 真实情境创设:教师展示“世界地理小达人竞赛”海报,说:“同学们,下个月学校将举办‘世界地理小达人’竞赛,需要选拔3名选手。今天我们先进行初赛,看看谁能成为‘地理小达人’!首先,我们来热热身——猜猜这些地理奇观!” 2. 图片猜谜活动: (1)展示珠穆朗玛峰图片,提问:“What's this? Do you know its height?”(学生可能回答:“It's a mountain. Maybe 8,000 meters high?”) (2)展示尼罗河图片,提问:“What's the longest river in the world? Do you know its length?”(学生可能回答:“Nile River. About 6,670 kilometers long.”) (3)展示里海图片,提问:“What's the biggest salt lake in the world? How big is it?”(学生可能回答:“Caspian Sea. It's very big.”) 3. 教师小结:“大家对世界地理有一定了解!但要成为‘地理小达人’,我们需要更准确的信息和更流利的英语表达。今天我们将通过一篇阅读文章,学习如何用英语描述这些地理特征。” (二)读前活动:激活背景知识与词汇学习(8分钟) 1. 词汇预学:教师展示单词卡片,通过图片和例句讲解核心词汇: (1)population(人口):展示中国和印度人口数据图,提问:“What's the population of China? It's about 1.4 billion.” 强调提问方式:“What's the population of...?”(学生跟读例句:“What's the population of India? It's about 1.35 billion.”) (2)square(平方):展示1平方米的纸板,说:“This is a square meter. A square kilometer is 1,000 meters by 1,000 meters.” 例句:“The area is 10 square kilometers.”(学生用“square”描述教室面积:“Our classroom is about 60 square meters.”) (3)deep(深的):展示水杯和水桶,提问:“Which is deeper, the cup or the bucket? The bucket is deeper.” 例句:“The river is 5 meters deep.”(学生用“deep”描述游泳池:“The swimming pool is 2 meters deep.”) (4)desert(沙漠):展示撒哈拉沙漠图片,说:“This is the Sahara, the biggest desert in the world.”(学生翻译:“撒哈拉是世界上最大的沙漠。”) 2. 预测文本内容:教师展示3a标题“A Few Interesting Facts About the World”,提问:“What do you think the passage will talk about? (Possible answers: mountains, rivers, lakes, deserts...)” 学生分组讨论,每组派代表分享预测(如:“I think it will talk about the highest mountain, the longest river and the biggest lake.”)。 (三)读中活动:分层阅读与信息提取(15分钟) 1. 略读(Skimming):获取文本主旨(3分钟) (1)任务要求:“快速阅读3a,找出文章主要介绍了哪几个地理特征。” (2)学生活动:学生默读文本,用下划线标出地理名称。教师巡视指导,提示注意段落首句。 (3)反馈与总结:学生回答(Qomolangma, Nile River, Caspian Sea, Sahara Desert),教师板书关键词并总结:“The passage introduces four geographical features: the highest mountain, the longest river, the biggest salt lake and the biggest desert.” 2. 跳读(Scanning):提取具体数据(6分钟) (1)任务要求:“再次阅读3a,完成‘地理信息整理表’(如表1),注意数据的单位(meters, kilometers, square kilometers)。” 表1 地理信息整理表 | 名称 | 类型 | 数据(高度/长度/面积) | 特征描述(关键句) | |-|-|-|-| | Qomolangma | mountain | 8,844.43 meters | The highest mountain in the world. | | Nile River | river | 6,671 kilometers | The longest river in the world. | | Caspian Sea | salt lake | 371,000 square kilometers | The biggest salt lake in the world.| | Sahara Desert | desert | about 9,600,000 square kilometers | The biggest desert in the world. | (2)学生活动:学生分组合作,每人负责一个地理特征,用荧光笔标出数据句。教师提示:“注意数字和单位,如‘8,844.43 meters high’中的‘meters high’。” (3)反馈与纠错:教师展示学生填写的表格,纠正错误(如将“Nile River”的长度误写为“6,670 kilometers”,需强调文本中是“6,671 kilometers”),并讲解数据的准确性重要性:“地理数据需要精确,这是‘地理小达人’的基本要求!” 3. 细读(Intensive Reading):分析语言与深层理解(6分钟) (1)语言点解析: ① “Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.”(比较级的用法) 提问:“Why use ‘any other mountain’ instead of ‘any mountain’?(引导学生理解:珠峰属于“mountain”范畴,用“any other”排除自身,避免逻辑错误。) 学生练习:用同样结构描述尼罗河(“Nile is longer than any other river in the world.”)。 ② “The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.”(最高级的用法) 提问:“What's the structure of superlative degree?(形容词最高级前加the,比较范围用‘of all...’或‘in...’。) 学生造句:“The Sahara is the biggest of all the deserts.” ③ “What's the population of China? It has a population of about 1.4 billion.”(population的用法) 提问:“Can we say ‘How much is the population of China’?(引导学生明确:population用“What's...”提问,不用“How much”;修饰词用“large/small”,如“a large population”。) 学生练习:“What's the population of India? It has a population of about 1.35 billion.” (2)深层理解: 提问:“Why is climbing Qomolangma dangerous? Find the reasons in the passage.”(学生找出:“Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.”) 小组讨论:“If you want to climb Qomolangma, what preparation do you need?(学生可能回答:“Warm clothes, oxygen tanks, training...”)教师补充:“Climbers also need physical strength and mental courage.” (四)读后活动:语言输出与思维拓展(10分钟) 1. 任务一:“地理小达人”介绍(5分钟) (1)任务要求:“选择一个地理特征(珠峰、尼罗河、里海、撒哈拉沙漠),用以下句型进行介绍,时间1分钟: “_ is the _ (highest/longest/biggest) _ (mountain/river/lake/desert) in the world. It is _ (meters/kilometers/square kilometers) _ (high/long/big). Climbing it is dangerous because.../It is important because...” (2)学生活动:学生先独立准备,然后小组内预演,教师巡视指导(纠正语法错误,如遗漏“the”或“of”)。 (3)展示与评价:每组派1名代表展示,其他学生用评价量表打分(如:信息准确3分,语言流畅2分,表情自然1分)。教师点评优秀展示(如:“Lucy介绍珠峰时,准确用了‘8,844.43 meters high’和‘freezing weather conditions’,非常专业!”)。 2. 任务二:对比与讨论(5分钟) (1)任务要求:“对比中国的地理特征(如长江、青海湖、塔克拉玛干沙漠)与文本中的世界地理特征,用比较级或最高级进行描述。例如:‘Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River, but it's shorter than the Nile River.’” (2)学生活动:学生分组讨论,教师提供中国地理数据(长江:6,300 km;青海湖:4,543 km ;塔克拉玛干沙漠:330,000 km )。小组记录员整理句子,如: “Qinghai Lake is smaller than the Caspian Sea, but it's the biggest salt lake in China.” “Taklimakan Desert is smaller than the Sahara Desert, but it's the biggest desert in China.” (3)反馈与拓展:教师展示学生句子,强调“in China”与“in the world”的比较范围差异,提问:“Why is it important to know both Chinese and world geography?(学生可能回答:“It helps us understand the world better and love our country more.”)教师总结:“地理连接着我们的家园和世界,了解它能让我们更懂得保护自然。” (五)总结与作业布置(2分钟) 1. 课堂总结:教师引导学生回顾核心内容(如表2),强调“地理小达人”的三个要点:准确的数据、正确的句型、清晰的表达。 表2 课堂总结表 | 维度 | 关键点 | |-|-| | 词汇 | population, square, deep, desert | | 句型 | “What's the population of...? It has a population of...”, “...is...meters high/long.” | | 语法 | 比较级(than any other...),最高级(the...of all...) | 2. 作业布置: (1)基础作业:背诵3a中的关键句(如描述珠峰和尼罗河的句子),完成教材4c练习(用所给词的适当形式填空)。 (2)拓展作业:收集中国地理特征数据(如最高山、最长河、最大湖),制作“中国地理小卡片”,用英语标注名称、类型、数据和特征。 (3)实践作业:和家人分享“世界地理小知识”,用英语介绍一个地理特征(如珠峰),录制1分钟视频(可选)。 六、随堂练习 (一)词汇填空(难度 ) 1. The _ (人口) of this city is about 5 million. 2. The Pacific Ocean is very _ (深的)—over 10,000 meters. 3. The Sahara is the biggest _ (沙漠) in the world. 4. This park is 100 _ (平方) kilometers in area. (二)句型转换(难度 ) 1. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters high.(对划线部分提问) _ _ is Qomolangma? 2. Nile River is the longest river in the world.(改为比较级) Nile River is longer than _ _ river in the world. 3. Caspian Sea has an area of 371,000 square kilometers.(同义句转换) The _ of Caspian Sea is 371,000 square kilometers. (三)阅读理解(难度 ,文本节选自3a) Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It is 8,844.43 meters high. Climbing Qomolangma is very dangerous because of the freezing weather and heavy storms. But many climbers risk their lives to climb it. 问题: 1. How high is Qomolangma? 2. Why is climbing Qomolangma dangerous? 3. Do many climbers want to climb Qomolangma? (答案:1. 8,844.43 meters. 2. Because of the freezing weather and heavy storms. 3. Yes, they do.) 七、板书设计 Unit 7 Section A 3a~4c: A Few Interesting Facts About the World 一、核心词汇 population(人口)—What's the population of...? square(平方)—10 square kilometers deep(深的)—5 meters deep desert(沙漠)—the Sahara Desert 二、关键句型 1. ...is the highest/longest/biggest... in the world. 2. It is...meters high/kilometers long/square kilometers big. 3. ...is higher than any other... 三、地理特征 Qomolangma (8,844.43m) highest mountain Nile River (6,671km) longest river Caspian Sea (371,000km ) biggest salt lake Sahara Desert (9,600,000km ) biggest desert 八、设计思路 本课时以“世界地理小达人竞赛”为真实情境,贯穿“导入读前-读中-读后”全过程,激发学生的学习兴趣。读前通过词汇预学和预测活动激活背景知识;读中通过略读、跳读、细读分层训练阅读策略,重点突破数据提取和语言点分析;读后通过“地理介绍”和“对比讨论”活动,实现语言输出和思维拓展。练习设计分层递进(词汇 句型 阅读),符合八年级学生的认知水平。同时,结合中国地理知识,培养学生的家国情怀和跨文化意识,落实核心素养目标。 九、教学反思(预设) (一)预期效果:学生能准确提取文本中的地理数据,运用“has a population of...”“...meters high”等句型进行描述,正确使用比较级和最高级 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$