精品解析：上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

华东师大二附中2024学年第二学期期中考试卷 高二 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 卷面满分：140分） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. It is low in quality. B. Its price is too high. C. It is worth the price. D. It needs washing by hand. 2. A. Try a vegetarian diet. B. Find a new roommate. C Look for a well-paid job. D. Engage in physical exercise. 3. A. They wouldn’t mind taking a bus. B. Someone would drive them home. C. They wouldn’t be able to find a phone. D. Their friends would take them to the beach. 4. A. It is a hot topic. B. It is surrounded by plants. C. It is designed by a gamer. D. It is located in the rural area. 5. A. He finds his violin is out of tune now. B. He’s too old to begin studying the violin. C. He has worked as a violinist for a long time. D. He probably lost some of his skills on the violin. 6. A. She is a great play writer. B. She has just opened a Pandora’s box. C. She finished the whole season in a night. D. She is inviting the man to watch TV with her. 7. A. He will see the exhibit after June. B. He can see the exhibit before it closes. C. He visited the new exhibition several times. D. He wants to exhibit his work at the Student Center. 8. A. She is in favour of the man’s plan. B. Her mobile phone needs recharging. C. Her social media accounts are also deleted. D. She thinks the man says too much but does too little. 9. A. He was absent last seek. B. He didn’t win the first prize. C. He canceled the speech contest. D. He didn’t take part in the speech contest. 10. A. He succeeds because of luck rather than persistence. B. He has always been dreaming of travelling to the moon. C. He has never given up on his startup despite the difficulties. D. He invests a lot of money in a company related to space travel. Section B Directions: I Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It draws them to her dancing studio. B. It provides them with a chance to socialize. C. It prepares them to be professional dancers. D. It makes them more attractive than young people. 12. A. To illustrate why people dance. B. To describe the steps of traditional dances. C. To explain the origin of a popular dance style. D. To compare traditional dances with modem ones. 13. A. To introduce a famous dancer. B. To show the benefit of dancing. C. To recommend a way to practice dancing. D. To challenge the public opinion of dancing. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Economic growth patterns that succeed in Africa. B. African countries that can buy their way out of hunger. C. The impact of climate change on food supply in Africa. D. The shift of crop farming in Africa due to climate change. 15. A. Potential population growth in Africa. B. The production of six major food crops. C. Serious food shortages all over the world. D. The increase in starving African countries. 16. A. They might struggle with the high cost of agricultural inputs. B. They might be able to increase their purchasing power. C. They might experience severe challenges in food security. D They might face population decline in the following years. Questions 17 through 20 are based’on the following conversation. 17. A. Predicting dreams. B. Scanning the brain C. Guessing what people see. D. Rebuilding viewed images. 18. A. Developing new scanning devices for the brain. B. Tracking long-term changes in brain chemistry. C. Identifying brain activity patterns. D. Predicting the recovery time of brain-injured patients. 19. A. Fully satisfied. B. Close to perfection. C. Basic but promising. D. Revolutionary but impractical. 20. A. Finding subjects. B. Private investment. C. Improper application. D. Constructing facilities. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Faster-than-light Travel Space is…big. Any story that involves characters ____1____ (go) across it needs to come up with a way to address the vast distances between galaxies (星系). There are a few ways that sci-fi writers get around this problem of moving their main characters from one point in space to ____2____ including wormholes and faster-than-light travel. Travelling at the speed of light — around 300,000km (186,000 miles) per second — would allow you ____3____ (circumnavigate) Earth 7.5 times in a single second and get you to the surface of the Sun in a little over 8 minutes. But your journey to Earth’s ____4____ (near) neighbouring star system, Alpha Centauri, some 40, 000 billion kilometres away, would take just under 4 years and 3 months. ____5____ faster-than-light travel was an option, though, you could explore the whole Universe. Unfortunately, not only is it impossible for anything to go faster than the speed of light, but according to Einstein’s special theory of relativity only things with zero mass at rest, ____6____ photons (光子), can travel at the speed of light. Things with mass, like us and spaceships, will always ____7____ travel at slower-than-light speeds. There are ways in which science-fiction writers ____8____ (attempt) to explain away faster-than-light travel over the past few decades, however. The movie Event Horizon explores ____9____ a 2074 spacecraft could effectively travel faster than light by folding the fabric of space on itself, thereby creating a means of travelling across the Universe in an instant. Interestingly, it’s possible that the speed of light hasn’t always been constant. Observations suggest that there were different wavelengths of light billions of years ago. Some have even assumed that this could support the notion of extra space dimensions ____10____ the laws of physics are different. Maybe, then, we could one day enter the hyperspace dimension to visit a galaxy far, far away… 【答案】1. going 2. another 3. to circumnavigate 4. nearest 5. If 6. like 7. have to 8. have attempted##have been attempting 9. how 10. where 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些探索宇宙太空的科学知识。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：任何涉及角色穿越的故事都需要想出一种方法来解决星系之间的巨大距离。involves sb doing sth，意为“使某人参与做某事”，所以是现在分词作补足语。故填going。 【2题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：科幻作家有几种方法可以解决将主角从太空中的一个点移动到另一个点的问题，包括虫洞和超光速旅行。固定搭配from one…to another，表示“从一个到另一个”。故填another。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：以每秒30万公里（18.6万英里）的光速旅行，你可以在一秒钟内绕地球7.5圈，并在8分钟多一点的时间内到达太阳表面。allow sb to do sth结构“允许某人干某事”，需用不定式作宾补。故填to circumnavigate。 【4题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：但是，你到距离地球最近的恒星系统——半人马座阿尔法星——大约40万亿公里远的旅程，只需要不到4年零3个月的时间。根据语境，比邻星是地球最近的恒星系统，需用最高级nearest。故填nearest。 【5题详解】 考查连词。句意：然而，如果超光速旅行是一种选择，你就可以探索整个宇宙。引导条件状语从句，表示假设“如果”。句首字母大写，故填If。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：不幸的是，不仅任何物体都不可能超过光速，而且根据爱因斯坦的狭义相对论，只有静止质量为零的物体，比如光子，才能以光速运动。此处举例说明“只有静止质量为零的物体（如光子）”，用介词like表示“例如”。故填like。 【7题详解】 考查情态动词短语。句意：有质量的物体，比如人类和宇宙飞船，只能以亚光速旅行。表示“必须”，和will搭配，have to符合语境“有质量的物体只能以亚光速旅行”。故填have to。 【8题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，在过去的几十年里，科幻作家们试图用一些方法来解释超光速旅行的存在。根据时间状语over the past few decades可知，可用现在完成时，表示过去开始的动作持续到现在，或用现在完成进行时，表示此动作有可能一直持续下去。主谓一致，故填have attempted/have been attempting。 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：电影《事件视界》（Event Horizon）探索了2074年一艘宇宙飞船如何通过折叠空间结构来实现比光速更快的旅行，从而创造了一种瞬间穿越宇宙的方式。引导宾语从句，表示“如何”，“探讨了如何通过折叠空间实现超光速旅行”，故填how。 【10题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：有些人甚至认为，这可能支持额外空间维度的概念，那里的物理定律不同。定语从句修饰先行词dimensions，表示“在这些维度中物理定律不同”，作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. automatically B. bubble C. counting D. glances E. hooked F. indirectly G. measuring H. practices I. universal J. unique K viral Morning Routines: Why We Can’t Look Away Everyone has a morning routine but yours likely doesn’t start before 4 a. m. or include spending hours drinking fancy water or jumping into a rooftop pool. Still, you might be one of the millions who watched the ____11____ video of a fitness trainer’s well-crafted morning routine, now with over 741 million views on the social media. While many have assumed the video is marketing for a certain product, it’s understandable to be fascinated by ____12____ at other people’s habits. “For better or for worse, it is in our nature to compare ourselves to others,” says Raphael Wald. “It is difficult for us as people to appreciate our successes without using others as a ____13____ tape.” Many competing feelings can arise during social comparison: Envy, admiration, motivation and fear of missing out. But often, shame and inadequacy ____14____ up to the top. The video is the latest in a series of morning habits shared on social media, all gaining millions of views. This fascination with others’ routines is nothing new. People have been ____15____ on how famous, successful figures spend their mornings for centuries. Benjamin Franklin wrote about his morning routine in his autobiography in the late 1700s, describing how he woke up at 5 a.m., set intentions for the day, read, and studied. In his 1854 book Walden, Henry David Thoreau discussed going for a swim during the “awakening hour.” These old-fashioned ____16____ have even aroused interest now; people in the present day are posting about their experiences trying, for instance, “The daily routine of the original Benjamin Franklin.” Mornings are a “____17____” experience, says Ben Bernstein. Everyone wakes up, gets dressed, and usually eats breakfast. Then, they go about their day, which is more ____18____. “There’s a moment in time where people are doing similar things,” he says. It can feel predictable, so it’s often appealing to see how others spend that time. “We’re actually kind of living ____19____ through that person: If we have a routine and we follow these steps, then life can be smooth and free of stress,” Bernstein says. Research shows that morning routines can ease stress and increase energy. But routines should be tailored to your needs and lifestyle, says Dr. Alex Dimitriu. There’s no “secret sauce” for morning habits that will ____20____ help you become like someone you admire. Videos may be fun to watch, but Dimitriu urges taking them with “a grain of salt.” 【答案】11. K 12. D 13. G 14. B 15. E 16. H 17. I 18. J 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕人们对他人早晨习惯视频的关注展开，探讨了这种现象背后的原因，指出早晨习惯虽有一定益处，但应根据个人情况定制。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，你可能是数百万观看了一位健身教练精心打造的早晨习惯的热门视频的人之一，该视频在社交媒体上的浏览量现已超过7.41亿次。分析句子可知，空格处需填入一个形容词来修饰名词video。viral意为“像病毒般扩散的，广为传播的”，viral video是常见搭配，结合后文提到的超高浏览量，viral符合语境，能体现出这个视频的火爆程度。故选K项。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：虽然很多人认为这个视频是为某一产品做营销，但人们会被看别人的习惯所吸引，这是可以理解的。 分析句子可知，介词by后面需要一个名词，glances在这里构成固定短语glances at，意为“瞥一眼，看一下”，“be fascinated by glances at other people’s habits”表示“被看别人习惯这件事所吸引”，符合文意。故选D项。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：拉斐尔·沃尔德说：“不管是好是坏，拿自己和别人作比较是我们的天性。对我们人类来说，如果不把别人当作衡量标准，就很难欣赏自己的成功。” 分析句子可知，空格处需要一个词来修饰tape，measuring tape是“卷尺”的意思，这里将他人比作衡量自己成功的“卷尺”，形象地表达了人们在社会比较中以他人为参照的行为，现在分词measuring符合要求。故选G项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：但在社会比较中，羞耻和不足的感觉往往会浮现出来。分析句子可知，空格处需要一个动词，bubble up是固定短语，意为“涌现，冒出”，bubble up to the top表示这些负面情绪占据主导，符合语境。故选B项。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直着迷于著名的成功人士如何度过他们的早晨。分析句子可知，be动词后面需要一个形容词，be hooked on是固定搭配，意为“对……着迷，上瘾”，结合前文人们对他人早晨习惯视频的关注，hooked符合文意。 故选E项。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些老式的习惯做法如今甚至还引起了人们的兴趣；如今，人们正在发布关于他们尝试，比如“本杰明·富兰克林最初的日常习惯”的经历。根据前面的These以及语境，这里需要一个名词复数，practices有“习惯，惯例，做法”的意思，These old-fashioned practices表示“这些老式的习惯做法”，符合语境。 故选H项。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：本·伯恩斯坦说，早晨是一种“普遍的”体验。分析句子可知，空格处需要一个形容词来修饰experience，根据后文“Everyone wakes up, gets dressed, and usually eats breakfast.”可知，每个人早上都会做这些事，说明这是一种普遍的经历，universal意为“普遍的，通用的”，符合要求。故选I项。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然后，他们开始一天的生活，这更具独特性。分析句子可知，空格处需要一个形容词作表语，前文提到早上大家做的事情有相似性，是普遍的经历，而白天的活动更具个人特色，unique意为“独特的，独一无二的”，与前面的普遍形成对比，符合逻辑。故选J项。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：伯恩斯坦说：“实际上，我们是通过那个人间接地体验生活：如果我们有一套日常习惯并遵循这些步骤，那么生活就会顺利且没有压力。” 分析句子可知，空格处需要一个副词来修饰动词living，indirectly意为“间接地”，结合语境，我们通过看别人的早晨习惯视频，间接体验到遵循这些步骤可能带来的生活状态，indirectly符合文意。故选F项。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：没有一种早晨习惯的“秘诀”能自动地帮助你变得像你钦佩的人。分析句子可知，空格处需要一个副词来修饰动词help，automatically意为“自动地，自然而然地”，结合前文提到早晨习惯应根据个人需求定制，说明没有一种方法能让你自动变成你钦佩的人，automatically符合语境。 故选A项。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Real Life, Great Stories With any kind of writing, it can be difficult to decide what should go in and what should be left out. However, when you are telling stories from real life — creative ____21____— that task becomes even harder because your source material is vast and complicated. Having decided the story you want to tell, it’s all too ____22____ to drift from the narrative path or to slow the pace by adding too much detail and description, so that you risk losing the reader. ____23____, when it comes to redrafting, you may have to be particularly brutal (直截了当的) in killing your darlings. “Killing your darlings” means cutting any ____24____ material, from words and sentences to complete scenes, and it’s hard because these will often be parts you have put great time, thought and care into crafting. Arthur Quiller-Couch ____25____ the phrase in his 1916 book On the Art of Writing: If you here require a practical ____26____ of me, I will present you with this: “Whenever you feel an impulse to perpetrate (作) a piece of exceptionally fine writing, obey your impulse — whole-heartedly — and ____27____ it before sending your manuscript to press. Murder your darlings.” It helps if you come to redrafting with a ____28____ mindset, regarding it as an ongoing part of the creative process rather than a red-pen exercise. The other thing that helps is if you always save a copy of your current version before you start polishing it, then nothing is irrevocably (无法改变地) lost, and that frees you to ____29____ big changes in the creative spirit of play. With any kind of story, there are always _____30_____ issues that need redrafting, because when you set out you don’t know exactly what the story will be. Fresh ideas come in along the way, and unexpected possibilities. As well as tightening the plot, sometimes a(n) _____31_____ will emerge through the writing, so you gradually understand, ‘Ah — so this is what I’m writing about,’ and you will want to foreground that theme and cut parts that don’t _____32_____ its development. When it comes to the _____33_____, the voice of the story develops and becomes stronger through the writing too, so on redrafting you will be looking at word and sentence level changes, especially in the early chapters. At the redrafting stage, you will have whole scenes that don’t develop the themes or don’t fit with voice of your story. You might be able to _____34_____ them into a new book project or publish them on blogging platforms, but whatever happens to them, they have contributed to your experience and development as a writer. Let _____35_____ go. 21. A. thinking B. sci-fi C. draft D. non-fiction 22. A. easy B. complicated C. appropriate D. late 23. A. For these reasons B. In spite of that C. By contrast D. For example 24. A. beloved B. delicate C. irrelevant D. offensive 25. A. simplified B. coined C. abandoned D. trialed 26. A. phrase B. sample C. lifestyle D. rule 27. A. revise B. conduct C. delete D. expose 28. A. contradictory B. neutral C. rebellious D. positive 29. A. experiment with B. substitute for C. impose on D. conflict with 30. A. unceasing B. structural C. literate D. grammatical 31. A. peak B. theme C. motivation. D. issue 32. A. contribute to B. result from C. dispose of D. slow down 33. A. literary fame B. text structure C. fine detail D. book review 34. A. reverse B. recycle C. ease D. divide 35. A. yourself B. him C. everything D. them 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在创作基于现实生活的故事时，决定故事内容和重写故事的相关要点，包括避免偏离叙事路径、删减无关内容、以积极心态重写、处理结构问题、突出主题以及舍弃不适合的部分等。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当你讲述来自现实生活的故事——创造性的非虚构作品时——这项任务变得更加困难，因为你的素材广阔而复杂。A. thinking思考；B. sci-fi科幻小说；C. draft草稿；D. non-fiction非虚构作品。根据上文“telling stories from real life”可知，上文提到了讲述的是基于现实生活的故事，也就是非虚构作品，故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你决定了你想讲述的故事后，很容易偏离叙事路径，或者通过添加过多的细节和描述来放慢节奏，这样你就有可能失去读者。A. easy容易的；B. complicated复杂的；C. appropriate合适的；D. late晚的。根据下文“drift from the narrative path or to slow the pace by adding too much detail and description, so that you risk losing the reader”可知，添加过多细节和描述导致可能失去读者，说明偏离叙事路径是很容易发生的，故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：出于这些原因，当涉及到重写时，你可能不得不直截了当地删掉你心爱的内容。A. For these reasons出于这些原因；B. In spite of that尽管那样；C. By contrast相比之下；D. For example例如。根据上文“it’s all too… to drift from the narrative path or to slow the pace by adding too much detail and description, so that you risk losing the reader”以及下文“when it comes to redrafting, you may have to be particularly brutal (直截了当的) in killing your darlings”可知，上文说的是添加过多细节和描述导致可能失去读者，下文说的是当涉及到重写时，你可能不得不直截了当地删掉你心爱的内容，上下文之间为因果关系，上文为原因，下文为结果，故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“杀掉你心爱的内容”意味着删除任何无关的素材，从单词和句子到完整的场景，这很难，因为这些往往是你投入了大量时间、思考和精力去构思的部分。A. beloved心爱的；B. delicate精致的；C. irrelevant无关的；D. offensive冒犯的。根据下文“from words and sentences to complete scenes, and it’s hard because these will often be parts you have put great time, thought and care into crafting”可知，下文提到了从单词和句子到完整的场景，还提到了做这件事很难，因为这些往往是你投入了大量时间、思考和精力去构思的部分，可推理出这里说的是删除与故事无关的内容，故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚瑟・奎勒 - 库奇在他1916年的《写作的艺术》一书中创造了这个短语：如果你在这里需要我给出一个实用的规则，我会告诉你这个：“每当你有冲动创作出一段特别精彩的文字时，全心全意地听从你的冲动 —— 并且在将手稿付印之前删掉它。杀掉你心爱的内容。”A. simplified简化；B. coined创造；C. abandoned放弃；D. trialed试验。根据下文“the phrase”以及“in his 1916 book On the Art of Writing”可知，下文提到了短语，还提到了1916年的《写作的艺术》这本书，可推理出此处说的是亚瑟・奎勒 - 库奇在他1916年的《写作的艺术》一书中创造了这个短语，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第5题。A. phrase短语；B. sample样本；C. lifestyle生活方式；D. rule规则。根据“Whenever you feel an impulse to perpetrate (作) a piece of exceptionally fine writing, obey your impulse — whole-heartedly — and...it before sending your manuscript to press. Murder your darlings.”可知，这是亚瑟・奎勒 - 库奇给出的一个实用的规则，故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第5题。A. revise修改；B. conduct实施；C. delete删除；D. expose暴露。根据上文“‘Killing your darlings’ means cutting any…material”以及“before sending your manuscript to press. Murder your darlings”可知，上文提到了“Killing your darlings”的意思是删掉材料，下文说的是在把手稿送印之前，而且又一次提到了“Killing your darlings”，可推理出这里说的是在付印之前删掉一些内容，故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你以积极的心态进行重写，把它看作是创作过程中持续的一部分，而不是一次用红笔批改的练习，这会很有帮助。A. contradictory矛盾的；B. neutral中立的；C. rebellious叛逆的；D. positive积极的。根据“regarding it as an ongoing part of the creative process rather than a red-pen exercise”可知，把重写看作创作过程的一部分，这种心态是积极的，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一件有帮助的事情是，在你开始润色之前，总是保存一份当前版本的副本，这样就没有什么会不可挽回地丢失，这让你能够以创作的精神尝试重大改变。A. experiment with尝试；B. substitute for代替；C. impose on强加于；D. conflict with与……冲突。根据下文“big changes in the creative spirit of play”可知，下文提到了重大改变，还提到了以创作的精神，可推理出此处说的是保存副本后可以自由地尝试一些重大改变，故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于任何一种故事，总是存在结构问题需要重写，因为当你开始时，你并不确切知道这个故事将会是什么样的。A. unceasing不断的；B. structural结构的；C. literate有读写能力的；D. grammatical语法的。根据“because when you set out you don’t know exactly what the story will be. Fresh ideas come in along the way, and unexpected possibilities”可知，开始时不确定故事内容，过程中有新想法和可能性，所以会存在结构问题需要重写，故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了收紧情节外，有时在写作过程中会出现一个主题，所以你会逐渐明白，“啊——所以这就是我正在写的内容”，并且你会想要突出这个主题，删掉那些对其发展没有贡献的部分。A. peak顶峰；B. theme主题；C. motivation动机；D. issue问题。根据下文“so you gradually understand, ‘Ah — so this is what I’m writing about,’ and you will want to foreground that theme”可知，下文提到了你在写作过程中会逐渐发现你真正想要写的东西，且想要突出这个主题，可推理出此处说的是有时在写作过程中会出现一个主题，故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同第11题。A. contribute to有助于；B. result from由……引起；C. dispose of处理；D. slow down放慢速度。根据上文“cut parts”以及下文“its development”可知，上文说的是删除部分，下文说的是主体发展，可推理出此处说的是要删掉对主题发展没有帮助的部分，故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：当涉及到细节时，故事的风格也会在写作过程中发展并变得更强，所以在重写时，你会关注单词和句子层面的变化，尤其是在早期章节中。A. literary fame文学声誉；B. text structure文本结构；C. fine detail细节；D. book review书评。根据下文“you will be looking at word and sentence level changes, especially in the early chapters”可知，下文说的是你会关注单词和句子层面的变化，尤其是在早期章节中，可推理出这里说的是关注单词和句子层面的变化，也就是细节方面，故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你也许能够将它们回收利用到一个新的书籍项目中，或者在博客平台上发表它们，但无论它们的命运如何，它们都为你作为一名作家的经验和发展做出了贡献。A. reverse颠倒；B. recycle回收利用；C. ease减轻；D. divide划分。根据上文“At the redrafting stage, you will have whole scenes that don’t develop the themes or don’t fit with voice of your story”以及下文“into a new book project or publish them on blogging platforms”可知，上文说的是在重写阶段，你会有一些完整的场景，这些场景既无法推动主题发展，也与你故事的风格不相符，下文说的是新的书籍项目中，或者在博客平台上发表它们，可推理出此处说的是你也许能够将它们回收利用到一个新的书籍项目中，或者在博客平台上发表它们，故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：让它们去吧。A. yourself你自己；B. him他；C. everything一切；D. them它们。根据上文“At the redrafting stage, you will have whole scenes that don’t develop the themes or don’t fit with voice of your story”可知，上文说的是在重写阶段，你会有一些完整的场景，这些场景既无法推动主题发展，也与你故事的风格不相符。再根据上文“but whatever happens to them, they have contributed to your experience and development as a writer.”可知，上文提到无论他们遭遇了什么，他们都为你的写作经验积累和个人发展做出了贡献，可推理出这里说的是让那些既无法推动主题发展，也与你故事的风格不相符的场景过去，故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) India’s Last Letter Writers When I was a child in Calcutta, I remember my mother writing letters for our domestic helper, Kailash, who had never been to school. The letters always began with “Dear son…” and included news about his family and instructions on how to use the money he sent. Many people from rural India, much like Kailash, once relied on professional letter writers to maintain contact with loved ones after moving to the cities in search of work. However, this once-vital profession is slowly disappearing Jagdish Sharma, one of the last remaining professional letter writers in Delhi, has not written a letter in over a decade. For 31 years, he worked just outside the Kashmere Gate post office, assisting a wide range of people in writing heartfelt letters. Sharma’s strengths lay not in complex tools, but in the basics: a solid grasp of language, neat handwriting, and a talent for translating people’s emotions into words. “People would tell me their stories,” he recalls, “and I would express them in my own words.” Sharma worked with other letter writers for years, assisting customers with forms, parcels, and, most importantly, communication with distant family. “I helped 70 to 80 people a day,” he says with quiet pride. Letter writing has played a significant role in Indian history for centuries. During the Mughal era, professional writers supported aristocrats (贵族) in managing their correspondence. Later, when the British introduced a formal postal system in 1854, services were established to assist those who were unable to read or write. In more recent years, however, changes in society quietly reshaped the need for traditional letter-writing services. As more people learned to read and write, and affordable mobile phones found their way into everyday life, the once-frequent visits to letter writers began to fade. By 2008, the Indian government officially recognized this shift, stating that the service was no longer considered essential. Sharma acknowledged that the decline had begun well before the government’s decision. As business declined, many of his colleagues either retired or sought employment elsewhere. Despite the changes, Sharma still visits the post office daily, except Sundays. “I have nowhere else to go,” he says. One afternoon, I found him preparing a parcel for a client, sewing it with skill, writing the address, and sealing it with a candle. His long-time client, Rekha Kumari — who had been coming to him for ten years — smiled as she showed me her mobile phone. “No,” she said, “I’ll call them myself now.” 36. Many rural Indians relied on professional letter writers because ________. A. they valued the personal and emotional touch of handwritten letters B. they lacked formal education and needed help to communicate C. they preferred letter writers’ solid grasp of language and expression D. mobile phones were not affordable for most people at that time 37. What led to the decline of professional letter writers? A. The government banned their services in 2008 B. People preferred face-to-face communication. C. Higher literacy and mobile phones reduced demand. D. Many-letter writers switched to other promising jobs. 38. What does the interaction between Sharma and Rekha in the final paragraph suggest? A. Phone calls prove cheaper and more convenient than writing letters. B. Kekha is forced to continue using Sharma’s services from loyalty. C. Sharma is actively updating his business with modern technologies . D. Technological advances have made letter-writing services outdated. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. Sympathy for the grassroot working class in India. B. The emergence of mobile phones in Indian literature. C. An appeal to the government to protect traditional craft. D The rise and fall of professional letter writers in India. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. D 39. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印度职业写信人这一职业的兴衰。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many people from rural India, much like Kailash, once relied on professional letter writers to maintain contact with loved ones after moving to the cities in search of work.(许多来自印度农村的人，和Kailash很像，他们为了谋生来到城市后，曾经依靠专业的书信代写人来与亲人保持联系。)”可知，许多印度农村人依赖专业书信代写人是因为他们缺乏正规教育，需要帮助进行沟通。故选B项。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“As more people learned to read and write, and affordable mobile phones found their way into everyday life, the once-frequent visits to letter writers began to fade.(随着越来越多的人学会读写，价格亲民的手机也走进了日常生活，人们曾经频繁光顾书信代写人的情况开始减少。)”可知，识字率提高和手机的出现减少了需求导致了专业书信代写人的衰落。故选C项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Despite the changes, Sharma still visits the post office daily, except Sundays. “I have nowhere else to go,” he says. One afternoon, I found him preparing a parcel for a client, sewing it with skill, writing the address, and sealing it with a candle. His long-time client, Rekha Kumari — who had been coming to him for ten years — smiled as she showed me her mobile phone. “No,” she said, “I’ll call them myself now.”(尽管情况发生了变化，Sharma仍然每天都去邮局，周日除外。“我无处可去，” 他说。一天下午，我看到他在为一位客户准备包裹，熟练地缝好，写好地址，然后用蜡烛封口。他的老客户Rekha Kumari已经找他十年了，她微笑着向我展示她的手机。“不，”她说，“我现在自己给他们打电话。”)”可知，最后一段中Sharma和Rekha的互动表明了技术进步使书信代写服务过时。故选D项。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章开篇讲述印度专业书信代写人曾经存在的必要性，中间介绍其工作内容和在历史上的作用，后面阐述因社会变化导致这一职业逐渐衰落，整体围绕印度专业书信代写人的兴衰展开可知，这篇文章主要讲了印度专业书信代写人的兴衰。故选D项。 (B) Lost your spark (活力)? It’s time to get it back Hi, I’m Dr Christine Wu-MD, Lifestyle Medicine Expert. I specialize in helping women in midlife rediscover their energy, confidence, and purpose with a unique combination of science and soul. Dr Wu Wellness _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ? You wake up feeling drained, battling tiredness and body aches, and riding the unpredictable waves of midlife. You’ve lost touch with the lively, confident woman you once were — your joy, passion, and sense of purpose feel out of reach. You’re doing all the “right” things — eating healthily, staying active, managing stress — but your body isn’t responding the way you want. Your anxiety, overwhelm, and loneliness have taken center stage, leaving you wondering, “Is this how life is now?” It doesn’t have to feel this way. And you don’t have to navigate this alone. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ? Monthly Wellness Themes Explore powerful topics like hormone balance, stress relief, and self-discovery — because wellness deserves to be your priority. Seasonal Support for Mind & Body Nourish (滋养) your body with energizing movement practices, and soul-soothing meditations (冥想) to nourish your spirit, Live “Fireside Chats” with Dr Wu Join conversations on the topics that matter most, with space to connect and ask questions — your exclusive access to Dr Wu. Guided Practices & Tools Discover powerful meditations, uplifting intentions, and practical strategies to effortlessly weave wellness into daily life. Private Online Community Connect with like-minded women on the same journey — share wins, challenges, and mutual support. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Unleash your inner power with the Savvy Soul Circle! The transformation you’ve been craving starts here. Visit doctorwuwellness.com and be the first to know when Savvy Soul Circle launches. 40. The underlined word sanctuary is closest in meaning to ________. A. harbour B. schedule C. resolution D. ambition 41. Three of the following four subheadings are missing in the passage: ① Does This Sound Familiar? ② From Symptoms to Diagnosis ③ Here’s What’s Waiting for You ④ Welcome to the Savvy Soul Circle Which of the following is arranged in correct order from top to bottom? A. ②→③→① B. ③→②→④ C. ①→④→③ D. ④→③→② 42. The passage is intended to ________. A. describe a lifestyle medicine expert B. comfort soulless women in midlife C. list the symptoms of depression D. advertise a health community 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章通过介绍Dr. Christine Wu的生活方式医学服务，旨在吸引中年女性加入她的健康社区，帮助她们重拾活力、自信和目标。 【40题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词的下文“where you’ll feel seen, supported and inspired to step into the best version of yourself.(在哪里你会感到被关注、被支持、被激励，从而成为最好的自己)”可知，划线词应该是指一个被关注、被支持、被激励的地方，所以与“港湾、避风港”意思接近。故选A项。 【41题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第1小标题空格处的下文“You wake up feeling drained, battling tiredness and body aches, and riding the unpredictable waves of midlife.(你醒来时感觉筋疲力尽，与疲劳和身体疼痛作斗争，驾驭着中年不可预知的浪潮)”和“You’ve lost touch with the lively, confident woman you once were — your joy, passion,and sense of purpose feel out of reach(你已经和曾经那个活泼、自信的你失去了联系——你的快乐、激情和使命感感觉遥不可及)”可知，此部分描述的是一些熟悉的感觉，所以句①“这听起来是不是很熟悉？”能概括下文内容；再根据第2个小标题空格处的下文“A month membership designed exclusively for midlife women ready to reclaim their vitality, balance, and joy. This is your sacred sanctuary for transformation, where you'll fecl seen, supported and inspired to step into the best version of yoursclf.(一个月的会员专为中年妇女准备收回他们的活力，平衡和快乐。这是你转变的神圣圣地，在这里你会感到被看到、被支持、被鼓舞，从而成为最好的自己)”可知，本部分主要是宣传作者的健康社区，所以第句④“欢迎来到the Savvy Soul Circle”能概括下文下文内容；再根据第3个小标题的空处的下文黑体字“Monthly Wellness Themes(每月健康主题)”和“Live “Fireside Chats” with Dr Wu(与吴医生现场“炉边谈话”)”和“Seasonal Support for Mind & Body(对身心的季节性支持)”和“Guided Practices & Tools(指导实践和工具)”可知，此部分主要介绍的是健康社区的具体活动内容，所以第③句“这是等待你的东西”能概括下文内容，所以三个空格处小标题应该是①④③。故选C项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。分析全文内容可知，文章通过介绍Dr. Christine Wu的生活方式医学服务，旨在吸引中年女性加入她的健康社区，帮助她们重拾活力、自信和目标。由此推知，这篇文章的目的是为健康社区做广告。故选D项。 (C) Handing Over Our Confirmation Biases to Search Engines In the internet age, we’ve handed over part of our critical thinking to algorithms (算法). People often search not to explore, but to confirm what they already believe. It’s not always truth we’re after — sometimes, it’s just comfort. Search engines, in theory, should be our assistants in combating this intellectual echo chamber (回音室). They’re designed to bring us a variety of perspectives, ideally steering us toward credible, high-quality sources. In an ideal world, these algorithms would push us to reconsider outdated opinions and update our beliefs with factual, balanced information. But things didn’t turn out as we’d hoped. In fact, we’ve learned to game the system, altering search terms to steer us back into the familiar arms of confirmation bias. Rather than opening our minds, search engines now often strengthen our narrow views — flooding us with half-truths or even clear misinformation. A recent study by Eugina Leung uncovers an uncomfortable truth: the problem isn’t just with the technology. It’s also with us. It is we, the users, that are accountable for strengthening our biases. When people search for information, they often do so with terms that are narrow enough to ensure the results reflect their pre-existing opinions. Consider the question: Is caffeine good or bad for you? A straightforward search like “what are the health effects of caffeine?” might yield balanced results. But searching “is caffeine bad for you?” floods the page with negative articles, supporting a one-sided view. Leung’s research found that over a quarter of caffeine-related searches were so specific that they blocked out opposing perspectives. The researchers’ findings are part of a broader pattern. While people might claim to seek balanced perspectives, data shows that people’s search habits often mirror their personal preferences or beliefs. Take, for example, consumers looking for health and wellness advice. Those who are already advocates of a plant-based diet are more likely to search for phrases like “benefits of veganism” rather than “dangers of veganism,” strengthening the idea that search engines often become self-fulfilling predictions generators Through a series of experiments, Leung found that when participants searched for more specific terms, their views were less likely to change. Whether they were researching caffeine or gas prices, participants consistently crafted search inputs that fit neatly into their own beliefs. The implication is clear: we don’t just let search engines shape our worldview; we actively shape our searches to support it. But there’s hope. The research also suggests that a simple shift in approach — using broader, less biased search terms — can help us break out of our ideological bubbles. It’s a small but potentially significant step toward rediscovering a more balanced way of seeking information in an age of widespread online division. 43. What role do search engines ideally play in our information seeking? A. They are meant to justify the user s pre-existing beliefs. B. They serve as tools for entertainment and personal comfort. C. They aim to enrich users’ perspectives and challenge views. D. They screen out low-quality sources based on user preferences. 44. According to Leung’s research, what is the main issue with how people use search engines? A. The internet is full of half-truths and misinformation. B. Search engines provide results supporting existing ideas. C. Users strengthen their biases with narrow search terms. D. Search engines always exclude challenging viewpoints. 45. What does “a broader pattern” mentioned in the passage refer to? A. Information is often sought to change existing opinions. B. Search habits tend to reflect pre-existing preferences. C. Health advice is searched to support dietary choices. D. Balanced perspectives are sought to reveal neutral stance. 46. To avoid confirmation bias, which of the following search inputs would best help a student writing about online learning? A. Shared strengths of online and classroom learning. B. Benefits of online learning for college students. C. Problems with traditional classroom education. D. Effects of online learning on student performance. 【答案】43. C 44. C 45. B 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为议论文。文章主要聚焦搜索引擎时代的 “确认偏误” 现象，指出用户常通过搜索验证固有观点而非追求真相，研究表明狭隘搜索词会强化偏见，而更宽泛的搜索策略可帮助突破信息茧房。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Search engines, in theory, should be our assistants in combating this intellectual echo chamber (回音室). They’re designed to bring us a variety of perspectives, ideally steering us toward credible, high-quality sources. In an ideal world, these algorithms would push us to reconsider outdated opinions and update our beliefs with factual, balanced information.(搜索引擎在理论上应该是我们对抗这种知识回音室的助手。它们被设计用来为我们带来各种不同的观点，理想情况下会引导我们获取可靠、高质量的信息源。在理想世界中，这些算法会促使我们重新考虑过时的观点，并用基于事实的、平衡的信息来更新我们的信念)”可知，搜索引擎理旨在丰富用户的观点并挑战已有的观点。故选C。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“A recent study by Eugina Leung uncovers an uncomfortable truth: the problem isn’t just with the technology. It’s also with us. It is we, the users, that are accountable for strengthening our biases. When people search for information, they often do so with terms that are narrow enough to ensure the results reflect their pre - existing opinions.(Eugina Leung最近的一项研究揭示了一个令人不安的事实：问题不仅仅出在技术上，我们自身也有问题。是我们用户强化了自己的偏见。当人们搜索信息时，他们经常使用足够狭窄的术语，以确保结果反映出他们预先存在的观点)”可知，根据Eugina Leung的研究，人们使用搜索引擎的主要问题是用户用狭窄的搜索词强化了自己的偏见。故选C。 【45题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第 六 段“The researchers’ findings are part of a broader pattern. While people might claim to seek balanced perspectives, data shows that people’s search habits often mirror their personal preferences or beliefs.(研究人员的发现是一个更广泛模式的一部分。虽然人们可能声称寻求平衡的观点，但数据表明，人们的搜索习惯往往反映出他们的个人偏好或信念)”可知，“a broader pattern”指的是搜索习惯往往反映出预先存在的偏好。故选B。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 “The research also suggests that a simple shift in approach — using broader, less biased search terms — can help us break out of our ideological bubbles.(研究还表明，方法上的一个简单转变——使用更广泛、更少偏见的搜索词——可以帮助我们突破思想茧房)”可知，为了避免确认偏误，要求中立性和全面性，避免预设立场或仅验证固有观点。所以为了避免确认偏误，D选项“线上学习对学生表现的影响”搜索输入最有助于学生撰写关于在线学习的文章？故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Fossil Fuel (矿物燃料) Diet Would you like adding fossil fuel dressing to your tomato salad, or how about coating salt water fish with it? If only it were so easy to see the effect of fossil fuels on food production, even environmentally friendly food lovers might find their lunch turning to ash in their mouth. The global food system is more dependent on fossil fuels than we tend to recognize. They power the tractors that prepare fields and the pumps that extract groundwater for soil watering. They are used to manufacture fertilizers They drive the trucks, trains, and ships that transport food. ____47____ So says energy scholar Vaclav Smil who has done some calculations to illustrate this point. He estimates that producing an average French loaf requires the equivalent of about 30 milliliters of diesel (柴油) fuel. A kilogram of roast chicken requires over 300 milliliters. Surprisingly, a kilogram of tomatoes cultivated in a heated greenhouse and transported long distances requires twice as much diesel as the poultry (家禽). ____48____. Producing a kilogram of farmed salt water fish, for example, uses a shocking 2 liters of diesel, according to Smil. ____49____. It is also a major reason why agriculture generates around a third of greenhouse gas emissions and is a dominant driver of biodiversity loss. For a healthier planet, we must find a way to stop “eating” fossil fuels. Unfortunately, ending that dependency will be even tougher than reducing emissions from the power network or transportation. But there are a thousand things we could be doing better now. ____50____. Governments should support farming practices that conserve carbon-storing soil and use water and fertilizers more efficiently. And we should eat much less meat. If we don’t, we are stuck seasoning each bite with diesel. A. Reducing food waste should be a top priority. B. In fact, we may as well think of ourselves as eating fossil fuels. C. Despite this, many farmers are already producing food with minimal fossil fuel input. D. Fortunately, removing fossil fuels from food production is a simple and straightforward process. E. Seafood is often even worse due to the inefficiency of feeding them with smaller, wild-caught fish. F. This intensive use of energy from fossil fuels is not only surprising but also contributes to the global food oversupply. 【答案】47. B 48. E 49. F 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了全球粮食系统对矿物燃料的依赖和后果以及如何结束这种依赖。 【47题详解】 下文“So says energy scholar Vaclav Smil, who has done some calculations to illustrate this point. He estimates that producing an average French loaf requires the equivalent of about 30 milliliters of diesel (柴油) fuel. A kilogram of roast chicken requires over 300 milliliters. Surprisingly, a kilogram of tomatoes cultivated in a heated greenhouse and transported long distances requires twice as much diesel as the poultry (家禽).(能源学者Vaclav Smil这样说，他做了一些计算来说明这一点。他估计，生产一条法式面包平均需要大约30毫升柴油燃料。一公斤烤鸡需要300多毫升。令人惊讶的是，在加热的温室中种植一公斤西红柿并长途运输所需的柴油是家禽的两倍)”举例说明食物对矿物燃料的依赖，结合标题“The Fossil Fuel (矿物燃料) Diet(矿物燃料饮食)”可知，B项“事实上，我们不妨把自己看作是在吃化石燃料”符合语境，引起下文，并呼应标题，故选B。 【48题详解】 根据下文的举例“Producing a kilogram of farmed salt water fish, for example, uses a shocking 2 liters of diesel, according to Smil.(例如，据Smil说，生产一公斤养殖咸水鱼需要消耗2升柴油，这令人震惊)”可知，E项“海鲜往往更糟糕，因为用更小的、野生捕获的鱼喂养它们效率低下”符合语境，和上文“Surprisingly, a kilogram of tomatoes cultivated in a heated greenhouse and transported long distances requires twice as much diesel as the poultry (家禽).(令人惊讶的是，在加热的温室中种植一公斤西红柿并长途运输所需的柴油是家禽的两倍)”并列，说明生产各种食物需要消耗的矿物燃料，同时和下文形成例证关系，故选E。 【49题详解】 根据下文“It is also a major reason why agriculture generates around a third of greenhouse gas emissions and is a dominant driver of biodiversity loss.(这也是农业产生约三分之一温室气体排放的主要原因，也是生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素)”中关键词“also”可知，空处也是说明消耗大量矿物燃料导致的后果，F项“这种对矿物燃料能源的大量使用不仅令人惊讶，而且还导致了全球粮食供应过剩”符合语境，故选F。 【50题详解】 上文“But there are a thousand things we could be doing better now.(但我们现在有很多事情可以做得更好)”提到我们可以通过各种方法来减少对矿物燃料的依赖，空处应是紧接着说明怎么做，A项“减少食物浪费应该是当务之急”符合语境，和下文“Governments should support farming practices that conserve carbon-storing soil and use water and fertilizers more efficiently. And we should eat much less meat. If we don’t, we are stuck seasoning each bite with diesel.(各国政府应支持保护碳储存土壤和更有效地利用水和肥料的耕作方式。我们应该少吃肉。如果我们不这样做，我们每一口都要用柴油调味)”并列说明具体方法，故选A。 Ⅳ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Future of AI On 10 and 11 February, 60 countries promised to make sure artificial intelligence (AI) is safe and trustworthy, at a big meeting in Paris, France. AI is already used for all sorts of things, including. Internet searches, banking, robots and more — and the list of possible uses is quickly getting longer. At the meeting, called the AI Action Summit, world leaders discussed the impact of AI and what should be done to manage it. One of the big agreements reached was the Statement on Inclusive and Sustainable AI, which was signed by 60 countries. The statement included a list of priorities for AI that the countries agreed to follow, including making sure it is “safe, secure and trustworthy” and that it has a positive impact on people’s jobs. Another priority was to make AI “sustainable for people and the planet”, which means using AI in a way that doesn’t harm the environment. This is important because AI systems use lots of energy, which is often made by burning polluting fossil fuels. They also use lots of water to cool equipment, and water is scarce in some places. The statement is a step forward for making sure AI is used carefully, even though the countries aren’t legally required to do what the statement says. The UK and US didn’t sign the statement. A spokesperson for the UK Government said it didn’t talk enough about certain issues, including how AI will be governed across the world. US vice president said excessive regulation of AI would be bad for the technology industry. Macron, the president of France, used the AI Action Summit to announce the creation of Current AI. This is an organization designed to develop and support global AI projects that will benefit the public, including increasing access to high-quality data that can be used to train AI systems. To begin with, it's being funded by around £317 million from the French government, other countries and organizations. The founder of Current AI said, “AI has the power to transform access to jobs, healthcare, and education for the better, but only if we act now.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dozens of state leaders discussed the future of Al to ensure its safety and reliability at a summit. They signed a non-binding agreement which prioritized Al’s security, job-friendliness and sustainability by addressing energy consumption and water usage. However, US and UK rejected it, citing governance gaps and regulatory risks. France unveiled Current AI for the sake of public well-being. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，数十位国家领导人在峰会上讨论了人工智能的未来，以确保其安全性和可靠性。他们签署了一项不具约束力的协议，通过解决能源消耗和用水问题，优先考虑人工智能的安全性、就业友好性和可持续性。然而，美国和英国以治理缺口和监管风险为由，拒绝了这一提议。法国为了国民的福祉，公开了“目前的人工智能”。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①On 10 and 11 February, 60 countries promised to make sure artificial intelligence (AI) is safe and trustworthy, at a big meeting in Paris, France. ②The statement included a list of priorities for AI that the countries agreed to follow, including making sure it is “safe, secure and trustworthy” and that it has a positive impact on people’s jobs. This is important because AI systems use lots of energy, which is often made by burning polluting fossil fuels. They also use lots of water to cool equipment, and water is scarce in some places. ③The UK and US didn’t sign the statement. A spokesperson for the UK Government said it didn’t talk enough about certain issues, including how AI will be governed across the world. US vice president said excessive regulation of AI would be bad for the technology industry. ④To begin with, it's being funded by around £317 million from the French government, other countries and organizations. The founder of Current AI said, “AI has the power to transform access to jobs, healthcare, and education for the better, but only if we act now.” 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Dozens of state leaders discussed the future of Al to ensure its safety and reliability at a summit. They signed a non-binding agreement which prioritized Al’s security, job-friendliness and sustainability by addressing energy consumption and water usage. However, US and UK rejected it, citing governance gaps and regulatory risks. France unveiled Current AI for the sake of public well-being. 【点睛】[高分句型1] They signed a non-binding agreement which prioritized Al’s security, job-friendliness and sustainability by addressing energy consumption and water usage.（运用which引导定语从句对原文三段进行了概括） [高分句型2] However, US and UK rejected it, citing governance gaps and regulatory risks.（用现在分词作状语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级） Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 不足为奇，语言变化本身就是一个动态和持续的过程。(wonder)(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s no wonder that language change is a dynamic and continuous process in its own right. 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构。本句描述客观事实用一般现在时。表示“不足为奇”为句型It’s no wonder that…；表示从句主语“语言变化”为language change ；后接系动词is，表语“一个动态和持续的过程”为并列形容词修饰的名词短语a dynamic and continuous process；表示“本身”可用介词短语in its own right。故翻译为It’s no wonder that language change is a dynamic and continuous process in its own right. 53. 岛上居民为了保护他们的文化遗产，展现了多么强烈的社区意识！(What) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What a strong sense of community spirit the island residents displayed in order to protect their cultural heritage! 【解析】 【详解】考查感叹句。根据题目要求可知，该句可使用“What + (a/an)+形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语”的感叹句句型，“强烈的社区意识”可翻译为a strong sense of community spirit，主语“岛上居民”可翻译为the island residents，谓语“展现”可翻译为display，根据语境可知，该句陈述过去事实，可使用其一般过去时。“为了”可使用固定短语in order to在句中引导目的状语，“保护他们的文化遗产”可翻译为protect their cultural heritage。故翻译为：What a strong sense of community spirit the island residents displayed in order to protect their cultural heritage!。 54. 正在展出的史前陶器反映了这个国家的文化有多么的源远流长和博大精深。(mirror) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The prehistoric pottery on display mirrors how ancient and profound the culture of this country is. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，从句和短语。 主语为“正在展出的史前陶器”译为The prehistoric pottery on display，on display作后置定语谓语动词“反映”对应mirror，因主语pottery为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式mirrors。宾语部分“这个国家的文化有多么的源远流长和博大精深”为宾语从句how ancient and profound the culture of this country is，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，结合主谓一致，故译为The prehistoric pottery on display mirrors how ancient and profound the culture of this country is. 55. 那些太极习练者经常感到精神焕发，他们通过太极的练习，能够调节身体的能量流动，从而达到身心和谐的效果。(The reason) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The reason why Tai Chi practitioners often feel refreshed is that through their practice, they can channel/regulate the flow of energy in their bodies, achieving harmony between body and mind. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、时态和非谓语动词。根据汉语意思和提示词可知，本句为“The reason why...is that...”句型，陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。“太极习练者经常感到精神焕发”为主系表结构，翻译为“Tai Chi practitioners often feel refreshed”；“，他们通过太极的练习”为“ through their practice”；“调节身体的能量流动”为“channel/regulate the flow of energy in their bodies”；“达到身心和谐的效果”为“achieve harmony between body and mind”与主语they为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。调整语序，故翻译为：The reason why Tai Chi practitioners often feel refreshed is that through their practice, they can channel/regulate the flow of energy in their bodies, achieving harmony between body and mind. Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学的高二学生李华，在寒假游学期间住在英国当地人家中（homestay）。你发现房主一家在家中车库囤积杂物，杂乱不堪的状态令他们头痛不已。回到中国后你咨询了收纳达人，并写了一封邮件给英国的房主。邮件的内容必须包括： 1. 囤积杂物的弊端； 2. 你的收纳建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I hope this email finds you well. I’ve been thinking about the cluttered garage situation at your home since I returned to China. I consulted professional organizers and realized there are several drawbacks to hoarding items. Firstly, it is hard to find things quickly in a messy garage. It can also create a stressful environment, affecting your mood and daily life. Moreover, accumulated clutter might attract pests and pose potential safety hazards. To address this, I suggest a step-by-step approach. You can sort items into three categories: keep, donate, and discard. Use labels and bins to store the items you keep, and arrange them systematically on shelves. Consider vertical storage solutions, like pegboards, to maximize space. For seasonal items, use vacuum-sealed bags to save room. Finally, make a habit of regularly reviewing and tidying up the garage. I hope these suggestions are helpful. If you need more advice, feel free to let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国的房主写信告知囤积杂物的弊端和给出收纳的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 考虑：think about → consider 首先：Firstly → First of all 处理：address → deal with 建议：suggestion→ advice 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It can also create a stressful environment, affecting your mood and daily life. 拓展句：It can also create a stressful environment, which can affect your mood and daily life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Use labels and bins to store the items you keep, and arrange them systematically on shelves.（运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】If you need more advice, feel free to let me know. （运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 华东师大二附中2024学年第二学期期中考试卷 高二 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 卷面满分：140分） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. It is low in quality. B. Its price is too high. C. It is worth the price. D. It needs washing by hand. 2. A. Try a vegetarian diet. B. Find a new roommate. C Look for a well-paid job. D. Engage in physical exercise. 3. A. They wouldn’t mind taking a bus. B. Someone would drive them home. C. They wouldn’t be able to find a phone. D. Their friends would take them to the beach. 4. A. It is a hot topic. B. It is surrounded by plants. C. It is designed by a gamer. D. It is located in the rural area. 5. A. He finds his violin is out of tune now. B. He’s too old to begin studying the violin. C. He has worked as a violinist for a long time. D. He probably lost some of his skills on the violin. 6. A. She is a great play writer. B. She has just opened a Pandora’s box. C. She finished the whole season in a night. D. She is inviting the man to watch TV with her. 7. A. He will see the exhibit after June. B. He can see the exhibit before it closes. C. He visited the new exhibition several times. D. He wants to exhibit his work at the Student Center. 8. A. She is in favour of the man’s plan. B. Her mobile phone needs recharging. C. Her social media accounts are also deleted. D She thinks the man says too much but does too little. 9 A. He was absent last seek. B. He didn’t win the first prize. C. He canceled the speech contest. D. He didn’t take part in the speech contest. 10. A. He succeeds because of luck rather than persistence. B. He has always been dreaming of travelling to the moon. C. He has never given up on his startup despite the difficulties. D. He invests a lot of money in a company related to space travel. Section B Directions: I Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It draws them to her dancing studio. B. It provides them with a chance to socialize. C. It prepares them to be professional dancers. D. It makes them more attractive than young people. 12. A. To illustrate why people dance. B. To describe the steps of traditional dances. C. To explain the origin of a popular dance style. D. To compare traditional dances with modem ones. 13. A. To introduce a famous dancer. B. To show the benefit of dancing. C. To recommend a way to practice dancing. D. To challenge the public opinion of dancing. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Economic growth patterns that succeed in Africa. B. African countries that can buy their way out of hunger. C. The impact of climate change on food supply in Africa. D. The shift of crop farming in Africa due to climate change. 15. A. Potential population growth in Africa. B. The production of six major food crops. C. Serious food shortages all over the world. D. The increase in starving African countries. 16. A. They might struggle with the high cost of agricultural inputs. B. They might be able to increase their purchasing power. C. They might experience severe challenges in food security. D. They might face population decline in the following years. Questions 17 through 20 are based’on the following conversation. 17. A. Predicting dreams. B. Scanning the brain C. Guessing what people see. D. Rebuilding viewed images. 18. A. Developing new scanning devices for the brain. B. Tracking long-term changes in brain chemistry. C. Identifying brain activity patterns. D Predicting the recovery time of brain-injured patients. 19. A. Fully satisfied. B. Close to perfection. C. Basic but promising. D. Revolutionary but impractical. 20. A. Finding subjects. B. Private investment. C. Improper application. D. Constructing facilities. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Faster-than-light Travel Space is…big. Any story that involves characters ____1____ (go) across it needs to come up with a way to address the vast distances between galaxies (星系). There are a few ways that sci-fi writers get around this problem of moving their main characters from one point in space to ____2____ including wormholes and faster-than-light travel. Travelling at the speed of light — around 300000km (186,000 miles) per second — would allow you ____3____ (circumnavigate) Earth 7.5 times in a single second and get you to the surface of the Sun in a little over 8 minutes. But your journey to Earth’s ____4____ (near) neighbouring star system, Alpha Centauri, some 40, 000 billion kilometres away, would take just under 4 years and 3 months. ____5____ faster-than-light travel was an option, though, you could explore the whole Universe. Unfortunately, not only is it impossible for anything to go faster than the speed of light, but according to Einstein’s special theory of relativity only things with zero mass at rest, ____6____ photons (光子), can travel at the speed of light. Things with mass, like us and spaceships, will always ____7____ travel at slower-than-light speeds. There are ways in which science-fiction writers ____8____ (attempt) to explain away faster-than-light travel over the past few decades, however. The movie Event Horizon explores ____9____ a 2074 spacecraft could effectively travel faster than light by folding the fabric of space on itself, thereby creating a means of travelling across the Universe in an instant. Interestingly, it’s possible that the speed of light hasn’t always been constant. Observations suggest that there were different wavelengths of light billions of years ago. Some have even assumed that this could support the notion of extra space dimensions ____10____ the laws of physics are different. Maybe, then, we could one day enter the hyperspace dimension to visit a galaxy far, far away… Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. automatically B. bubble C. counting D. glances E. hooked F. indirectly G. measuring H. practices I. universal J. unique K viral Morning Routines: Why We Can’t Look Away Everyone has a morning routine, but yours likely doesn’t start before 4 a. m. or include spending hours drinking fancy water or jumping into a rooftop pool. Still, you might be one of the millions who watched the ____11____ video of a fitness trainer’s well-crafted morning routine, now with over 741 million views on the social media. While many have assumed the video is marketing for a certain product, it’s understandable to be fascinated by ____12____ at other people’s habits. “For better or for worse, it is in our nature to compare ourselves to others,” says Raphael Wald. “It is difficult for us as people to appreciate our successes without using others as a ____13____ tape.” Many competing feelings can arise during social comparison: Envy, admiration, motivation and fear of missing out. But often, shame and inadequacy ____14____ up to the top. The video is the latest in a series of morning habits shared on social media, all gaining millions of views. This fascination with others’ routines is nothing new. People have been ____15____ on how famous, successful figures spend their mornings for centuries. Benjamin Franklin wrote about his morning routine in his autobiography in the late 1700s, describing how he woke up at 5 a.m., set intentions for the day, read, and studied. In his 1854 book Walden, Henry David Thoreau discussed going for a swim during the “awakening hour.” These old-fashioned ____16____ have even aroused interest now; people in the present day are posting about their experiences trying, for instance, “The daily routine of the original Benjamin Franklin.” Mornings are a “____17____” experience, says Ben Bernstein. Everyone wakes up, gets dressed, and usually eats breakfast. Then, they go about their day, which is more ____18____. “There’s a moment in time where people are doing similar things,” he says. It can feel predictable, so it’s often appealing to see how others spend that time. “We’re actually kind of living ____19____ through that person: If we have a routine and we follow these steps, then life can be smooth and free of stress,” Bernstein says. Research shows that morning routines can ease stress and increase energy. But routines should be tailored to your needs and lifestyle, says Dr. Alex Dimitriu. There’s no “secret sauce” for morning habits that will ____20____ help you become like someone you admire. Videos may be fun to watch, but Dimitriu urges taking them with “a grain of salt.” Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Real Life, Great Stories With any kind of writing, it can be difficult to decide what should go in and what should be left out. However, when you are telling stories from real life — creative ____21____— that task becomes even harder because your source material is vast and complicated. Having decided the story you want to tell, it’s all too ____22____ to drift from the narrative path or to slow the pace by adding too much detail and description, so that you risk losing the reader. ____23____, when it comes to redrafting, you may have to be particularly brutal (直截了当的) in killing your darlings. “Killing your darlings” means cutting any ____24____ material, from words and sentences to complete scenes, and it’s hard because these will often be parts you have put great time, thought and care into crafting. Arthur Quiller-Couch ____25____ the phrase in his 1916 book On the Art of Writing: If you here require a practical ____26____ of me, I will present you with this: “Whenever you feel an impulse to perpetrate (作) a piece of exceptionally fine writing, obey your impulse — whole-heartedly — and ____27____ it before sending your manuscript to press. Murder your darlings.” It helps if you come to redrafting with a ____28____ mindset, regarding it as an ongoing part of the creative process rather than a red-pen exercise. The other thing that helps is if you always save a copy of your current version before you start polishing it, then nothing is irrevocably (无法改变地) lost, and that frees you to ____29____ big changes in the creative spirit of play. With any kind of story, there are always _____30_____ issues that need redrafting, because when you set out you don’t know exactly what the story will be. Fresh ideas come in along the way, and unexpected possibilities. As well as tightening the plot, sometimes a(n) _____31_____ will emerge through the writing, so you gradually understand, ‘Ah — so this is what I’m writing about,’ and you will want to foreground that theme and cut parts that don’t _____32_____ its development. When it comes to the _____33_____, the voice of the story develops and becomes stronger through the writing too, so on redrafting you will be looking at word and sentence level changes, especially in the early chapters. At the redrafting stage, you will have whole scenes that don’t develop the themes or don’t fit with voice of your story. You might be able to _____34_____ them into a new book project or publish them on blogging platforms, but whatever happens to them, they have contributed to your experience and development as a writer. Let _____35_____ go. 21. A. thinking B. sci-fi C. draft D. non-fiction 22. A. easy B. complicated C. appropriate D. late 23. A. For these reasons B. In spite of that C. By contrast D. For example 24. A. beloved B. delicate C. irrelevant D. offensive 25. A. simplified B. coined C. abandoned D. trialed 26. A. phrase B. sample C. lifestyle D. rule 27. A. revise B. conduct C. delete D. expose 28. A. contradictory B. neutral C. rebellious D. positive 29. A. experiment with B. substitute for C. impose on D. conflict with 30. A. unceasing B. structural C. literate D. grammatical 31. A. peak B. theme C. motivation. D. issue 32. A. contribute to B. result from C. dispose of D. slow down 33. A. literary fame B. text structure C. fine detail D. book review 34. A. reverse B. recycle C. ease D. divide 35. A. yourself B. him C. everything D. them Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) India’s Last Letter Writers When I was a child in Calcutta, I remember my mother writing letters for our domestic helper, Kailash, who had never been to school. The letters always began with “Dear son…” and included news about his family and instructions on how to use the money he sent. Many people from rural India, much like Kailash, once relied on professional letter writers to maintain contact with loved ones after moving to the cities in search of work. However, this once-vital profession is slowly disappearing Jagdish Sharma, one of the last remaining professional letter writers in Delhi, has not written a letter in over a decade. For 31 years, he worked just outside the Kashmere Gate post office, assisting a wide range of people in writing heartfelt letters. Sharma’s strengths lay not in complex tools, but in the basics: a solid grasp of language, neat handwriting, and a talent for translating people’s emotions into words. “People would tell me their stories,” he recalls, “and I would express them in my own words.” Sharma worked with other letter writers for years, assisting customers with forms, parcels, and, most importantly, communication with distant family. “I helped 70 to 80 people a day,” he says with quiet pride. Letter writing has played a significant role in Indian history for centuries. During the Mughal era, professional writers supported aristocrats (贵族) in managing their correspondence. Later, when the British introduced a formal postal system in 1854, services were established to assist those who were unable to read or write. In more recent years, however, changes in society quietly reshaped the need for traditional letter-writing services. As more people learned to read and write, and affordable mobile phones found their way into everyday life, the once-frequent visits to letter writers began to fade. By 2008, the Indian government officially recognized this shift, stating that the service was no longer considered essential. Sharma acknowledged that the decline had begun well before the government’s decision. As business declined, many of his colleagues either retired or sought employment elsewhere. Despite the changes, Sharma still visits the post office daily, except Sundays. “I have nowhere else to go,” he says. One afternoon, I found him preparing a parcel for a client, sewing it with skill, writing the address, and sealing it with a candle. His long-time client, Rekha Kumari — who had been coming to him for ten years — smiled as she showed me her mobile phone. “No,” she said, “I’ll call them myself now.” 36. Many rural Indians relied on professional letter writers because ________. A. they valued the personal and emotional touch of handwritten letters B. they lacked formal education and needed help to communicate C. they preferred letter writers’ solid grasp of language and expression D. mobile phones were not affordable for most people at that time 37. What led to the decline of professional letter writers? A. The government banned their services in 2008 B. People preferred face-to-face communication. C. Higher literacy and mobile phones reduced demand. D. Many-letter writers switched to other promising jobs. 38. What does the interaction between Sharma and Rekha in the final paragraph suggest? A. Phone calls prove cheaper and more convenient than writing letters. B. Kekha is forced to continue using Sharma’s services from loyalty. C. Sharma is actively updating his business with modern technologies . D. Technological advances have made letter-writing services outdated. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. Sympathy for the grassroot working class in India. B. The emergence of mobile phones in Indian literature. C. An appeal to the government to protect traditional craft. D. The rise and fall of professional letter writers in India. (B) Lost your spark (活力)? It’s time to get it back. Hi, I’m Dr Christine Wu-MD, Lifestyle Medicine Expert. I specialize in helping women in midlife rediscover their energy, confidence, and purpose with a unique combination of science and soul. Dr Wu Wellness _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ? You wake up feeling drained, battling tiredness and body aches, and riding the unpredictable waves of midlife. You’ve lost touch with the lively, confident woman you once were — your joy, passion, and sense of purpose feel out of reach. You’re doing all the “right” things — eating healthily, staying active, managing stress — but your body isn’t responding the way you want. Your anxiety, overwhelm, and loneliness have taken center stage, leaving you wondering, “Is this how life is now?” It doesn’t have to feel this way. And you don’t have to navigate this alone. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ? Monthly Wellness Themes Explore powerful topics like hormone balance, stress relief, and self-discovery — because wellness deserves to be your priority. Seasonal Support for Mind & Body Nourish (滋养) your body with energizing movement practices, and soul-soothing meditations (冥想) to nourish your spirit, Live “Fireside Chats” with Dr Wu Join conversations on the topics that matter most, with space to connect and ask questions — your exclusive access to Dr Wu. Guided Practices & Tools Discover powerful meditations, uplifting intentions, and practical strategies to effortlessly weave wellness into daily life. Private Online Community Connect with like-minded women on the same journey — share wins, challenges, and mutual support. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Unleash your inner power with the Savvy Soul Circle! The transformation you’ve been craving starts here. Visit doctorwuwellness.com and be the first to know when Savvy Soul Circle launches. 40. The underlined word sanctuary is closest in meaning to ________. A. harbour B. schedule C. resolution D. ambition 41. Three of the following four subheadings are missing in the passage: ① Does This Sound Familiar? ② From Symptoms to Diagnosis ③ Here’s What’s Waiting for You ④ Welcome to the Savvy Soul Circle Which of the following is arranged in correct order from top to bottom? A. ②→③→① B. ③→②→④ C. ①→④→③ D. ④→③→② 42. The passage is intended to ________. A. describe a lifestyle medicine expert B. comfort soulless women in midlife C. list the symptoms of depression D. advertise a health community (C) Handing Over Our Confirmation Biases to Search Engines In the internet age, we’ve handed over part of our critical thinking to algorithms (算法). People often search not to explore, but to confirm what they already believe. It’s not always truth we’re after — sometimes, it’s just comfort. Search engines, in theory, should be our assistants in combating this intellectual echo chamber (回音室). They’re designed to bring us a variety of perspectives, ideally steering us toward credible, high-quality sources. In an ideal world, these algorithms would push us to reconsider outdated opinions and update our beliefs with factual, balanced information. But things didn’t turn out as we’d hoped. In fact, we’ve learned to game the system, altering search terms to steer us back into the familiar arms of confirmation bias. Rather than opening our minds, search engines now often strengthen our narrow views — flooding us with half-truths or even clear misinformation. A recent study by Eugina Leung uncovers an uncomfortable truth: the problem isn’t just with the technology. It’s also with us. It is we, the users, that are accountable for strengthening our biases. When people search for information, they often do so with terms that are narrow enough to ensure the results reflect their pre-existing opinions. Consider the question: Is caffeine good or bad for you? A straightforward search like “what are the health effects of caffeine?” might yield balanced results. But searching “is caffeine bad for you?” floods the page with negative articles, supporting a one-sided view. Leung’s research found that over a quarter of caffeine-related searches were so specific that they blocked out opposing perspectives. The researchers’ findings are part of a broader pattern. While people might claim to seek balanced perspectives, data shows that people’s search habits often mirror their personal preferences or beliefs. Take, for example, consumers looking for health and wellness advice. Those who are already advocates of a plant-based diet are more likely to search for phrases like “benefits of veganism” rather than “dangers of veganism,” strengthening the idea that search engines often become self-fulfilling predictions generators Through a series of experiments, Leung found that when participants searched for more specific terms, their views were less likely to change. Whether they were researching caffeine or gas prices, participants consistently crafted search inputs that fit neatly into their own beliefs. The implication is clear: we don’t just let search engines shape our worldview; we actively shape our searches to support it. But there’s hope. The research also suggests that a simple shift in approach — using broader, less biased search terms — can help us break out of our ideological bubbles. It’s a small but potentially significant step toward rediscovering a more balanced way of seeking information in an age of widespread online division. 43. What role do search engines ideally play in our information seeking? A. They are meant to justify the user s pre-existing beliefs. B. They serve as tools for entertainment and personal comfort. C. They aim to enrich users’ perspectives and challenge views. D. They screen out low-quality sources based on user preferences. 44. According to Leung’s research, what is the main issue with how people use search engines? A. The internet is full of half-truths and misinformation. B. Search engines provide results supporting existing ideas. C. Users strengthen their biases with narrow search terms. D. Search engines always exclude challenging viewpoints. 45. What does “a broader pattern” mentioned in the passage refer to? A. Information is often sought to change existing opinions. B. Search habits tend to reflect pre-existing preferences. C. Health advice is searched to support dietary choices. D. Balanced perspectives are sought to reveal neutral stance. 46. To avoid confirmation bias, which of the following search inputs would best help a student writing about online learning? A. Shared strengths of online and classroom learning. B. Benefits of online learning for college students. C. Problems with traditional classroom education. D. Effects of online learning on student performance. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Fossil Fuel (矿物燃料) Diet Would you like adding fossil fuel dressing to your tomato salad, or how about coating salt water fish with it? If only it were so easy to see the effect of fossil fuels on food production, even environmentally friendly food lovers might find their lunch turning to ash in their mouth. The global food system is more dependent on fossil fuels than we tend to recognize. They power the tractors that prepare fields and the pumps that extract groundwater for soil watering. They are used to manufacture fertilizers They drive the trucks, trains, and ships that transport food. ____47____ So says energy scholar Vaclav Smil, who has done some calculations to illustrate this point. He estimates that producing an average French loaf requires the equivalent of about 30 milliliters of diesel (柴油) fuel. A kilogram of roast chicken requires over 300 milliliters. Surprisingly, a kilogram of tomatoes cultivated in a heated greenhouse and transported long distances requires twice as much diesel as the poultry (家禽). ____48____. Producing a kilogram of farmed salt water fish, for example, uses a shocking 2 liters of diesel, according to Smil. ____49____. It is also a major reason why agriculture generates around a third of greenhouse gas emissions and is a dominant driver of biodiversity loss. For a healthier planet, we must find a way to stop “eating” fossil fuels. Unfortunately, ending that dependency will be even tougher than reducing emissions from the power network or transportation. But there are a thousand things we could be doing better now. ____50____. Governments should support farming practices that conserve carbon-storing soil and use water and fertilizers more efficiently. And we should eat much less meat. If we don’t, we are stuck seasoning each bite with diesel. A. Reducing food waste should be a top priority. B. In fact, we may as well think of ourselves as eating fossil fuels. C. Despite this, many farmers are already producing food with minimal fossil fuel input. D. Fortunately, removing fossil fuels from food production is a simple and straightforward process. E. Seafood is often even worse due to the inefficiency of feeding them with smaller, wild-caught fish. F. This intensive use of energy from fossil fuels is not only surprising but also contributes to the global food oversupply. Ⅳ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Future of AI On 10 and 11 February, 60 countries promised to make sure artificial intelligence (AI) is safe and trustworthy, at a big meeting in Paris, France. AI is already used for all sorts of things, including. Internet searches, banking, robots and more — and the list of possible uses is quickly getting longer. At the meeting, called the AI Action Summit, world leaders discussed the impact of AI and what should be done to manage it. One of the big agreements reached was the Statement on Inclusive and Sustainable AI, which was signed by 60 countries. The statement included a list of priorities for AI that the countries agreed to follow, including making sure it is “safe, secure and trustworthy” and that it has a positive impact on people’s jobs. Another priority was to make AI “sustainable for people and the planet”, which means using AI in a way that doesn’t harm the environment. This is important because AI systems use lots of energy, which is often made by burning polluting fossil fuels. They also use lots of water to cool equipment, and water is scarce in some places. The statement is a step forward for making sure AI is used carefully, even though the countries aren’t legally required to do what the statement says. The UK and US didn’t sign the statement. A spokesperson for the UK Government said it didn’t talk enough about certain issues, including how AI will be governed across the world. US vice president said excessive regulation of AI would be bad for the technology industry. Macron, the president of France, used the AI Action Summit to announce the creation of Current AI. This is an organization designed to develop and support global AI projects that will benefit the public, including increasing access to high-quality data that can be used to train AI systems. To begin with, it's being funded by around £317 million from the French government, other countries and organizations. The founder of Current AI said, “AI has the power to transform access to jobs, healthcare, and education for the better, but only if we act now.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 不足为奇，语言变化本身就是一个动态和持续的过程。(wonder)(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 53. 岛上居民为了保护他们的文化遗产，展现了多么强烈的社区意识！(What) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 54. 正在展出史前陶器反映了这个国家的文化有多么的源远流长和博大精深。(mirror) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 55. 那些太极习练者经常感到精神焕发，他们通过太极的练习，能够调节身体的能量流动，从而达到身心和谐的效果。(The reason) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学的高二学生李华，在寒假游学期间住在英国当地人家中（homestay）。你发现房主一家在家中车库囤积杂物，杂乱不堪的状态令他们头痛不已。回到中国后你咨询了收纳达人，并写了一封邮件给英国的房主。邮件的内容必须包括： 1. 囤积杂物的弊端； 2. 你的收纳建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$