专题09 句子翻译 【期末必刷40题】-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考点大串讲（上海）

2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题09 句子翻译 【题源】 上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 上海市敬业中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市朱家角中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市晋元中学中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市南洋模范中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市交大附中2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 1．在毕业典礼上，李华向和他一起同甘共苦的老师们表达了由衷的感激。（show）（汉译英） 2．为什么不试试说出困扰你的事情，很有可能一个微小的举动会带来更放松的心态。(chance)(汉译英) 3．拥有平衡的生活，有时间和朋友社交，甚至向治疗师求助，是拥有获得内心平静的关键。(key)(汉译英) 4．意识到他的自负和无能已经带来了严重后果，这位外科医生显然忐忑不安，他额头上的汗水正是焦虑的迹象。(stomach;使用独立主格结构)(汉译英) 5．为什么不把料理家务作为自己的习惯呢? (ritual)(汉译英) 6．教授介绍了风险管理的基本概念，这是金融学的基础。(underlie)(汉译英) 7．过去的10年来，生物学家对濒临灭绝的海洋物种表示同情。(threaten) (汉译英) 8．中国和欧洲宇航员将合作执行太空任务的协议为科学技术的突破性进步铺平了道路。(pave, 同位语从句)(汉译英) 9．你没有必要在乎他人对你的评论。(care) (汉译英) 10．虽然地球表面70%覆盖着水，但其中只有很少才能被人类利用。(Though) (汉译英) 11．只要下载一个烹饪相关的应用软件，你就可以根据里面简单易学的烹饪视频烧出许多美味佳肴。(with) （汉译英） 12．对一些学生而言，可以自由支配自己的业余时间远比拥有足够的零花钱更有意义，难道不是吗？(than) 13．不管发生什么，军人必须坚定立场，绝不向敌人屈服。(Whatever) (汉译英) 14．研究人员想弄清楚经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。(exposure) (汉译英) 15．为了避免成为网络犯罪的受害者，青少年们要学会明辨是非，不能不假思索地接受陌生人的好友申请。(discriminate) (汉译英) 16．正是因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新，国货不再受到不公平待遇，反而比进口商品更具竞争优势。(edge) (汉译英) 17．她刚批准这个项目，就意识到这不过是一时心血来潮。 (Hardly)(汉译英) 18．令我印象最深刻的是这位饱经风霜的生物学家始终直面每一个挑战。(take) (汉译英) 19．要不是他拙劣的演讲风格，这位有前途的年轻人本可以赢得演讲比赛一等奖。(If) (汉译英) 20．要确保你在房屋摇晃的时候待在牢固的家具下方不动。（ensure）（汉译英） 21．据同学反馈，他只是假装在大部分社交场合表现良好。(function)(汉译英) 22．观众们倒抽一口凉气，这位种子选手赢下了前两局，两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望。(chance)(汉译英) 23．作为科学家不该惧怕可能遭到的怀疑，而应大胆猜想，抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证，惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破。(Instead of)(汉译英) 24．那里的村民们应该以其原始形式将传统传承下去。(suppose)(汉译英) 25．人们希望日子过得更好，所以自20世纪90年代以来，大多数鲨鱼的数量下降了90%，这一点也不奇怪。(it; better off) (汉译英) 26．根据目前的证据， 海洋生物学家预测，失去这个看护人可能会导致小型食肉动物的数量大幅增加。(bring) (汉译英) 27．游客纷至沓来，欣赏郊外的春日胜景。(pour)(汉译英) 28．要不是得到了好心人的帮助，他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来. (survive)(汉译英) 29．公司耗尽资源研发了有竞争力的产品，最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境。(end)(汉译英) 30．在我们眼里腼腆的小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事，令我们对他刮目相看。 (account)(汉译英) 31．许多小公司受到新政策扶持，齐心协力挺过了艰难时期。(survive) （汉译英） 32．正是因为疫情的再次爆发的原因才使得他们推迟了期待已久的军训。(It) （汉译英） 33．我没想到他这样自律的学生这个暑假也会沉迷网络游戏，好多作业都没动。(abandon) （汉译英） 34．出身音乐世家，她从小耳濡目染各种乐器和音乐会，难怪长大后成为了杰出的指挥兼作曲家。(expose) （汉译英） 35．数字化进程使学生能够在一个无风险的环境中进行虚拟实验。(enable) （汉译英） 36．看到极端气候时，人们往往会将它和全球变暖联系起来。(associate) （汉译英） 37．根据一项学生会的调查，学生熬夜学习的主要原因是对早睡的内疚以及对学业落后的担忧。(why) (汉译英) 38．检查过程中未发现任何机器损坏。(emerge) (汉译英) 39．令校长开心的是，自推行新教材以来，越来越多的学生对地理表现出兴趣。(introduce)(汉译英) 40．尽管工作千头万绪，但一想到暑期可以在海滩上欣赏日出日落，他就满怀期望。(Despite)(汉译英) 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考点大串讲（上海） 专题09 句子翻译 【题源】 上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 上海市敬业中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市朱家角中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市晋元中学中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市南洋模范中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 上海市交大附中2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 1．在毕业典礼上，李华向和他一起同甘共苦的老师们表达了由衷的感激。（show）（汉译英） 【答案】At the graduation ceremony, Li Hua showed his heartfelt gratitude to the teachers who shared weal and woe with him. 【详解】考查介词短语、动词、时态和定语从句。“在毕业典礼上”作时间状语，用介词短语at the graduation ceremony表示，主语“李华”用Li Hua，谓语“表达”用动词show，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态showed，宾语“由衷的感激”用名词短语heartfelt gratitude，“向……表达感激”为show one’s gratitude to，“和他一起同甘共苦的老师们”译为the teachers who shared weal and woe with him，其中关系代词who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词the teachers，从句中动宾短语share weal and woe意为“同甘共苦”。综上，全句译为：At the graduation ceremony, Li Hua showed his heartfelt gratitude to the teachers who shared weal and woe with him. 2．为什么不试试说出困扰你的事情，很有可能一个微小的举动会带来更放松的心态。(chance)(汉译英) 【答案】Why not try to talk about what bothers you? There’s a good chance that a small action can lead to a more relaxed mindset. 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“为什么不”句型为why not do sth.；表示“试试做某事”为try to do sth.；表示“说出”即“谈论”为talk about；“困扰你的事情”即“使你困扰的事情”，使用what引导宾语从句，“困扰”bother，从句描述现在的一般情况，使用一般现在时，what在从句中作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式bothers，后接宾语“你”you；表示“很有可能”句型为There’s a good chance that...；从句主语“一个微小的举动”为a small action；表示“带来”为lead to，情态动词can后跟动词原形形式，从句宾语“更放松的心态”为a more relaxed mindset。故翻译为Why not try to talk about what bothers you? There’s a good chance that a small action can lead to a more relaxed mindset. 3．拥有平衡的生活，有时间和朋友社交，甚至向治疗师求助，是拥有获得内心平静的关键。(key)(汉译英) 【答案】Having a balanced life, having time to socialize with friends, and even reaching out to a therapist, is the key to having inner peace. 【详解】考查动名词，形容词，时态，主谓一致，名词。根据汉语意思可知，句子的主语为“拥有平衡的生活，有时间和朋友社交，甚至向治疗师求助”，所以用动名词作主语；表示“拥有”用have；“平衡的”为balanced；“生活”为life；“有时间”为have time；“与……社交”为socialize with sb.，宾语为friends；表示“甚至”用even，表示“向……伸出援助之手”为reach out；“治疗师”为therapist。所以主语部分为Having a balanced life, having time to socialize with friends, and even reaching out to a therapist。动名词作主语谓语动词用单数，本句中为描述事实，所以用一般现在时，所以be动词用is；表示“关键”用key；“……的关键”用the key to；“内心的”为inner；“和平”为peace。故答案为Having a balanced life, having time to socialize with friends, and even reaching out to a therapist, is the key to having inner peace. 4．意识到他的自负和无能已经带来了严重后果，这位外科医生显然忐忑不安，他额头上的汗水正是焦虑的迹象。(stomach;使用独立主格结构)(汉译英) 【答案】Realizing that his conceit and incompetence had brought serious consequences, the surgeon obviously had a queasy feeling in his stomach, the sweat on his forehead signing anxiety. 【详解】考查独立主格结构和时态。主语“这位外科医生”the surgeon，“忐忑不安”使用动词短语have a queasy feeling in his stomach，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式had作句子谓语，“显然”使用副词obviously作状语，修饰动词had，“他额头上的汗水”the sweat on his forehead，“正是焦虑的迹象”即“示意他的焦虑”，译为sign anxiety，sign与逻辑主语sweat之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式表示主动，构成独立主格结构，“意识到”realize，与逻辑主语the surgeon之间是主动关系，使用现在分词形式作状语，后接that引导的宾语从句，从句主语“他的自负和无能”his conceit and incompetence，“带来”bring，结合语意可知，“带来严重后果”这一动作发生在“忐忑不安”之前，为“过去的过去”，所以从句应用过去完成时，即had brought，后接宾语“严重后果”serious consequence，consequence为可数名词，应用其复数形式表示泛指。故翻译为Realizing that his conceit and incompetence had brought serious consequences, the surgeon obviously had a queasy feeling in his stomach, the sweat on his forehead signing anxiety. 5．为什么不把料理家务作为自己的习惯呢? (ritual)(汉译英) 【答案】Why not make housekeeping a ritual of your own?/ Why don’t you make housekeeping a ritual of your own? 【详解】考查疑问句，名词，介词。根据汉语意思可知，本句为表示建议，表示建议用“why not do sth.”或者“why don’t you”；“成为”用make；“料理家务”名词为housekeeping；“习惯”为ritual；“……的”用 of one’s own。故答案为Why not make housekeeping a ritual of your own?或者Why don’t you make housekeeping a ritual of your own? 6．教授介绍了风险管理的基本概念，这是金融学的基础。(underlie)(汉译英) 【答案】The professor introduced the basic concepts of risk management, which underlie finance. 【详解】考查动词、时态、定语从句。表示“介绍”应用动词introduce，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时；表示“教授”短语为the professor；表示“风险管理的基本概念”短语为the basic concepts of risk management，在句中做宾语；表示“是金融学的基础”短语为underlie finance，在句中做非限制性定语，修饰前面整个句子，故翻译为The professor introduced the basic concepts of risk management, which underlie finance. 7．过去的10年来，生物学家对濒临灭绝的海洋物种表示同情。(threaten) (汉译英) 【答案】Over the past decade, biologists have shown sympathy for marine species threatened with extinction. 【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词短语和非谓语动词。时间状语“过去的10年来”可用介词over和名词短语the past decade搭配，句子时态应用现在完成时；主语“生物学家”应用名词biologists，为复数；“对……表示同情”可用动词短语show sympathy for，且show需变为have shown的形式；“海洋物种”可用名词短语marine species；“濒临灭绝的”是修饰species的成分，动词短语be threatened with extinction表示“受到灭绝的威胁，濒临灭绝”，因此用过去分词短语作species的后置定语。故可译为：Over the past decade, biologists have shown sympathy for marine species threatened with extinction. 8．中国和欧洲宇航员将合作执行太空任务的协议为科学技术的突破性进步铺平了道路。(pave, 同位语从句)(汉译英) 【答案】The agreement that Chinese and European astronauts will cooperate in space missions paves the way for breakthrough advances in science and technology. 【详解】考查同位语从句、固定短语、时态。表示“铺平了道路”应使用短语pave the way for；表示“中国和欧洲宇航员将合作执行太空任务的协议”可翻译为The agreement that Chinese and European astronauts will cooperate in space missions，其中that引导的同位语从句解释说明agreement的内容，因句子表示的是将来发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般将来时；表示“科学技术的突破性进步”可翻译为breakthrough advances in science and technology。故翻译为The agreement that Chinese and European astronauts will cooperate in space missions paves the way for breakthrough advances in science and technology. 9．你没有必要在乎他人对你的评论。(care) (汉译英) 【答案】You don’t need to care about others’ comments on you. 【详解】考查情态动词、动词和时态。“你”是主语，用人称代词you表示，“没有必要”是谓语，描述现在的情况，用一般现在时态，用don’t need表示，“在乎他人对你的评论”作宾语，need后用不定式短语to care about others’ comments on you表示。故译为：You don’t need to care about others’ comments on you. 10．虽然地球表面70%覆盖着水，但其中只有很少才能被人类利用。(Though) (汉译英) 【答案】Though 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water, only a small portion of it can be utilized by humans. 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。表示“虽然”应用though引导让步状语从句，表示“地球表面70%”为70% of the Earth’s surface；表示“覆盖着水”为be covered with water;主句主语“其中只有很少”为only a small portion of it；表示“被人类利用”应用be utilized by humans，can后跟动词原形。从句为一般现在时的被动语态。故翻译为Though 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water, only a small portion of it can be utilized by humans. 11．只要下载一个烹饪相关的应用软件，你就可以根据里面简单易学的烹饪视频烧出许多美味佳肴。(with) （汉译英） 【答案】As long as you download an app related to cuisine, you can cook numerous delicious dishes with the easy-to-follow cooking videos inside. 【详解】考查状语从句、过去分词、形容词、名词和with复合结构。根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以全句使用一般现在时，表示“只要下载一个烹饪相关的应用软件”应为as long as引导的条件状语从句，位于句首，第一个as的首字母需要大写；表示“下载”应为download，表示“一个应用软件”应为an app作宾语，表示“烹饪相关的”可译为related to cuisine，为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰名词app，所以，从句可以译为As long as you download an app related to cuisine；表示“可以烧出”应为can cook，表示“许多美味佳肴”应为numerous delicious dishes作宾语，其中numerous delicious作定语修饰名词dishes，表示“根据里面简单易学的烹饪视频”可使用“with复合结构”，翻译为with the easy-to-follow cooking videos inside，所以，主句可译为you can cook numerous delicious dishes with the easy-to-follow cooking videos inside。故翻译为As long as you download an app related to cuisine, you can cook numerous delicious dishes with the easy-to-follow cooking videos inside. 12．对一些学生而言，可以自由支配自己的业余时间远比拥有足够的零花钱更有意义，难道不是吗？(than) 【答案】For some students, being free to spend/arrange their spare/leisure/free time is far more meaningful than having enough pocket money, isn’t it? 【详解】考查时态、短语、比较级和反意疑问句。此句陈述事实，用一般现在时；“对一些学生而言”表达为for some students，“可以自由地做某事”表达为be free to do sth.，“支配”为动词spend/arrange，“业余时间”为名词短语spare/leisure/free time，“可以自由支配自己的业余时间”表达为being free to spend/arrange their spare/leisure/free time，为动名词短语作主语，系动词为is；“比……更有意义”表达为far more meaningful than；“拥有足够的零花钱”表达为动名词短语having enough pocket money作介词than的宾语；“对一些学生而言，可以自由支配自己的业余时间远比拥有足够的零花钱更有意义”表达为being free to spend/arrange their spare/leisure/free time is far more meaningful than having enough pocket money，为肯定句，系动词为is，故反意疑问句“难道不是吗？”应表达为“isn’t it?”故翻译为：For some students, being free to spend/arrange their spare/leisure/free time is far more meaningful than having enough pocket money, isn’t it? 13．不管发生什么，军人必须坚定立场，绝不向敌人屈服。(Whatever) (汉译英) 【答案】Whatever happens, soldiers must take a firm stand and never give in to enemies. 【详解】考查状语从句、名词、固定短语、动词时态。whatever“无论什么”，“不管发生什么”为whatever引导的让步状语从句，表示“发生”用happen，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为Whatever，happen用第三人称单数形式。“军人”用 soldier，结合句意可知，军人不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作主句的主语；表示“坚定立场”用take a firm stand，表示“向……屈服”用give in to，表示“必须坚定立场，绝不向敌人屈服”用must take a firm stand and never give in to enemies。故翻译为Whatever happens, soldiers must take a firm stand and never give in to enemies. 14．研究人员想弄清楚经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。(exposure) (汉译英) 【答案】Researchers want to figure out whether/if constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress. 【详解】考查名词、固定短语、宾语从句、动词时态。表示“研究人员”用researcher，结合句意可知，研究人员不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作主语；表示“想弄清楚”用want to figure out，本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为Researchers，故谓语用动词原形；表示“暴露于，接触”用exposure to，其中to为介词；表示“减少压力”用reduce their stress，因此表示“经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力”用从句whether/if constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress，作figure out的宾语，其中从句主语为constant exposure to animals“持续接触动物”。故翻译为：Researchers want to figure out whether/if constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress. 15．为了避免成为网络犯罪的受害者，青少年们要学会明辨是非，不能不假思索地接受陌生人的好友申请。(discriminate) (汉译英) 【答案】In order to avoid becoming the victim of cybercrime, teenagers should learn to discriminate right from wrong/discriminate between right and wrong, and don’t accept strangers’ friend requests without thinking/hesitation. 【详解】考查固定短语，动词短语和介词短语。根据汉语提示，表示“为了避免成为网络犯罪的受害者”用in order to avoid becoming the victim of cybercrime，该结构中不定式结构作状语，avoid doing表示“避免做某事”，becoming the victim of cybercrime为动名词作宾语；表示“青少年”用teenager，此处表示复数意义，故使用teenagers；表示“学会做某事”用learn to do sth；表示“明辨是非”用discriminate right from wrong或者discriminate between right and wrong；表示“并且”用and；句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，表示“不假思索”用without thinking/hesitation；表示“不能接受陌生人的好友申请”用don’t accept strangers’ friend requests。故翻译为In order to avoid becoming the victim of cybercrime, teenagers should learn to discriminate right from wrong/discriminate between right and wrong, and don’t accept strangers’ friend requests without thinking/hesitation. 16．正是因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新，国货不再受到不公平待遇，反而比进口商品更具竞争优势。(edge) (汉译英) 【答案】It is because Chinese companies/corporations/businesses dare to rise to the challenge and innovate constantly that Chinese goods no longer suffer (from) unfair treatment; instead, they gain a competitive edge over imported goods. 【详解】考查短语、时态、状语从句和强调句。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，翻译本句用强调句，其结构为：It is +强调部分+that + 从句。“敢于”用短语dare to，“迎接挑战”用短语rise to the challenge，“因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新”翻译为because Chinese companies/corporations/businesses dare to rise to the challenge and innovate constantly，为because引导的原因状语从句；“国货”翻译为Chinese goods；“不再”用短语 no longer；“受到”用短语suffer (from)；“不公平待遇”翻译为unfair treatment；“反而比进口商品更具竞争优势”翻译为instead, they gain a competitive edge over imported goods。故翻译为It is because Chinese companies/corporations/businesses dare to rise to the challenge and innovate constantly that Chinese goods no longer suffer (from) unfair treatment; instead, they gain a competitive edge over imported goods. 17．她刚批准这个项目，就意识到这不过是一时心血来潮。 (Hardly)(汉译英) 【答案】Hardly had she approved the project when she realized that it was just a passing fancy. 【详解】考查固定句型和倒装句。表示“刚……就……”句型为hardly…when…，此处hardly位于句首，需用部分倒装，主句为过去完成时，助动词had提前；主语为she；表示“批准”应用动词approve，后跟名词project，作宾语；从句主语为she；表示“意识到”应用realize，后跟that引导宾语从句；表示“这不过是一时心血来潮”翻译为it was just a passing fancy，为一般过去时。故翻译为Hardly had she approved the project when she realized that it was just a passing fancy. 18．令我印象最深刻的是这位饱经风霜的生物学家始终直面每一个挑战。(take) (汉译英) 【答案】What impresses me most is that the weather-beaten biologist takes up every challenge head-on all the time. 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物应用what；表示“令某人印象最深刻”应用impress sb. most，为一般现在时；be动词后跟that引导的表语从句；从句主语为“这位饱经风霜的生物学家”翻译为the weather-beaten biologist；表示“直面每一个挑战”翻译为take up every challenge head-on；表示“始终”短语为all the time。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为What impresses me most is that the weather-beaten biologist takes up every challenge head-on all the time. 19．要不是他拙劣的演讲风格，这位有前途的年轻人本可以赢得演讲比赛一等奖。(If) (汉译英) 【答案】If it hadn’t been for his poor delivery, the promising young man could have won first prize in the speech contest. 【详解】考查If引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟语气。根据句中的“要不是”和“本可以”以及句意，这里应用If引导非真实条件句，表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，从句表示“要不是……”应用if it hadn’t been for...，主句应用could have done...形式。“拙劣的演讲风格”可表示为poor delivery；“有前途的”可表示为promising；“赢得一等奖”可表示为win first prize；“演讲比赛”可表示为the speech contest。故本句可翻译为：If it hadn’t been for his poor delivery, the promising young man could have won first prize in the speech contest. 20．要确保你在房屋摇晃的时候待在牢固的家具下方不动。（ensure）（汉译英） 【答案】Ensure that you stay under sturdy furniture while the house is shaking. 【详解】考查宾语从句和状语从句。根据汉语可知，句子是在提供建议，整体应使用祈使句，结合提示可知，“确保”应用动词ensure；“你待在牢固的家具下方不动”可理解为ensure的宾语从句，从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，引导名词性从句，时态宜用一般现在时，主语“你”用you，谓语部分“待在牢固的家具下方不动”可译为动词短语stay under sturdy furniture；“在房屋摇晃的时候”可理解为时间状语从句，“在……时候”可用从属连词while，时态宜用现在进行时，主语“房屋”应用the house，是单数，谓语部分“摇晃”可译为is shaking。故可译为：Ensure that you stay under sturdy furniture while the house is shaking. 21．据同学反馈，他只是假装在大部分社交场合表现良好。(function)(汉译英) 【答案】According to feedback from classmates, he only pretends to perform well in most social situations. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“根据”短语为according to；表示“同学反馈”翻译为feedback from classmates；主语为he；表示“假装做某事”短语为pretend to do sth.，由副词only修饰；表示“在大部分社交场合表现良好”翻译为perform well in most social situations。为一般现在时。故翻译为According to feedback from classmates, he only pretends to perform well in most social situations. 22．观众们倒抽一口凉气，这位种子选手赢下了前两局，两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望。(chance)(汉译英) 【答案】The audience gasped in shock as this seeded player won the first two sets, but two hours later, his/her chance of winning dwindled to only fifty percent. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。本句陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时；主语为audience；表示“倒抽一口凉气”翻译为gasp in shock，作谓语，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；表示“这位种子选手赢下了前两局”应用as引导时间状语从句，翻译为as this seeded player won the first two sets；“两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望”处理为but连接并列句，表示“两个小时之后”翻译为two hours later；表示“赢的机会”翻译为chance of winning，“减少到”用dwindle to。故翻译为The audience gasped in shock as this seeded player won the first two sets, but two hours later, his/her chance of winning dwindled to only fifty percent. 23．作为科学家不该惧怕可能遭到的怀疑，而应大胆猜想，抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证，惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破。(Instead of)(汉译英) 【答案】Instead of fearing possible doubts, scientists should boldly speculate and approach scientific validation with the attitude of “ten attempts with a lame horse.” Only by doing so can we hope to achieve remarkable breakthroughs as soon as possible. 【详解】考查固定短语和部分倒装。表示“不应该，而不是”应用Instead of，表示“惧怕可能遭到的怀疑”应用fearing possible doubts；主语为scientists；表示“大胆猜想”翻译为boldly speculate，should后跟动词原形；表示“抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证”翻译为approach scientific validation with the attitude of “ten attempts with a lame horse.”；表示“惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破”翻译为Only by doing so can we hope to achieve remarkable breakthroughs as soon as possible，为部分倒装。故翻译为Instead of fearing possible doubts, scientists should boldly speculate and approach scientific validation with the attitude of “ten attempts with a lame horse.” Only by doing so can we hope to achieve remarkable breakthroughs as soon as possible. 24．那里的村民们应该以其原始形式将传统传承下去。(suppose)(汉译英) 【答案】The villagers there should pass on the tradition in its original form. 【详解】考查动词短语和介词短语。表示“村民”应用名词villager，表示“应该”应用情态动词should，其后动词应用原形。表示“传承”应用动词短语pass on，表示“传统”应用名词tradition，表示“以……的形式”应用介词短语in...form，表示“原始的”应用形容词original。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为The villagers there should pass on the tradition in its original form. 25．人们希望日子过得更好，所以自20世纪90年代以来，大多数鲨鱼的数量下降了90%，这一点也不奇怪。(it; better off) (汉译英) 【答案】People want to be better off, so it’s not surprising that most shark populations have declined by 90% since the 1990s. 【详解】考查it作形式主语、形容词短语和现在完成时。表示“想要做某事”应用want to do。表示“日子过得更好”应用形容词短语better off。表示“……并不奇怪”应用固定句式it’s not surprising that，此处用it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。表示“大多数的”应用形容词most，表示“鲨鱼数量”应用shark populations，表示“下降”应用动词decline，表示幅度应用介词by，表示“自20世纪90年代以来”应用since the 1990s，从句中应用现在完成时。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为People want to be better off, so it’s not surprising that most shark populations have declined by 90% since the 1990s.。 26．根据目前的证据， 海洋生物学家预测，失去这个看护人可能会导致小型食肉动物的数量大幅增加。(bring) (汉译英) 【答案】Based on current evidence, marine biologists predict that the loss of this caregiver can bring about a significant increase in the population of small carnivorous animals. 【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和宾语从句。“根据”用短语be based on，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。“目前的证据”翻译为current evidence；“ 海洋生物学家”翻译为marine biologists ，在句中作主语；“预测”翻译为predict，在句中作谓语动词，后接宾语从句。“失去这个看护人”翻译为the loss of this caregiver，在从句中作主语；“可能”用情态动词can，后接动词原形；“导致”用短语bring about；“小型食肉动物的数量大幅增加”翻译为a significant increase in the population of small carnivorous animals。陈述现在事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，故翻译为Based on current evidence, marine biologists predict that the loss of this caregiver can bring about a significant increase in the population of small carnivorous animals. 27．游客纷至沓来，欣赏郊外的春日胜景。(pour)(汉译英) 【答案】Tourists pour in the countryside to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery. 【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、非谓语动词和时态。主语“游客”用tourist，结合句意，句中泛指所有游客，用复数名词tourists；谓语“纷至沓来”可理解为“蜂拥到……”，用动词短语pour in，描述当前的情况，用一般现在时态；根据句意，句中暗指游客蜂拥到“郊外”，作宾语，用名词the countryside表示；“欣赏春日胜景”是目的状语，用不定式短语to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery。综上，全句译为：Tourists pour in the countryside to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery. 28．要不是得到了好心人的帮助，他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来. (survive)(汉译英) 【答案】If he had not received help from kind-hearted people, he would not have survived the disaster. 【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词。根据所给中文提示词可知，本句应用if引导的虚拟条件从句，“他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来”是主句，与过去事实相反，用主语+would/could+have done形式，根据题干要求需用survive意为“幸存”，译为“he would not have survived this disaster”，“要不是得到了好心人的帮助”是从句，与过去事实相反，用if+主语+had done形式，译为“if he had not received help from kind-hearted people”。故译为：If he had not received help from kind-hearted people, he would not have survived the disaster. 29．公司耗尽资源研发了有竞争力的产品，最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境。(end)(汉译英) 【答案】The company exhausted its resources to develop a competitive product, only to end up in a desperate situation due to lack of funds. 【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、非谓语动词和时态。主语“公司”用the company，谓语“耗尽”用动词exhaust，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态exhausted，宾语“资源”用its resources，目的状语“研发了有竞争力的产品”用不定式短语to develop a competitive product；“最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境”是结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，可用不定式结构only to do...表示，其中“最终陷入”用动词短语end up in表示，宾语“绝境”用a desperate situation，原因状语“因为缺乏资金”用介词短语due to lack of funds表示。综上，全句译为：The company exhausted its resources to develop a competitive product, only to end up in a desperate situation due to lack of funds. 30．在我们眼里腼腆的小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事，令我们对他刮目相看。 (account)(汉译英) 【答案】Xiao Wang, who was shy in our eyes, accounted an exciting story in vivid style and made us look at him with new eyes. 【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、时态和定语从句。分析句子可知，“小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事，令我们对他刮目相看”是主句，主语“小王”用Xiao Wang，谓语“讲述”用动词account，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，宾语“一个激动人心的故事”用an exciting story，方式状语“绘声绘色地”用介词短语in vivid style，并列谓语“令”可用使役动词make表示，与谓语动词account用连词and连接，用一般过去时态made，宾语“我们”用宾格代词us，宾语补足语“对他刮目相看”用动词短语look at him with new eyes，作使役动词make后的宾语补足语，用原形；“在我们眼里腼腆的”可处理为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Xiao Wang，用关系代词将其代入从句中作主语，“腼腆”作表语，用形容词shy，表明主语的性格，系动词was用一般过去时态，说明是之前对Xiao Wang的认识。综上，全句译为：Xiao Wang, who was shy in our eyes, accounted an exciting story in vivid style and made us look at him with new eyes. 31．许多小公司受到新政策扶持，齐心协力挺过了艰难时期。(survive) （汉译英） 【答案】Supported by the new policy, many small firms have pulled together to survive the tough times. 【详解】考查动词、名词和短语和时态。“许多小公司”用名词短语many small firms表示，“受到新政策扶持”即“被新政策扶持”可以用过去分词作状语表示，“扶持”用动词support表示，“新政策”用名词the new policy表示，“齐心协力做某事”用短语pull together to dosth表示，描述已经完成的动作，用现在完成时，“挺过了”即“从……幸存下来”用动词survive表示，“艰难时期”用the tough times表示。故译为Supported by the new policy, many small firms have pulled together to survive the tough times. 32．正是因为疫情的再次爆发的原因才使得他们推迟了期待已久的军训。(It) （汉译英） 【答案】It was because of the resurgence of the epidemic that they postponed their long-awaited military training. 【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，介词，代词，连词，短语和时态。表示“因为”应用介词短语because of；表示“再次爆发”应用名词resurgence；表示“疫情”应用名词epidemic；表示“他们”应用代词they；表示“推迟”应用动词postpone；表示“期待已久的”应用形容词long-awaited；表示“军训”应用名词短语military training；表示“正是…才…”应用强调句型的结构It is/was…that/who…；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话强调的是“因为疫情的再次爆发的原因”，是指事情，用连词that引导。这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故翻译为It was because of the resurgence of the epidemic that they postponed their long-awaited military training. 33．我没想到他这样自律的学生这个暑假也会沉迷网络游戏，好多作业都没动。(abandon) （汉译英） 【答案】I didn’t think that such a self-disciplined student would also abandon himself to online games this summer vacation, leaving a lot of homework untouched. 【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和宾语从句。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。“我”为I，在句中作主语，“没想到”翻译为didn’t think，在句中作谓语动词，后接宾语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。“他这样自律的学生”翻译为such a self-disciplined student，在从句中作主语，“沉迷”用短语abandon oneself to，在句中作谓语动词；“网络游戏”翻译为online games，在从句中作宾语。“这个暑假”翻译为this summer vacation，在从句中作时间状语。“好多作业都没动”翻译为leaving a lot of homework untouched，在句中作状语。根据句意，故翻译为I didn’t think that such a self-disciplined student would also abandon himself to online games this summer vacation, leaving a lot of homework untouched. 34．出身音乐世家，她从小耳濡目染各种乐器和音乐会，难怪长大后成为了杰出的指挥兼作曲家。(expose) （汉译英） 【答案】Coming from a music family, she was exposed to various instruments and concerts from a young age, no wonder she grew up to become a distinguished conductor and composer. 【详解】考查短语、时态和非谓语动词。“出身音乐世家”翻译为come from a music family，在句中作状语，与逻辑主语she之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。“耳濡目染”用短语be exposed to；“各种乐器和音乐会”翻译为 various instruments and concerts；“从小”翻译为from a young age，“难怪”用短语no wonder；“长大”用短语grow up；“成为了杰出的指挥兼作曲家”翻译为become a distinguished conductor and composer。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为Coming from a music family, she was exposed to various instruments and concerts from a young age, no wonder she grew up to become a distinguished conductor and composer. 35．数字化进程使学生能够在一个无风险的环境中进行虚拟实验。(enable) （汉译英） 【答案】The process of digitalization enables students to do virtual experiments in a risk-free environment. 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“数字化进程”是主语，译为“the process of digitalization”，“使某人能够做某事”为固定短语enable sb to do，不定式为宾语补足语，学生译为“students”，“进行虚拟实验”译为“do virtual experiments”，状语“在一个无风险的环境中”译为“in a risk-free environment”，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为The process of digitalization enables students to do virtual experiments in a risk-free environment. 36．看到极端气候时，人们往往会将它和全球变暖联系起来。(associate) （汉译英） 【答案】When witnessing extreme weather, people tend to associate it with global warming. 【详解】考查非谓语动词，一般现在时，形容词，介词，名词。根据汉语意思可知，句子的主要成分为“人们往往会将它和全球变暖联系起来。”，所以前面为状语。表示“当……时候”用when；表示“看到”用witness；天气为weather；极端的为extreme；因为句子中已经有谓语动词，所以witness作非谓语，与句子的逻辑主语为主谓关系，所以用现在分词；所以前半句为When witnessing extreme weather。“常常做某事”为tend to do sth.，陈述经常性的行为，用一般现在时；“将……与……联系”为associate … with …；此处指的是将极端天气与全球变暖相联系，前文中已经出现“极端天气”所以用it代替；“全球变暖”为global warming。所以后半句为people tend to associate it with global warming.故答案为When witnessing extreme weather, people tend to associate it with global warming. 37．根据一项学生会的调查，学生熬夜学习的主要原因是对早睡的内疚以及对学业落后的担忧。(why) (汉译英) 【答案】According to a survey conducted by the students’ union, the main reasons why students burn the night oil are guilt over sleeping early and concern about falling behind in their studies. 【详解】考查介词短语、名词（短语）、动词短语、非谓语动词和定语从句。句子在介绍一般性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时；“根据一项学生会的调查”为状语，“根据”可用介词短语according to，“一项调查”可用名词a survey，“学生会的”可理解为“由学生会实施的”，可用过去分词短语conducted by the students’ union作survey的后置定语；“……的主要原因”可用固定句型the main reasons why…，why引导限制性定语从句修饰reasons，该从句中主语“学生”可用名词students，“熬夜学习”可用动词短语burn the night oil；“是”用be动词are，“对早睡的内疚”可用名词短语guilt over sleeping early，其中动名词sleeping early作over的宾语，“以及”应用连词and，“对学业落后的担忧”可用名词短语concern about falling behind in their studies，其中动名词falling behind in their studies作about的宾语。故可译为：According to a survey conducted by the students’ union, the main reasons why students burn the night oil are guilt over sleeping early and concern about falling behind in their studies. 38．检查过程中未发现任何机器损坏。(emerge) (汉译英) 【答案】No machine damage emerged during the inspection. 【详解】考查名词、时态、介词。“检查过程中未发现任何机器损坏”即“在检查中没有机器损伤出现。”表示“机器”用名词machine，作定语，修饰“损伤”；表示“损伤”用名词damage；表示“没有机器损伤”用no machine damage，作主语，no位于句首，首字母大写。表示“出现”用动词emerge，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式emerged。表示“在……期间”用介词during。表示“检查”用名词inspection，此处为特指，inspection前加the，the inspection作during的宾语。故翻译为No machine damage emerged during the inspection. 39．令校长开心的是，自推行新教材以来，越来越多的学生对地理表现出兴趣。(introduce)(汉译英) 【答案】What delights the headmaster is that more and more students have shown/ expressed (an) interest in geography since the new textbooks were introduced. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句和时态语态。用指物的连接代词what 引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，表示“令……高兴”应用动词delight，后跟the headmaster作宾语，为一般现在时；系动词is后跟that引导的表语从句，表示“越来越多的学生”为more and more students；表示“对地理表现出兴趣”翻译为show/ express (an) interest in geography，为现在完成时；表示“自从”应用since引导时间状语从句，主语为the new textbooks；表示“推行”可用动词introduce，为一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为What delights the headmaster is that more and more students have shown/ expressed (an) interest in geography since the new textbooks were introduced. 40．尽管工作千头万绪，但一想到暑期可以在海滩上欣赏日出日落，他就满怀期望。(Despite)(汉译英) 【答案】Despite the complicated work, he is filled with expectation at the thought of enjoying the sunrise and sunset on the beach during the summer vacation. 【详解】考查介词、短语和非谓语动词。表示“尽管”用让步介词despite，后面跟名词短语“千头万绪的工作”the complicated work，表示“充满”用be filled with，表示人物客观感受，用一般现在时，主语为he，be动词用is，表示“期望”用expectation，表示“一想到”用介词短语at the thought of，表示“在海滩上欣赏日出日落”用enjoy the sunrise and sunset on the beach，介词后用动名词作宾语，表示“在暑假”用during the summer vacation。综上所述，故翻译为Despite the complicated work, he is filled with expectation at the thought of enjoying the sunrise and sunset on the beach during the summer vacation. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$