精品解析：上海市普陀区2023-2024学年下学期八年级英语期末质量检测试题

2023学年第二学期期末学习质量调研 八年级英语试卷 （满分120分，考试时间100分钟） 2024.6 考生注意：本卷有7大题，共83小题。试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。 Part 1 Listening （第一部分 听力） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）（共30分） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分） A B C D E F G H 1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______ 6. ______ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear （根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分） 7. A. May. B. Alice. C. Kate. D. Lucy. 8. A. Japan. B. Australia. C. Britain. D. America. 9. A. Dull. B. Dangerous. C. Exciting. D. Relaxing. 10. A. An editor. B. A lawyer. C. A fireman. D.A journalist. 11. A. $7.5. B. $15. C. $30. D. $50. 12. A. At home. B. At the hospital. C. At the library. D. At the hotel. 13. A. She drinks too much water. B. She has a bad cold. C She can’t sleep well. D. She can’t change the weather. 14. A. Because he started late. B. Because he forgot the time. C. Because he lost his ticket. D. Because the traffic was very heavy. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分） 15. Dr. Nakamura is a scientist who is famous for cloning（克隆）. 16. The scientist once wrote an article published in “Science for Today” magazine. 17. Andy has been lonely since his wife died twelve years ago. 18. It is Cindy who gives Andy happiness and warmth. 19. Andy wants Dr. Nakamura to clone a wife for him. 20. Andy thinks it’s more important to be rich than to be lonely. D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。每空格限填一词）（10分） 21. In the history books there are ______ ______ of the Earth in 2020. 22. The Arctic ice ______ ______, the oceans were rising and the Earth was getting warmer. 23. Some countries were so busy ________ ________ that they paid no attention to climate change. 24. People started driving cars and using ______ ______, which caused a lot of pollution. 25. In the city Joe lives in, they have electricity only ______ ______ a week. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法） Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分） 1. Which of the following words is pronounced as /feə/? A. fear B. fire C. fair D. fill 2. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others? A. Relax and take a deep breath. B. Demand for water will increase. C. Heat the milk on the oven. D. Your parents will be pleased with you. 3. Joe wants to play ________ trick on his classmates, so he hides in the back of the truck. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. If you love someone, you’ll like all that belongs to ________. A. he B. his C. himself D. him 5. Mr. Smith has two sons. One works in Germany, and ________ studies in Shanghai. A. the other B. other C. others D. another 6. Connie, we have very ________ vegetables for dinner. Could you go and buy some with me? A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 7 You must be very careful ________ the chemicals when you’re doing the experiment. A. of B. for C. with D. against 8. These days everyone seems ________ than a bee. A. busy B. busier C. busily D. more busily 9. You don’t have to know the writer’s name to find a book. You ________ find it by the title. A. must B. need C. can D. should 10. useful robot it is! It can help with the housework like a human servant. A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 11. The rain water flows ________ the underground sewage pipes into the treatment plants. A. through B. by C. under D. into 12. —________ should I take the medicine, Doctor? —Three times a day after meals. A How far B. How often C. How soon D. How long 13. Children are taught to give their teeth a good brush ________ they go to bed. A. if B. after C. because D. before 14. Something must be done to stop air pollution, ________ we will have no fresh air. A. but B. or C. and D. so 15. Our manager is out at the moment. I ________ you as soon as he comes back. A. tell B. told C. have told D. will tell 16. The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A. doesn’t finish B. didn’t finish C. hasn’t finished D. won’t finish 17. When it’s raining, I don’t feel like ________ outside. A. go B. going C. to go D. to going 18. Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. to turning 19. —Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to the ferry pier? —________ I’m new here. A. It doesn’t matter. B. You’re welcome. C. That’s a good idea. D. Sorry, I have no idea. 20. — Three people lost their lives in the traffic accident yesterday. —______ A. Congratulations! B. That’s terrible! C. That’s all right. D. I don’t think so. Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once. （将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A. communicate B. explain C. main D. balance E. product F. connect G. thought of Teenage Inventors From school project to successful business When Ruth Amos created a design as part of a project, her ____21____ aim was to get a good grade. She didn’t realize that she had invented something which might make her rich. Her teacher had asked her to design a ____22____ to help old or disabled people to go up and down the stairs. Ruth’s Stair Steady is a metal bar which slides on a metal rail. It can help people keep ____23____. The glove that translates “There was a group of deaf people who needed help to order their food in the fast-food restaurant,” Ryan Patterson remembers. Although deaf people can use their sign language to ____24____, many people don’t understand it. Ryan used his skills to invent a Sign Language Translator — a glove which translates sign language into letters. The deaf people only need to put on the glove, make a sign, and the letter appears on a computer screen. The waterbike Krysta Morlan was 16 when she invented a special waterbike. She ____25____ the idea when she was doing exercise in the swimming pool. She had spent a lot of time in the hospital and needed to recover her strength. “I loved bicycling, but I hadn’t ridden a bicycle for a long time,” she tried to ____26____, “The idea of the waterbike was to have fun and still get the advantage of a workout in the pool.” Anyone can have fun on Krysta’s invention, whether they are disabled or not. Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共6分） 27. Tagore (泰戈尔) wrote his ________ poem when he was eight years old. (one) 28. Sometimes, it is not easy for us to express ________ clearly in public. (we) 29 Learning and practising will surely ________ us to make greater progress. (able) 30. The ________ water we waste or pollute, the more we will have for tomorrow. (little) 31. For your own ________, never answer the door unless the parents tell you to. (safe) 32. ________, I like reading the Chicken Soup books because they are inspiring. (personal) Ⅴ. Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。58-60小题每空格限填一词）（共8分） 33. My dad usually has a shower before eating dinner.（改为一般疑问句） ________ your dad usually ________ a shower before eating dinner? 34. Abner followed Eric’s advice to design this smart robot. (对划线部分提问) ________ advice ________ Abner follow to design this smart robot? 35. Can you get me a packet of flour? Benny asked.（合并成一句） Benny asked ________ I ________ get him a packet of flour. 36. saw, collecting rubbish, in the neighbourhood, some volunteers, I (连词成句) ________________________________________________. Part 3 Reading and Writing （第三部分 读写） Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共36分） Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Sing a song of people Sing a song of people Walking fast or slow; People in the city Up and down they go. People in tall buildings And in stores below; Riding elevators Up and down they go. 20 People on the sidewalk, 5 People on the bus; People passing, passing, In back and front of us. People walking singly, People in a crowd; People saying nothing, People talking loud. People on the subway Underneath the ground. 10 People riding taxis Round and round and round. People laughing, smiling, 25 Grumpy people too; People who just hurry And never look at you! People with their hats on, Going in the doors; People with umbrellas 15 When it rains and pours. Sing a song of people Who like to come and go; 30 Sing of city people You see but never know! 37. The poem is about a ________ city. A. clean B. busy C. rainy D. small 38. Which form of transport is NOT mentioned in the poem? A. bus B. taxi C. subway D. lorry 39. In Line 21, the word ‘singly’ means ________. A. alone B. fast C. together D. quietly 40. According to the poem, people in the cities ________. A. are friendly B. always move fast C. often do not know each other D. usually walk 41. Which of the following could be another title of this poem? A. A day in the city. B. City people. C. People we know. D. Fun in the city. 42. In the poem, ‘ground’ in Line 10 and ‘________’ are a pair of rhyming words. A. subways B. taxis C. round D. loud If you like talking to people and writing stories, being a news reporter may be the job for you. It is difficult, though! Reporters work hard and face tough deadlines. They follow four steps to finish a news story. 1. Do research. When reporters ____43____ a news event, they gather facts. They interview people involved in the event and take careful ____44____. They try to answer the questions who, what, when, where, why and how. 2. Write the lead. The lead of the news story is the first sentence or several sentences. The lead tells the most ____45____ idea of the story and makes the reader want to keep reading. 3. Write the body of the story. The body part gives ____46____ that support the lead sentence. Sometimes, the body contains quotes from the people interviewed by the reporter. 4. Write the headline. A headline is the title of a news story. It should summarize the main idea of the story and catch the readers’ ____47____. 43. A. talk about B. learn about C. think about D. complain about 44. A. steps B. plans C. notes D. decisions 45. A. interesting B. important C. puzzled D. delighted 46. A. titles B. sections C. details D. suggestions 47. A. attention B. attraction C. advice D. award Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Tourism (旅游业) Tourism: Who gets the money? Many tourists believe that much of the money they spend on a vacation to a poor country benefits (使……受益) the local community. But how much of the cost of this kind of vacation r____48____ goes to the country you visit? Let’s take a family in the U.S. who goes on vacation somewhere in Africa. Some of their money goes to the travel a____49____ who sells the vacation and to the tour company that organizes it. More money goes to the American airline that flies the family there and back. The resort is owned by a European company. The manager and top staff at the resort are European, and most of their salary is paid into banks back home. The waiters, cooks, and cleaners are local, but they don’t earn very much money. And the food and drink which they serve is almost all imported (进口). As a rule, less than a third of the money paid for this kind of vacation goes to the country which is visited. How tourism can h____50____ developing countries So it is always wrong to visit poor countries as a tourist? Not at all—it depends on the kind of vacation you take. Responsible tourists use their visit to learn about the c____51____ and language of the country they are in. They interact with the locals and ask questions—rather than believing that they know all the answers! They travel by public transportation and eat the local food. The souvenirs they buy are locally-made. And everyone benefits. The responsible tourist has a great vacation, and the money that is spent stays in the country. The good news about tourism Tourism is big business and provides at least 10 m____52____ jobs around the world. Tourist spending is very important for the economies of many countries, providing a high percentage of their income. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, tourism produces over U.S. $6 trillion a year. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题） At the age of 17, Hugh Herr had a rock climbing accident. He became lost on Mount Washington, U.S. The weather was terrible, and for four days, he waited for help in the snow and ice without any equipment or any food. When people arrived, Hugh couldn’t feel his legs. He spent two months in the hospital and finally lost both legs at the knee. Doctors gave him two artificial (人造的) legs, but they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing. But that didn’t stop Hugh! He decided to study mechanical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He designed and made his own artificial legs! He used springs (弹簧) because they were powerful. Now he could continue his favourite sport. He found he could climb even better than he could before his accident! He also continued his research, at Harvard. Today, Hugh is a professor at MIT and is co-founder (共同创立者) of iWalk, a company where in 2007, he helped create an amazing new artificial ankle (脚踝) called PowerFoot One. PowerFoot One uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more natural. For the first time, people with artificial legs can actually feel like they are walking. That year, Time magazine called it one of the best innovations of the year, together with the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and the iPhone. Of course, Hugh uses PowerFoot One himself! Thanks to Hugh, people with disabilities can enjoy a better quality of life. 53. Did Hugh lose both of his legs when he was 17? _____________________________________________ 54. Why didn’t he like the artificial legs doctors gave him? _____________________________________________ 55 Where did he study mechanical engineering? _____________________________________________ 56. What is Powerfoot One and what makes it amazing? _____________________________________________ 57. What can you learn from Hugh? _____________________________________________ Ⅶ. Writing（作文）（共14分） 58. Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic “Happy Little Surprises”（请以“生活中的小惊喜”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。） （注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023学年第二学期期末学习质量调研 八年级英语试卷 （满分120分，考试时间100分钟） 2024.6 考生注意：本卷有7大题，共83小题。试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。 Part 1 Listening （第一部分 听力） Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（听力理解）（共30分） A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分） A B C D E F G H 1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______ 6. ______ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear （根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分） 7. A. May. B. Alice. C. Kate. D. Lucy. 8. A. Japan. B. Australia. C. Britain. D. America. 9. A. Dull. B. Dangerous. C. Exciting. D. Relaxing. 10. A. An editor. B. A lawyer. C. A fireman. D.A journalist. 11. A. $7.5. B. $15. C. $30. D. $50. 12. A. At home. B. At the hospital. C. At the library. D. At the hotel. 13. A. She drinks too much water. B. She has a bad cold. C. She can’t sleep well. D. She can’t change the weather. 14. A. Because he started late. B. Because he forgot the time. C. Because he lost his ticket. D. Because the traffic was very heavy. C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分） 15. Dr. Nakamura is a scientist who is famous for cloning（克隆）. 16. The scientist once wrote an article published in “Science for Today” magazine. 17. Andy has been lonely since his wife died twelve years ago. 18. It is Cindy who gives Andy happiness and warmth. 19. Andy wants Dr. Nakamura to clone a wife for him. 20. Andy thinks it’s more important to be rich than to be lonely. D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。每空格限填一词）（10分） 21. In the history books there are ______ ______ of the Earth in 2020. 22. The Arctic ice ______ ______, the oceans were rising and the Earth was getting warmer. 23. Some countries were so busy ________ ________ that they paid no attention to climate change. 24. People started driving cars and using ______ ______, which caused a lot of pollution. 25. In the city Joe lives in, they have electricity only ______ ______ a week. Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法） Ⅱ. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分） 1. Which of the following words is pronounced as /feə/? A. fear B. fire C. fair D. fill 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：下列哪个单词发音/feə/？ 考查语音。fear[fɪə(r)]；fire[ˈfaɪə]；fair[feə]；fill[fɪl]。根据音标可知，选项C符合题意。故选C。 2. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others? A. Relax and take a deep breath. B. Demand for water will increase. C. Heat the milk on the oven. D. Your parents will be pleased with you. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：下面划线部分哪一个的发音与其他的不一样？ 考查语音知识。breath划线部分发音为/e/；increase划线部分发音为/iː/；Heat划线部分发音为/iː/；pleased划线部分发音为/iː/。A选项划线部分发/e /，B、C、D选项划线部分发/ iː/。故选A。 3. Joe wants to play ________ trick on his classmates, so he hides in the back of the truck. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：乔想捉弄他的同学，所以他躲在卡车后面。 考查冠词用法。play a trick on sb“捉弄某人”，为固定短语，故选A。 4. If you love someone, you’ll like all that belongs to ________. A. he B. his C. himself D. him 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你喜欢某人，你将喜欢所有属于他的东西。 考查代词辨析。he主格；his物主代词；himself反身代词；him宾格。根据“belongs to”可知，介词后跟人称代词的宾格形式。故选D。 5. Mr. Smith has two sons. One works in Germany, and ________ studies in Shanghai. A. the other B. other C. others D. another 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：史密斯先生有两个儿子，一个在德国工作，另一个则在上海读书． 考查代词辨析。the other两者中的另一个；other其他的；others其他人或物，相当于“other+复数名词”；another(三者或三者以上)另一个。根据“Mr. Smith has two sons.”可知，这里指两者中的另一个，故选A。 6. Connie, we have very ________ vegetables for dinner. Could you go and buy some with me? A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：Connie，我们晚餐几乎没有蔬菜。你能去和我买一些吗？ 考查形容词辨析。few几乎没有，用在句中常为否定意义，其后常接可数名词复数；a few有一些，用于句中常为肯定意义，其后常接可数名词复数；little几乎没有，用于句中是否定意义，其后常接不可数名词；a little有一点儿，用于句中属于肯定意义，其后常接不可数名词。根据句中关键词vegetables是可数名词复数，可排除C、D选项；再根据“Could you go and buy some with me?”可知，要去买，是剩下的不多了，几乎没有了，表达否定的意义，故填few，排除B选项。故选A。 7. You must be very careful ________ the chemicals when you’re doing the experiment. A. of B. for C. with D. against 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你做实验时，必须非常小心这些化学药品。 考查介词辨析。of……的；for为了；with和；against反对。根据“You must be very careful … the chemicals”可知，此处是固定搭配“be careful with”的用法，表示“小心某物”。故选C。 8. These days everyone seems ________ than a bee. A. busy B. busier C. busily D. more busily 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如今，每个人似乎都比蜜蜂更忙碌。 考查比较级。busy忙的，形容词；busier更忙，比较级；busily忙，副词；more busily更忙，比较级。根据“than”可知应用比较级，排除AC；seem是系动词，后加形容词作表语，故选B。 9. You don’t have to know the writer’s name to find a book. You ________ find it by the title. A. must B. need C. can D. should 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你不必知道作者的名字就能找到一本书。你可以通过书名找到它。 考查情态动词辨析。must必须；need需要；can能；能够；should应当。根据前句“don’t have to”可知，找书不依赖作者名，通过书名能够找到书。故选C。 10. useful robot it is! It can help with the housework like a human servant. A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：它是多么有用的机器人啊！它能像人类的仆人一样帮助干家务。 How引导感叹句后面跟形容词或副词原形，构成：How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！ What引导感叹句，后面跟名词，构成：（1）What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！（2）What+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!本句中 useful robot it is!的中心词是名词，useful ['juːsfʊl; -f(ə)l]辅音音素开头，结合句意和语境可知选B。 11. The rain water flows ________ the underground sewage pipes into the treatment plants. A. through B. by C. under D. into 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：雨水通过地下污水管道进入污水处理厂。 考查介词辨析。through穿过；by通过某种方式；under在……下面；into进入。根据“The rain water flows … the underground sewage pipes into the treatment plants.”句意可知，此处表示“经过，流经”，flow through表示“流经”，为固定搭配。故选A。 12. —________ should I take the medicine, Doctor? —Three times a day after meals. A. How far B. How often C. How soon D. How long 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——医生，我应该多久吃一次药？——一天三次。 考查特殊疑问词。How far多远，问距离；How often多久一次，问频率；How soon多久以后，问将来的时间；How long多长，问长度。根据答语“Three times a day”可知，回答的是频率。故选B。 13. Children are taught to give their teeth a good brush ________ they go to bed. A. if B. after C. because D. before 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：孩子们被教导要在睡觉前好好刷牙。 考查连词辨析。if如果；after在……之后；because因为；before在……之前。根据“Children are taught to give their teeth a good brush...they go to bed.”可知，睡前刷牙是健康习惯。故选D。 14. Something must be done to stop air pollution, ________ we will have no fresh air. A. but B. or C. and D. so 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：必须采取措施来阻止空气污染，否则我们就没有新鲜空气了。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or否则，或者；and和；so因此，所以。根据空格前后句子意思可知，两个分句存在“条件—后果”关系。前半句“必须采取措施阻止空气污染”是必须满足的条件，后半句“我们将没有新鲜空气”是未满足条件时的负面结果。连词or在此处表示“否则”，用于警告如果不采取行动将导致不良后果。故选B。 15. Our manager is out at the moment. I ________ you as soon as he comes back. A. tell B. told C. have told D. will tell 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们的经理现在外出了。他一回来我就告诉你。 考查时态。根据“as soon as he comes back”可知，此处是as soon as，表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，时态上遵循“主将从现”原则，所以主句用一般将来时（will do）。故选D。 16. The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A. doesn’t finish B. didn’t finish C. hasn’t finished D. won’t finish 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：林先生办公室的灯还亮着。恐怕他还没有完成工作。 考查现在完成时。根据“The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office.”可知，林先生办公室的灯还亮着，说明他的工作应该还没有完成，句子应用现在完成时。故选C。 17. When it’s raining, I don’t feel like ________ outside. A. go B. going C. to go D. to going 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：下雨的时候，我不想出去。 考查非谓语动词。feel like doing sth.意为“想要做某事”，故选B。 18. Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. to turning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你离开时，别忘记关电扇。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事。根据“Don’t forget...off the fans when you leave.”可知，这里指离开时别忘记关电扇，动作还未做，应用动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 19. —Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to the ferry pier? —________ I’m new here. A. It doesn’t matter. B. You’re welcome. C. That’s a good idea. D. Sorry, I have no idea. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——打扰一下。你能告诉我去码头的路吗？——对不起，我不知道。我是新来的。 考查情景交际用语。It doesn’t matter没关系；You’re welcome不用谢；That’s a good idea是个好主意；Sorry, I have no idea对不起，我不知道。根据“I’m new here.”可知，对方不知道路怎么走，故选D。 20. — Three people lost their lives in the traffic accident yesterday. —______ A. Congratulations! B. That’s terrible! C. That’s all right. D. I don’t think so. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——昨天在交通事故中三个人失去了生命。——那太糟糕了。 考查情景交际。Congratulations!祝贺；That’s terrible!太糟糕了；That’s all right.没关系；I don’t think so.我不这么认为。根据“Three people lost their lives in the traffic accident yesterday.”可知，这件事情是非常糟糕的。故选B。 Complete the following passage with the words or expressions in the box. Each can only be used once. （将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次） A. communicate B. explain C. main D. balance E. product F. connect G. thought of Teenage Inventors From school project to successful business When Ruth Amos created a design as part of a project, her ____21____ aim was to get a good grade. She didn’t realize that she had invented something which might make her rich. Her teacher had asked her to design a ____22____ to help old or disabled people to go up and down the stairs. Ruth’s Stair Steady is a metal bar which slides on a metal rail. It can help people keep ____23____. The glove that translates “There was a group of deaf people who needed help to order their food in the fast-food restaurant,” Ryan Patterson remembers. Although deaf people can use their sign language to ____24____, many people don’t understand it. Ryan used his skills to invent a Sign Language Translator — a glove which translates sign language into letters. The deaf people only need to put on the glove, make a sign, and the letter appears on a computer screen. The waterbike Krysta Morlan was 16 when she invented a special waterbike. She ____25____ the idea when she was doing exercise in the swimming pool. She had spent a lot of time in the hospital and needed to recover her strength. “I loved bicycling, but I hadn’t ridden a bicycle for a long time,” she tried to ____26____, “The idea of the waterbike was to have fun and still get the advantage of a workout in the pool.” Anyone can have fun on Krysta’s invention, whether they are disabled or not. 【答案】21. C 22. E 23. D 24. A 25. G 26. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了三位青少年发明家的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：当露丝·阿莫斯作为一个项目的一部分进行设计时，她的主要目标是获得一个好成绩。根据“She didn’t realize that she had invented something which might make her rich.”可知，其最主要的目标是拿高分，“main”修饰“aim”表示“主要的”，符合语境。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：她的老师让她设计一种产品，帮助老人或残疾人上下楼梯。根据“Ruth’s Stair Steady is a metal bar which slides on a metal rail.”可知，此处指设计“产品”，“product”符合语义，指发明的实物。故选E。 【23题详解】 句意：它可以帮助人们保持平衡。根据“help old or disabled people to go up and down the stairs”可知，该发明功能是辅助上下楼梯，“keep balance”为固定短语，意为“保持平衡”，故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：虽然聋人可以用他们的手语来交流，但很多人不理解。根据“a group of deaf people who needed help to order their food”可知，聋人需通过手语“交流”，“communicate”意为“交流”，故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：她在游泳池锻炼时想到了这个主意。根据“when she was doing exercise in the swimming pool”可知，此处表示“想出”主意，“thought of”为固定短语，意为“想到”，故选G。 【26题详解】 句意：她试图解释：“水上自行车的想法是为了在游泳池中既能享受乐趣，又能获得锻炼的好处。”根据“The idea of the waterbike was to have fun and still get the advantage of a workout in the pool.”可知，这是在“解释”发明初衷，“explain”意为“解释”，故选B。 Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共6分） 27. Tagore (泰戈尔) wrote his ________ poem when he was eight years old. (one) 【答案】first 【解析】 【详解】句意：泰戈尔八岁时写了他的第一首诗。空处修饰名词单数形式poem，用one的序数词形式first“第一”，表顺序。故填first。 28. Sometimes, it is not easy for us to express ________ clearly in public. (we) 【答案】ourselves 【解析】 【详解】句意：有时，我们很难在公开场合清晰地表达自己。根据“it is not easy for us to express... clearly in public.”可知，空处指“我们自己”，需主格we的反身代词ourselves，作express的宾语。故填ourselves。 29. Learning and practising will surely ________ us to make greater progress. (able) 【答案】enable 【解析】 【详解】句意：学习和实践必将使我们取得更大的进步。able“能够的”，形容词，空处缺少谓语，用动词形式enable“能够”，enable sb to do sth“使某人能够做某事”，助动词will后面加动词原形。故填enable。 30. The ________ water we waste or pollute, the more we will have for tomorrow. (little) 【答案】less 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：我们浪费或污染的水越少，明天的水就越多。根据题干可知，本句考查固定句型：“the+比较级，the+比较级，”意为“越……，就越……”，little的比较级为less；故填less。 31. For your own ________, never answer the door unless the parents tell you to. (safe) 【答案】safety 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了你自己的安全，除非父母告诉你，否则不要开门。形容词own后应跟名词形式，形容词safe的名词为safety，意为“安全”，故填safety。 32. ________, I like reading the Chicken Soup books because they are inspiring. (personal) 【答案】Personally 【解析】 【详解】句意：在个人看来，我喜欢读《心灵鸡汤》系列书籍，因为它们很励志。根据句意及所给提示词可知，此处表示“个人认为”，空处在句中作状语，所以应用副词personally，句首首字母大写。故填Personally。 Ⅴ. Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。58-60小题每空格限填一词）（共8分） 33. My dad usually has a shower before eating dinner.（改为一般疑问句） ________ your dad usually ________ a shower before eating dinner? 【答案】 ①. Does ②. have 【解析】 【详解】句意：我爸爸通常在吃晚饭前洗个澡。题干句子为一般现在时，且含有实义动词has，变一般疑问句时，在句首加助动词Does，动词单三形式变回原形have，故填Does；have。 34. Abner followed Eric’s advice to design this smart robot. (对划线部分提问) ________ advice ________ Abner follow to design this smart robot? 【答案】 ① Whose ②. did 【解析】 【详解】句意：Abner听从了Eric的建议，设计了这个智能机器人。第一句中的划线部分是Eric’s，而在下面这个句子中，第一个空格后面的词语是advice，因此可知这句话的意思是Abner按照谁的建议来设计的智能机器人，whose“谁的”，位于句首，首字母大写。因为第一个句子用的是一般过去时，所以要用助动词did来构成特殊疑问句。故填Whose；did。 35. Can you get me a packet of flour? Benny asked.（合并成一句） Benny asked ________ I ________ get him a packet of flour. 【答案】 ①. if##whether ②. could 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能给我拿包面粉吗？Benny问。原句为直接引语，合并为一句，可将直接引语变为间接引语，Benny asked后面接宾语从句，需用连词if/whether“是否”引导，且从句为陈述语序，根据asked可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式could。故填if/whether；could。 36. saw, collecting rubbish, in the neighbourhood, some volunteers, I (连词成句) ________________________________________________. 【答案】I saw some volunteers collecting rubbish in the neighborhood 【解析】 【详解】根据所给单词及标点可知，本句为陈述句，时态为一般过去时，I“我”作主语，saw“看见”作谓语，some volunteers“一些志愿者”作宾语，collecting rubbish“捡垃圾”作宾补，in the neighborhood“在附近”作地点状语。故填I saw some volunteers collecting rubbish in the neighborhood“我看到一些志愿者在附近捡垃圾”。 Part 3 Reading and Writing （第三部分 读写） Ⅵ. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共36分） Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Sing a song of people Sing a song of people Walking fast or slow; People in the city Up and down they go. People in tall buildings And in stores below; Riding elevators Up and down they go. 20 People on the sidewalk, 5 People on the bus; People passing, passing, In back and front of us. People walking singly, People in a crowd; People saying nothing, People talking loud. People on the subway Underneath the ground. 10 People riding taxis Round and round and round. People laughing, smiling, 25 Grumpy people too; People who just hurry And never look at you! People with their hats on, Going in the doors; People with umbrellas 15 When it rains and pours. Sing a song of people Who like to come and go; 30 Sing of city people You see but never know! 37. The poem is about a ________ city. A. clean B. busy C. rainy D. small 38. Which form of transport is NOT mentioned in the poem? A bus B. taxi C. subway D. lorry 39. In Line 21, the word ‘singly’ means ________. A. alone B. fast C. together D. quietly 40. According to the poem, people in the cities ________. A. are friendly B. always move fast C. often do not know each other D. usually walk 41. Which of the following could be another title of this poem? A. A day in the city. B. City people. C. People we know. D. Fun in the city. 42. In the poem, ‘ground’ in Line 10 and ‘________’ are a pair of rhyming words. A. subways B. taxis C. round D. loud 【答案】37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C 41. B 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一首诗歌，描述了城市中形形色色的人们忙碌的生活状态，展现了城市的繁忙与人与人之间的陌生感。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。诗中描述人们“Walking fast or slow”，“Riding elevators”、“passing, passing”和“hurry”等动态行为，以及多种交通工具可知，体现了城市的繁忙。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据诗歌内容可知，诗歌中提到的交通工具包括：bus、taxi和subway，但未提及lorry“卡车”。故选D。 【39题详解】 词义猜测题。“People walking singly,”和“People saying nothing,”对应，“People in a crowd;”和“People talking loud.”对应，所以这里表示人们独自走着，故选A。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Sing of city people...You see but never know!”可知，城市中人们彼此陌生。故选C。 【41题详解】 最佳标题题。诗歌通篇围绕城市中不同状态的人群展开，因此“City people”是最贴切的标题。故选B。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。第10行“Underneath the ground”与第12行“Round and round and round”中，“ground”和“round”押韵。故选C。 If you like talking to people and writing stories, being a news reporter may be the job for you. It is difficult, though! Reporters work hard and face tough deadlines. They follow four steps to finish a news story. 1. Do research. When reporters ____43____ a news event, they gather facts. They interview people involved in the event and take careful ____44____. They try to answer the questions who, what, when, where, why and how. 2. Write the lead. The lead of the news story is the first sentence or several sentences. The lead tells the most ____45____ idea of the story and makes the reader want to keep reading. 3. Write the body of the story. The body part gives ____46____ that support the lead sentence. Sometimes, the body contains quotes from the people interviewed by the reporter. 4. Write the headline. A headline is the title of a news story. It should summarize the main idea of the story and catch the readers’ ____47____. 43. A. talk about B. learn about C. think about D. complain about 44. A. steps B. plans C. notes D. decisions 45. A. interesting B. important C. puzzled D. delighted 46. A. titles B. sections C. details D. suggestions 47. A. attention B. attraction C. advice D. award 【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍记者完成一个新故事所需要的四个步骤。 【43题详解】 句意：当记者了解到一个新闻事件时，他们收集事实。 talk about谈论；learn about了解；think about思考；complain about抱怨。根据常识可知，应是“了解”新闻事件时，需要收集事实。故选B。 【44题详解】 句意：他们采访事件相关人员并认真记录。 steps步骤；plans计划；notes笔记，记录；decisions决定。根据“take careful …”及“Do research.”可知，，调查时应会“记笔记”，take notes“记录，记笔记”，是固定搭配。故选C。 【45题详解】 句意：导语讲述了故事最重要的思想，使读者想继续阅读。 interesting有趣的；important重要的；puzzled困惑的；delighted高兴的。根据“and makes the reader want to keep reading.”可知，要想使读者继续阅读，就需要突出最重要的观点。故选B。 【46题详解】 句意：故事的主体部分给出了支持主句的细节。 titles标题；sections部分；details细节；suggestions建议。根据后面“that support the lead sentence”可知，需要用细节来支持主句。故选C。 【47题详解】 句意：它应该涵盖故事的主要思想，引起读者的注意。 attention注意力；attraction吸引力；advice建议；award奖励。根据“It should summarize the main idea of the story and catch the readers’ …”可知，标题是要吸引读者的注意。故选A。 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Tourism (旅游业) Tourism: Who gets the money? Many tourists believe that much of the money they spend on a vacation to a poor country benefits (使……受益) the local community. But how much of the cost of this kind of vacation r____48____ goes to the country you visit? Let’s take a family in the U.S. who goes on vacation somewhere in Africa. Some of their money goes to the travel a____49____ who sells the vacation and to the tour company that organizes it. More money goes to the American airline that flies the family there and back. The resort is owned by a European company. The manager and top staff at the resort are European, and most of their salary is paid into banks back home. The waiters, cooks, and cleaners are local, but they don’t earn very much money. And the food and drink which they serve is almost all imported (进口). As a rule, less than a third of the money paid for this kind of vacation goes to the country which is visited. How tourism can h____50____ developing countries So it is always wrong to visit poor countries as a tourist? Not at all—it depends on the kind of vacation you take. Responsible tourists use their visit to learn about the c____51____ and language of the country they are in. They interact with the locals and ask questions—rather than believing that they know all the answers! They travel by public transportation and eat the local food. The souvenirs they buy are locally-made. And everyone benefits. The responsible tourist has a great vacation, and the money that is spent stays in the country. The good news about tourism Tourism is big business and provides at least 10 m____52____ jobs around the world. Tourist spending is very important for the economies of many countries, providing a high percentage of their income. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, tourism produces over U.S. $6 trillion a year. 【答案】48 (r)eally 49. (a)gent 50. (h)elp 51. (c)ulture 52. (m)illion 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了旅游业对贫困国家的影响，以及如何通过负责任的旅游方式帮助发展中国家。文章还提到了旅游业对全球经济的贡献。 【48题详解】 句意：但是这种假期的费用有多少真正流入了你所访问的国家？根据“But how much of the cost of this kind of vacation...goes to the country you visit?”和首字母可知，此处是指假期的费用是否真正流入了所访问的国家。really“真正地”，副词，修饰动词goes。故填(r)eally。 【49题详解】 句意：他们的一些钱流向了销售假期的旅行社代理商和负责组织假期的旅游公司。根据“Some of their money goes to the travel...who sells the vacation and to the tour company that organizes it.”和首字母可知，此处是指旅行社代理商。travel agent表示“旅行社代理商”。故填(a)gent。 【50题详解】 句意：旅游业如何帮助发展中国家。根据“How tourism can...developing countries”和首字母可知，此处是指旅游业对发展中国家的帮助。help“帮助”，动词，can后跟动词原形。故填(h)elp。 【51题详解】 句意：负责任的游客利用他们的访问来了解他们所在国家的文化和语言。根据“Responsible tourists use their visit to learn about the...and language of the country they are in.”和首字母可知，此处是指了解国家的文化。culture“文化”，名词，与language并列。故填(c)ulture。 【52题详解】 句意：旅游业是大生意，至少提供了1000万个就业机会。根据“Tourism is big business and provides at least 10...jobs around the world.”和首字母可知，此处是指旅游业提供了大量的就业机会。million“百万”，名词，表示数量。故填(m)illion。 Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题） At the age of 17, Hugh Herr had a rock climbing accident. He became lost on Mount Washington, U.S. The weather was terrible, and for four days, he waited for help in the snow and ice without any equipment or any food. When people arrived, Hugh couldn’t feel his legs. He spent two months in the hospital and finally lost both legs at the knee. Doctors gave him two artificial (人造的) legs, but they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing. But that didn’t stop Hugh! He decided to study mechanical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He designed and made his own artificial legs! He used springs (弹簧) because they were powerful. Now he could continue his favourite sport. He found he could climb even better than he could before his accident! He also continued his research, at Harvard. Today Hugh is a professor at MIT and is co-founder (共同创立者) of iWalk, a company where in 2007, he helped create an amazing new artificial ankle (脚踝) called PowerFoot One. PowerFoot One uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more natural. For the first time, people with artificial legs can actually feel like they are walking. That year, Time magazine called it one of the best innovations of the year, together with the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and the iPhone. Of course, Hugh uses PowerFoot One himself! Thanks to Hugh, people with disabilities can enjoy a better quality of life. 53. Did Hugh lose both of his legs when he was 17? _____________________________________________ 54. Why didn’t he like the artificial legs doctors gave him? _____________________________________________ 55. Where did he study mechanical engineering? _____________________________________________ 56. What is Powerfoot One and what makes it amazing? _____________________________________________ 57. What can you learn from Hugh? _____________________________________________ 【答案】53. Yes, he did. 54. Because they were painful. 55. At Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). 56. PowerFoot One is an amazing new artificial ankle. It uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more natural. 57. We can learn that we should never give up in the face of difficulties and keep working hard to achieve our goals. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Hugh Herr在攀岩时发生意外，失去双腿，后来他学习机械工程，并最终戴上了自己设计并制造的人造腿的故事。 【53题详解】 根据“At the age of 17, Hugh Herr had a rock climbing accident. He became lost on Mount Washington, U.S. The weather was terrible, and for four days, he waited for help in the snow and ice without any equipment or any food. When people arrived, Hugh couldn’t feel his legs. He spent two months in the hospital and finally lost both legs at the knee.”可知，Hugh在17岁时发生事故，并最终失去了双腿。故填Yes, he did. 【54题详解】 根据“Doctors gave him two artificial (人造的) legs, but they were painful, and he couldn’t continue rock climbing.”可知，医生提供的假肢让他感到疼痛，无法在攀岩所以他不喜欢。故填Because they were painful. 【55题详解】 根据“He decided to study mechanical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).”可知，他在麻省理工学院学习机械工程。故填At Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). 【56题详解】 根据“an amazing new artificial ankle (脚踝) called PowerFoot One. PowerFoot One uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more natural.”可知，PowerFoot One是一种人造脚踝，使用可充电电池和弹簧，让人走路更自然，也能让使用者真正感受到行走的感觉。故填PowerFoot One is an amazing new artificial ankle. It uses a rechargeable battery and springs to make walking easier and more natural. 【57题详解】 开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为We can learn that we should never give up in the face of difficulties and keep working hard to achieve our goals. Ⅶ. Writing（作文）（共14分） 58. Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic “Happy Little Surprises”（请以“生活中的小惊喜”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。） （注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Happy Little Surprises In our daily lives, there are always some little surprises that bring us joy. One day, I was feeling a bit down because of a difficult test. When I got home, I found a beautiful flower on my desk. It was from my mom. She noticed my sadness and wanted to cheer me up. The colorful flower and the kind thought behind it made me feel much better. Another time, I lost my favorite pen and thought I’d never find it. But a few days later, while I was cleaning my room, I found it under the bed. It was such a pleasant surprise! These little things may seem small, but they have the power to make our days brighter and remind us that there’s always something good waiting around the corner. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③提示：围绕标题写出具体的“小惊喜”及一些感受。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题； 第二步，根据提示信息讲述我与父母发生的矛盾以及解决办法； 第三步，提出一些如何与父母相处的建议。 [亮点词汇] ①feel down情绪低落 ②get home到家 ③cheer up使某人高兴起来 ④around the corner即将来临 [高分句型] ①When I got home, I found a beautiful flower on my desk. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②But a few days later, while I was cleaning my room, I found it under the bed. 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