选择性必修第二册 UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS-【创新教程】2026年高考英语总复习大一轮课件PPT（人教版）

2025-07-10

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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 基础必备选择性必修第二册主题语境人与社会——科学家精神下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语进阶多维检测培优提能加餐 02 03 课时作业 04 聚焦层级突破 01 基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语聚焦层级突破下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语进阶多维检测下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语培优提能加餐下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语课时作业点击进入WORD链接下一页上一页返回导航基础必备选择性必修第二册高考总复习英语话题词块 1.be enthusiastic about...对……有热情 2.have a gift/talent for对……有天赋 3.make great contributions to对……作出巨大贡献 4.devote oneself to致力于；献身于 5.make a difference有影响；有重要作用 6.play an important role in...在……方面重要作用 7.do/carry out the research做研究 8.a person of great determination 意志坚强的人 9.achieve one's goal 实现目标 10.face difficulties bravely 勇敢面对困难话题佳句 1.When facing failure, he always reflects on himself and tries to find solutions. 面对失败，他总是反思自己，并尽力寻求方法。 2.The scientist, aware of the shortage of food in the world, devoted himself to the research of agriculture. 意识到世界粮食的短缺，这位科学家致力于农业研究。 3.What is important should be put in the first place and one should be wellorganized. 重要的事情应置于前位，一个人应做事有序。 [核心词汇——逐点清] 1．blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n.指责；责备 (1)blame sb.for(doing) sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事 blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame(for)应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备 (2)lay/put the blame on把……归咎于…… take/bear the blame for 承担……责任 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①The boss didn't blame his assistant 　for　 the mistake，which was beyond expectations. ②(2023·北京卷)These biased perspectives cannot be blamed 　on　 one single cause. ③It was the professor rather than his assistant that was 　to blame　(blame) for what had happened in the lab. [金句]——句式升级 ④(情绪描写)Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network. →　Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network　，Alice was in low spirits.(分词作状语) 2．decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 (1)decrease by减少了 decrease(from...) to(从……)减少到 decrease in在某方面下降 (2)on the decrease在下降；在减少 (3)increase n．&v. 增加；增长 [练通]——用适当的介词填空 ①To our disappointment, varieties of birds in the forest are 　on　 the decrease. ②Population growth is decreasing　 by 　1.4% each year. ③The number of employees has already decreased 　to 　twenty after the manager laid off them. ④There has been a modest decrease　 in　 house prices this year. [金句]——一句多译由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。 ⑤Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals 　is on the decrease　.(decrease n．) ⑥Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals 　is decreasing　.(decrease v．) 3．defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 (1)defend...from/against保护……以免受 defend oneself为自己辩护；自卫 (2)defence n．防御；保卫 in defence(of)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护 in one's defence为某人辩护 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①They help the body defend itself 　against/from　 some kinds of infections. ②Some people may defend themselves 　by　 saying that snake meat is nutritious. ③Mr.Green stood up in 　defence　(defend)of the 16yearold boy, saying that he was not the one to blame. ④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If he seems a little 　defensive　 (defend), it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. [金句]——读后续写之肢体动作描写 ⑤看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。 →Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed 　to defend　 his son like an arrow.(defend) →Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed 　in defence of　 his son like an arrow.(defence) 4．break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 break down出故障；(身体)垮掉；(谈判)失败；消除(隔阂) break in强行进入(不及物)；打断，扰乱 break into强行闯入(及物)；突然开始(唱、笑等) break through有新的重大发现；突破 break up(团体)解散；(关系)破裂；(学校)期终放假 break away (from)突然挣脱；脱离 [练通]——完成句子 ①I was still sleeping when　 the fire broke out　 (火灾爆发)，and then it spread quickly. ②He 　broke into my house　 (闯进我家)and stole my money. ③Once you join them，you can never 　break away from them　 (脱离他们)． ④If you go on working like that，you will　 break down sooner or later　 (迟早你会累垮的)． 5．in charge of 主管；掌管 (1)in the charge of由……来负责；被……掌管 take charge of负责/看管(表动作) free of charge免费 (2)charge(sb.)for sth.为……要价 charge sb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(做)某事 [练通]——完成句子 ①I'm going to visit the museum which 　doesn't charge for admission　 (不收门票) tomorrow morning. ②You can take as many as you like，because they 　are free of charge　(免费)． ③He 　was charged with murder　(被指控谋杀)and sentenced to death. [金句]——一句多译下周厂长不在时，我将负责整个工厂。 ④I'll be　 in charge of the whole factory　 next week when the manager is away. ⑤I'll　 take charge of the whole factory　 next week when the manager is away. ⑥The whole factory will be 　in the charge of me 　next week when the manager is away. 6．above all最重要的是；尤其是 after all　　　　毕竟；终究 in all 全部；合计 first of all 首先 at all(否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟 [练通]——用all的相关短语填空 ①If you want to achieve success，　above all　，you must be strict with yourself. ②I was very upset to find out that he didn't like my gift 　at all　. ③The little girl was anxious and began to tremble.　After all　，it was the first time that she had been on the stage. [金句]——应用文之邀请信 ④　All in all　，I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself. 总之，我真诚地邀请你到我们学校来亲自看看。 7．come down with 患(病)；染上(小病) come across 　　　　(偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解 come about 发生(无被动形式) come on 加油；到来；得了吧 come out 出版；结果是；(花)开放 come up 走近；上来；被提出 come up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等) when it comes to... 当谈及…… [练通]——用come的相关短语填空 ①Above all, tell me how the accident 　came about　 immediately. ②My assistant's first novel 　came out　， which made me proud of him. ③(建议信)　When it comes to　 English learning, I have the following practical suggestions to share. Firstly, when you 　come across　 unfamiliar words, don't always refer to the dictionary. Besides, when teachers' questions 　come up　 in class, you should try to 　come up with　 answers. Lastly, if you fail, you must say to yourself, “　Come on　！” [金句]——完成句子 ④(2022·1月浙江卷，情绪＋动作描写)Knowing that my partner 　came down with a serious disease　， I had knots in my throat and rushed to hospital anxiously. 得知我的伙伴染上重病，我不禁哽咽，焦急地赶往医院。 1．subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期缴纳(会费) [练通]——写出下列句中加黑词汇的含义 ①I would like to subscribe to a Dictionary of American Slang every year.　定期订购　 ② We mustn't subscribe till we've got the money; don't you know that? 　认购(股份)　 ③He subscribes money regularly to Amnesty International.　定期缴纳(会费)　 2．transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①He was transformed 　into　 a controversial figure, which affected his reputation a great deal. ②Every moment of every day, energy is being transformed 　from　 one form 　into　 another. ③The economic framework of the 21st century is going through new 　transformation　 (transform)．主题语境·培优词汇库子话题1—各类科学家子话题2—工作职责与资格 ①physicist n．物理学家 ②astronomer n. 天文学家 ③geographer n. 地理学家 ④zoologist n. 动物学家 ⑤mathematician n. 数学家 ⑥biologist n. 生物学家 ⑦botanist n. 植物学家 ①certificate n．证明；证(明)书 ②qualification n. 资格；学历 ③invent vt. 发明；创造 ④undertake vt. 承担；从事；负责 ⑤charge vt. 负责；主管 ⑥responsibility n. 责任；负责 1．主语(表事物)＋see＋宾语　Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售清洁饮用水，世界各地的霍乱威胁也大量减少。句中see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。与see用法相同的动词有find, witness, say, experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。 [练通]——完成句子 ①The old temple 　has seen/witnessed great changes of the village　 in the past two hundred years. 这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。 ②　Our school has witnessed/seen great changes 　in the last few years. 我们学校在过去几年里发生了巨大的变化。 2．until引导的时间状语从句　Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome. 在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。 (1)not...until...意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句； (2)在not...until...句型结构中，可以把not until提到句首，此时主句用部分倒装语序； (3)not...until...句型的强调句式为It is/was not until...that...。　not until所引导的状语从句和till 引导的状语从句都表示时间，表示“到……时间为止”，但是主句中的谓语动词所表示的动作起(开始)止(结束)却相反。(1)Not until 引导状语从句时，主句的谓语动词为　________　且表示　________　；(2)until/till引导状语从句时，主句的谓语动词为　________　且表示　________　。单项选择： 1．My uncle　________　until he was fortyfive. A．married　　　　　 B．didn't marry C．was not marrying D．would marry 2．They　________　the train until it disappeared in the distance. A．saw B．watched C．noticed D．found 答案：(1)短暂性　起(开始)　(2)延续性　止(结束)　1.B　2.B [练通]——单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I dreamed of entering cycle races 　until　 I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. ②It was not until I settled down and lived in Beijing 　that　 I had a chance to pay a visit to the Great Wall. [金句]——句式升级 ③I wasn't aware that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened until I experienced the accident. →　Not until I experienced the accident was I aware　 that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened.(部分倒装) →　It was not until I experienced the accident that I was aware　 that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened.(强调句型) ►[维度1]　词形转换用括号内所给词的适当变形填空 1．Every job has its frustration.Sometimes the narrowminded people make me 　frustrated　 (frustrate)． 2．To our great joy, the result is consistent with the 　findings　 (find) of the police. 3．He has made a complete 　transformation　 (transform) from a comedian into a dramatic actor. 4．In spite of this, the number of people having mobile phones is increasing 　steadily　 (steady)． 5．He was 　severely　 (severe) criticized and removed from his post. 6．The polluted river is the living 　proof　 (prove) of the environmental pollution caused by the chemical factory. 7．If you are short in money but still want the bicycle，ask the shop 　assistant　(assist)to reduce the price. 8．Though 　initially　 (initial) depressed at the terrible diagnoses，Hawking soon returned to his research. 9．Jeremy ShuHow Lin is a　 gifted　(gift) basketball player and always performs well. 10．He has his　 faults　 (fault)，but all in all he is a conscientious man. ►[维度2]　固定用法 1．We come down 　with　 illnesses more easily when under stress. 2．Politicians are skilled at defending themselves 　against　 their critics. 3．Yet I did not know the real American society 　until　 I was injured in a car accident. 4．She listened，shifting nervously 　from　 one foot to another. 5．What made the assistant annoyed was that he was suspected 　of　 stealing his money. 6．In reality，experts believe that the illness is linked 　to　 the use of chemical pesticide. 7．The Great Wall is 　so　 splendid that a large number of tourists visit it every day. 8．Amy thought it was worthwhile to read English newspapers every day so she subscribed 　to 　the 21st Century. ►[维度3]　话题写作(邀请信) 假定你是李华，你校即将举行第一届校园科技节，请给你的外教Frank写封信邀请他参加，内容包括： 1．活动时间； 2．活动主题； 3．期待他开幕式上发言。注意：1.词数80左右； 2．请在相应位置做答。 [参考范文] Dear Frank， How is everything going? Learning that you are a great enthusiast for science and technology, I'm writing to invite you to attend the first campus science and technology festival to be held by my school. The festival, whose subject is “Science and technology light up life”， is scheduled to be held in our Science Exhibition Hall from 9：00 a．m. next Saturday. Many students will attend it and present their special science projects and amazing inventions. We also anticipate that you can speak at the opening ceremony. Looking forward to your participation. Yours, Li Hua 读后续写微技能22—学好科学，造福人类精彩词汇记牢 under control　　(被)控制住 keep up with 跟上……的步伐 be exposed to 接触；面对 be up to 是……的职责；由……决定 in demand 需求大 continuous prosperity 　持续繁荣单句续写运用用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has 　enjoyed continuous prosperity and more convenience　. ②We should study hard to 　keep up with the rapid development of society　 and make more contributions to our country. ③Through tireless efforts, the doctors finally 　got the virus under control　. [培优1]　单元知识链高考一、熟词生义 1．(2021·天津卷)I see our lizard，raw and nearly new.　adj.娇嫩的　 2．They shifted their viewpoints frequently.　vt.改变(观点或态度等)　 3．“Small does not mean weak，sir，” she defended herself.“I was born in the country of Wisconsin.I've driven teams of horses and carried water.Making a fulllength clay(黏土)figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do！”　v．辩解　 4．(2023·1月浙江卷)Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him doublecheck all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations.　v．应付，处理　 5．(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.　vt.触；碰；拿　二、一词多义——据语境选出suspect的含义 A．vt.怀疑　　　　　 B．n.嫌疑犯；可疑对象 C．adj.可疑的；靠不住的 1．He resigned after being suspected to be a criminal.　 A 　 2．Some of the evidence they produced was highly suspect.　 C 　 3．What a disgrace！Her son is a murder suspect in the case.　 B 　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养 ◆真题文本 (2023·北京卷)What is life? Like most great questions this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer. The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it's challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life－called ALife for short — is the systematic attempt to spell out life's fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, socalled ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is. So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about “the point” of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. “The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything.” Alan says. “Some people ask me, ‘So what's the worth of artificial life？’ Do you ever think, ‘What is the worth of your grandmother？’” As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are 　enamored　 by a concept called openended evolution (演化). This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of “novelty generator”. The only system known to exhibit this is Earth's biosphere. If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life's endless “creativity” in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly inventive machines. Compared with the developments of AI, advances in ALife are harder to recognize. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept — life itself — is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn't help either. The result is a diverse line of projects that each advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere. Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generated novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren't in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something：perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable. ◆真题再做 1.Regarding Alan Smith's defence of ALife, the author is　______　. A.supportive B.puzzled B．puzzled C.unconcerned D．doubtful 2.What does the word “enamored” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean？ A.Shocked. B．Protected. C.Attracted. D．Challenged. 3.What can we learn from this passage？ A.ALife holds the key to human future. B.ALife and AI share a common feature. C.AI mirrors the developments of ALife. D.AI speeds up the process of human evolution. 4.Which would be the best title for the passage？ A.Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out？ B.Life Evolves. Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too？ C.Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day？ D.Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too？ [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化的问题。 1．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段“As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. (尽管许多ALifer讨厌强调他们研究的应用，但创造人工生命的尝试可能会有实际的回报。)”可知，作者认为创造人工生命的尝试是会有回报的；再结合第二段“So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about ‘the point’ of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. ‘The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything.’ Alan says. “Some people ask me, ‘So what's the worth of artificial life？’ Do you ever think, ‘What is the worth of your grandmother？’(到目前为止，还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命。这一记录使生命科学成为批评的成熟目标，比如对该领域可疑科学价值的声明。复杂性科学家艾伦·史密斯厌倦了这样的抱怨。他说，询问ALife的‘意义’可能完全没有抓住要点。 ‘一个生命系统的存在与任何东西的使用无关。’Alan说。“有人问我，‘那么人工生命的价值是什么？’你有没有想过，‘你祖母的价值是什么？’)”可推知，因为还没有人能令人信服地制造出人工生命，才导致使生命科学成为批评(认为其没有科学价值)的成熟目标，作者认为这是不合理的，所以后文引用了Alan Smith的话语对这种观点进行反驳，即关于Alan Smith对ALife的辩护，作者表示支持。] 2．C　[词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are 　enamored　 by a concept called openended evolution (演化)．(人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念　enamored　。)”可知，人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，说明人工智能和ALife二者间有共同之处，可推测是因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念所吸引，所以才有了这种观点。故划线词意为“吸引”。] 3．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段“Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called openended evolution (演化)．(人工智能可能被认为是ALife的表亲，因为这两个领域的研究人员都被一个叫做开放进化的概念所吸引。)”可知，ALife和AI有一个共同的特点。] 4．D　[主旨大意题。根据最后一段“They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something: perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.(它们可能普遍适用于所有进化行为。最终，ALife可能没有什么特别的。但即使是这种否定也表明了一些事情：也许，就像整个宇宙中的生命本身一样，ALife的崛起将被证明是不可避免的。)”结合文章主要探讨了ALife是否也在不断地进化。D选项“生命在进化。创造ALife的尝试也能进化吗？”是最合适的标题。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．the field of artificial life　人工生命领域　 2．for short　简称；缩写　 3．the field's doubtful scientific value　该领域值得怀疑的科学价值　 4．be tired of such complaints　厌倦了这样的抱怨　 5．the existence of a living system　生命系统的存在　 6．a concept called openended evolution　一个叫作开放式进化的概念　 7．give rise to truly inventive machines　产生真正有创造力的机器　 8．apply universally to all acts of evolution　普遍适用于所有进化行为　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．challenging adj.　具有挑战性的　 2．systematic adj.　有系统的，体系的　 3．convincingly adv.　令人信服地；有说服力地　 4．emphasize v．　强调，着重　 5．capacity n．　容量；才能；能力　 6．complexity n．　复杂性　 7．reproduce v．　繁殖；复制　 8．universe n．　宇宙；思想等范围　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．sample A．样品；货样 B．样品的　 C．品尝　 D．选录 ①Sample the colourful fruits and vegetables at a farmers' market.　 C 　 ②Thousands of people have written in to us for a free sample.　 A 　 2．mirror A．镜子 B．反射面　 C．写照　 D．反射；反映 ①These novels mirror life in today's Japan from various angles.　 D 　 ②The only wall decorations are candles and a single mirror. 　 A 　 ◆素养提升(阅读理解之最佳标题题) 标题选择属于主旨要义题的一种。通常由称为主题句(topic sentence)的句子来表示。一般主题句包括两部分：Topic(主题)和Controlling Idea(控制概念)。控制概念用在段落中表达讨论的控制范围。主题句一般位于首段，有的明显，有的隐含在段中。本文的主题句在首段。请找出主题句。主题句： Many of these practitioners, socalled ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is. 本文第4题：结合主题句，making life与life evolve相近，而主题句中心ALifer是指“artificial life”研究者指明了生命的方向：人工生命。故选D项。 ◆[针对训练]　Too much TVwatching can harm children's ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. ... What would be the best title for this text? A．Computers or Television B．Effects of Television on Children C．Studies on TV and College Education D．Television and Children's Learning Habits 解析：B　[以上片段的主题句为：New studies..., on children.结合文章开头Too much TVwatching...可得出正确选项为B。] $$

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【创新教程】2026年高考英语总复习大一轮课件PPT（人教版）

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