第三部分主题群七主题语境28 主要国家地理概况-【创新教程】2026年高考英语总复习大一轮课件PPT（话题版）

2025-09-15

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主题语境28　主要国家地理概况第三部分人与自然主题群七自然生态下一页上一页返回导航高考总复习英语（H）主题群七自然生态话题语料基础复盘语基验收复盘共赢 01 02 考点精研高效练通 03 课时作业 06 提能加餐素养培优 04 写作微练双向提能 05 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4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND [Part 1]　识记重点单词 [第一组] 1．antique/æn'tik/ n．古物；古董 adj.古老的；古董的 2．approximately/ə'prɒksImətli/ adv.大约；大概 3．awesome/'ɔsəm/ adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的 4．barbecue/'bɑbIkju/ n．户外烧烤；烤架 5．booth/buð/ n．公用电话间；货摊；售货亭 6．border/'bɔdə(r)/ n．国界；边界(地区) 7．bound/baʊnd/ adj.很有可能，肯定会 8．desire/dI'zaIə(r)/ n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 9．cover/kʌvə(r)/ v．覆盖，遮盖；包括；报道；占(一片面积)；行走(一段路程)；足够支付 n．覆盖物；盖子；封面 10．desert/'dezət/ n．沙漠；荒原 vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃 11．dock/dɒk/ n．码头 vi.驶入码头 12．domain/də'meIn/ n．领域；领土，领地；范围 13．downstream/daʊn'strim/ adv.向下游；随波而下 14．equator/I'kweItə(r)/ n．赤道 15．fence/fens/ n．篱笆，栅栏 16．forbid/fə'bId/ vt.(forbad/forbade；forbidden)禁止 17．getaway/'ɡetəweI/ n．适合度假的地方 18．harbour/'hɑbə(r)/ (especially US harbor)n.(海)港；港口 19．hatch/hætʃ/ n．舱口；舱门 vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋 20．highlight/'haIlaIt/ n．最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出；强调；使醒目 21．hollow/'hɒləʊ/ adj.中空的；空心的 22．iconic/aI'kɒnIk/ adj.符号的；图标的；象征性的，代表性的 23．joint/dʒɔInt/ n．关节；娱乐场所 adj.联合的；共同的再次背诵时间：　　月　　日 [第二组] 24．liberty/'lIbəti/ n．自由 25．literally/'lItərəli/ adv.字面上；真正地 26．mammal/'mæm(ə)l/ n．哺乳动物 27．monument/'mɒnjʊmənt/ n．纪念馆；纪念碑；历史遗迹 28．multicultural/mʌlti'kʌltʃərəl/ adj.多种文化的 29．nest/nest/ n．巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 30．owe/əʊ/ vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；归因于 31．peak/pik/ n. 顶峰；山峰；尖形 adj.高峰时期的 32．phase/feIz/ n．阶段；时期 33．premier/'premiə(r)/ adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的 n．总理，首相 34．proceed/prə'siːd/ vi.行进；继续做；前往 35．scenery/'sinəri/ n．风景；景色 36．session/'seʃ(ə)n/ n．一场；一段时间；会议 37．shore/ʃɔ (r)/ n．(海、湖、河等的)岸 38．slogan/'sləʊɡən/ n．标语；口号 39．steep/stip/ adj.陡峭的；险峻的 40．strait/streIt/ n．海峡 41．Sydney/'sIdni/ n．悉尼 42．trunk/trʌŋk/ n．树干 43．urban/'ɜbən/ adj.城市的；都市的 44．valley/'væli/ n．山谷再次背诵时间：　　月　　日 [第三组] 45．astonish/ə'stɒnIʃ/ vt.使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 46．breath/breθ/ n．呼吸的空气→breathe v．呼吸 47．broad/brɔd/ adj.宽阔的；广泛的→broaden v．(使)变宽；扩大影响；变开阔 48．capacity/kə'pæsəti/ n．能力；容量→capable adj.能干的；能力强的 49．during/'djʊərIŋ/ prep.在……期间→duration n．持续时间；期间 50．found/faʊnd/ vt.创办；创建；建立→founder n．创建者；创始人→ foundation n．创建；基础 51．free/fri/ adj.免费的；自由的；不受约束的 vt.使自由；解放；释放→freely adv.自由地；自如地→freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态 52．freeze/friz/ vi.&vt. (froze；frozen)结冰；(使)冻住 n．冰冻期；霜冻→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→ frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 53．hill/hIl/ n．小山；丘陵；斜坡→hilly adj.多山的；丘陵起伏的 54．impress/Im'pres/ vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的→impression n．印象；感想 55．license/'laIs(ə)ns/ vt.批准；许可 n．(＝licence)许可证；执照→licensed adj.得到正式许可的再次背诵时间：　　月　　日 [第四组] 56．locate/ləʊ'keIt/ vt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)→ located adj.处于的，位于的；坐落于的→location n．地点；位置 57．mist/mIst/ n．薄雾；水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的 58．mountain/'maʊntən/ n．山；大山；山区；山脉→mountainous adj.多山的 59．narrow/'nærəʊ/ v．(使)变狭窄；缩小 adj.窄小的；狭窄的；勉强的→narrowly adv.勉强地；差点儿(没)；仔细地 60．please/pliz/ v．(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleasant adj.令人愉快的；宜人的；友好的→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n．快乐；乐趣；乐事 61．remain/rI'meIn/ v．保持；留下；遗留；逗留→remains n．遗物；遗迹；遗骸；剩余物→remaining adj.剩余的 62．temporary/'temp(ə)rəri/ adj.暂时的；短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.暂时地；临时地 63．violent/'vaIələnt/ adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.粗暴地；强烈地→violence n．暴力；暴行再次背诵时间：　　月　　日 [Part 2]　熟背核心短语 1．in the distance 在远处 2．dry up 枯竭；耗尽；干涸 3．peak season 高峰季节 4．prime minister 首相；总理 5．geothermal park 地热公园 6．contrary to 相反的；相对立的 7．historic landmark 历史地标；历史遗迹 8．historical insights 历史见解；历史洞察力 9．settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于 10．a string of 一串 11．at the edge of 在……的边缘 12．have a gift for 对……有天赋 13．be home to 为……的所在地；是……的家乡 14．a flock of 一群 15．take sb.'s breath away 令人惊叹；使某人大吃一惊 16．a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 17．in contact with 保持联系；有联系 18．owe sth. to sb. 欠(某人情) ；把……归功于某人 19．be impressed with...对……印象深刻 20．play a part/role in 在……中起作用；扮演角色再次背诵时间：　　月　　日 [Part 3]　存储经典句式 1．can't wait to do sth.我迫不及待地去做某事 I can't wait to see all of them！我迫不及待地要去见他们了！(人教选四UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS) 2．不定式短语作目的状语 To find out the answer，I just had to go and see The Revenge of Prince Zidan—the Peking Opera version of Hamlet.为了找到答案，我只好去观看《王子复仇记》——京剧版的《哈姆雷特》。(外研必二Unit 4 Stage and screen) 3．what引导主语从句 What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.我想要的是简单地生活并能帮助别人。(北师选一UNIT 2 SUCCESS) 4．There be sb./sth.＋非谓语动词(短语) I miss my friends from junior high school，but I believe I will make new friends here，and there's a lot to explore at senior high.我想念我初中的朋友，但我相信我会在这里结交新朋友，在高中有很多值得探索的地方。(人教必一WELCOME UNIT) 再次背诵时间：　　月　　日 Part 1　分类识记单词——用时少·功效高阅读单词·知其意 1.antique n．　古物；古董　 adj.　古老的；古董的　 2．approximately adv.　大约；大概　 3．awesome adj.　令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的　 4．border n．　国界；边界(地区)　 5．equator n．　赤道　 6.fence n．　篱笆，栅栏　 7．harbour n．　(海)港；港口　 8．hatch n．&vi.　孵出；破壳　 vt.　使孵出　 9．highlight n．　最好或最精彩的部分　 vt.　突出；强调；使醒目　 10．liberty n．　自由　 11.mammal n．　哺乳动物　 12．monument n．　纪念馆；纪念碑　 13．proceed vi.　行进；继续做；前往　 14．session n．　一场；一段时间；会议　 15．slogan n．　标语；口号核心单词·练其通 [记准记牢] 1.　bound　 adj.很有可能，肯定会 2．　cover　 v．覆盖，遮盖；包括；报道；占(一片面积)；行走(一段路程)；足够支付 n．覆盖物；盖子；封面 3．　desert　 n．沙漠；荒原 vt.遗弃；抛弃；放弃 4．　desire　 n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 5．　forbid　 vt.(forbad/forbade；forbidden)禁止 6．　hollow　 adj.中空的；空心的 7．　joint　 n．关节；娱乐场所 adj.联合的；共同的 8．　scenery　 n．风景；景色 9．　steep　 adj.陡峭的；险峻的 10．　strait　 n．海峡 11．　trunk　 n．树干 12．　urban　 adj.城市的；都市的 13．　valley　 n．山谷 [用准用活] 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．In order to protect our resources of ecology，our government should pass laws and 　forbid　 people to hunt the animals in danger. 2．Moreover, the 　scenery　 along the river is amazing with many wellknown sightseeing spots. 3．But 30 years later, the BMI difference between 　urban　 and rural people in many countries had narrowed sharply. 4．I believe my sister is 　bound　 to show interest in the photos taken here when I return to Australia. 5．As a result of destroying the forests，a large quantity of 　desert　 has covered the land in the last few years. 6．The squirrel disappeared into a 　hollow　 hole at the base of the tree. 拓展单词·用其活 [记准记牢] 1.　astonish　 vt.使吃惊→　astonishing　 adj.令人惊讶的→　astonished　 adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→　astonishment　 n．惊讶 2．　breath　 n．呼吸的空气→　breathe　 v．呼吸 3．　broad　 adj.宽阔的；广泛的→　broaden　 v．(使)变宽；扩大影响；变开阔 4．　capable　 adj.能干的；能力强的→　capacity　 n．能力；容量 5．　found　 vt.创办；创建；建立→　founder　 n．创建者；创始人→ 　foundation　 n．创建；基础 6．　free　 adj.免费的；自由的；不受约束的 vt.使自由；解放；释放→ 　freely　 adv.自由地，自如地→　freedom　 n．自由；不受……影响的状态 7．　freeze　 vi.&vt. (froze；frozen)结冰；(使)冻住 n．冰冻期；霜冻→　freezing　 adj.极冷的；冰冻的→ 　frozen　 adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 8．　hill　 n．小山；丘陵；斜坡→　hilly　 adj.多山的；丘陵起伏的 9．　impress　 vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目→　impressive　 adj.令人印象深刻的→ 　impression　 n．印象；感想 10．　license　 vt.批准；许可 n．(＝licence)许可证；执照→　licensed　 adj.得到正式许可的 11．　locate　 vt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)→ 　located　 adj.处于的，位于的；坐落于的→　location　 n．地点；位置 12．　mist　 n．薄雾；水汽→　misty　 adj.多雾的；模糊的 13．　mountain　 n．山；大山；山区；山脉→　mountainous　 adj.多山的 14．　narrow　 v．(使)变狭窄；缩小 adj.窄小的；狭窄的；勉强的→　narrowly　 adv.勉强地；差点儿(没)；仔细地 15．　please　 v．(使)高兴；(使)满意→　pleasant　 adj.令人愉快的；宜人的；友好的→　pleased　 adj.高兴的；满意的→　pleasure　 n．快乐；乐趣；乐事 16．　remain　 v．保持；留下；遗留；逗留→　remains　 n．遗物；遗迹；遗骸；剩余物→　remaining　 adj.剩余的 17．　temporary　 adj.暂时的；短暂的；临时的→　temporarily　 adv.暂时地；临时地 18．　violent　 adj.暴力的；猛烈的→　violently　 adv. 粗暴地；强烈地→　violence　 n．暴力；暴行 [用准用活] 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1．Respect and friendship provide a solid 　foundation　(found) for marriage. 2．Sofia looked around at all the faces：she had the 　impression　(impress)that she had seen most of the guests before. 3．It is said that he 　narrowly　 (narrow)escaped being killed in the traffic accident the other day. 4．It does serious harm to children's character that too much 　violence　 (violent) is shown on television. 5．　Located　(locate) at the west end of Singapore, the park has a lot of room for visitors to walk around. 6．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing (astonish) potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AIpowered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. 7．The mountain climbing race was put off because of the 　freezing　(freeze)weather conditions. 8．At 　licensed　 (license)zoos, koalas hanging onto tree trunks can be touched for only a little time and on a limited frequency of occasions. 9．I'll be extremely 　pleased　 (please)if you can consider my recommendation. 10．I became out of 　breath　(breathe)and the once injured ankle hurt badly. 11．As a result，spending a year working in the big city helped to 　broaden　(broad)his horizons. 12．Limited resources are restricting our 　capacity　(capable)for developing new products. 13．Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and 　freedom　(free) to them. 14．And the next step is to remove the last 　remaining　 (remain) invading species with dogs without harming the native animals. 15．The water supply has been cut off 　temporarily　 (temporary) because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes. ►上串下联 · 规律探寻由strait带你去畅游后缀sion高频名词集锦 ①canal n．　　运河 ②reservoir n. 水库 ③pool n. 池塘 ④ocean n. 海洋 ⑤stream n. 小溪 ⑥channel n. 海峡 ①impression　　　印象 ②admission 承认；允许进入 ③possession 拥有 ④conclusion 结论 ⑤confusion 困惑；混淆 ⑥permission 允许；许可 Part 2　分组背练短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先记牢 ●[第一组]　汉译英 1．　dry up　　枯竭；耗尽；干涸 2．　settle down　定居；平静下来；专心于 3．　contrary to　相反的；相对立的 4．　in the distance　在远处 5．　in contact with　保持联系；有联系 6．　owe sth. to sb.　欠(某人情) ；把……归功于某人 ●[第二组]　英译汉 1．at the edge of　　　　　在……的边缘　 2．have a gift for 　对……有天赋　 3．be home to 　为……的所在地；是……的家乡　 4．take sb.'s breath away 　令人惊叹；使某人大吃一惊　 5．be impressed with 　对……印象深刻　 6．play a part/role in 　在……中起作用；扮演角色　再用准选用左栏短语的正确形式填空 1．I 　have a gift for　 language，so I like to major in English in college. 2．Staring at the kite until it disappeared in the beautiful field 　in the distance　，he felt lost by a flow of various emotions. 3．　Contrary to　 common belief，the research shows that taking a walk immediately after a meal isn't necessary good for our health. 4．Shangrila is really a beauty, which 　is home to　 many kinds of rare birds and animals. 5．When asked about the reason for winning the prize, the girl 　owed　 the success 　to　 her teachers. 6．He was tired of travelling here and there and made up his mind to 　settle down　 in China. ►上串下联 · 规律探寻 “动词＋down”短语荟萃 “be＋过去分词＋with”结构一览 ①settle down　定居；平静下来 ②bring down 降低 ③slow down 慢下来 ④break down 出故障；身体累垮 ⑤turn down 拒绝；关小 ⑥cut down 削减；砍倒 ①be impressed with　　　　　对……印象深刻 ②be satisfied with 对……满意 ③be equipped with 配备有…… ④be crowded with 挤满…… ⑤be covered with 被……覆盖 Part 3　句式教材迁移——汇教材·背典句句型公式融汇教材 can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地去做某事 With the new term coming，　I can't wait to meet my classmates　 (我迫不及待地想见到我的同学们)．(全国甲卷满分作文) 不定式短语作目的状语 What's more，they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise 　to stay energetic and fit　 (来保持精力和健康)．(译林必一Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good) what引导主语从句　What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then　(早先开始作为中国移民的住宅区的地方) turned into a centre for Chinese culture.(人教必三UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES) There be sb./sth.＋非谓语动词(短语) However, some survived these terrible times, and today 　there are more Native Americans living in California　 (有更多的印第安人居住在加州)than in any other state of America.(人教必三UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES) [Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透] 1．bound adj.很有可能，肯定会 be bound to do一定会，必定会，很可能会；有义务做，有责任做 be bound for前往……的 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 ①You have done an excellent job and are bound 　to be admitted　 (admit)into the company. ②The train bound 　for　 New York is piled with goods. [二维写美]——应用文写作之建议信 ③我必须告诉你，你缺席会议是不明智的。　I am bound to say　 your absence from the meeting is unwise. 2．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 (1)have a desire to do sth./for sth.渴望做某事/得到某物 have little/no desire to do sth.不愿意做某事 (2)desire (sb.) to do sth.渴望/希望(某人)做某事 desire that ... (should) do sth.渴望……做某事 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 ①It is obvious that he is not ambitious and has no desire 　for　 success. ②We desire that immediate help 　(should) be given　(give) to the people trapped by the flood. ③The foreign students were greatly impressed by those forms of Chinese art and desired 　to learn　(learn) more about them. [二维写美]——应用文写作之建议信 ④既然你有强烈的学习中国文化的愿望，我建议你申请北京大学。 Since 　you have a strong desire to learn Chinese culture　，I suggest you apply for Peking University. [三维学考对接]——单句语法填空 ⑤(2024·北京卷)By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire 　for 　independence. 3．astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 (1)be astonished at/by sth.因/对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶 (2)astonish vt.　　　　　使吃惊 to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 ①When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an 　astonishing　(astonish)variety of wildlife. ②Lindsey's husband 　was astonished　 (astonish) by the unexpected visit. ③He was astonished 　to see　(see) how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years. [二维写美]——一句多译 ④使我特别惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字。 →　Much to my astonishment　，she still remembered my name.(astonishment) →　What astonished me most was that　 she still remembered my name.(astonish) 4．capacity n．能力；容量 (1)have capacity to do sth.有(做)某事的能力 in one's capacity as＝in the capacity of 作为……；以……资格、身份或职位 (2)capable adj.能干的；能力强的 be capable of (doing) sth.有(做)某事的能力 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 ①I firmly believe you have the capacity 　to create　 (create) your own happiness. ②The mission made China the fifth country capable 　of　 building and launching its own carrier rocket to reach Earth's orbit. ③In order to adapt to the development of the times, human beings must have the capacity 　for　 lifelong learning. [二维写美]——同义句转换 ④I believe she can take care of herself. →I believe she 　has the capacity to take　 care of herself. (capacity) →I believe she 　is capable of taking　 care of herself. (capable) →I believe she 　is able to take　 care of herself. (able) [三维学考对接]——单句语法填空 ⑤(2024·北京卷)These abilities are strengthened by our 　capacity 　(capable)for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways. 5．free adj.免费的；自由的；不受约束的 vt.使自由；解放；释放 (1)be free to do sth.　自由做某事 set...free 使获得自由；释放 free from/of...不受……的影响 (2)freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态 have a/the freedom of.../to do sth. 有(做)……的自由 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 ①She gives me the 　freedom　 (free)to make mistakes and to learn from them all. ②It is impossible to keep the kids free 　from/of　 danger, so parents should tell the kids what they should do when danger happens. ③Besides, every student is free 　to participate　 (participate) in them to their taste. [二维写美]——应用文写作之环境保护 ④保持环境清洁和无污染是健康生活的关键步骤。 Keeping the environment clean and 　free of pollution　 is the key step to make life healthy. [三维学考对接]——典句赏析 ⑤(2022·全国乙卷)Fruit juices, milkbased drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax，... 以果汁、牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，…… 6．impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目 (1)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(impress sth.on/upon sb.,impress sb.with sth.)) eq \a\vs4\al(使某人牢,记某事) be impressed by/at/with...对……印象深刻 (2)impression n．印象；感想 make/ leave a(n)．..impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象 (3)impressive adj.令人印象深刻的 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 ①My first 　impression　 (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. ②What is even more 　impressive　 (impress) to me is Shanxi's mountains, rivers and beautiful natural scenery. ③My father impressed me 　with　 the value of hard work，which has been benefiting me over years. [二维写美]—— 读后续写之情绪描写 ④观众被他的精彩表演所折服，站起来热烈鼓掌。　Impressed by his wonderful performance　， the audience were on their feet, applauding wildly. [三维学考对接]——典句赏析 ⑤(2022·全国甲卷)Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has. 南极洲给我留下了一种其他任何地方都没有的印象。 7．in the distance在远处 (1)within walking distance　　走着就能到 from a distance 从远处 keep one's distance from...与……保持距离；疏远…… (2)distant adj. 遥远的；冷淡的 be distant from距……很远；与……不同 [一维练透]——单句语法填空 ①In a 　distant　(distance) country in Africa，he found his root. ②The little girl was warned to keep her distance 　from　 the bad boy if she didn't want to get hurt. [二维写美]——应用文写作之建议信 ③你也可以参观城市博物馆，从你住的酒店走着就能到。 You can also visit the city museum，　which is within walking distance　 of the hotel where you stay. [三维学考对接]——典句赏析 ④(2022·全国乙卷)Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in longdistance friendships. 周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。 [Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移] 1．what引导主语从句 (教材对接)What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.我想要的是简单地生活并能帮助别人。(北师选一UNIT 2 SUCCESS) ①当what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。 ②what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义常表示“……的东西/样子/事情等”；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。 [写作迁移]——微写作 ①我们都知道，烟草中含有尼古丁和其他有害物质。　What is known to us　 is that tobacco contains nicotine(尼古丁) and other harmful substances. ②他在会上说的话使在场的每个人都很惊讶。　What he said at the meeting　 astonished everybody present. ③这就是我父亲教给我的——我总是要面对困难和抱有最好的希望。 This is 　what my father has taught me　—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 2．There be sb./sth.＋非谓语动词(短语) (教材对接) However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state of America.然而，有些人挺过了这段可怕的时期，如今居住在加州的印第安人比美国其他任何一个州都多。(人教必三UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES) [写作迁移]——微写作/句型转换 ①我们在日常生活中浪费了很多物质。　There is much material wasted　 in our daily life. ②还有许多工作要做。所以我们最好快点。　There is much work to do　. So we had better hurry. ③There are many factors which account for his success. →　There are many factors accounting for his success　.(变为简单句) [培优1]　多维练通活运用一、阅读障碍破除 Ⅰ.熟词生义快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的含义 1．I just bought this awesome new CD and I like it very much.　极好的　 2．It would not be easy to cover ten miles on that amount of petrol.　行走(一段路程)　 3．Highlight the chosen area by clicking and holding down the left mouse button.　标出；突出显示　 4．After two late night sessions, the Security Council has failed to reach agreement. 　会议　 5．Always take care when driving down steep hills of the road.　斜坡　 Ⅱ.一词多义根据语境选出加黑词汇的词性和词义 1．highlight A．n.最好或最精彩的部分　B．vt.突出；强调　C．vt.使醒目 ①The report highlights the major problems facing society today.　 B 　 ②I have highlighted the important passages in yellow. 　 C 　 ③The highlights of the match will be shown later this evening.　 A 　 2．freeze A．vt.冷冻，贮藏　B．vi.结冰　C．vt.冻结 ①When the lake freezes, we can go skating on it.　 B 　 ②I'll freeze any food that's left over.　　 A ③The governor's action freezes 300,000 accounts.　 C 　二、语境创新应用文中加黑词汇为本话题中的重点词汇 Australia,1.　located　 (locate) to the south of the equator, is famous for its iconic creatures and grand sites. There are so many delicious openair barbecues, bakeries, fastfood joints, butcher shops and restaurants 2.　which/that　 offer some of the premier food experiences in the world. The kangaroo has a wide 3.　distribution　(distribute) throughout the country. Baby kangaroos live 4.　temporarily　(temporary)in the pouch for a phase of seven or eight months. At licensed zoos, koalas hanging onto tree trunks can 5.　be touched　 (touch) for only a little time and on a limited frequency of occasions. A primitive mammal with a unique biology, the duckbilled platypus 6.　lays　(lay) eggs in a nest, which can hatch in ten days. It has a capacity 7.　to find　(find) food by using electrical sensors in its bill, which only a handful 8.　of　 animals in the world can do. The straightforward prime minister sponsors a campaign to protect wild animals' 9.　freedom　( free) and liberty in their natural domain. In a word, Australia is 10.　an　 ideal getaway visited by numerous travelers at peak seasons. Australia's tourism slogan is as follows：There's nothing like Australia. [培优2]　高考语篇培素养——Topic：主要国家地理概况 ◆真题文本 (全国卷)Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are，like a nearby port or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City，for example，is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896，Dawson，Canada，was unmapped wilderness(荒野)．But gold was discovered there in 1897，and two years later，it was one of the largest cities in the West，with a population of 30,000. Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snowcovered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers.The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning.An avalanche(雪崩)once closed the path，killing 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson，however，the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first 20，000 people who dug for gold,4,000 got rich.About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives. But no matter how rich they were，Dawson was never comfortable.Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.But soon，the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down，and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska，they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.Today，people still come and go—to see where the Canadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City—its present population is 762. ◆真题再做 1.What attracted the early settlers to New York City？ A.Its business culture. B.Its small population. C.Its geographical position. D.Its favourable climate. 2.What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson？ A.Twothirds of them stayed there. B.One out of five people got rich. C.Almost everyone gave up. D.Half of them died. 3.What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson？ A.They found the city too crowded. B.They wanted to try their luck elsewhere. C.They were unable to stand the winter. D.They were short of food. 4.What is the text mainly about？ A.The rise and fall of a city. B.The gold rush in Canada. C.Journeys into the wilderness. D.Tourism in Dawson. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大城市——道森市的历史、发展与现状。 1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，纽约市吸引早期定居者之处就是它靠近哈德逊河入海口，交通和贸易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，在最先的两万名淘金者中，有4 000人变得富有了，即有五分之一的人变得富有了。] 3．B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The city was crowded ...as they had come.”可知，人们离开道森去阿拉斯加碰运气了。] 4．A　[主旨大意题。文章第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，并引出道森这一城市的兴起；第二段介绍了道森兴起的原因；第三段介绍了道森的衰落和现状，由此可知，文章主要讲述了加拿大城市道森的兴衰。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．have a good reason for　有充分的理由　 2．with a population of　有……人口　 3．make it to　赶上；成功到达　 4．(be) crowded with　挤满；拥挤　 5．the Canadian gold rush　加拿大淘金热　 6．one out of five　五分之一　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．naturally adv.　天然地；自然地　 2．harbour n．　海港，港口　 3．boom n．　繁荣　 4．snowcovered adj.　被雪覆盖的　 5．necessity n．　必需品；必需的事物　 6．tourism n．　旅游业　 7．chief adj.　首席的；主要的　 8．geographical adj.　地理的　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) mouth A．口，嘴　　　　　B．入海口，河口 C．需要供养的人 D．入口；开口 1．New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.　 B 　 2．Don't talk with your mouth full when eating.　 A 　 3．Now there would be another mouth to feed.　 C 　 ◆长句缩写 The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down，and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. [句子剖析]　请将句中的“枝叶”(名词短语、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、从句)去掉，留下“主干”(主谓宾或主系表)。 The city was crowded with (disappointed)people (with no interest in settling down)，and (when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska), they left (Dawson City)(as quickly as they had come)． [句子缩写]　　The city was crowded with people and they left.　(不超过10个单词) Part 1　应用文写作话题练 ●[Step 1]　练表达——夯基固本根据汉语提示完成句子 ①得知你自从毕业后一直梦想到中国游玩，并已决定到中国来，我很高兴。 I'm delighted to learn that you 　have dreamt about visiting China ever since graduation　 and that you 　have made up your mind to　 come to China. ②对于你的到来，我感到非常兴奋，并迫不及待地给你以下推荐。 I'm excited about your coming, so I 　can hardly wait to give　 you some recommendations. ③相比泰山之旅，我更喜欢长江之行。 I 　prefer the tour along the Yangtze River to　 the trip to Mount Tai. ④通过长江之行，你会更好地了解中国的历史及其风土人情。(一般将来时) Through the trip to the Yangtze River, you 　will have a good knowledge of　 the history of China and its people. ⑤长江沿岸不仅风景非常迷人，而且空气呼吸起来很新鲜。(be＋adj.＋to do) 　The views along the river　 are not only very attractive but also the air　 is fresh to breathe　. ⑥那就是为什么我坚持认为长江之行将会是更好的选择。 That's why I 　insist that the trip along the Yangtze River　 will be a better choice. ●[Step 2]　学升级——亮人一眼改变句式结构以使表达升级 ①利用分词作状语升级句② 　Excited about your coming, I can hardly wait to give　 you some recommendations. ②利用强调句型升级句④ 　It is through the trip to the Yangtze River that　 you will have a good knowledge of the history of China and its people. ●[Step 3]　用衔接——完美成篇利用恰当的过渡词汇连句成篇 I'm delighted to learn that you have dreamt about visiting China ever since graduation and that you have made up your mind to come to China. Excited about your coming，I can hardly wait to give you some recommendations. Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River to the trip to Mount Tai. It is through the trip to the Yangtze River that you will have a good knowledge of the history of China and its people. In addition, the views along the river are not only very attractive but also the air is fresh to breathe. That's why I insist that the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice. Part 2　读后续写微技能28——情感描写之“恐惧”和“惊恐”(一) ●[Step 1]　场景续写词汇——语料累积形容词 afraid, alarmed，scared，scary，fearful，frightened，frightening, panicked，terrified, terrifying 名词/ 动词 fear，scare，fright，frighten, terror 固定短语 ①shake/tremble with fear/terror吓得发抖 ②scare/frighten ... to death把……吓死 ③a wave of fear一阵恐惧 ④freeze/be frozen with fear 吓呆傻 ⑤stand rooted to the spot with fear吓得呆若木鸡 ⑥be seized with panic 惊慌失措 ⑦be dead with fright吓得要死 ⑧with one's eyes full of horror眼睛里充满恐惧 ●[Step 2]　场景续写佳句——完成句子根据汉语提示完成句子 ①你无法想象北极熊向我们逼近时我们是多么恐惧。 You can not imagine 　how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear　.(形容词) ②恐惧的洪流完全控制了我，而我寸步难行。　A flood of fear held me entirely in its power　，and I was unable to move an inch.(名词作主语) ③惊恐之下，我觉得我两腿发抖，手心冒汗。　Extremely frightened　，I felt 　my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating　.(形容词短语作状语) ④我的妻子在我旁边，她被吓呆了，一动不动。 →My wife was beside me.　She was standing still, frozen with fear　.(分词作状语) →　Beside me was my wife, who was standing still, frozen with fear　.(用倒装句和定语从句) ⑤看着北极熊的血盆大口，她几乎吓晕过去。 →She looked at the polar bear's bloody mouth, and 　she was nearly dead with fright　.(并列句) →　Looking at the polar bear's bloody mouth, she was nearly dead with fright　.(非谓语动词作状语) ⑥一阵恐惧涌上她的心头，她喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。　A wave of fear swept over her　.Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak.(名词作主语＋动作描写) ●[Step 3]　过渡衔接美文——连句成篇将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。 You can not imagine how frightened we were at the approach of the polar bear. A flood of fear held me entirely in its power, and I was unable to move an inch. Extremely frightened, I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating. Then beside me was my wife, who was standing still, frozen with fear. Looking at the polar bear's bloody mouth, she was nearly dead with fright. A wave of fear swept over her. Her throat tightened and her knees felt weak. $$

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