专题24 重点词汇辨析(讲义)-2025年小升初英语复习讲练测(全国通用版)
小升初英语专题总复习
专题二十四 重点词汇辨析
考点 ① | 常见近义词辨析 |
1.look, see, watch, read
(1)look指提醒别人,引起注意的“看”。如:
Look! There is a bird near the blackboard.看!黑板旁边有只鸟。
注意:look后不能直接接名词,必须和at连用才能接名词,表示提醒别人看某物或某人。如:
Look at me, please.请看着我。
(2)see强调“看”的结果,是“看见”之意。看见一样东西用see不用look。如:
You can see a dog under the bed.你可以看见床底下有一只狗。
(3) watch意为“注视”,指仔细地观察。如:
I am watching the boy.我在注视着这个男孩。
(4) read指“阅读”。如:
I am reading a book now.我现在在看书。
She often reads storybooks in the evening.她经常在晚上看故事书。
一、用 look、see、watch、read的适当形式填空。
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1. Jenny's sister ________ a book in her room.
2. Please ________ the blackboard, boys and girls.
3. What other things can you ________ on the table?
4. ________! What are they doing under the tree?
5. My brother and I are ________ TV.
6. Are they ________ a football game?
(参考答案在文档末)
2.say, speak, tell, talk
(1)say意思是“说,讲”,着重指说话的内容,常作及物动词,后面跟宾语。如:
He said something that I didn't know.他说了某件我不知道的事。
(2)speak指说话、演讲。着重强调说的动作,不注重说的内容,一般作不及物动词。作及物动词时所接的宾语只能是语言或真理、事实(truth)。如:
Can you speak Chinese?你会说汉语吗?
(3)tell指告诉、讲。着重强调是一人对另一人说的话,后面要跟双宾语,即先跟听话人(后接人称代词宾格或人名),再接说话的内容。如:
My mother told me a story yesterday. 我妈妈昨天给我讲了一个故事。
(4) talk指说话、交谈。着重强调交谈,后面通常接介词about、with、to等,再接说话的内容。如:
They are talking about the film.他们正在谈论那部电影。
二、用say, tell, speak, talk, address的适当形式填空
1. He ________ he is hungry.
2. My mother often ________ me stories before bedtime.
3. Can you ________ French?
4. They are ________ about their plans for the weekend.
3.borrow, lend
(1) borrow从主语角度讲是“借来,借进”,常用短语为“borrow sth. from sb.”。如:
She borrowed some books from your sister.她从你姐姐那里借来了一些书。
(2) lend从主语角度讲是“借出”,常用短语为“lend sth. to sb.”或“lend sb.sth.”。如:
He lends a pen to me./ He lends me a pen.他把钢笔借给了我。
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三、根据所给中文提示完成下列句子。
1. Could you ________ me your dictionary?(你能借我你的字典吗?)
2. Students can ________ up to 5 books from the school library.(学生最多可从图书馆借5本书。)
4.correct, right
(1)correct作形容词时意为“正确的,恰当的”;作动词时意为“纠正”。如:
He is correct in saying so.他那样说是对的。
The student can't correct the mistake. 这个学生不能纠正这个错误。
(2)right强调正确性,不可以作动词,另有“右边;右方的”之意。如:
You are right.你是对的。
My bag is on the right. 我的包在右侧。
5.news, message
(1)news强调具有新闻性的消息和报道。如:
Your teacher is in the news.你的老师在新闻里。
(2) message常指口信、书面留言、电文等。如:
I have a message for you from Lily.我这儿有莉莉给你的口信。
四、从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空。
1.There is some ________ about the concert in the school newspaper.
2.Could you please take a ________ for Lisa?
6.question, problem
(1)question意思较广,一般指需要解答或回答的问题。如:
They asked a great many questions about England.他们问了一大堆有关英格兰的问题。
(2)problem指存在需要解决的问题或物理、数学中的难题。如:
I can't solve this maths problem. 我解不出这道数学题。
五、用question, problem完成句子:
1.他正在想一道数学难题。
He is thinking about a maths _________.
2.这个问题很难被解决。
The ________ is difficult to be solved.
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3.我可以问你一些问题吗?
May I ask you some ________?
4.问题是如何为工程筹集资金。
The ________ is how to get the money for the project.
5.现在仔细听我说然后回答我的问题。
Now listen to me carefully and answer my _______.
7.answer, reply
(1)answer用法较普遍,指书面或口头答复。如:
I called, but no one answered. 我打了电话,但是没人接听。
(2)reply较正式,指经过考虑后的答复。对……做出回复 reply to=answer如:
"I don't have time to talk with you," he replied.“我没有时间跟你交谈。”他回答道。
六、单项选择。
( )The students______but didn't______my question.
A. answered, reply B. replied, answer C. replied, replied
8.sick, ill
(1)sick指“生病”的意思时,可作表语、定语。如:
She is looking after her sick father.她在照顾她生病的父亲。
(2)ill表示“有病的,不健康的”时只作表语,一般不作定语。但当它表示“坏的;邪恶的”等意思时,只能作定语,不能作表语。如:
His mother is ill.他妈妈病了。
He is a ill man.他是一个邪恶的人。
七、用sick或ill填空。
1.She is ________ in bed.
2.The smell makes me ________.
9.big, large
(1)big较口语化,指事物面积或体积的大小。如:
The box is too big to carry. 这个盒子太大拿不动。
(2) large指巨大,在表示数量大时用large,而不用big。如:
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