【期末备考】专题07 阅读理解说明文20篇（解题技巧+专项训练）（广州深圳沈阳通用）-2024-2025学年七年级下学期英语期末复习满分冲刺（沪教版2024）

【期末备考】专题07 阅读理解说明文20篇 （紧跟新教材·广州深圳沈阳通用） 阅读理解说明文题型特点 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。 说明文主要采用以下结构： 总分式: 总——分式和分——总式结构，以及完整的“总——分——总”结构。 递进式: 事理说明文常用这种结构形式，通常由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质，逐层递进，一层一层地剖析事理。 并列式：文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分。 对照式：通过两个事物的比较和对照说明其异同。 阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息： A. 说明的对象 B. 说明对象的特征 C. 说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法） 【思维导图】 【期末真题+模拟预测·紧跟新教材】 Passage 1 （话题：旅游相关） More ways of travel are quietly getting popularity among young people in China. What they want is a special kind of joy! “Military-style” travel is becoming very popular among Chinese college students. They try to visit as many places as possible during weekends while spending very little money. They often don’t take breaks or even sleep so that they can save more time. This kind of travel is also called a budget-friendly way for students with less money. Another trend (趋势) is “dazi travel”. It means travelling with partners or sometimes strangers. People may find travel partners online. It’s like opening a mystery box—there is a lot of luck during the travel. Sometimes it’s fun, but sometimes it’s not. City walks are also popular. Young people walk around cities to discover historical landmarks, cultural sites, and special places. It’s a great way to learn about different cities. “Reverse tourism” is a new trend. Instead of going to famous and crowded places, young travelers choose less known places. They want to have unusual and relaxed experiences. There is also a fun activity called the “seal-collecting tour”. Travelers collect seals from stores and places of interest. These seals help them remember their trips. Every time they see the seals, they feel happy. 1．What does the underlined “budget-friendly” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Crazier. B．Expensive. C．Cheaper. D．Dangerous. 2．Why is “dazi travel” like opening a mystery box? A．It is another trend of travelling. B．People need some travel partners. C．It is always fun during the travel. D．People never know what will happen. 3．How does the writer present the text? A．By sharing past and present travels. B．By introducing the history of tourism. C．By showing different types of travelling. D．By explaining the advantages of the trips. 4．Which activity helps travelers remember their trips through special objects? A．Military-style travel. B．City walks. C．Reverse tourism. D．Seal-collecting tour. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The best way to travel. B．Making plans before travelling. C．Travelling are getting more popular, D．Young Chinese are making new ways to travel. Passage 2（话题：著名人物之时代楷模） As a part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary (周年) of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), 42 people were awarded national medals and national honorary titles in 2019. They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people. All have made big contributions to the nation’s construction and development. Here are some of the people. The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the Nobel Prize for her discovery of the antimalarial drug (抗疟药)—artemisinin (青蒿素) in 2015, is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important scientific innovation (创新) in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST, 500 米口径球面射电望远镜). He worked on the project for more than 20 years. His contributions to Chinese astronomy earned him the national honorary title of People’s Scientist. Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country. 1．________ people won the Medal of the Republic in 2019. A．5 B．6 C．8 D．42 2．People from different backgrounds below are mentioned in the article except ________. A．doctors B．artists C．scientists D．foreigners 3．What do we know about Tu Youyou? A．She won the Nobel Prize in 2017. B．She has saved millions of people around the world. C．She is the only one who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. D．She has made Traditional Chinese Medicine enter all the countries. 4．The main purpose of the passage is ________. A．to express thanks to foreign heroes B．to describe how to get the national honorary titles C．to tell readers what makes a good role model D．to introduce some of the people who won national awards Passage 3（话题：节约水资源） All living things on the Earth need water to live. Yet humans are facing serious water problems. According to the United Nations, today over 663 million people live without a safe water supply close to home. To remind people of the importance of water, the UN first set up World Water Day in 1993. It is on March 22 each year. From March 22 to 28 is also the China Water Week. The first year’s theme is “Waste water”. It tried to call on people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it. In Australia people make good use of waste water. Most Australians have a grass lawn around their home instead of washing the car in the street. Many of them wash it on the lawn to keep the grass longer so that it covers the ground and reduce evaporation (蒸发). Rainwater may seem useless to you. But you can also reuse it. People in Germany collect rainwater to wash their toilets. Most houses in the country that are built in the last few years have rainwater collection devices (设备). Rainwater is collected from the root, and then linked to the toilet. But if you don’t have the device just put a bucket (桶) under your roof when it rains. Water makes up 71 percent of the Earth’s surface. But we can only use a very small part of it. Only about 3 percent of the world’s water is fresh water. It’s in lakes, rivers and underground. Over 80 percent of the waste water in the world goes back into the nature. It has not been cleaned and pollutes the rivers and lakes. Unsafe water makes around 842 ,000 people die each year. By 2030, about half of the world’s population could be facing water problem. By 2050, as many as seven billion people across the world could not have enough water supplies. The world’s population might be 9. 3 billion by then. 1．From Paragraph 1, we can learn that ________. A．people around the world are facing serious water problems B．water is always the most important in our school lives C．saving water can help us better improve the environment D．people in different places have different habits to use water 2．The first year’s aim of the China Water Week was to________. A．collect rainwater to wash their toilets B．remind people of the importance of water C．put a bucket under your roof when it rains D．call on people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it 3．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To share his rich knowledge about water. B．To warn more people to save water. C．To show how water problems change the world. D．To tell people how to discover safe water supply. 4．Which of the following would be the title of the passage? A．Water in the world has become less and less B．Unsafe water makes so many people die C．Our planet will face serious water problems D．Learn to save water to protect our planet Passage 4 （话题：职业） People often talk about jobs. But when I tell others what I do for a living, they can hardly believe this job exists (存在). But I’m not joking at all. I spend my days at work eating chocolate! I taste chocolate to make sure that people can get excellent chocolate from our factory. Every week, I receive (收到) chocolate from our factory. I have to check it for taste and smell. I also have to taste raw materials (原材料) we usually use. I spend days choosing the best ones to go into the chocolate. Just beside my office, I have a kitchen. I test and taste chocolate I make there. My kitchen is full of machines. It’s wonderful to work there during the day. No two days are the same in this job. Sometimes I am in the kitchen. Sometimes I’m out of the country buying the raw materials we need and because I have a young family, that can be difficult. But I love this job because it’s enjoyable. The question is that many people ask me if I get bored of chocolate. I’ve worked with it for a long time, but I’ve never felt I didn’t want to eat it. In fact, I often eat some more in the morning at home! 1．When the writer tells people about his job, they ________. A．think he is joking B．believe it must be very easy C．tell him some ways of improving it D．want to know why he chose this kind of work 2．Which of the following does the writer do in his work? ①selling chocolate machines                ②testing and tasting chocolate ③choosing raw materials of chocolate     ④buying chocolate of different tastes A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 3．What does the writer think of his job? A．Boring. B．Enjoyable. C．Tiring. D．Worrying. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Making Chocolate B．The Beginning of My Career C．Loving Chocolate D．My Job Passage 5 （话题：科普知识 植物研究） （23-24七年级下·广东广州·期末）Plants use chemicals to talk with each other. This happens when insects are eating a plant’s leaves. Then, the plant gives out chemicals from those leaves. This is like a warning, or a call for help, “Mayday, mayday!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others make the bees interested in the plant. The bees will come and kill those harmful insects. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system (系统). So we can use it to grow more crops. More surprisingly, plants also make sounds. But people can’t hear these sounds. Some plants, such as corn and chili plants, make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is little water. Plants, like tomatoes, make a sound when they are weak. When animals like bats hear them, they will come to help. Scientists are trying to listen to these sick plants. Then they can find new ways to grow healthier plants without touching them. Most surprisingly of all, plants have a wonderful talking system. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”, just like the Internet we use. The plants, such as fungi, connect the roots of different plants and make the web under the ground. By using the web, plants can greet each other and give food to others. However, not all plants are friendly. Some may use it to take other plants’ food, or send chemicals to hurt other plants. Probably one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help stop these fights. Scientists are learning more about how plants talk so that they can grow better. Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 1．Which sentence can replace(代替) “Mayday, mayday!” in paragraph 1? A．Be careful! The insects are eating my leaves! B．Let’s celebrate the holiday May Day! C．Come to me, bee! Kill the insects! D．Let me give you some food and drinks! 2．Which of the following about plants’ sounds is TRUE? A．Some plants can talk to people. B．Plants like tomatoes make noises for greeting. C．Some animals can understand plants’ sounds. D．Scientists can grow healthy plants by talking to them. 3．What do plants use the “wood wide web” to do? A．Produce food with other plants. B．Give out chemicals to keep off insects. C．Send food to or take food from other plants. D．Connect the roots of different plants. 4．Why do scientists want to learn about plants’ talks? A．To create a “firewall” to stop insects. B．To help plants grow better. C．To build a bigger web for plants. D．To improve plants’ talking system. Passage 6（话题：环保之人工礁） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末） The Tappan Zee Bridge (塔本西大桥) was about for 62 years. It carried people across the Hudson River (哈德逊河), in New York. In 2018, it was given up, piece by piece. Now some workers are recycling these large pieces and are dropping these into the sea. The Tappan Zee will start a new life as an artificial reef (人工礁). Natural reefs are made of living things called corals (珊瑚). Other sea animals use coral reefs for food and shelter. And coral reefs are also great for people. Reefs make visitors more interested. Reefs help protect people by the sea from wind and rain, too. But coral reefs are in trouble. Some colorful lives called algae (水藻) live on coral. When sea waters get too hot or too cold, the algae go somewhere else. Without algae, the coral has no food. Its color turns white. This is called coral bleaching (漂白). Sometimes, the coral dies. Now about 93% of reef in Australia has been harmed by coral bleaching. Scientists say the reason is climate change and pollution. That’s why people are building artificial ones. The reefs are made from large objects placed on the sea floor. Over time, coral and algae start to grow on them. Workers build Artificial reefs by using many types of material. They can be stones, irons (铁), and concrete (混凝土). That is what happened with the Tappan Zee Bridge. 1．According to the text, where is Hudson River? A．In the USA． B．In the UK. C．In Australia. D．We don’t know. 2．What is the purpose (目的) of writing the first & second paragraph of the text? A．To explain the doubt. B．To lead in the topic. C．To provide the example. D．To express the worry. 3．What is the theme (主题) of this text? A．Man and Nature. B．Man and Society. C．Man and Self. D．Man and Family. 4．What’s the author’s attitude (态度) to the text? A．We don’t have to build more reefs. B．Saving our sea friends is important. C．Scientist’s research is more valuable. D．Tappan Zee Bridge is used again now. Passage 7 （话题：文化差异） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）What would people like to eat on their birthday? The answer would be different in different countries. In many countries, people have birthday cakes with candles. The number of candles is the person’s age. The birthday person must make a wish and blow out the candles. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go (一口气), the wish will come true. In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy is lucky. In China, it is getting popular to have cake on your birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthday. They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are a symbol of long life. In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthday. They are a symbol of life and good luck. All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the same. They bring good luck to the birthday person. 1．How can a person make his or her birthday wish come true? A．By having his or her birthday cake. B．By putting a candy in a birthday cake. C．By counting the number of the candles. D．By blowing out all the candles in one go. 2．People never cut up birthday noodles in China because ________. A．the noodles are very delicious B．noodles can bring a happy life C．the long noodles mean long life D．the long noodles show good luck 3．What do we probably know according to the text? A．People should eat eggs on their birthday. B．All the birthday foods in China are different. C．The ideas of all the birthday foods are the same. D．The birthday foods bring good luck to all people. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Good luck B．Birthday cakes C．A birthday person’s wish D．Birthday food around the world Passage 8（科学小实验） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）Hi, young scientist! Are you ready for some fun with science? Doing science experiments is so interesting and it helps us question what we learn, think deeply, and create new ideas. Here is an easy and fun experiment about air pressure (压力) that you can do at home or school. Let’s have a try!What do we need? ①a glass ②a piece of cardboard (硬纸板) ③some clean water How can we do it? Step One: Fill a glass with water. Step Two: Put a piece of cardboard over the glass. Step Three: Turn the glass over as quickly as possible. Step Four: Hold your hand on the cardboard for a few seconds. Step Five: Remove (移走) your hand from underneath of the glass. What will happen? The glass of water is upside down, but the water stays in the glass. Why does this experiment happen? This is because air pressure pushes the cardboard onto the glass. There is more air outside the glass than inside, so there is more air pressure outside than inside. 1．How many kinds of things do you need to do this experiment? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What is the second step of the experiment? A．Put a piece of cardboard over the glass. B．Turn the glass over as quickly as possible. C．Hold your hand on the cardboard for a while. D．Remove your hand from underneath of the glass. 3．What makes the piece of cardboard onto the glass? A．The hand. B．Air pressure. C．Clear water. D．The glass. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of the text? A．To help students develop interest in science. B．To let students know more about water facts. C．To talk about the importance of saving water. D．To call on people to take part in experiments. Passage 9（话题：节约用电） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）We all know electricity is useful in our lives. We get electricity by burning coal (煤), oil, and natural gas. But these ways pollute the air. Saving electricity means protecting our environment. What can we do to save electricity? When you leave a room, be sure to turn off lights and other machines such as TVs, computers, radios and DVD players. Keep doors and windows closed when the air conditioner is on. It needs more electricity with the door or the window open. Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth and take shorter showers. These will help save water and electricity as well. In the day, don’t turn on lights if possible. Use a larger one instead of a few small ones. Decide what you want from the fridge before opening it, so you won’t waste electricity by looking inside and keeping the door open. Before putting hot food into the fridge, cool it first. Cook several dishes in the oven (烤箱) at the same time. And keep the oven door closed until they are OK. Put enough clothes in the washing machine. Try to use cool water to wash them. 1．How many ways of getting electricity are there in the text? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What can we do if we want to save electricity? A．Put enough clothes in the washing machine. B．Open the door when the air conditioner is on. C．Use as many small lights as possible indoors. D．Put a lot of hot food into the fridge directly. 3．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．The machines. B．The showers. C．The dishes. D．The clothes. 4．What is the text mainly talking about? A．Where we can produce electricity. B．Why we can save electricity. C．When we can produce electricity. D．How we can save electricity. Passage 10（动物饮食与健康） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末） Do you get in trouble for giving your food to your dog under the table? A new study shows that by giving “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy. Many people only give their dogs dry dog food to eat. Scientists from the University of Helsinki, in Finland, say this diet (饮食) is actually not good for our pet dogs. According to the scientists, a dog might find foods like eggs, meat, and vegetables in its owner’s home. These foods may be better than a diet of just dog food. This is because having different kinds of food can produce more types of microbes (微生物). They are little living things in human and animal bodies. Some are bad for us, but many are good for us. They play important roles in helping us break down food in our bodies. A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study. 4,500 of them were under 6 months old, and the rest were between 6 and 18 months old. The owners were asked about what foods they had fed their pets and how often. When the dogs became grown-up, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less possible for CE symptoms later in life. Dr. Anna Hielm-Bjorkman told The Times of London, “Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why should a dog be different?” 1．What should dog owners do according to the new study? A．Buy more dry dog food. B．Make food by themselves. C．Eat different kinds of food. D．Share “people food” with dogs. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Where microbes live. B．How microbes break down food. C．Why dogs need different kinds of food. D．What dogs can find in their owners’ home. 3．How does the writer show the study in Paragraph 4 to make it believable? A．By telling stories. B．By giving numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By sharing examples. 4．What does the underlined sentence “why should a dog be different” mean? A．Dogs shouldn’t only eat dog food. B．We should see dogs as our children. C．Dogs should be different from children. D．We shouldn’t give the same food to children. 5．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passage? A．Sports. B．History. C．Science. D．Culture. Passage 11（话题：旅游景点） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末）Altay (阿勒泰), a place in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区), has become a famous place for tourists because of a successful TV show named To the Wonder《我的阿勒泰》. The show displayed the area’s amazing natural beauty, with mountains covered in snow, lakes that are very clear, and old villages that are still in good condition. Altay is also a favorite place for skiing during the cold season. People who study tourism say that Altay has always been famous for its beautiful nature, but it was no a popular place to visit before because it took a long time to travel there and the cost of staying in hotels was high. However, the popular TV show has made more people, especially young people, interested in visiting Altay. Even though it can be difficult to travel to Altay, experts think that the area could become a great place for tourists. Altay has different interesting things to see in summer and winter, so it can attract visitors all year. The people in charge of Altay are advised to keep making their area better for tourists by improving their tourism and cultural attractions, as well as making the places for tourists to stay and visit better. It is not the first time that a TV show has made a place more popular for tourists. In the last few years other places, like Dali in Yunnan Province, have also become popular tourist destinations (目的地) because of interesting TV dramas. By making tour products that include both natural beauty and cultural activities, Altay can make visiting even better and bring more people to see their special area. 1．What is Altay famous for now? A．Its amazing natural beauty. B．Its skiing activities in winter. C．Its popular TV show. D．Both A and B． 2．Before the TV show, why wasn’t Altay a popular tourist destination? A．Because it was far away and expensive to visit. B．Because it was unknown to most people. C．Because it didn’t have beautiful nature. D．Because it was too cold in winter. 3．What does the text suggest Altay should do to attract more tourists? A．Improve their transportation. B．Lower the cost of hotels. C．Improve tourism and cultural attractions. D．Make more TV shows. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Altay is the only place that has been popularized by TV shows. B．TV shows can help promote tourism. C．Dali is more popular than Altay. D．Altay should work harder to improve its natural beauty. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A successful TV show: To the Wonder B．Popular TV show turns Altay into trendy destination C．Tourism experts provide useful advice for Atlay D．Altay: beautiful landscapes with unique culture Passage 12（话题：科技DeepSeek） Do you know DeepSeek? It is a really cool artificial intelligence (AI). DeepSeek can do many amazing things. First, it can solve math and logic (逻辑) problems. If you don’t know the answer to a math problem, just ask DeepSeek. It will give you a clear answer quickly. It even solves hard problems like riddles (谜语). Second, DeepSeek is good at writing and editing (编辑). If you need a story, email or poem, you can tell it. Then DeepSeek can create one. For example, “Write a short poem about summer.” “Sun shines bright, skies so blue, beach days, ice cream, adventures new!” It says. Third, you can use many kinds of languages (语言) to ask DeepSeek for help. If you are a language learner, have a try! Then you will see great progress. DeepSeek is really useful. It can be like a good helper in your study and life. Can it do anything else? Sure! 1．DeepSeek can ________ according to the passage. ①answer questions  ②create stories  ③play games with you  ④help you learn English A．①②④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．How to use DeepSeek. B．How to make DeepSeek. C．A cool AI—DeepSeek. D．To buy DeepSeek. 3．What does the writer think of DeepSeek? A．Amazing but slow. B．Useless and boring. C．Helpful and cool. D．Interesting but impolite. 4．If we add (增加) another paragraph (段落) to this text, what will it probably talk about? A．The history of DeepSeek. B．How to make friends with DeepSeek. C．How to play games on DeepSeek. D．Some other things DeepSeek can do. Passage 13(话题：“风树发电”) （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末）When the wind blows, tree leaves move with it. What if we could “catch” the energy made by these leaves? A French scientist thought about this and made the Wind Tree. The Wind Tree is not a real tree. It just looks like one, with a white body and around 36 green “leaves”. The “leaves” are blades (扇叶) which can turn in the wind. When they turn, they create electricity, and then the machine collects it. The Wind Tree is like a wind turbine (风力涡轮机), but it’s much smaller. It’s about 5 to 10 meters tall and easy to build. Usually, the Wind Tree can make 18,000 kWh (千瓦时) of energy in a year. That’s enough to power a home of four people. If the wind is stronger, it can make a lot more electricity—about twice at most. Wind turbines may hurt birds because they may hit the blades by accident. But the Wind Tree doesn’t have this problem. The loud wind turbines usually sit on hills far away from people. But the Wind Tree is quiet. People can have them in gardens or city parks. 1．Why did the French scientist make Wind Tree? A．To move tree leaves quickly. B．To make more electricity. C．To help wind blow strongly. D．To make gardens beautiful. 2．What do we know about the Wind Tree in Paragraph 2? A．It has about 36 blades. B．It has a green body. C．It is a kind of real tree. D．It is difficult to build. 3．How much energy can a Wind Tree make at most in a year if the wind is stronger? A．About 9,000 kWh. B．About 18,000 kWh. C．About 27,000 kWh. D．About 36,000 kWh. 4．What does them in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Wind Trees. B．Wind turbines. C．Green leaves. D．Tree blades. 5．Which may be the best title of the article? A．Powered by a Tree B．Energy around Us C．Save the Wind Tree D．Facts about Real Trees Passage 14（话题：科普知识-动物） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末） Cockatoos are among the most amazing birds in the world. As members of the parrot family, they live in Australia and parts of Southeast Asia. Their special good looks, cleverness and living in groups make them popular pets. Cockatoos live long lives-around 70 years. One of the most unusual things about cockatoos is the crest (冠) of featners on their heads. The birds can raise these feathers if they want. If it is excited or scared, a cockatoo will raise its crest to show its feelings. It may not be easy for dogs to learn new skills, but it’s not a problem for cockatoos. Scientists believe they teach one another. In Sydney, Australia, these birds have learned to open the dustbins (垃圾箱). Then they can enjoy the food inside. At first, only birds in a few places of Sydney could do it. But two years later, birds in 44 places learned the skill. Cockatoos are also skillful at using tools. In the wild, some cockatoos use sticks to get insects from trees. Others use small stones to break open nuts. Cockatoos naturally enjoy doing things ________. In the wild, they form large groups. They make different sounds to talk with one another. They join in playful actions such as dancing and cleaning each other’s feathers. As pets, cockatoos can form strong relationships with their owners. But they need much care and attention. If they don’t get it, they can become bored and break things. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By using a saying. B．By telling a story. C．By giving some facts. D．By asking questions. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Cockatoos’ colour. B．Cockatoos’ head. C．Cockatoos’ height D．Cockatoos’ feeling. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．Cockatoos are very smart. B．Cockatoos are very popular. C．Cockatoos are very powerful. D．Cockatoos are very hard-working. 4．Which word is the best one for the blank in Paragraph 4? A．Alone. B．Noisily. C．Secretly. D．Together. 5．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．News. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Travel. Passage 15 （话题：科普知识-植物） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末） Why are the leaves on trees different colors? What makes them change color? Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The Sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in fall with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical. The hidden orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves turn to ice while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The Sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 1．What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A．It is a way of growing leaves. B．It is a way of changing colors. C．It is a way for animals to eat plants. D．It is a way to make food for plants. 2．Why are leaves green in summer? A．Because trees are making food for leaves. B．Because they are busy making food for trees. C．Because there is no other color inside leaves in summer. D．Because summer is playtime for the leaves of many trees. 3．What stops leaves from making the green chemical in fall? A．Less air in fall. B．Less time in fall. C．Less water in fall. D．Less sunlight in fall. 4．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The colors. B．The leaves. C．The trees. D．The animals. 5．What is the best title of the article? A．The colors of the tree leaves. B．The trees in different seasons. C．The importance of the sunlight. D．The changes of the four seasons. Passage 16（话题：科普知识-种树） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）① Planting a tree isn’t as easy as just digging a hole and throwing the tree into it. If you want the tree to grow up, here’s what to do. ② Choose the right time of year for planting the tree. Do not plant trees in late spring or summer because it will be too hot and may make them die. The best time to plant a tree is autumn or early spring. ③ Choose the right tree for the area, climate, and space. Look around and find out what trees are growing well in your area. Usually, it’s better to choose one of them. ④ Prepare the hole. Dig a hole that is 2-3 times bigger than the root ball, not just enough, so it will fit. This lets the roots grow better. ⑤ Put the tree into the hole gently. Be sure the hole isn’t too deep or too shallow (浅). The ground level of the plant in the pot should be the same as the ground level after you fill the hole. ⑥ Water the newly planted tree. Provide 4 litres (公升) of water for every six inches (英寸) of the tree. ⑦ Mulch (用腐叶覆盖). Fill the planting hole with 1-3:inches of leaf mulch. ⑧ Water it again. After the planting is finished, come back in about an hour and water it one more time. ⑨ Enjoy the tree as it grows over the years with your family and friends. Get pleasure from its beauty and thank yourself for adding another tree to the world. 1．What does the writer think of planting a tree in Paragraph 1? A．Easy. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Tiring. 2．What can we know about planting trees from the text? A．The hole should have the same size as the tree’s root ball. B．It’s a good idea to plant trees in early spring or autumn. C．We don’t need to cover the newly planted trees with leaves. D．We should water the newly planted trees again 10 minutes later. 3．What’s the best title for the text? A．How to plant trees B．How to take care of trees C．How to make the trees grow up D．How to prepare for Planting Days 4．Which of the following can best show the structure(结构) of the text? A．①②③→④⑤⑥⑦⑧→⑨ B．①→②③④⑤→⑥⑦⑧⑨ C．①→②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧→⑨ D．①②③④⑤⑥→⑦⑧⑨ Passage 17（科普知识） Does happiness matter? People have different opinions. Some think there are more important things to worry about, while others believe happiness is what everyone wants in life. To understand this, we first need to understand what happiness really means. Happiness is about our feelings, but it’s more than just a short moment of smiles or laughter. Instead, happiness is how we feel about our lives overall. Every day, we feel many different emotions. For example, feelings like fear and anger help protect us from danger, while happy feelings like joy and hope help us make friends and solve problems. Being happy doesn’t mean we should never feel sad or angry. Everyone has difficult times, and it’s normal (正常的) to have these feelings. True happiness means enjoying good times while also learning to deal with hard times. Research shows happiness plays an important role in success. Some might think happy people are less hardworking, but research shows the opposite is true. They actually perform (表现) better in their jobs, maintain better health, and build stronger relationships. In one study at Warwick University, scientists put participants (参与者) into two groups. The first group watched a happy, funny video while the second group watched a normal video. After watching, both groups did the same office task. The results showed that the first group did their tasks 11% better than the second one. Other researchers have found similar results. For example, business researchers studied companies for many years and found that companies with happier workers always did better in the market. Also, when scientists followed young people for many years, they saw that those who were happier in childhood usually were more successful when they grew up than those who were less happy. One of the reasons is that happiness can wake up the control center in children’s brains, to help weigh options more clearly, like choosing “study first, play later” instead of wasting time. In other words, happiness may lead to success, not just come from it. Of course, happiness doesn’t solve all problems. Happy people still have difficulties, and not all happy people are successful. But happiness does make life better in many ways. In the end, happiness is more than just a feeling. It helps us succeed, makes society stronger, and gives life its real meaning. 1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Happiness is not only a moment of joy. B．What the true meaning of happiness is. C．It is natural to have different feelings. D．Happiness is about people’s feelings. 2．What does the expression “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happiness is good for relationships. B．Hard work makes people successful. C．Happy people could do better work. D．Success leads to better health. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Happy workers did 11% more work than less happy ones. B．A happy childhood can ensure a happier life in adulthood. C．Happiness makes people overcome the bad feelings. D．Happiness can help people make better decisions. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss different people’s ideas about happiness. B．To compare happy people with others in research. C．To tell us that success is the key to happiness. D．To show that happiness is important for success. Passage 18（话题：志愿服务） 8.1 million people are waiting for calls from strangers worldwide. Some of them consider themselves introverts (内向的人), but as volunteers for Be My Eyes, they all have a kind heart. Be My Eyes was created in 2015 by Wiberg from Denmark. Blind people can use this free app to video call sighted (有视力的) volunteers when they need daily help. Today volunteers outnumber (数量超过) blind users by ten to one. It’s not easy for volunteers to get a call. Zhang Yanfei joined Be My Eyes in 2019 but didn’t receive her first call until four years later. Calls go out to many volunteers at the same time. If one doesn’t answer immediately, another volunteer will take the call. He Yanyan, a stage actress, once received her first call. A young man nervously asked, “Can this app really help?” Feeling nervous herself, she realized the man was also new to the platform. She pictured and explained the objects around him. The caller relaxed and asked if he looked tidy. After she told him that his clothes were clean, the conversation (谈话) continued for a few more rounds until the call was suddenly cut off. The volunteer wondered if she had sounded unfriendly. Cao Zhenxiang was also nervous during his first call. After he helped an elderly man check the expiration date (有效期) on his bread, the two thanked each other repeatedly. “I was so nervous that I didn’t even know why I was thanking him,” he said. Now, Cao feels much more confident. He recently helped a blind person cross the street while working on his computer. “It just felt like chatting with a friend.” he said. 1．What is the main purpose of the Be My Eyes app? A．To help blind people make friends with volunteers. B．To help blind people video call volunteers for daily tasks. C．To train introverts to become more outgoing. D．To provide free medical advice for blind people. 2．Why do volunteers sometimes find it difficult to receive calls on Be My Eyes? A．Because there are too few blind users on the platform. B．Because many volunteers receive calls, and the fastest answers. C．Because the app only allows experienced volunteers to answer calls. D．Because most volunteers are too busy to answer calls. 3．How did He Yanyan feel during her first call as a volunteer? A．Excited but impatient. B．Unfriendly and impolite. C．Confident and relaxed. D．Nervous but helpful. 4．What happened during Cao Zhenxiang’s first call? A．He helped a young man check his clothes. B．He guided a blind person to cross the street. C．He helped an old man read the bread’s expiration date. D．He taught a blind user how to use the app. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Blind People Get Help through Video Calls B．King Volunteers Love Helping Others C．A New App for Doing Voluntary Work D．Technology Helps People Become Confident Passage 19（话题：保护动物） Animals are important to us and they are our friends. But some of them are in great danger (危险) now. What can we do to help save them? Don’t eat wild animals’ meat. Some of us like to eat meat. But some meat comes from endangered (濒危的) animals. To save animals, don’t eat their meat. Don’t wear clothes made of fur (毛皮). Sometimes people kill (杀死) animals for their fur. If we don’t buy clothes made of fur, people will not kill animals. Please give away money to Animal Helpers. The group does everything to help save animals. But it often needs money. So save some money and give it away to the group to help animals. Tell people that it’s important to save animals. Not all people know animals are our friends and that we must save them. So why not tell people around us that it’s important to save animals? Do you have any other good ways to help save animals? Write to tell us. 1．How many ways to save animals are there in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2．What do some people kill animals for according to the text? A．Their food. B．Their home. C．Their teeth. D．Their meat and fur. 3．What can we know from the text? A．Some people don’t know it’s important to save animals. B．Animal Helpers sometimes needs money to save animals. C．Some animals are friendly to people and brings people fun. D．Some people always kill endangered animals for their meat. 4．What is the structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 5．What could be the best title (标题) for the text? A．How to Help Save Animals B．What to Do for Animal Helpers C．When to Help Save Animals D．Where to Find Many Animals Passage 20 （话题：兴趣和爱好） Many children want to develop a hobby. You’ll need to find different interests and decide which hobby really interests you. While, this may be hard to do, and here are four great reasons to work it in: Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can build his skill. This leads to positive (积极的) results and builds teenager’s confidence. A hobby helps teens have a sense of his identity (个性). Our likes and dislikes help let us know who we are as people. Hobbies help by sending a signal, “I like doing this. This makes me feel good about me. Therefore, this is a part of who I am.” Hobbies keep teens from getting bored. Bored teens look for things to do and are more likely to do something bad. Helping teens develop a hobby is helping them stay out of trouble. Hobbies will help teens to get on well with their parents. When a teen is busy with a hobby, his parents have easy access (机会) to something to praise him about. They can communicate with each other easily. 1．According to the passage, hobbies can make kids________. A．be sure something they want will happen in the way B．know they are different from their parents C．feel a little bad about themselves D．not be a good student at school 2．If Jim has a hobby, he will ________ in his free time. A．be bored B．be in trouble C．make a lot of money D．feel happy 3．Hobbies will help teens to get on well with their parents because ________. A．teens are busy and have no time to fight with parents B．parents never praise them about their hobbies C．parents have an interesting topic to talk with children D．teens have to ask their parents for some money 4．The passage above is mainly about ________. A．it’s not easy to find a hobby B．how to develop a hobby C．who we are as people D．why teens need a hobby 5．The passage may come from ________. A．an advertisement B．a school magazine C．a novel D．a science fiction 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【期末备考】专题07 阅读理解说明文20篇 （紧跟新教材·广州深圳沈阳通用） 阅读理解说明文题型特点 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。 说明文主要采用以下结构： 总分式: 总——分式和分——总式结构，以及完整的“总——分——总”结构。 递进式: 事理说明文常用这种结构形式，通常由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质，逐层递进，一层一层地剖析事理。 并列式：文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分。 对照式：通过两个事物的比较和对照说明其异同。 阅读说明文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息： A. 说明的对象 B. 说明对象的特征 C. 说明的方法（例证法；定义法；分类法；因果关系法；比较对照法；过程分析法） 【思维导图】 【期末真题+模拟预测·紧跟新教材】 Passage 1 （话题：旅游相关） More ways of travel are quietly getting popularity among young people in China. What they want is a special kind of joy! “Military-style” travel is becoming very popular among Chinese college students. They try to visit as many places as possible during weekends while spending very little money. They often don’t take breaks or even sleep so that they can save more time. This kind of travel is also called a budget-friendly way for students with less money. Another trend (趋势) is “dazi travel”. It means travelling with partners or sometimes strangers. People may find travel partners online. It’s like opening a mystery box—there is a lot of luck during the travel. Sometimes it’s fun, but sometimes it’s not. City walks are also popular. Young people walk around cities to discover historical landmarks, cultural sites, and special places. It’s a great way to learn about different cities. “Reverse tourism” is a new trend. Instead of going to famous and crowded places, young travelers choose less known places. They want to have unusual and relaxed experiences. There is also a fun activity called the “seal-collecting tour”. Travelers collect seals from stores and places of interest. These seals help them remember their trips. Every time they see the seals, they feel happy. 1．What does the underlined “budget-friendly” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Crazier. B．Expensive. C．Cheaper. D．Dangerous. 2．Why is “dazi travel” like opening a mystery box? A．It is another trend of travelling. B．People need some travel partners. C．It is always fun during the travel. D．People never know what will happen. 3．How does the writer present the text? A．By sharing past and present travels. B．By introducing the history of tourism. C．By showing different types of travelling. D．By explaining the advantages of the trips. 4．Which activity helps travelers remember their trips through special objects? A．Military-style travel. B．City walks. C．Reverse tourism. D．Seal-collecting tour. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The best way to travel. B．Making plans before travelling. C．Travelling are getting more popular, D．Young Chinese are making new ways to travel. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种比较受欢迎的旅游方式。 1．词句猜测题。根据后文“for students with less money”可知，这种旅游方式更便宜。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“It’s like opening a mystery box—there is a lot of luck during the travel. Sometimes it’s fun, but sometimes it’s not.”可知，这种旅行充满了运气，你不知道会发生什么。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“More ways of travel are quietly getting popularity among young people in China.”以及下文作者分别列举了五种比较受欢迎的旅游方式，由此可见作者主要采取了列举的方式。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“There is also a fun activity called the ‘seal-collecting tour’. Travelers collect seals from stores and places of interest. These seals help them remember their trips. ”可知，“集章式旅行”让游客通过特别的物品来记住他们的旅行。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据“More ways of travel are quietly getting popularity among young people in China.”以及全文可知，介绍了几种比较受年轻人欢迎的新的旅游方式。故选D。 Passage 2（话题：著名人物之时代楷模） As a part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary (周年) of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), 42 people were awarded national medals and national honorary titles in 2019. They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people. All have made big contributions to the nation’s construction and development. Here are some of the people. The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. Tu, who won the Nobel Prize for her discovery of the antimalarial drug (抗疟药)—artemisinin (青蒿素) in 2015, is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important scientific innovation (创新) in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Nan Rendong, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST, 500 米口径球面射电望远镜). He worked on the project for more than 20 years. His contributions to Chinese astronomy earned him the national honorary title of People’s Scientist. Thanks to the great efforts made by these great people, we can live in a peaceful country. 1．________ people won the Medal of the Republic in 2019. A．5 B．6 C．8 D．42 2．People from different backgrounds below are mentioned in the article except ________. A．doctors B．artists C．scientists D．foreigners 3．What do we know about Tu Youyou? A．She won the Nobel Prize in 2017. B．She has saved millions of people around the world. C．She is the only one who were awarded the Medal of the Republic. D．She has made Traditional Chinese Medicine enter all the countries. 4．The main purpose of the passage is ________. A．to express thanks to foreign heroes B．to describe how to get the national honorary titles C．to tell readers what makes a good role model D．to introduce some of the people who won national awards 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】语篇导读 本文主要介绍了以屠呦呦和南仁东为代表的国家勋章和国家荣誉称号获得者。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Republic.”可知，2019年共有八人获得了共和国勋章。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“They come from different backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese people.”可知，没有提到医生。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“She has saved millions of lives worldwide.”可知，屠呦呦拯救了全世界数百万人的生命。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了以屠呦呦和南仁东为首的国家勋章和国家荣誉称号获得者。故选D。 Passage 3（话题：节约水资源） All living things on the Earth need water to live. Yet humans are facing serious water problems. According to the United Nations, today over 663 million people live without a safe water supply close to home. To remind people of the importance of water, the UN first set up World Water Day in 1993. It is on March 22 each year. From March 22 to 28 is also the China Water Week. The first year’s theme is “Waste water”. It tried to call on people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it. In Australia people make good use of waste water. Most Australians have a grass lawn around their home instead of washing the car in the street. Many of them wash it on the lawn to keep the grass longer so that it covers the ground and reduce evaporation (蒸发). Rainwater may seem useless to you. But you can also reuse it. People in Germany collect rainwater to wash their toilets. Most houses in the country that are built in the last few years have rainwater collection devices (设备). Rainwater is collected from the root, and then linked to the toilet. But if you don’t have the device just put a bucket (桶) under your roof when it rains. Water makes up 71 percent of the Earth’s surface. But we can only use a very small part of it. Only about 3 percent of the world’s water is fresh water. It’s in lakes, rivers and underground. Over 80 percent of the waste water in the world goes back into the nature. It has not been cleaned and pollutes the rivers and lakes. Unsafe water makes around 842 ,000 people die each year. By 2030, about half of the world’s population could be facing water problem. By 2050, as many as seven billion people across the world could not have enough water supplies. The world’s population might be 9. 3 billion by then. 1．From Paragraph 1, we can learn that ________. A．people around the world are facing serious water problems B．water is always the most important in our school lives C．saving water can help us better improve the environment D．people in different places have different habits to use water 2．The first year’s aim of the China Water Week was to________. A．collect rainwater to wash their toilets B．remind people of the importance of water C．put a bucket under your roof when it rains D．call on people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it 3．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To share his rich knowledge about water. B．To warn more people to save water. C．To show how water problems change the world. D．To tell people how to discover safe water supply. 4．Which of the following would be the title of the passage? A．Water in the world has become less and less B．Unsafe water makes so many people die C．Our planet will face serious water problems D．Learn to save water to protect our planet 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。地球上所有的生物都需要水才能生存。然而，人类面临着严峻的水资源问题。因此，我们要节约水资源来保护我们的地球。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Yet humans are facing serious water problems.”可知，世界各地的人们都面临着严重的水资源问题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“The first year’s theme is ‘Waste water’. It tried to call on people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it.”可知，“中国水周”第一年的目标是号召人们重新利用废水，而不是浪费。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是警示更多人要节约用水。故选B。 4．最佳标题。通读全文可知，人类面临着严峻的水资源问题，故我们要学会节约用水来保护我们的地球。故文章的最佳标题应是“学会节约用水来保护我们的地球”。故选D。 Passage 4 （话题：职业） People often talk about jobs. But when I tell others what I do for a living, they can hardly believe this job exists (存在). But I’m not joking at all. I spend my days at work eating chocolate! I taste chocolate to make sure that people can get excellent chocolate from our factory. Every week, I receive (收到) chocolate from our factory. I have to check it for taste and smell. I also have to taste raw materials (原材料) we usually use. I spend days choosing the best ones to go into the chocolate. Just beside my office, I have a kitchen. I test and taste chocolate I make there. My kitchen is full of machines. It’s wonderful to work there during the day. No two days are the same in this job. Sometimes I am in the kitchen. Sometimes I’m out of the country buying the raw materials we need and because I have a young family, that can be difficult. But I love this job because it’s enjoyable. The question is that many people ask me if I get bored of chocolate. I’ve worked with it for a long time, but I’ve never felt I didn’t want to eat it. In fact, I often eat some more in the morning at home! 1．When the writer tells people about his job, they ________. A．think he is joking B．believe it must be very easy C．tell him some ways of improving it D．want to know why he chose this kind of work 2．Which of the following does the writer do in his work? ①selling chocolate machines                ②testing and tasting chocolate ③choosing raw materials of chocolate     ④buying chocolate of different tastes A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 3．What does the writer think of his job? A．Boring. B．Enjoyable. C．Tiring. D．Worrying. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Making Chocolate B．The Beginning of My Career C．Loving Chocolate D．My Job 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个与众不同的职业——巧克力品尝师。 1．细节理解题。根据“But when I tell others what I do for a living, they can hardly believe this career exists (存在). But I’m not joking at all.”可知，当作者告诉人们他的工作时，他们认为他在开玩笑。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“I have to check it for taste and smell. I also have to taste raw materials (原材料) we usually use. I spend days choosing the best ones to go into the chocolate.”和“I test and taste chocolate I make there.”可知，作者在工作中测试和品尝巧克力，并选择巧克力的原材料。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“But I love this job because it’s enjoyable.”可知，作者认为他的工作是令人愉快的。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了作者的工作——品尝巧克力以确保人们能从他们的工厂得到优质的巧克力。因此，最好的标题是My job“我的工作”。故选D。 Passage 5 （话题：科普知识 植物研究） （23-24七年级下·广东广州·期末）Plants use chemicals to talk with each other. This happens when insects are eating a plant’s leaves. Then, the plant gives out chemicals from those leaves. This is like a warning, or a call for help, “Mayday, mayday!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others make the bees interested in the plant. The bees will come and kill those harmful insects. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system (系统). So we can use it to grow more crops. More surprisingly, plants also make sounds. But people can’t hear these sounds. Some plants, such as corn and chili plants, make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is little water. Plants, like tomatoes, make a sound when they are weak. When animals like bats hear them, they will come to help. Scientists are trying to listen to these sick plants. Then they can find new ways to grow healthier plants without touching them. Most surprisingly of all, plants have a wonderful talking system. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”, just like the Internet we use. The plants, such as fungi, connect the roots of different plants and make the web under the ground. By using the web, plants can greet each other and give food to others. However, not all plants are friendly. Some may use it to take other plants’ food, or send chemicals to hurt other plants. Probably one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help stop these fights. Scientists are learning more about how plants talk so that they can grow better. Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 1．Which sentence can replace(代替) “Mayday, mayday!” in paragraph 1? A．Be careful! The insects are eating my leaves! B．Let’s celebrate the holiday May Day! C．Come to me, bee! Kill the insects! D．Let me give you some food and drinks! 2．Which of the following about plants’ sounds is TRUE? A．Some plants can talk to people. B．Plants like tomatoes make noises for greeting. C．Some animals can understand plants’ sounds. D．Scientists can grow healthy plants by talking to them. 3．What do plants use the “wood wide web” to do? A．Produce food with other plants. B．Give out chemicals to keep off insects. C．Send food to or take food from other plants. D．Connect the roots of different plants. 4．Why do scientists want to learn about plants’ talks? A．To create a “firewall” to stop insects. B．To help plants grow better. C．To build a bigger web for plants. D．To improve plants’ talking system. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了植物之间如何通过化学物质和声音进行交流，以及科学家如何研究这些交流方式以帮助植物更好地生长。 1．词句猜测题。根据“This is like a warning, or a call for help.”可知，当昆虫正在吃植物的叶子时，植物会从叶子中释放化学物质，这就像是一个警告或求救信号。所以选项A“小心！昆虫正在吃我的叶子！”最能代替“Mayday, mayday!”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“When animals like bats hear them, they will come to help.”可知 ，一些动物如蝙蝠可以听到植物的声音，并会来帮助它们。所以选项C“一些动物可以理解植物的声音”是正确的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The plants, such as fungi, connect the roots of different plants and make the web under the ground.”可知，植物使用“木质广域网”来连接不同植物的根部，并在地下形成网络。所以选项D“连接不同植物的根部”是正确的。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Scientists are learning more about how plants talk so that they can grow better.”可知，科学家正在学习更多关于植物交流的知识，以便它们可以更好地生长。所以选项B“帮助植物更好地生长”是正确的。故选B。 Passage 6（话题：环保之人工礁） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末） The Tappan Zee Bridge (塔本西大桥) was about for 62 years. It carried people across the Hudson River (哈德逊河), in New York. In 2018, it was given up, piece by piece. Now some workers are recycling these large pieces and are dropping these into the sea. The Tappan Zee will start a new life as an artificial reef (人工礁). Natural reefs are made of living things called corals (珊瑚). Other sea animals use coral reefs for food and shelter. And coral reefs are also great for people. Reefs make visitors more interested. Reefs help protect people by the sea from wind and rain, too. But coral reefs are in trouble. Some colorful lives called algae (水藻) live on coral. When sea waters get too hot or too cold, the algae go somewhere else. Without algae, the coral has no food. Its color turns white. This is called coral bleaching (漂白). Sometimes, the coral dies. Now about 93% of reef in Australia has been harmed by coral bleaching. Scientists say the reason is climate change and pollution. That’s why people are building artificial ones. The reefs are made from large objects placed on the sea floor. Over time, coral and algae start to grow on them. Workers build Artificial reefs by using many types of material. They can be stones, irons (铁), and concrete (混凝土). That is what happened with the Tappan Zee Bridge. 1．According to the text, where is Hudson River? A．In the USA． B．In the UK. C．In Australia. D．We don’t know. 2．What is the purpose (目的) of writing the first & second paragraph of the text? A．To explain the doubt. B．To lead in the topic. C．To provide the example. D．To express the worry. 3．What is the theme (主题) of this text? A．Man and Nature. B．Man and Society. C．Man and Self. D．Man and Family. 4．What’s the author’s attitude (态度) to the text? A．We don’t have to build more reefs. B．Saving our sea friends is important. C．Scientist’s research is more valuable. D．Tappan Zee Bridge is used again now. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了由于珊瑚礁的减少，人们开始建造人工礁。 1．细节理解题。根据“It carried people across the Hudson River (哈德逊河), in New York.”可知，哈德逊河在美国纽约。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章一二段内容可知，一二段通过介绍塔本西大桥被拆，将作为人工礁开始新的生活，以引出文章的主题人们开始建造人工礁。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了人们开始建造人工礁的原因，属于人与自然类文章。故选A。 4．观点态度题。根据“Other sea animals use coral reefs for food and shelter. And coral reefs are also great for people. Reefs make visitors more interested. Reefs help protect people by the sea from wind and rain, too.”及“Now about 93% of reef in Australia has been harmed by coral bleaching. Scientists say the reason is climate change and pollution.”可知，礁石对海洋动物及人类都很有好处，然而由于气候变化及污染，礁石处于危险中，因此我们需要建造人工礁石，由此可知，作者认为拯救我们的海洋朋友是很重要的。故选B。 Passage 7 （话题：文化差异） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）What would people like to eat on their birthday? The answer would be different in different countries. In many countries, people have birthday cakes with candles. The number of candles is the person’s age. The birthday person must make a wish and blow out the candles. If he or she blows out all the candles in one go (一口气), the wish will come true. In the UK, people sometimes put a candy in a birthday cake. The child with the candy is lucky. In China, it is getting popular to have cake on your birthday. But many people still eat very long noodles for their birthday. They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are a symbol of long life. In some places, Chinese people also eat eggs on their birthday. They are a symbol of life and good luck. All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the same. They bring good luck to the birthday person. 1．How can a person make his or her birthday wish come true? A．By having his or her birthday cake. B．By putting a candy in a birthday cake. C．By counting the number of the candles. D．By blowing out all the candles in one go. 2．People never cut up birthday noodles in China because ________. A．the noodles are very delicious B．noodles can bring a happy life C．the long noodles mean long life D．the long noodles show good luck 3．What do we probably know according to the text? A．People should eat eggs on their birthday. B．All the birthday foods in China are different. C．The ideas of all the birthday foods are the same. D．The birthday foods bring good luck to all people. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Good luck B．Birthday cakes C．A birthday person’s wish D．Birthday food around the world 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界各地的人们庆祝生日时吃什么。 1．细节理解题。根据“If he or she blows out all the candles in one go (一口气), the wish will come true.”可知，人们一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛，愿望就能成真。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“They never cut up the noodles because the long noodles are a symbol of long life.”可知，在中国，人们不切碎生日面条，是因为长寿面代表着长寿。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“All of these birthday foods may be different, but the ideas are the same. They bring good luck to the birthday person.”可知，所有生日食物可能有所不同，但它们的意义一样，都会给寿星带来好运。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了世界各地的人们庆祝生日时吃什么。选项D“世界各地的生日食物”作为标题最为合适。故选D。 Passage 8（科学小实验） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）Hi, young scientist! Are you ready for some fun with science? Doing science experiments is so interesting and it helps us question what we learn, think deeply, and create new ideas. Here is an easy and fun experiment about air pressure (压力) that you can do at home or school. Let’s have a try!What do we need? ①a glass ②a piece of cardboard (硬纸板) ③some clean water How can we do it? Step One: Fill a glass with water. Step Two: Put a piece of cardboard over the glass. Step Three: Turn the glass over as quickly as possible. Step Four: Hold your hand on the cardboard for a few seconds. Step Five: Remove (移走) your hand from underneath of the glass. What will happen? The glass of water is upside down, but the water stays in the glass. Why does this experiment happen? This is because air pressure pushes the cardboard onto the glass. There is more air outside the glass than inside, so there is more air pressure outside than inside. 1．How many kinds of things do you need to do this experiment? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What is the second step of the experiment? A．Put a piece of cardboard over the glass. B．Turn the glass over as quickly as possible. C．Hold your hand on the cardboard for a while. D．Remove your hand from underneath of the glass. 3．What makes the piece of cardboard onto the glass? A．The hand. B．Air pressure. C．Clear water. D．The glass. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of the text? A．To help students develop interest in science. B．To let students know more about water facts. C．To talk about the importance of saving water. D．To call on people to take part in experiments. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个有趣的实验，目的是为了培养学生们的科学兴趣。 1．细节理解题。根据“What do we need?”下面的“①a glass ②a piece of cardboard (硬纸板) ③some clean water”可知，一共需要三种材料。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“How can we do it?”下面的“Step Two: Put a piece of cardboard over the glass.”可知，第二步是在玻璃杯上盖一块硬纸板。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This is because air pressure pushes the cardboard onto the glass.”可知，这是因为空气压力将硬纸板推到玻璃杯上。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hi, young scientist! Are you ready for some fun with science? Doing science experiments is so interesting and it helps us question what we learn, think deeply, and create new ideas. Here is an easy and fun experiment about air pressure (压力) that you can do at home or school. Let’s have a try!”并通读全文可知，文章介绍了一个有趣的实验，目的是为了培养学生们的科学兴趣。故选A。 Passage 9（话题：节约用电） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）We all know electricity is useful in our lives. We get electricity by burning coal (煤), oil, and natural gas. But these ways pollute the air. Saving electricity means protecting our environment. What can we do to save electricity? When you leave a room, be sure to turn off lights and other machines such as TVs, computers, radios and DVD players. Keep doors and windows closed when the air conditioner is on. It needs more electricity with the door or the window open. Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth and take shorter showers. These will help save water and electricity as well. In the day, don’t turn on lights if possible. Use a larger one instead of a few small ones. Decide what you want from the fridge before opening it, so you won’t waste electricity by looking inside and keeping the door open. Before putting hot food into the fridge, cool it first. Cook several dishes in the oven (烤箱) at the same time. And keep the oven door closed until they are OK. Put enough clothes in the washing machine. Try to use cool water to wash them. 1．How many ways of getting electricity are there in the text? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What can we do if we want to save electricity? A．Put enough clothes in the washing machine. B．Open the door when the air conditioner is on. C．Use as many small lights as possible indoors. D．Put a lot of hot food into the fridge directly. 3．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．The machines. B．The showers. C．The dishes. D．The clothes. 4．What is the text mainly talking about? A．Where we can produce electricity. B．Why we can save electricity. C．When we can produce electricity. D．How we can save electricity. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何节约用电的方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“We get electricity by burning coal (煤), oil, and natural gas. But these ways pollute the air.”可知我们通过燃烧煤、石油和天然气来获得电力。但这些方式会污染空气。因此共三种。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Put enough clothes in the washing machine.”可知，把足够的衣服放进洗衣机。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Cook several dishes in the oven (烤箱) at the same time. And keep the oven door closed until they are OK.”可知，在烤箱里同时做几道菜。把烤箱门关上，直到它们熟了。此处“they”指代上文的“菜”，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了如何节约用电。故选D。 Passage 10（动物饮食与健康） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末） Do you get in trouble for giving your food to your dog under the table? A new study shows that by giving “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy. Many people only give their dogs dry dog food to eat. Scientists from the University of Helsinki, in Finland, say this diet (饮食) is actually not good for our pet dogs. According to the scientists, a dog might find foods like eggs, meat, and vegetables in its owner’s home. These foods may be better than a diet of just dog food. This is because having different kinds of food can produce more types of microbes (微生物). They are little living things in human and animal bodies. Some are bad for us, but many are good for us. They play important roles in helping us break down food in our bodies. A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study. 4,500 of them were under 6 months old, and the rest were between 6 and 18 months old. The owners were asked about what foods they had fed their pets and how often. When the dogs became grown-up, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less possible for CE symptoms later in life. Dr. Anna Hielm-Bjorkman told The Times of London, “Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why should a dog be different?” 1．What should dog owners do according to the new study? A．Buy more dry dog food. B．Make food by themselves. C．Eat different kinds of food. D．Share “people food” with dogs. 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Where microbes live. B．How microbes break down food. C．Why dogs need different kinds of food. D．What dogs can find in their owners’ home. 3．How does the writer show the study in Paragraph 4 to make it believable? A．By telling stories. B．By giving numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By sharing examples. 4．What does the underlined sentence “why should a dog be different” mean? A．Dogs shouldn’t only eat dog food. B．We should see dogs as our children. C．Dogs should be different from children. D．We shouldn’t give the same food to children. 5．In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the passage? A．Sports. B．History. C．Science. D．Culture. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍通过分享“人类食物”，实际上可能有助于保持宠物健康。 1．细节理解题。根据“A new study shows that by giving ‘people food’, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy.”可知，一项新的研究表明，通过分享“人类食物”，实际上可能有助于保持你的宠物健康。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据“This is because having different kinds of food can produce more types of microbes”以及本段内容可知本段主要解释了为什么狗需要不同种类的食物。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“When the dogs became grown-up, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less possible for CE symptoms later in life.”可知，本段主要通过列数字使研究可信，故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why should a dog be different?”可知此处是指狗不应该只吃狗粮。故选A。 5．推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，介绍通过分享“人类食物”，实际上可能有助于保持宠物健康。因此可能来自报纸的科学部分，故选C。 Passage 11（话题：旅游景点） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末）Altay (阿勒泰), a place in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区), has become a famous place for tourists because of a successful TV show named To the Wonder《我的阿勒泰》. The show displayed the area’s amazing natural beauty, with mountains covered in snow, lakes that are very clear, and old villages that are still in good condition. Altay is also a favorite place for skiing during the cold season. People who study tourism say that Altay has always been famous for its beautiful nature, but it was no a popular place to visit before because it took a long time to travel there and the cost of staying in hotels was high. However, the popular TV show has made more people, especially young people, interested in visiting Altay. Even though it can be difficult to travel to Altay, experts think that the area could become a great place for tourists. Altay has different interesting things to see in summer and winter, so it can attract visitors all year. The people in charge of Altay are advised to keep making their area better for tourists by improving their tourism and cultural attractions, as well as making the places for tourists to stay and visit better. It is not the first time that a TV show has made a place more popular for tourists. In the last few years other places, like Dali in Yunnan Province, have also become popular tourist destinations (目的地) because of interesting TV dramas. By making tour products that include both natural beauty and cultural activities, Altay can make visiting even better and bring more people to see their special area. 1．What is Altay famous for now? A．Its amazing natural beauty. B．Its skiing activities in winter. C．Its popular TV show. D．Both A and B． 2．Before the TV show, why wasn’t Altay a popular tourist destination? A．Because it was far away and expensive to visit. B．Because it was unknown to most people. C．Because it didn’t have beautiful nature. D．Because it was too cold in winter. 3．What does the text suggest Altay should do to attract more tourists? A．Improve their transportation. B．Lower the cost of hotels. C．Improve tourism and cultural attractions. D．Make more TV shows. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Altay is the only place that has been popularized by TV shows. B．TV shows can help promote tourism. C．Dali is more popular than Altay. D．Altay should work harder to improve its natural beauty. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A successful TV show: To the Wonder B．Popular TV show turns Altay into trendy destination C．Tourism experts provide useful advice for Atlay D．Altay: beautiful landscapes with unique culture 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲了关于阿勒泰地区的旅游景点和近期因电视节目《我的阿勒泰》而增加的知名度的详细信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“he show displayed the area’s amazing natural beauty”以及“Altay is also a favorite place for skiing during the cold season.”可知，阿勒泰地区现在以迷人的自然风光和冬季的滑冰活动而著名。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“but it was no a popular place to visit before because it took a long time to travel there and the cost of staying in hotels was high.”可知，她之前不是流行的地方是因为路途太远，另外住宾馆的费用太高。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The people in charge of Altay are advised to keep making their area better for tourists by improving their tourism and cultural attractions, as well as making the places for tourists to stay and visit better.”可知，改善旅游和文化景点可以帮助阿勒泰吸引更多的游客。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is not the first time that a TV show has made a place more popular for tourists...make visiting even better and bring more people to see their special area.”可知，电视节目让一个地方更受游客欢迎，故推测出电视节目有助于促进旅游业。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，主要讲了关于阿勒泰地区的旅游景点和近期因电视节目《我的阿勒泰》而增加的知名度的详细信息。故最佳标题为：热门电视节目让阿勒泰变成时尚目的地。故选B。 Passage 12（话题：科技DeepSeek） Do you know DeepSeek? It is a really cool artificial intelligence (AI). DeepSeek can do many amazing things. First, it can solve math and logic (逻辑) problems. If you don’t know the answer to a math problem, just ask DeepSeek. It will give you a clear answer quickly. It even solves hard problems like riddles (谜语). Second, DeepSeek is good at writing and editing (编辑). If you need a story, email or poem, you can tell it. Then DeepSeek can create one. For example, “Write a short poem about summer.” “Sun shines bright, skies so blue, beach days, ice cream, adventures new!” It says. Third, you can use many kinds of languages (语言) to ask DeepSeek for help. If you are a language learner, have a try! Then you will see great progress. DeepSeek is really useful. It can be like a good helper in your study and life. Can it do anything else? Sure! 1．DeepSeek can ________ according to the passage. ①answer questions  ②create stories  ③play games with you  ④help you learn English A．①②④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．②③④ 2．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．How to use DeepSeek. B．How to make DeepSeek. C．A cool AI—DeepSeek. D．To buy DeepSeek. 3．What does the writer think of DeepSeek? A．Amazing but slow. B．Useless and boring. C．Helpful and cool. D．Interesting but impolite. 4．If we add (增加) another paragraph (段落) to this text, what will it probably talk about? A．The history of DeepSeek. B．How to make friends with DeepSeek. C．How to play games on DeepSeek. D．Some other things DeepSeek can do. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能DeepSeek的功能和特点。 1．细节理解题。根据“First, it can solve math and logic problems…just ask DeepSeek. It will give you a clear answer quickly.”可知，DeepSeek能回答问题；根据“Second, DeepSeek is good at writing and editing…If you need a story, email or poem, you can tell it.”可知，它能创作故事；根据“Third, you can use many kinds of languages…If you are a language learner, have a try!”可知，它能帮助学习语言。文中未提及“玩游戏”。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据“It is a really cool artificial intelligence (AI). DeepSeek can do many amazing things.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能DeepSeek的功能和特点。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据“It is a really cool artificial intelligence…really useful…like a good helper”可知，作者认为DeepSeek既酷炫又实用。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Can it do anything else? Sure!”可知下文会继续列举其他功能，选项D“DeepSeek的其他功能”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 13(话题：“风树发电”) （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末）When the wind blows, tree leaves move with it. What if we could “catch” the energy made by these leaves? A French scientist thought about this and made the Wind Tree. The Wind Tree is not a real tree. It just looks like one, with a white body and around 36 green “leaves”. The “leaves” are blades (扇叶) which can turn in the wind. When they turn, they create electricity, and then the machine collects it. The Wind Tree is like a wind turbine (风力涡轮机), but it’s much smaller. It’s about 5 to 10 meters tall and easy to build. Usually, the Wind Tree can make 18,000 kWh (千瓦时) of energy in a year. That’s enough to power a home of four people. If the wind is stronger, it can make a lot more electricity—about twice at most. Wind turbines may hurt birds because they may hit the blades by accident. But the Wind Tree doesn’t have this problem. The loud wind turbines usually sit on hills far away from people. But the Wind Tree is quiet. People can have them in gardens or city parks. 1．Why did the French scientist make Wind Tree? A．To move tree leaves quickly. B．To make more electricity. C．To help wind blow strongly. D．To make gardens beautiful. 2．What do we know about the Wind Tree in Paragraph 2? A．It has about 36 blades. B．It has a green body. C．It is a kind of real tree. D．It is difficult to build. 3．How much energy can a Wind Tree make at most in a year if the wind is stronger? A．About 9,000 kWh. B．About 18,000 kWh. C．About 27,000 kWh. D．About 36,000 kWh. 4．What does them in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Wind Trees. B．Wind turbines. C．Green leaves. D．Tree blades. 5．Which may be the best title of the article? A．Powered by a Tree B．Energy around Us C．Save the Wind Tree D．Facts about Real Trees 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了“风树”的由来，外形和作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When the wind blows, tree leaves move with it. What if we could ‘catch’ the energy made by these leaves? A French scientist thought about this and made the Wind Tree.”可知，法国科学家制作风树是为了产生更多的电。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It just looks like one, with a white body and around 36 green ‘leaves’.”可知有大约36个叶片。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Usually, the Wind Tree can make 18,000 kWh (千瓦时) of energy in a year.”可知，风树可以发电18000千瓦时的能量。故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据前文“But the Wind Tree is quiet.”可知此处提及风树，此处的them应指Wind Trees。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据第一段“A French scientist thought about this and made the Wind Tree.”（一位法国科学家对此进行了思考，并制作了风树。）以及第二段“When they turn, they create electricity, and then the machine collects it.”（当它们转动时，它们会产生电力，然后机器会收集电力。）可知，本文讲了一位法国科学家发明的风树，它可以发电，所以本文的最佳标题是“一棵树产生的电力”。故选A。 Passage 14（话题：科普知识-动物） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末） Cockatoos are among the most amazing birds in the world. As members of the parrot family, they live in Australia and parts of Southeast Asia. Their special good looks, cleverness and living in groups make them popular pets. Cockatoos live long lives-around 70 years. One of the most unusual things about cockatoos is the crest (冠) of featners on their heads. The birds can raise these feathers if they want. If it is excited or scared, a cockatoo will raise its crest to show its feelings. It may not be easy for dogs to learn new skills, but it’s not a problem for cockatoos. Scientists believe they teach one another. In Sydney, Australia, these birds have learned to open the dustbins (垃圾箱). Then they can enjoy the food inside. At first, only birds in a few places of Sydney could do it. But two years later, birds in 44 places learned the skill. Cockatoos are also skillful at using tools. In the wild, some cockatoos use sticks to get insects from trees. Others use small stones to break open nuts. Cockatoos naturally enjoy doing things ________. In the wild, they form large groups. They make different sounds to talk with one another. They join in playful actions such as dancing and cleaning each other’s feathers. As pets, cockatoos can form strong relationships with their owners. But they need much care and attention. If they don’t get it, they can become bored and break things. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By using a saying. B．By telling a story. C．By giving some facts. D．By asking questions. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Cockatoos’ colour. B．Cockatoos’ head. C．Cockatoos’ height D．Cockatoos’ feeling. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．Cockatoos are very smart. B．Cockatoos are very popular. C．Cockatoos are very powerful. D．Cockatoos are very hard-working. 4．Which word is the best one for the blank in Paragraph 4? A．Alone. B．Noisily. C．Secretly. D．Together. 5．In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A．News. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Travel. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了凤头鹦鹉。 1．推理判断题。根据“Cockatoos are among the most amazing birds in the world. As members of the parrot family, they live in Australia and parts of Southeast Asia.”可知，文章第一段介绍了关于凤头鹦鹉的一些事实情况，故选C。 2．段落大意题。根据“One of the most unusual things about cockatoos is the crest (冠) of featners on their heads”可知，文章第二段主要介绍了凤头鹦鹉的头部，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Scientists believe they teach one another. In Sydney, Australia, these birds have learned to open the dustbins (垃圾箱).”可知，科学家们认为它们互相教导。在澳大利亚的悉尼，这些鸟学会了打开垃圾箱。由此可推断，凤头鹦鹉很聪明。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“ In the wild, they form large groups”可知，凤头鹦鹉在野外成群结队，所以D选项的together“一起”符合语境。故选D。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了凤头鹦鹉，所以可能在报纸的自然部分看到。故选B。 Passage 15 （话题：科普知识-植物） （23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末） Why are the leaves on trees different colors? What makes them change color? Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is important to animals as well as plants. Some animals eat plants. Other animals eat these animals. Summer is playtime. For the leaves of many trees, however, it’s work, work, work! The Sun is shining. The leaves are making food for the trees. The trees keep more than enough food deep inside. Leaves are green in summer because they are making food. Leaves also have orange, yellow, or brown colors inside them. During summer, those colors are covered by the green color. Many places get colder in fall with shorter days and longer nights. Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical. The hidden orange, yellow, and brown colors grow when that happens. Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe. If the leaves turn to ice while still on the trees, the trees can be hurt. Trees that drop their leaves are bare (光秃秃) in winter. They use the food they save in summer to get through the cold days and nights. Spring comes before long. Ice and snow disappear and the rains come. The Sun shines, and tiny leaves grow from branches. Once again, the leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food. The cycle begins again. 1．What is photosynthesis according to the passage? A．It is a way of growing leaves. B．It is a way of changing colors. C．It is a way for animals to eat plants. D．It is a way to make food for plants. 2．Why are leaves green in summer? A．Because trees are making food for leaves. B．Because they are busy making food for trees. C．Because there is no other color inside leaves in summer. D．Because summer is playtime for the leaves of many trees. 3．What stops leaves from making the green chemical in fall? A．Less air in fall. B．Less time in fall. C．Less water in fall. D．Less sunlight in fall. 4．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The colors. B．The leaves. C．The trees. D．The animals. 5．What is the best title of the article? A．The colors of the tree leaves. B．The trees in different seasons. C．The importance of the sunlight. D．The changes of the four seasons. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了树叶为什么会变颜色。 1．细节理解题。根据“Leaves use sunlight, water, and air to make food for the trees. This way of making food is called photosynthesis.”可知，树叶利用阳光、水和空气为树木提供食物。这种制造食物的方式被称为光合作用。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Leaves are green in summer because they are making food.”可知，树叶在夏天是绿色的，因为它们在制造食物。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Trees get less sunlight, so photosynthesis slows down. Over time, leaves stop making the green chemical.”可知，在秋天树木受到的阳光较少，因此光合作用减慢。随着时间的推移，叶子停止制造绿色化学物质。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Once it gets cold enough and ice appears at night, the trees drop their leaves. They do this to keep themselves safe.”可知，一旦天气足够冷，晚上出现冰，树木就会落叶。树木这样做是为了保护自己的安全。此处代词“They”指代前句“the trees”。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Why are the leaves on trees different colors?”和通读全文可知，本文介绍了为什么树叶一年四季是不同的颜色。“树叶的颜色”为最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 16（话题：科普知识-种树） （23-24七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）① Planting a tree isn’t as easy as just digging a hole and throwing the tree into it. If you want the tree to grow up, here’s what to do. ② Choose the right time of year for planting the tree. Do not plant trees in late spring or summer because it will be too hot and may make them die. The best time to plant a tree is autumn or early spring. ③ Choose the right tree for the area, climate, and space. Look around and find out what trees are growing well in your area. Usually, it’s better to choose one of them. ④ Prepare the hole. Dig a hole that is 2-3 times bigger than the root ball, not just enough, so it will fit. This lets the roots grow better. ⑤ Put the tree into the hole gently. Be sure the hole isn’t too deep or too shallow (浅). The ground level of the plant in the pot should be the same as the ground level after you fill the hole. ⑥ Water the newly planted tree. Provide 4 litres (公升) of water for every six inches (英寸) of the tree. ⑦ Mulch (用腐叶覆盖). Fill the planting hole with 1-3:inches of leaf mulch. ⑧ Water it again. After the planting is finished, come back in about an hour and water it one more time. ⑨ Enjoy the tree as it grows over the years with your family and friends. Get pleasure from its beauty and thank yourself for adding another tree to the world. 1．What does the writer think of planting a tree in Paragraph 1? A．Easy. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Tiring. 2．What can we know about planting trees from the text? A．The hole should have the same size as the tree’s root ball. B．It’s a good idea to plant trees in early spring or autumn. C．We don’t need to cover the newly planted trees with leaves. D．We should water the newly planted trees again 10 minutes later. 3．What’s the best title for the text? A．How to plant trees B．How to take care of trees C．How to make the trees grow up D．How to prepare for Planting Days 4．Which of the following can best show the structure(结构) of the text? A．①②③→④⑤⑥⑦⑧→⑨ B．①→②③④⑤→⑥⑦⑧⑨ C．①→②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧→⑨ D．①②③④⑤⑥→⑦⑧⑨ 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了种树的七个步骤。 1．细节理解题。根据“Planting a tree isn’t as easy as just digging a hole and throwing the tree into it.”可知，种树并不像挖个洞然后把树扔进去那么容易。换句话说，作者认为种树很难。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The best time to plant a tree is autumn or early spring.”可知，在秋天或早春种树是不错的想法，故选B。 3．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了种树的七个步骤。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段引出如何种树的话题，第二至八段介绍了种树的七个步骤，第九段总结全文，因此选项C符合。故选C。 Passage 17（科普知识） Does happiness matter? People have different opinions. Some think there are more important things to worry about, while others believe happiness is what everyone wants in life. To understand this, we first need to understand what happiness really means. Happiness is about our feelings, but it’s more than just a short moment of smiles or laughter. Instead, happiness is how we feel about our lives overall. Every day, we feel many different emotions. For example, feelings like fear and anger help protect us from danger, while happy feelings like joy and hope help us make friends and solve problems. Being happy doesn’t mean we should never feel sad or angry. Everyone has difficult times, and it’s normal (正常的) to have these feelings. True happiness means enjoying good times while also learning to deal with hard times. Research shows happiness plays an important role in success. Some might think happy people are less hardworking, but research shows the opposite is true. They actually perform (表现) better in their jobs, maintain better health, and build stronger relationships. In one study at Warwick University, scientists put participants (参与者) into two groups. The first group watched a happy, funny video while the second group watched a normal video. After watching, both groups did the same office task. The results showed that the first group did their tasks 11% better than the second one. Other researchers have found similar results. For example, business researchers studied companies for many years and found that companies with happier workers always did better in the market. Also, when scientists followed young people for many years, they saw that those who were happier in childhood usually were more successful when they grew up than those who were less happy. One of the reasons is that happiness can wake up the control center in children’s brains, to help weigh options more clearly, like choosing “study first, play later” instead of wasting time. In other words, happiness may lead to success, not just come from it. Of course, happiness doesn’t solve all problems. Happy people still have difficulties, and not all happy people are successful. But happiness does make life better in many ways. In the end, happiness is more than just a feeling. It helps us succeed, makes society stronger, and gives life its real meaning. 1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Happiness is not only a moment of joy. B．What the true meaning of happiness is. C．It is natural to have different feelings. D．Happiness is about people’s feelings. 2．What does the expression “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Happiness is good for relationships. B．Hard work makes people successful. C．Happy people could do better work. D．Success leads to better health. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Happy workers did 11% more work than less happy ones. B．A happy childhood can ensure a happier life in adulthood. C．Happiness makes people overcome the bad feelings. D．Happiness can help people make better decisions. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss different people’s ideas about happiness. B．To compare happy people with others in research. C．To tell us that success is the key to happiness. D．To show that happiness is important for success. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要探讨了幸福的意义以及幸福与成功的关系。 1．段落大意题。根据“Happiness is about our feelings, but it’s more than just a short moment of smiles or laughter. Instead, happiness is how we feel about our lives overall.”和“True happiness means enjoying good times while also learning to deal with hard times.”可知，本段开头指出幸福不仅仅是短暂的欢笑，接着说明幸福是我们对生活的整体感受，最后强调真正的幸福意味着享受美好时光的同时学会应对困难时期，整段围绕“幸福的真正含义是什么”而展开。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Some might think happy people are less hardworking, but research shows the opposite is true.”可知，一些人认为快乐的人不太勤奋，但研究表明正好相反，说明“快乐的人在工作中表现更好”。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据“happiness can wake up the control center in children’s brains, to help weigh options more clearly”可知，幸福可以唤醒大脑的控制中心，帮助人们更清楚地权衡各种选择。所以D选项“幸福可以帮助人们做出更好的决定”符合作者观点。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开头引出对幸福的讨论，接着解释幸福的含义，然后通过研究例子说明幸福在成功中起的作用，最后总结幸福不仅是一种感觉，还能帮助我们成功、让社会更强大并赋予生活真正的意义，所以文章主旨是在表明幸福对成功的重要性。故选D。 Passage 18（话题：志愿服务） 8.1 million people are waiting for calls from strangers worldwide. Some of them consider themselves introverts (内向的人), but as volunteers for Be My Eyes, they all have a kind heart. Be My Eyes was created in 2015 by Wiberg from Denmark. Blind people can use this free app to video call sighted (有视力的) volunteers when they need daily help. Today volunteers outnumber (数量超过) blind users by ten to one. It’s not easy for volunteers to get a call. Zhang Yanfei joined Be My Eyes in 2019 but didn’t receive her first call until four years later. Calls go out to many volunteers at the same time. If one doesn’t answer immediately, another volunteer will take the call. He Yanyan, a stage actress, once received her first call. A young man nervously asked, “Can this app really help?” Feeling nervous herself, she realized the man was also new to the platform. She pictured and explained the objects around him. The caller relaxed and asked if he looked tidy. After she told him that his clothes were clean, the conversation (谈话) continued for a few more rounds until the call was suddenly cut off. The volunteer wondered if she had sounded unfriendly. Cao Zhenxiang was also nervous during his first call. After he helped an elderly man check the expiration date (有效期) on his bread, the two thanked each other repeatedly. “I was so nervous that I didn’t even know why I was thanking him,” he said. Now, Cao feels much more confident. He recently helped a blind person cross the street while working on his computer. “It just felt like chatting with a friend.” he said. 1．What is the main purpose of the Be My Eyes app? A．To help blind people make friends with volunteers. B．To help blind people video call volunteers for daily tasks. C．To train introverts to become more outgoing. D．To provide free medical advice for blind people. 2．Why do volunteers sometimes find it difficult to receive calls on Be My Eyes? A．Because there are too few blind users on the platform. B．Because many volunteers receive calls, and the fastest answers. C．Because the app only allows experienced volunteers to answer calls. D．Because most volunteers are too busy to answer calls. 3．How did He Yanyan feel during her first call as a volunteer? A．Excited but impatient. B．Unfriendly and impolite. C．Confident and relaxed. D．Nervous but helpful. 4．What happened during Cao Zhenxiang’s first call? A．He helped a young man check his clothes. B．He guided a blind person to cross the street. C．He helped an old man read the bread’s expiration date. D．He taught a blind user how to use the app. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Blind People Get Help through Video Calls B．King Volunteers Love Helping Others C．A New App for Doing Voluntary Work D．Technology Helps People Become Confident 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了Be My Eyes应用程序的创建目的、运作方式以及志愿者和用户的体验。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Blind people can use this free app to video call sighted volunteers when they need daily help.”可知，盲人可以使用这款免费应用在有日常需求时视频呼叫有视力的志愿者。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Calls go out to many volunteers at the same time. If one doesn’t answer immediately, another volunteer will take the call.”可推知，接听困难源于多人竞争响应。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“Feeling nervous herself”， She pictured and explained the objects around him.”和“ The volunteer wondered if she had sounded unfriendly.”可推知，她自己也感到紧张但尽力提供帮助。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第5段“After he helped an elderly man check the expiration date (有效期) on his bread”可知，他首次接到的求助电话是帮助一位老人查看面包有效期后。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了盲人通过Be My Eyes应用程序，视频呼叫志愿者提供帮助的故事，故选A。 Passage 19（话题：保护动物） Animals are important to us and they are our friends. But some of them are in great danger (危险) now. What can we do to help save them? Don’t eat wild animals’ meat. Some of us like to eat meat. But some meat comes from endangered (濒危的) animals. To save animals, don’t eat their meat. Don’t wear clothes made of fur (毛皮). Sometimes people kill (杀死) animals for their fur. If we don’t buy clothes made of fur, people will not kill animals. Please give away money to Animal Helpers. The group does everything to help save animals. But it often needs money. So save some money and give it away to the group to help animals. Tell people that it’s important to save animals. Not all people know animals are our friends and that we must save them. So why not tell people around us that it’s important to save animals? Do you have any other good ways to help save animals? Write to tell us. 1．How many ways to save animals are there in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2．What do some people kill animals for according to the text? A．Their food. B．Their home. C．Their teeth. D．Their meat and fur. 3．What can we know from the text? A．Some people don’t know it’s important to save animals. B．Animal Helpers sometimes needs money to save animals. C．Some animals are friendly to people and brings people fun. D．Some people always kill endangered animals for their meat. 4．What is the structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 5．What could be the best title (标题) for the text? A．How to Help Save Animals B．What to Do for Animal Helpers C．When to Help Save Animals D．Where to Find Many Animals 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对如何保护动物给出了几点建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Don’t eat wild animals’ meat.”、“Don’t wear clothes made of fur (毛皮)”、“Please give away money to Animal Helpers.”以及“Tell people that it’s important to save animals.”可知，共四条建议。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some of us like to eat meat. But some meat comes from endangered (濒危的) animals.”以及“Sometimes people kill (杀死) animals for their fur.”可知，人们捕杀动物是为了它们的肉和毛皮。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“The group does everything to help save animals. But it often needs money.”可知，动物救助者会需要资金。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出了如何拯救动物的话题，第二至第五段介绍了4条建议，第六段向读者征求建议，所以B项符合。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章对如何保护动物给出了几点建议，A项“如何帮助拯救动物”符合。故选A。 Passage 20 （话题：兴趣和爱好） Many children want to develop a hobby. You’ll need to find different interests and decide which hobby really interests you. While, this may be hard to do, and here are four great reasons to work it in: Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can build his skill. This leads to positive (积极的) results and builds teenager’s confidence. A hobby helps teens have a sense of his identity (个性). Our likes and dislikes help let us know who we are as people. Hobbies help by sending a signal, “I like doing this. This makes me feel good about me. Therefore, this is a part of who I am.” Hobbies keep teens from getting bored. Bored teens look for things to do and are more likely to do something bad. Helping teens develop a hobby is helping them stay out of trouble. Hobbies will help teens to get on well with their parents. When a teen is busy with a hobby, his parents have easy access (机会) to something to praise him about. They can communicate with each other easily. 1．According to the passage, hobbies can make kids________. A．be sure something they want will happen in the way B．know they are different from their parents C．feel a little bad about themselves D．not be a good student at school 2．If Jim has a hobby, he will ________ in his free time. A．be bored B．be in trouble C．make a lot of money D．feel happy 3．Hobbies will help teens to get on well with their parents because ________. A．teens are busy and have no time to fight with parents B．parents never praise them about their hobbies C．parents have an interesting topic to talk with children D．teens have to ask their parents for some money 4．The passage above is mainly about ________. A．it’s not easy to find a hobby B．how to develop a hobby C．who we are as people D．why teens need a hobby 5．The passage may come from ________. A．an advertisement B．a school magazine C．a novel D．a science fiction 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了青少年需要爱好的四个理由：有助于建立信心；有助于发展个性；防止感到厌烦；帮助青少年与父母相处得很好。 1．细节理解题。根据“By finding an area of interest, a teen can build his skill. This leads to positive results and builds teenagers’ confidence.”可知，兴趣爱好可以让孩子们变得自信并且获得想要的技能。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“I like doing this. This makes me feel good.”可知，爱好能让吉姆在空余时间感到快乐。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“When a teen is busy with a hobby, his parents have easy access to something to praise him for. They can communicate with each other easily.”可知，爱好会帮助青少年与父母和谐相处，因为父母和孩子有一个有趣的话题可谈。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“You’ll need to find different interests and decide which hobby really interests you. Well, this may be hard to do, and here are four great reasons.”和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了青少年需要爱好的理由。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了青少年需要爱好的理由，所以可能来自一本校园杂志。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$