专题04 阅读理解之记叙文10篇-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）

专题04 阅读理解之记叙文10篇 2023-2024学年北京期末真题 （23-24高二下·北京东城·期末）By the time Alex Sanburn was 13, he was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local arts centre. Yet he wanted more-specifically to start showing his work in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That’s when he hit a barrier, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a driver for creation. “There was a gap in the art world, and I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Alex, now 15. With the support of his parents, Alex rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. The gallery charges a small hanging fee for any displayed work and takes a 15 percent commission fee on sales. In turn, Little EGG helps promote young talent by showcasing their work. Not long after the opening, Henry Cameron, a professor and artist, happened upon the gallery while walking in his neighbourhood. An exhibition was being installed at the time, and some of Alex’s own work was on the walls. A connection was formed, and Alex asked Henry to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and the top three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Given how busy Alex is with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing the gallery with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. Leo Smith, a 17-year-old artist from Toronto says it’s about time that a venue like Little EGG existed. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we’re due, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art.” 1．What happened when Alex was 1? A．He was rejected by a juried exhibition. B．He missed the deadline for submission. C．He had his first show at a local art club. D．He became a working artist successfully. 2．What do we know about Little EGG? A．It is free of charge. B．It is open on weekdays. C．It is aimed at young talents. D．It holds competitions regularly. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Alex? A．Ambitious and creative. B．Loyal and determined. C．Modest and sympathetic. D．Honest and hard-working. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．Art connects people worldwide. B．One good turn deserves another. C．Failures can drive positive change. D．Chance favours the prepared mind. （23-24高二下·北京丰台·期末）At an airport I overheard an old man and his daughter in their last moments together. They had announced her plane’s departure and standing near the door, he said to his daughter, “I love you, I wish you enough.” She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your love is all I ever needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy. ” They kissed good-bye and she left. He walked over toward the window where I was seated. Standing there I could see he wanted and needed to cry. I tried not to intrude on his privacy, but he welcomed me in by asking, “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be forever?” “Yes, I have,” I replied. Saying that brought back memories I had of expressing my love and appreciation for all my Dad had done for me. Recognizing that his days were limited, I took the time to tell him face to face how much he meant to me. So I knew what this man was experiencing. “Forgive me for asking, but why is this a forever good-bye?” I asked. “I am old and she lives much too far away. I have challenges ahead and the reality is, her next trip back will be for my funeral,” he said. “When you were saying good-bye I heard you say, ‘I wish you enough. ‘May I ask what that means?” He began to smile. “That’s a wish that has been handed down from other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone. ”He paused for a moment and looking up as if trying to remember it in detail, he smiled even more. “When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we were wanting the other person to have a life filled with enough good things to sustain them, ”he continued and then turning toward me, he shared the following as if he were reciting it from memory. “I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life appear much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your wanting. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you possess. I wish enough ‘Hellos’ to get you through the final ‘Good-bye’. ” 1．The old man want to cry because _______ A．he was guilty for not loving his daughter enough B．his daughter didn’t care about him as expected C．he had a slim chance to see his daughter again D．his daughter’s parting words made him sad 2．The author mentioned his Dad to show________ A．his appreciation for his father’s devotion B．his sorrow for his father leaving the world C．his understanding of the old man’s feeling D．his concern for the old man’s mental state 3．What message does the old man’s wish convey? A．Every moment is a blessing. B．Great hopes make great men. C．Happiness lies in contentment. D．To get time is to get everything. 4．According to the passage, which can best describe the old man? A．Helpful and gentle. B．Wise and loving. C．Modest and thoughtful. D．Kind and generous. （23-24高二下·北京昌平·期末）James Gailey has already retired. At 80 years old, he was enjoying time in the North Texas community of Callisburg. It’s a small town, with a population of about 300 people. The local school district has two campuses, and supports over 1,100 students in the rural area. Although Gailey had no intention of returning to the workforce, he had no choice when his monthly rent was raised by $400. Since he couldn’t afford that cost, “Mr. James,” as the students call him, went back to the local school and restarted working as a school janitor. Three students decided that they could do something about this situation. Greyson Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusko created a GoFundMe web page and shared his story on TikTok. “No 80-year-old should have to work because they have to,” said Tidwell, “It should be because they want to do it. It bothered us that he had to have a place to work to keep his house.” When the students started the campaign, their goal was to get Mr. James some extra money to help with his rent issues. The page was disabled only two weeks later, raising an impressive $270,000. “It’s amazing,” said Jason Hooper, the principal of Callisburg High School. “The need was met because of three kind kids—of all our students who offered help.” Many of the donations to the GoFundMe page are from students and staff at Callisburg, with most of them only $5 or $10 each. “It is crazy to see something like that. We knew people would have wanted to help,” said Yusko, “We didn’t know it would blow up.” At the time of researching and writing this story, Mr. James said that he was ready to return to retirement. “It’s what we’re about,” Hooper said, “We’re a small town. We’re family. We don’t always agree, but we love and help our own.” 1．James Gailey returned to work mainly because of ________. A．his difficulty in paying his rent B．his boredom of the retiring life C．his desire to continue his career D．his ambition to improve himself 2．What did the three kids do for James Gailey? A．Finding him a job at campus B．Giving him support for work. C．Raising money on the website. D．Turning to the school principle. 3．How did Yusko feel after the campaign ? A．Doubtful. B．Astonished. C．Regretful. D．Confused. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．It’s never too late to learn. B．A good turn deserves another. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．A small act can make a difference. （23-24高二下·北京西城·期末）In 2014, a year into her retirement, Morag Warrack found herself in a village hall in the Surrey hills, surrounded by middle-aged men throwing each other on to the floor. “When entering the classroom, I was terrified and thought all these men would be shocked by an old woman walking in,” she says. “The teacher encouraged me to stay and I realized they were all kind and curious about me being there. That was my first experience of learning aikido.” At 59, Warrack, who had recently handed in her resignation, began reading up on mindfulness practices. “The more I looked into mindfulness, the more aikido kept coming up,” she says. “These books were recommending it as a way to connect the mind, body and spirit.” Attracted by the idea, Warrack found a local class where she could take a beginners’ session. Despite her struggles, Warrack kept returning. While her husband and two children were supportive, they weren’t tempted to join in. “They just thought: Mum’s off on one again,” she says. Warrack carried on and, after two years of practice, she began moving up the graded system of belt rankings and noticing a change in herself. “Aikido was making me way more confident,” she says, “Since my reactions got quicker, my balance was better and my coordination (协调性) improved, I had a real understanding of my own body and it became a metaphor (比喻) for how to be in life; how to avoid attack without hurting the other person.” By January 2019, Warrack was determined to achieve her black belt and began training with the only other person in her class who was at the same level as her: a 181cm police officer. “It was a very odd pairing. Not least because he’s so strong and so I had to learn how to use my skills rather than strength against him,” she says. In December 2021, Warrack, at the age of 66, took her black belt test. For 20 minutes, she had to defend her position against attackers one after another before facing the final randori, where four people attack at once. “One guy kicked me and split my lip,” she laughs. “It made me so angry, but that’s what I needed to keep going.” She passed, making her one of the oldest people to achieve an aikido black belt in the UK. 1．How did Morag Warrack feel when she first entered the aikido classroom? A．Curious. B．Disappointed. C．Confident. D．Frightened. 2．After two years of practice, Warrack ________. A．grew more patient B．turned into a better self C．realized her full potential D．became aware of her weakness 3．In order to achieve her black belt, Warrack had to ________. A．polish her skills further B．improve her coordination C．avoid hurting the attackers D．seek support from her family 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．With age comes wisdom. B．The greatest wealth is health. C．It’s always a good time to learn. D．Compete with honor and win with grace. （23-24高二下·北京朝阳·期末）It turns out patience isn’t always a virtue. By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen had been well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local arts centre. Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his works in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process, ensuring that only the most outstanding works are included in the exhibition. That’s when he ran into a problem, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. The gallery, which is now profitable enough, charges a small fee for any displayed work and takes a 15 percent service fee on sales. In turn, Little EGG Gallery helps promote young talents by showcasing their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist from Ontario College of Art and Design University, happened to come across the gallery while walking with his wife in their neighbourhood. Upon meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understood that he was speaking with someone special, “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea, which was to create a space for showing the local community the easy, natural genius of young people.” A connection was formed, and Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and the top three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. Given how busy Nalin is with school life and his own art, Little EGG Gallery is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing the gallery with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. Nalin believes that young artists are free to be more creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when you’re younger, you have more creativity. You see beauty in more things and when you get older, it kind of stops. I don’t want to see anyone prevented from creating their art. 1．According to the passage, the juried exhibition ______. A．favours works of art experts B．charges a small fee for entries C．sets no age limit for submission D．displays professionally selected works 2．How did Nalin Kamat feel after being rejected? A．Anxious. B．Motivated. C．Regretful. D．Confused. 3．Why did Nalin Kamat found Little EGG Gallery? A．To work with other young artists. B．To meet his parents’ expectations. C．To offer underage artists a platform. D．To hold an exhibition of his own works. 4．What can we learn from Nalin Kamat’s story? A．Wisdom arises from experience. B．Everything comes to those who wait. C．Luck matters to one’s career success. D．Innovative thoughts increase one’s chances. 2022-2023学年北京期末真题 （22-23高二下·北京朝阳·期末）My wife Hannah and I usually don’t keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. After my diagnosis (诊断) with a brain cancer, I loved to have something green and alive around us. And then I got a lucky bamboo plant in a pot from my friend Mitch. I told Hannah I wanted to care for the plant myself. As a physician, I was used to providing care. Since my diagnosis, I had to rely on help from other people, leaving me feeling aimless and upset. Watering the plant taught me I could still be a caregiver. Over the next few months, I recovered from surgery and completed the first round of treatment. Both the bamboo and I were thriving (繁荣). Then, mysteriously, it began to show signs of stress. No matter what I did, the leaves kept dropping to the floor, making me discouraged and uneasy. “I can’t even care for simple plant!” I yelled. “I’m failing!” Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before. She asked me why I was getting so worked up about this particular one. “If my lucky bamboo dies,” I cried out, “I might die too!” Identifying with the plant had offered me comfort. Now that the plant was struggling, I felt increasingly fearful. Suddenly, one day, I realized I had wrongly connected my care for the plant—something over which I had at least some control — with my own survival — something over which I had no control. When my cancer returned, it would not be because of any failure on my part — not because I ate sugar occasionally and certainly not because I failed to keep this plant alive. As my anxiety lessened, I learned from online tips to care for my dying plant. I moved the bamboo to a larger pot, separating its roots to give it room to grow. When it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive again. 1．What made the author change his attitude toward keeping houseplants? A．He recovered from surgery. B．He got a lucky bamboo plant. C．He was diagnosed with a cancer. D．He learned how to water a plant. 2．What was the main cause for the author’s anxiety? A．His struggle with cancer. B．His decision to care for the plant. C．His inability to look after himself. D．His belief in linking his survival to the plant’s. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Everything comes to those who wait. B．Positive thinking is a cure of anxiety. C．Trust yourself that you can do it and get it. D．You carry the passport to your own success. （22-23高二下·北京大兴·期末）Selena Evans had been down for days because she had no idea how to please those two girls. At first, Elizabeth Moretz just wouldn’t hide her disdain (鄙视) for her. About a month ago, when Selena ran into her near a coffee shop, she called her name from afar. However, Elizabeth didn’t show any kindness; instead, she scolded her, “You scared the hell out of me”. To apologize, for several days in a row, Selena would buy some coffee and stand at the door of the cafe, waiting for Elizabeth to come, and then pass the coffee to her and say friendly, “This is for you!” ut every time, Elizabeth would look at her doubtfully and then reject it. But one day before a math class, Elizabeth sat down right next to her and said, You know, I always speak out of turn without thinking. Sometimes it might hurt people. But you’ll realize I’m a good person soon. Please forgive my rudeness.”Then she passed her a cup of coffee, “This is for you.” elena couldn’t believe it was happening. She took the coffee excitedly. But soon she discovered she shouldn’t have been happy like that because the coffee wasn’t even for her. It was for Sara Crawford. Sara didn’t show up that day, so Elizabeth gave it to her instead. Should I try to be one of a group where I don’t belong? “No, I will spare no efforts to be their friend!” The next day Selena went to the bakery and bought three loafs of bread, one for herself, one for Elizabeth and one for Sara. As she was walking to the cafe, she saw Elizabeth sitting at an outdoor table of the cafe, pouring some water from her thermos into a coffee cup. After that, she put the cup lid back really quickly and then looked around alertly. Selena paused a little, and then called her loudly in the distance, “Morning!” Following the sound, Elizabeth saw Selena. She put the thermos back into her pack really quickly and stood up with that coffee in her hand. Selena ran to her and passed her a loaf of bread, “This is for you.” “Oh, I…” Elizabeth waved her hand, “I don’t like bread.” “Then, what do you like?” Before Selena could finish, Elizabeth had runaway with that coffee. Selena had been feeling down for two classes. The third class was lab course. She went to the Girls’ room before that and when she came back to the lab, Elizabeth walked to her with a cup of coffee. She dragged Selena, shoved the coffee into her hand and turned away. 1．What did the underlined part probably mean? A．Selena was in a dilemma what to do next. B．Selena would continue to make them happy. C．Selena found them difficult to get along with. D．Selena was determined not to make friends with them. 2．Why did Elizabeth put the thermos back into her pack quickly on seeing Selena? A．She wanted to pass coffee to Selena. B．She wanted to accept the loaf of bread. C．She hid from Selena the fact of filling the coffee cup with water. D．She was so excited to see Selena that she was at a loss what to do. 3．What made Selena upset before the lab course? A．Elizabeth hated being with her. B．Elizabeth didn’t hand her the coffee at first. C．She was concerned about the coming lab course. D．Try as she might, it seemed hard for her to please Elizabeth. 2021-2022学年北京期末真题 （21-22高二下·北京昌平·期末）During my early childhood years, I would spend time with my dad in Alabama, fishing and hiking through the woods. This is where I found my first box turtle crossing a busy road. I rescued the animal out of harm’s way. Without money for after-school programs and sports, I would spend my spare time catching crawfish, frogs, and making home-made fishing poles. I would catch small fish, put them in barrels, and use them to catch larger fish, primarily sunfish, crappie, and catfish. I moved back to Chicago in the 3rd grade and became saddened that I was unable to swim at local beaches and eat fish that were caught from Lake Michigan. When I started having behavioral issues in elementary school, my teachers would send me to my guidance teacher Dr. Deborah Hawes to do math and science projects. I would intentionally disrupt (扰乱) the class, knowing that I would get sent down to her office for guidance. Dr. Hawes was passionate about science and math. Her goal was to help every student realize the importance of these subjects, and how they relate to everyday living. As a result, she was able to convince me to participate in science fair project competitions. Surprisingly, I did incredibly well at those competitions and received numerous awards throughout the city at larger competitions. It was after 8th grade that Dr. Hawes convinced me to transfer to another high school which is famous for its agricultural sciences. This by far, was one of the best decisions I have ever made in my life. It was while attending this high school that I became interested in the study of environmental and animal sciences. My time here was what stimulated my interest in animal science and conservation and motivated me to continue my education in a local top university, where I was awarded a partial scholarship. I completed a Bachelor of Science degree in Animal Science in 2004. In 2008, I earned a Master of Science degree while conducting research on turtle nests. As a graduate student from 2006 to 2008, I guided high school and college students by helping them design research projects focusing on reptiles (爬行动物). In 2009, I became the Savanna Districts first-ever Wildlife Biologist. I am stationed at one of the most visited refuges (保护区) in the nation, which attracts millions of hunters, fishermen, and other outdoor enthusiasts from across the nation. 1．What do we know about the writer? A．He got his first box turtle on the way home. B．He felt troubled by his behavioral problems. C．He enjoyed the outdoor time in early childhood. D．He refused to join after-school activities in Alabama. 2．Why did the writer like Dr. Hawes? A．She fueled his passion for science. B．She made him realize the importance of education. C．She helped him win a full scholarship. D．She improved his relationship with other teachers. 3．Which is the right order of the events? a. I transferred from my former school. b. I helped students design research projects. c. I got the Bachelor's Degree in a famous university. d. I performed well in science fair project competitions. e. I became the Savanna Districts first Wildlife Biologist. A．adbce B．dabce C．adcbe D．dacbe 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Interest is the best teacher. B．One is never too old to learn. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Chance favors the prepared mind. （21-22高二下·北京昌平·期末）Blake Mycoskie is a businessman.He set up his first business when he was still at college. Three more businesses later, still only 29 years old and feeling a little burned out from work, Mycoskie decided to take a break for a while, and headed down to Argentina for some rest and relaxation. But rest isn't really part of a businessman's make-up, and it wasn't long before Mycoskie had hit on another idea, one that would come to define him as perhaps the world's best-known social businessman. On a visit to a village, he was shocked to see that many of the children didn't have any shoes? or if they did, the shoes were badly worn. Since shoes-particularly the local farmers canvas (帆布) shoe,the alpargata — are relatively cheap in Argentina, Mycoskie's first idea was to set up a charity to donate shoes to the children. But after giving it some thought, he realized that this probably wouldn't work: the shoes would quickly wear out, and if he asked people to donate repeatedly every time more shoes were needed, their sympathy for the cause might also soon wear out. So he came up with the idea of TOMS: One for One shoes. He would take the alpargata to America,produce it, and sell it as a high-end fashion item at around $50 a pair. Quite a lot for a canvas shoe you might say, but for each pair he sold, another pair would be donated to village children.That way he could guarantee a continuing supply and also run the project as a business rather than as a charity. His plan was carried out and soon his product was getting high satisfaction ratings from customers.Ten years on and with revenues of $392 million a year, the business is developing, supplying shoes not only to children in Argentina but also other parts of the world. But is the one-for-one model repeatable with other products? TOMS is a for-profit business but for a long time it didn't show a profit. Now he is conscious that "giving" alone is not the answer, and that educating people to improve their own lives is the real key. Yet he still loves TOMS: One for One,calling it his "greatest hit." And why shouldn't he? It has made a difference to millions of poor children around the world and brought him great satisfaction. 1．Blake Mycoskie went to Argentina just to________. A．take a short break B．do a voluntary work C．meet the local people D．set up a new business 2．Mycoskie helped the local children by________. A．calling on people to donate B．designing a new type of shoes C．running a One for One shoes project D．replacing the worn-out shoes with new ones 3．According to the passage, which words can best describe Mycoskie? A．Brave and generous. B．Creative and caring C．Talented and outgoing. D．Independent and calm. （21-22高二下·北京海淀·期末）Ashish, the 48-year-old surgeon encourages others to do the same through Bloodline, a nonprofit association he founded in 2017. Besides this, he donates blood regularly. According to Ashish, who has been a doctor at a United Family Healthcare hospital in Shanghai since 2007, Bloodline is aimed at creating a blood bank that can help the community as well as individuals with rare blood types who face an urgent need for blood. “My father, a doctor who specialized in treating chest infections, only charged those who could afford the medical treatment. For those who couldn’t pay, he never mentioned money and instead gave them the drugs for free.” he says. During his growing up years, Ashish was also exposed to social services, helping collect food and money for a local children’s hospital. Ashish first donated blood when he was 18. After arriving in China in 2003, Ashish learned mandarin at Fudan University in Shanghai before becoming a graduate student in general surgery at Shanghai Huashan Hospital. Here, he continued participating in blood donation drives as his way of giving back to society. In 2011, he became a volunteer at the Shanghai Blood Center where he helped raise public awareness about blood donations. The idea of setting up an online community for this cause came in 2013 as he believed that there should be a group of expats who get together voluntarily to work with patients and organize regular gatherings to raise public awareness. In 2017, this community was officially registered as Bloodline. “Our organization currently has a presence in 14 cities, including Beijing, Dalian, and Guangzhou. It’s often a small group of people in each city but they can help a great deal.” says Ashish, who holds the roles of ambassador and director of the foreign volunteers group at the Shanghai Blood Center. Ashish has also emphasize the importance of raising awareness of their causes in children, noting that people from the younger generations are more receptive to the idea of donating blood. Bloodline is currently planning to launch a junior club within the organization where youth will get to tour blood donation centers, witness how the blood is dealt, who the end users are, and the difference that they can make to the lives of those in need of blood. “We come from different countries and have different skin colors, but the blood streaming through our bodies is the same. When there is a need to roll up sleeves and save lives, we will step forward bravely.” he says. 1．The goal of Bloodline is to ________. A．set up a blood bank that can help the community B．raise money for the charity C．assist children in local hospitals D．help poor people reduce their financial burden 2．What can we infer about Ashish through the whole passage? He ________. A．benefited from blood donation himself B．got his medical degree in FuDan University C．got the idea of founding Bloodline from his father D．helped collect food and money for a local children’s hospital 3．What message does the passage convey to us? A．Giving is receiving B．Hard work leads to success. C．One needs to return the favor. D．Love is without boundaries. 试卷第1页，共3页 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解之记叙文10篇 2023-2024学年北京期末真题 （23-24高二下·北京东城·期末）By the time Alex Sanburn was 13, he was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local arts centre. Yet he wanted more-specifically to start showing his work in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That’s when he hit a barrier, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a driver for creation. “There was a gap in the art world, and I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Alex, now 15. With the support of his parents, Alex rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. The gallery charges a small hanging fee for any displayed work and takes a 15 percent commission fee on sales. In turn, Little EGG helps promote young talent by showcasing their work. Not long after the opening, Henry Cameron, a professor and artist, happened upon the gallery while walking in his neighbourhood. An exhibition was being installed at the time, and some of Alex’s own work was on the walls. A connection was formed, and Alex asked Henry to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and the top three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Given how busy Alex is with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing the gallery with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. Leo Smith, a 17-year-old artist from Toronto says it’s about time that a venue like Little EGG existed. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we’re due, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art.” 1．What happened when Alex was 1? A．He was rejected by a juried exhibition. B．He missed the deadline for submission. C．He had his first show at a local art club. D．He became a working artist successfully. 2．What do we know about Little EGG? A．It is free of charge. B．It is open on weekdays. C．It is aimed at young talents. D．It holds competitions regularly. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Alex? A．Ambitious and creative. B．Loyal and determined. C．Modest and sympathetic. D．Honest and hard-working. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．Art connects people worldwide. B．One good turn deserves another. C．Failures can drive positive change. D．Chance favours the prepared mind. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是13岁的小艺术家Alex申请参加在一个评审展览时因年龄小被拒绝，于是他创办了一个专门为未成年艺术家提供展示机会的画廊Little EGG。 1．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Yet he wanted more-specifically to start showing his work in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That’s when he hit a barrier, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18.(然而，他更具体地希望开始在一个评审展览中展示他的作品，在那里，艺术专家将在一个竞争性的评审过程中评估和选择作品。就在这时，他遇到了障碍，在一份多页申请的最后一行，他发现提交申请的最低年龄是18岁。)”可知，在他想在一个评审展览中展示他的作品时，他发现提交申请的最低年龄是18岁；由此可知，在1岁时他遭到了一次评审展览的拒绝。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“With the support of his parents, Alex rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists.(在父母的支持下，Alex租了一个店面，成立了Little EGG画廊，这是一个专门为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室。)”可知，Little EGG画廊是一个专门为未成年艺术家开始的商业工作室，由此可知，Little EGG画廊的目标是年轻的人才。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That rejection became a driver for creation. “There was a gap in the art world, and I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Alex, now 3.(这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。现年3岁的Alex说：‘艺术界有一个空白，我想如果我能给更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了。’)”可知，13岁的Alex再被拒绝后，他认为能给更多的年轻艺术家提供机会是件很酷的事情，结合第三段中的“With the support of his parents, Alex rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. (在父母的支持下，Alex租了一个店面，成立了Little EGG画廊，这是一个专门为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室。)”可知，他成立了一个专门为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室；综合以上信息可知，Alex是一个有抱负和富有创新精神的人。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据首段中的“That’s when he hit a barrier, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18.(就在这时，他遇到了障碍，在一份多页申请的最后一行，他发现提交申请的最低年龄是18岁。)”可知，Alex想在一个评审展览中展示他的作品时，他遭到了拒绝；根据第三段中的“That rejection became a driver for creation. “There was a gap in the art world, and I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Alex, now 15. (这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。现年15岁的Alex说：‘艺术界有一个空白，我想如果我能给更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了。’)”可知，这次拒绝成为了他创造的动力；根据第三段中的“With the support of his parents, Alex rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. (在父母的支持下，Alex租了一个店面，成立了Little EGG画廊，这是一个专门为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室。)”可知，他成立了一个专门为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室；综合以上信息可知，Alex在失败后而成立了专门为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室，所以，从该故事中可以学到的是失败可以带来积极的改变。故选C项。 （23-24高二下·北京丰台·期末）At an airport I overheard an old man and his daughter in their last moments together. They had announced her plane’s departure and standing near the door, he said to his daughter, “I love you, I wish you enough.” She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your love is all I ever needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy. ” They kissed good-bye and she left. He walked over toward the window where I was seated. Standing there I could see he wanted and needed to cry. I tried not to intrude on his privacy, but he welcomed me in by asking, “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be forever?” “Yes, I have,” I replied. Saying that brought back memories I had of expressing my love and appreciation for all my Dad had done for me. Recognizing that his days were limited, I took the time to tell him face to face how much he meant to me. So I knew what this man was experiencing. “Forgive me for asking, but why is this a forever good-bye?” I asked. “I am old and she lives much too far away. I have challenges ahead and the reality is, her next trip back will be for my funeral,” he said. “When you were saying good-bye I heard you say, ‘I wish you enough. ‘May I ask what that means?” He began to smile. “That’s a wish that has been handed down from other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone. ”He paused for a moment and looking up as if trying to remember it in detail, he smiled even more. “When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we were wanting the other person to have a life filled with enough good things to sustain them, ”he continued and then turning toward me, he shared the following as if he were reciting it from memory. “I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life appear much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your wanting. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you possess. I wish enough ‘Hellos’ to get you through the final ‘Good-bye’. ” 1．The old man want to cry because _______ A．he was guilty for not loving his daughter enough B．his daughter didn’t care about him as expected C．he had a slim chance to see his daughter again D．his daughter’s parting words made him sad 2．The author mentioned his Dad to show________ A．his appreciation for his father’s devotion B．his sorrow for his father leaving the world C．his understanding of the old man’s feeling D．his concern for the old man’s mental state 3．What message does the old man’s wish convey? A．Every moment is a blessing. B．Great hopes make great men. C．Happiness lies in contentment. D．To get time is to get everything. 4．According to the passage, which can best describe the old man? A．Helpful and gentle. B．Wise and loving. C．Modest and thoughtful. D．Kind and generous. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在机场一位老人与女儿告别的情景，通过他们的对话展现了亲情、离别与祝愿的主题，同时也穿插了作者自身的回忆与感悟。 1．推理判断题。根据第六段““I am old and she lives much too far away. I have challenges ahead and the reality is, her next trip back will be for my funeral,” he said. (“我老了，她住得太远了。我面临着挑战，而现实是，她下次回来将是参加我的葬礼。”)”可知，老人知道自己可能无法活到女儿下次回来的时候，因此这可能是他们最后一次见面，所以老人想哭。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Standing there I could see he wanted and needed to cry. I tried not to intrude on his privacy, but he welcomed me in by asking, “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be forever?” “Yes, I have,” I replied. (站在那里，我看得出他想哭，也需要哭。我尽量不去侵犯他的隐私，但他欢迎我，问我：“你有没有跟一个明知要永远再见的人说再见？”我回答说：“是的。”)”和第四段“Saying that brought back memories I had of expressing my love and appreciation for all my Dad had done for me. Recognizing that his days were limited, I took the time to tell him face to face how much he meant to me. So I knew what this man was experiencing. (这句话勾起了我对父亲为我所做的一切表达爱和感激的回忆。意识到他的日子不多了，我花时间当面告诉他，他对我来说有多重要。所以我知道这个人正在经历什么。)”可知，作者提到自己的父亲是因为他曾经也有过向父亲表达爱与感激的经历，认识到父亲的日子有限，亲自面对面地告诉父亲他对自己的意义。这表明作者对老人的感受有着深刻的理解。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段““I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life appear much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your wanting. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you possess. I wish enough ‘Hellos’ to get you through the final ‘Good-bye’. ” (“我希望你有足够的阳光，让你的态度保持光明。愿你有足够的雨水，让你更欣赏阳光。我希望你有足够的快乐来保持你的精神活力。我希望你有足够的痛苦，让生活中最小的快乐也变得更大。我希望你有足够的收获来满足你的需要。我希望你有足够的损失来珍惜你所拥有的一切。我希望有足够的‘你好’让你度过最后的‘再见’。”)”可知，老人的愿望传达了：每一刻都是一种祝福，都是幸福的时刻。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“At an airport I overheard an old man and his daughter in their last moments together. They had announced her plane’s departure and standing near the door, he said to his daughter, “I love you, I wish you enough.” (在机场，我无意中听到一位老人和他的女儿在一起的最后时刻。他们宣布了她的飞机起飞，他站在门口对女儿说：“我爱你，我希望你足够。”)”以及最后一段““I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough rain to appreciate the sun more. I wish you enough happiness to keep your spirit alive. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest joys in life appear much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your wanting. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you possess. I wish enough ‘Hellos’ to get you through the final ‘Good-bye’. ” (“我希望你有足够的阳光，让你的态度保持光明。愿你有足够的雨水，让你更欣赏阳光。我希望你有足够的快乐来保持你的精神活力。我希望你有足够的痛苦，让生活中最小的快乐也变得更大。我希望你有足够的收获来满足你的需要。我希望你有足够的损失来珍惜你所拥有的一切。我希望有足够的‘你好’让你度过最后的‘再见’。”)”可知，老人充满智慧并且深爱着他的家人。故选B。 （23-24高二下·北京昌平·期末）James Gailey has already retired. At 80 years old, he was enjoying time in the North Texas community of Callisburg. It’s a small town, with a population of about 300 people. The local school district has two campuses, and supports over 1,100 students in the rural area. Although Gailey had no intention of returning to the workforce, he had no choice when his monthly rent was raised by $400. Since he couldn’t afford that cost, “Mr. James,” as the students call him, went back to the local school and restarted working as a school janitor. Three students decided that they could do something about this situation. Greyson Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusko created a GoFundMe web page and shared his story on TikTok. “No 80-year-old should have to work because they have to,” said Tidwell, “It should be because they want to do it. It bothered us that he had to have a place to work to keep his house.” When the students started the campaign, their goal was to get Mr. James some extra money to help with his rent issues. The page was disabled only two weeks later, raising an impressive $270,000. “It’s amazing,” said Jason Hooper, the principal of Callisburg High School. “The need was met because of three kind kids—of all our students who offered help.” Many of the donations to the GoFundMe page are from students and staff at Callisburg, with most of them only $5 or $10 each. “It is crazy to see something like that. We knew people would have wanted to help,” said Yusko, “We didn’t know it would blow up.” At the time of researching and writing this story, Mr. James said that he was ready to return to retirement. “It’s what we’re about,” Hooper said, “We’re a small town. We’re family. We don’t always agree, but we love and help our own.” 1．James Gailey returned to work mainly because of ________. A．his difficulty in paying his rent B．his boredom of the retiring life C．his desire to continue his career D．his ambition to improve himself 2．What did the three kids do for James Gailey? A．Finding him a job at campus B．Giving him support for work. C．Raising money on the website. D．Turning to the school principle. 3．How did Yusko feel after the campaign ? A．Doubtful. B．Astonished. C．Regretful. D．Confused. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．It’s never too late to learn. B．A good turn deserves another. C．Chance favors the prepared mind. D．A small act can make a difference. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】文章的体裁为记叙文。通过讲述老人詹姆斯·盖利因无法支付房租而不得不重返工作岗位的故事，揭示了三名学生发起的筹款活动给他带来的帮助以及小善举所能带来的影响。文章通过这一真实事件展现了爱与帮助的力量，强调了小事可以产生积极的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Although Gailey had no intention of returning to the workforce, he had no choice when his monthly rent was raised by $400. Since he couldn’t afford that cost, “Mr. James,” as the students call him, went back to the local school and restarted working as a school janitor. (尽管盖利没有打算重新投入工作，但当他的每月房租涨价了400美元时，他别无选择。因为他支付不起这笔费用，“詹姆斯先生”就回到当地学校重新开始做学校清洁工。)”可知，他的月租金提高了400美元，他无法承担。因为他无法支付房租，别无选择，盖利重返工作。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Greyson Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusko created a GoFundMe web page and shared his story on TikTok. (格雷森·瑟曼、班纳·提德威尔和玛蒂·尤斯科创建了一个GoFundMe网页，并在TikTok上分享了他的故事。) ”和第四段“When the students started the campaign, their goal was to get Mr. James some extra money to help with his rent issues. (当学生开始这项运动时，他们的目标是为盖利筹集一些额外的钱以帮助解决他的租金问题。) ”表明格雷森·瑟曼、班纳·蒂德威尔和玛蒂·尤斯科创建了一个GoFundMe网页，并在TikTok上分享了他的故事，在网站上为詹姆斯·盖利筹集资金帮助解决他的房租问题。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It is crazy to see something like that. We knew people would have wanted to help,” said Yusko, “We didn’t know it would blow up.” (“看到这样的事情真是太疯狂了。我们知道人们会想要帮助，”尤斯科说，“我们没想到会爆炸般的发展。”) ”表明募捐活动的效果超出预期，让尤斯科感到惊讶。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr. James said that he was ready to return to retirement. (詹姆斯先生表示他准备重新退休。)”表明三名学生发起筹款活动的小举动对詹姆斯先生的生活产生了重大影响，年迈的詹姆斯先生不需要工作了，可以过上退休生活。说明即使是小小的善举也能产生积极影响。故选D项。 （23-24高二下·北京西城·期末）In 2014, a year into her retirement, Morag Warrack found herself in a village hall in the Surrey hills, surrounded by middle-aged men throwing each other on to the floor. “When entering the classroom, I was terrified and thought all these men would be shocked by an old woman walking in,” she says. “The teacher encouraged me to stay and I realized they were all kind and curious about me being there. That was my first experience of learning aikido.” At 59, Warrack, who had recently handed in her resignation, began reading up on mindfulness practices. “The more I looked into mindfulness, the more aikido kept coming up,” she says. “These books were recommending it as a way to connect the mind, body and spirit.” Attracted by the idea, Warrack found a local class where she could take a beginners’ session. Despite her struggles, Warrack kept returning. While her husband and two children were supportive, they weren’t tempted to join in. “They just thought: Mum’s off on one again,” she says. Warrack carried on and, after two years of practice, she began moving up the graded system of belt rankings and noticing a change in herself. “Aikido was making me way more confident,” she says, “Since my reactions got quicker, my balance was better and my coordination (协调性) improved, I had a real understanding of my own body and it became a metaphor (比喻) for how to be in life; how to avoid attack without hurting the other person.” By January 2019, Warrack was determined to achieve her black belt and began training with the only other person in her class who was at the same level as her: a 181cm police officer. “It was a very odd pairing. Not least because he’s so strong and so I had to learn how to use my skills rather than strength against him,” she says. In December 2021, Warrack, at the age of 66, took her black belt test. For 20 minutes, she had to defend her position against attackers one after another before facing the final randori, where four people attack at once. “One guy kicked me and split my lip,” she laughs. “It made me so angry, but that’s what I needed to keep going.” She passed, making her one of the oldest people to achieve an aikido black belt in the UK. 1．How did Morag Warrack feel when she first entered the aikido classroom? A．Curious. B．Disappointed. C．Confident. D．Frightened. 2．After two years of practice, Warrack ________. A．grew more patient B．turned into a better self C．realized her full potential D．became aware of her weakness 3．In order to achieve her black belt, Warrack had to ________. A．polish her skills further B．improve her coordination C．avoid hurting the attackers D．seek support from her family 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．With age comes wisdom. B．The greatest wealth is health. C．It’s always a good time to learn. D．Compete with honor and win with grace. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Morag Warrack的66岁女性，在退休后开始练习Aikido，并最终在2021年获得了黑带资格，成为英国达到该级别年龄最大的女性之一。她的经历表现了Aikido不仅对身体有好处，还能增强信心和自我意识，她在练习中克服了困难和挑战，展示了坚韧和毅力。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“ “When entering the classroom, I was terrified and thought all these men would be shocked by an old woman walking in,” she says. (她说：“当我走进教室时，我吓坏了，我想所有这些男人都会被一个老妇人走进来吓一跳。”)” 可知，Morag Warrack在文章中提到当她第一次进入Aikido教室时，她感到害怕，并认为所有的男人都会对一个老太太的进入感到震惊。因此，她第一次进入空手道教室时的感受是害怕，故选D。 2．推理判断题。第三段中“Warrack carried on and, after two years of practice, she began moving up the graded system of belt rankings and noticing a change in herself. “Aikido was making me way more confident,” she says, “Since my reactions got quicker, my balance was better and my coordination (协调性) improved, I had a real understanding of my own body and it became a metaphor (比喻) for how to be in life; how to avoid attack without hurting the other person.”(Warrack继续练习，在两年的训练后，她开始在腰带等级制度中升级，并注意到自己发生了变化。她说：“Aikido让我变得更加自信，因为我的反应更快了，平衡感更好，协调性也提高了，我真正理解了自己的身体，它成为了一个生活的隐喻，即如何在避免伤害他人的同时避免受到攻击。”)”可知，经过两年的练习，Warrack在腰带等级制度中开始上升，并且注意到了自己的变化。她变得更加自信，反应更快，平衡更好，协调性也提高了。这表明她成为了一个更好的自己。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“By January 2019, Warrack was determined to achieve her black belt and began training with the only other person in her class who was at the same level as her: a 181cm police officer. (到2019年1月，Warrack决心达到黑带水平，并开始和班里唯一一个和她水平相同的人一起训练：一个身高181cm的警察。)”可知，她在2019年决定获得黑带，并开始与班上唯一一个和她水平一样的人（一位181厘米的警察）一起训练。这表示她需要更深入地磨练自己的技能以达到黑带的水平。选A. 4．推理判断题。文章中讲述了Morag Warrack在退休后开始学习Aikido，并成功获得了黑带的故事。这表明无论何时学习都是一件好事，因此C选项“It’s always a good time to learn.(无论何时去学习都是好的。)”符合文章的主旨。故选C。 （23-24高二下·北京朝阳·期末）It turns out patience isn’t always a virtue. By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen had been well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local arts centre. Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his works in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process, ensuring that only the most outstanding works are included in the exhibition. That’s when he ran into a problem, discovering in the very last line of a multi-page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. The gallery, which is now profitable enough, charges a small fee for any displayed work and takes a 15 percent service fee on sales. In turn, Little EGG Gallery helps promote young talents by showcasing their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist from Ontario College of Art and Design University, happened to come across the gallery while walking with his wife in their neighbourhood. Upon meeting Nalin, Griffin says he understood that he was speaking with someone special, “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea, which was to create a space for showing the local community the easy, natural genius of young people.” A connection was formed, and Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and the top three winners each received a $50 cash prize. Five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. Given how busy Nalin is with school life and his own art, Little EGG Gallery is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing the gallery with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. Nalin believes that young artists are free to be more creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when you’re younger, you have more creativity. You see beauty in more things and when you get older, it kind of stops. I don’t want to see anyone prevented from creating their art. 1．According to the passage, the juried exhibition ______. A．favours works of art experts B．charges a small fee for entries C．sets no age limit for submission D．displays professionally selected works 2．How did Nalin Kamat feel after being rejected? A．Anxious. B．Motivated. C．Regretful. D．Confused. 3．Why did Nalin Kamat found Little EGG Gallery? A．To work with other young artists. B．To meet his parents’ expectations. C．To offer underage artists a platform. D．To hold an exhibition of his own works. 4．What can we learn from Nalin Kamat’s story? A．Wisdom arises from experience. B．Everything comes to those who wait. C．Luck matters to one’s career success. D．Innovative thoughts increase one’s chances. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文属于记叙文。文章主要讲述了少年Nalin Kamat在面临艺术界年龄限制的挑战后，受到启发创立Little EGG Gallery，为未成年艺术家提供展示平台的故事。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Yet he wanted more—specifically to start showing his works in a juried exhibition, where art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process, ensuring that only the most outstanding works are included in the exhibition. (然而，他更具体地希望开始在一个评审展览中展示他的作品，在那里，艺术专家将在一个竞争激烈的评审过程中评估和选择作品，确保只有最杰出的作品被包括在展览中。)”可知，评审制度的展览是由艺术专家评估并挑选作品，确保只有最杰出的作品才能参展。故选D。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段“That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. (这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。“作为年轻的艺术家，我们没有得到我认为应得的赞誉，我们也没有很多机会展示我们在艺术上付出的努力。我想如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了，”现年15岁的Nalin说。)”可知，被拒绝后，Nalin感到受到激励，想要为年轻艺术家提供更多机会。故选B。 3．细节理解题。由文章第二段“That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. (这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。“作为年轻的艺术家，我们没有得到我认为应得的赞誉，我们也没有很多机会展示我们在艺术上付出的努力。我想如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了，”现年15岁的Nalin说。)”及第三段中的“With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, a commercial studio only for underage artists. (在父母的支持下，2023年1月，纳林创办了专为未成年艺术家开设的商业工作室Little EGG Gallery。)”可知，Nalin创立Little EGG Gallery的目的是为未成年艺术家提供一个展示平台。故选C。 4．推理判断题。由文章第二段“That rejection became a fuel for creation. “As young artists, we don’t get as much credit as I think we deserve, and we also don’t get many opportunities to showcase the amount of work we put into the art. I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity for more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. (这种拒绝成为了创造的动力。“作为年轻的艺术家，我们没有得到我认为应得的赞誉，我们也没有很多机会展示我们在艺术上付出的努力。我想如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太酷了，”现年15岁的Nalin说。)”及最后一段“Nalin believes that young artists are free to be more creative. In an interview with CBC Kids News, he said, “I think when you’re younger, you have more creativity. You see beauty in more things and when you get older, it kind of stops. I don’t want to see anyone prevented from creating their art. (纳林认为，年轻艺术家可以自由地发挥自己的创造力。在接受CBC儿童新闻采访时，他说：“我认为当你年轻的时候，你会有更多的创造力。你会在更多事物中发现美，但随着年龄的增长，美就会消失。我不想看到任何人被阻止创作他们的艺术。)”可知，Nalin的故事展示了他如何面对年龄限制的挫折，创新性地创立了自己的画廊来支持年轻艺术家，这表明创新思维可以增加个人成功的机会。因此，选项D“Innovative thoughts increase one’s chances. (创新思维增加机会。)”最符合题意。故选D。 2022-2023学年北京期末真题 （22-23高二下·北京朝阳·期末）My wife Hannah and I usually don’t keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. After my diagnosis (诊断) with a brain cancer, I loved to have something green and alive around us. And then I got a lucky bamboo plant in a pot from my friend Mitch. I told Hannah I wanted to care for the plant myself. As a physician, I was used to providing care. Since my diagnosis, I had to rely on help from other people, leaving me feeling aimless and upset. Watering the plant taught me I could still be a caregiver. Over the next few months, I recovered from surgery and completed the first round of treatment. Both the bamboo and I were thriving (繁荣). Then, mysteriously, it began to show signs of stress. No matter what I did, the leaves kept dropping to the floor, making me discouraged and uneasy. “I can’t even care for simple plant!” I yelled. “I’m failing!” Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before. She asked me why I was getting so worked up about this particular one. “If my lucky bamboo dies,” I cried out, “I might die too!” Identifying with the plant had offered me comfort. Now that the plant was struggling, I felt increasingly fearful. Suddenly, one day, I realized I had wrongly connected my care for the plant—something over which I had at least some control — with my own survival — something over which I had no control. When my cancer returned, it would not be because of any failure on my part — not because I ate sugar occasionally and certainly not because I failed to keep this plant alive. As my anxiety lessened, I learned from online tips to care for my dying plant. I moved the bamboo to a larger pot, separating its roots to give it room to grow. When it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive again. 1．What made the author change his attitude toward keeping houseplants? A．He recovered from surgery. B．He got a lucky bamboo plant. C．He was diagnosed with a cancer. D．He learned how to water a plant. 2．What was the main cause for the author’s anxiety? A．His struggle with cancer. B．His decision to care for the plant. C．His inability to look after himself. D．His belief in linking his survival to the plant’s. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Everything comes to those who wait. B．Positive thinking is a cure of anxiety. C．Trust yourself that you can do it and get it. D．You carry the passport to your own success. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者患癌之后养了一盆竹子，护理这盆竹子让作者慢慢找到了自己的意义，但由于作者将竹子与自己的生存联系在一起，竹子的不良反应让作者非常气馁不安，后来作者意识到了这一点，坦然接受了自己患癌这件无法控制的事情，也把这棵濒死的植物救了回来。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My wife Hannah and I usually don’t keep houseplants.(我和妻子Hannah通常不养室内植物。)”，“After my diagnosis (诊断) with a brain cancer, I loved to have something green and alive around us.(在我被诊断出患有脑癌后，我喜欢在我们周围有一些绿色和有生命的东西。)”可知，作者被确诊患有脑癌后，他开始喜欢养室内植物了。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第六段“‘If my lucky bamboo dies,’ I cried out, ‘I might die too!’(‘如果我的幸运竹子死了，’我喊道，‘我可能也会死！’)”，第七段“Identifying with the plant had offered me comfort. Now that the plant was struggling, I felt increasingly fearful.(认同这株植物给了我安慰。现在这株植物正在挣扎，我感到越来越害怕。)”和第八段中的“Suddenly, one day, I realized I had wrongly connected my care for the plant — something over which I had at least some control — with my own survival — something over which I had no control.(突然，有一天，我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾——我至少可以控制的事情——与我自己的生存——我无法控制的事情联系在一起。)”可知，作者感觉竹子死了的话自己也会死，所以看到这棵竹子在垂死挣扎，自己也非常害怕，后来他才意识到自己将照顾竹子和自己的生存联系在一起，前者是可以控制的事情，而后者是不可控制的事情。由此可推测出，作者内心焦虑是因为他将自己的生存与竹子的命运联系在一起。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第八段中的“Suddenly, one day, I realized I had wrongly connected my care for the plant — something over which I had at least some control — with my own survival — something over which I had no control.(突然，有一天，我意识到我错误地将我对植物的照顾——我至少可以控制的事情——与我自己的生存——我无法控制的事情联系在一起。)”并结合全文内容可知，作者患癌之后养了一盆竹子，对它悉心照料，不知不觉中将竹子与自己的存活联系在了一起，竹子的不良反应让作者非常焦虑，后来作者意识到了这一点，明白了自己癌症复发并不是自己的问题，也不是竹子造成的影响。再根据最后一段中的“As my anxiety lessened, I learned from online tips to care for my dying plant.(随着我的焦虑减轻，我从网上学到了照顾濒临死亡的植物的技巧。)”可知，作者明白了这些道理后焦虑减轻了。由此可推测出，作者在思想上由消极到积极的转变让作者减轻了焦虑，积极的思想是治疗焦虑的良药。故选B。 （22-23高二下·北京大兴·期末）Selena Evans had been down for days because she had no idea how to please those two girls. At first, Elizabeth Moretz just wouldn’t hide her disdain (鄙视) for her. About a month ago, when Selena ran into her near a coffee shop, she called her name from afar. However, Elizabeth didn’t show any kindness; instead, she scolded her, “You scared the hell out of me”. To apologize, for several days in a row, Selena would buy some coffee and stand at the door of the cafe, waiting for Elizabeth to come, and then pass the coffee to her and say friendly, “This is for you!” ut every time, Elizabeth would look at her doubtfully and then reject it. But one day before a math class, Elizabeth sat down right next to her and said, You know, I always speak out of turn without thinking. Sometimes it might hurt people. But you’ll realize I’m a good person soon. Please forgive my rudeness.”Then she passed her a cup of coffee, “This is for you.” elena couldn’t believe it was happening. She took the coffee excitedly. But soon she discovered she shouldn’t have been happy like that because the coffee wasn’t even for her. It was for Sara Crawford. Sara didn’t show up that day, so Elizabeth gave it to her instead. Should I try to be one of a group where I don’t belong? “No, I will spare no efforts to be their friend!” The next day Selena went to the bakery and bought three loafs of bread, one for herself, one for Elizabeth and one for Sara. As she was walking to the cafe, she saw Elizabeth sitting at an outdoor table of the cafe, pouring some water from her thermos into a coffee cup. After that, she put the cup lid back really quickly and then looked around alertly. Selena paused a little, and then called her loudly in the distance, “Morning!” Following the sound, Elizabeth saw Selena. She put the thermos back into her pack really quickly and stood up with that coffee in her hand. Selena ran to her and passed her a loaf of bread, “This is for you.” “Oh, I…” Elizabeth waved her hand, “I don’t like bread.” “Then, what do you like?” Before Selena could finish, Elizabeth had runaway with that coffee. Selena had been feeling down for two classes. The third class was lab course. She went to the Girls’ room before that and when she came back to the lab, Elizabeth walked to her with a cup of coffee. She dragged Selena, shoved the coffee into her hand and turned away. 1．What did the underlined part probably mean? A．Selena was in a dilemma what to do next. B．Selena would continue to make them happy. C．Selena found them difficult to get along with. D．Selena was determined not to make friends with them. 2．Why did Elizabeth put the thermos back into her pack quickly on seeing Selena? A．She wanted to pass coffee to Selena. B．She wanted to accept the loaf of bread. C．She hid from Selena the fact of filling the coffee cup with water. D．She was so excited to see Selena that she was at a loss what to do. 3．What made Selena upset before the lab course? A．Elizabeth hated being with her. B．Elizabeth didn’t hand her the coffee at first. C．She was concerned about the coming lab course. D．Try as she might, it seemed hard for her to please Elizabeth. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了赛琳娜努力讨好其他两个女孩的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据第五段“No, I will spare no efforts to be their friend!(不，我会不遗余力地做她们的朋友)”以及第六段“The next day Selena went to the bakery and bought three loafs of bread, one for herself, one for Elizabeth and one for Sara.(第二天，赛琳娜去面包店买了三条面包，一条给自己，一条给伊丽莎白，一条给萨拉)”可知，赛琳娜在继续想办法讨好那两个女孩，可知，划线句子表示赛琳娜会继续让她们开心。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第六段“As she was walking to the cafe, she saw Elizabeth sitting at an outdoor table of the cafe, pouring some water from her thermos into a coffee cup.(当她走向咖啡馆时，她看到伊丽莎白坐在咖啡馆的一张户外桌子旁，从保温瓶里往咖啡杯里倒了些水)”可知，伊丽莎白往咖啡杯里倒了水，所以她一见到赛琳娜就迅速把保温瓶放回背包里是因为她想向赛琳娜隐瞒自己往咖啡杯里倒水这一事实。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Elizabeth waved her hand, I don’t like bread.'(伊丽莎白挥了挥手，“我不喜欢面包。”)”以及倒数第三段“Then, what do you like? Before Selena could finish, Elizabeth had run away with that coffee.(“那么，你喜欢什么？”赛琳娜还没来得及说完，伊丽莎白就带着咖啡跑了)”可推知，赛琳娜在实验课之前心烦意乱是因为伊丽莎白拒绝了她的讨好，尽管赛琳娜努力了，但是讨好伊丽莎白很难。故选D项。 2021-2022学年北京期末真题 （21-22高二下·北京昌平·期末）During my early childhood years, I would spend time with my dad in Alabama, fishing and hiking through the woods. This is where I found my first box turtle crossing a busy road. I rescued the animal out of harm’s way. Without money for after-school programs and sports, I would spend my spare time catching crawfish, frogs, and making home-made fishing poles. I would catch small fish, put them in barrels, and use them to catch larger fish, primarily sunfish, crappie, and catfish. I moved back to Chicago in the 3rd grade and became saddened that I was unable to swim at local beaches and eat fish that were caught from Lake Michigan. When I started having behavioral issues in elementary school, my teachers would send me to my guidance teacher Dr. Deborah Hawes to do math and science projects. I would intentionally disrupt (扰乱) the class, knowing that I would get sent down to her office for guidance. Dr. Hawes was passionate about science and math. Her goal was to help every student realize the importance of these subjects, and how they relate to everyday living. As a result, she was able to convince me to participate in science fair project competitions. Surprisingly, I did incredibly well at those competitions and received numerous awards throughout the city at larger competitions. It was after 8th grade that Dr. Hawes convinced me to transfer to another high school which is famous for its agricultural sciences. This by far, was one of the best decisions I have ever made in my life. It was while attending this high school that I became interested in the study of environmental and animal sciences. My time here was what stimulated my interest in animal science and conservation and motivated me to continue my education in a local top university, where I was awarded a partial scholarship. I completed a Bachelor of Science degree in Animal Science in 2004. In 2008, I earned a Master of Science degree while conducting research on turtle nests. As a graduate student from 2006 to 2008, I guided high school and college students by helping them design research projects focusing on reptiles (爬行动物). In 2009, I became the Savanna Districts first-ever Wildlife Biologist. I am stationed at one of the most visited refuges (保护区) in the nation, which attracts millions of hunters, fishermen, and other outdoor enthusiasts from across the nation. 1．What do we know about the writer? A．He got his first box turtle on the way home. B．He felt troubled by his behavioral problems. C．He enjoyed the outdoor time in early childhood. D．He refused to join after-school activities in Alabama. 2．Why did the writer like Dr. Hawes? A．She fueled his passion for science. B．She made him realize the importance of education. C．She helped him win a full scholarship. D．She improved his relationship with other teachers. 3．Which is the right order of the events? a. I transferred from my former school. b. I helped students design research projects. c. I got the Bachelor's Degree in a famous university. d. I performed well in science fair project competitions. e. I became the Savanna Districts first Wildlife Biologist. A．adbce B．dabce C．adcbe D．dacbe 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Interest is the best teacher. B．One is never too old to learn. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Chance favors the prepared mind. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”的求学和科研经历，霍斯博士点燃了“我”对科学的热情，在她的帮助下“我”逐步走向成功。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段的“I moved back to Chicago in the 3rd grade and became saddened that I was unable to swim at local beaches and eat fish that were caught from Lake Michigan.(我在三年级时搬回了芝加哥，并为我无法在当地的海滩游泳和吃从密歇根湖捕获的鱼而感到难过)”可知，他回忆起小时候在户外玩耍的时光时流露出了依依不舍，这说明他很享受童年时期的户外时光。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段的“I would intentionally disrupt the class, knowing that I would get sent down to her office for guidance. Dr. Hawes was passionate about science and math. Her goal was to help every student realize the importance of these subjects, and how they relate to everyday living. As a result, she was able to convince me to participate in science fair project competitions.(我会故意扰乱课堂，知道我会被派到她的办公室寻求指导。霍斯博士对科学和数学充满热情。她的目标是帮助每个学生意识到这些科目的重要性，以及它们与日常生活的关系。结果，她能够说服我参加科学博览会的项目竞赛)”和第五段的“Surprisingly, I did incredibly well at those competitions and received numerous awards throughout the city at larger competitions.(令人惊讶的是，我在这些比赛中表现得非常好，在全市范围内的大型比赛中获得了无数奖项)”以及下文作者喜欢环境和动物学推知，作者喜欢霍斯博士的原因是她激发了他对科学的热情。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第六段的“ It was after 8th grade that Dr. Hawes convinced me to transfer to another high school which is famous for its agricultural sciences.(八年级之后，霍斯博士说服我转学到另一所以农业科学而闻名的高中)”可知，a中事情发生在作者离开霍斯博士所在学校之后；根据倒数第二段的“ As a graduate student from 2006 to 2008, I guided high school and college students by helping them design research projects focusing on reptiles.(2006 年至 2008 年我研究生在读，指导高中生和大学生，帮助他们设计以爬行动物为重点的研究项目)”可知，b中事情发生的时间为2006年至2008年；根据倒数第二段的“ I completed a Bachelor of Science degree in Animal Science in 2004. (我于2004 年获得了动物科学的理学学士学位)”可知，c中事情发生的时间为2004年；根据第六段的“Surprisingly, I did incredibly well at those competitions and received numerous awards throughout the city at larger competitions. (令人惊讶的是，我在这些比赛中表现出色，并在整个城市的大型比赛中获得了无数的奖项)”可知，d中事情发生之时作者尚在霍斯博士所在学校就读；根据最后一段的“In 2009, I became the Savanna Districts first-ever Wildlife Biologist. (2009 年，我成为稀树草原区首位野生动物生物学家)”可知，e中事情发生的时间为2009年。由以上可以判断出d的事情最先发生，然后是a的事情发生。剩下的三个可以通过时间来明确地做出判断，c为2004，b为2006-2008，e为2009，因此整体排序为：dacbe。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“It was while attending this high school that I became interested in the study of environmental and animal sciences. My time here was what stimulated my interest in animal science and conservation and motivated me to continue my education in a local top university, where I was awarded a partial scholarship.(正是在上这所高中时，我对环境和动物科学的研究产生了兴趣。在这里的时光激发了我对环境科学和动物科学研究的兴趣，并促使我继续在当地一所顶尖大学接受教育，在那里我获得了部分奖学金)”和第3题的分析可知，作者对环境科学和动物科学的研究产生了兴趣，后来获得了动物科学的理学学士学位并在2009年成为了稀树草原区首位野生动物生物学家。由此可以判断出兴趣是最好的老师。故选A项。 （21-22高二下·北京昌平·期末）Blake Mycoskie is a businessman.He set up his first business when he was still at college. Three more businesses later, still only 29 years old and feeling a little burned out from work, Mycoskie decided to take a break for a while, and headed down to Argentina for some rest and relaxation. But rest isn't really part of a businessman's make-up, and it wasn't long before Mycoskie had hit on another idea, one that would come to define him as perhaps the world's best-known social businessman. On a visit to a village, he was shocked to see that many of the children didn't have any shoes? or if they did, the shoes were badly worn. Since shoes-particularly the local farmers canvas (帆布) shoe,the alpargata — are relatively cheap in Argentina, Mycoskie's first idea was to set up a charity to donate shoes to the children. But after giving it some thought, he realized that this probably wouldn't work: the shoes would quickly wear out, and if he asked people to donate repeatedly every time more shoes were needed, their sympathy for the cause might also soon wear out. So he came up with the idea of TOMS: One for One shoes. He would take the alpargata to America,produce it, and sell it as a high-end fashion item at around $50 a pair. Quite a lot for a canvas shoe you might say, but for each pair he sold, another pair would be donated to village children.That way he could guarantee a continuing supply and also run the project as a business rather than as a charity. His plan was carried out and soon his product was getting high satisfaction ratings from customers.Ten years on and with revenues of $392 million a year, the business is developing, supplying shoes not only to children in Argentina but also other parts of the world. But is the one-for-one model repeatable with other products? TOMS is a for-profit business but for a long time it didn't show a profit. Now he is conscious that "giving" alone is not the answer, and that educating people to improve their own lives is the real key. Yet he still loves TOMS: One for One,calling it his "greatest hit." And why shouldn't he? It has made a difference to millions of poor children around the world and brought him great satisfaction. 1．Blake Mycoskie went to Argentina just to________. A．take a short break B．do a voluntary work C．meet the local people D．set up a new business 2．Mycoskie helped the local children by________. A．calling on people to donate B．designing a new type of shoes C．running a One for One shoes project D．replacing the worn-out shoes with new ones 3．According to the passage, which words can best describe Mycoskie? A．Brave and generous. B．Creative and caring C．Talented and outgoing. D．Independent and calm. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Blake Mycoskie创办了TOMS项目，为阿根廷的孩子们捐赠鞋子。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Three more businesses later, still only 29 years old and feeling a little burned out from work, Mycoskie decided to take a break for a while, and headed down to Argentina for some rest and relaxation.(又开了三家公司之后，年仅29岁的麦斯基觉得工作有点累了，于是决定休息一下，前往阿根廷放松一下 )”可知，Blake Mycoskie去阿根廷只是为了短暂休息一下。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段的“So he came up with the idea of TOMS: One for One shoes. He would take the alpargata to America,produce it, and sell it as a high-end fashion item at around $50 a pair. Quite a lot for a canvas shoe you might say, but for each pair he sold, another pair would be donated to village children.That way he could guarantee a continuing supply and also run the project as a business rather than as a charity.(于是他想到了TOMS：一双鞋换一双。他将把alpargata带到美国，进行生产，并将其作为一种高端时尚产品以大约50美元一双的价格出售。你可能会说，一双帆布鞋的价格相当高，但他每卖出一双，就会捐赠另一双给村里的孩子。这样一来，他既能保证持续供应，又能将该项目作为企业而不是慈善机构来运营)”可知，Mycoskie通过开展一个“一双鞋换一双”的鞋子项目来帮助当地的孩子。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段的“So he came up with the idea of TOMS: One for One shoes.(于是他想到了TOMS：一双鞋换一双)”可知，他是有创造力的；根据最后一段的“It has made a difference to millions of poor children around the world and brought him great satisfaction.(它改变了世界各地数以百万计的贫困儿童，给他带来了极大的满足)”可知，他给贫困儿童捐鞋，说明他是有爱心的，因此可以用“Creative and caring”来描述Mycoskie。故选B。 （21-22高二下·北京海淀·期末）Ashish, the 48-year-old surgeon encourages others to do the same through Bloodline, a nonprofit association he founded in 2017. Besides this, he donates blood regularly. According to Ashish, who has been a doctor at a United Family Healthcare hospital in Shanghai since 2007, Bloodline is aimed at creating a blood bank that can help the community as well as individuals with rare blood types who face an urgent need for blood. “My father, a doctor who specialized in treating chest infections, only charged those who could afford the medical treatment. For those who couldn’t pay, he never mentioned money and instead gave them the drugs for free.” he says. During his growing up years, Ashish was also exposed to social services, helping collect food and money for a local children’s hospital. Ashish first donated blood when he was 18. After arriving in China in 2003, Ashish learned mandarin at Fudan University in Shanghai before becoming a graduate student in general surgery at Shanghai Huashan Hospital. Here, he continued participating in blood donation drives as his way of giving back to society. In 2011, he became a volunteer at the Shanghai Blood Center where he helped raise public awareness about blood donations. The idea of setting up an online community for this cause came in 2013 as he believed that there should be a group of expats who get together voluntarily to work with patients and organize regular gatherings to raise public awareness. In 2017, this community was officially registered as Bloodline. “Our organization currently has a presence in 14 cities, including Beijing, Dalian, and Guangzhou. It’s often a small group of people in each city but they can help a great deal.” says Ashish, who holds the roles of ambassador and director of the foreign volunteers group at the Shanghai Blood Center. Ashish has also emphasize the importance of raising awareness of their causes in children, noting that people from the younger generations are more receptive to the idea of donating blood. Bloodline is currently planning to launch a junior club within the organization where youth will get to tour blood donation centers, witness how the blood is dealt, who the end users are, and the difference that they can make to the lives of those in need of blood. “We come from different countries and have different skin colors, but the blood streaming through our bodies is the same. When there is a need to roll up sleeves and save lives, we will step forward bravely.” he says. 1．The goal of Bloodline is to ________. A．set up a blood bank that can help the community B．raise money for the charity C．assist children in local hospitals D．help poor people reduce their financial burden 2．What can we infer about Ashish through the whole passage? He ________. A．benefited from blood donation himself B．got his medical degree in FuDan University C．got the idea of founding Bloodline from his father D．helped collect food and money for a local children’s hospital 3．What message does the passage convey to us? A．Giving is receiving B．Hard work leads to success. C．One needs to return the favor. D．Love is without boundaries. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ashish于2017年建立一个非盈利组织 Bloodline，目的是建立一个血液银行，来帮助社区和个人。同时文章也讲述了Ashish从小就做一些善举。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Bloodline is aimed at creating a blood bank that can help the community as well as individuals with rare blood types who face an urgent need for blood.”(Bloodline目的是要创建一个血液银行，可以帮助社区和有罕见血型急需输血的个人。)可知，Bloodline的目标是建立一个血液银行来帮助社区，故选A。 2.推理判断题。根据第四段“During his growing up years, Ashish was also exposed to social services, helping collect food and money for a local children’s hospital.”(在他成长的过程中，Ashish也接触过社会服务，他帮助当地儿童医院募集食物和资金。)可知，他帮助当地儿童医院募集食物和资金，故选D。 3.推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了Ashish于2017年建立一个非盈利组织 Bloodline，目的是建立一个血液银行，来帮助社区和个人。同时文章也讲述了Ashish从小就做一些善举。根据最后一段“We come from different countries and have different skin colors, but the blood streaming through our bodies is the same. When there is a need to roll up sleeves and save lives, we will step forward bravely.” he says.”(“我们来自不同的国家，有不同的肤色，但是我们身体内血液是一样的。当有需要卷起袖子救人时，我们会勇敢向前。”他说。）可知，文章传达给我们的信息是爱是没有界限的，故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$