2024-2025学年高一英语阅读专项 词义猜测题 学案

阅读专题——词义猜测题

Lead-in

1. pickpocket n. _______
2. Sally had managed to bag the two best seats.

萨莉 ______那两个最好的位子。

 

一、逻辑关系法（Logical Relation）

1. Mr.Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
2. Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I known.His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest(谦虚的).
3. She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.
4. Mary didn't notice me when I came into the classroom, because she was completely engrossed in her reading.
5. The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again.

 

同义/近义常见信号词：and, or, also, as...as, just as, similarly等

对比/转折常见信号词：but, yet, despite, however, while, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, instead 等

因果关系常见的词或短语：since, as, because, for, so, thus, consequently, therefore, accordingly, hence, due to, owing to, thanks to, because of, on account of, result in等

 

二、解释说明法（Explanation）

1. Pantomime is a short play in which no words are spoken.
2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 6500 yuan a year.
3. They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times.
4. You may borrow from the library any periodicals: News Weekly,Reader’s Digest,The New Yorkers.

 

下定义：is, mean, refers to, namely 等后的内容是对前面解释说明或由that is (to say), in other words, to put it another way 引出的解释性的短语来解释生词。

 

【巩固练习】

1. Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.

2. Jane is indecisive, that is, she can’t make up her mind.

3. The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients’ heartbeat and breathing.

4. He is a serious person who always does everything conscientiously.

5. Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health．They also regard drinking as harmful．

6. He strayed because of the darkness, and didn’t know where he was.

7. At fifty he is in his prime of life and always full of energy.

8. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because she was using the wrong key.

9. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water.

10.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.

11. Unlike the United States where many different nationalities make up the population, Japan’s population is quite homogeneous.

12. He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.

 

13. In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their  husbands, they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry.

A. money   B. children     C. rice    D. houses

 

14.  He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.

A. weak     B. firm     C. kind     D. clever

 

15. “Survival of the fittest” is the golden rule in this world. In other words, “Let the unfit perish” is the motto.

A. die     B. grow     C. start     D. say

 

【真题演练】

16. Ahmad Khawaja became famous, and his paintings were worth thousands of dollars at that time. He made a large number of paintings and was known as a prolific and clever painter.

The underlined word “prolific” probably means “______”

A.having a great dream         B. producing many works

C.having a lot of experience     D. leading a happy life

 

17. Banning noticed that too, and said, “You want to call it quits?” “Do we have a choice?” Kells answered. Both men walked out with their hands up.

The captured Americans were taken to a nearby command post, where Kells was told to fill a postcard out with a message for his family.   

The underline part call it quits in Para. 2 means            .

A. quitting from the unit   B. giving out 

C. giving in              D. calling for help

 

When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring. They were the "in" thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.（福建卷13）

56.The underlined word "in" in the first paragraph probably means "_____".

A. fashionable    B. available  

C. practical    D. renewable

 

The advanced EP(便携式加热器) also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. It comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most