第二节 (一)阅读理解之基础阅读-【中考宝典】2025年中考英语（深圳专用版）

null第三部分中考题型专项训练 加 第二节 阅读理解 (一)阅读理解之基础阅读 思维导图引领 跳读查找法 排除法 事实细节 解题方法 列举信息 简单计算法 构词法 同（反）义词 通读全文 词义猜测 上下文 辨析题意 解题步骤 阅读理解】 考查形式 标点特号 认真复查 具体信息 利用生活常识 猜词 浅层理解 推理判断 利用逻辑关系指代 理解结构 “开门见山” 推理判断 考查内客 “藏头露尾” 作者态度观点 深层理解 主旨大意 “首尾呼应” “抛砖引玉” 主旨要义 “卧虎藏龙” 三年考情·探规律 【三年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 记叙文 本文讲述了Hunter Adam这位著名的医生的人生经历和事迹。 1.本文作者通过科学家10年对金枪鱼的研究数据，向读者说明由 2024年 于人们对鱼类需求的增加，造成了海洋生态系统的破坏，呼吁人 说明文 们保护海洋中的野生动物。 2.本文介绍了中国的一部电视剧《我的阿勒泰》在国内外的热播情 况，以及观众和导演对该剧的评价。 本文讲述了主角和他妈妈住在森林旁边，森林里可以散步，采摘浆 果，然后他妈妈换工作了，他搬到一个新的地方。那个地方没有森 记叙文 林，主角很沮丧，但是那里遇到了一个奶奶，她家里有很多用小盆栽 栽的那种小树苗，看起来像森林一样，主角很震撼。这个奶奶就送 2023年 了她两盆小树苗。 有一个叫丁立人的人下棋很厉害，在世界锦标赛上得了冠军，本文 新闻报道 介绍了他下棋的生涯史，激励更多人在下棋这个领域大展宏图。 本文介绍了holiday movie,根据一个研究说这个虽然不现实，但是会 说明文 让人的大脑产生一种非常放松的状态。 记叙文 本文作者从烘焙这件事上学会了慢慢享受生活。 2022年 1.本文主要介绍了赣深高速铁路的建成以及带来的好处。 说明文 2.本文主要科普了关于世界上“最美丽的河流”的知识。 237 了中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 典例精析·真题回望 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A (2024.)When he was a teenager,Hunter Adams was very unhappy and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental(精神的)health problems. When he left the hospital,Adams decided to become a doctor,so he went to a medical school in Virginia,the USA.But when he was there,he did things in a different way.For example,he didn't like the doctors'white coats,so he wore shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients and he tried to make them laugh.The doctors at the medical school didn't like Adams because he was too different. But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine.He saw unhappy and lonely people,and he tried to help them.He spent a lot of time with children in hospital and often dressed up like a clown to make the children laugh.When he finished medical school and became a doctor,Adams opened his own hospital,called"The Gesundheit Institute",together with some other doctors.They wanted it to be a place with a different way of working with sick people. Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s,and in 1998,Universal Pictures made a film about his life.It was very successful.In the film (called Patch Adams),Robin Williams played Adams.Williams said,"Adams is a really warm person,who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend.I enjoyed playing him.” C )1.When did Adams have mental health problems? A.After he left medical school. B.During the 1980s. C.When he was a teenage boy. D.After the film came out. 【解析】【主旨大意】本文讲述了Hunter Adam这位著名的医生的人生经历和事迹。 细节理解题。根据第一段“When he was a teenager,..he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems.”可知，Hunter Adams在青少年时期患上了精神疾病。故选C。 D )2.Why did the doctors at the medical school dislike Adams? A.Because he was a warm person. B.Because he had mental health problems. C.Because he was a clown. D.Because he wasn't the same as others. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The doctors at the medical school didn't like Adams because he was :too different..”可知，因为Hunter Adams的一些做法不同于其他人，所以医院的医生不喜欢他。故选D。 (A )3.The Gesundheit Institute A.was a hospital B.belonged to Universal Pictures C.could make films D.was a medical school 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Adams opened his own hospital,called‘The Gesundheit Institute',”可知，Gesundheit Institute是一家医院。故选Ao 238 第三部分中考题型专项训练口 B )4.According to the passage,which statement is NOT true? A.Adams wore shirts instead of white uniforms when visiting patients. B.Robin Williams believed that patients need a doctor who is a friend. C.In Adams'opinion,not only medicine was needed for patients. D.Robin Williams was an actor. 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Robin Williams played Adams.Williams said,‘Adams is a really warm person,who believes that patients need a doctor who is a friend.I enjoyed playing him.'" 知，Robin Williams认为病人需要的是朋友般的医生。故选B。 D )5.The passage mainly tells us about A.how to cheer up patients B.people with mental health problems C.a film about Adams D.a doctor named Hunter Adams 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个名叫Hunter Adams的医生，他的人生经历 以及事迹。故选D。 B (2024.)After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world's oceans,scientists have made a very surprising discovery:These fish are almost gone.Because of too much fishing,almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish-the ones we usually eat-has disappeared.If we don't act, these animals will totally disappear.That will influence every animal in the ocean. The demand for fish is growing.Almost a billion people around the world get their protein ( mostly from fish.Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat.But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans..“People are consuming(消费)too much,”says Lance Morgan,a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute. A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal's life.When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem(生态系统)，the ocean's food chain(链)breaks down.Animals such as sharks,which normally eat tuna,may die because they find no food. The news may be scary,but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn't happened yet.World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much.The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment. "If you care about wildlife,first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,says Morgan. “Then decide what you're going to eat..” A )6.How does the writer start the text? A.By giving a fact. B.By asking a question. C.By telling a story. D.By using a saying. 239 了中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 【解析】【主旨大意】本文作者通过科学家10年对金枪鱼的研究数据，向读者说明由于人们对鱼类需 求的增加，造成了海洋生态系统的破坏，呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。 推理判断题。根据“After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world's oceans, scientists have made a ver叮y surprising discovery,”可知，作者根据科学家研究发现事实引入本文内容。 故选A。 C )7.What does the underlined word "demand"in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Wish. B.Support. C.Need. D.Price. 【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子后面内容“Almost a billion people around the world get their protein mostly from fish.Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat..”可知，很多人从鱼肉中获取蛋 白质，医生也称赞海洋食物低脂肪，推测出因此造成了对鱼类需求的增加。因此，demand意为“需 求”，与need同义。故选C。 C )8.From Paragraph 3,we know that A.if sharks die out,tuna will die out soon B.tuna will be more popular in restaurants C.tuna plays an important role in the ecosystem D.tuna disappeared because they found no food 【解析】推理判断题。根据“When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem,the ocean's food chain breaks down.”可知，金枪鱼在生态系统中起着重要作用。故选C。 B )9.What's the purpose of the text? A.To tell people to stop polluting our oceans. B.To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C.To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D.To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life. 【解析】推理判断题。根据“If we don't act,these animals will totally disappear..”和“If you care about wildlife,first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs”可知，作者通过本文想要呼吁人们 保护海洋中的野生动物。故选B。 C )10.What does the last paragraph of the article explain? A.We need to care about wildlife. B.We need to eat wild animals. C.We need to reflect on our own values and beliefs. D.We don't want to protect wild animals. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“‘If you care about wildlife,first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,'says Morgan..‘Then decide what you're going to eat.,”可知，作者在最后一段表明了我们 需要反思我们自己的价值观和信仰。故选C。 240 第三部分中考题型专项训练 © A recent TV series To the Wonder has become China's breakout TV hit of the year.It has also won praise at a film festival abroad.To the Wonder is based on the award-winning novel of Li Juan,My Altay,and is directed by Teng Congcong.It is very poetic and filled with beautiful wisdom. The TV drama follows the journey of Li Wenxiu.She once wished to leave Altay,an area in Northern Xinjiang.After failing to realize her dream in the capital of Xinjiang,Li has to move back to her hometown and tries to find a new direction for herself.At first,Li finds it hard to understand her neighbours'traditional way of thinking.Under the influence of her mother Zhang Fengxia,Li starts to see the place and its people in a new light.Later,she comes to understand their lifestyle and respect for nature. Fans describe watching the drama as an experience in the wonderland."It's like breathing in fresh air or lying under the sun,"said one fan."It is a unique drama,very different from the usual Chinese series.A must-watch if you want to discover the beauty of the grassland and life there,"another fan said. "People enjoy the wonderful view of Altay.But the key to the success of the series lies in its ability to connect with the viewers on a human level,said Teng Congcong."In the drama,everyone communicates sincerely.Even if I disagree with you,I sincerely respect you.In fact,this is a very important part of human nature-the love for truth,goodness and beauty." C )11.To the Wonder is the name of A.a foreign drama B.a famous film C.a TV series D.a beautiful poem :【解析】【主旨大意】本文介绍了中国的一部电视剧《我的阿勒泰》在国内外的热播情况，以及观众和导 演对该剧的评价。 细节理解题。根据“A recent TV series To the Wonder has become China's breakout TV hit of the year..”可 知，《我的阿勒泰》是一部电视剧。故选C。 B )12.Why does Li Wenxiu come back to Altay? A.To look after her mother. B.To find herself a new direction. C.To help the local people. D.To enjoy its beautiful view. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“After failing to realize her dream in the capital of Xinjiang,Li has to move back to her hometown and tries to find a new direction for herself..”可知，李文秀回到阿勒泰是为了寻找 新的方向。故选B。 (C )13.The underlined word "unique"has the closest meaning to A.serious B.common C.special D.strange 【解析】词句猜测题。根据画线的下文“very different from the usual Chinese series”可知，这部剧与一般 的中国剧集非常不同，所以“unique'”应该是“特别的”意思。故选C。 241 了中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） D )14.What is the key to the success of To the Wonder according to Director Teng? A.Its sincere respect for nature. B.The beautiful wisdom of the writer. C.The lifestyle of the local people. D.Its sincere connection with viewers. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“But the key to the success of the series lies in its ability to connect with the viewers on a human level...”可知，导演认为该剧成功的关键在于其能够在人性层面与观众建立联系。 故选D。 C )15.What is the purpose of the text? A.Everyone communicates sincerely. B.Life requires believing in miracles. C.A love for truth,goodness,and beauty. D.Sincerely respect you. 【解析】主旨大意题。根据“In fact,this is a very important part of human nature-一the love for truth, goodness and beauty.”及全文可知，《我的阿勒泰》这部剧中的每个人都真减地交流，这是人性中非常 重要的一部分一对真、善、美的爱。故本文的目的是为了表达“对真、善、美的热爱”。故选C。 即时训练 第一组 (2020·深圳改编)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Good news for art lovers!We have collected some information about the exhibitions put on in Shenzhen this summer. Frank Yang's Artworks Contemporary Art An exhibition showing late master Frank Yang's Chinese artists Wang Dawei and Li Xiao are old photos,letters,videos and landscape paintings is holding their exhibitions,featuring contemporary being held.Entry is free. sound art and video art.Entry is free. Dates:Until July 26. Dates:Until August 18. Venue:Guan Shanyue Art Museum,6026 Hongli Venue:OCAT Shenzhen,South Area,OCT-LOFT, Road,Futian District. Nanshan District. Metro:Line 3 or 4 to Children's Palace Station,Exit B.Metro:Line 1 to Qiaocheng East Station,Exit A. 242 第三部分中考题型专项训练 (续表) Future Art Cassie Chen's Photos Chinese artist Sun Fangping is exhibiting his Cassie Chen,a graduate of Tsinghua University, works.Organizers hope that this series of exhibitions is exhibiting her photographic works in Shenzhen. will explore the direction and value of the future of Visitors can find photos on different themes.Entry is art. free. Dates:Until August 31. Dates:Until July 30. Venue:Zhi Art Museum,Song'an Road,Bao'an Venue:TC101 Exhibition Hall,2001 Longxiang District. Boulevard,Longgang District. Metro:Line 11 to Houting Station,Exit A and then Metro:Line 3 to University Station,Exit C. take a taxi. )1.Where did the exhibitions put on? A.In Shenzhen. B.In Beijing. C.In the USA. D.In Jiangsu ( )2.Which line can you take to enjoy Cassie Chen's Photos? A.Line 11. B.Line 4. C.Line 3. D.Line 1. ( )3.In which district can you visit Future Art? A.Nanshan District. B.Futian District. C.Longgang District. D.Bao'an District. ( )4.Which exhibitions can you choose if you are free on August 15? A.Contemporary Art and Future Art. B.Cassie Chen's Photos and Future Art. C.Contemporary Art and Frank Yang's Artworks D.Frank Yang's Artworks and Cassie Chen's Photos. )5.Where is the text probably taken from? A.A novel. B.A storybook. C.A newspaper. D.A science magazine. B “Miss Smith！What rough(粗t的)hands Mary Jessup has!”said Daisy Marvin,as she walked home from school with her teacher. "In my opinion,Daisy,Mary's hands are the prettiest in our class." "Why?Miss Smith,they are as red and hard as they can be.How they would look if she tried to play on a piano!”Daisy said. Miss Smith took Daisy's hands in hers,and said,"Your hands are very soft and white,just the hands to look beautiful on a piano;yet they don't have one beauty that Mary's hands do.Shall I tell you what the difference is?” "Yes,please,Miss Smith."Daisy looked at Miss Smith,with eyes wide open. 243 了中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） "Well,Daisy,Mary's hands are very busy.They wash dishes;they make fires;they hang out clothes, and help to wash them,too;they are always trying to help her poor,hard-working mother." Miss Smith continued,"Besides,they wash and dress the children;they mend their toys and dress their dolls;yet,they find time to bathe the head of the little girl who is so sick in the next house to theirs. "They do good deeds (to every living thing.I have seen them patting the tired horse and the homeless dog in the street.They are always ready to help those who need help. "I shall never think Mary's hands are ugly any more,Miss Smith,"Daisy said that with tears in eyes."I am glad to hear you say that,Daisy;and I must tell you that they are beautiful because they help others gladly and cheerfully. "Oh,Miss Smith!I feel so ashamed of myself and so sorry,"said Daisy,looking into her teacher's face with shining eyes."My dear,beauty doesn't lie in how one looks but what he does. ()6.Daisy's and Mary's hands are A.the same B.hard C.different D.soft )7.What did Daisy think of Mary's hands at first? A.Warm. B.Ugly. C.Dirty. D.Soft. )8.What is beauty in Miss Smith's opinion? A.Being patient. B.Being good-looking. C.Being helpful. D.Being hard-working. ( )9.What can we infer(推断)from the passage? A.Mary's mother was lazy. B.Mary lived a comfortable life. C.Miss Smith disliked Daisy. D.Daisy understood beauty better. )10.What is the best title for the passage? A.Busy Days B.Cheerful Tears C.Shining Eyes D.Beautiful Hands © When Chinese people talk about Chinese tea culture today,they won't miss an important person in Chinese history-Lu Yu,respected as a "Sage of Tea ()"for his achievements in the Chinese tea culture.He is best-known for The Classic of Tea,the first work on growing,making and drinking tea. Lu was born in Jingling in 733 AD.As a child,he became a student of Zou Fuzi.Thanks to his teacher's guidance,he learnt a lot.He often made tea for his teacher.He also took care of his fellow students'health using his knowledge on tea and herbs(草药)， Lu Yu often went to the countryside to gather tea leaves and herbs.On one of those trips,Lu Yu found a spring.The water was quite clear and clean.When Lu made tea with this spring water,he found the tea tasted better than usual.From then on,he realized the importance of water quality in making tea. In 752 AD,Lu Yu finished his studies and returned to Jingling,where he met Cui Guofu.Both men shared the same interests in tea,literature (and poetry.They soon became good friends.Since then, 244 第三部分中考题型专项训练 the two spent much time travelling,drinking tea and writing poems together. This period was important to Lu Yu as a man of literature.Cui,with his rich experience and skills in writing,became a coach of Lu.He provided necessary help with Lu's writing.It was during this time that Lu finally wrote the amazing work,The Classic of Tea. )11.When was Lu Yu born? A.In 733 AD. B.1n752AD. C.In 740 AD. D.In 752 BC. )12.What is Lu famous for? A.Having wisdom. B.Respecting teachers. C.Caring for friends. D.Influencing tea culture. ( )13.What does the underlined word "guidance"in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Help. B.Stress. C.Protection. D.Control. ()14.Why did Lu and Cui become good friends? A.They had the same hobbies. B.They lived in the same place. C.They spent much time together. D.They had the same experiences. )15.Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage? DLu Yu wrote The Classic of Tea. 2Lu Yu became a student of Zou Fuzi. 3Lu Yu made friends with Cui Guofu. 4Lu Yu found water quality was important. A.②③①④ B.②④③① C.④①③② D.④②③① 第二组 A At 9 o'clock on December 10th,2021,with the sound of a whistle ()train G2197 slowly ran out of Ganzhou West Station and headed south to Shenzhen North Station.This marked the opening of the Ganzhou- Shenzhen high-speed railway,which includes 14 stations,with a total length of 436 kilometres.The total travel time between the two cities has been cut from 6 hours to 2 hours. The building of the Ganshen high-speed railway was filled with challenges.As the railway travels through the mountainous areas of southern Jiangxi and northern Guangdong,workers had to be careful with many cultural landscapes (and protection areas.When it was completed,323 bridges and 157 tunnels )were built,taking up 90%of the total length. By taking the new route,it is convenient for passengers to visit the beautiful places along the line.For example,you can walk into the Shenzhen Museum to review the city's development,go to Heyuan to experience the amazing Wanly Lake,or explore the ancient Tongtian Rock Caves in Ganzhou. Ganzhou is known as the "Orange Capital of the World".With the high-speed railway's operation,more travellers from Guangdong have arrived and Ganzhou oranges are getting more popular. "It used to take me six hours to drive home on Fridays,but now I can get home in time to pick up my child from school.What's more,I can even drop him off at school on Monday mornings before I go to work," 245 了中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） said Chen Yu,a Ganzhou local who works in Shenzhen. Chen's life is a typical one that has changed with the railway.More and more wonderful changes along the high-speed railway are taking place. ( )1.How many hours can we save from Ganzhou to Shenzhen by G2197? A.2. B.4. C.6. D.8. ( )2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A.The tunnels cover 90%of the railway. B.It was very difficult to build the railway. C.157 bridges were built along the railway.D.The railway passes through northern Jiangxi. )3.What is the purpose of Paragraph 3? A.To introduce places of interest. B.To share travelling experiences. C.To review the history of Ganzhou. D.To celebrate the success of Shenzhen. ()4.What do we know about Chen Yu? A.He is an orange farmer. B.He is a local in Shenzhen. C.His child lives in Ganzhou. D.His working place has changed. )5.What kind of text is this? A.A short story. B.A travel diary. C.A train timetable. D.A news report. B I took up baking (when I was twelve.At that time I was working on my school bakery project with my classmates.I tried a few times,but I wasn't very successful.My parents advised I learn from my grandmother,who later gave me her recipe and instruction as well.After two years'practice,I was able to make delicious bread.I have come to realize making bread means a lot to me although it takes a long time. To make bread,others usually use quick-rise yeast ()but I don't.Every Saturday morning,after mixing proper amount of water with flour,sugar,etc.,I take time to wait for the dough to rise.This is my way to slow down and smell the roses. Baking does require great patience.In my hands,the dough is slowly growing.It's becoming softer.I can feel the change,which connects me to something quite different from the modern way of living.To me, making bread is a push against our culture of convenience.It certainly takes more time than buying bread from a store,but I enjoy it. I've stuck with my grandmother's recipe without making any change.Now this tradition has continued for years.Sometimes,in order to fit it in,I have to change my schedule.But I have never considered giving it up. By the time my children get home from school,the bread has been baked and cooled.They step into the house and the first thing they do is to take a deep breath of the warm,honeyed air.My bread-baking has also helped them to slow down and understand the value of taking their time and leading an unhurried life. 246