高考英语词汇变形迷惑行为大赏 清单-2025届高三下学期英语三轮复习专项
高考英语单词变形“迷惑行为”大赏
一、名词类
- 单复数
(1)辅音字母+y结尾,改y为i,加es : factory-factories;
(2)辅音字母+o结尾,通常加s,无生命的+es: hero-heroes; potato-potatoes; tomato-tomatoes;
(3)以 -s, -x, -z, -sh, -ch 结尾加 -es: box → boxes, tax-taxes; brush → brushes, watch → watches, quiz-quizzes(测试)
(4)单复同形: deer-deer; sheep-sheep; fish-fish (强调鱼的种类变成fishes)
(5)以 -f/-fe 结尾,变 f 为 v 再加 -es: knife-knives; wolf-wolves; wife-wives; life-lives; leaf-leaves; (“刀郎妻子生活中喜欢搜集落叶”)
(6)其它: criterion-criteria; bacterium-bacteria; medium-media;analysis → analyses;mouse-mice
- 所有格
(1)单数名词 + 's:the cat's tail, Mary's book;
(2) 复数名词 + ':the students' desks;
- 名词后缀
(1)动词+y变名词:deliver→delivery ;discover→discovery;recover→recovery
(2)形容词+ ity变名词:equal→equality ;popular→popularity;real→reality ;cruelty
(3)(人)ician 后缀:musician ;physician n.内科医生; politician ;technician ;librarian
(4)-or结尾表示职业: competitor/survivor/conductor/sailor/operator/professor/director/innovator /editor/tailor /investigator/translator
(5)动词+ tion 变名词: consume→consumption ; appreciate→appreciation ; reflect→reflection ; reject→rejection ;
substitute→substitution ;assume→assumption;
(6)动词+ ation 变名词:adapt→adaptation ;admire→admiration ;apply→application ;imagine→imagination ;satisfy→satisfaction ;recommend→recommendation
(7)动词+ ment 变名词:argue→argument ;achieve→achievement ;
(8)ency后缀构成的名词: fluent-fluency; frequent-frequency; efficient-efficiency; tend-tendency;
二、动词类
- 过去式、过去分词、现在分词不规则变形: 见课本最后页表格
- 第三人称单数:规则同名词单复数变形;
- 被动语态变形
时态 | 结构(be + 过去分词) | 示例 |
一般现在时被动 | am/is/are + invited | Letters are delivered daily. |
一般过去时被动 | was/were + asked | He was asked to leave. |
将来时被动 | will be + given | The prize will be given next week. |
现在完成时被动 | have/has been + written | The report has been written. |
现在进行时被动 | am/is/are being +written | The report is being written. |
(1)加 ify 变动词:simple→simplify ;beauty→beautify ;pure→purify ;identity→identify ;class→classify
三、形容词类
- 比较级/最高级
比较级 & 最高级(规则变化)(最高级前常用冠词the)
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