高考英语词汇变形迷惑行为大赏 清单-2025届高三下学期英语三轮复习专项

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高考英语单词变形“迷惑行为”大赏

一、名词类

  1. 单复数

(1)辅音字母+y结尾,改y为i,加es :  factory-factories;

(2)辅音字母+o结尾,通常加s,无生命的+es: hero-heroes; potato-potatoes; tomato-tomatoes;

(3)以 -s, -x, -z, -sh, -ch 结尾加 -es: box → boxes, tax-taxes; brush → brushes, watch → watches, quiz-quizzes(测试)

(4)单复同形: deer-deer; sheep-sheep; fish-fish (强调鱼的种类变成fishes)

(5)以 -f/-fe 结尾,变 f 为 v 再加 -es: knife-knives; wolf-wolves; wife-wives; life-lives; leaf-leaves; (“刀郎妻子生活中喜欢搜集落叶”)

(6)其它: criterion-criteria; bacterium-bacteria; medium-media;analysis → analyses;mouse-mice

  1. 所有格

(1)单数名词 + 's:the cat's tail, Mary's book;

(2) 复数名词 + ':the students' desks;

  1. 名词后缀

(1)动词+y变名词:deliver→delivery ;discover→discovery;recover→recovery

(2)形容词+ ity变名词:equal→equality ;popular→popularity;real→reality ;cruelty

(3)(人)ician 后缀:musician ;physician n.内科医生; politician ;technician ;librarian

(4)-or结尾表示职业: competitor/survivor/conductor/sailor/operator/professor/director/innovator /editor/tailor /investigator/translator

(5)动词+ tion 变名词:    consume→consumption ; appreciate→appreciation ; reflect→reflection ; reject→rejection ;

substitute→substitution ;assume→assumption;

(6)动词+ ation 变名词:adapt→adaptation ;admire→admiration ;apply→application ;imagine→imagination ;satisfy→satisfaction ;recommend→recommendation

(7)动词+ ment 变名词:argue→argument ;achieve→achievement ;

(8)ency后缀构成的名词: fluent-fluency; frequent-frequency; efficient-efficiency; tend-tendency;

 

二、动词类

  1.                 过去式、过去分词、现在分词不规则变形: 见课本最后页表格
  2.                 第三人称单数:规则同名词单复数变形;
  3.                 被动语态变形

时态

结构(be + 过去分词)

示例

一般现在时被动

am/is/are + invited

Letters are delivered daily.

一般过去时被动

was/were + asked

He was asked to leave.

将来时被动

will be + given

The prize will be given next week.

现在完成时被动

have/has been + written

The report has been written.

现在进行时被动

am/is/are being +written

The report is being written.

(1)加 ify 变动词:simple→simplify ;beauty→beautify ;pure→purify ;identity→identify ;class→classify

 

三、形容词类

  1. 比较级/最高级

比较级 & 最高级(规则变化)(最高级前常用冠词the)page number 0

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