专题08 概要写作 【期末必刷10篇】-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（上海）

2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题08 概要写作 1．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市杨浦区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语调研卷 Why Gen Z Is Leaving Cities for the Countryside In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of Gen Z individuals relocating from cities to the countryside. This generation, born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is known for its preference for experiences over material possessions and a desire to lead a more sustainable lifestyle. As a result, many young people are leaving urban areas in pursuit of a slower pace of life and closer connection with nature. The appeal of country living for Gen Z stems from multiple factors. Firstly, it offers a slower pace of life, which can be a welcome change from the hustle and bustle of city living. This can be particularly beneficial for those who struggle with anxiety or stress-related issues. Moreover, there is greater access to nature and outdoor activities such as hiking, camping and fishing. This not only promotes physical health but also helps to develop a deeper connection with the natural world. Also, living in the countryside often means lower living costs and less competition for jobs, making it an attractive option for those just starting out in their careers. Some believe that technology has completely captured the attention of the younger generation, and they are therefore reluctant to leave the conveniences and excitement of the modern city. Actually, it is precisely this technological advancement that has facilitated the shift towards rural living among Gen Z. With remote work becoming increasingly common, young adults are no longer tied to urban centers for employment. They can work from anywhere with a reliable internet connection. Additionally, social media platforms have made it easier for individuals to share their rural lifestyles and connect with others who have similar interests. This virtual community fosters a sense of belonging and encourages young people to explore and appreciate the natural beauty of countryside. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 Imperfection can be a gift We all want to do things well and for things to turn out right. However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. In fact, messing up can lead to some of the most interesting and meaningful outcomes. Aiming for results, whether that’s getting good school grades, shining in sport or acing an art project, can help you focus on your goals. However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety. That’s why it’s good to leave some room for errors and imperfections. Then if things don’t go as planned, it’s not a big deal and you may learn something new. Dr Vara is a psychologist who helps people take care of their mental health. She says getting things wrong is part of growing up. “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong. This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be too scared to make mistakes. This fear can lead to us putting off doing difficult things or avoiding trying new things.” It’s important to realise that making mistakes is common, which shows that it is impossible to be perfect and failure is normal. Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up. The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next. Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that you’re not a bad person for getting things wrong——you’re human. It might feel uncomfortable for a bit, then these feelings will pass and then you’ll bounce back.” Instead, think about what you might do differently next time. This has been proven to work. In one study, students who were reminded to forgive and be kind to themselves when they failed a test felt more motivated to try again. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 We Need to Take Meditation More Seriously as Medicine A new review study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice of mindful meditation can offer real help for patients with depression, anxiety, and pain. Dr. Madhav Goyal is the lead author of the recent JAMA study. He reviewed 47 clinical trials involving more than 3500 participants with mild anxiety or depression, and found that those who practiced mindful meditation saw a 5-10%improvement in anxiety symptoms and a 10-20% reduction in depressive symptoms. What’s most striking about the JAMA findings is that people weren’t meditating for very long. Many in the reviewed studies meditated for as little as 2. 5 hours per week for two months. As Dr. Goyal points out, because meditation is a skill that’s learned over time, it’s unlikely that the respondents reached a high level in a short time. So according to him, it’s reasonable to think that people would experience even greater benefits with more rigorous training and practice. Unfortunately though, it’s precisely those realities of meditation — that it is a state you can teach yourself to achieve and improve with discipline — that might weaken its validity (有效性) with physicians and patients. For example, professor Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University of California, Berkeley, believes some medical professionals may doubt the value of meditation because our culture has shifted so heavily in favor of quantitative measurement. “Medical doctors are practicing a form of science, and therefore expect to see scientific measurement,” Blum explains. “But how do you measure meditation?” In Dr. Goyal’s view, critics of meditation have a misunderstanding of what science is. It has nothing to do with molecules or drugs, he says. Rather, medical science is a “systematic exploration of what is not known”, whatever that may be — and areas like meditation desperately need more exploration, and the funding to do it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市闵行区2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题 What Is a Superiority Complex? A superiority complex is a behavior that suggests a person believes they are somehow superior to others. People with this complex often have overstated opinions of themselves. They may believe their abilities and achievements are better than those of others. However, the complex is believed to be a defense system for feelings of inadequacy that we all struggle with. It is unclear why a person develops a superiority complex. Multiple incidents may be the root cause. For example, it may be the result of many failures. A person tries to complete a specific goal or achieve a desired outcome, but they don’t succeed. They learn to handle the anxiety and stress of the failure by pretending to be above it. If they feel protected from their failures in this way, they may repeat this behavior in the future. These behaviors can begin at an early age. When a child is learning to cope with challenges, they may learn to control feelings of inadequacy or fear. A superiority complex may develop. Likewise, it may also happen later in life. As teens and adults, a person has many opportunities to try new things among new people. If these situations are not successfully coped with, a person may develop a superiority complex to overcome feeling isolated. People with a superiority complex are unlikely to be a threat to anyone’s physical health. However, the continuous lies and overstatements can become annoying to others and may negatively affect relationships. It can push away other people in your life and shrink your social circle. If you are in a relationship with a person who you think has the issue, encourage the person to seek help. For example, never hesitate to reach out to mental health professionals. They can find healthier ways to deal with hidden feelings. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷 For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That's what we call an extended family. Now it is changing. Compared to extended families. nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. Apart from family size, these families are also featured by reduced dependence on the last generation. Young people are able to make decisions on their own and children are less likely to be brought up by their grandparents. The reason for the tendency of nuclear families can be reflected as follows. It's a time when young people think highly of individual freedom. Young people like to have personal space that won't be disturbed by the old generations. In this way, they are more likely to avoid conflicts caused by different living habits from their parents. It's also a time when social welfare institutions are highly advanced for old people to lead a comfortable life . Senior citizens can live together in some nursing homes and be taken good care of by specialized nursing workers, which may base young people's heavy burden of attending their aging parents. However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. Young people are busy with their work and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enough care both from their parents and grandparents during their growth, children may develop mental illnesses like loneliness and depression. Many young people, therefore, hire babysitters to look after and keep company with their children, which adds a financial burden to them. Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. Old generations are welcomed to take care of their grandchildren, especially when young people are asked to work overtime. Communities ought to organize some volunteers to look after unattended kids. And government can set up special loads for young people to relieve their financial problem. With the joint efforts, nuclear families are expected to fit in well with the development of the society. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市敬业中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题 If you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is a universal phenomenon. It is not surprising that social scientists are exploring its environmental causes The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child’s home and family life. today's children are growing up in smaller and smaller families, with fewer and fewer relatives living nearby. Growing up in homes in which both parents work full time, children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits by neighbours and friends. Because of their lack of social skills, they may begin to feel shy when they start school A second environmental cause of shyness in an individual may be one's culture. In a large study conducted in Japanl, 57% participants rated themselves as shy. Researchers Lynne Henderson and Philip Zimbardo say, " One explanation is that in Japan, an individual's performance success is credited externally to parents, grandparents, teachers, coaches, and others, while failure is entire blamed on the person. "Therefore, Japanese learn not to take risks in public and rely instead on group-shared decisions. Technology may also play a role. In the United State, the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40% to 50% in recent years. Due to our huge advances in technology, watching TV, playing video games, and surfing the Web have replaced recreational activities that involve social interaction for many young people. Adults, too, are becoming more isolated as a result of technology. face-to face interactions with bank clerks, gas station attendants, and shop assistants are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banking fill their gas tanks, and order goods. In short, they become shy. It appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives. Therefore, if you are shy, you have lots of company. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 Why You Need a Network of Casual Friends When I was laid off in 2015, I tweeted it the way any young people would in the hope that someone in my social network would point me to potential opportunities. To my surprise, a friend of a friend alerted me to an opening in her department by Facebook message, and she became my boss three rounds of interviews later. Think of the parents you see in the drop-off zone at school, your favorite waiter, the other dog owners at the park. Sociologists call these relationships “weak ties.” Not only can these connections affect our job prospects, but they can also have a positive impact on our well-being. Maintaining the network of acquaintances can help you feel more connected. The desire to belong and form social attachments is a basic human need, alongside food, sleep and safety. But once we hit 25, the number of friends we have peaks and becomes smaller over time, according to a 2016 study. As we get older and priorities shift from after-work bowling league to after-school pickup, maintaining a loaded social calendar becomes less important. Staying socially engaged, then, is integral to personal fulfillment. Besides, having at least a few acquaintances can connect us with a larger circle of people, which is fantastic news, say, for job hunters. Even if our friends want to help us find a job, the weak ties are often the ones who widen the job-search playing field. Those acquaintances also provide us with a wider worldview. Regularly interacting with people who have different experiences than we do allows us to be more mindful of others’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy. Still, casual friends have a lot to offer. Uncovering surprising tidbits(花边新闻) about the regular players in one’s life—discovering that your neighbor is an accomplished dancer, for instance—can spice up your day. So next time you see a friendly face when you’ re out and about, you might as well try to initiate small talks. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 More than half a year ago, my factory was bought by a large corporation and the majority of the managers lost their jobs, including me. That was the time I decided to do something I’d always wanted to do — become a freelance writer. Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways. I work just as much as I did before — between 46 and 51 hours a week — but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. As a manager, I worked from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, I work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 3 a.m., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule. While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last December, I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result, I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. I’ve also started to eat healthier foods. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home. Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don’t feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don’t have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there’s enough money until the next check arrives. All in all, I really like my current lifestyle. Of course, that doesn’t mean I’ll never want to have a “regular” job. But for me, at least, it suits me. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市朱家角中学2022-2023学年高二期末质量检测英语试题 Panic Buying Have you ever watched one of the many TV shows set during the apocalypse (大灾难). If it’s not zombies, it’s viruses or natural disasters. One thing that seems to be a typical part of these series is survivors searching for food and resources. Is that why people stockpile food when things go bad? What is stockpiling? Quite simply it’s when people accumulate a substantial number of goods, for example food or water. But why do we do it? Consumer psychologist Paul Marsden puts it down to three factors that relate to retail therapy. Firstly, ‘autonomy’ -the idea that people feel the need to be in control. Secondly, ‘relatedness’ - panic shopping helps people to feel connected to the community or other shoppers who are doing the same. Lastly, ‘competence’ - people want to feel like they are ‘smart shoppers’ and doing the right thing. Sander Van der Lindon, an assistant professor of social psychology at Cambridge University, said that a phenomenon known as ‘fear contagion (传播)’ can take hold. People’s decision making stops when stressed, so they follow the actions of other people. If they are panic buying, you will too. So, can you stop people from stockpiling? Well, supermarkets can ration the amount of products consumers purchase, and governments can try to reassure people that there is no need to panic. However, it seems that it goes against our basic psychology to try and stop people from panic buying. So, the next time a virus, natural disaster or zombie apocalypse starts, remember that panic buying is probably a given, thanks to our need for retail therapy to manage our emotional state. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10．Directions: road the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海行知中学2024-2025学年高二期末考试英语试卷 A plan to restore green spaces The UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore England’s wild life. It focuses on at-risk species by making canals, rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces. The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5,000 square kilometres of wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers. It will create or expand 25 national nature reserves. New woodland will also be planted alongside rivers. At the moment, access to green spaces is not equal across the UK. Around 4% of people live more than 10 minutes away from their nearest park. The Environmental Improvement Plan aims to make sure households in England are within a 15-minute walk to a green space. As well as helping more people to act close to nature, the plan should increase England’s biodiversity. A species Survival Fund will be set up to help some of England’s most endangered animals, such as red squirrels (松鼠) and watch rats. The Government has set targets to boost these species by 2030. There are also targets to reduce food waste, glass, metal, paper and plastic by 2028, and to improve the quality of water in rivers. New rules mean that the Government will have to consider the environmental effects of any policy it puts forward. These goals are part of a 25- year plan that was launched in 2018. The aim of the plan is to improve the environment “within a generation” which is roughly 25 years. Although lots of people have welcomed the plan, not everyone is impressed. Pail de Zylva, from the charity Friends of the Earth, said it wasn’t clear enough how the goals would be met and that many of them were like promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题08 概要写作 1．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市杨浦区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语调研卷 Why Gen Z Is Leaving Cities for the Countryside In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of Gen Z individuals relocating from cities to the countryside. This generation, born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is known for its preference for experiences over material possessions and a desire to lead a more sustainable lifestyle. As a result, many young people are leaving urban areas in pursuit of a slower pace of life and closer connection with nature. The appeal of country living for Gen Z stems from multiple factors. Firstly, it offers a slower pace of life, which can be a welcome change from the hustle and bustle of city living. This can be particularly beneficial for those who struggle with anxiety or stress-related issues. Moreover, there is greater access to nature and outdoor activities such as hiking, camping and fishing. This not only promotes physical health but also helps to develop a deeper connection with the natural world. Also, living in the countryside often means lower living costs and less competition for jobs, making it an attractive option for those just starting out in their careers. Some believe that technology has completely captured the attention of the younger generation, and they are therefore reluctant to leave the conveniences and excitement of the modern city. Actually, it is precisely this technological advancement that has facilitated the shift towards rural living among Gen Z. With remote work becoming increasingly common, young adults are no longer tied to urban centers for employment. They can work from anywhere with a reliable internet connection. Additionally, social media platforms have made it easier for individuals to share their rural lifestyles and connect with others who have similar interests. This virtual community fosters a sense of belonging and encourages young people to explore and appreciate the natural beauty of countryside. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Gen Z is leaving cities for the countryside. The slower life pace of rural living relieves anxiety; outdoor activities benefit physical health and draw people closer to nature; lower living cost and less job competition also attract young people. Internet connection and social media platforms enable them to work remotely and be connected with others, making life convenient and enjoyable. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍Z世代离开城市前往农村的原因。农村生活的慢节奏缓解了焦虑；户外活动有益于身体健康，拉近人们与自然的距离；较低的生活成本和较少的就业竞争也吸引了年轻人。互联网连接和社交媒体平台使他们能够远程工作并与他人联系，使生活更加便利和愉快。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①In recent years, there has been a noticeable trend of Gen Z individuals relocating from cities to the countryside. ②As a result, many young people are leaving urban areas in pursuit of a slower pace of life and closer connection with nature. ③Firstly, it offers a slower pace of life, which can be a welcome change from the hustle and bustle of city living. ④Moreover, there is greater access to nature and outdoor activities such as hiking, camping and fishing. ⑤Also, living in the countryside often means lower living costs and less competition for jobs, making it an attractive option for those just starting out in their careers. ⑥This virtual community fosters a sense of belonging and encourages young people to explore and appreciate the natural beauty of countryside. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4、5、6四个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Gen Z is leaving cities and going to the countryside. There are various reasons for Gen Z’s leaving cities for the countryside .For example, the slower life pace of rural living relieves anxiety; outdoor activities benefit physical health and draw people closer to nature; lower living cost and less job competition also attract young people. Internet connection and social media platforms enable them to work remotely and be connected with others, which can make life convenient and enjoyable. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The slower life pace of rural living relieves anxiety; outdoor activities benefit physical health and draw people closer to nature; lower living cost and less job competition also attract young people. 运用了几个分句来描述Z世代离开城市去农村的原因，表达高级。 [高分句型2]：Internet connection and social media platforms enable them to work remotely and be connected with others, making life convenient and enjoyable. 用现在分词making 作结果状语，表达非常高级。 2．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 Imperfection can be a gift We all want to do things well and for things to turn out right. However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. In fact, messing up can lead to some of the most interesting and meaningful outcomes. Aiming for results, whether that’s getting good school grades, shining in sport or acing an art project, can help you focus on your goals. However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety. That’s why it’s good to leave some room for errors and imperfections. Then if things don’t go as planned, it’s not a big deal and you may learn something new. Dr Vara is a psychologist who helps people take care of their mental health. She says getting things wrong is part of growing up. “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong. This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be too scared to make mistakes. This fear can lead to us putting off doing difficult things or avoiding trying new things.” It’s important to realise that making mistakes is common, which shows that it is impossible to be perfect and failure is normal. Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up. The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next. Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that you’re not a bad person for getting things wrong——you’re human. It might feel uncomfortable for a bit, then these feelings will pass and then you’ll bounce back.” Instead, think about what you might do differently next time. This has been proven to work. In one study, students who were reminded to forgive and be kind to themselves when they failed a test felt more motivated to try again. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Accepting failures is a natural part of growth. Focusing on enjoying the process rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is normal and essential for becoming stronger. The key is to learn from mistakes, not be too hard on oneself, and consider how to improve next time. 【导语】本文的体裁是明文。接受失败是成长的自然组成部分。专注于享受过程而不仅仅是结果可以减轻压力和焦虑。瓦拉博士解释说，犯错误是正常的，对变得更强壮至关重要。关键是要从错误中吸取教训，不要对自己太苛刻，并考虑下次如何改进。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①However, growing up also involves accepting when things go wrong. ②However, it’s just as important to focus on enjoying the process. Getting too hung up on things turning out exactly as you think they should can put a lot of pressure on you and lead to anxiety.   ③She says getting things wrong is part of growing up.  “We also have to experience the uncomfortable feeling when we get things wrong.  This helps us to become stronger,” says Dr Vara.   ④Learning from your mistakes is an essential part of growing up.  The most important thing is how you respond and what you choose to do next.  Try not to take it too seriously, blame yourself or feel too disappointed or upset. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句Focusing on enjoying the process rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Accepting failures is a natural part of growth. 运用了一个含有动名词的句子，对原文第一段进行了概括。其中动名词Accepting作主语，表达非常高级。 【高分句型2】Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is normal and essential for becoming stronger.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第三段进行了概括。其中that引导的宾语从句、动名词making作主语、动名词becoming作宾语，表达非常高级。 3．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 We Need to Take Meditation More Seriously as Medicine A new review study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice of mindful meditation can offer real help for patients with depression, anxiety, and pain. Dr. Madhav Goyal is the lead author of the recent JAMA study. He reviewed 47 clinical trials involving more than 3500 participants with mild anxiety or depression, and found that those who practiced mindful meditation saw a 5-10%improvement in anxiety symptoms and a 10-20% reduction in depressive symptoms. What’s most striking about the JAMA findings is that people weren’t meditating for very long. Many in the reviewed studies meditated for as little as 2. 5 hours per week for two months. As Dr. Goyal points out, because meditation is a skill that’s learned over time, it’s unlikely that the respondents reached a high level in a short time. So according to him, it’s reasonable to think that people would experience even greater benefits with more rigorous training and practice. Unfortunately though, it’s precisely those realities of meditation — that it is a state you can teach yourself to achieve and improve with discipline — that might weaken its validity (有效性) with physicians and patients. For example, professor Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University of California, Berkeley, believes some medical professionals may doubt the value of meditation because our culture has shifted so heavily in favor of quantitative measurement. “Medical doctors are practicing a form of science, and therefore expect to see scientific measurement,” Blum explains. “But how do you measure meditation?” In Dr. Goyal’s view, critics of meditation have a misunderstanding of what science is. It has nothing to do with molecules or drugs, he says. Rather, medical science is a “systematic exploration of what is not known”, whatever that may be — and areas like meditation desperately need more exploration, and the funding to do it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A new study found that meditation can help ease people’s anxiety and depression and that people can benefit more if they practice meditating for longer. Though some medical professionals still don’t believe in the effect of meditation because it can’t be measured, Dr. Goyal, the lead author of the study, thinks it is worth exploring. 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。一项新的研究发现，冥想可以帮助缓解人们的焦虑和抑郁，如果人们练习冥想的时间更长，他们会受益更多。尽管一些医学专业人士仍然不相信冥想的效果，因为它无法测量，但该研究的第一作者戈亚尔博士认为，这值得探索。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①A new review study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Internal Medicine, suggests that the ancient Eastern practice of mindful meditation can offer real help for patients with depression, anxiety, and pain. ②What’s most striking about the JAMA findings is that people weren’t meditating for very long.  Many in the reviewed studies meditated for as little as 2.  5 hours per week for two months. ③For example, professor Mark K. Blum, a Buddhist Studies expert at the University of California, Berkeley, believes some medical professionals may doubt the value of meditation because our culture has shifted so heavily in favor of quantitative measurement. ④In Dr. Goyal’s view, critics of meditation have a misunderstanding of what science is. Rather, medical science is a “systematic exploration of what is not known”, whatever that may be—and areas like meditation desperately need more exploration, and the funding to do it. 2. 缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将3、4两个要点进行整合，将总结性语句放在文章最后。 3. 遣词造句 A new study found that meditation can help ease people’s anxiety and depression and that people can benefit more if they practice meditating for longer. Some medical professionals still don’t believe in the effect of meditation because it can’t be measured. Dr. Goyal thinks areas like meditation are worth more exploration。 【点睛】【高分句型1】A new study found that meditation can help ease people’s anxiety and depression and that people can benefit more if they practice meditating for longer. 运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第一、二、三段进行了概括。其中that引导了宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句，表达非常高级。 【高分句型2】Though some medical professionals still don’t believe in the effect of meditation because it can’t be measured, Dr. Goyal, the lead author of the study, thinks it is worth exploring.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第四、五段进行了概括。其中Though引导的让步状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句，表达非常高级。 4．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市闵行区2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题 What Is a Superiority Complex? A superiority complex is a behavior that suggests a person believes they are somehow superior to others. People with this complex often have overstated opinions of themselves. They may believe their abilities and achievements are better than those of others. However, the complex is believed to be a defense system for feelings of inadequacy that we all struggle with. It is unclear why a person develops a superiority complex. Multiple incidents may be the root cause. For example, it may be the result of many failures. A person tries to complete a specific goal or achieve a desired outcome, but they don’t succeed. They learn to handle the anxiety and stress of the failure by pretending to be above it. If they feel protected from their failures in this way, they may repeat this behavior in the future. These behaviors can begin at an early age. When a child is learning to cope with challenges, they may learn to control feelings of inadequacy or fear. A superiority complex may develop. Likewise, it may also happen later in life. As teens and adults, a person has many opportunities to try new things among new people. If these situations are not successfully coped with, a person may develop a superiority complex to overcome feeling isolated. People with a superiority complex are unlikely to be a threat to anyone’s physical health. However, the continuous lies and overstatements can become annoying to others and may negatively affect relationships. It can push away other people in your life and shrink your social circle. If you are in a relationship with a person who you think has the issue, encourage the person to seek help. For example, never hesitate to reach out to mental health professionals. They can find healthier ways to deal with hidden feelings. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A superiority complex means someone thinks they are superior. It’s a defense for feelings of inadequacy. Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develop early or later, affecting relationships. Seek help from mental health pros if needed. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了优越感的概念、可能的成因、可能的负面影响以及应对方法。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①A superiority complex is a behavior that suggests a person believes they are somehow superior to others. ②The complex is believed to be a defense system for feelings of inadequacy. ③Multiple incidents may cause it, such as many failures. ④It can develop at an early age or later in life. ⑤It may negatively affect relationships. Encourage those with the issue to seek help from mental health professionals. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行重组，将第2、3以及4、5要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 A superiority complex means someone thinks they are superior. It’s a defense for feelings of inadequacy. Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develop early or later, affecting relationships. Seek help from mental health pros if needed. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A superiority complex means someone thinks they are superior.（使用了省略连接词that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]Caused by multiple incidents like failures, it can develop early or later, affecting relationships.（使用了过去分词短语作状语，现在分词短语作状语） 5．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市宝山区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷 For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That's what we call an extended family. Now it is changing. Compared to extended families. nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. Apart from family size, these families are also featured by reduced dependence on the last generation. Young people are able to make decisions on their own and children are less likely to be brought up by their grandparents. The reason for the tendency of nuclear families can be reflected as follows. It's a time when young people think highly of individual freedom. Young people like to have personal space that won't be disturbed by the old generations. In this way, they are more likely to avoid conflicts caused by different living habits from their parents. It's also a time when social welfare institutions are highly advanced for old people to lead a comfortable life . Senior citizens can live together in some nursing homes and be taken good care of by specialized nursing workers, which may base young people's heavy burden of attending their aging parents. However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. Young people are busy with their work and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enough care both from their parents and grandparents during their growth, children may develop mental illnesses like loneliness and depression. Many young people, therefore, hire babysitters to look after and keep company with their children, which adds a financial burden to them. Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. Old generations are welcomed to take care of their grandchildren, especially when young people are asked to work overtime. Communities ought to organize some volunteers to look after unattended kids. And government can set up special loads for young people to relieve their financial problem. With the joint efforts, nuclear families are expected to fit in well with the development of the society. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The trend of nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generations living together under one roof. However, this trend also leads to challenges in child care, as parents have less time to spend with their children. Solutions such as involving grandparents, community volunteers, and government support are suggested to address these challenges. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说在中国，核心家庭的趋势正在增加，越来越少的几代人住在一个屋檐下。然而，这一趋势也带来了儿童保育方面的挑战，因为父母花在孩子身上的时间越来越少。解决这些挑战的方法包括祖父母、社区志愿者和政府支持。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That’s what we call an extended family. Now it is changing.   ②Compared to extended families, nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. ③However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. ④Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 In China, the trend of nuclear family is increasing, because fewer and fewer generations live under one roof. Nevertheless, this trend also brings childcare challenges as parents spend less and less time with their children. Approaches to addressing these challenges include grandparents, community volunteers, and government support. 【点睛】[高分句型1]：The trend of nuclear families is increasing in China, with fewer generations living together under one roof.（运用了with的复合结构作状语） [高分句型2]：However, this trend also leads to challenges in child care, as parents have less time to spend with their children.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句） 6．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市敬业中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题 If you suffer from shyness, you are not alone, for shyness is a universal phenomenon. It is not surprising that social scientists are exploring its environmental causes The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child’s home and family life. today's children are growing up in smaller and smaller families, with fewer and fewer relatives living nearby. Growing up in homes in which both parents work full time, children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits by neighbours and friends. Because of their lack of social skills, they may begin to feel shy when they start school A second environmental cause of shyness in an individual may be one's culture. In a large study conducted in Japanl, 57% participants rated themselves as shy. Researchers Lynne Henderson and Philip Zimbardo say, " One explanation is that in Japan, an individual's performance success is credited externally to parents, grandparents, teachers, coaches, and others, while failure is entire blamed on the person. "Therefore, Japanese learn not to take risks in public and rely instead on group-shared decisions. Technology may also play a role. In the United State, the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40% to 50% in recent years. Due to our huge advances in technology, watching TV, playing video games, and surfing the Web have replaced recreational activities that involve social interaction for many young people. Adults, too, are becoming more isolated as a result of technology. face-to face interactions with bank clerks, gas station attendants, and shop assistants are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banking fill their gas tanks, and order goods. In short, they become shy. It appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives. Therefore, if you are shy, you have lots of company. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Shyness is a common phenomenon, and there are many environmental reasons for it. A child's family life is one reason. One's culture is another cause of shyness. At the same time, the widespread use of technology also causes shyness. Many people experience shyness in their lives. 【分析】这是一篇概要写作。 【详解】概要写作 写作步骤 1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章主要说明了造成羞怯的环境原因。 2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。 3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。 4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点： （1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。 （2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。 （3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。 （4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。 （5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。 7．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 Why You Need a Network of Casual Friends When I was laid off in 2015, I tweeted it the way any young people would in the hope that someone in my social network would point me to potential opportunities. To my surprise, a friend of a friend alerted me to an opening in her department by Facebook message, and she became my boss three rounds of interviews later. Think of the parents you see in the drop-off zone at school, your favorite waiter, the other dog owners at the park. Sociologists call these relationships “weak ties.” Not only can these connections affect our job prospects, but they can also have a positive impact on our well-being. Maintaining the network of acquaintances can help you feel more connected. The desire to belong and form social attachments is a basic human need, alongside food, sleep and safety. But once we hit 25, the number of friends we have peaks and becomes smaller over time, according to a 2016 study. As we get older and priorities shift from after-work bowling league to after-school pickup, maintaining a loaded social calendar becomes less important. Staying socially engaged, then, is integral to personal fulfillment. Besides, having at least a few acquaintances can connect us with a larger circle of people, which is fantastic news, say, for job hunters. Even if our friends want to help us find a job, the weak ties are often the ones who widen the job-search playing field. Those acquaintances also provide us with a wider worldview. Regularly interacting with people who have different experiences than we do allows us to be more mindful of others’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy. Still, casual friends have a lot to offer. Uncovering surprising tidbits(花边新闻) about the regular players in one’s life—discovering that your neighbor is an accomplished dancer, for instance—can spice up your day. So next time you see a friendly face when you’ re out and about, you might as well try to initiate small talks. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Weak ties have a positive effect on job prospects and our happiness, which can make us feel more connected, meet human social needs, and help realize personal value. In addition, regular communication with people who have different experiences can make us more aware of other people's situations and develop empathy. Finally, acquaintances can bring us unexpected surprise and add fun. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是关于为什么需要建立一个众多的熟人网络。作者分享了自己找工作时通过社交网络得到机会的经历，并指出这种弱关系的联系不仅对就业前景有影响，还对我们的幸福感有积极影响。保持熟人网络可以让我们感到更加连接，满足人类的社交需求，同时也有助于个人成就感。此外，拥有一些熟人可以让我们与更多人建立联系，对求职者来说是好消息。与不同经历的人经常互动可以让我们更加关注他人的处境，培养同理心。最后，熟人也可以给我们带来意想不到的惊喜，比如发现邻居是一位有才华的舞者。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Not only can these connections affect our job prospects, but they can also have a positive impact on our well-being. ②Maintaining the network of acquaintances can help you feel more connected. Staying socially engaged, then, is integral to personal fulfillment. ③Regularly interacting with people who have different experiences than we do allows us to be more mindful of others’ circumstances. This, in turn, builds empathy. ④Uncovering surprising tidbits about the regular players in one’s life—discovering that your neighbor is an accomplished dancer, for instance—can spice up your day. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 Weak ties have a positive effect on job prospects and our happiness. At the same time, it can make us feel more connected, meet human social needs, and help realize personal value. In addition, frequent communication with people who have different experiences can make us more aware of other people's situations and develop empathy. Finally, acquaintances can bring us unexpected surprises and add fun. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Weak ties have a positive effect on job prospects and our happiness, which can make us feel more connected, meet human social needs, and help realize personal value. 运用which引导的非限制性定语从句，以及并列结构，表达高级。 [高分句型2]： In addition, regular communication with people who have different experiences can make us more aware of other people's situations and develop empathy. 运用who引导的定语从句，以及介词短语in addition作状语。 8．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 More than half a year ago, my factory was bought by a large corporation and the majority of the managers lost their jobs, including me. That was the time I decided to do something I’d always wanted to do — become a freelance writer. Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways. I work just as much as I did before — between 46 and 51 hours a week — but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. As a manager, I worked from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, I work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 3 a.m., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule. While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last December, I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result, I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. I’ve also started to eat healthier foods. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home. Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don’t feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don’t have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there’s enough money until the next check arrives. All in all, I really like my current lifestyle. Of course, that doesn’t mean I’ll never want to have a “regular” job. But for me, at least, it suits me. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After the author quit his previous job and became a freelance writer, some changes have taken place to his lifestyle. The working schedule becomes more flexible. He has also done more exercise and eaten more healthily. But he is concerned that he might not get regular wages. Anyway, he finds the current lifestyle suitable for him. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者辞去之前的工作，成为一名自由撰稿人之后，他的生活方式发生了一些变化。工作时间表变得更加灵活。他也做了更多的运动，吃得更健康。但他担心自己可能得不到固定工资。不管怎样，他觉得现在的生活方式很适合他。 【详解】After the author quit his previous job and became a freelance writer, some changes have taken place to his lifestyle. The working schedule becomes more flexible. He has also done more exercise and eaten more healthily. But he is concerned that he might not get regular wages. Anyway, he finds the current lifestyle suitable for him. 1 要点摘录 ①That was the time I decided to do something I’d always wanted to do — become a freelance writer. Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways. ②I work just as much as I did before — between 46 and 51 hours a week — but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. ③However, last December, I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. I’ve also started to eat healthier foods. ④Working freelance, I don’t have a regular paycheck. ⑤But for me, at least, it suits me. 2.缜密构思 将第1、5两个要点进行重组，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 I decided to become a freelance writer. Changing jobs means that my lifestyle has changed in many ways. My schedule is more flexible than it used to be. Gradually, I started exercising regularly and eating healthier food at the same time. As a freelancer, I was worried about whether I would be able to have a regular salary. However, I think this lifestyle is suitable for me. 【点睛】[高分句型1] After the author quit his previous job and became a freelance writer, some changes have taken place to his lifestyle.(运用了after连接前后两个句子，同时句中使用现在完成时结构，表达高级) [高分句型2]：But he is concerned that he might not get regular wages.(运用了that引导宾语从句，表达高级) 9．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海市朱家角中学2022-2023学年高二期末质量检测英语试题 Panic Buying Have you ever watched one of the many TV shows set during the apocalypse (大灾难). If it’s not zombies, it’s viruses or natural disasters. One thing that seems to be a typical part of these series is survivors searching for food and resources. Is that why people stockpile food when things go bad? What is stockpiling? Quite simply it’s when people accumulate a substantial number of goods, for example food or water. But why do we do it? Consumer psychologist Paul Marsden puts it down to three factors that relate to retail therapy. Firstly, ‘autonomy’ -the idea that people feel the need to be in control. Secondly, ‘relatedness’ - panic shopping helps people to feel connected to the community or other shoppers who are doing the same. Lastly, ‘competence’ - people want to feel like they are ‘smart shoppers’ and doing the right thing. Sander Van der Lindon, an assistant professor of social psychology at Cambridge University, said that a phenomenon known as ‘fear contagion (传播)’ can take hold. People’s decision making stops when stressed, so they follow the actions of other people. If they are panic buying, you will too. So, can you stop people from stockpiling? Well, supermarkets can ration the amount of products consumers purchase, and governments can try to reassure people that there is no need to panic. However, it seems that it goes against our basic psychology to try and stop people from panic buying. So, the next time a virus, natural disaster or zombie apocalypse starts, remember that panic buying is probably a given, thanks to our need for retail therapy to manage our emotional state. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Panic buying occurs due to the need for people to be in control, feel connected to others who are also panic buying and be “smart shoppers”. Building up a large stock of supplies is a form of retail therapy that helps people manage their emotional state. In general, trying to stop people from panic buying is counterproductive. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，恐慌性购买的发生是由于人们需要控制自己，与其他也有恐慌性购买的人建立联系，并成为“聪明的购物者”。建立大量的供应库存是一种零售疗法，可以帮助人们管理自己的情绪状态。一般来说，试图阻止人们恐慌性购买是适得其反的。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Firstly, ‘autonomy’ -the idea that people feel the need to be in control. ②Secondly, ‘relatedness’ - panic shopping helps people to feel connected to the community or other shoppers who are doing the same. ③Lastly, ‘competence’ - people want to feel like they are ‘smart shoppers’ and doing the right thing. ④Well, supermarkets can ration the amount of products consumers purchase, and governments can try to reassure people that there is no need to panic. ⑤However, it seems that it goes against our basic psychology to try and stop people from panic buying. ⑥remember that panic buying is probably a given, thanks to our need for retail therapy to manage our emotional state. 2.缜密构思 将第4、5两个要点进行重组，将第1、2、3三个要点进行整合，将第6要点进行重写。 3.遣词造句 Panic buying occurs because people need to take control, connect with others who are also panic buying, and become “smart shoppers”. Building a large supply inventory is a retail therapy that can help people manage their emotional state. Generally speaking, trying to prevent people panic buying is counterproductive. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Panic buying occurs due to the need for people to be in control, feel connected to others who are also panic buying and be “smart shoppers”.(运用who引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] Building up a large stock of supplies is a form of retail therapy that helps people manage their emotional state. (运用that引导的定语从句) 10．Directions: road the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 【来源】上海行知中学2024-2025学年高二期末考试英语试卷 A plan to restore green spaces The UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore England’s wild life. It focuses on at-risk species by making canals, rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces. The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5,000 square kilometres of wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers. It will create or expand 25 national nature reserves. New woodland will also be planted alongside rivers. At the moment, access to green spaces is not equal across the UK. Around 4% of people live more than 10 minutes away from their nearest park. The Environmental Improvement Plan aims to make sure households in England are within a 15-minute walk to a green space. As well as helping more people to act close to nature, the plan should increase England’s biodiversity. A species Survival Fund will be set up to help some of England’s most endangered animals, such as red squirrels (松鼠) and watch rats. The Government has set targets to boost these species by 2030. There are also targets to reduce food waste, glass, metal, paper and plastic by 2028, and to improve the quality of water in rivers. New rules mean that the Government will have to consider the environmental effects of any policy it puts forward. These goals are part of a 25- year plan that was launched in 2018. The aim of the plan is to improve the environment “within a generation” which is roughly 25 years. Although lots of people have welcomed the plan, not everyone is impressed. Pail de Zylva, from the charity Friends of the Earth, said it wasn’t clear enough how the goals would be met and that many of them were like promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】British government plans to preserve the endangered wildlife via water purification and extension of greens. Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund. Despite the long-term plan’s pro-environmental intention, some people doubt whether these goals are achievable. (56) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，英国政府计划通过观察绿色植物的净化和扩展来保护濒危野生动物。大规模恢复生态环境的目的是在基金的支持下，消除绿色空间的不平等，促进生物多样性。尽管长期规划的意图是环保，但一些人怀疑这些目标是否可以实现。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①The UK government has revealed a plan to protect and restore England’s wild life. ②It focuses on at-risk species by making canals, rivers and streams cleaner and expanding green spaces. ③The new Environmental Improvement Plan sets goals to create or restore more than 5,000 square kilometres of wildlife habitats across England and restore 400 miles of rivers. ④At the moment, access to green spaces is not equal across the UK. ⑤As well as helping more people to act close to nature, the plan should increase England’s biodiversity. ⑥Although lots of people have welcomed the plan, not everyone is impressed. ⑦Pail de Zylva, from the charity Friends of the Earth, said it wasn’t clear enough how the goals would be met and that many of them were like promises the Government had already made but not yet delivered. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2和6、7几个要点进行重组，将第3、4、5三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 British government plans to preserve the endangered wildlife via water purification and extension of greens. Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund. Despite the long-term plan’s pro-environmental intention, some people doubt whether these goals are achievable. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Large-scale restoration of the ecological environment aims to level off the inequality of access to green spaces and to boost biodiversity with the support of a fund.(运用了不定式作宾语) [高分句型2] Despite the long-term plan’s pro-environmental intention, some people doubt whether these goals are achievable. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句) 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$