内容正文:
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
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主题语境 人与自然——创新与有机农业
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进阶 多维检测
培优 提能加餐
02
03
课时作业
04
聚焦 层级突破
01
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话题词块
1.organic farming有机农业
2.build up a new farming method开发新的耕作方法
3.free from bacteria and pests免受细菌和害虫的伤害
4.go against nature违背大自然
5.in harmony with nature与自然和谐相处
6.agricultural resources农业资源
7.pollutionfree vegetables无公害蔬菜
8.go green绿色环保
9.significant advantages over超出……巨大优势
10.friendly to the environment 绿色环保
话题佳句
1.At present, the hybrid rice developed by Yuan is planted on the farmland all over China, which played an important role in increasing China's grain production.
目前,袁隆平研制的杂交水稻已遍布全国农田,为提高中国粮食产量发挥了重要作用。
2.We all know without food equals no lives.Therefore, agriculture is of great help for the lives.
我们都知道没有食物就没有生命。因此,农业对人们的生活有很大的帮助。
3.Given that he achieved what he had wanted to, many people might think he would retire to a life of leisure, but he didn't.
考虑到他已经取得了他想取得的成就,很多人可能认为他会退休,享受悠闲的生活,但他没有。
[核心词汇——逐点清]
1.devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于
(1)devote ...to把……用于;献身;致力;专心
devote oneself to献身于……;致力于……
(2)devoted adj.忠实的;深爱的
be devoted to (doing) sth.专心于……;奉献于……
(3)devotion n.关爱;关照;奉献;忠诚
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I still remember what you have devoted to improving (improve) my oral English and English writing.
②(全国Ⅰ卷,人物介绍)Responsible and devoted (devote) to community work, he is praised by the people around.
③A teacher's devotion (devote) to education deserves great respect of the whole public because it brings benefits to the development of society.
[金句]——句式升级
(全国Ⅰ卷,人物介绍)我最崇拜的人是我的英语老师,他致力于教学。
④The person I admire most is my English teacher who/that devotes himself to/is devoted to teaching .(定语从句)
⑤The person I admire most is my English teacher devoted to/devoting himself to teaching .(分词短语作定语)
2.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服
(1)convince sb.of sth.使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb.that ...使某人相信……
convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
(2)convincing adj.令人信服的
(3)convinced adj.确信的;坚信的
be convinced of/that相信……
介词of在此表示“相信的对象或内容”。你还能想起类似短语吗?
答案:inform sb. of sth.;warn sb.of sth.;persuade sb.of sth.等等。
[练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Although I soon convinced him of my innocence,I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.
②(2023·1月浙江卷) But I'm convinced (convince)my parents love having me back.
③ I'm firmly convinced of the significance of honesty (我坚信诚实的重要性),which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.
④ I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for the job (我深信我胜任这份工作)and I will try my best to perform my duties if I am lucky enough to get the position.
[金句]——句式升级
⑤I'm convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance,so I sincerely hope you can help us.
→ Convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance ,I sincerely hope you can help us.(分词作状语)
3.assumption n.假定,假设;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得
(1)on the assumption that...假定……
make an assumption作出臆断
(2)assume v.假定;设想;承担;假装
assume sb./sth.(to be)+形容词/名词假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is generally assumed that...人们普遍认为……
(3)assuming(that)...假设……
[练通]——完成句子
①We are working on the assumption that (假定)everyone invited will turn up.
②It was impossible to make an assumption (作出臆断)about people's reactions.
③We assume him to be the best writer (认为他是最好的作家)of our time.
④ It is generally assumed that (人们普遍认为)this is possibly the best translation.
⑤ Assuming that you are right (假定你是正确的),we'll make a great deal of money from the project.
4.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的
(1)an alternative to……的替代物/品(to是介词)
have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事
(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地
[练通]——单句语法填空
①In order to reduce pollution,we human beings have no alternative but to choose (choose)some clean resources.For example,solar energy is an alternative to fossil fuel.
②The agency will make travel arrangements for you. Alternatively (alternative), you can organize your own transport.
[点津] “别无选择只好做……”的表达形式:
(1)have no choice/option but to do sth.
(2)can't help but do sth.
[金句]——应用文写作
③We have no alternative but to save energy to protect our environment .
我们别无他法,只有节约能源才能保护环境。
5.in turn相应地;转而;依次;轮流
by turns 轮流地
take turns (to do sth.) 轮流(做某事)
It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
It turns/turned out that 结果是
[练通]——完成句子
①People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,and in turn (反过来)this creates further problems.
②Last year,we took turns to drive to (轮流开车去)Yunnan for travelling.
③Thus they carried the heavy bags by turns (轮流)and went on their journey.
④ It's your turn to read the passage.
轮到你读这篇文章了。
⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) It turned out that my efforts paid off when I took first place in the writing contest.
事实证明,当我在写作比赛中获得了第一名时,我的努力得到了回报。
1.expand vt.&vi.扩大;增加vt.扩展;发展(业务)
[辨析] expand;extend;spread;stretch
expand
(使)(尺寸、数字或数量等)扩大;增加(活动量);扩大(活动范围)
extend
延伸;延长(建筑或道路、时间等);扩大(控制、影响力等);伸展(手臂、腿等)
spread
把(物)铺开、张开;(疾病、感情、问题或火等)蔓延;(消息、思想等)流传;传播;扩展(使能覆盖大的面积);张开(手臂、双腿等)
stretch
伸展;拉长,一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展,不是加长
[练通]——选词填空: expand, extend, spread, stretch
①The hot weather extended to October.
②During the past ten years the city's population has expanded by 12%.
③The fire soon spread to the surrounding buildings.
④The cat stretched out in front of the fire.
2.depth n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①There isn't time to dig deeply (deep) and put in manure or compost.
②The reunion dinner helps deepen (deep) family ties while the exchange of gifts and greetings enhances relations between friends.
③You also need to judge the quality and depth (deep)of your motivation.
主题语境·培优词汇库
子话题1—个人品质
子话题2—智力与能力
①virtue n.美德;品行
②strongwilled adj. 意志坚强的
③generous adj. 慷慨大方的
④reliable adj. 可依赖的;可依靠的
⑤diligent adj. 勤奋的
⑥considerate adj. 考虑周到的
①intelligence n.智力;才智;智慧
②capable adj. 有能力的;有才能的
③intelligent adj. 聪明的;明智的
④talented adj. 有才能的
⑤outstanding adj. 杰出的
⑥creative adj. 创造性的
1.what引导的主语从句
However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
然而,他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好,有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
what引导主语从句,what concerned him most 为该句的主语,what在主语从句中常作主语、宾语或表语。
[练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2024·全国甲卷)On a cool,starry night in midSeptember 1870,four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in what is now northwestern Wyoming.
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.
③(读后续写之心理描写) What is the most important is that we should have the courage to accept the challenge.
最重要的是,我们应该有勇气接受这个挑战。
④ What hurt me most was that they went to play basketball during the games periods, saying I could not play.
最让我伤心的是,他们在比赛期间去打篮球,说我不能打。
2.given that...引导条件状语从句
Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy,one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
鉴于袁隆平的杂交水稻品种已经让他变得相当富有,有的人可能认为,他会退休过一种休闲的生活。
“given that”作连词,后接状语从句,意为“假如;考虑到;既然”。
considering/seeing (that) ...鉴于;考虑到
provided/providing (that) ...如果;假设;在……条件下
suppose/supposing (that) ...假定;假设;设想
[练通]——完成句子
① Given/Providing/Provided/Supposing/Suppose (假设) you were failing in the coming exam, what should you do?
② Given/Considering/Seeing (考虑到) that it is 8 o'clock, we'll wait no longer.
►[维度1] 词形转换
用括号内所给词的适当变形填空
1.(2021·3月天津卷)As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time,the reality (real) of my daytoday work at the insurance company became harder.
2.I tried something new such as a dance class and a walking club.In addition,I tried to eat more nutritious (nutrition) food.
3.To work out the problem of water shortage (short)at present,we can try to process the salty (salt) water.
4.We felt at home with her and were impressed with the depth (deep)of her knowledge.
5.We are working on the assumption (assume) that it was a gas explosion.
6.I know what a mother's devotion (devote) to her children means.
7.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional (convention) veterinarian.
8.Most ordinary people in Iraq are living in poverty (poor) and panic now.In other words,their basic rights aren't guaranteed.
9.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Print texts cannot be entirely replaced (replac) in education.
10.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Digital texts, audio and video all have educational (education) roles, especially when providing resources not available in print.
►[维度2] 固定用法
1.The committee is comprised of representatives from both the public and private sectors (部门).
2.It is estimated that two million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping.
3.The government has been trying to tackle the problem since it arose.
4.Japan is poor in natural resources.
5.After dinner, the child always helps parents clear the table of boards and plates.
6.Never forget the old man of the time to take medicine.
7.Our dream to travel to the moon will soon turn into a reality.
8.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world.
►[维度3] 话题写作(征稿类)
假如你是李华,学校论坛英文版想邀请你写一篇文章刊登在论坛上,介绍生态农业(organic farming)的情况和人们对此不同的看法。
1.生态农业(organic farming)的现状;
2.生态农业(organic farming)的利弊。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[参考范文]
Nowadays, more and more people attach great importance to health, as a result of which organic farming comes to our sight frequently. Some people are for it while others hold the opposite view.
As a matter of fact, organic farming has both advantages and disadvantages. As for pros, without using any chemicals, organic farming is able to keep soil rich and free of disease, which helps avoid damage to the environment and people's health. For another thing, organic farming is far from meeting the increasing need for food around the world.
In my opinion, I adopt a positive attitude towards it in the hope of health on our list of priorities in the future.
读后续写微技能21—用动作细节描写表达感情2
精彩词汇记牢
a graceful figure 优美的身段
a skinny figure 消瘦的身材
an average figure 中等身材
a wellbuilt man 身材魁梧的人
improve one's figure 改善体形
a welldeveloped figure 发育良好的身材
单句续写运用
用左栏的表达续写下列句子。
①We were completely having no idea what to do with our broken car when a wellbuilt man approached in our direction .
②The door opened after a long silence. Out came a skinny figure dragging a heavy bag behind her.
[培优1] 单元知识链高考
一、熟词生义
1.(2022·全国乙卷)It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. v.吃;喝;饮
2.(全国卷)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. adj.根深蒂固的
3.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet,sound can now create silence. v.渴望
4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. n.文章,报道
二、一词多义——根据语境选出character的含义
A.n.(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物,角色
B.n.性格 C.n.特色,特性 D.n.字,字体
1.The twins look like each other but they have very different characters: one is quiet while the other is active. B
2.At the end of the story, the main character, a young man had to leave his girlfriend. A
3.Nowadays many foreigners love to study Chinese characters in China. D
4.—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.
—Me too.The character of the town is well preserved. C
[培优2] 高考语篇培素养
◆真题文本
(2023·1月浙江卷)According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “lowimpact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest lowimpact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinatorfriendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinatorfriendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.
◆真题再做
1.What do solar developers often ignore?
A.The decline in the demand for solar energy.
B.The negative impact of installing solar panels.
C.The rising labor cost of building solar farms.
D.The most recent advances in solar technology.
2.What does InSPIRE aim to do?
A.Improve the productivity of local farms.
B.Invent new methods for controlling weeds.
C.Make solar projects environmentally friendly.
D.Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.
3.What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A.To conserve pollinators.
B.To restrict solar development.
C.To diversify the economy.
D.To ensure the supply of energy.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.Pollinators:To Leave or to Stay
B.Solar Energy:Hope for the Future
C.InSPIRE:A Leader in Agriculture
D.Solar Farms:A New Development
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场,这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫,从而促进农业的发展。
1.B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.(通常,他们最终会用小石头填满该地区,并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是,许多社区,特别是在农业地区,将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知,太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题,导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者,由此可以推断,开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。]
2.C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to ‘lowimpact’ solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(InSPIRE正在研究‘低影响’太阳能开发的实用方法,其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知,InSPIRE采用友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场,也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。]
3.A [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知,这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关,所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。]
4.D [主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.(在过去的几年里,许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所,从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知,现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展,更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保,这将是未来发展农业的新趋势,再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断,本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。]
◆素材积累
(一)由文本积累主题词块
1.the number of solar panels 太阳能板数
2.in the past decade 在过去的10年里
3.take up a lot of space 占用了大量的空间
4.as quickly and cheaply as possible 尽快和尽便宜地
5.contribute to the agricultural economy 有助于农业经济
6.operate solar farms 经营太阳能农场
7.cause dramatic declines 导致戏剧性下降
8.result in soil improvement 导致土壤改善
(二)由文本积累阅读词汇
1.concept n. 概念
2.chemical n. 化学物质
3.community n. 社区
4.investigate v. 调查
5.transform v. 改变
6.pesticide n. 杀虫剂
7.landscape n. 风景, 景象
(三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上)
1.region
A.地区
B.地带
C.行政区
D.范围
①It's very cold in the polar regions. B
②Most of the countries in the region have unstable economies. A
2.state
A.状况
B.(物质的)形态
C.状态
D.州;邦
①The house has fallen into a state of neglect. C
②Some large countries such as the U.S. are divided into smaller areas called states. D
◆素养提升(阅读理解之大方向的把握)
新兴事物的产生往往基于现实问题的解决之上,然而它又会带来一些弊端。所以,此类文章往往朝两个方向发展:一个是利益的描述,另一个是弊端的处理。文章的大方向通常在文章的开头段。首先介绍新兴事物的(普遍)存在或(广泛)应用(如本文开头句:According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装) has
grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals.)。然后,总体概括其大有裨益或采用转折词汇(but,while,however等)引出其弊端(如本文第一段的第二句:But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.),方向一目了然。本文肯定要讲述“solar panels”的弊端,进而介绍其解决方案。
◆[针对训练] (2025·三晋名校联盟高三期中联考)While bone soup can provide some beneficial nutrients, experts don't view the popular soup as vital addition to your wellness.
本文所列的普遍现象是: Bone soup can provide some beneficial nutrients. (汉语翻译: 骨头汤可提供一些有益的营养。 )而“while”一词确定了大方向,主句应讲弊端。其弊端是: Experts don't view the popular soup as vital addition to your wellness. (汉语翻译: 专家并不认为这种大众享用的骨汤是健康的补充。 )
请看此篇文章的理解题:
Which of the following may Litt agree with?
A.Not everyone can try bone soup.
B.The use of bone soup is quite necessary.
C.Bone soup can replace protein.
D.Bone soup is not the master key to health.
解析:D [本文主要介绍专家(们)的发现,并以科学的方式(对弊端)进行论证。Litt可能是其中一位专家,他所赞同的观点一定与文章的主题(not view...soup as...)。故此题应选D项,与主题相符合。]
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