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Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
基础必备 选择性必修第二册
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复盘 必备知识
01
聚焦 层级突破
02
进阶 多维检测
03
培优 提能加餐
04
课时作业
05
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课时作业
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词块背诵
1.the top priority当务之急,重中之重
2.the daily routine日常工作
3.combat crime防止犯罪
4.make a full recovery完全康复
5.compensate for补偿/弥补(损失)
6.step into one's shoes接替某人(的工作/职位)
7.against racial discrimination反对种族歧视
8.culture shock文化冲击
佳句赏析
1.Cultural exchange is a way of building bridges between countries and the main drive for humankind's progress.
文化交流是各国之间建立联系的纽带,也是人类进步的主要动力。
2.The exchange students act as cultural messengers,from whom people can learn about other countries.
交换生是文化使者,通过他们人们可以了解其他国家。
3.It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
那是夏天,我爸爸想请我去度假,这是前所未有的。他决定带我去西部荒野旅行。
[Part 1 巧记·课标单词]
写作单词——悉其识
1. boundary 分界线;边界
2. statistic n. 统计数据
3. tackle v. 处理;对付
4. vital adj. 极其重要的
5. comrade n. 同志;朋友
6. tragic adj. 悲惨的,不幸的
7. combat v. 防止,抑制
8. clinic n. 诊所
9. miracle n. 奇迹
10. twin adj. 双胞胎之一的
11. ward n. 病房
12. compensate v. 弥补
13. mankind n. 人类
14. cast v. 选派
15. joint adj. 联合的;共同的
16. rewarding adj. 值得做的
17. mount v. 走上;登上
18. slave n. 奴隶
19. union n. 联邦
20. division n. 分歧;分裂
21. conceive v. 构想;设想
22. liberty n. 自由
23. dedicate v. 致力于;献身于
24. endure v. 持续存在
25. battlefield n. 战场
26. portion n. 一部分
27. altogether adv. 完全
28. detract v. 贬低;破坏
拓展单词——通其用
1. assistance n.帮助;援助→ assist v.援助
2. relief n.安慰;宽慰→ relieve vt.减轻;救济;解除
3. specialist n.专家→ special adj.特别的
4. infectious adj.有传染力的→ infection n.感染
5. reality n.真实;现实;逼真→ realise vt.领悟;了解;实现;实行→ real adj.真的→ realistic adj.现实的;现实主义的
6. minority n.少数民族;极少数adj.少数人的;少数民族的→ minor adj.小的;不很重要的→ majority n.多数(反义词)
7. harmony n.融洽;一致→ harmonious adj.融洽的
8. civil adj.国家的;国内的→ civilian n.平民
9. noble adj.高尚的;崇高的→ nobly adv.高尚地;高贵地
阅读单词——明其义
1.combat v. 防止,抑制
2.outbreak n. 爆发,突然发生
3.vomit n. 呕吐物
4.van n. 小型货车
5.collaborate v. 合作,协作
6.inclusive adj. 包容的;广阔的
7.mutual adj. 共有的;共同的
8.hallow v. 使成为神圣
9.perish v. 死亡
[Part 2 闪记·核心短语]
1. bring forth 使产生,使出现
2. in vain 徒然地;无益地
3. be involved in 参与;卷入
4. at risk 有危险,冒风险
5.end in 以……告终,结果……
6.be caught up in 卷入/被困在……中,对……入迷
7.not to mention 更不用说,且不说
8.call on 呼吁,号召
9.make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事
[Part 3 速记·经典句式]
典型句式
教材原句
1.It is+时间段+since...
It's exactly one month (已经整整一个月了) since the last reported case.
2.be+adj.+to do
When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to see (惊讶地看到) that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
3.as if引导的从句
Nowadays, people all over the world are becoming more and more connected, as if the world were getting smaller (这个世界变得更小)—as if we were living in (我们生活在) a “global village”.
[Part 4 积累·联想拓展]
后缀ance构成的名词大排档
in相关短语大荟萃
①ignore→ignorance 忽视
②guide→guidance 指导
③appear→appearance 出现
④assist→assistance 帮助
⑤annoy→annoyance 烦恼
⑥perform→performance 表演
①in advance 提前
②in charge 负责;主管
③in debt 负债
④in order 井然有序
⑤in return 作为回报
⑥in vain 徒然地;无益地
[核心词汇——逐点清]
1.assist v.协助,帮助
► [教材对接]
(1)It assists people based on need, regardless of which country they are from.
该组织根据需要向人们提供援助,不管他们来自哪个国家。
①eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(assist sb.to do sth.,assist sb.in doing sth.,assist sb.with sth.))帮助某人做某事
②assistance n. 帮助,援助
with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come to one's assistance 来帮助某人
③assistant n. 助手,助理
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants (assist) working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(3)(2021·全国乙卷)I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals .
我喜欢做家务,饭后我总是帮爸妈洗碗。
2.vital adj.至关重要的;生死攸关的
► [教材对接]
(1)But it is vital not to take any chances.
不过,永远都不能心存侥幸。
be vital to/for 对……至关重要的
be of vital importance 至关重要
It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要
It is vital that...(should)do...……是十分重要的
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published, it's vital to submit (submit)a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿).
(3)Understanding history is vital to understanding (understand) ourselves as a people and as a nation.
(4)It is vital that new compulsory ageappropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England (should) help (help) equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.
[能力提升] 一句多译
重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。
(5) What is vital is that we should learn something from failure.(主语从句)
(6) It is vital that we should learn something from failure.(it作形式主语)
3.infectious adj.有传染性的;易传染的;有感染力的
► [教材对接]
(1)My mission was to relieve Emma,a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
我的任务是接替艾玛,她是一位加拿大传染病专家,任期届满。
①infect vt. 感染,传染
②infected adj. 被传染的
③infection n. 传染;感染;影响
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)Laughter is one of the most infectious (infect) expressions of emotion.
(3)They've picked up a really serious infection (infect) from something they've eaten.
(4)He had become infected (infect) with AIDS from an improperly sterilized needle.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)If not dealt with properly, this infectious disease may seriously affect our normal life .
如果处理不当,这种传染病可能会严重影响我们的正常生活。
4.harmonious adj.和睦的,和谐的
► [教材对接]
(1)Rather,it's about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world,so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
相反,它是关于国家和人民共同努力,共同创造一个更加包容和谐的世界,这样我们都可以享受互利。
①harmony n. 和谐;协调
in/out of harmony with 与……协调一致/不协调
②harmonize v. 协调;使和谐
③harmoniously adv. 和睦地
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)The sky and the sea make a harmonious (harmony) picture.
(3)Seeing people of different nationalities live together harmoniously (harmonious) is a real pleasure.
(4)Almost unconsciously she dressed in harmony with this note of simplicity.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Relations with our neighbors are very harmonious at the moment .
我们目前同邻居们的关系十分和谐。
5.work on以……为工作,从事
► [教材对接]
(1)Alfonso,a softspoken Argentinian doctor in his 50s,who had previously worked on Ebola outbreaks in Sierra Leone and Guinea.
阿方索是一位五十多岁的阿根廷医生,说起话来温声细语,曾参与抗击前几次塞拉利昂和几内亚爆发的埃博拉病毒。
work out 计算出
work as 作为……而工作
work at 从事于
out of work 失业
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)However difficult it is,I'll work it out .
(3)After graduation,he worked as a doctor.
(4)After he got a traffic accident,he was out of work.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)This scientist is known to have been working on this problem for about ten years .
人们知道,这位科学家研究这一问题已达十年之久。
6.regardless of不管,不顾
► [教材对接]
(1)It assists people based on need, regardless of which country they are from.
该组织根据需要向人们提供援助,不管他们来自哪个国家。
①in spite of尽管……但是……(后接名词,不接从句)
②with regard to 关于;至于
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)(北京卷)She arrived every day ready to work,ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.
(3) In spite of the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue.
(4)With regard to my favorite Chinese poet,I'd like to introduce Du Fu to you.
[能力提升] 句型转换
(5)No matter how old you are,you can sign up for the match.
→You can sign up for the match regardless of age .
7.influential adj.有很大影响力的,有支配力的
► [教材对接]
(1)Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s.
埃德加·斯诺是一位美国新闻记者,他撰写的有关20世纪30年代的中国的书和文章很有影响力。
influence n. 影响
have (a/an)...influence on/upon...对……有影响
under the influence of... 在……的影响下
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(2)While all types of bags have some influence on/upon the environment, it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder.
(3)It's said that the earliest sculptures were made under the influence of Greek art.
(4)She wanted to work for a bigger and more influential (influence) newspaper.
[能力提升] 完成句子
(5)Chaplin was not just a genius; he was among the most influential figures in film history .
卓别林不仅仅是天才,也是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。
(6) Under the influence of his deskmate , he has made great progress since last week.
在他同桌的影响下,自上周以来他已经取得了很大的进步。
[间考词汇——要知晓]
1.mount v.& n.登上,爬上;逐步增加;……山,……峰
写出下面句子中mount的词性和含义/完成句子
(1)A car suddenly mounted the pavement to avoid a vehicle coming from the opposite direction. vt.开上,走上
(2)Tension here is mounting, as we are waiting for the final result of the job interview. vi.增加
(3)Mount Qomolangma is the world's highest peak. n.……峰
(4)When men are of one heart, they can even remove Mount Tai .
人心齐,泰山移。
2.division n.分歧,分裂;(机构的)部门
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)Though there are some divisions (divide) among us about whether to carry out the project, it doesn't mean that our teamwork is fruitless.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion.
(3) Divisions of opinion among themselves contributed to their defeat.
他们之间的意见分歧导致了他们的失败。
3.be involved in 被卷入……;热衷于
单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)(2022·全国甲卷)The more people are involved (involve), the better the ocean environment is.
(2)We all need to get involved in saving energy whether it's at work, at home, or at school.
(3) More than one province was involved in pairing assistance to support Hubei Province.
不止一个省参与了对口支援湖北的活动。
4.call on呼吁,号召
选词填空
call up,call on,call off,call for
(1)(全国Ⅱ卷)The instructors called for an ambulance.
(2)Everyone was silent,waiting to see who would be called on to read his or her paragraph aloud.
(3)The picnic was called off because of the rain.
(4)These pictures call up memories of those beautiful days when I stayed in Hainan during the summer holiday.
It's exactly one month since the last reported case.
距上次报告病例已经过去整整一个月了。
本句是“It is+时间段+since...”句式。
①此结构为“It+be+时间段+since...”句型,意为“自从……已有多长时间了”。
②主句中若be为is/has been,since从句用一般过去时。
[基础练通] 单句语法填空
(1)(全国Ⅲ卷)I have had (have) many dreams since I was a child.
(2)(2024·1月浙江卷)As it has been many years since I last used (use) one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house.
(3)It's been years since they were dusty little rooms with books.
since引导的从句中的动词常用非延续性动词,表示“自从……多久了”;若since引导的从句中的动词为延续性动词,则表示“自从该动作结束以来已有多久了”。
[能力提升] 句型转换
(4)I have been studying in this school for half a year.
→ It is/has been half a year since I began to study in this school.(since)
[全练透]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.How to carry out teaching in smallsized classes is a difficult problem to tackle (处理) in such village schools.
2.I'd like to thank all who clearly show their devotion (奉献) to the work.
3.Under his influence, I decided to devote myself to a rewarding (值得做的) career, a teacher.
4.It is a great joy for children to have a harmonious (和谐的) family, where the parents treat their children like a friend.
5.He retired from the army and has since been living a civilian (平民的) life in his hometown.
6.In the 1860s, the black in America were fighting for their liberty (自由) and equality.
Ⅱ.语境填空
1.If Mr. Dewey had been present, he would have offered any possible assistance (assist) to the people there.
2.As we know,nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health.
3. Following (follow) the teacher's suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.
4.Enough sleep is vital for/to the students' wellbeing and health.
5.Only if you devote yourself (you) to your studies can you pass the test.
6.We can do everything we could to help (help) the people in need.
7.Those who suffer from headache will find they get relief (relieve) from this medicine.
8.Their harmonious (harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.
9.She nobly (noble) did my work as well as hers while I was ill.
10.The division (divide) between the prosperous (繁荣的) west and the impoverished east remains.
Ⅲ.选词填空
bring forth, in vain, not to mention, make an effort to, end in, call on
1.With his efforts and careful planning, his project ended in a total success.
2.Pollution has a negative effect on the health of everyone living in the city, not to mention the damage to the environment.
3.The local government called on people to protect the environment, and live in harmony with nature.
4.What's the point of helping him if he doesn't make an effort to help himself?
5.Do not let your mountain in labour bring forth a mouse.
6.He shouted after them, trying to attract their attention, but in vain .
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.与会人员都赞同采取有效措施预防感染极为重要。
Everyone at the meeting agreed that it is vital to take effective measures to prevent infection .
2.自从我建了自己的菜园种菜吃已经很多年了。
It is/has been many years since I built my own garden to eat homegrown vegetables.
3.得知那个小女孩这么小的年纪就已经读了很多书我很吃惊。
I was surprised to find that the little girl had read dozens of books at such a young age.
4.护士们对待那个在地震中失去双亲的孩子就像对待她们自己的孩子一样。
The nurses treat the child who has lost his parents in the earthquake as if he were their own child .
5.很显然那个孩子受过严重的虐待。
It was obvious that the child had been badly treated.
[重落实]
Ⅰ.单元巩固练
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。
When seeing the tragic scenes on the news, I felt 1. it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.As we know, there are no borders for doctors, patients or anyone else 2. involved (involve) in combating this terrible disease.
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago 3. to relieve (relieve) Emma, a Canadian specialist in 4. infectious (infect) diseases at the end of her posting.Here I met other medical staff members from different parts of the world.Among them, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose 5. devotion (devote) shone from their eyes.We have worked together, surrounded by blood, vomit and death, 6. but we won't give up on a patient and sometimes our efforts do end 7. in miracles.
To be caught up in such a crisis 8. creates (create) powerful bonds not only between carers and patients, but also between all those 9. who have joined together in a common cause.In a world still 10. facing (face)so many problems, it's absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
Ⅱ.话题微写作(邮件)
假定你是李华,上周五参加了外教Kevin做的关于各国音乐的讲座。请你给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.你的收获;
2.你的感想。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.尽量用本单元知识点;
3.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Kevin,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[参考范文]
Dear Kevin,
Hope this email finds you well. I'm writing to express my gratitude for your fascinating lecture on music last Friday. It was truly an enlightening experience!
My biggest takeaway is how music reflects cultural identities-though a universal language, music embodies great diversity, from the unique rhythms of African drumming to the melodious tune of Chinese Guzheng. Your passion also inspires me to explore more of the world's music and impresses on me the power music holds in connecting people across borders.
Thanks again and I'm looking forward to attending more of your lectures and learning from your expertise.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(28)——动作描写“眼(eye)”(二)
●[多样表达]
1.keep an eye on注视
2.look sb.straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛
3.narrow one's eyes眯起眼睛
4.turn one's eyes to转向
5.shut one's eyes闭上眼睛
6.squeeze one's eyes shut紧紧闭上双眼
7.fix one's eyes on目光紧盯
8.hungry eyes on饥饿的目光,盯着……
●[佳句观摩]
1.安妮的父亲眯起眼睛,思忖着发生了什么事。
Anne's father narrowed his eyes,wondering what had happened.
2.听到门把手转动的声音,他向门那边看去。
He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning.
3.看到安妮进来,她父亲困惑地上下打量着她。(形容词作状语)
Eyeing Anne come in,her father eyed her up and down,confused.
●[好句仿写]
1.她蓝色的眼睛里噙满泪水,却留意着她父亲的神情。
Her blue eyes were full of tears,but she kept an eye on her father's expression .
2.安妮直视父亲的眼睛,告诉了他真相。
Anne looked her father straight in the eye and told him the truth.
3.得知真相后他紧紧闭上双眼,咬了咬嘴唇,泪水滑下脸颊。
When he learned the truth,he shut his eyes tightly and bit his lip .Tears ran down his cheeks.
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.Don't forget to bring your sports tackle with you tomorrow. n.用具
2.At seven o'clock, the night nurse came in to relieve her. v.换岗
3.The less time I have to spend being civil to him the better. adj.有礼貌的,客气的
二、一词多义——根据语境选出cast的含义
A.投射 B.使人怀疑,造谣中伤
C.投,掷 D.选派
1.This latest evidence casts serious doubt on his version of events. B
2.The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains. A
3.The priceless treasures had been cast into the Nile. C
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养——Topic:世界历史的局限性
◆真题文本
(2023·全国乙卷)If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的)societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can't. The clearest example of this between literate and nonliterate history is perhaps the first conflict,at Botany Bay,between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield(盾) dropped by a man in fight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made:a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact(联系) between literate and nonliterate societies such as these, all our firsthand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation , we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.
◆真题再做
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A.How past events should be presented.
B.What humanity is concerned about.
C.Whether facts speak louder than words.
D.Why written language is reliable.
2.What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in Paragraph 2?
A.His report was significant.
B.He represented the local people.
C.He ruled over Botany Bay.
D.His record was onesided.
3.What does the underlined word “conversation” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Problem. B.History.
C.Voice. D.Society.
4.Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?
A.How Maps Tell Stories of the World
B.A Short History of Australia
C.A History of the World in 100 Objects
D.How Art Works Tell Stories
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史的局限性,并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以便更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。
1.A [主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有
文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things. (‘如果你想讲述整个世界的历史,一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史,你不能仅仅通过文字来讲述,因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过,而世界上大多数人,在大多数时间里,都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一,直到最近,甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字,而且用实物来记录他们需要的事情。’)”可推知,第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。]
2.D [推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can't.(理想情况下,历史应该将文字和实物结合在一起,这本(历史)书的某些章节能够做到这一点,但在许多情况下,我们根本做不到。)”可推断,作者认为历史应该是文字和实物相结合的产物,但是很多情况下,我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾)
dropped by a man in fight after his first experience of gunshot.(在英国方面,我们有科学报告和库克船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看,我们只有一个木制盾牌,这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在战斗中扔下的。)”可知,作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的,只从自己的角度描述了问题。]
3.B [词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and nonliterate societies such as these, all our firsthand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue.(加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人,所有这些人都出现在这本书中,
他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就:通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个声音。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文字社会和无文字社会之间的接触时,我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的,只有对话的一半。)”结合划线句“If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半,我们不仅要读文字,还要读物体。)”可知,我们对过去历史的了解,只是书写历史的人想要让我们了解的历史,如果我们想要了解历史的另一半,我们不仅仅要读文字也要读物体。所以conversation指的是“历史”。]
4.C [推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史,一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史,你不能仅仅通过文字来讲述,因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过,而世界上大多数人,在大多数时间里,都没有。)”结合最后一段的“If we are
to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just the texts, but the objects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半,我们不仅要读文字,还要读物体。)”可知,本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文字来讲述世界历史有局限性,想要更好的了解历史就要将文字和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件实物中的世界历史》。]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.the history of the whole world 世界历史
2.humanity's later achievement 人类后来的成就
3.texts and objects 文本和物体
4.literate and nonliterate history 有文字和无文字的历史
5.in addition to 除了……还有
6.firsthand accounts 一手的叙述
7.in many cases 在很多情况下
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.privilege v. 给予特权
2.fairly adv. 相当地
3.conflict n. 冲突
4.reconstruct v. 重现, 使再现
5.interpret v. 解释
6.miscomprehension n. 误解
7.twist v. 扭曲
8.gunshot n. 炮击
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义代表的字母填到横线上)
object
A.物体 B.宾语 C.客观 D.反对
①If it is a transitive verb, what is its object? B
②When a large object impacts the Earth, it makes a crater. A
③I objected that he was too young for the job. D
◆长句缩写
If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not.
[句式剖析] 请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉,留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。
(If you want to tell the history of the whole world), (a history)(that does not privilege one part of humanity), you cannot do it through texts alone,[(because only some of the world has ever had texts), while(most of the world,(for most of the time), has not)].
[句子缩写] You cannot do it. (不超过10个单词)
$$