高二英语期末模拟卷02（含听力） -2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（上海通用）

2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末模拟卷02（上海） （考试时间120分钟；满分140分） I. Listening Comprehension （25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At home. B. In a school. C. In a lecture hall. D. In a restaurant. 2. A. $50. B. $100. C. $150. D. $200. 3. A. He will help the woman to read the tourist map. B. He will show the woman around the palace. C. He will follow the woman to the main gate of the palace. D. He will show the woman the way to the gate. 4. A. The summers are even hotter in Hong Kong. B. He wishes that he were in Hong Kong last summer. C. It is difficult to compare the summers in different places. D. Hong Kong is the hottest place in the world. 5. A. The woman gave the ticket to the man. B. The woman went to see the comedy. C. The man didn’t go to see the comedy. D. The woman had two tickets. 6. A. At least, she enjoys her college life. B. College life hasn’t changed much since last year. C. She has many new friends. D. It is easier to find her way around this year. 7. A. He was an interesting guy. B. He deserved the title. C. He was very lucky to win the honor. D. His life was different from other people’s. 8. A. It will be an excellent facility in the neighbourhood. B. It isn’t needed. C. It should be built quickly. D. It is time to go swimming. 9. A. The woman insists on going out. B. The man promised her a gift on her birthday. C. The man is too tired to go out. D. The woman prefers to stay at home on their wedding anniversary. 10. A. She used to be thinner. B. She doesn’t eat much. C. She knows how to dress herself. D. She seems to have lost weight. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Because there are so many people and cars around you. B. Because the taxi driver talks to you all the time. C. Because the voice of a famous person gives you warning messages frequently. D. Because singers or sports announcers tell you what to do in person. 12. A. More than 12,000. B. Over 15,000. C. About 11,000. D. Less than 10,000. 13. A. The driver will lose his job. B. The passengers will complain. C. The driver will be punished financially. D. The driver will be awarded 100 dollars. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Because they have advanced knowledge. B. Because they are flexible to change. C. Because they can find different jobs easily. D. Because they work in big companies. 15. A. People who have different skills. B. People who are good at communication. C. People who have received technical training. D. People who have rich work experience. 16. A. The comparison between social sciences and technical sciences. B. Strategies for landing a job easily. C. Social science majors’ advantages. D. The features of the current job market. Questions 17 and 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His new job is near his home. B. He is used to the new workplace. C. He has a higher salary now. D. He is tired of the new job. 18. A. Because she likes living in the suburbs. B. Because she can afford it. C. Because her parents will live in Shanghai. D. Because her parents will pay a short visit to her. 19. A. He joined a bridge competition. B. He read a novel. C. He discussed a new book with neighbours. D. He looked for fun activities. 20. A. Tony enjoys the time he spends on the subway. B. Jane has decided to buy a small apartment in Tony’s neighbourhood. C. Jane’s parents don’t like living with young people. D. Tony’s home is close to the metro station. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester 1 (affect) first year college students end-of-semester grade point average (GPA). Using Fitbit sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep 6.5 hours a night, but negative outcomes increase   2 students receive less than six hours of sleep a night. The results are available in the Feb. 13 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Sleep guidelines recommend teenagers get 8 to 10 hours of sleep every night. Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep. David Creswell, the William S. Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences, led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA．College students often push   3 to achieve high GPA． “Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,” said Creswell. “Here we show how this work translates 4 humans. The less nightly sleep a first year college student gets at the beginning of the school term, the lower GPA at the end of the term 5 (predict). Lack of sleep 6 hurt-students’ ability to learn in their college classrooms.” The study evaluated more than 600 first-year students across five studies at three universities. The students wore wrist Fitbit devices 7 (monitor) their sleep patterns. The researchers found that students in the study sleep on average 6.5 hours a night. More surprisingly, the researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a   8 (pronounce) decline in academic performance. In addition, each hour of sleep lost corresponded to a 0.07 decrease in end-of-term GPA． “Once you start dipping below six hours, you are starting to accumulate massive sleep debt 9 can harm a student’s health and study habits, compromising the whole system,” said Creswell. “Most surprising to me was that 10 _______ ______ we did to make the effect go away, it persisted.” “Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college. There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep,” said Creswell. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．identified    B．interpretation    C． detect   D．application    E. regional    F. confused      G. relation      H. exist       I. follow       J. commercial       K. impact Recently, British university researchers said that a computer programme can help Asian students to deal with 11 English accents which are difficult to understand. This is good news for students who get 12 by different English accents. Computer scientists at Nottingham University said that some Asian students in Britain find it difficult to understand the range of different English accents. Among native English speakers, many different accents 13 . Some accents are easily 14 by certain characteristics. But more variations can be difficult to understand. Difficulties can be experienced in the process of differentiating sounds at the end of spoken English words, like rope versus robe, and at the start, like tin versus thin. This can make continuous speech difficult to 15 , as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole 16 of a sentence. It would be useful to have something that would make it easier for foreign students to understand different English accents. The researchers’ Spoken English Discrimination (SED) training programme can train Chinese speakers in how to 17 differences in speech sounds in difficult conditions, such as accented speech or in situations in which there are a number of sounds in the background, a university release reported. “Our findings have shown that SED training programme really does have a significant 18 on enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds,” researcher Nicola Pitchford said. “There is 19 potential for SED．There has already been interest in the programme, from government organizations, through to a major Chinese mobile phone company who is interested in developing it into an educational phone 20 .” III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context For some time, Chinese dietary therapy has continued to heat up. “Punk yangsheng” — young Chinese people compensating for unhealthy habits by half-heartedly 21 the yangsheng, or body-healing, habits of older generations — is trendy and the term is used to 22 the desire to pursue both a healthy lifestyle and instant pleasure. Middle-aged people may count on goji berry (枸杞) tea to 23 their youth, while their offsprings (后代) are purchasing bottled drinks containing goji berries to 24 lack of sleep. New-style tea brands have 25 the market with night owl beverages and a variety of yangsheng drinks. And from bread, mooncakes, to desserts, all kinds of Chinese medical food are 26 one after another. Many people use them to 27 busy lifestyles characterized by extended workdays, late evenings spent in front of screens, and regular consumption of spicy and fatty foods. These are just part of a global wellness boom, but the traditional concept of yangsheng has given the trend a unique cultural twist in China. The concept of yangsheng is, in fact, thousands of years old. This buzzword is 28 in Chinese philosophy. Originating from Taoism and traditional Chinese medicine beliefs, the vast 29 of yangsheng includes habits like eating a healthy diet, exercising, meditating and so on. However, experts 30 about the actual health benefits of these food and drinks. Can a sip of a night owl beverage really 31 the side effects of staying up late? Can a bite of bread truly improve the health condition of a person? A professional says, “Without clinical data, it’s hard to determine whether a product making function claims can actually lead to improvements.” Moreover, ingredients need to be carefully 32 to an individual, something which mass-marketed products can never achieve. Su Quanxin from the China Association of Chinese Medicine says, “Yangsheng is not about chasing trends. It’s a scientific way of life and a positive attitude towards life.” Most people believe the trend is 33 tied to widespread anxiety about the negative health effects of high-pressure modern life. According to research, more than half of young people born after 1990 had issues with hair loss and reduced vision, 40 percent 34 overweight and a decline in physical performance, with 30 percent reporting problems with their immune system. Everybody feels they’re not healthy enough. People who are 35 punk yangsheng just want to find “quick fix” solutions to the impact of late nights and hard work. 21．A．participating in B．looking into C．learning from D．getting over 22．A．describe B．distinguish C．design D．deliver 23．A．recall B．maintain C．miss D．celebrate 24．A．make up for B．make out C．make use of D．make sense of 25．A．collapsed B．created C．entered D．dominated 26．A．ensuring B．emerging C．competing D．struggling 27．A．adjust to B．get rid of C．take up D．set aside 28．A．buried B．hidden C．rooted D．lost 29．A．influence B．creativity C．inspiration D．range 30．A．argue B．doubt C．complain D．think 31．A．reduce B．increase C．suffer D．cause 32．A．applied B．tailored C．limited D．added 33．A．indirectly B．occasionally C．closely D．hardly 34．A．embraced B．complained C．striken D．experienced 35．A．addicted to B．opposed to C．resistant to D．used to Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A In the summer of 2015, Brian Peterson and his wife, had just moved to Santa Ana. Outside their apartment, an untidy homeless man was often yelling on the street corner, sometimes keeping them awake at night. Peterson would pass the guy on his way to his job as a car designer at Kia Motors, but they never spoke. What could they possibly have in common? One day, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s warm message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: He was going to go outside and introduce himself.     In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to here to pursue a career in music, but he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. “It was the oddest thing to me,” Peterson recalled later, “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year. But his story inspired me.” Even though Peterson hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in about eight years, he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait. Faris said yes. Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Working from a black-and-white photo of the subject taken with his phone, Peterson chooses colors inspired by the subject’s personality and life story, creating a distressing portrait. Peterson sells the vibrant (充满活力的) painting for a few thousand dollars, splitting the proceeds and putting half into what he calls a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits, but there’s more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who’s down and out. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street. But I see homeless people differently now,’ ” Peterson says. “I didn’t know that would happen.” 36．What motivated Brian Peterson to go outside to meet Faris? A．An inspiration from the book he was reading. B．A goal to use his talent to make a homeless man’s life. C．A duty to address the homelessness crisis in his community. D．An aim to challenge social norms and improve his own personal life. 37．What did Matt Faris use the funds from his portrait for? A．To start a small business. B．To pay for his medical expenses. C．To make friends with the homeless. D．To make his musical dreams come true. 38．What does the underlined phrase “down and out” mean in the last paragraph? A．stranded in community. B．reduced to poverty. C．rewarded with portrait painting. D．aimed at realizing dreams. 39．Which of the following is the best title of this text? A．Art with Function: Love Account Matters B．Purpose in Paintings: Help Knows No Race C．Power of sympathy: Painting a New View D．Encounter with Strangers: Hugging New Friends B I guess I was a little bored. For the past hour, I’d been on the phone with Daniele, the head of my office in Italy, reviewing our latest purchases of Italian gold, Murano glass and Italian-made shoes and handbags. “Daniele,” I said, “What is the hottest jewelry in Italy right now?” His reply? Woven gold bracelets studded with gems. He texted me some photos and I knew immediately that this was jewelry that Raffinato just had to have. RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. Each of these bracelets includes more than 20 brilliant cut gems of DiamondAura®, our Ultimate Diamond Alternative®, in a setting finished with 18 karat Italian gold. What is DiamondAura®? It’s a sparkling marvel that rivals even the finest diamonds (D Flawless) with its transparent color and clarity: Both are so hard they can cut glass. Don’t believe me? The book “Jewelry and Gems: The Buying Guide,” praised the technique used in our diamond alternative :“The best diamond simulation to date, and even some jewelers have mistaken these stones for mined diamonds,” it raved. The best part about these bracelets? The price. Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. Order today. These bracelets are one of our hottest sellers this year, and with disruptions in the supply chain, we can only guarantee that we have 1,279 861 of these bracelets on hand for this ad.Jewelry Specifications: • Made in Arezzo, Italy. 18k gold finish • DiamondAura®, the Ultimate Diamond Alternative® • Fit wrists up to 7 ¼" Italian Fantasia Bracelet Collection A．X Bracelet (¼ ctw) $399 $59* Save $340 B．Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 *special price only for customers using the offer code *an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces. 40．Which of the descriptions is true about the advertised products? A．The bracelets boast original Italian design and craftsmanship. B．There is no restriction on wrist size due to its adjustable design. C．A supply chain disruption leads to products being out of stock. D．the jewelry is framed with real diamonds of the finest quality. 41．Raffinato is mainly in charge of _________. A．invention B．production C．distribution D．exhibition 42．If a local adolescent wants to buy 2 Woven Bracelets and 3 Sets of Both as souvenir for roommates, the minimum price he/she has to pay is ______. A．$295 B．$385 C．$415 D．$435 C The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, as their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates art that could not have been imagined by the programmer. Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? ‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’ To some extent, we are all familiar with computerized art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London’s Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’ Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their color palette-so why should computers be any different? 43．What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph? A．People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably. B．A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. C．They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others. D．The advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be. 44．According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art? A．It is aesthetically inferior to human art. B．It may ultimately supersede human art. C．It undermines a fundamental human quality. D．It will lead to a deterioration in human ability. 45．What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool? A．Its programmer’s background. B．Public response to its work. C．The source of its subject matter. D．The technical standard of its output. 46．What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph? A．Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic. B．The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art. C．It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being. D．People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A．For all the commonalities dreams exhibit, they differ across cultures. B．Relatedly, people put great stock in their dreams. C．The dreamiest member of the animal kingdom logs up to eight hours of REM sleep a day. D．Even if dreams can’t foretell the future, they seem to expose our shared fascinations. E．Others argue that dreams have no evolutionary function at all. F．But those who reported dreams about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didn’t. Bad Dreams Are Good What are dreams for? There are a handful of theories. Sigmund Freud famously claimed that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. More recent studies suggest dreams might help us deal with strong feelings, improve our memories, understand random brain signals, or prepare us for danger. Despite being largely unsupported by evidence, Freud’s view maintains a strong following around the world. Researchers found in a study that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to support better-substantiated theories. 47 In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more anxiety than an official warning about a terrorist attack. 48 The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night. Anxiety is quite common: A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics to be school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something. 49 A 1958 study determined that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up, losing a loved one, finding money, being inappropriately dressed, or encountering a mad person. Japanese people were more likely to dream about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed (麻痹的) with fear, or “wild, violent beasts.” If human dreams sound terrible, bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects. In a study of students taking a French medical-school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand involved a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. 50 So the next time you dream about an education-related experience in which you are both falling and being chased, don’t worry: It’s probably totally meaningless. Then again, your brain might be practicing so you’ll be ready if such an event ever comes to pass. IV. Summary Writing （10分） 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Beyond the Canvas: Exploring Art’s Impact on Brain Function You probably know lots of things that are good for your brain. Reading and working puzzles, for instance. Getting enough exercise and sleep. Eating healthy foods. Now here’s something else to add to the list: arts. Engaging in arts activities, such as playing music, drawing, dancing, or even appreciating art, can significantly benefit your brain. Activities that tap into these brain tasks could boost skills that are useful in other situations, too. Jessica Bone, an expert in health statistics, recently co-wrote a report that reviewed studies on the arts and well-being. Overall, taking part in arts activities can reduce signs of depression and boost motivation in kids and teens, she finds. She also found research that linked engaging in art through clubs or other activities with fewer negative behaviors, such as skipping school and substance abuse. But art may even lead to changes in your brain. The brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶) controls things like decision-making, planning and paying attention. It helps you control impulses, organize your time and think creatively about problems. Together, all of these tasks fall into a category known as executive function. Training in arts may affect how the brain handles these tasks. Assal Habibi, a neuroscientist, studies the brain at the University of Southern California. Her work focuses on how music affects the brain. Kids in music programs tend to manage executive-function tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music, her group has shown. They are better at taking turns, paying attention to others and listening before they speak. Do your portraits of people look like stick figures? Do your songs make your friends embarrassed? None of that matters when it comes to learning, Habibi says. You don’t have to be trained or talented, she says, to make or enjoy art. Just include it in your everyday life. So visit museums. Go to concerts. Watch plays. All of these may help boost brainpower in beneficial ways. Let your inner artist shine. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．机器人服务员轻柔地将热气腾腾的咖啡端到参观者手中。(serve) 53．尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他导师推荐的心理课程。 (despite) 54．直到参加毕业典礼的时候有些同学才后悔没有好好珍惜那宝贵的同学情谊。（until） 55．面对电商的挑战，这家公司潜心经营，最终开发了独具匠心的产品，扭亏为盈。(turn) VI. Guided Writing （25分） 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，你校英语报正在举行征文比赛，主题为“The change that I expect AI to bring about”，写一篇文章参赛，内容须包括： (1)你最期待AI会带来的变化； (2)你期待这一变化的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Listening comprehension section a directions in section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you've heard. One, IT is a wonderful night. Shall we have some champagne? Not if you expect me to drive you home. Question, where does the conversation take place? Two, one hundred dollars to fix my air conditioner. I thought you said you could do IT for half the . Price I did. But IT seemed that IT was not the problem with the plug. The major part inside the machine went wrong. Question, how much should the woman pay the man? Three, hi, I have a tourist map, but I still can't find the entrance to the main gate of the palace. Oh, IT is an old map. Follow me. I am going that way myself. Question, what is the man going to do? For IT is so hot here in the summer, hot. This is . nothing compared with what I experienced in hong kong last year. Question, what does the man mean? Five, I wish I had seen the comedy in person. Had I known that, I would have given you the . ticket question, what can we infer from the conversation? Six, Jenny, how do you feel about life at college this year? Much the same as . the last question, what does Jenny mean? Seven, did you attend the lecture by the nobel prize winner last night? Yes, he shared his life experience with us. No wonder he has had such a great achievement. Question, what can we learn about the. Eight, our neighborhood is going to have a swimming pool soon. IT is about time. I don't know why IT has taken so long. Question, what is the woman's opinion about the swimming pool? Nine, I don't feel like going out. Why don't we just stay home in, watch a football match on T. V. Come on. You promise to take me out for dinner. And to the theater on our wedding anniversary question. what do we learn from the conversation? Ten, your sister looks thinner, is SHE on a diet? No, he just knows how to dress so as to make herself look at the question. why does the men think the woman sister might be on a diet? Section b directions in section b, you will hear several longer conversations and passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversations and passages. The conversations and passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you've heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Many people think new york is a noisy city. now. Even the insides of taxes are noisy. When you get into a taxi, you hear the voice of a well known Opera singer, sports and answer, or broadway actress giving instructions. The voice of a famous person tells you what to do. One popular singer gives this message, cats have nine lives, but you have only one so fast in your seat belt. Other voices say things such as, don't forget to collect all your belongings. People often leave handbags, umbrellas. In taxes. There is a good reason for the messages. There are more than twelve thousand taxis in new york, and every year taxes get into more than fifteen thousand accidents. In an accident, people who don't wear seat belts may easily get hurt. Every year, about eleven thousand people are injured. In this way, many people are annoyed by the voices. Taxi drivers, in particular, dislike the message. I play the messages twelve hours a day. I hear the same voices sixty times a day. IT makes me crazy, says tom. I am a forty five year old taxi driver. If I don't play the messages, I can find one hundred dollars. A lot of passengers complain too. They think IT is too noisy. Now listen again, please. Many people think new york is a noisy city. now. Even the insides of taxes are noisy. When you get into a taxi, you hear the voice of a well known Opera singer, sports and answer, or broadway actress giving instructions. The voice of a famous person tells you what to do. One popular singer gives this message, cats have nine lives, but you have only one so fast in your seats belt. Other voices say things such as, don't forget to collect all your belongings. People often leave handbags, umbrellas and taxis. There is a good reason for the messages. There are more than twelve thousand taxis in new york, and every year, taxes get into more than fifteen thousand accidents. In an accident, people who don't wear seat belts may easily get hurt. Every year, about eleven thousand people are injured. In this way, many people are annoyed by the voices. Taxi drivers in particular, dislike the messages. I play the messages twelve hours a day. I hear the same voices sixty times a day. IT makes me crazy, says tom. I am a forty five year old taxi driver, but if I don't play the messages I get, find a hundred dollars. A lot of passengers complain too. They think IT is . too noisy. And eleven, why are the insides of new york's taxes noisy? Twelve, how many accidents in new york every year involve taxes? Thirteen, what will happen if the taxi driver doesn't play the message? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. There are many advantages for the social science major, because this high tech information age demands people who are flexible and who have good communication skills in large companies, many social science majors take up important positions. Studies found that social science majors have achieved greater manager erik success, then those who are technical training or preprocessing al courses. Moreover, social science majors are most suit to change, which meets the need of the high speed world we now live in. Social science matters are not only experiencing success in their long term company jobs, but they are also finding jobs more easily. A study shows that many companies had filled a large percentage of their entry level positions with social science graduates. The city also showed that the most popular quality in a person who was looking for a job was communication skills. Note IT as very important by ninety two percent of the companies. Social science majors have these skills often without knowing how important they are. IT is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions. Finally, although some social science measures may still find IT more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don't regret their choice of study. Now listen again, please. There are many advantages for the social science major, because this high tech information age demands people who are flexible and who have good communication skills in large companies, many social science majors take up important positions. Studies found that social science majors have achieved greater managerial success than those who are technical training or preprocessing al courses. Moreover, social science majors are most suit to change, which meets the need of the high speed world we now live in. Social science majors are not only experiencing success in their long term company jobs, but there are also finding jobs more easily. A study showed that many companies had filled a large percentage of their entry level positions with social science graduates. The study also showed that the most popular quality in a person who was looking for a job with communication skills noted as very important by ninety two percent of the companies, social science majors have these skills often without knowing how important they are. IT is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions. Finally, although some social science majors may still find IT more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don't regret their choice of study. questions. Fourteen, why can social science matters meet the need of the high speed world? Fifteen, what kind of people are welcomed by companies in the job market? Sixteen, what is the main idea of the passage? Questions seventeen through twenty are based on the following longer conversation. How is everything going on, tony? Not bad, jane. I am accustom to the new working environment, and I am on good terms with my new colleagues. I heard you've just bought an apartment in the suburbs. I am now considering buying a small apartment because my parents will retire soon and they want to live in shanghai with me. You see, IT was terrible at first, especially getting up before done to catch the first subway at six thirty am. But IT is bearable now, because I can spend a lot of time reading on the subway. Sounds good to me. Do you enjoy life in the new neighborhood? sure. IT is a new residential area developed by the government, and the majority of the residents are Young people. A vigorous group. I suppose, sounds good. How do you pass time on weekends? Normally I check we chat groups to see if there are any interesting activities you see. Last weekend, I joined a bridge competition. And the one before the last, I joined a reading club. And we had fun discussing the latest novel written by J. K. ruling. I see I will do more research before making the final decision. You can drop by to have a look at my new place . if you have time. OK. Now, listen again, please. How is everything going on? tony? Not bad, jane. I am a custom to the new working environment, and I am on good terms with my new colleagues. I heard you've ve just thought an apartment in the suburbs. I am now considering buying a small apartment because my parents will retire soon and they want to live in shanghai with me. You see, IT was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch the first subway at six thirty am. But IT is bearable now because I can spend a lot of time reading on the subway. Sounds good to me. Do you enjoy life in the new neighborhood? sure. IT is a new residential area developed by the government, and the majority of the residents are Young people of vigorous group. I suppose, sounds good. How do you pass time on weekends? Normally I check we chat t groups to see if there are any interesting activities you see. Last weekend I joined a bridge competition, and the one before the last, I joined a reading club, and we had fun discussing the latest novel written by J. K. ruling. I see I will do more research before making the final decision. You can drop by and have a look at my new place if you have time. okay. Questions seventeen, what does tony say about his new job? Eighteen, why is jane considering buying an apartment now? Nineteen what did tony do last weekend? Twenty, which of the following statements is true? That's the end of listening comprehensions. 2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末模拟卷02（上海） （考试时间120分钟；满分140分） I. Listening Comprehension （25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At home. B. In a school. C. In a lecture hall. D. In a restaurant. 2. A. $50. B. $100. C. $150. D. $200. 3. A. He will help the woman to read the tourist map. B. He will show the woman around the palace. C. He will follow the woman to the main gate of the palace. D. He will show the woman the way to the gate. 4. A. The summers are even hotter in Hong Kong. B. He wishes that he were in Hong Kong last summer. C. It is difficult to compare the summers in different places. D. Hong Kong is the hottest place in the world. 5. A. The woman gave the ticket to the man. B. The woman went to see the comedy. C. The man didn’t go to see the comedy. D. The woman had two tickets. 6. A. At least, she enjoys her college life. B. College life hasn’t changed much since last year. C. She has many new friends. D. It is easier to find her way around this year. 7. A. He was an interesting guy. B. He deserved the title. C. He was very lucky to win the honor. D. His life was different from other people’s. 8. A. It will be an excellent facility in the neighbourhood. B. It isn’t needed. C. It should be built quickly. D. It is time to go swimming. 9. A. The woman insists on going out. B. The man promised her a gift on her birthday. C. The man is too tired to go out. D. The woman prefers to stay at home on their wedding anniversary. 10. A. She used to be thinner. B. She doesn’t eat much. C. She knows how to dress herself. D. She seems to have lost weight. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Because there are so many people and cars around you. B. Because the taxi driver talks to you all the time. C. Because the voice of a famous person gives you warning messages frequently. D. Because singers or sports announcers tell you what to do in person. 12. A. More than 12,000. B. Over 15,000. C. About 11,000. D. Less than 10,000. 13. A. The driver will lose his job. B. The passengers will complain. C. The driver will be punished financially. D. The driver will be awarded 100 dollars. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Because they have advanced knowledge. B. Because they are flexible to change. C. Because they can find different jobs easily. D. Because they work in big companies. 15. A. People who have different skills. B. People who are good at communication. C. People who have received technical training. D. People who have rich work experience. 16. A. The comparison between social sciences and technical sciences. B. Strategies for landing a job easily. C. Social science majors’ advantages. D. The features of the current job market. Questions 17 and 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His new job is near his home. B. He is used to the new workplace. C. He has a higher salary now. D. He is tired of the new job. 18. A. Because she likes living in the suburbs. B. Because she can afford it. C. Because her parents will live in Shanghai. D. Because her parents will pay a short visit to her. 19. A. He joined a bridge competition. B. He read a novel. C. He discussed a new book with neighbours. D. He looked for fun activities. 20. A. Tony enjoys the time he spends on the subway. B. Jane has decided to buy a small apartment in Tony’s neighbourhood. C. Jane’s parents don’t like living with young people. D. Tony’s home is close to the metro station. 听力答案： 1-10 DBDAC BBCAD 11-13 CBC 14-16 BBC 17-20 BCAA II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester 1 (affect) first year college students end-of-semester grade point average (GPA). Using Fitbit sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep 6.5 hours a night, but negative outcomes increase   2 students receive less than six hours of sleep a night. The results are available in the Feb. 13 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Sleep guidelines recommend teenagers get 8 to 10 hours of sleep every night. Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep. David Creswell, the William S. Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences, led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA．College students often push   3 to achieve high GPA． “Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,” said Creswell. “Here we show how this work translates 4 humans. The less nightly sleep a first year college student gets at the beginning of the school term, the lower GPA at the end of the term 5 (predict). Lack of sleep 6 hurt-students’ ability to learn in their college classrooms.” The study evaluated more than 600 first-year students across five studies at three universities. The students wore wrist Fitbit devices 7 (monitor) their sleep patterns. The researchers found that students in the study sleep on average 6.5 hours a night. More surprisingly, the researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a   8 (pronounce) decline in academic performance. In addition, each hour of sleep lost corresponded to a 0.07 decrease in end-of-term GPA． “Once you start dipping below six hours, you are starting to accumulate massive sleep debt 9 can harm a student’s health and study habits, compromising the whole system,” said Creswell. “Most surprising to me was that 10 _______ ______ we did to make the effect go away, it persisted.” “Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college. There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep,” said Creswell. 【答案】 1．affects/affected 2．when/if 3．themselves 4．to/into 5．is predicted 6．may/can 7．to monitor/monitoring 8．pronounced 9．which/that 10．no matter what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究发现夜间睡眠是学生取得优异成绩的关键。 1．考查时态。句意：一个多机构的研究小组进行了第一项研究，以评估学期早期夜间睡眠的持续时间如何影响一年级大学生学期末的平均绩点（GPA）。此处可理解为陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为duration，谓语用三单形式；或理解为发生在过去用一般过去时。故填affects/ affected。 2．考查状语从句。句意：使用Fitbit睡眠追踪器，他们发现学生平均每晚睡眠6.5小时，但如果学生每晚睡眠时间少于6小时，负面影响就会增加。此处可用时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”用when；或用条件状语从句，表示“如果”用if。故填when/if。 3．考查代词。句意：大学生经常强迫自己取得高GPA。此处指主语students，用反身代词themselves，作宾语。故填themselves。 4．考查介词。句意：在这里，我们展示了这项工作如何转化为人类。短语translate to/into表示“转化为”。故填to/into。 5．考查时态语态。句意：据预测，大学一年级学生在学期开始时每晚睡眠越少，学期结束时的平均成绩就越低。主语the lower GPA与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文gets可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is predicted。 6．考查情态动词。句意：睡眠不足可能会损害学生在大学课堂上的学习能力。后跟动词原形，表示“可能”用情态动词may/can。故填may/can。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们在手腕上佩戴Fitbit设备来监测他们的睡眠模式。此处monitor可用不定式作目的状语；或与devices构成主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填to monitor/ monitoring。 8．考查形容词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，研究人员发现，睡眠时间少于6小时的学生学习成绩明显下降。修饰名词decline用形容词pronounced。故填pronounced。 9．考查定语从句。句意：克雷斯韦尔说：“一旦你的睡眠时间开始低于6小时，你就开始积累大量的睡眠债务，这会损害学生的健康和学习习惯，损害整个系统。”限制性定语从句修饰先行词debt，在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。 10．考查状语从句。句意：“最让我惊讶的是，无论我们做什么来消除这种影响，它仍然存在。”引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”用no matter what。故填no matter what。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．identified    B．interpretation    C． detect   D．application    E. regional    F. confused      G. relation      H. exist       I. follow       J. commercial       K. impact Recently, British university researchers said that a computer programme can help Asian students to deal with 11 English accents which are difficult to understand. This is good news for students who get 12 by different English accents. Computer scientists at Nottingham University said that some Asian students in Britain find it difficult to understand the range of different English accents. Among native English speakers, many different accents 13 . Some accents are easily 14 by certain characteristics. But more variations can be difficult to understand. Difficulties can be experienced in the process of differentiating sounds at the end of spoken English words, like rope versus robe, and at the start, like tin versus thin. This can make continuous speech difficult to 15 , as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole 16 of a sentence. It would be useful to have something that would make it easier for foreign students to understand different English accents. The researchers’ Spoken English Discrimination (SED) training programme can train Chinese speakers in how to 17 differences in speech sounds in difficult conditions, such as accented speech or in situations in which there are a number of sounds in the background, a university release reported. “Our findings have shown that SED training programme really does have a significant 18 on enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds,” researcher Nicola Pitchford said. “There is 19 potential for SED．There has already been interest in the programme, from government organizations, through to a major Chinese mobile phone company who is interested in developing it into an educational phone 20 .” 【答案】 11．E 12．F 13．H 14．A 15．I 16．B 17．C 18．K 19．J 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种能帮助亚洲学生应对难懂的英语口音的计算机程序，其SED培训计划有商业潜力，已引起政府组织等关注 。 11．考查形容词。句意：最近，英国大学的研究人员表示，计算机程序可以帮助亚洲学生处理难以理解的地区性英语口音。根据句中“a computer programme can help Asian students to deal with以及English accents which are difficult to understan”可知，此处表示处理难以理解的地区性英语口音，空处应用形容词regional“地区的”，修饰名词English accents，符合题意。故填E。 12．考查形容词。句意：这对被不同英语口音搞得困惑的学生来说是个好消息。根据句中“by different English accents”可知，此处表示被不同英语口音搞得困惑，空处应用形容词confused“困惑的”，作表语。故填F。 13．考查动词。句意：在以英语为母语的人中，存在着许多不同的口音。根据句中“Among native English speakers”可知，此处表示在以英语为母语的人中，存在着许多不同的口音，空处应用动词exist“存在”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填H。 14．考查动词。句意：有些口音很容易通过某些特征识别出来。根据句中“by certain characteristics”可知，此处表示有些口音很容易通过某些特征识别出来，空处应用动词identify“识别”，与accents是被动关系，应用过去分词identified，与are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填A。 15．考查动词。句意：这可能会使连续的演讲难以理解，因为误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思。根据句中“as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole”可知，此处表示误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思，所以这可能会使连续的演讲难以理解，空处应用动词follow“理解”，make sth. difficult to do sth.“使某事难以做”，to后跟动词原形。故填I。 16．考查名词。句意：这可能会使连续的演讲难以理解，因为误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思。根据句中“as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole”可知，此处表示误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思，空处应用名词interpretation“解释，理解”，作宾语。故填B。 17．考查动词。句意：据大学发布的一份报告称，研究人员的英语口语辨别（SED）培训计划可以训练说汉语的人如何在困难的情况下，如口音演讲或在背景中有大量声音的情况下，辨别语音中的差异。根据句中“differences in speech sounds in difficult conditions”可知，此处表示在困难的情况下辨别语音中的差异，空处应用动词detect“辨别”，how to do sth.“如何做某事”，to后跟动词原形。故填C。 18．考查名词。句意：研究人员尼古拉·皮奇福德说：“我们的研究结果表明，SED培训计划确实对亚洲学生区分声音的能力有重大影响。”根据句中“on enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds”可知，此处表示SED培训计划确实对亚洲学生区分声音的能力有重大影响，空处应用名词impact“影响”，have a significant impact on“对……有重大影响”。故填K。 19．考查形容词。句意：SED有商业潜力。根据句中“There has already been interest in the programme, from government organizations”可知，此处表示SED有商业潜力，空处应用形容词commercial“商业的”，作定语，修饰potential。故填J。 20．考查名词。句意：政府组织已经对该项目产生了兴趣，一家主要的中国手机公司也有兴趣将其开发成一款教育手机应用程序。根据句中“a major Chinese mobile phone company who is interested in developing it into an educational phone”可知，此处表示一家主要的中国手机公司也有兴趣将其开发成一款教育手机应用程序，空处应用名词application“应用程序”，作宾语。故填D。 III. Reading Comprehension (45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context For some time, Chinese dietary therapy has continued to heat up. “Punk yangsheng” — young Chinese people compensating for unhealthy habits by half-heartedly 21 the yangsheng, or body-healing, habits of older generations — is trendy and the term is used to 22 the desire to pursue both a healthy lifestyle and instant pleasure. Middle-aged people may count on goji berry (枸杞) tea to 23 their youth, while their offsprings (后代) are purchasing bottled drinks containing goji berries to 24 lack of sleep. New-style tea brands have 25 the market with night owl beverages and a variety of yangsheng drinks. And from bread, mooncakes, to desserts, all kinds of Chinese medical food are 26 one after another. Many people use them to 27 busy lifestyles characterized by extended workdays, late evenings spent in front of screens, and regular consumption of spicy and fatty foods. These are just part of a global wellness boom, but the traditional concept of yangsheng has given the trend a unique cultural twist in China. The concept of yangsheng is, in fact, thousands of years old. This buzzword is 28 in Chinese philosophy. Originating from Taoism and traditional Chinese medicine beliefs, the vast 29 of yangsheng includes habits like eating a healthy diet, exercising, meditating and so on. However, experts 30 about the actual health benefits of these food and drinks. Can a sip of a night owl beverage really 31 the side effects of staying up late? Can a bite of bread truly improve the health condition of a person? A professional says, “Without clinical data, it’s hard to determine whether a product making function claims can actually lead to improvements.” Moreover, ingredients need to be carefully 32 to an individual, something which mass-marketed products can never achieve. Su Quanxin from the China Association of Chinese Medicine says, “Yangsheng is not about chasing trends. It’s a scientific way of life and a positive attitude towards life.” Most people believe the trend is 33 tied to widespread anxiety about the negative health effects of high-pressure modern life. According to research, more than half of young people born after 1990 had issues with hair loss and reduced vision, 40 percent 34 overweight and a decline in physical performance, with 30 percent reporting problems with their immune system. Everybody feels they’re not healthy enough. People who are 35 punk yangsheng just want to find “quick fix” solutions to the impact of late nights and hard work. 21．A．participating in B．looking into C．learning from D．getting over 22．A．describe B．distinguish C．design D．deliver 23．A．recall B．maintain C．miss D．celebrate 24．A．make up for B．make out C．make use of D．make sense of 25．A．collapsed B．created C．entered D．dominated 26．A．ensuring B．emerging C．competing D．struggling 27．A．adjust to B．get rid of C．take up D．set aside 28．A．buried B．hidden C．rooted D．lost 29．A．influence B．creativity C．inspiration D．range 30．A．argue B．doubt C．complain D．think 31．A．reduce B．increase C．suffer D．cause 32．A．applied B．tailored C．limited D．added 33．A．indirectly B．occasionally C．closely D．hardly 34．A．embraced B．complained C．striken D．experienced 35．A．addicted to B．opposed to C．resistant to D．used to 【答案】 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着中医食疗的持续升温，朋克养生成为一种时尚。指中国年轻人半心半意地学习老一代养生或身体康复的习惯来弥补不健康的习惯的做法。 21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“朋克养生”——中国年轻人半心半意地学习老一代养生或身体康复的习惯来弥补不健康的习惯——是一种时尚，这个词用来描述追求健康生活方式和即时快乐的愿望。A. participating in参与；B. looking into往里看；调查；C. learning from向……学习；D. getting over克服，战胜。此处在解释“朋克养生”这一概念。根据空前主语“young Chinese people ”“ half-heartedly”及后面宾语“habits of older generations”可知，这里指年轻人不认真地学习老一辈养生的生活方式。故选C项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“朋克养生”——中国年轻人半心半意地学习老一代养生或身体康复的习惯来弥补不健康的习惯——是一种时尚，这个词用来描述追求健康生活方式和即时快乐的愿望。A. describe描述；B. distinguish区分；C. design设计；D. deliver派送；接生；发表（演讲）。根据主语“the term”可知，术语是用来描述现象或事物的。故选A项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：中年人可能会依靠枸杞茶来保持青春，而他们的后代则会购买含有枸杞的瓶装饮料来弥补睡眠不足。A. recall回忆；B. maintain保持；维护；C. miss错过；想念；D. celebrate庆祝。根据前面“Middle-aged people may count on goji berry”及后面宾语“youth”可知，中年人食用枸杞这样的有食疗作用的食物是想减缓衰老，保持年轻状态。故选B项。 24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：中年人可能会依靠枸杞茶来保持青春，而他们的后代则会购买含有枸杞的瓶装饮料来弥补睡眠不足。A. make up for弥补；B. make out 听清；弄清楚；C. make use of利用；D. make sense of理解。根据后面宾语“lack of sleep”可知，缺乏睡眠是不健康的生活方式，使用健康食物来弥补，弥补和缺乏相呼应。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：新型茶品牌以熬夜型饮料和各种养生饮料主导了市场。A. collapsed坍塌；崩溃；B. created创作，创造；产生；C. entered进入；D. dominated占主导地位。根据后面状语“with night owl beverages and a variety of yangsheng drinks.”可知，诸多的针对熬夜的饮料及多种的养生的饮品应该是占据了很大市场，在市场上占据主导地位。故选D项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从面包、月饼到甜品，各种中医食品层出不穷。A. ensuring确保；B. emerging出现；C. competing竞争；D. struggling艰难挣扎；奋斗，拼搏。根据后面“one after another”可知，上文指很多养生饮品占据市场，这里是指很多有食疗功能的食品也先后出现。故选B项。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多人用它们来适应繁忙的生活方式，这些生活方式包括长时间的工作，在屏幕前度过的深夜，以及经常食用辛辣和高脂肪的食物。A. adjust to适应；B. get rid of消除，摆脱；C. take up从事；占据；D. set aside预留出；搁置。根据后面“busy lifestyles”可知，这里指使用养生饮品和食品帮助适应繁忙的生活方式，缓解压力。故选A项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个流行语源于中国哲学。A. buried埋葬；掩藏；B. hidden掩藏；C. rooted扎根；D. lost失去。根据上文“The concept of yangsheng is, in fact, thousands of years old.”及下文“Originating from Taoism and traditional Chinese medicine beliefs,…”可知，起源于几千年前的中国传统信仰，说明养生概念在中国由来已久，动词短语be rooted in意为“植根于，根源在于”符合语境。故选C项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：阳生起源于道教和传统中医信仰，范围广泛，包括健康饮食、锻炼、冥想等习惯。A. influence影响；B. creativity创造力；C. inspiration激励；灵感，启发；D. range范围。根据后面“includes habits like eating a healthy diet, exercising, meditating and so on.”可知，在列举养生方式，the range of指“一系列的”符合语境。故选D项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，专家们对这些食物和饮料的实际健康益处表示怀疑。A. argue争论；主张；B. doubt怀疑；C. complain抱怨；投诉；D. think思考；认为。根据空前的“However,”可知，上文提到了很多养生功能的饮料和食品，此处的转折表明专家们对这些东西的功效持怀疑态度。故选B项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：喝一口夜猫子饮料真的能减少熬夜的副作用吗？A. reduce降低；减少；B. increase增长；增加；C. suffer遭受，受苦；D. cause引发。根据上文“their offsprings (后代) are purchasing bottled drinks containing goji berries to make up for lack of sleep.”及“New-style tea brands have dominated the market with night owl beverages and a variety of yangsheng drinks.”可知，上文提到了市场上的很多养生饮料可以弥补熬夜带来的危害，此处举例表示专家的怀疑，应该是在怀疑这样功能饮料是否能减少熬夜的副作用。故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，配料需要为个人量身定制，这是大众营销产品永远无法做到的。A. applied申请；应用；B. tailored量身定制；C. limited限制；D. added添加。根据下文“to an individual, something which mass-marketed products can never achieve”可知，此处指食疗的配料应该是针对个人定制的，tailored与mass-marketed反义呼应，符合语境。故选B项。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数人认为，这一趋势与人们普遍担心高压现代生活对健康的负面影响密切相关。A. indirectly间接地；B. occasionally偶然地；C. closely紧密地；D. hardly几乎不。根据下文“widespread anxiety about the negative health effects of high-pressure modern life”可知，短语be closely tied to意为“与……有紧密联系”符合语境，解释年轻人追求一些功能饮料和养生食品这样的趋势和现在高压的生活方式之间的关系密切。故选C项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据研究，1990年后出生的年轻人中，超过一半的人有脱发和视力下降的问题，40%的人超重，体力下降，30%的人报告免疫系统有问题。A. embraced拥抱；欣然接受；B. complained抱怨；投诉；C. striken打击；打动；D. experienced经历；体验。根据下文“overweight and a decline in physical performance”可知，超重和体力下降是人体所经历的。故选D项。 35．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：沉迷于朋克养生的人，只是想找到“速效”解决熬夜和努力工作带来的影响。A. addicted to沉迷于；B. opposed to反对……的；C. resistant to抗拒……的；D. used to习惯……的。根据上文“Everybody feels they’re not healthy enough.”及下文“just want to find “quick fix” solutions to the impact of late nights and hard work.”可知，认为自己不健康，想要找到快速解决熬夜和工作劳累问题方法的人应该是沉迷于养生食品的人。故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A In the summer of 2015, Brian Peterson and his wife, had just moved to Santa Ana. Outside their apartment, an untidy homeless man was often yelling on the street corner, sometimes keeping them awake at night. Peterson would pass the guy on his way to his job as a car designer at Kia Motors, but they never spoke. What could they possibly have in common? One day, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s warm message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: He was going to go outside and introduce himself.     In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to here to pursue a career in music, but he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. “It was the oddest thing to me,” Peterson recalled later, “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year. But his story inspired me.” Even though Peterson hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in about eight years, he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait. Faris said yes. Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Working from a black-and-white photo of the subject taken with his phone, Peterson chooses colors inspired by the subject’s personality and life story, creating a distressing portrait. Peterson sells the vibrant (充满活力的) painting for a few thousand dollars, splitting the proceeds and putting half into what he calls a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits, but there’s more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who’s down and out. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street. But I see homeless people differently now,’ ” Peterson says. “I didn’t know that would happen.” 36．What motivated Brian Peterson to go outside to meet Faris? A．An inspiration from the book he was reading. B．A goal to use his talent to make a homeless man’s life. C．A duty to address the homelessness crisis in his community. D．An aim to challenge social norms and improve his own personal life. 37．What did Matt Faris use the funds from his portrait for? A．To start a small business. B．To pay for his medical expenses. C．To make friends with the homeless. D．To make his musical dreams come true. 38．What does the underlined phrase “down and out” mean in the last paragraph? A．stranded in community. B．reduced to poverty. C．rewarded with portrait painting. D．aimed at realizing dreams. 39．Which of the following is the best title of this text? A．Art with Function: Love Account Matters B．Purpose in Paintings: Help Knows No Race C．Power of sympathy: Painting a New View D．Encounter with Strangers: Hugging New Friends 【答案】36．A 37．D 38．B 39．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了布莱恩·彼得森受书中关于爱的力量的启发，他决定出去和法里斯打招呼，彼得森看到了法里斯的魅力，于是为他画像。法里斯将画像得到的钱，用于实现了自己的音乐梦想。 36．细节理解题。根据第二段“One day, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s warm message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: He was going to go outside and introduce himself. (一天，彼得森正在客厅里放松，读着《爱的力量》这本书，这本书是关于爱在行动中的力量的，这时他的安静被无家可归的人打扰了。受到书中温馨信息的启发，彼得森做了一个意想不到的决定：他要出去介绍自己。)”可知，从正在读的书中得到的灵感促使布莱恩·彼得森去外面见法里斯。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. (法里斯用他的肖像所得的钱录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。)”可知，马特·法里斯用他画像的钱使他的音乐梦想成真。故选D。 38．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Peterson sells the vibrant (充满活力的) painting for a few thousand dollars, splitting the proceeds and putting half into what he calls a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet. (彼得森以几千美元的价格出售了这幅充满活力的画，并将所得分成一半存入他所谓的模特“爱心账户”。然后，他帮助人们用这笔钱重新站起来。)”可知，彼得森把画卖掉，将收益的一半给模特，帮助他们重新振作起来，这里的模特都是无家可归的人，生活贫困，故划线词意思是“沦为贫困”。故选B。 39．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. (彼得森与法里斯的联系促使他成立了“圣安娜之脸”，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。)”以及文章讲述了汽车设计师彼得森受到书的启发，和无家可归的法里斯交谈并为他画肖像，之后成立了非营利组织为无家可归的人画肖像，通过卖画帮助他们重新振作起来，而且这种行为也改变了人们对无家可归者的看法。这体现了同情的力量，通过绘画让人们对无家可归者有了新的看法，故C选项“同情的力量：描绘一种新的观点”最符合文章标题。故选C。 B I guess I was a little bored. For the past hour, I’d been on the phone with Daniele, the head of my office in Italy, reviewing our latest purchases of Italian gold, Murano glass and Italian-made shoes and handbags. “Daniele,” I said, “What is the hottest jewelry in Italy right now?” His reply? Woven gold bracelets studded with gems. He texted me some photos and I knew immediately that this was jewelry that Raffinato just had to have. RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. Each of these bracelets includes more than 20 brilliant cut gems of DiamondAura®, our Ultimate Diamond Alternative®, in a setting finished with 18 karat Italian gold. What is DiamondAura®? It’s a sparkling marvel that rivals even the finest diamonds (D Flawless) with its transparent color and clarity: Both are so hard they can cut glass. Don’t believe me? The book “Jewelry and Gems: The Buying Guide,” praised the technique used in our diamond alternative :“The best diamond simulation to date, and even some jewelers have mistaken these stones for mined diamonds,” it raved. The best part about these bracelets? The price. Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. Order today. These bracelets are one of our hottest sellers this year, and with disruptions in the supply chain, we can only guarantee that we have 1,279 861 of these bracelets on hand for this ad.Jewelry Specifications: • Made in Arezzo, Italy. 18k gold finish • DiamondAura®, the Ultimate Diamond Alternative® • Fit wrists up to 7 ¼" Italian Fantasia Bracelet Collection A．X Bracelet (¼ ctw) $399 $59* Save $340 B．Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 *special price only for customers using the offer code *an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces. 40．Which of the descriptions is true about the advertised products? A．The bracelets boast original Italian design and craftsmanship. B．There is no restriction on wrist size due to its adjustable design. C．A supply chain disruption leads to products being out of stock. D．the jewelry is framed with real diamonds of the finest quality. 41．Raffinato is mainly in charge of _________. A．invention B．production C．distribution D．exhibition 42．If a local adolescent wants to buy 2 Woven Bracelets and 3 Sets of Both as souvenir for roommates, the minimum price he/she has to pay is ______. A．$295 B．$385 C．$415 D．$435 【答案】40．A 41．C 42．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍两款意大利Fantasia手镯。 40．细节理解题。由文章中第三段“Presenting the Italiano Fantasia Bracelets, two designs that are prime examples of Italy’s finest artisanship. (展示意大利Fantasia手镯，这两种设计是意大利最优秀手工艺品的典范。)”可知，手镯采用意大利独创设计和工艺。故选A项。 41．细节理解题。由文章中黑体字“RAFFINATO IS ONE OF AMERICA’S LARGEST RETAILERS OF ITALIAN-MADE JEWELRY (RAFFINATO是美国最大的意大利珠宝零售商之一)”可知，Raffinato主要负责分销。故选C项。 42．细节理解题。由文章黑体字下的第三段中“Because of our longstanding connections in Arezzo, the mecca of Italian goldsmithing, we can offer both bracelets together for just $99, a fraction of the price you’ll pay anywhere else for similar jewelry. (由于我们在意大利金匠圣地阿雷佐有着长期的联系，我们只需99美元就可以同时提供两款手镯，这只是你在其他地方购买类似珠宝的价格的一小部分。)”、和下文中“B. Woven Bracelet (⅓ ctw) $299 $69* Save $230 (.编织手镯（1/3克拉）$299$69*节省$230)”以及“*an extra $50 refund for any purchase exceeding 6 pieces.(*购买超过6件可额外退款50美元。)”可知，购买2个编织手镯和3套需要花费99*3+69*2-50=385，所以最低需要支付$385。故选B项。 C The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, as their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. And software has been built which creates art that could not have been imagined by the programmer. Human beings are the only species to perform sophisticated creative acts regularly. If we can break this process down into computer code, where does that leave human creativity? ‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’ To some extent, we are all familiar with computerized art. The question is: where does the work of the artist stop and the creativity of the computer begin? Consider one of the oldest machine artists, Aaron, a robot that has had paintings exhibited in London’s Tate Modern and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. Simon Colton, the designer of the Painting Fool, is keen to make sure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It is now beginning to display a kind of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is a series of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. While some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’ Software bugs can also lead to unexpected results. Some of the Painting Fool’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, thanks to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the renowned Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their color palette-so why should computers be any different? 43．What is the writer suggesting about computer-produced works in the first paragraph? A．People’s acceptance of them can vary considerably. B．A great deal of progress has already been attained in this field. C．They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others. D．The advances are not as significant as the public believes them to be. 44．According to Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art? A．It is aesthetically inferior to human art. B．It may ultimately supersede human art. C．It undermines a fundamental human quality. D．It will lead to a deterioration in human ability. 45．What is a key difference between Aaron and the Painting Fool? A．Its programmer’s background. B．Public response to its work. C．The source of its subject matter. D．The technical standard of its output. 46．What point does Simon Colton make in the fourth paragraph? A．Software-produced art is often dismissed as childish and simplistic. B．The same concepts of creativity should not be applied to all forms of art. C．It is unreasonable to expect a machine to be as imaginative as a human being. D．People tend to judge computer art and human art according to different criteria. 【答案】43．B 44．C 45．C 46．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是计算机程序在艺术创作领域的进展及其引发的关于人类创造力与机器创造力的讨论，探讨了人工智能艺术作品的独特性及争议。 43．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Painting Fool is one of a growing number of computer programs which, as their makers claim, possess creative talents. Classical music by an artificial composer has had audiences enraptured, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks painted by a robot have sold for thousands of dollars and been hung in prestigious galleries. (“绘画愚人”是越来越多声称具有创造力的计算机程序之一。由人工智能作曲家创作的古典音乐让观众着迷，甚至让他们误以为背后是人类创作。机器人绘制的艺术品已以数千美元的价格售出，并被挂在著名画廊中。)”可知，作者通过具体实例表明，计算机生成艺术领域已经取得了显著进步。故选B项。 44．细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘This is a question at the very core of humanity,’ says Geraint Wiggins, a computational creativity researcher at Goldsmiths, University of London. ‘It scares a lot of people. They are worried that it is taking something special away from what it means to be human.’(‘这是一个人类核心的问题，’伦敦大学金史密斯学院的计算创造力研究员格伦特·威金斯说。‘这吓坏了许多人。他们担心这会夺走一些成为人类所特有的东西。’)”可知，许多人担忧计算机艺术会削弱人类的基本特质。故选C项。 45．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Aaron can pick up a paintbrush and paint on canvas on its own. Impressive perhaps, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. (Aaron可以拿起画笔自行在画布上作画。虽然令人印象深刻，但它仍然只是实现程序员创意想法的工具。)”可知，Aaron使用画笔自行在画布上作画，结合第四段中的“Unlike earlier ‘artists’ such as Aaron, the Painting Fool only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own concepts by going online for material. (与早期的‘艺术家’如Aaron不同，“绘画愚人”只需最少的指导，便能通过上网获取材料并提出自己的概念。)”可知，“绘画愚人”通过上网获取材料并提出自己的概念，由此可知，两者的区别在于主题来源不同。故选C项。 46．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Colton argues that such reactions arise from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, he says, consider that the Painting Fool painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. ‘If a child painted a new scene from its head, you’d say it has a certain level of imagination,’ he points out. ‘The same should be true of a machine.’(Colton认为，这种反应源于人们对软件生成艺术和人类生成艺术的双重标准。毕竟，他说，“绘画愚人”在没有参考照片的情况下绘制了风景画。‘如果一个孩子凭空画出一幅新场景，你会说它具有一定想象力，’他指出，‘机器也应如此。’)”可知，Colton认为，这种反应源于人们对软件生成艺术和人类生成艺术的双重标准，由此可知，Colton指出人们评判计算机艺术和人类艺术时采用不同标准的现象。故选D项。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A．For all the commonalities dreams exhibit, they differ across cultures. B．Relatedly, people put great stock in their dreams. C．The dreamiest member of the animal kingdom logs up to eight hours of REM sleep a day. D．Even if dreams can’t foretell the future, they seem to expose our shared fascinations. E．Others argue that dreams have no evolutionary function at all. F．But those who reported dreams about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didn’t. Bad Dreams Are Good What are dreams for? There are a handful of theories. Sigmund Freud famously claimed that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. More recent studies suggest dreams might help us deal with strong feelings, improve our memories, understand random brain signals, or prepare us for danger. Despite being largely unsupported by evidence, Freud’s view maintains a strong following around the world. Researchers found in a study that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to support better-substantiated theories. 47 In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more anxiety than an official warning about a terrorist attack. 48 The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night. Anxiety is quite common: A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics to be school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something. 49 A 1958 study determined that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up, losing a loved one, finding money, being inappropriately dressed, or encountering a mad person. Japanese people were more likely to dream about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed (麻痹的) with fear, or “wild, violent beasts.” If human dreams sound terrible, bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects. In a study of students taking a French medical-school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand involved a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. 50 So the next time you dream about an education-related experience in which you are both falling and being chased, don’t worry: It’s probably totally meaningless. Then again, your brain might be practicing so you’ll be ready if such an event ever comes to pass. 【答案】47．B 48．D 49．A 50．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了关于梦境目的的不同理论观点以及相关研究。 47．空前“Researchers found in a study that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to support better-substantiated theories.(研究人员在一项研究中发现，美国、韩国和印度的学生更有可能说梦揭示了隐藏的真相，而不是支持更有根据的理论。)”说明了研究发现梦揭示了隐藏的真相，空格处应该说明人们相信梦境的重要性，B选项“Relatedly, people put great stock in their dreams.(与此相关的是，人们对自己的梦想寄予厚望。)”说明了人们对自己的梦寄予厚望，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 48．空后“The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night. Anxiety is quite common: A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics to be school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something.(大多数梦发生在快速眼动睡眠周期，一般人每晚会做4到5个这样的梦。焦虑是很常见的：一项对加拿大大学生的研究发现，最常见的梦的主题是学校、摔倒、被追赶和迟到。)”说明了人们通常梦见的主题，这反映了人们共同的着迷的事情，D选项“Even if dreams can’t foretell the future, they seem to expose our shared fascinations.(即使梦不能预知未来，但它们似乎揭示了我们共同的痴迷。)”说明了梦揭示了人们共同的着迷的事情，引起下文，符合语境，故选D。 49．空后“A 1958 study determined that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up, losing a loved one, finding money, being inappropriately dressed, or encountering a mad person. Japanese people were more likely to dream about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed (麻痹的) with fear, or “wild, violent beasts.”(1958年的一项研究表明，与日本人相比，美国人更多梦见被关起来、失去亲人、找到钱、穿着不得体或遇到疯子。日本人更有可能梦见学校、反复尝试做某事、因恐惧而瘫痪或“凶猛的野兽”。)”说明了不同的国家的人梦的内容不一样，A选项“For all the commonalities dreams exhibit, they differ across cultures.(尽管梦表现出所有的共性，但它们在不同的文化中是不同的。)”说明了梦在不同的文化中是不同的，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。 50．空前“In a study of students taking a French medical-school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand involved a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank.(在一项针对参加法国医学院入学考试的学生的研究中，60%的学生在考试前做的梦都涉及考试中的问题，比如迟到或没答题。)”说明了学生在考试前做的梦跟考试有关，空格处也应该和考试有关，F选项“But those who reported dreams about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didn’t.(但是那些梦见考试的人，即使是糟糕的梦，也比没有梦到的人考得好。)”和考试以及梦有关，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 IV. Summary Writing （10分） 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Beyond the Canvas: Exploring Art’s Impact on Brain Function You probably know lots of things that are good for your brain. Reading and working puzzles, for instance. Getting enough exercise and sleep. Eating healthy foods. Now here’s something else to add to the list: arts. Engaging in arts activities, such as playing music, drawing, dancing, or even appreciating art, can significantly benefit your brain. Activities that tap into these brain tasks could boost skills that are useful in other situations, too. Jessica Bone, an expert in health statistics, recently co-wrote a report that reviewed studies on the arts and well-being. Overall, taking part in arts activities can reduce signs of depression and boost motivation in kids and teens, she finds. She also found research that linked engaging in art through clubs or other activities with fewer negative behaviors, such as skipping school and substance abuse. But art may even lead to changes in your brain. The brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶) controls things like decision-making, planning and paying attention. It helps you control impulses, organize your time and think creatively about problems. Together, all of these tasks fall into a category known as executive function. Training in arts may affect how the brain handles these tasks. Assal Habibi, a neuroscientist, studies the brain at the University of Southern California. Her work focuses on how music affects the brain. Kids in music programs tend to manage executive-function tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music, her group has shown. They are better at taking turns, paying attention to others and listening before they speak. Do your portraits of people look like stick figures? Do your songs make your friends embarrassed? None of that matters when it comes to learning, Habibi says. You don’t have to be trained or talented, she says, to make or enjoy art. Just include it in your everyday life. So visit museums. Go to concerts. Watch plays. All of these may help boost brainpower in beneficial ways. Let your inner artist shine. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Engaging in arts activities benefits brain function by reducing depression, enhancing motivation, and improving executive functions like decision-making and attention. Studies show arts participation decreases negative behaviors in youth and boosts cognitive skills, regardless of artistic talent. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章指出参与艺术活动有利于大脑功能，减少抑郁，增强动力，提高决策和注意力等执行功能。研究表明，参与艺术活动可以减少青少年的消极行为，提高认知能力，无论艺术天赋如何。 【详解】1.要点摘录： ① Engaging in arts activities, such as playing music, drawing, dancing, or even appreciating art, can significantly benefit your brain. ② Overall, taking part in arts activities can reduce signs of depression and boost motivation in kids and teens. ③ Training in arts may affect how the brain handles these tasks. Kids in music programs tend to manage executive - function tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music. ④ You don’t have to be trained or talented, she says, to make or enjoy art. All of these may help boost brainpower in beneficial ways. 2.缜密构思：将要点①作为总起，要点②③作为分述；要点④总结 遣词造句： Engaging in arts activities benefits brain function by reducing depression, enhancing motivation, and improving executive functions like decision-making and attention. Studies show arts participation decreases negative behaviors in youth and boosts cognitive skills, regardless of artistic talent. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Engaging in arts activities benefits brain function by reducing depression, enhancing motivation, and improving executive functions like decision-making and attention.（运用动名作主语） 【高分句型 2】Studies show arts participation decreases negative behaviors in youth and boosts cognitive skills, regardless of artistic talent.（省略that的定语从句 ） V. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．机器人服务员轻柔地将热气腾腾的咖啡端到参观者手中。(serve) 【答案】The robotic waiter gently served the steaming hot coffee to the visitors. 【详解】考查动词短语、名词、形容词和副词。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；主语“机器人服务员”可用名词短语the robotic waiter，状语“轻柔地”可用副词gently，“将……端到某人手中”可用动词短语serve sth. to sb.，“热气腾腾的咖啡”可用名词短语the steaming hot coffee，“参观者”可用名词the visitors。故可译为：The robotic waiter gently served the steaming hot coffee to the visitors. 53．尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他导师推荐的心理课程。 (despite) 【答案】Despite his busy/ full/ tight schedule, he signed up for the psychological course recommended by his tutor. 【详解】考查介词、时态以及非谓语动词。句子在陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“尽管”表达为介词“despite”，句子主语为“他”；“日程安排很紧”为名词短语“his busy/ full/ tight schedule”，作介词宾语。“报名参加”为动词短语“sign up for”；“心理课程”为“the psychological course”，作宾语；“推荐”为“recommend”与“course”为逻辑上动宾关系，用过去分词作后置定语。“导师”为“tutor”。故翻译为：Despite his busy/ full/ tight schedule, he signed up for the psychological course recommended by his tutor.。 54．直到参加毕业典礼的时候有些同学才后悔没有好好珍惜那宝贵的同学情谊。（until） 【答案】Some students didn’t regret not cherishing the precious friendship among classmates until they attended the graduation ceremony. 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词、固定句型。表示“有些学生”some students，作主语。表示“直到……才……”用 not...until...结构。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。表示“后悔做过某事”用 regret doing sth.，didn’t regret作谓语。表示“珍惜”用cherish，用动名词cherishing的否定形式not cherishing，作宾语。 表示“宝贵的同学情谊”用the precious friendship among classmates，作not cherishing的宾语。“参加毕业典礼”用attend the graduation ceremony。until they attended the graduation ceremony作时间状语。故翻译为Some students didn’t regret not cherishing the precious friendship among classmates until they attended the graduation ceremony. 55．面对电商的挑战，这家公司潜心经营，最终开发了独具匠心的产品，扭亏为盈。(turn) 【答案】Faced with the challenge from e-commerce, this company concentrated on management and finally developed innovative products, turning losses into profits./ Facing the challenge from e-commerce, this company concentrated on management and finally developed innovative products, turning losses into profits. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、时态和固定短语。句子描述的为过去的事情，使用一般过去时。状语“面对”为过去分词短语“faced with”（与逻辑主语this company是被动关系）或现在分词“facing”（与逻辑主语this company是主动关系），“来自……的挑战”为“challenge from”，“电商”为“e-commerce”，则“面对电商的挑战”翻译为“faced with the challenge from e-commerce”或“facing the challenge from e-commerce”；句子主语“这家公司”为“this company”，“专心做某事”为“concentrate on”，“经营”为“management”，则“潜心经营”翻译为“concentrate on management”；副词“最终”为“finally”，动词“开发”为“develop”（并列谓语动词），形容词“独具匠心的”为“innovative”，名词“产品”的复数为“products”，则“这家公司潜心经营，最终开发了独具匠心的产品”翻译为“This company concentrated on management and finally developed innovative products.”；短语“将……转变成……”为“turn...into...”，“亏损”为“losses”，“盈利”为“profits”，则结果状语“扭亏为盈”使用现在分词短语翻译为“turning losses into profits”。故“面对电商的挑战，这家公司潜心经营，最终开发了独具匠心的产品，扭亏为盈”翻译为Faced with the challenge from e-commerce, this company concentrated on management and finally developed innovative products, turning losses into profits./Facing the challenge from e-commerce, this company concentrated on management and finally developed innovative products, turning losses into profits. VI. Guided Writing （25分） 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，你校英语报正在举行征文比赛，主题为“The change that I expect AI to bring about”，写一篇文章参赛，内容须包括： (1)你最期待AI会带来的变化； (2)你期待这一变化的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The Change That I Expect AI to Bring About As a senior high school student, I’m highly interested in the potential of AI. The change that I most expect AI to bring about is in the field of education. I hope AI can provide personalized learning experiences for every student. In traditional classrooms, teachers have to teach a large group of students with different learning paces and styles. However, AI can analyze students’ learning data, such as their strengths, weaknesses, and learning speeds. Then it can customize study plans and materials for each individual. The reason for my expectation is that personalized learning can greatly improve learning efficiency. Students can focus more on the areas where they need improvement, and they won’t waste time on things they already know well. Moreover, it can also increase students’ enthusiasm for learning as they are more likely to achieve better results with a more suitable learning method. In this way, AI can help every student reach their full potential in education. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于征文类作文。要求考生以高二学生李明的身份，围绕“The change that I expect AI to bring about”这一主题进行写作，需包含最期待 AI 带来的变化以及期待这一变化的理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 希望：hope → wish 提供：provide → offer 然而：however → nevertheless 提高：improve → enhance 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, AI can analyze students’ learning data, such as their strengths, weaknesses, and learning speeds.    拓展句：However, AI, which has powerful computing capabilities, can analyze students’ learning data, such as their strengths, weaknesses, and learning speeds. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The change that I most expect AI to bring about is in the field of education. (运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] The reason for my expectation is that personalized learning can greatly improve learning efficiency.(运用了连词that引导表语从句) [高分句型3] Moreover, it can also increase students’ enthusiasm for learning as they are more likely to achieve better results with a more suitable learning method. (运用了从属连词as引导原因状语从句) 听力原文录音文字稿 Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: It is a wonderful night. Shall we have some champagne? M: Not if you expect me to drive you home? Q: Where does the conversation take place? 2. W: $100 dollars to fix my air-conditioner? I thought you said you could do it for half the price. M: I did. But it seemed that it was not the problem with the plug. The major part inside the machine went wrong. Q: How much should the woman pay the man? 3. W: Hi, I have a tourist map. But I still can’t find the entrance to the main gate of the palace. M: Oh, it is an old map. Follow me. I am going that way myself. Q: What is the man going to do? 4. W: It is so hot here in summer. M: Hot? This is nothing compared with what I experienced in Hong Kong last year. Q: What does the man mean? 5. M: I wish I had seen the comedy in person. W: Had I known that, I would have given you the ticket. Q: What can we infer from the conversation? 6. M: Jenny, how do you feel about life at college this year? W: Much the same as the last. Q: What does Jenny mean? 7. M: Did you attend the lecture by the Nobel Prize winner last night? W: Yes, he shared his life experience with us. No wonder he has had such a great achievement. Q: What can we learn about the lecturer? 8. M: Our neighborhood is going to have a swimming pool soon. W: It is about time. I don’t know why it has taken so long. Q: What is the woman’s opinion about the swimming pool? 9. M: I don’t feel like going out. Why don’t we just stay home and watch a football match on TV? W: Come on. You promised to take me out for dinner and to the theater on our wedding anniversary. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 10. M: Your sister looks thinner. Is she on a diet? W: No, she just knows how to dress so as to make herself look thinner. Q: Why does the man think the woman’s sister might be on a diet? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and passage(s). The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Many people think New York is a noisy city. Now even the insides of taxis are noisy. When you get into a taxi, you hear the voice of a well-known opera singer, sports announcer or Broadway actress giving instructions. The voice of a famous person tells you what to do. One popular singer gives this message: “Cats have nine lives, but you have only one, so fasten your seat belt.” Other voices say things such as “Don’t forget to collect all your belongings.” People often leave handbags, umbrellas in taxis. There is a good reason for the messages. There are more than 12,000 taxis in New York, and every year taxis get into more than 15,000 accidents. In an accident, people who don’t wear seat belts may easily get hurt. Every year about 11,000 people are injured in this way. Many people are annoyed by the voices. Taxi drivers in particular dislike the message. “I play the messages 12 hours a day. I hear the same voices 60 times a day. It makes me crazy,” says Tom, “I am a 45-year-old taxi driver. But if I don’t play the messages, I get fined $100.” A lot of passengers complain too. They think it is too noisy. Questions: 11. Why are the insides of New York’s taxis noisy? 12. How many accidents in New York every year involve taxis? 13. What will happen if the taxi driver doesn’t play the message? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. There are many advantages for the social science major because this high-tech “Information Age” demands people who are flexible and who have good communication skills. In large companies, many social science majors take up important positions. Studies found that social science majors have achieved greater managerial success than those who had technical training or pre-professional courses. Moreover, social science majors are most suited to change, which meets the need of the high-speed world we now live in. Social science majors are not only experiencing success in their long-term company jobs, but they are also finding jobs more easily. A study showed that many companies had filled a large percentage of their entry-level positions with social science graduates. The study also showed that the most popular quality in a person who was looking for a job was communication skills, noted as “very important” by 92 percent of the companies. Social science majors have these skills, often without knowing how important they are. It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions. Finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don’t regret their choice of study. Questions: 14. Why can social science majors meet the need of the high-speed world? 15. What kind of people are welcomed by companies in the job market? 16. What is the main idea of the passage? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following longer conversation. W: How is everything going on, Tony? M: Not bad, Jane. I am accustomed to the new working environment and I am on good terms with my new colleagues. W: I heard you have just bought an apartment in the suburbs. I am now considering buying a small apartment because my parents will retire soon and they want to live in Shanghai with me. M: You see, it was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch the first subway at 6:30 am but it is bearable now because I can spend a lot of time reading on the subway. W: Sounds good to me. Do you enjoy life in the new neighborhood? M: Sure. It is a new residential area developed by the government and the majority of the residents are young people, a vigorous group, I suppose. W: Sounds good. How do you pass time on weekends? M: Normally, I check WeChat groups to see if there are any interesting activities. You see, last weekend, I joined a bridge competition and the one before the last, I joined a reading club and we had fun discussing the latest novel written by J.K. Rowling. W: I see, I will do more research before making the final decision. M: You can drop by to have a look at my new place if you have time. W: OK. Questions: 17. What does Tony say about his new job? 18. Why is Jane considering buying an apartment now? 19. What did Tony do last weekend? 20. Which of the following statements is true? 2 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$